SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
ENT/Respiratory
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
emt
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Special cases of sinusitis?
Macrolides (azithormycin); Doxycycline; TMZ-SMZ
Rebound congestion 3-5 days
Persistent or relapse of infection - chronic sinusitis - fungal infection - extension in CNS (meningitis - orbital cellulitis - osteitis)
NSAIDs for aches - fever; Sympathomimetics: pseudophedrine or phenylephrine
2. What is most common age range for otitis?
Palpation: chest wall for tenderness; tactile fremitus - asymmetric chest wall expansion; Percussion: resonant vs. tympany vs dullness; Auscultation: cough or adventious sounds - lung sounds - pleural friction rubs
3 months to 3 years old
Deep - rapid - labored - breathing
PE: rhinoscopy with otoscope
3. Bronchial breath sounds...
Hardher and more turbulent
Chest-X-Ray: (ABCDEFG) Airways and lung fields; bone and soft tissue - cardiac contour and mediastinum; diaphragms and costophrenic angles; exam technique; foreign bodies - tubes - and wires; gastric air bubble
Fine or courses; secretions or aveolar collapse; normal if resovle with cough; abnormal: pneumonia; CHF; COPD; pilmonary fibrosis
TM erythmatous - bulging - light reflex displaced - exudate
4. What is the most common pathogen for otitis in newborns?
Hardher and more turbulent
Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
E. coli
Viral inoculation > viral rhinitis > infection of paranasal sinuses > inflammation & edema > mucosal edema - copious secretions - ciliary dyskinesia > sinus congestions and/or obstruction
5. Common cold pathogens
Is the process upper or lower respiratory system - or both? Is the diagnostic workup necessary or can you initiate empiric treatment? Are antibiotics indicated?If so which ones and for how long? Can this patient be treated in the outpatients setting
TM erythmatous - bulging - light reflex displaced - exudate
Ear ache - dullness - hearing loss - fever - N/V/D
Rhinovirus - influenza - and parainfluenza
6. Diagnostics of sinusitis?
PE: rhinoscopy with otoscope
High pitched sounds; can occur during inspiration or expiration; indicates narrow airways; can occur with asthma - COPD - pneumonia - CHF
Augementin 2000/124 mg bid for 5-7 days - Peds: 90 mg/kg/day po in divided doses
Abrupt onset - burning nose or throat - sneezing - rhinorrhea
7. Symptoms of viral rhinosinusitis
Sore throat; nasal congestion; sections mucopurulent/clear; fullness in sinuses and ears; low grade fever; peaks 3-5 days; occasional cough; itchy nose - eyes - throat;
Persistent or relapse of infection - chronic sinusitis - fungal infection - extension in CNS (meningitis - orbital cellulitis - osteitis)
Ear ache - dullness - hearing loss - fever - N/V/D
Assess how fast a patient can expire in a second (FEV1) - FEV is the amount of air that normal lung can hold - FEV1 is reduced in asthma and COPD - FEV is reduced when there is restriction of the chest wall
8. Crackles (rales)
24-72 hrs
Pulse ox; Peak expiratory flow; spirometry
Fine or courses; secretions or aveolar collapse; normal if resovle with cough; abnormal: pneumonia; CHF; COPD; pilmonary fibrosis
Warm - humid environment; rest;
9. Wheezes
High pitched sounds; can occur during inspiration or expiration; indicates narrow airways; can occur with asthma - COPD - pneumonia - CHF
Rhinovirus - influenza - and parainfluenza
Step. pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; group B-strep
HEENT: rhinoscopy - sinus tenderness - lymphnodes - transillumination of sinuses - CV and PULM.
10. Symptoms of acute bacterial rhino-sinusitis (ABRS)?
Aspirin: increases viral shedding
Clubbing - Use of accessory muscles - barrel chest
4-12 weeks
Purulent discharge - post nasal draiange; cough; sinus pressure - tooth pain; halitosis (changes in taste); alterations of smell
11. Tx for adult AOM?
Deep - snoring sound; indicates fluid or narrowing of airways; common in bronchitis and COPD
Rhinovirus - influenza - and parainfluenza
Amoxicillin 1000 mg TID x7 days; Augmentin 2000/125mg BID x7 days
Labs: CBC - blood gas - d-dimer - CMP - BNP - Chest CT - MRI
12. What is the most common pahtogen for otitis media?
Inflammation of the nasal cavity
Decongestants (oxymetazoline); glucocorticoids (e.g. fluticasone); mucolytics (e.g. guaifensin)
Step. pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; group B-strep
Deep - rapid - labored - breathing
13. Subacute rhino-sinusitis duration of symptoms?
Increased loudness of whispering during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Purulent discharge - post nasal draiange; cough; sinus pressure - tooth pain; halitosis (changes in taste); alterations of smell
4-12 weeks
24-72 hrs
14. Stridor
Afebrile viral infection of the the nose - paranasal sinuses - throat - larynx - trachea - and and bronchi.
