Test your basic knowledge |

Emergency Medicine: Fluid Therapy

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Total body water






2. The elasticity of skin depends on hydration status -pull up the skin over the thorax and watch the speed at which - it returns to normal position -also able to assess overhydration






3. Osmolality of ECF does not change - initiating no fluid shift - between the ECF and ICF -ECF decreases - TBW decreases - and ICF is static






4. Osmolality of ECF decreases - causing fluid to shift from the ECF to the ICF -ICF volume increases -ECF volume decreases - TBW decreases






5. A decrease in in capillary oncotic pressure due to protein loss resulting in filtration of fluid into the interstitial fluid.






6. Lateral neck skin






7. Changes in body weight over time.






8. 40% body weight






9. Potential for transfusion reactions.






10. 70% body weight






11. Urinary -fecal






12. 40% body weight






13. Resuscitation - to attain sustained vascular expansion - oncotic support during hypoproteinemia






14. The loss of isotonic fluids from the ECF - primarily from the interstitium






15. Lower eyelid






16. 60% body weight






17. A natural colloid that is not very efficient at raising albumin or COP.






18. Osmolality of solution is greater than that of blood - causing a shift from fluid from the intersitium into the vascular space and rapid vascular volume expansion.






19. Typically an isotonic crystalloid with potassium added - -hypotonic crystalloids for animals with compromised renal - function of in heart failure -






20. 4% body weight






21. Extracellular water + intracellular water






22. 1/4 from the intravascular space -3/4 from the interstitium






23. Along with magnesium - constitutes the majority of positively charged ions in the ICF.






24. 20 to 25 mmHG






25. Pain and irritation -pressure necrosis -infection






26. A particle that does not generate osmotic pressure because it is freely permeable across a membrane.






27. 8% body weight






28. 30% body weight






29. Resuscitation phase: if the animal is in shock -rehydration phase -maintenance phase






30. Sustained volume expansion of the vascular space






31. For every positively charged ion in body fluids - there is a balancing negatively charged ion.






32. The amount of saliva and tear film varies inversely with - hydration status -this is a qualitative test






33. 50 m;/kg/day






34. Saliva -evaporation at skin -evaporation at the respiratory tract






35. Omolality of ECF increases - causing fluid to shift from the ICF to the ECF -ECF volume is partially maintained -ICF decreases - TBW decreases






36. Categorized based on tonicity compared to normal plasma -categorized based on electrolyte composition -categorized based on acid-base effects






37. 0.45% NaCl -D5W -Norm M






38. 80 to 90 ml/kg IV bolus






39. The concentration of effective osmoles.






40. 40 ml/kg/day






41. Extravasation of the catheter into the SC -thrombosis and thromboembolism -thrombophlebitis -infection of the catheter site and into the blood -can fragment and become a foreign body






42. Increased PCV and TP (hemoconcentration) -increased BUN (pre-renal azotemia) -sodium concentration will remain the same with isotonic loss






43. Creation of acid-base disorders -tissue edema -pro-inflammatory effects






44. Used in neonates and avian species with limited vascular access.






45. Albumin






46. Polydispersed complex starch dissolved in 0.9% NaCl -small molecules confer oncotic pressure -large molecule confer duration of action -a synthetic colloid






47. Young animals have increased elasticity -old animals have decreased elasticity






48. Resuscitation -treating cerebral edema due to head trauma -correction of acute hyponatremia






49. A function of daily obligatory solute excretion -based on body surface area rather than body weight






50. Decreased colloid oncotic pressure -longer duration of action due to longer circulation time