Test your basic knowledge |

Family Medicine Shelf

Subjects : health-sciences, family-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the peripheral caUse of vertigo?
Chest pain during pneumonia or PE
Irregular bleeding between cycles
Inflammation - stimulation - or destruction of the hair cells of the eighth cranial nerve
Usually occurs in individuals over 50 to 60 yo -Involves tendons - bursae - and sometimes entire capusule

2. Hyperthyroidism - pheochromocytoma - anemia - dehydration - hypovolemia are...
Viral -Non viral causes: Chemical irritation - Mycoplasma - and Chlamydia
Genetic screening - medical assessment for chronic diseases - screening for infectious diseases - and updating of immunizations - advice on proper nutrition and exercise - help with quitting unhealthy habits - and advice on avoiding environmental haz
Non-cardiac causes of palpitations
NSAIDs - combined with ice or heat - and brief periods of rest followed by PT (maintaining ROM - flexibility - strength) -Severe: Cortisone shot

3. Which diuretic is best for HTN patients with renal impairment? What should be checked before administered?
Loop diuretics (Check serum K+ levels before drug admin)
HPV
Cardiomeagly -redistribution of vascular markings -prominent interstitial markings -Kerley B lines -perihilar haziness -pleural effusions
Refractory constipation - a new onset of constipation in an older individual - heme-positive stools - and situations in which the etiology is unclear or the clinical evaluation suggests underlying pathology

4. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: severe constant mid abdominal pain
Squamocolumnar junction=most common site of cervical cancer
RBC casts and old to moderate HTN
Early sexuality and multiple pregnancies (immature cells are more common at menarche and ruing the postpartum period) - hx of STDs - smoking - HIV - current or prior history of condyloma - and previously abnormal Pap smears
Pancreatitis

5. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: dysphagia - assoc. with ingestion
Hydration -OTC decongestants -Topical Nasal decongestant no more than 4 days -Guaifenesin
Coronary artery disease/ angina
Medication or chemical esophagitis
In syncopal or near syncopal patients iwth heart disease and those iwth suspected ventricular tachycardia or heart block

6. What are the features of glomerular nephritis
Furucnle
RBC casts and old to moderate HTN
Rotator Cuff problem
24 hour halter

7. Hyperinsulinemia can increase vascular tone by what 4 mechanisms?
S. Aureus
Aka left ventricular end diastolic pressure; the pressure required to distend the ventricle at a given volume
The luteal or secretory phase begins - the corpus luteum develops - and pregesterone levels increase
1)Promoting Na+retention 2) Promoting hypertrophy and hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscles through its mitogenic properties 3) Modifying ion transport - leading to increase in intracellular Ca2+ 4) Sympathetic activation

8. What procedures should be performed on women with low-grade and high-grade intraepithelial lesion on pap smear?
Folliculitis
Colposcopy - Endocervical curettage - and directed cervical biopsy
4 mo for 1yr - then every 6 mo for another yr. If remain normal for 2 years=screening can occur annually
Jugular venous distension: elevated venous pressures -PMI is displaced laterally and downward: cardiomegaly -bibasilar rales -third and fourth heart sounds: fluid overloaded - stiff ventricles -murmurs: valvular pathology -hepatomegaly: right sided

9. What microganism is causing this array of presentations: Mild - crampy - nonbloody diarrhea to life-threatening hemorrhagic colitis complicated by hemolytic uremic syndrome or thrombopenic purpura
Conization (or LEEP): removeal of a portion of the cervix and thus patients are at risk of preterm labor - incompetent cervix - or cervical stenosis in future pregnancies
Common problem that resolves spontaneously and is most often seen in children and young adults
Alters mucosal permeability and stimulates the activity of intestinal smooth muscle -Ex: Bisacodyl (dulcolax)
E. Coli O157:H7