Amoxicillin 1000 mg TID x7 days; Augmentin 2000/125mg BID x7 days
Abnormal high pitched caused by blockage in upper airway; usually heard with with inspiration
Inflammation of the nasal cavity
15. Sinusitis
Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
<4 weeks
Severe dyspnea when lying supine with associated wheezing and coughing - need to sit up abruptly due to severe dyspnea
Increased breath sounds or voice remains loud at the periphery during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
16. What are physical exam findings of AOM?
Pulse ox; Peak expiratory flow; spirometry
24-72 hrs
Macrolides (azithormycin); Doxycycline; TMZ-SMZ
TM erythmatous - bulging - light reflex displaced - exudate
17. Which Rx should not be used for viral URI?
Nasal polyps - deviated septum - hx of trauma - surgery - foreign bodies or recent altitude changes
Aspirin: increases viral shedding
Increased breath sounds or voice remains loud at the periphery during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Symptomatic (steam; nasal irrigation); APAP for pain.
18. Common cold symptoms
Purulent discharge - post nasal draiange; cough; sinus pressure - tooth pain; halitosis (changes in taste); alterations of smell
Chest-X-Ray: (ABCDEFG) Airways and lung fields; bone and soft tissue - cardiac contour and mediastinum; diaphragms and costophrenic angles; exam technique; foreign bodies - tubes - and wires; gastric air bubble
Macrolides (azithormycin); Doxycycline; TMZ-SMZ
Abrupt onset - burning nose or throat - sneezing - rhinorrhea
19. Cold incubation period
Severe dyspnea when lying supine with associated wheezing and coughing - need to sit up abruptly due to severe dyspnea
24-72 hrs
High pitched sounds; can occur during inspiration or expiration; indicates narrow airways; can occur with asthma - COPD - pneumonia - CHF
Step. pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; group B-strep
20. Rhinitis
Inflammation of the nasal cavity
Is the process upper or lower respiratory system - or both? Is the diagnostic workup necessary or can you initiate empiric treatment? Are antibiotics indicated?If so which ones and for how long? Can this patient be treated in the outpatients setting
Clubbing - Use of accessory muscles - barrel chest
Palpation: chest wall for tenderness; tactile fremitus - asymmetric chest wall expansion; Percussion: resonant vs. tympany vs dullness; Auscultation: cough or adventious sounds - lung sounds - pleural friction rubs
21. Whispered pectoriloguy
Increased loudness of whispering during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Purulent discharge - post nasal draiange; cough; sinus pressure - tooth pain; halitosis (changes in taste); alterations of smell
Abrupt onset - burning nose or throat - sneezing - rhinorrhea
Amoxicillin 80-90mg/kg/day x7 days; Augmentin 90/6.4 mg/kg/day x7 days
22. Proxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Severe dyspnea when lying supine with associated wheezing and coughing - need to sit up abruptly due to severe dyspnea
Afebrile viral infection of the the nose - paranasal sinuses - throat - larynx - trachea - and and bronchi.
Viral inoculation > viral rhinitis > infection of paranasal sinuses > inflammation & edema > mucosal edema - copious secretions - ciliary dyskinesia > sinus congestions and/or obstruction
3 months to 3 years old
23. Orthopnea
<4 weeks
92-100%
Severe dyspnea when lying supine with associated wheezing and coughing - need to sit up abruptly due to severe dyspnea
Dyspnea when supine - relived by sitting or standing
24. Rhinosinusitis physical exam?
Symptomatic (steam; nasal irrigation); APAP for pain.
Sore throat; nasal congestion; sections mucopurulent/clear; fullness in sinuses and ears; low grade fever; peaks 3-5 days; occasional cough; itchy nose - eyes - throat;
Bacterial infection
HEENT: rhinoscopy - sinus tenderness - lymphnodes - transillumination of sinuses - CV and PULM.
