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Engineering Materials

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stress concentration at a crack tips






2. Superconductors expel magnetic fields - This is why a superconductor will float above a magnet.






3. Typical loading conditions are _____ enough to break all inter-atomic bonds






4. Reflectiviy is between 0.90 and 0.95 - Metal surfaces appear shiny - Most of absorbed light is reflected at the same wavelength (NO REFRACTION) - Small fraction of light may be absorbed - Color of reflected light depends on wavelength distribution of






5. 1. Ability of the material to absorb energy prior to fracture 2. Short term dynamic stressing - Car collisions - Bullets - Athletic equipment 3. This is different than toughness; energy necessary to push a crack (flaw) through a material 4. Useful in






6. - A magnetic field is induced in the material B= Magnetic Induction (tesla) inside the material mu= permeability of a solid






7. Undergo extensive plastic deformation prior to failure.






8. Different orientation of cleavage planes in grains.






9. They are used to assess properties of ceramics & glasses.






10. The size of the material changes with a change in temperature - polymers have the largest values






11. ...occurs in bcc metals but not in fcc metals.






12. Wet: isotropic - under cut Dry: ansiotropic - directional






13. Large coercivities - Used for permanent magnets - Add particles/voids to inhibit domain wall motion - Example: tungsten steel






14. Degree of opacity depends on size and number of particles - Opacity of metals is the result of conduction electrons absorbing photons in the visible range.






15. Transformer cores require soft magnetic materials - which are easily magnetized and de-magnetized - and have high electrical resistivity - Energy losses in transformers could be minimized if their cores were fabricated such that the easy magnetizatio






16. With Increasing temperature - the saturation magnetization diminishes gradually and then abruptly drops to zero at Curie Temperature - Tc.






17. heat flux = -(thermal conductivity)(temperature gradient) - Defines heat transfer by CONDUCTION

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18. Digitalized data in the form of electrical signals are transferred to and recorded digitally on a magnetic medium (tape or disk) - This transference is accomplished by a recording system that consists of a read/write head - "write" or record data by






19. Elastic means reversible! This is not a permanent deformation.






20. Emitted light is in phase






21. Measures Hardness 1. psia = 500 x HB 2. MPa = 3.45 x HB






22. Growing interconnections to connect devices -Low electrical resistance - good adhesion to dielectric insulators.






23. Increase temperature - increase in interatomic separation - thermal expansion






24. Created by current through a coil N= total number of turns L= length of turns (m) I= current (ampere) H= applied magnetic field (ampere-turns/m) Bo= magnetic flux density in a vacuum (tesla)






25. - The emission of light from a substance due to the absorption of energy. (Could be radiation - mechanical - or chemical energy. Could also be energetic particles.) - Traps and activator levels are produced by impurity additions to the material - Whe






26. Increase temperature - no increase in interatomic separation - no thermal expansion






27. High toughness; material resists crack propagation.






28. 1. Data for Pure Silicon - electrical conductivity increases with T - opposite to metals






29. Without passing a current a continually varying magnetic field will cause a current to flow






30. Allows flow of electrons in one direction only (useful to convert alternating current to direct current) - Result: no net current flow






31. Dimples on fracture surface correspond to microcavities that initiate crack formation.






32. 1. Imperfections increase resistivity - grain boundaries - dislocations - impurity atoms - vacancies 2. Resistivity - increases with temperature - wt% impurity - and %CW






33. Occur when lots of dislocations move.






34. Defines the ability of a material to resist fracture even when a flaw exists - Directly depends on size of flaw and material properties - K(ic) is a materials constant






35. Liquid polymer at room T - sandwiched between two sheets of glass - coated with transparent - electrically conductive film. - Character forming letters/ numbers etched on the face - Voltage applied disrupts the orientation of the rod- shaped molecule






36. The ability of a material to absorb heat - Quantitatively: The energy required to produce a unit rise in temperature for one mole of a material.






37. Is analogous to toughness.






38. Measures Hardness - No major sample damage - Each scales runs to 130 but only useful in range 20-100 - Minor load is 10 kg - Major load: 60 kg (diamond) - 100 kg (1/16 in. ball) - 150 kg (diamond)






39. Process by which geometric patterns are transferred from a mask (reticle) to a surface of a chip to form the device.






40. Metals are good conductors since their _______is only partially filled.






41. Dramatic change in impact energy is associated with a change in fracture mode from brittle to ductile.






42. Hardness is the resistance of a material to deformation by indentation - Useful in quality control - Hardness can provide a qualitative assessment of strength - Hardness cannot be used to quantitatively infer strength or ductility.






43. 1. Insulators: Higher energy states NOT ACCESSIBLE due to gap 2. Semiconductors: Higher energy states separated by a smaller gap.






44. (sigma)=F/Ai (rho)=(rho)'(1+(epsilon))






45. Rho=F/A - tau=G/A . Depending on what angle the force is applied - and what angle the crystal is at - it takes different amounts of force to induce plastic deformation.






46. If a material has ________ - then the field generated by those moments must be added to the induced field.






47. Width of smallest feature obtainable on Si surface






48. There is always some statistical distribution of flaws or defects.






49. Transmitted light distorts electron clouds - The velocity of light in a material is lower than in a vacuum - Adding large ions to glass decreases the speed of light in the glass - Light can be "bent" (or refracted) as it passes through a transparent






50. Diffuse image






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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