Test your basic knowledge |

Family Medicine Shelf

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Clinical Manifestations of HTN
Activation of the RAAS - increased levels of catecholamines - secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone -This leads to vasoconstriction - fluid retention - increased afterload - which further inhibits cardiac output -late changes are mycoardial and vas
Clarithromycin - amoxicillin - metronidazole PPI: cimetidine - ranitidine - famotidine - nazatidine
Ischemic heart disease - stroke - peripheral vascular disease - renal insufficiency - retinopathy characterized by exudates and hemorrhages - and - in severe HTN - papilledema
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

2. Four muscles of rotator cuff
SITS: Supraspinatus - Infraspinatus - Teres Minor - Subscapularis
Pain
Impetigo
Analgesic headache

3. What does the classic ring worm lesion have?
A central clear area
Hx: Scratchy throat - runny nose - nasal congestion - rhinorrhea - malaise - fever - hoarsenss - cough - low grade fever - headache PE: Swollen red nasal mucosa - fever - purulent discharge - facial tenderness
Apprehension test: abducting the arm to 90 degrees - rotating it externally - and then applying anterior traction to the humerus
Particulate matter or otoliths may form in the semicircular canal. The otoliths become dislodged and stimulate the sensory hair cells in the semicircular canals - leading to vertigo.

4. What HPV serotypes are most commonly associated with cervical cancer?
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Serotypes 16 - 18 - 31 -52 -58
Every 3 years after 2 negative smear 1 year apart. Screening may be discontinued after age 65 provided that previous testing has been normal
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia

5. 1+ protein level on urine dipstick usually represents how much protein in the urine?
SITS: Supraspinatus - Infraspinatus - Teres Minor - Subscapularis
Consider AB:1st line: Amoxicillin - Cefuroxime Penicillin allergy: clarithromycin - azithromycin - trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 2nd line: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid - levofloxacin - gatifloxcin
With a KOH wet mount preparation
300mg/dl protein excreted in the last 24hrs; 4+ indicates over 1g/dl per day

6. What is the caUse of acute larbyrinthitis or vestibular neuronitis?
Muscular chest pain (inflammation or overuse pf chest wall muscles); costochondral joint (reproduced on palpation and patient may not want to take a deep breath in); rib fractures
Folliculitis
Viral infection of the semicircular apparatus
1st enzymes to rise and remain elevated for 5 - 14days; most sensitive and specific for infarct

7. What are the two common clinical presentations of acute diarrhea?
1. Watery - noninflammatory diarrhea 2. Inflammatory diarrhea with the presence of either blood or WBC in stool
HPV testing -Pos=colposcopy -Neg=repeat pap smear
Every 3 years after 2 negative smear 1 year apart. Screening may be discontinued after age 65 provided that previous testing has been normal
Varicella virus

8. Treatment of Rhinosinusitis for symptoms persisting longer than 7-10 days
Variability in the time for follicle development during the proliferative phase
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Consider AB:1st line: Amoxicillin - Cefuroxime Penicillin allergy: clarithromycin - azithromycin - trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 2nd line: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid - levofloxacin - gatifloxcin
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

9. What the consequences of decreased cardiac output?
Activation of the RAAS - increased levels of catecholamines - secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone -This leads to vasoconstriction - fluid retention - increased afterload - which further inhibits cardiac output -late changes are mycoardial and vas
Erythromycin - Macrolide (i.e. azithromycin) - Doxycyline
Polymenorrhea
Age - dominant hand - medications - PMHx - type of work - and activity level - Pain-acute or chronic - Associated trauma (swelling - rendness - laxity - catching - decrease ROM)

10. Name the diagnosis: epidermal warts; transferred by touch and occurs at sites of trauma
HPV
HSV1: oral HSV2: genital -primary infection: transmitted by respiratory droplets or by direct contact with an active lesion or infected secretions -secondary phase: reactivation of the latent virus from dorsal root ganglia -grouped vesicles on an ery
Dehydration - anemia - cardiac causes
Hx: Onset of menarche and duration and frequency of the menstrual period - Bleeding pattern - hx of liver - renal - thyroid disease - Use of anticoags - oral contraception - hormone replacement - ROS: weight change - hirsutism (indicating PCOS=LH:FSH