10. What is the caUse of acute larbyrinthitis or vestibular neuronitis?
Viral infection of the semicircular apparatus
Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder): most common in middle age women
Serotypes 16 - 18 - 31 -52 -58
With a KOH wet mount preparation

11. SE Of Beta blockers?
Meclizine - dimenhydrinate - antiemetics - and benzodiazepines
Bradycardia - fatigue - insomnia - sex dysfxn - and adverse effects on the lipid profile
Warts
LH surge triggers ovulation

12. Palpitations: Which patients warrant hospitalization - monitoring and aggressive eval?
Clarithromycin - amoxicillin - metronidazole PPI: cimetidine - ranitidine - famotidine - nazatidine
Preconception visit: up to 1 yr before conception -1st prenatal visit: 6-8wks after missed menses -Every 4 wks: up to 28 wks gestational age -Every 2 wks: up to 36 weeks gestational age -Every week: until delivery
Pts with palpitations and dizziness - near syncope - or syncope
E. Coli O157:H7

13. Name the diagnosis: a ringowrm fungi that infects and survives only on dead keratin (stratum corneum) - the hair and the nails
Bronchitis: Antecedent URI - Cough - No or low-grade fever - clear lungs or coarse rhonchi - Normal CXR Pneumonia: Acute onset of cough - fever - and tachypnea - chest pain - leukocytosis - pulmonary infiltrate on CXR
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp
Muscular chest pain (inflammation or overuse pf chest wall muscles); costochondral joint (reproduced on palpation and patient may not want to take a deep breath in); rib fractures
Pain

14. Prenatal visit schedule for low-risk pregnancies
Persistent purulent discharge - facial pain exacerbated by leaning forward - maxillary tooth ache - 'double sickening'=relapse
Preconception visit: up to 1 yr before conception -1st prenatal visit: 6-8wks after missed menses -Every 4 wks: up to 28 wks gestational age -Every 2 wks: up to 36 weeks gestational age -Every week: until delivery
High blood pressure - focal neurologic defecit - or papilledema
Jugular venous distension: elevated venous pressures -PMI is displaced laterally and downward: cardiomegaly -bibasilar rales -third and fourth heart sounds: fluid overloaded - stiff ventricles -murmurs: valvular pathology -hepatomegaly: right sided

15. Pt has Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS): When to do repeat pap?
4 to 6 mo until 3 consecutive normal smear have been obtained *subsequent abnormal smear=colposcopy should be performed
Consider AB:1st line: Amoxicillin - Cefuroxime Penicillin allergy: clarithromycin - azithromycin - trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 2nd line: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid - levofloxacin - gatifloxcin
Nonulcer dyspepsia
Increase BO (systolic >140 or diastolic >90) at least 2 consecutive visits 2 wks apart

16. Describe the presentation of angina?
Typically brought on exercise - eating - emotional excitement; pain lasts 5 - 15mins - disappears with nitroglycerin or at rest; if the pain lasts <1 or >30mins it should not be considered anginal
Hep B and rubella (if necessary) Note: pregnancy should be avoided up to 1-3 months after rubella and varicella immunizations=live attenuated viruses
Persistent purulent discharge - facial pain exacerbated by leaning forward - maxillary tooth ache - 'double sickening'=relapse
Pulsus paradoxus (abnormally large decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse wave amplitude during inspiration)

17. What type of imaging is need for chronic sinusitis?
Pts with palpitations and dizziness - near syncope - or syncope
Varicella virus
Tension headache
CT

18. What diagnosis does the 'worse headache of my life' suggest?
4 to 6 mo until 3 consecutive normal smear have been obtained *subsequent abnormal smear=colposcopy should be performed
Cluster headache
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Systolic dysfunction- ejection fraction is reduced to less than 45% - diastolic dysfunction- ejection fraction is preserved or high; use doppler techniques- abnormal flow across the mitral valve

