Test your basic knowledge |

Family Medicine Shelf

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the peripheral caUse of vertigo?
Triptans - ergotamine - DHE (emergency); prophylaxis- beta blockeres - tricyclic antidepressants - CCBs - anticonvulsants - serotonin antagonists - MAOIs; avoidance of stress - alcohol - caffeine - tyramine (red wine and cheese) - nitrates (cured mea
Rotator Cuff problem
Inflammation - stimulation - or destruction of the hair cells of the eighth cranial nerve
Thiazide (useful in patients without renal impairment) -SE: sex dysfxn - dyslipidemia - hyperglycemia - and elevation in uric acids

2. What does the classic ring worm lesion have?
ACEi
Furucnle
Increasing fluid (8 - 8oz glasses of water/day) -fiber
A central clear area

3. Pneumothorax - sudden sharp chest pain - preceded by viral illness
1. Abnormal host defenses 2. Altered consciousness 3. Ineffective cough 4. Abnormal mucociliary transport
Pleurisy
Impetigo
Echocardiogram

4. What type of diuretic is the most widely used for HTN? What are some SE of this drug?
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
S. Aureus
Thiazide (useful in patients without renal impairment) -SE: sex dysfxn - dyslipidemia - hyperglycemia - and elevation in uric acids
Conization (or LEEP): removeal of a portion of the cervix and thus patients are at risk of preterm labor - incompetent cervix - or cervical stenosis in future pregnancies

5. Where does the development of abnormal cervical cells begin?
Squamocolumnar junction=most common site of cervical cancer
NSAIDs - combined with ice or heat - and brief periods of rest followed by PT (maintaining ROM - flexibility - strength) -Severe: Cortisone shot
In syncopal or near syncopal patients iwth heart disease and those iwth suspected ventricular tachycardia or heart block
Streptococci

6. Carcinoma in situ is generally referred to a gynecologist and requires ______
Viral infection of the semicircular apparatus
Conization (or LEEP): removeal of a portion of the cervix and thus patients are at risk of preterm labor - incompetent cervix - or cervical stenosis in future pregnancies
Variability in the time for follicle development during the proliferative phase
The patient is seated with the head turned to the right and is quickly lowered to the supine position with the head over the edge of the examination table 30 degrees below horizontal. The test is then repeated with the head turned to the left. The te

7. History for Sinusitis

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

8. How is constipation clinically defined?
Inflammation - stimulation - or destruction of the hair cells of the eighth cranial nerve
Colposcopy - Endocervical curettage - and directed cervical biopsy
Less than 3 stools per week
Triptans - ergotamine - DHE (emergency); prophylaxis- beta blockeres - tricyclic antidepressants - CCBs - anticonvulsants - serotonin antagonists - MAOIs; avoidance of stress - alcohol - caffeine - tyramine (red wine and cheese) - nitrates (cured mea

9. PE for a patient getting an abnormal vaginal bleeding work up
Impetigo
Vital signs - orthostatic blood pressure (indicating acute bleeding) and pulse - signs of pregnancy - systemic disease - and sterile speculum and bimanual exam)
Preconception visit: up to 1 yr before conception -1st prenatal visit: 6-8wks after missed menses -Every 4 wks: up to 28 wks gestational age -Every 2 wks: up to 36 weeks gestational age -Every week: until delivery
Scleroderma/polymyositis with secondary gastroesophageal reflux

10. What does orthostatic positional changes that bring on dizziness suggest?
Pap Smear (unless recent normal pap) -CBC -Pregnancy test -Ultrasound if uterus is enlarged -Cervical culture in patients high risk of infection -Thyroid test and testing for systemic diseases
NSAIDs - combined with ice or heat - and brief periods of rest followed by PT (maintaining ROM - flexibility - strength) -Severe: Cortisone shot
Bulk forming agents -Osmotic laxatives -Stimulant laxatives -Stool Softeners -Suppositories -Enemas
Dehydration - anemia - cardiac causes

11. Describe the Hx for a patient getting an abnormal vaginal bleeding work-up
Repeat Pap after infection treated
Hx: Onset of menarche and duration and frequency of the menstrual period - Bleeding pattern - hx of liver - renal - thyroid disease - Use of anticoags - oral contraception - hormone replacement - ROS: weight change - hirsutism (indicating PCOS=LH:FSH
Genetic screening - medical assessment for chronic diseases - screening for infectious diseases - and updating of immunizations - advice on proper nutrition and exercise - help with quitting unhealthy habits - and advice on avoiding environmental haz
FSH released by the pitu stimulates a primary ovarian follicle to release estrogen - which stops menses and stimulates the endometrium

12. Treatment for supraventricular tachycardias
Meclizine - dimenhydrinate - antiemetics - and benzodiazepines
High blood pressure - focal neurologic defecit - or papilledema
Warts
BB or CCB - catheter ablation of identified bypass tract