11. Name the microorganism: impetigo - erysipelas - cellulitis - lymphangitis
Hx: Scratchy throat - runny nose - nasal congestion - rhinorrhea - malaise - fever - hoarsenss - cough - low grade fever - headache PE: Swollen red nasal mucosa - fever - purulent discharge - facial tenderness
Preconception visit: up to 1 yr before conception -1st prenatal visit: 6-8wks after missed menses -Every 4 wks: up to 28 wks gestational age -Every 2 wks: up to 36 weeks gestational age -Every week: until delivery
Streptococci
Focal glomerular sclerosis - membranous glomerular nephripathy - IgA nephropathy

12. What is the standard tool used for diagnosis of GERD?
EGD
Less abrupt onset and cessation of palpitations
Pancreatitis
A central clear area

13. Vaccines that should be updated before planned pregnancy
Persistent - sharp - severe - relieved by sitting up; aggravated by breathing - laying back - coughing
Polymenorrhea
Fever with frontal or maxillary tenderness
Hep B and rubella (if necessary) Note: pregnancy should be avoided up to 1-3 months after rubella and varicella immunizations=live attenuated viruses

14. What imaging is used to assess cardiac anatomy in patients with heart palpitations?
>3.5g of protein per 24hrs
Echocardiogram
Irregular bleeding between cycles
Acute headache - ataxia - profuse nausea - and vomiting

15. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: chest pressure - nausea - diaphoresis - palpitations
EGD
Coronary artery disease/ angina
The luteal or secretory phase begins - the corpus luteum develops - and pregesterone levels increase
ACEi - penicillin - cephalosporin - cyclosporine - NSAIDs - heavy metals - aminoglycosides - sulfonamides

16. At was quantity does urine dipstick test detect elevated protein?
Intermenstrual bleeding
LH surge triggers ovulation
EGD
100mg; means patient can be trace protein positive and not be detected

17. When does the MB fraction of creatinine phosphokinase rise following myocardial injury or infarction?
Impetigo
HSV1: oral HSV2: genital -primary infection: transmitted by respiratory droplets or by direct contact with an active lesion or infected secretions -secondary phase: reactivation of the latent virus from dorsal root ganglia -grouped vesicles on an ery
W/in 4hrs and peaks 24hrs; it is important to obtain serial markers since the first set of cardiac markers are negative in 25 - 50% of patients with an acute MI
Ischemic heart disease - stroke - peripheral vascular disease - renal insufficiency - retinopathy characterized by exudates and hemorrhages - and - in severe HTN - papilledema

18. Who should have Xray testing for shoulder pain?
Reserved for pats with hx of traumatic injury or persistent pain despite therapy
Triptans - ergotamine - DHE (emergency); prophylaxis- beta blockeres - tricyclic antidepressants - CCBs - anticonvulsants - serotonin antagonists - MAOIs; avoidance of stress - alcohol - caffeine - tyramine (red wine and cheese) - nitrates (cured mea
Less than 3 stools per week
Variability in the time for follicle development during the proliferative phase

19. How to NSAIDs contribute to gastritis and ulcer formation?
ACEi - ARBS - thiazide diuretics
Ligament involvement: Pain with Active ROM and Passive ROM -Muscular and/or tendon injury: Pain with ONLY Active ROM
Viral infection of the semicircular apparatus
NSAIDs block COX-1 production of prostaglandins that maintain mucosal blood flow - secretion of mucus - and bicarbonate. Without these protective factors - acid-induced inflammation and ulcers my result.