19. How to NSAIDs contribute to gastritis and ulcer formation?
Impetigo
HPV testing -Pos=colposcopy -Neg=repeat pap smear
NSAIDs block COX-1 production of prostaglandins that maintain mucosal blood flow - secretion of mucus - and bicarbonate. Without these protective factors - acid-induced inflammation and ulcers my result.
High blood pressure - focal neurologic defecit - or papilledema

20. How is constipation clinically defined?
Cluster headache
Less than 3 stools per week
Intermenstrual bleeding
Furucnle

21. Complete the sentence: pericarditis can cause frictional rub and......
35 (exception for postmenopausal women who have recently been started on HRT)
NSAIDs - combined with ice or heat - and brief periods of rest followed by PT (maintaining ROM - flexibility - strength) -Severe: Cortisone shot
Pulsus paradoxus (abnormally large decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse wave amplitude during inspiration)
Slow progression of cervical cancer changes -Availability of effective early treatment

22. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: gnawing epigastric pain - nausea - vomiting - bloating
Peptic ulcer disease or gastritis
Regular bleeding at intervals of more than 35 days
Muscular chest pain (inflammation or overuse pf chest wall muscles); costochondral joint (reproduced on palpation and patient may not want to take a deep breath in); rib fractures
Increase; 200 g/day

23. In addition to cardiac disease - chest pain could be attributed to 4 other causes. Name them
Repeat Pap after infection treated
High blood pressure - focal neurologic defecit - or papilledema
MSK - pulmonary - GI - or psychological
The luteal or secretory phase begins - the corpus luteum develops - and pregesterone levels increase

24. Range of motion testing: How do you tell the difference between joint/ligament involvement vs. muscular and/or tendon involvement?
Persistent - sharp - severe - relieved by sitting up; aggravated by breathing - laying back - coughing
These patients are associated with low renin states=less likely to respond to medication
Ligament involvement: Pain with Active ROM and Passive ROM -Muscular and/or tendon injury: Pain with ONLY Active ROM
Supraspinatus and bicipital tendons

25. At was quantity does urine dipstick test detect elevated protein?
Common problem that resolves spontaneously and is most often seen in children and young adults
Stabilize on oxygen - nitroglycerin - morphine for pain - aspirin (to decrease mortality by 20%) - clopidogrel or ticolodipine. (beta blockers - heparin - nitrates - ACEi - thrombolytics (if <75 with ST segment elevation - and a history consistent wi
Furucnle
100mg; means patient can be trace protein positive and not be detected

26. What drugs do you use to treat H.pylori + PUD?
Impetigo
Clarithromycin - amoxicillin - metronidazole PPI: cimetidine - ranitidine - famotidine - nazatidine
The luteal or secretory phase begins - the corpus luteum develops - and pregesterone levels increase
Possibility of Ischemic colitis

27. What is the Epley maneuver?
Viral gastroenteritis
It is a test for BPV. Rotate the patients through a series of positions in an attempt to relocate the debris in the semicircular canal into the vestibule of the labyrinth.
4 mo for 1yr - then every 6 mo for another yr. If remain normal for 2 years=screening can occur annually
EGD

28. What is the next best step if a patient has two or more positive dipstick tests?
Folliculitis
Focal glomerular sclerosis - membranous glomerular nephripathy - IgA nephropathy
A 24hr urine protein collection and urine creatinine clearance determination
Echocardiogram

29. Pain from inflammation or irritation is detected only by the parietal pleura - the parietal pleura is the source of...
E. Coli O157:H7
Rotator cuff tendonitis
Clarithromycin - amoxicillin - metronidazole PPI: cimetidine - ranitidine - famotidine - nazatidine
Chest pain during pneumonia or PE

