SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Engineering Materials
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. Yield = ratio of functional chips to total # of chips - Most yield loss during wafer processing - b/c of complex 2. Reliability - No device has infinite lifetime. Statistical methods to predict expected lifetime - Failure mechanisms: Diffusion reg
Refraction
Thermal Stresses
Yield and Reliability
Incoherent
2. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
LASER
Hard Magnetic Materials
Refraction
Energy States: Insulators and Semiconductors
3. Process by which metal atoms diffuse because of a potential.
Stress Intensity Factor
Electromigration
Generation of a Magnetic Field - Within a Solid Material
Plastic Deformation (Metals)
4. Undergo little or no plastic deformation.
Why materials fail in service
Rockwell
Brittle Materials
Luminescence examples
5. Measures Hardness - No major sample damage - Each scales runs to 130 but only useful in range 20-100 - Minor load is 10 kg - Major load: 60 kg (diamond) - 100 kg (1/16 in. ball) - 150 kg (diamond)
Rockwell
Thermal Shock Resistance
Why materials fail in service
Metallization
6. Typical loading conditions are _____ enough to break all inter-atomic bonds
Brittle Fracture
Ductile-to-Brittle Transition
Not severe
Bending tests
7. Elastic means reversible! This is not a permanent deformation.
Elastic Deformation
Opacifiers
Electromigration
Sparkle of Diamonds
8. - Metals that exhibit high ductility - exhibit high toughness. Ceramics are very strong - but have low ductility and low toughness - Polymers are very ductile but are not generally very strong in shear (compared to metals and ceramics). They have low
Translucent
Stress Intensity values
How an LCD works
Relative Permeability
9. Sigma=ln(li/lo)
True Strain
Thermal Expansion: Symmetric curve
Griffith Crack Model
Thermal Stresses
10. 1. Ductility- % elongation - % reduction in area - may be of use in metal forming operations (e.g. - stretch forming). This is convenient for mechanical testing - but not very meaningful for most deformation processing. 2. Toughness- Area beneath str
Thermal expansion
How to gage the extent of plastic deformation
Translucent
Impact - Toughness
11. -> fluorescent light - electron transitions occur randomly - light waves are out of phase with each other.
Force Decomposition
Slip Bands
Plastic Deformation (Metals)
Incoherent
12. Occur when lots of dislocations move.
Opacifiers
Pure Semiconductors: Conductivity vs. T
Rockwell
Slip Bands
13. Dimples on fracture surface correspond to microcavities that initiate crack formation.
Two kinds of Reflection
Ductile Fracture
Rockwell
Why materials fail in service
14. Superconductors expel magnetic fields - This is why a superconductor will float above a magnet.
Meissner Effect
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Electrical Conduction
Color
15. Loss of image transmission - You get no image - There is no light transmission - and therefore reflects - scatters - or absorbs ALL of it. Both mirrors and carbon black are opaque.
Translucent
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD's)
Thermal Shock Resistance
Opaque
16. Stress concentration at a crack tips
Oxidation
Griffith Crack Model
Energy States: Insulators and Semiconductors
Heat Capacity from an Atomic Prospective
17. These materials are relatively unaffected by magnetic fields.
Critical Properties of Superconductive Materials
Diamagnetic Materials
Coherent
The Transistor
18. Transmitted light distorts electron clouds - The velocity of light in a material is lower than in a vacuum - Adding large ions to glass decreases the speed of light in the glass - Light can be "bent" (or refracted) as it passes through a transparent
Yield and Reliability
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Thermal Conductivity
Refraction
19. Created by current through a coil N= total number of turns L= length of turns (m) I= current (ampere) H= applied magnetic field (ampere-turns/m) Bo= magnetic flux density in a vacuum (tesla)
Scattering
Generation of a Magnetic Field - Vacuum
Translucent
Ductile Fracture
20. Growing interconnections to connect devices -Low electrical resistance - good adhesion to dielectric insulators.
Generation of a Magnetic Field - Vacuum
Sparkle of Diamonds
Metallization
Meissner Effect
21. - The emission of light from a substance due to the absorption of energy. (Could be radiation - mechanical - or chemical energy. Could also be energetic particles.) - Traps and activator levels are produced by impurity additions to the material - Whe
Stages of Failure: Ductile Fracture
Luminescence
To improve fatigue life
Force Decomposition
22. This strength parameter is similar in magnitude to a tensile strength. Fracture occurs along the outermost sample edge - which is under a tensile load.
Scattering
Electromigration
Modulus of Rupture (MOR)
Luminescence examples
23. Metals are good conductors since their _______is only partially filled.
Valence band
Critical Properties of Superconductive Materials
Reflectance of Non-Metals
Stress Intensity Factor
24. A three terminal device that acts like a simple "on-off" switch. (the basis of Integrated Circuits (IC) technology - used in computers - cell phones - automotive control - etc) - If voltage (potential) applied to the "gate" - current flows between th
The Transistor
Insulators
Internal magnetic moments
Generation of a Magnetic Field - Within a Solid Material
25. 1. Stress-strain behavior is not usually determined via tensile tests 2. Material fails before it yields 3. Bend/flexure tests are often used instead.
