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Emergency Medicine: Fluid Therapy

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 5% body weight






2. Resuscitation -anesthetic patients -to treat significant dehydration and ongoing losses -critiacally ill patients






3. Access to a vascular space when IV is not possible -rapid placement






4. Short duration of volume expansion -transient hypernatremia -reflex bradycardia






5. 40 ml/kg/day






6. Potassium - magnesium - and associated anions.






7. A function of daily obligatory solute excretion -based on body surface area rather than body weight






8. 1/4 from the intravascular space -3/4 from the interstitium






9. Extravasation of the catheter into the SC -thrombosis and thromboembolism -thrombophlebitis -infection of the catheter site and into the blood -can fragment and become a foreign body






10. A sunken eyes is associated with reduced volume in the ] - retrobulbar fat -qualitative






11. Osmolality of ECF decreases - causing fluid to shift from the ECF to the ICF -ICF volume increases -ECF volume decreases - TBW decreases






12. Osmolality of ECF does not change - initiating no fluid shift - between the ECF and ICF -ECF decreases - TBW decreases - and ICF is static






13. 300 mosm/L






14. No restricted by the endothelium -equilibrate rapidly between the interstitial and vascular spaces -cell membranes restrict movement from interstitial space - into cells bases on osmolality






15. 70% body weight






16. 4% body weight






17. 60% body weight






18. 40% body weight






19. Total body water






20. 20% body weight






21. Decreased colloid oncotic pressure -longer duration of action due to longer circulation time






22. Changes in body weight over time.






23. 10 to 20 ml/kg IV bolus






24. Urinary -fecal






25. The most abundant positively charged ion in the ECF.






26. Osmolality of solution is greater than that of blood - causing a shift from fluid from the intersitium into the vascular space and rapid vascular volume expansion.






27. 30% body weight






28. 0.9% NaCl -Plasmalyte -LRS






29. A natural colloid that is not very efficient at raising albumin or COP.






30. The elasticity of skin depends on hydration status -pull up the skin over the thorax and watch the speed at which - it returns to normal position -also able to assess overhydration






31. A decrease in in capillary oncotic pressure due to protein loss resulting in filtration of fluid into the interstitial fluid.






32. 20 to 25 mmHG






33. Proportional to the number of non-dissociable (active) ions in solution -not a function of the weight of an ion






34. Lateral neck skin






35. 30% body weight






36. Correction of acid-base disorders -rehydration -replacement of ongoing losses -resuscitation






37. Increased colloid oncotic pressure -shorter duration of effect due to rapid excretion






38. Extracellular water + intracellular water






39. Interstitial fluid + blood






40. Extracellular space - with rapid redistribution into the interstitium -only 20 to 30% of the fluids administered remain in the intravascular space after 20 to 30 minutes






41. Hypovolemic is the most reponsive -distributive shock -obstructive shock - above the obstruction






42. Used in neonates and avian species with limited vascular access.






43. Potential for transfusion reactions.






44. The loss of intravascular fluid.






45. 132 x BW (kg)^0.75






46. Young animals have increased elasticity -old animals have decreased elasticity






47. Dextrose allows for an initial match in blood osmolality - but does not act as an effective osmol - as it is rapidly metabolized.






48. 50 m;/kg/day






49. Mucous membrane moistness -skin elasticity -position of the eye in orbit -changes in body weight -volume status (signs of hypovolemia) -thirst mechanism






50. Increased PCV and TP (hemoconcentration) -increased BUN (pre-renal azotemia) -sodium concentration will remain the same with isotonic loss