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Engineering Materials

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dramatic change in impact energy is associated with a change in fracture mode from brittle to ductile.






2. 1. Yield = ratio of functional chips to total # of chips - Most yield loss during wafer processing - b/c of complex 2. Reliability - No device has infinite lifetime. Statistical methods to predict expected lifetime - Failure mechanisms: Diffusion reg






3. Allows you to calculate what happened G=F' x cos(lambda) - F=F' x cos(phi)






4. Diffuse image






5. Transmitted light distorts electron clouds - The velocity of light in a material is lower than in a vacuum - Adding large ions to glass decreases the speed of light in the glass - Light can be "bent" (or refracted) as it passes through a transparent






6. Occur when lots of dislocations move.






7. 1. Hard disk drives (granular/perpendicular media) 2. Recording tape (particulate media)






8. 1. Stress-strain behavior is not usually determined via tensile tests 2. Material fails before it yields 3. Bend/flexure tests are often used instead.






9. Plastic means permanent! When a small load is applied - bonds stretch & planes shear. Then when the load is no longer applied - the planes are still sheared.






10. 1. Diamagnetic (Xm ~ 10^-5) - small and negative magnetic susceptibilities 2. Paramagnetic (Xm ~ 10^-4) - small and positive magnetic susceptibilities 3. Ferromagnetic - large magnetic susceptibilities 4. Ferrimagnetic (Xm as large as 10^6) - large m






11. Ability to transmit a clear image - The image is clear.






12. Elastic means reversible! This is not a permanent deformation.






13. Small Coercivities - Used for electric motors - Example: commercial iron 99.95 Fe






14. High toughness; material resists crack propagation.






15. Specular: light reflecting off a mirror (average) - Diffuse: light reflecting off a white wall (local)






16. Emitted light is in phase






17. -> fluorescent light - electron transitions occur randomly - light waves are out of phase with each other.






18. The ability of a material to transport heat - Atomic Perspective: Atomic vibrations and free electrons in hotter regions transport energy to cooler regions - Metals have the largest values






19. A three terminal device that acts like a simple "on-off" switch. (the basis of Integrated Circuits (IC) technology - used in computers - cell phones - automotive control - etc) - If voltage (potential) applied to the "gate" - current flows between th






20. A high index of refraction (n value) allows for multiple internal reactions.






21. Is analogous to toughness.






22. Undergo little or no plastic deformation.






23. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation






24. Hardness is the resistance of a material to deformation by indentation - Useful in quality control - Hardness can provide a qualitative assessment of strength - Hardness cannot be used to quantitatively infer strength or ductility.






25. Cp: Heat capacity at constant pressure Cv: Heat capacity at constant volume.






26. (sigma)=F/Ai (rho)=(rho)'(1+(epsilon))






27. These are liquid crystal polymers- not your normal "crystal" -Rigid - rod shaped molecules are aligned even in liquid form.

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28. Degree of opacity depends on size and number of particles - Opacity of metals is the result of conduction electrons absorbing photons in the visible range.






29. Measures Hardness - No major sample damage - Each scales runs to 130 but only useful in range 20-100 - Minor load is 10 kg - Major load: 60 kg (diamond) - 100 kg (1/16 in. ball) - 150 kg (diamond)






30. Measures impact energy 1. Strike a notched sample with an anvil 2. Measure how far the anvil travels following impact 3. Distance traveled is related to energy required to break the sample 4. Very high rate of loading. Makes materials more "brittle."






31. For a metal - there is no ______ - only reflection






32. Cracks pass through grains - often along specific crystal planes.






33. Measures Hardness 1. psia = 500 x HB 2. MPa = 3.45 x HB






34. Sigma=ln(li/lo)






35. Growing interconnections to connect devices -Low electrical resistance - good adhesion to dielectric insulators.






36. Allows flow of electrons in one direction only (useful to convert alternating current to direct current) - Result: no net current flow






37. Transformer cores require soft magnetic materials - which are easily magnetized and de-magnetized - and have high electrical resistivity - Energy losses in transformers could be minimized if their cores were fabricated such that the easy magnetizatio






38. # of thermally generated electrons = # of holes (broken bonds)






39. Metals are good conductors since their _______is only partially filled.






40. Without passing a current a continually varying magnetic field will cause a current to flow






41. If a material has ________ - then the field generated by those moments must be added to the induced field.






42. Defines the ability of a material to resist fracture even when a flaw exists - Directly depends on size of flaw and material properties - K(ic) is a materials constant






43. Dimples on fracture surface correspond to microcavities that initiate crack formation.






44. A parallel-plate capacitor involves an insulator - or dielectric - between two metal electrodes. The charge density buildup at the capacitor surface is related to the dielectric constant of the material.






45. Digitalized data in the form of electrical signals are transferred to and recorded digitally on a magnetic medium (tape or disk) - This transference is accomplished by a recording system that consists of a read/write head - "write" or record data by






46. A measure of the ease with which a B field can be induced inside a material.






47. Increase temperature - no increase in interatomic separation - no thermal expansion






48. These materials are "attracted" to magnetic fields.






49. Occurs at a single pore or other solid by refraction n = 1 for pore (air) n > 1 for the solid - n ~ 1.5 for glass - Scattering effect is maximized by pore/particle size within 400-700 nm range - Reason for Opacity in ceramics - glasses and polymers.






50. Increase temperature - increase in interatomic separation - thermal expansion