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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Partial
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
2 months

2. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Myometrial invasion
Round ligament of the uterus
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

3. What is the genetic material in the secondary oocyte?
Seminoma
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Prior c section - multiparity

4. Which androgen is responsible for differentiation of epididymis - vas deferens - seminal vesicles - internal genitalia (except prostate)
Comedocarcinoma
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Testosterone

5. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Trophoblasts
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Ligament of the ovary

6. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
Proliferation
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

7. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Osteoblastic in bone
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial

8. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Feedback inhibition
Osteoblastic in bone
Hydrocele
Oligohydramnios

9. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Sertoli cell tumor
Acute mastitis
Golgi

10. Ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma

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11. histologic type of fibrocystic with fluid filled - blue dome and ductal dilation
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Peyronie's dz
Decreasing progesterone
Cystic

12. Breast path - diseeases of the lobules
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Proliferation
2 months
Testosterone

13. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
Mature teratoma
Leydig cell tumor
Upregulation
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer

14. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
Malignant in males not in females
Complete
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

15. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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16. Red velvety plaques - usually involving the glans - similar to Bowen's
Partial
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Testosterone

17. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - increased LH leading to anovulation
Testosterone
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
PCOS

18. histo: simple columnar epithelium
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Endocervix
Increase (and LH)
In the 6th decade of life

19. < 21 day cycle
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Round ligament of the uterus
Polymenorrhea
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria

20. Where is androstenedione made?
Preeclampsia + siezures
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
17beta estradiol
Adrenal gland

21. testicular masses that can be transilluminated
Female pseudoHerm
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Tunica vaginalis lesions

22. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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23. Atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
95%
increased risk for carcinoma
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Posterior lobe peripheral zone

24. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
HPV 16 - 18
Ovary
No

25. defect in androgen receptor resulting in normal appearing female - rudimentry vagina - no uterus or uterine tubes
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Para - aortic lymph nodes
50 times
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY

26. Connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Cardinal ligament
Uterus
Granulosa cell tumor

27. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
95%
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Granulosa cell tumor

28. A leimyoma is overgrowth of what cell
Serous cystadenoma
PANS - pelvic nerve
Sertoli cell tumor
Smooth muscle

29. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Upregulation
No

30. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
55-65
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Testosterone
Mimics LH

31. What is HELLP syndrome
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation

32. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism

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33. What are the treatments for BPH
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Squamo - columnar jxn
55-65
Teratoma

34. bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts - pulling sensation in the groin
Fibromas
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Polyhydramnios

35. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Fibrosis
DCIS

36. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
Chocolate cyst
50 times
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

37. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
5 alpha reductase def
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Round ligament of the uterus
Adenomyosis

38. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Aortic bicuspid valve
Paget's disease - breast abscess

39. What are the associated risk factors for malignant breast tumors
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Squamous cell carcinoma

40. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
1 week - 2 weeks
Testosterone
17beta estradiol
Inhibition LH and FSH

41. Where is the enlargement found in BPH
Krukenburg tumor
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Immature
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle

42. dx with increased testosterone and increased LH
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Defective androgen receptor
Vagina
Fibroadenoma

43. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Good - late metastasis
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Meigs syndrome

44. Which androgen is responsible for libido
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Testosterone
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

45. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Testosterone
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin

46. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Primary hypogonadism
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Medullary
Hydatidiform mole

47. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Invasive ductal
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Pseudohermaphroditism
Spermatogonia (germ cells)

48. Which androgen is responsible for the deepening of the voice
Testosterone
Hydrocele
Krukenburg tumor
2nd week of proliferative phase

49. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Invasive ductal
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos

50. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
The centrioles
Post menopausal bleeding