13. Name the skin lesion: honey colored crusts
Impetigo
Associated with hypotension
Genetic screening - medical assessment for chronic diseases - screening for infectious diseases - and updating of immunizations - advice on proper nutrition and exercise - help with quitting unhealthy habits - and advice on avoiding environmental haz
Analgesic headache

14. What hypertension medications should be avoided in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy?
Reduce symptoms - prevent complications - improve survival-diuretics - ACE inhibitors (slow progression of heart failure - decrease the number of hospitalizations and decrease mortality) - beta blockers (decrease mortality and sudden death) - spirono
Conization (or LEEP): removeal of a portion of the cervix and thus patients are at risk of preterm labor - incompetent cervix - or cervical stenosis in future pregnancies
ACEi - ARBS - thiazide diuretics
Male - report irregular heartbeat Sx duration >5min - hx of heart disease

15. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: dysphagia - assoc. with ingestion
SITS: Supraspinatus - Infraspinatus - Teres Minor - Subscapularis
1. Watery - noninflammatory diarrhea 2. Inflammatory diarrhea with the presence of either blood or WBC in stool
A central clear area
Medication or chemical esophagitis

16. Name the diagnosis: A short PR interval and delta wave on ECG; assoc. with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias
It is a test for BPV. Rotate the patients through a series of positions in an attempt to relocate the debris in the semicircular canal into the vestibule of the labyrinth.
The patient is seated with the head turned to the right and is quickly lowered to the supine position with the head over the edge of the examination table 30 degrees below horizontal. The test is then repeated with the head turned to the left. The te
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Upper sternal area burning pain - associated with a productive cough

17. What are the features of glomerular nephritis
RBC casts and old to moderate HTN
Headache of recent onset (<6 months) -headache beginning after 50 years of age -worsening headaches -headache that does not fit primary headache pattern -associated seizure -focal neurologic signs or symptoms -personality change-severe headaches unre
Kids: Rotavirus Adults: Norwalk Virus
It is a test for BPV. Rotate the patients through a series of positions in an attempt to relocate the debris in the semicircular canal into the vestibule of the labyrinth.

18. What are the signs of acute sinusitis?
Cardiomeagly -redistribution of vascular markings -prominent interstitial markings -Kerley B lines -perihilar haziness -pleural effusions
Fever with frontal or maxillary tenderness
FSH released by the pitu stimulates a primary ovarian follicle to release estrogen - which stops menses and stimulates the endometrium
Rotator Cuff tendonitis

19. Name the diagnosis: older patient with pain or palpation of the temporal artery? What is the definitive diagnosis?
Temporal arteritis-biopsy of the temporal artery
Peptic ulcer disease or gastritis
Coag disorders
Furucnle

20. What is the standard tool used for diagnosis of GERD?
1st enzymes to rise and remain elevated for 5 - 14days; most sensitive and specific for infarct
4 to 6 mo until 3 consecutive normal smear have been obtained *subsequent abnormal smear=colposcopy should be performed
Particulate matter or otoliths may form in the semicircular canal. The otoliths become dislodged and stimulate the sensory hair cells in the semicircular canals - leading to vertigo.
EGD

21. Name the diagnosis: a ringowrm fungi that infects and survives only on dead keratin (stratum corneum) - the hair and the nails
Other brainstem or cranial nerve findings
HPV
NSAIDs - combined with ice or heat - and brief periods of rest followed by PT (maintaining ROM - flexibility - strength) -Severe: Cortisone shot
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp

22. Name the skin lesion: small tumors of the skin that obscure normal skin lines - have a mosaic surface pattern - and may have thrombosed vessels appeairng as black dots on the surface
Impetigo
Warts
Dehydration - anemia - cardiac causes
NSAIDs block COX-1 production of prostaglandins that maintain mucosal blood flow - secretion of mucus - and bicarbonate. Without these protective factors - acid-induced inflammation and ulcers my result.

23. _____ _____ _____ are high in fiber and increase stool volume by absorbing water given to patients with constipation.
Rotator cuff tendonitis
Hx: Onset of menarche and duration and frequency of the menstrual period - Bleeding pattern - hx of liver - renal - thyroid disease - Use of anticoags - oral contraception - hormone replacement - ROS: weight change - hirsutism (indicating PCOS=LH:FSH
Bulk forming: Psyllium - Methycellulose - Polycarbophil
HIV and syphilis

24. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: severe constant mid abdominal pain
Lightheadedness - dizziness - syncope
Substernal chest tightness or pressure - that radiates to the left arm - shoulders - or jaw. Patients may also describe: diaphoresis - SOB - nausea - vomiting
Cholelithiasis
Pancreatitis