20. What is the role of LH in the menstrual cycle
LH surge triggers ovulation
Peptic ulcer disease or gastritis
Less than 3 stools per week
Meclizine - dimenhydrinate - antiemetics - and benzodiazepines

21. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: colicky right upper quadrant pain - with meals - radiation to scapular regions
Cholelithiasis
Cardiomeagly -redistribution of vascular markings -prominent interstitial markings -Kerley B lines -perihilar haziness -pleural effusions
Pts with palpitations and dizziness - near syncope - or syncope
Bulk forming: Psyllium - Methycellulose - Polycarbophil

22. Pain from inflammation or irritation is detected only by the parietal pleura - the parietal pleura is the source of...
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
EGD
Viral infection of the semicircular apparatus
Chest pain during pneumonia or PE

23. Name the diagnosis: older patient with pain or palpation of the temporal artery? What is the definitive diagnosis?
Pediculus humanus capitis- head louse - P. humanus corporis- body louse - Phthirus pubis- pubic or crab louse
Molluscum contagiosum- pox virus
The patient is seated with the head turned to the right and is quickly lowered to the supine position with the head over the edge of the examination table 30 degrees below horizontal. The test is then repeated with the head turned to the left. The te
Temporal arteritis-biopsy of the temporal artery

24. Name the skin lesion: honey colored crusts
Impetigo
Analgesic headache
Variability in the time for follicle development during the proliferative phase
Intermenstrual bleeding

25. Pneumonia tx: suitable for healthy adults older than 60
Colposcopy - Endocervical curettage - and directed cervical biopsy
>3.5g of protein per 24hrs
Fluoroquinolone with good activity again Pneumococcus (levofloxacin) - Macrolide - 2nd generation cephalosporin
Less abrupt onset and cessation of palpitations

26. True or false: Migraine headaches require two of these four headache characteristics for diagnosis: unilateral location - pulsatile quality - moderate to severe intensity - or aggravation by movement. They must also be associated with one of the foll
True
Fasting serum glucose - K+ - serum creatinine - UA - lipid profile - serum Ca2+ - uric acid
4 mo for 1yr - then every 6 mo for another yr. If remain normal for 2 years=screening can occur annually
Bulk forming agents -Osmotic laxatives -Stimulant laxatives -Stool Softeners -Suppositories -Enemas

27. When does the American Cancer Society recommend obtaining Pap smear in low-risk women
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp
NSAIDs - combined with ice or heat - and brief periods of rest followed by PT (maintaining ROM - flexibility - strength) -Severe: Cortisone shot
Every 3 years after 2 negative smear 1 year apart. Screening may be discontinued after age 65 provided that previous testing has been normal
Cervical radiculopathy

28. What are the features of nephrotic syndrome?
Chest pain during pneumonia or PE
Alters mucosal permeability and stimulates the activity of intestinal smooth muscle -Ex: Bisacodyl (dulcolax)
Serotypes 16 - 18 - 31 -52 -58
Massive proteinuria and edema - hypoalbuminemia - hyperlipidemia - lipiduria

29. A woman with which medical conditions is at risk for complications for herself and fetus during pregnancy
DM - HTN - DVT - seizures - depression - or anxiety
Fever with frontal or maxillary tenderness
Pulsus paradoxus (abnormally large decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse wave amplitude during inspiration)
A 24hr urine protein collection and urine creatinine clearance determination

30. What is the 1st step in treatment for patients with normal renal function and nondiabetic patients with preHTN?
Lifestyle modification: Salt restriction - weight reduction - regular aerobic exercise
Pain
Usually occurs in individuals over 50 to 60 yo -Involves tendons - bursae - and sometimes entire capusule
Dehydration - anemia - cardiac causes

31. Name some medications that can cause proteinuria
Vital signs - orthostatic blood pressure (indicating acute bleeding) and pulse - signs of pregnancy - systemic disease - and sterile speculum and bimanual exam)
E. Coli O157:H7
Albumin; low molecular weight proteins
ACEi - penicillin - cephalosporin - cyclosporine - NSAIDs - heavy metals - aminoglycosides - sulfonamides

32. What are the 2 psych disorders most commonly associated with palpitations?
Cluster headache
Generalized Anxiety disorder and panic disorder
W/in 4hrs and peaks 24hrs; it is important to obtain serial markers since the first set of cardiac markers are negative in 25 - 50% of patients with an acute MI
Repeat Pap after infection treated