25. Acute rhino-sinusitis duration of symptoms?
Aspirin: Reye's Syndrome
<4 weeks
Clubbing - Use of accessory muscles - barrel chest
Viral inoculation > viral rhinitis > infection of paranasal sinuses > inflammation & edema > mucosal edema - copious secretions - ciliary dyskinesia > sinus congestions and/or obstruction
26. Cheyne-stokes
Rate; pattern (regular or irregular); effort (labored - accessory muscles)
Abrupt onset - burning nose or throat - sneezing - rhinorrhea
Augementin 2000/124 mg bid for 5-7 days - Peds: 90 mg/kg/day po in divided doses
Apena alternating with hyperpnea;
27. Spirometry
Assess how fast a patient can expire in a second (FEV1) - FEV is the amount of air that normal lung can hold - FEV1 is reduced in asthma and COPD - FEV is reduced when there is restriction of the chest wall
Deep - snoring sound; indicates fluid or narrowing of airways; common in bronchitis and COPD
Increased breath sounds or voice remains loud at the periphery during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Aspirin: Reye's Syndrome
28. Pathophysiology of rhino sinusitis?
Sore throat; nasal congestion; sections mucopurulent/clear; fullness in sinuses and ears; low grade fever; peaks 3-5 days; occasional cough; itchy nose - eyes - throat;
Chest-X-Ray: (ABCDEFG) Airways and lung fields; bone and soft tissue - cardiac contour and mediastinum; diaphragms and costophrenic angles; exam technique; foreign bodies - tubes - and wires; gastric air bubble
Viral inoculation > viral rhinitis > infection of paranasal sinuses > inflammation & edema > mucosal edema - copious secretions - ciliary dyskinesia > sinus congestions and/or obstruction
Nasal polyps - deviated septum - hx of trauma - surgery - foreign bodies or recent altitude changes
29. Rhinosinusitis risk factors?
Soft sounds in and out
Increased loudness of whispering during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Measures speed of exhalation; results measure by age and weight
Nasal polyps - deviated septum - hx of trauma - surgery - foreign bodies or recent altitude changes
30. Rhonchi
Deep - snoring sound; indicates fluid or narrowing of airways; common in bronchitis and COPD
Is the process upper or lower respiratory system - or both? Is the diagnostic workup necessary or can you initiate empiric treatment? Are antibiotics indicated?If so which ones and for how long? Can this patient be treated in the outpatients setting
PE: rhinoscopy with otoscope
4-12 weeks
31. Rx for viral URI?
NSAIDs for aches - fever; Sympathomimetics: pseudophedrine or phenylephrine
Aspirin: Reye's Syndrome
Deep - snoring sound; indicates fluid or narrowing of airways; common in bronchitis and COPD
Abnormal high pitched caused by blockage in upper airway; usually heard with with inspiration
32. Respiratory Examination (Observation)
Increased loudness of whispering during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Step. pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; group B-strep
Rate; pattern (regular or irregular); effort (labored - accessory muscles)
Symptomatic (steam; nasal irrigation); APAP for pain.
33. Bronchophony
Fine or courses; secretions or aveolar collapse; normal if resovle with cough; abnormal: pneumonia; CHF; COPD; pilmonary fibrosis
Ear ache - dullness - hearing loss - fever - N/V/D
Increased breath sounds or voice remains loud at the periphery during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Deep - snoring sound; indicates fluid or narrowing of airways; common in bronchitis and COPD
34. Which Rx should not be used for viral URI pecs?
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
35. Kussmal's respiration
High pitched voice sound due to transmission of noise across fluid. Indicative of effusion.
Aspirin: Reye's Syndrome
Deep - rapid - labored - breathing
Ear ache - dullness - hearing loss - fever - N/V/D
36. Acute viral rhino-sinusitis (AVRS) pathogens?
Rhinovirus - influenza - parainfluenza
Chest-X-Ray: (ABCDEFG) Airways and lung fields; bone and soft tissue - cardiac contour and mediastinum; diaphragms and costophrenic angles; exam technique; foreign bodies - tubes - and wires; gastric air bubble
Augementin 2000/124 mg bid for 5-7 days - Peds: 90 mg/kg/day po in divided doses
Bacterial or viral infection of the middle ear (secondary to URI [e.g. eustachian tube dysfunction])
37. Alternative rx for bacterial sinusitis?
Macrolides (azithormycin); Doxycycline; TMZ-SMZ
HEENT: rhinoscopy - sinus tenderness - lymphnodes - transillumination of sinuses - CV and PULM.
Erythmatous auditory canal - crusting
NSAIDs for aches - fever; Sympathomimetics: pseudophedrine or phenylephrine
38. What does mucopurulent indications not indicate?
Bacterial infection
High pitched sounds; can occur during inspiration or expiration; indicates narrow airways; can occur with asthma - COPD - pneumonia - CHF
Symptomatic (steam; nasal irrigation); APAP for pain.
