SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Emergency Medicine: Fluid Therapy
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
emergency-medicine
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Replacing a free water deficit (hypernatremia) -during heart or renal disease when the patient has an impaired ability to handle sodium -maintenance fluid therapy (lower Na - high K)
clinical indications for hypotonic crystalloids
assessment in the position of the eye in orbit
blood volume in cats
TBW in large animals less that 30 days of age
2. 30% body weight
total osmolality
tonicity
ECF in large animal adults
adverse effects of canine plasma
3. Polydispersed complex starch dissolved in 0.9% NaCl -small molecules confer oncotic pressure -large molecule confer duration of action -a synthetic colloid
hydroxyethyl starch
clinical indications for hypotonic crystalloids
sensible fluid losses
ineffective osmole
4. Used in neonates and avian species with limited vascular access.
bloodwork changes and dehydration
typical uses for IO route of administration
TBW in large animals less that 30 days of age
breakdown of the loss from the ECF compartment
5. Omolality of ECF increases - causing fluid to shift from the ICF to the ECF -ECF volume is partially maintained -ICF decreases - TBW decreases
primary effect of colloids
dehydration
hydroxyethyl starch
the effects of the loss of hypotonic fluid (water deprivation)
6. Extracellular space - with rapid redistribution into the interstitium -only 20 to 30% of the fluids administered remain in the intravascular space after 20 to 30 minutes
typical uses for IV route of administration
isotonic crystalloids volume of distribution
most sensitive test for estimating fluid loss
signs of hypovolemia
7. Direct vascular access and expansion -rapid administration possible -multiple type of fluids can be used
adverse effects of canine plasma
typical uses for IV route of administration
advantages of the IV route of administration
insensible losses
8. Increased colloid oncotic pressure -shorter duration of effect due to rapid excretion
hypertonic crystalloids
iso-omolality of the body
properties of colloids with small macromolecules
advantages of the SC route of administration
9. 0.45% NaCl -D5W -Norm M
dextrose 5% in water (D5W)
hydroxyethyl starch
hypotonic crystalloids
law of electroneutrality
10. The most abundant positively charged ion in the ECF.
signs of hypovolemia
sodium
TBW is obese large animals and extremely large horses
dehydration
11. Most commonly used to treat coagulopathies.
influence of age on the skin elasticity test
normal osmolality of body fluid
indications for canine plasma
maintenance water requirement
12. 40% body weight
osmotic determinants of volume: ECF
contraindications for hypotonic crystalloids
advantages of the SC route of administration
ICF is small animals
13. The loss of isotonic fluids from the ECF - primarily from the interstitium
types of the fluids used for maintenance
mucous membrane moistness
shock dose for hypertonic saline
dehydration
14. Extracellular water + intracellular water
total body water (TBW)
general properties of crystalloids
types of the fluids used for maintenance
location of the skin elasticity test in cattle
15. Osteomyelitis -often only short-lived access
TBW in large animals less that 30 days of age
ECF in large animals less than 30 days of age
disadvantages of the IO route of administration
most sensitive test for estimating fluid loss
16. 132 x BW (kg)^0.75
plasma volume in cats
maintenance for a normal adult dog
clinical indications for isotonic crystalloids
TBW is obese large animals and extremely large horses
17. Extravasation of the catheter into the SC -thrombosis and thromboembolism -thrombophlebitis -infection of the catheter site and into the blood -can fragment and become a foreign body
complications of catheterization
signs of hypovolemia
TBW in adults
disadvantages of the SC route of administration
18. Urinary -fecal
sensible fluid losses
TBW in adults
blood volume in adults
phases of a fluid therapy plan
19. Osmolality of solution is greater than that of blood - causing a shift from fluid from the intersitium into the vascular space and rapid vascular volume expansion.