25. What are the four classes of medications that are most commonly used for 1st line agents in HTN?
Erythromycin - Macrolide (i.e. azithromycin) - Doxycyline
Diuretics -BB -CCB -ACEi
Pts with palpitations and dizziness - near syncope - or syncope
Mild dysplasia--> Carcinoma in situ-->Invasive carcinoma

26. Diagnostic Evaluation of Abnoraml vaginal bleeding
The patient is seated with the head turned to the right and is quickly lowered to the supine position with the head over the edge of the examination table 30 degrees below horizontal. The test is then repeated with the head turned to the left. The te
Infectious esophagitis
Increasing fluid (8 - 8oz glasses of water/day) -fiber
Pap Smear (unless recent normal pap) -CBC -Pregnancy test -Ultrasound if uterus is enlarged -Cervical culture in patients high risk of infection -Thyroid test and testing for systemic diseases

27. In addition to cardiac disease - chest pain could be attributed to 4 other causes. Name them
Fasting serum glucose - K+ - serum creatinine - UA - lipid profile - serum Ca2+ - uric acid
MSK - pulmonary - GI - or psychological
E. Coli O157:H7
Rotator cuff tendonitis

28. What are symptoms are CHF?
Dyspnea - orthopnea - paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - nocturia - edema - weight gain - fatigue - chest pain - abdominal pain - anorexia - mental status changes
FSH released by the pitu stimulates a primary ovarian follicle to release estrogen - which stops menses and stimulates the endometrium
CBC - UA - electrolytes - BUN - creatinine - albumin - TSH-BNP: elevated in CHF
Alters mucosal permeability and stimulates the activity of intestinal smooth muscle -Ex: Bisacodyl (dulcolax)

29. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: chest pressure - nausea - diaphoresis - palpitations
35 (exception for postmenopausal women who have recently been started on HRT)
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp
Coronary artery disease/ angina
NSAIDs block COX-1 production of prostaglandins that maintain mucosal blood flow - secretion of mucus - and bicarbonate. Without these protective factors - acid-induced inflammation and ulcers my result.

30. What is considered normal blood loss during a menstrual cycle?
Less than 80 ml of blood
Polymenorrhea
Consider AB:1st line: Amoxicillin - Cefuroxime Penicillin allergy: clarithromycin - azithromycin - trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 2nd line: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid - levofloxacin - gatifloxcin
Male - report irregular heartbeat Sx duration >5min - hx of heart disease

31. Tx of chronic or intermittent afibs
Conization (or LEEP): removeal of a portion of the cervix and thus patients are at risk of preterm labor - incompetent cervix - or cervical stenosis in future pregnancies
NSAIDs block COX-1 production of prostaglandins that maintain mucosal blood flow - secretion of mucus - and bicarbonate. Without these protective factors - acid-induced inflammation and ulcers my result.
Pediculus humanus capitis- head louse - P. humanus corporis- body louse - Phthirus pubis- pubic or crab louse
Anticoag with warfarin to prevent thromboembolism

32. What is the next best step if a patient has two or more positive dipstick tests?
A 24hr urine protein collection and urine creatinine clearance determination
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Hypertension - CAD - valvular heart disease
The patient is seated with the head turned to the right and is quickly lowered to the supine position with the head over the edge of the examination table 30 degrees below horizontal. The test is then repeated with the head turned to the left. The te

33. Hyperinsulinemia can increase vascular tone by what 4 mechanisms?
Fluoroquinolone with good activity again Pneumococcus (levofloxacin) - Macrolide - 2nd generation cephalosporin
Persistent purulent discharge - facial pain exacerbated by leaning forward - maxillary tooth ache - 'double sickening'=relapse
1)Promoting Na+retention 2) Promoting hypertrophy and hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscles through its mitogenic properties 3) Modifying ion transport - leading to increase in intracellular Ca2+ 4) Sympathetic activation
Albumin; low molecular weight proteins

34. Describe the presentation of myocardial pain?
MSK - pulmonary - GI - or psychological
Impetigo
Substernal chest tightness or pressure - that radiates to the left arm - shoulders - or jaw. Patients may also describe: diaphoresis - SOB - nausea - vomiting
High blood pressure - focal neurologic defecit - or papilledema

35. History for Acute bronchitis
>150mg per 24hrs
Scabies
Coronary artery disease/ angina
Productive cough and URI symptoms (runny nose - scratchy throat - nasal congestion) - low grade fever - fatigue

36. What should preconception counseling include?
Scleroderma/polymyositis with secondary gastroesophageal reflux
Genetic screening - medical assessment for chronic diseases - screening for infectious diseases - and updating of immunizations - advice on proper nutrition and exercise - help with quitting unhealthy habits - and advice on avoiding environmental haz
4 mo for 1yr - then every 6 mo for another yr. If remain normal for 2 years=screening can occur annually
PVC or Premature atrial contraction (PAC)