33. Isolated - extra pounding beats
When the patient has symptoms in association with exercise or who describe chest pain or pressure
SITS: Supraspinatus - Infraspinatus - Teres Minor - Subscapularis
PVC or Premature atrial contraction (PAC)
W/in 4hrs and peaks 24hrs; it is important to obtain serial markers since the first set of cardiac markers are negative in 25 - 50% of patients with an acute MI

34. What treatments are the cornerstone for treating cases of functional constipation?
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp
Pulsus paradoxus (abnormally large decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse wave amplitude during inspiration)
Increasing fluid (8 - 8oz glasses of water/day) -fiber
Analgesic headache

35. What are the medications used to treat labyrinthitis - vestibular neuronitis - and BPV?
Meclizine - dimenhydrinate - antiemetics - and benzodiazepines
Fever with frontal or maxillary tenderness
Ischemic heart disease - stroke - peripheral vascular disease - renal insufficiency - retinopathy characterized by exudates and hemorrhages - and - in severe HTN - papilledema
Upper sternal area burning pain - associated with a productive cough

36. What is the goal of CHF treatment? What drugs should be used?
Erythromycin - Macrolide (i.e. azithromycin) - Doxycyline
ACEi - ARBS - thiazide diuretics
HPV testing -Pos=colposcopy -Neg=repeat pap smear
Reduce symptoms - prevent complications - improve survival-diuretics - ACE inhibitors (slow progression of heart failure - decrease the number of hospitalizations and decrease mortality) - beta blockers (decrease mortality and sudden death) - spirono

37. When should a patient get a stress test?
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp
>150mg per 24hrs
Less than 3 stools per week
When the patient has symptoms in association with exercise or who describe chest pain or pressure

38. What are the features of glomerular nephritis
RBC casts and old to moderate HTN
Pain
Hydration -OTC decongestants -Topical Nasal decongestant no more than 4 days -Guaifenesin
Temporal arteritis-biopsy of the temporal artery

39. What are the physical exam signs of CHF?
Reduce symptoms - prevent complications - improve survival-diuretics - ACE inhibitors (slow progression of heart failure - decrease the number of hospitalizations and decrease mortality) - beta blockers (decrease mortality and sudden death) - spirono
Jugular venous distension: elevated venous pressures -PMI is displaced laterally and downward: cardiomegaly -bibasilar rales -third and fourth heart sounds: fluid overloaded - stiff ventricles -murmurs: valvular pathology -hepatomegaly: right sided
Hydration -OTC decongestants -Topical Nasal decongestant no more than 4 days -Guaifenesin
A tumor of the 8th cranial nerve that compresses the 8th cranial nerve and the brainstem

40. What type of diuretic is the most widely used for HTN? What are some SE of this drug?
Aka left ventricular end diastolic pressure; the pressure required to distend the ventricle at a given volume
Typically brought on exercise - eating - emotional excitement; pain lasts 5 - 15mins - disappears with nitroglycerin or at rest; if the pain lasts <1 or >30mins it should not be considered anginal
Substernal chest tightness or pressure - that radiates to the left arm - shoulders - or jaw. Patients may also describe: diaphoresis - SOB - nausea - vomiting
Thiazide (useful in patients without renal impairment) -SE: sex dysfxn - dyslipidemia - hyperglycemia - and elevation in uric acids

41. Diarrhea from custard filled pastries
1. Abnormal host defenses 2. Altered consciousness 3. Ineffective cough 4. Abnormal mucociliary transport
S. Aureus
Menorrhagia
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp

42. Complete the sentence: pericarditis can cause frictional rub and......
1st enzymes to rise and remain elevated for 5 - 14days; most sensitive and specific for infarct
Substernal chest tightness or pressure - that radiates to the left arm - shoulders - or jaw. Patients may also describe: diaphoresis - SOB - nausea - vomiting
Pulsus paradoxus (abnormally large decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse wave amplitude during inspiration)
Non-cardiac causes of palpitations

43. How do you define persistent protein uria?
Polymenorrhea
Presence of proteinuria on at least two separate ocassion
Peptic ulcer disease or gastritis
Hx: High fever - dyspnea - chills - chest pain - develop hypoxia or cardiopulmonary failure - PE: Abnormal Vital signs (fever - tachypnea - tachycardia) - Lungs (localized rales - bronchial breath sounds - wheezing - signs of consolidation-dullness t