ICF in large animals
blood volume in cats
properties of hypertonic crystalloids
properties of isotonic crystalloids
20. Pain and irritation -pressure necrosis -infection
complications of the SC route of administration
the effects of isotonic fluid loss
ICF is small animals
advantages of the IO route of administration
21. 30% body weight
typical uses for IO route of administration
ICF in large animals
skin elasticity test
normal osmolality of body fluid
22. Decreased colloid oncotic pressure -longer duration of action due to longer circulation time
insensible losses
properties of colloids with large macromolecules
maintenance for a normal adult horse
breakdown of the loss from the ECF compartment
23. 1/4 from the intravascular space -3/4 from the interstitium
ECF in large animal adults
isotonic crystalloids volume of distribution
hypotonic crystalloids
breakdown of the loss from the ECF compartment
24. Increased PCV and TP (hemoconcentration) -increased BUN (pre-renal azotemia) -sodium concentration will remain the same with isotonic loss
hypovolemia
bloodwork changes and dehydration
isotonic crystalloids volume of distribution
ECF in large animals less than 30 days of age
25. Resuscitation -anesthetic patients -to treat significant dehydration and ongoing losses -critiacally ill patients
maintenance for a normal adult cow
disadvantages of the SC route of administration
general properties of crystalloids
typical uses for IV route of administration
26. All body fluids are iso-osmolar is relation to other body flids despite a different ionic composition.
tonicity
clinical indication for hypertonic crystalloids
iso-omolality of the body
edema
27. Maintain the animal in zero fluid balance - with input equaling output.
goal of maintenance fluids
location of the skin elasticity test in cattle
general properties of crystalloids
categorizations of crystalloids
28. The amount of saliva and tear film varies inversely with - hydration status -this is a qualitative test
vascular expansion of hypertonic crystalloids
mucous membrane moistness
types of shock that are reponsive to fluid therapy
sodium
29. Resuscitation -treating cerebral edema due to head trauma -correction of acute hyponatremia
osmotic determinants of volume: ECF
clinical indication for hypertonic crystalloids
properties of colloids with large macromolecules
plasma volume in adults
30. Young animals have increased elasticity -old animals have decreased elasticity
the effects of isotonic fluid loss
influence of age on the skin elasticity test
osmotic determinants of volume: ICF
hydroxyethyl starch volume of distribution
31. Primarily in the vascular space - depending on vascular permeability -increases vascualar volume by 1 to 1.5x volume given
general properties of crystalloids
hydroxyethyl starch volume of distribution
properties of colloids with large macromolecules
adverse effects of hypertonic crystalloids
32. 0.9% NaCl -reduction of SID due to an increase in Cl in relation to Na
potassium
primary effect of colloids
typical uses for IO route of administration
acidifying crystalloids
33. Sodium and associated anions
osmotic determinants of volume: ECF
properties of hypotonic crystalloids
adverse effects of isotonic crystalloids
types of shock that are reponsive to fluid therapy
34. The difference between unmeasured anions and unmeasured cations.
ECF in small animal adults
primary effect of colloids
ineffective osmole
anion gap
35. Potassium - magnesium - and associated anions.
osmotic determinants of volume: ICF
goals of fluid resuscitation
typical uses for IV route of administration
clinical indications for isotonic crystalloids
36. Dextrose allows for an initial match in blood osmolality - but does not act as an effective osmol - as it is rapidly metabolized.
hypertonic crystalloids
dextrose 5% in water (D5W)
influence in body condition on the skin elasticity test
complications of the SC route of administration
37. Plasma proteins -sodium and associated anions
osmotic determinants of volume: BV
properties of colloids with large macromolecules
location of the skin elasticity test in cattle
sensible fluid losses
38. 80 to 90 ml/kg IV bolus
clinical indications for hydroxyethyl starch
blood volume in cats
maintenance for a normal adult cat
traditional shock dose
39. Typically an isotonic crystalloid with potassium added - -hypotonic crystalloids for animals with compromised renal - function of in heart failure -
types of the fluids used for maintenance
TBW is obese large animals and extremely large horses
breakdown of the loss from the ECF compartment
contraindications for hypotonic crystalloids
40. 20% body weight
ECF in small animal adults
advantages of the IO route of administration
clinical indications for hydroxyethyl starch
categorizations of crystalloids
41. Hypovolemic is the most reponsive -distributive shock -obstructive shock - above the obstruction
the effects of the loss of hypotonic fluid (water deprivation)
indications for canine plasma
types of shock that are reponsive to fluid therapy
vascular expansion of hypertonic crystalloids
42. Generates osmotic pressure by causing a shift of water across a boundary that is not permeable to the osmotically active particle.