Fine or courses; secretions or aveolar collapse; normal if resovle with cough; abnormal: pneumonia; CHF; COPD; pilmonary fibrosis
39. What are the symptoms of otitis?
Ear ache - dullness - hearing loss - fever - N/V/D
Erythmatous auditory canal - crusting
3 months to 3 years old
Chest-X-Ray: (ABCDEFG) Airways and lung fields; bone and soft tissue - cardiac contour and mediastinum; diaphragms and costophrenic angles; exam technique; foreign bodies - tubes - and wires; gastric air bubble
40. Abnormal pulmonary findings?
Soft sounds in and out
Clubbing - Use of accessory muscles - barrel chest
Warm - humid environment; rest;
Aspirin: Reye's Syndrome
41. Pulmonary tests
Deep - snoring sound; indicates fluid or narrowing of airways; common in bronchitis and COPD
NSAIDs for aches - fever; Sympathomimetics: pseudophedrine or phenylephrine
Severe dyspnea when lying supine with associated wheezing and coughing - need to sit up abruptly due to severe dyspnea
Pulse ox; Peak expiratory flow; spirometry
42. Respiratory Illness Key Points (3)
HEENT: rhinoscopy - sinus tenderness - lymphnodes - transillumination of sinuses - CV and PULM.
Is the process upper or lower respiratory system - or both? Is the diagnostic workup necessary or can you initiate empiric treatment? Are antibiotics indicated?If so which ones and for how long? Can this patient be treated in the outpatients setting
Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
Pulse ox; Peak expiratory flow; spirometry
43. Rx nasal congestion?
Aspirin: increases viral shedding
Severe dyspnea when lying supine with associated wheezing and coughing - need to sit up abruptly due to severe dyspnea
Decongestants (oxymetazoline); glucocorticoids (e.g. fluticasone); mucolytics (e.g. guaifensin)
Warm - humid environment; rest;
44. Pulmonary diagnostics (1)
Increased breath sounds or voice remains loud at the periphery during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Persistent; recurrent x4/yr; severe HA; altered mental status
Chest-X-Ray: (ABCDEFG) Airways and lung fields; bone and soft tissue - cardiac contour and mediastinum; diaphragms and costophrenic angles; exam technique; foreign bodies - tubes - and wires; gastric air bubble
Abnormal high pitched caused by blockage in upper airway; usually heard with with inspiration
45. Normal pulse ox
92-100%
Amoxicillin 80-90mg/kg/day x7 days; Augmentin 90/6.4 mg/kg/day x7 days
Aspirin: increases viral shedding
>12 weeks
46. Tx for pediatric AOM?
Amoxicillin 80-90mg/kg/day x7 days; Augmentin 90/6.4 mg/kg/day x7 days
Viral inoculation > viral rhinitis > infection of paranasal sinuses > inflammation & edema > mucosal edema - copious secretions - ciliary dyskinesia > sinus congestions and/or obstruction
PE: rhinoscopy with otoscope
Increased loudness of whispering during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
47. 1st line treatment for bacterial sinusitis?
Rhinovirus - influenza - and parainfluenza
High pitched sounds; can occur during inspiration or expiration; indicates narrow airways; can occur with asthma - COPD - pneumonia - CHF
Augementin 2000/124 mg bid for 5-7 days - Peds: 90 mg/kg/day po in divided doses
Fine or courses; secretions or aveolar collapse; normal if resovle with cough; abnormal: pneumonia; CHF; COPD; pilmonary fibrosis
48. Common Cold (URI - Acute Coryza)
Afebrile viral infection of the the nose - paranasal sinuses - throat - larynx - trachea - and and bronchi.
<4 weeks
Abrupt onset - burning nose or throat - sneezing - rhinorrhea
3 months to 3 years old
49. What are physical exam findings of AOE?
Increased loudness of whispering during auscultation. Indicative of consolidation.
Aspirin: increases viral shedding
Erythmatous auditory canal - crusting
Measures speed of exhalation; results measure by age and weight
50. Physical exam of chest
Nasal congestion - HA - sinus pain - fever - sore throat - cough
Abrupt onset - burning nose or throat - sneezing - rhinorrhea
Palpation: chest wall for tenderness; tactile fremitus - asymmetric chest wall expansion; Percussion: resonant vs. tympany vs dullness; Auscultation: cough or adventious sounds - lung sounds - pleural friction rubs
Bacterial or viral infection of the middle ear (secondary to URI [e.g. eustachian tube dysfunction])