30. What places women at higher risk of getting cervical cancer?
NSAIDs block COX-1 production of prostaglandins that maintain mucosal blood flow - secretion of mucus - and bicarbonate. Without these protective factors - acid-induced inflammation and ulcers my result.
The luteal or secretory phase begins - the corpus luteum develops - and pregesterone levels increase
Early sexuality and multiple pregnancies (immature cells are more common at menarche and ruing the postpartum period) - hx of STDs - smoking - HIV - current or prior history of condyloma - and previously abnormal Pap smears
Activation of the RAAS - increased levels of catecholamines - secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone -This leads to vasoconstriction - fluid retention - increased afterload - which further inhibits cardiac output -late changes are mycoardial and vas

31. What are the signs of cerebral hemorrhage?
Acute headache - ataxia - profuse nausea - and vomiting
Irregular bleeding between cycles
Fever with frontal or maxillary tenderness
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

32. In regards to a Pap smear - What should be done if a patient has cervical inflammation from infections such as Chlamydia or yeast that may cause cells to appear abnormal.
Repeat Pap after infection treated
Giardia
Increasing fluid (8 - 8oz glasses of water/day) -fiber
Dyspnea - orthopnea - paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - nocturia - edema - weight gain - fatigue - chest pain - abdominal pain - anorexia - mental status changes

33. History for Sinusitis

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

34. Name the diagnosis: epidermal warts; transferred by touch and occurs at sites of trauma
Candida albicans
Every 3 years after 2 negative smear 1 year apart. Screening may be discontinued after age 65 provided that previous testing has been normal
Tension headache
HPV

35. Name types of laxatives
Bulk forming agents -Osmotic laxatives -Stimulant laxatives -Stool Softeners -Suppositories -Enemas
Orthopnea - paroxysmal nocturna dyspnea - rales - jugular venous distention - and edema
Inflammation - stimulation - or destruction of the hair cells of the eighth cranial nerve
Acute headache - ataxia - profuse nausea - and vomiting

36. Name 4 factors that predispose an individual to develop pneumonia.
PVC or Premature atrial contraction (PAC)
With a KOH wet mount preparation
Bence-Jones
1. Abnormal host defenses 2. Altered consciousness 3. Ineffective cough 4. Abnormal mucociliary transport

37. Name the diagnosis of heartburn: dysphagia - assoc. with immunocompromised condition
Occurs in overlying chest wall - and aggravated by breathing and coughing - sudden - sharp - unilateral - pleuritic - associated with SOB
Bulk forming agents -Osmotic laxatives -Stimulant laxatives -Stool Softeners -Suppositories -Enemas
The luteal or secretory phase begins - the corpus luteum develops - and pregesterone levels increase
Infectious esophagitis

38. Where does the development of abnormal cervical cells begin?
A tumor of the 8th cranial nerve that compresses the 8th cranial nerve and the brainstem
Early sexuality and multiple pregnancies (immature cells are more common at menarche and ruing the postpartum period) - hx of STDs - smoking - HIV - current or prior history of condyloma - and previously abnormal Pap smears
Squamocolumnar junction=most common site of cervical cancer
Vital signs - orthostatic blood pressure (indicating acute bleeding) and pulse - signs of pregnancy - systemic disease - and sterile speculum and bimanual exam)

39. What are the secondly causes of glomerular disease?
300mg/dl protein excreted in the last 24hrs; 4+ indicates over 1g/dl per day
Consider AB:1st line: Amoxicillin - Cefuroxime Penicillin allergy: clarithromycin - azithromycin - trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 2nd line: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid - levofloxacin - gatifloxcin
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) or premature atrial contractions (PACs)
Post-streptococcal glomerular nepritis; systemic diseases such as SLE or a drug related effect on the glomerulus

40. What type of drug is particularly beneficial for CHF and provide renal protection for those with diabetes?
Pancreatitis
ACEi
Bulk forming: Psyllium - Methycellulose - Polycarbophil
Refractory constipation - a new onset of constipation in an older individual - heme-positive stools - and situations in which the etiology is unclear or the clinical evaluation suggests underlying pathology