dextrose 5% in water (D5W)
adverse effects of hypertonic crystalloids
effective osmoles
total body water (TBW)
43. Dose dependent coagulopathy due to dilution of clotting factors and impaired platelet aggregation - especially with hetastarch.
ECF in small animal adults
sensible fluid losses
typical uses for IV route of administration
adverse affects of hydroxyethyl starch
44. Sustained volume expansion of the vascular space
plasma volume in cats
most sensitive test for estimating fluid loss
skin elasticity test
primary effect of colloids
45. Resuscitation - to attain sustained vascular expansion - oncotic support during hypoproteinemia
total osmolality
adverse effects of isotonic crystalloids
clinical indications for hydroxyethyl starch
total body water (TBW)
46. Osmolality of ECF does not change - initiating no fluid shift - between the ECF and ICF -ECF decreases - TBW decreases - and ICF is static
Vetstarch
the effects of isotonic fluid loss
total body water (TBW)
indications for canine plasma
47. Unreliable rate of absorption -cannot be used for resuscitation or replacement of fluids in critically ill patients -hypo- or hypertonic solutions cannot be used due to tissue damage and injury
indications for canine plasma
typical uses for IO route of administration
ECF in small animal adults
disadvantages of the SC route of administration
48. TBW - ECF -contains transcellular fluids such as peritonial fluid - CSF - pleural fluid - and synovial fluid.
disadvantages of the SC route of administration
interstitial fluid
adverse effects of hypertonic crystalloids
osmolality
49. Correction of acid-base disorders -rehydration -replacement of ongoing losses -resuscitation
influence in body condition on the skin elasticity test
clinical indications for isotonic crystalloids
adverse affects of hydroxyethyl starch
the effects of electrolyte loss without water loss (dialysis)
50. The concentration of effective osmoles + the concentration of ineffective osmoles.
total osmolality
insensible losses
osmolality
osmotic determinants of volume: ICF
Sorry!:) No result found.
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
Let me suggest you:
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests
Major Subjects
Tests & Exams
AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT
Certifications
CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/
PMP
ITIL
RHCE
MCTS
More...
IT Skills
Android Programming
Data Modeling
Objective C Programming
Basic Python Programming
Adobe Illustrator
More...
Business Skills
Advertising Techniques
Business Accounting Basics
Business Strategy
Human Resource Management
Marketing Basics
More...
Soft Skills
Body Language
People Skills
Public Speaking
Persuasion
Job Hunting And Resumes
More...
Vocabulary
GRE Vocab
SAT Vocab
TOEFL Essential Vocab
Basic English Words For All
Global Words You Should Know
Business English
More...
Languages
AP German Vocab
AP Latin Vocab
SAT Subject Test: French
Italian Survival
Norwegian Survival
More...
Engineering
Audio Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Structural Engineering
More...
Health Sciences
Basic Nursing Skills
Health Science Language Fundamentals
Veterinary Technology Medical Language
Cardiology
Clinical Surgery
More...
English
Grammar Fundamentals
Literary And Rhetorical Vocab
Elements Of Style Vocab
Introduction To English Major
Complete Advanced Sentences
Literature
Homonyms
More...
Math
Algebra Formulas
Basic Arithmetic: Measurements
Metric Conversions
Geometric Properties
Important Math Facts
Number Sense Vocab
Business Math
More...
Other Major Subjects
Science
Economics
History
Law
Performing-arts
Cooking
Logic & Reasoning
Trivia
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests