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Emergency Medicine: Fluid Therapy

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. No restricted by the endothelium -equilibrate rapidly between the interstitial and vascular spaces -cell membranes restrict movement from interstitial space - into cells bases on osmolality






2. Osmolality of the solution is less that blood - causing a net increase in free water.






3. Interstitial fluid + blood






4. Albumin






5. 132 x BW (kg)^0.75






6. A particle that does not generate osmotic pressure because it is freely permeable across a membrane.






7. 30% body weight






8. 60% body weight






9. 4 ml/kg IV bolus






10. 40% body weight






11. Resuscitation - to attain sustained vascular expansion - oncotic support during hypoproteinemia






12. Omolality of ECF increases - causing fluid to shift from the ICF to the ECF -ECF volume is partially maintained -ICF decreases - TBW decreases






13. Mucous membrane moistness -skin elasticity -position of the eye in orbit -changes in body weight -volume status (signs of hypovolemia) -thirst mechanism






14. 80 to 90 ml/kg IV bolus






15. The difference between unmeasured anions and unmeasured cations.






16. Never use for resuscitation -never bolus; cannot administer rapidly






17. Dose dependent coagulopathy due to dilution of clotting factors and impaired platelet aggregation - especially with hetastarch.






18. 30% body weight






19. Most commonly used to treat coagulopathies.






20. 50 m;/kg/day






21. Osmolality of solution is approximately equal to that of blood - replacing water as well as electrolytes.






22. The amount of saliva and tear film varies inversely with - hydration status -this is a qualitative test






23. A function of daily obligatory solute excretion -based on body surface area rather than body weight






24. 300 mosm/L






25. Total body water






26. Direct vascular access and expansion -rapid administration possible -multiple type of fluids can be used






27. Hypovolemic is the most reponsive -distributive shock -obstructive shock - above the obstruction






28. A decrease in in capillary oncotic pressure due to protein loss resulting in filtration of fluid into the interstitial fluid.






29. 4% body weight






30. Osteomyelitis -often only short-lived access






31. Lower eyelid






32. Dextrose allows for an initial match in blood osmolality - but does not act as an effective osmol - as it is rapidly metabolized.






33. Potential for transfusion reactions.






34. Young animals have increased elasticity -old animals have decreased elasticity






35. Resuscitation -anesthetic patients -to treat significant dehydration and ongoing losses -critiacally ill patients






36. Short duration of volume expansion -transient hypernatremia -reflex bradycardia






37. A new formulation of hydroxyethyl starch that has decreased coagulopathy effects - safe up to 50 to 100 ml/kg/d






38. Unreliable rate of absorption -cannot be used for resuscitation or replacement of fluids in critically ill patients -hypo- or hypertonic solutions cannot be used due to tissue damage and injury






39. Decreased colloid oncotic pressure -longer duration of action due to longer circulation time






40. 8% body weight






41. All body fluids are iso-osmolar is relation to other body flids despite a different ionic composition.






42. The loss of isotonic fluids from the ECF - primarily from the interstitium






43. Extracellular space - with rapid redistribution into the interstitium -only 20 to 30% of the fluids administered remain in the intravascular space after 20 to 30 minutes






44. Lateral neck skin






45. Extracellular water + intracellular water






46. Primarily in the vascular space - depending on vascular permeability -increases vascualar volume by 1 to 1.5x volume given






47. A natural colloid that is not very efficient at raising albumin or COP.






48. Practical - with limited equipment required -can be administered on an outpatient basis






49. Changes in body weight over time.






50. Pain and irritation -pressure necrosis -infection







Sorry!:) No result found.

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