Impact energy
Brittle Ceramics
Luminescence
Coherent
26. Is analogous to toughness.
Film Deposition
The Transistor
Ductile Fracture
Impact energy
27. Growth of an oxide layer by the reaction of oxygen with the substrate - Provides dopant masking and device isolation - IC technology uses 1. Thermal grown oxidation (dry) 2. Wet Oxidation 3. Selective Oxidation
Metals: Resistivity vs. T - Impurities
Refraction
Oxidation
Intergranular Fracture
28. Impurities added to the semiconductor that contribute to excess electrons or holes. Doping = intentional impurities.
Two ways to measure heat capacity
Generation of a Magnetic Field - Within a Solid Material
Extrinsic Semiconductors
Slip Bands
29. High toughness; material resists crack propagation.
High impact energy
Why do ceramics have larger bonding energy?
Domains in Ferromagnetic & Ferrimagnetic Materials
Superconductivity
30. 1. Necking 2. Cavity formation 3. Cavity coalescence to form cracks 4. Crack propagation (growth) 5. Fracture
Domains in Ferromagnetic & Ferrimagnetic Materials
Stages of Failure: Ductile Fracture
Yield and Reliability
Refraction
31. Width of smallest feature obtainable on Si surface
Iron-Silicon Alloy in Transformer Cores
Incident Light
Holloman Equation
Linewidth
32. Specular: light reflecting off a mirror (average) - Diffuse: light reflecting off a white wall (local)
Two kinds of Reflection
Hardness
Modulus of Rupture (MOR)
Luminescence
33. Cracks pass through grains - often along specific crystal planes.
Hard Magnetic Materials
Extrinsic Semiconductors
Engineering Fracture Performance
Transgranular Fracture
34. Measures impact energy 1. Strike a notched sample with an anvil 2. Measure how far the anvil travels following impact 3. Distance traveled is related to energy required to break the sample 4. Very high rate of loading. Makes materials more "brittle."
Impact - Toughness
Charpy or Izod test
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD's)
Elastic Deformation
35. Different orientation of cleavage planes in grains.
Why fracture surfaces have faceted texture
Brittle Fracture
Impact energy
Film Deposition
36. ...occurs in bcc metals but not in fcc metals.
Coherent
Linewidth
Why fracture surfaces have faceted texture
Where does DBTT occur?
37. Rho=F/A - tau=G/A . Depending on what angle the force is applied - and what angle the crystal is at - it takes different amounts of force to induce plastic deformation.
Plastic Deformation (Metals)
True Strain
Shear and Tensile Stress
What do magnetic moments arise from?
38. A parallel-plate capacitor involves an insulator - or dielectric - between two metal electrodes. The charge density buildup at the capacitor surface is related to the dielectric constant of the material.
Holloman Equation
Refraction
Ductile Materials
Insulators
39. If a material has ________ - then the field generated by those moments must be added to the induced field.
How an LCD works
Magnetic Storage
Reflection of Light for Metals
Internal magnetic moments
40. Occurs at a single pore or other solid by refraction n = 1 for pore (air) n > 1 for the solid - n ~ 1.5 for glass - Scattering effect is maximized by pore/particle size within 400-700 nm range - Reason for Opacity in ceramics - glasses and polymers.
Thermal expansion
Specific Heat
Superconductivity
Scattering
41. (sigma)=F/Ai (rho)=(rho)'(1+(epsilon))
Brittle Fracture
Stress Intensity Factor
True Stress
Thermal Conductivity
42. Degree of opacity depends on size and number of particles - Opacity of metals is the result of conduction electrons absorbing photons in the visible range.
Specific Heat
Impact energy
Scattering
Opacity
43. Emitted light is in phase
Griffith Crack Model
Large Hardness
Coherent
Refraction
44. Digitalized data in the form of electrical signals are transferred to and recorded digitally on a magnetic medium (tape or disk) - This transference is accomplished by a recording system that consists of a read/write head - "write" or record data by
Ductile Fracture
Stress Intensity values
Opaque
Magnetic Storage
45. heat flux = -(thermal conductivity)(temperature gradient) - Defines heat transfer by CONDUCTION
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
46. Diffuse image
Translucent
To improve fatigue life
Thermal Shock Resistance
Luminescence examples
47. 1. Fluorescent Lamp - tungstate or silicate coating on inside of tube emits white light due to UV light generated inside the tube. 2. TV screen - emits light as electron beam is scanned back and forth.
Etching
Shear and Tensile Stress
Luminescence examples
Soft Magnetic Materials
48. 1. Metals: Thermal energy puts many electrons into a higher energy state. 2. Energy States: Nearby energy states are accessible by thermal fluctuations.
Conduction & Electron Transport
Two ways to measure heat capacity
Ductile Fracture
Force Decomposition
49. The ability of a material to be rapidly cooled and not fracture
Thermal Shock Resistance
Incoherent
Color
Work Hardening
50. They are used to assess properties of ceramics & glasses.
Pure Semiconductors: Conductivity vs. T
Magnetic Storage
Luminescence examples
Bending tests