SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Engineering Materials
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allows flow of electrons in one direction only (useful to convert alternating current to direct current) - Result: no net current flow
Metallization
Magnetic Storage Media Types
Refraction
IC Devices: P-N Rectifying Junction
2. The ability of a material to transport heat - Atomic Perspective: Atomic vibrations and free electrons in hotter regions transport energy to cooler regions - Metals have the largest values
Work Hardening
Thermal Conductivity
Linewidth
Response to a Magnetic Field
3. Sigma=ln(li/lo)
True Strain
Hysteresis and Permanent Magnetization
IC Devices: P-N Rectifying Junction
HB (Brinell Hardness)
4. No appreciable plastic deformation. The crack propagates very fast; nearly perpendicular to applied stress. Cracks often propagate along specific crystal planes or boundaries.
Fourier's Law
Specific Heat
Brittle Fracture
IC Devices: P-N Rectifying Junction
5. Measures Hardness 1. psia = 500 x HB 2. MPa = 3.45 x HB
Extrinsic Semiconductors
Ductile-to-Brittle Transition
Opaque
HB (Brinell Hardness)
6. 1. Diamagnetic (Xm ~ 10^-5) - small and negative magnetic susceptibilities 2. Paramagnetic (Xm ~ 10^-4) - small and positive magnetic susceptibilities 3. Ferromagnetic - large magnetic susceptibilities 4. Ferrimagnetic (Xm as large as 10^6) - large m
4 Types of Magnetism
Pure Semiconductors: Conductivity vs. T
Color
Thermal Conductivity
7. Different orientation of cleavage planes in grains.
Why fracture surfaces have faceted texture
High impact energy
The Transistor
Film Deposition
8. 1. Data for Pure Silicon - electrical conductivity increases with T - opposite to metals
Specific Heat
True Strain
Pure Semiconductors: Conductivity vs. T
Intergranular Fracture
9. They are used to assess properties of ceramics & glasses.
Large Hardness
Reflection of Light for Metals
Bending tests
Generation of a Magnetic Field - Within a Solid Material
10. Hardness is the resistance of a material to deformation by indentation - Useful in quality control - Hardness can provide a qualitative assessment of strength - Hardness cannot be used to quantitatively infer strength or ductility.
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Soft Magnetic Materials
Holloman Equation
Hardness
11. Dimples on fracture surface correspond to microcavities that initiate crack formation.
True Stress
Thermal Shock Resistance
Ductile Fracture
Transgranular Fracture
12. Found in 26 metals and hundreds of alloys & compounds - Tc= critical temperature = termperature below which material is superconductive.
Linewidth
Reflection of Light for Metals
Superconductivity
Lithography
13. Emitted light is in phase
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD's)
Coherent
M is known as what?
Elastic Deformation
14. -> fluorescent light - electron transitions occur randomly - light waves are out of phase with each other.
Intrinsic Semiconductors
Electromigration
Incoherent
Griffith Crack Model
15. Increase temperature - increase in interatomic separation - thermal expansion
Iron-Silicon Alloy in Transformer Cores
Magnetic Storage Media Types
Thermal Expansion: Asymmetric curve
Electromigration
16. Increase temperature - no increase in interatomic separation - no thermal expansion
Thermal Expansion: Symmetric curve
Griffith Crack Model
Specific Heat
Yield and Reliability
17. Energy is stored as atomic vibrations - As temperature increases - the average energy of atomic vibrations increases.
Intergranular Fracture
Work Hardening
Heat Capacity from an Atomic Prospective
Plastic Deformation (Metals)
18. A measure of the ease with which a B field can be induced inside a material.
Thermal Expansion: Asymmetric curve
Relative Permeability
Opaque
Two kinds of Reflection
19. These materials are relatively unaffected by magnetic fields.
True Stress
Incident Light
Diamagnetic Materials
Thermal Expansion: Asymmetric curve
20. 1. Tc= critical temperature- if T>Tc not superconducting 2. Jc= critical current density - if J>Jc not superconducting 3. Hc= critical magnetic field - if H > Hc not superconducting
Insulators
Critical Properties of Superconductive Materials
Superconductivity
Thermal Conductivity
21. 1. Metals: Thermal energy puts many electrons into a higher energy state. 2. Energy States: Nearby energy states are accessible by thermal fluctuations.
Shear and Tensile Stress
4 Types of Magnetism
Reflection of Light for Metals
Conduction & Electron Transport
22. 1. Yield = ratio of functional chips to total # of chips - Most yield loss during wafer processing - b/c of complex 2. Reliability - No device has infinite lifetime. Statistical methods to predict expected lifetime - Failure mechanisms: Diffusion reg
Yield and Reliability
Luminescence examples
Critical Properties of Superconductive Materials
There is no perfect material?
23. The size of the material changes with a change in temperature - polymers have the largest values
Why fracture surfaces have faceted texture
Electrical Conduction
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
The Transistor
24. These are liquid crystal polymers- not your normal "crystal" -Rigid - rod shaped molecules are aligned even in liquid form.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
25. Specular: light reflecting off a mirror (average) - Diffuse: light reflecting off a white wall (local)
Oxidation
Ductile Materials
Two kinds of Reflection
Opaque
26. The Magnetization of the material - and is essentially the dipole moment per unit volume. It is proportional to the applied field. Xm is the magnetic susceptibility.