37. What are the three major risk factors for heart failure?
Cervical radiculopathy
Analgesic headache
Hypertension - CAD - valvular heart disease
Excessive bleeding in amount - duration - or both at irregular intervals

38. Describe the presentation of pericardial pain
Persistent - sharp - severe - relieved by sitting up; aggravated by breathing - laying back - coughing
Nonulcer dyspepsia
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp
These patients are associated with low renin states=less likely to respond to medication

39. What is the preload?
Aka left ventricular end diastolic pressure; the pressure required to distend the ventricle at a given volume
Bence-Jones
Muscular chest pain (inflammation or overuse pf chest wall muscles); costochondral joint (reproduced on palpation and patient may not want to take a deep breath in); rib fractures
Polymenorrhea

40. What is the Nikolsky sign (elicted when a local skin separation occurs after minor pressure) suggest?
Regular bleeding at intervals of more than 35 days
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
PE - MI - aortic dissection - pneumothorax
Analgesic headache

41. What are the signs of malignant hypertension?
Jugular venous distension: elevated venous pressures -PMI is displaced laterally and downward: cardiomegaly -bibasilar rales -third and fourth heart sounds: fluid overloaded - stiff ventricles -murmurs: valvular pathology -hepatomegaly: right sided
Pts with palpitations and dizziness - near syncope - or syncope
High blood pressure - focal neurologic defecit - or papilledema
Giardia

42. What is the 1st step in treatment for patients with normal renal function and nondiabetic patients with preHTN?
Furucnle
ACEi - ARBS - thiazide diuretics
Systolic dysfunction- ejection fraction is reduced to less than 45% - diastolic dysfunction- ejection fraction is preserved or high; use doppler techniques- abnormal flow across the mitral valve
Lifestyle modification: Salt restriction - weight reduction - regular aerobic exercise

43. Patient presents with aching shoulder - which becomes acutely painful with overhead activity
Repeat Pap after infection treated
Activation of the RAAS - increased levels of catecholamines - secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone -This leads to vasoconstriction - fluid retention - increased afterload - which further inhibits cardiac output -late changes are mycoardial and vas
Rotator Cuff problem
Enodlymphatic hydrops results in incrased pressure within the semicircular canals and damage to the sensory hair cells? -tinnitus - vertigo - hearing loss

44. name the 4 emergent causes of chest pain
RBC casts and old to moderate HTN
Medication or chemical esophagitis
PE - MI - aortic dissection - pneumothorax
Impetigo

45. Four muscles of rotator cuff
Less than 80 ml of blood
SITS: Supraspinatus - Infraspinatus - Teres Minor - Subscapularis
Folliculitis
Albumin; low molecular weight proteins

46. What type of imaging is need for chronic sinusitis?
ACEi - ARBS - thiazide diuretics
Hx: Onset of menarche and duration and frequency of the menstrual period - Bleeding pattern - hx of liver - renal - thyroid disease - Use of anticoags - oral contraception - hormone replacement - ROS: weight change - hirsutism (indicating PCOS=LH:FSH
NSAIDs - combined with ice or heat - and brief periods of rest followed by PT (maintaining ROM - flexibility - strength) -Severe: Cortisone shot
CT

47. Oligomenorrhea
Echocardiogram
Regular bleeding at intervals of more than 35 days
Acute headache - ataxia - profuse nausea - and vomiting
HPV

48. Name types of laxatives
PVC or Premature atrial contraction (PAC)
Bulk forming agents -Osmotic laxatives -Stimulant laxatives -Stool Softeners -Suppositories -Enemas
When an increase in intracranial pressure is suspected because it can lead to brainstem herniation
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia

49. Uterine bleeding between regular cycles
Dysfunctional Uterine bleeding: caused by hormonal imbalances from a functionally abnormal hypothalamic-pitu-ovarian axis resulting in abnormal follicle development and anovulation (metorrhagia) -Corpus luteum does not develop=progesterone-deficient
Intermenstrual bleeding
Focal glomerular sclerosis - membranous glomerular nephripathy - IgA nephropathy
Headache of recent onset (<6 months) -headache beginning after 50 years of age -worsening headaches -headache that does not fit primary headache pattern -associated seizure -focal neurologic signs or symptoms -personality change-severe headaches unre

50. What is the Barany maneuver?
Persistent - sharp - severe - relieved by sitting up; aggravated by breathing - laying back - coughing
S. Aureus
Viral -Non viral causes: Chemical irritation - Mycoplasma - and Chlamydia
The patient is seated with the head turned to the right and is quickly lowered to the supine position with the head over the edge of the examination table 30 degrees below horizontal. The test is then repeated with the head turned to the left. The te