41. What test done in PE measures instability of shoulder?
Apprehension test: abducting the arm to 90 degrees - rotating it externally - and then applying anterior traction to the humerus
Supraspinatus and bicipital tendons
Fluoroquinolone with good activity again Pneumococcus (levofloxacin) - Macrolide - 2nd generation cephalosporin
DM - HTN - DVT - seizures - depression - or anxiety

42. Treatment for supraventricular tachycardias
Dermatophytes - i.e. tinea- funus infection such as tinea captis- fungal infection of the scalp
BB or CCB - catheter ablation of identified bypass tract
Pap Smear (unless recent normal pap) -CBC -Pregnancy test -Ultrasound if uterus is enlarged -Cervical culture in patients high risk of infection -Thyroid test and testing for systemic diseases
Alters mucosal permeability and stimulates the activity of intestinal smooth muscle -Ex: Bisacodyl (dulcolax)

43. Name the skin lesion: small tumors of the skin that obscure normal skin lines - have a mosaic surface pattern - and may have thrombosed vessels appeairng as black dots on the surface
Loop diuretics (Check serum K+ levels before drug admin)
EGD
ACEi - ARBS - thiazide diuretics
Warts

44. Things that need to be included in history of shoulder pain
Fluoroquinolone with good activity again Pneumococcus (levofloxacin) - Macrolide - 2nd generation cephalosporin
Age - dominant hand - medications - PMHx - type of work - and activity level - Pain-acute or chronic - Associated trauma (swelling - rendness - laxity - catching - decrease ROM)
Lifestyle modification: Salt restriction - weight reduction - regular aerobic exercise
Chest pain during pneumonia or PE

45. History for Acute bronchitis
Productive cough and URI symptoms (runny nose - scratchy throat - nasal congestion) - low grade fever - fatigue
Occurs in overlying chest wall - and aggravated by breathing and coughing - sudden - sharp - unilateral - pleuritic - associated with SOB
Folliculitis
Coronary artery disease/ angina

46. What are the symptoms of palpitations?
Viral infection of the semicircular apparatus
ACEi - ARBS - thiazide diuretics
S. Aureus
Lightheadedness - dizziness - syncope

47. Diarrhea from custard filled pastries
S. Aureus
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
4 mo for 1yr - then every 6 mo for another yr. If remain normal for 2 years=screening can occur annually
True

48. Describe the presentation of myocardial pain?
W/in 4hrs and peaks 24hrs; it is important to obtain serial markers since the first set of cardiac markers are negative in 25 - 50% of patients with an acute MI
Meclizine - dimenhydrinate - antiemetics - and benzodiazepines
Substernal chest tightness or pressure - that radiates to the left arm - shoulders - or jaw. Patients may also describe: diaphoresis - SOB - nausea - vomiting
Reduce symptoms - prevent complications - improve survival-diuretics - ACE inhibitors (slow progression of heart failure - decrease the number of hospitalizations and decrease mortality) - beta blockers (decrease mortality and sudden death) - spirono

49. Pneumothorax - sudden sharp chest pain - preceded by viral illness
Pleurisy
The resistance against which the heart contracts and is clinically reflected by systolic blood pressure
Echocardiogram
Dysfunctional Uterine bleeding: caused by hormonal imbalances from a functionally abnormal hypothalamic-pitu-ovarian axis resulting in abnormal follicle development and anovulation (metorrhagia) -Corpus luteum does not develop=progesterone-deficient

50. Name the microorganism: folliculitis - cellulitis - furuncles (abscess/ boil) - bullous impetigo and staphylococcal scaleded skin syndrome
Focal glomerular sclerosis - membranous glomerular nephripathy - IgA nephropathy
Reserved for pats with hx of traumatic injury or persistent pain despite therapy
S. aureus- beta hemolytic streptococcus
Jugular venous distension: elevated venous pressures -PMI is displaced laterally and downward: cardiomegaly -bibasilar rales -third and fourth heart sounds: fluid overloaded - stiff ventricles -murmurs: valvular pathology -hepatomegaly: right sided