Incoherent
The Transistor
M is known as what?
Modulus of Rupture (MOR)
27. Is reflected - absorbed - scattered - and/or transmitted: Io=It+Ia+Ir+Is
How to gage the extent of plastic deformation
Incident Light
Elastic Deformation
Holloman Equation
28. Undergo little or no plastic deformation.
Energy States: Insulators and Semiconductors
Sparkle of Diamonds
Dependence of Heat Capacity on Temperature
Brittle Materials
29. 1. Ability of the material to absorb energy prior to fracture 2. Short term dynamic stressing - Car collisions - Bullets - Athletic equipment 3. This is different than toughness; energy necessary to push a crack (flaw) through a material 4. Useful in
Extrinsic Semiconductors
Impact - Toughness
Holloman Equation
How to gage the extent of plastic deformation
30. Transformer cores require soft magnetic materials - which are easily magnetized and de-magnetized - and have high electrical resistivity - Energy losses in transformers could be minimized if their cores were fabricated such that the easy magnetizatio
Critical Properties of Superconductive Materials
Luminescence examples
Iron-Silicon Alloy in Transformer Cores
Brittle Materials
31. If a material has ________ - then the field generated by those moments must be added to the induced field.
Coherent
Internal magnetic moments
Thermal Expansion: Symmetric curve
Stress Intensity values
32. Becomes harder (more strain) to stretch (elongate)
Opaque
Work Hardening
Two ways to measure heat capacity
Conduction & Electron Transport
33. Not ALL the light is refracted - SOME is reflected. Materials with a high index of refraction also have high reflectance - High R is bad for lens applications - since this leads to undesirable light losses or interference.
Brittle Fracture
How an LCD works
Plastic Deformation (Metals)
Reflectance of Non-Metals
34. 1. General yielding occurs if flaw size a < a(critical) 2. Catastrophic fast fracture occurs if flaw size a > a(critical)
Color
Elastic Deformation
Not severe
Engineering Fracture Performance
35. As the applied field (H) increases the magnetic domains change shape and size by movement of domain boundaries.
Domains in Ferromagnetic & Ferrimagnetic Materials
Charpy or Izod test
Refraction
Why materials fail in service
36. Growth of an oxide layer by the reaction of oxygen with the substrate - Provides dopant masking and device isolation - IC technology uses 1. Thermal grown oxidation (dry) 2. Wet Oxidation 3. Selective Oxidation
Dependence of Heat Capacity on Temperature
Luminescence examples
Engineering Fracture Performance
Oxidation
37. Because of ionic & covalent-type bonding.
Why do ceramics have larger bonding energy?
Iron-Silicon Alloy in Transformer Cores
Bending tests
Opacity
38. With Increasing temperature - the saturation magnetization diminishes gradually and then abruptly drops to zero at Curie Temperature - Tc.
Influence of Temperature on Magnetic Behavior
Hard Magnetic Materials
Soft Magnetic Materials
Iron-Silicon Alloy in Transformer Cores
39. Ability to transmit a clear image - The image is clear.
Why materials fail in service
Magnetic Storage
Sparkle of Diamonds
Transparent
40. heat flux = -(thermal conductivity)(temperature gradient) - Defines heat transfer by CONDUCTION
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
41. Dramatic change in impact energy is associated with a change in fracture mode from brittle to ductile.
Diamagnetic Materials
Two ways to measure heat capacity
Ductile-to-Brittle Transition
Force Decomposition
42. Digitalized data in the form of electrical signals are transferred to and recorded digitally on a magnetic medium (tape or disk) - This transference is accomplished by a recording system that consists of a read/write head - "write" or record data by
HB (Brinell Hardness)
Thermal expansion
Magnetic Storage
Oxidation
43. Small Coercivities - Used for electric motors - Example: commercial iron 99.95 Fe
Soft Magnetic Materials
Internal magnetic moments
Impact - Toughness
Work Hardening
44. # of thermally generated electrons = # of holes (broken bonds)
How an LCD works
There is no perfect material?
Intrinsic Semiconductors
Refraction
45. 1. Electron motions 2. The spins on electrons - Net atomic magnetic moment: sum of moments from all electrons.
What do magnetic moments arise from?
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD's)
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Internal magnetic moments
46. These materials are "attracted" to magnetic fields.
Why do ceramics have larger bonding energy?
Paramagnetic Materials
Transparent
Extrinsic Semiconductors
47. 1. Imperfections increase resistivity - grain boundaries - dislocations - impurity atoms - vacancies 2. Resistivity - increases with temperature - wt% impurity - and %CW
Electrical Conduction
True Strain
Extrinsic Semiconductors
Metals: Resistivity vs. T - Impurities
48. Another optical property - Depends on the wavelength of the visible spectrum.
Two ways to measure heat capacity
Color
Iron-Silicon Alloy in Transformer Cores
True Stress
49. Wet: isotropic - under cut Dry: ansiotropic - directional
Etching
Rockwell
Color
4 Types of Magnetism
50. Metals are good conductors since their _______is only partially filled.
Charpy or Izod test
True Strain
Valence band
Brittle Materials