Test your basic knowledge |

Emergency Medicine: Fluid Therapy

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 0.9% NaCl -reduction of SID due to an increase in Cl in relation to Na






2. Direct vascular access and expansion -rapid administration possible -multiple type of fluids can be used






3. Total body water






4. Osmolality of ECF decreases - causing fluid to shift from the ECF to the ICF -ICF volume increases -ECF volume decreases - TBW decreases






5. Decreased colloid oncotic pressure -longer duration of action due to longer circulation time






6. A function of daily obligatory solute excretion -based on body surface area rather than body weight






7. Most commonly used to treat coagulopathies.






8. Osmolality of solution is greater than that of blood - causing a shift from fluid from the intersitium into the vascular space and rapid vascular volume expansion.






9. Plasma proteins -sodium and associated anions






10. Extracellular space - with rapid redistribution into the interstitium -only 20 to 30% of the fluids administered remain in the intravascular space after 20 to 30 minutes






11. The loss of intravascular fluid.






12. Extracellular water + intracellular water






13. Sustained volume expansion of the vascular space






14. Osmolality of ECF does not change - initiating no fluid shift - between the ECF and ICF -ECF decreases - TBW decreases - and ICF is static






15. The concentration of effective osmoles.






16. The amount of saliva and tear film varies inversely with - hydration status -this is a qualitative test






17. The concentration of effective osmoles + the concentration of ineffective osmoles.






18. 4% body weight






19. Potential for transfusion reactions.






20. Correction of acid-base disorders -rehydration -replacement of ongoing losses -resuscitation






21. Normalization of vital signs -MAP above 65 -urine output about 0.5 ml/kg/hr






22. Occur at the loss of 30% of blood volume -occur when dehydration reached 10% of body weight






23. Lateral neck skin






24. 10 to 20 ml/kg IV bolus






25. Dose dependent coagulopathy due to dilution of clotting factors and impaired platelet aggregation - especially with hetastarch.






26. A particle that does not generate osmotic pressure because it is freely permeable across a membrane.






27. 40% body weight






28. Typically an isotonic crystalloid with potassium added - -hypotonic crystalloids for animals with compromised renal - function of in heart failure -






29. All body fluids are iso-osmolar is relation to other body flids despite a different ionic composition.






30. Increased colloid oncotic pressure -shorter duration of effect due to rapid excretion






31. Unreliable rate of absorption -cannot be used for resuscitation or replacement of fluids in critically ill patients -hypo- or hypertonic solutions cannot be used due to tissue damage and injury






32. For every positively charged ion in body fluids - there is a balancing negatively charged ion.






33. Resuscitation -anesthetic patients -to treat significant dehydration and ongoing losses -critiacally ill patients






34. Mucous membrane moistness -skin elasticity -position of the eye in orbit -changes in body weight -volume status (signs of hypovolemia) -thirst mechanism






35. Never use for resuscitation -never bolus; cannot administer rapidly






36. The difference between unmeasured anions and unmeasured cations.






37. A natural colloid that is not very efficient at raising albumin or COP.






38. A sunken eyes is associated with reduced volume in the ] - retrobulbar fat -qualitative






39. 6% body weight






40. Expand the intravascular space by 4 to 6 times for a short duration.






41. Osmolality of solution is approximately equal to that of blood - replacing water as well as electrolytes.






42. Urinary -fecal






43. The loss of isotonic fluids from the ECF - primarily from the interstitium






44. Generates osmotic pressure by causing a shift of water across a boundary that is not permeable to the osmotically active particle.






45. Potassium - magnesium - and associated anions.






46. Lower eyelid






47. 60% body weight






48. Resuscitation phase: if the animal is in shock -rehydration phase -maintenance phase






49. Albumin






50. 1/4 from the intravascular space -3/4 from the interstitium