44. Describe the presentation of pneumonia
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
1. Rhinovirus 2. Coronavirus 3. Others: Influenza - Parainfluenza - RSV - Adenovirus
Occurs in overlying chest wall - and aggravated by breathing and coughing - sudden - sharp - unilateral - pleuritic - associated with SOB
24 hour halter

45. How does CHF present on X-ray?
Nonulcer dyspepsia
Pleurisy
Cardiomeagly -redistribution of vascular markings -prominent interstitial markings -Kerley B lines -perihilar haziness -pleural effusions
1)Promoting Na+retention 2) Promoting hypertrophy and hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscles through its mitogenic properties 3) Modifying ion transport - leading to increase in intracellular Ca2+ 4) Sympathetic activation

46. Pt has Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS): When to do repeat pap?
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Early sexuality and multiple pregnancies (immature cells are more common at menarche and ruing the postpartum period) - hx of STDs - smoking - HIV - current or prior history of condyloma - and previously abnormal Pap smears
GERD
4 to 6 mo until 3 consecutive normal smear have been obtained *subsequent abnormal smear=colposcopy should be performed

47. What is the preload?
Viral -Non viral causes: Chemical irritation - Mycoplasma - and Chlamydia
Acute headache - ataxia - profuse nausea - and vomiting
Coronary artery disease/ angina
Aka left ventricular end diastolic pressure; the pressure required to distend the ventricle at a given volume

48. Name types of laxatives
Post-streptococcal glomerular nepritis; systemic diseases such as SLE or a drug related effect on the glomerulus
Bulk forming agents -Osmotic laxatives -Stimulant laxatives -Stool Softeners -Suppositories -Enemas
ACEi - ARBS - thiazide diuretics
1. Abnormal host defenses 2. Altered consciousness 3. Ineffective cough 4. Abnormal mucociliary transport

49. What test done in PE measures instability of shoulder?
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia
Cervical radiculopathy
Apprehension test: abducting the arm to 90 degrees - rotating it externally - and then applying anterior traction to the humerus
It is a test for BPV. Rotate the patients through a series of positions in an attempt to relocate the debris in the semicircular canal into the vestibule of the labyrinth.

50. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: severe constant mid abdominal pain
Pancreatitis
Variability in the time for follicle development during the proliferative phase
24 hour halter
Intermenstrual bleeding

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Major Subjects
Tests & Exams AP CLEP DSST GRE SAT GMAT	Certifications CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/ PMP ITIL RHCE MCTS More...	IT Skills Android Programming Data Modeling Objective C Programming Basic Python Programming Adobe Illustrator More...	Business Skills Advertising Techniques Business Accounting Basics Business Strategy Human Resource Management Marketing Basics More...
Soft Skills Body Language People Skills Public Speaking Persuasion Job Hunting And Resumes More...	Vocabulary GRE Vocab SAT Vocab TOEFL Essential Vocab Basic English Words For All Global Words You Should Know Business English More...	Languages AP German Vocab AP Latin Vocab SAT Subject Test: French Italian Survival Norwegian Survival More...	Engineering Audio Engineering Computer Science Engineering Aerospace Engineering Chemical Engineering Structural Engineering More...
Health Sciences Basic Nursing Skills Health Science Language Fundamentals Veterinary Technology Medical Language Cardiology Clinical Surgery More...	English Grammar Fundamentals Literary And Rhetorical Vocab Elements Of Style Vocab Introduction To English Major Complete Advanced Sentences Literature Homonyms More...	Math Algebra Formulas Basic Arithmetic: Measurements Metric Conversions Geometric Properties Important Math Facts Number Sense Vocab Business Math More...	Other Major Subjects Science Economics History Law Performing-arts Cooking Logic & Reasoning Trivia

Test your basic knowledge |

Family Medicine Shelf

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests

Major Subjects

Tests & Exams

Certifications

IT Skills

Business Skills

Soft Skills

Vocabulary

Languages

Engineering

Health Sciences

English

Math

Other Major Subjects

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests