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Emergency Medicine: Fluid Therapy

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Osmolality of solution is greater than that of blood - causing a shift from fluid from the intersitium into the vascular space and rapid vascular volume expansion.






2. 0.9% NaCl -reduction of SID due to an increase in Cl in relation to Na






3. Access to a vascular space when IV is not possible -rapid placement






4. 40 ml/kg/day






5. Correction of acid-base disorders -rehydration -replacement of ongoing losses -resuscitation






6. Osmolality of ECF decreases - causing fluid to shift from the ECF to the ICF -ICF volume increases -ECF volume decreases - TBW decreases






7. Normalization of vital signs -MAP above 65 -urine output about 0.5 ml/kg/hr






8. 20% body weight






9. Osmolality of solution is approximately equal to that of blood - replacing water as well as electrolytes.






10. Increased colloid oncotic pressure -shorter duration of effect due to rapid excretion






11. 20 to 25 mmHG






12. Omolality of ECF increases - causing fluid to shift from the ICF to the ECF -ECF volume is partially maintained -ICF decreases - TBW decreases






13. 0.9% NaCl -Plasmalyte -LRS






14. 132 x BW (kg)^0.75






15. 6% body weight






16. The loss of intravascular fluid.






17. 70% body weight






18. 40% body weight






19. Generates osmotic pressure by causing a shift of water across a boundary that is not permeable to the osmotically active particle.






20. 0.45% NaCl -D5W -Norm M






21. A function of daily obligatory solute excretion -based on body surface area rather than body weight






22. Decreased colloid oncotic pressure -longer duration of action due to longer circulation time






23. A new formulation of hydroxyethyl starch that has decreased coagulopathy effects - safe up to 50 to 100 ml/kg/d






24. Resuscitation - to attain sustained vascular expansion - oncotic support during hypoproteinemia






25. Extravasation of the catheter into the SC -thrombosis and thromboembolism -thrombophlebitis -infection of the catheter site and into the blood -can fragment and become a foreign body






26. All body fluids are iso-osmolar is relation to other body flids despite a different ionic composition.






27. A natural colloid that is not very efficient at raising albumin or COP.






28. Pain and irritation -pressure necrosis -infection






29. A decrease in in capillary oncotic pressure due to protein loss resulting in filtration of fluid into the interstitial fluid.






30. 5% body weight






31. Osteomyelitis -often only short-lived access






32. A sunken eyes is associated with reduced volume in the ] - retrobulbar fat -qualitative






33. Practical - with limited equipment required -can be administered on an outpatient basis






34. 300 mosm/L






35. The difference between unmeasured anions and unmeasured cations.






36. Occur at the loss of 30% of blood volume -occur when dehydration reached 10% of body weight






37. Plasma proteins -sodium and associated anions






38. 40% body weight






39. 4 ml/kg IV bolus






40. The most abundant positively charged ion in the ECF.






41. Hypovolemic is the most reponsive -distributive shock -obstructive shock - above the obstruction






42. Potential for transfusion reactions.






43. For every positively charged ion in body fluids - there is a balancing negatively charged ion.






44. 70% body weight






45. Albumin






46. Increased PCV and TP (hemoconcentration) -increased BUN (pre-renal azotemia) -sodium concentration will remain the same with isotonic loss






47. Resuscitation -anesthetic patients -to treat significant dehydration and ongoing losses -critiacally ill patients






48. The elasticity of skin depends on hydration status -pull up the skin over the thorax and watch the speed at which - it returns to normal position -also able to assess overhydration






49. 80 to 90 ml/kg IV bolus






50. 8% body weight