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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the common presentation of metastasis in prostate cancer
Placenta acreta
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Embryonal carcinoma
increased risk for carcinoma
2. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - increased LH leading to anovulation
Testosterone
Just prior to ovulation
Fructose
PCOS
3. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Inhibition LH and FSH
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Increase (and LH)
4. attachment of palceta to lower uterine segment that may occlude internal os - painless bleeding in any trimester
Acute mastitis
Placenta previa
The centrioles
Increase (and LH)
5. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Comedocarcinoma
Oligohydramnios
6. What increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Golgi
Relaxation
Prematurity
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
7. Some drugs cause awesome knockers
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Testosterone
Mucinous cystadenoma
8. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple
9. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism
10. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
Invasive lobular
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
11. What does the SRY gene do
Increase (and LH)
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Testis determining factor
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
12. Between What two phases does the sperm acquire the acrosome - flagellum - and middle piece
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
13. What is the source of estrogen after menopause
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Myometrial invasion
Peripheral conversion of androgens
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
14. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Female pseudoHerm
In the 6th decade of life
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
15. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Round ligament of uterus
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
16. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Blacks
PCOS
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
17. What becomes the main source of hCG
Post menopausal bleeding
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Hydrocele
18. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
5 alpha reductase def
Preeclampsia clinical
Chocolate cyst
19. What does estrogen do to estrogen - LH and progesterone recepotrs
Placenta previa
2nd week of proliferative phase
Upregulation
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
20. What is the flaggelum derived from
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
One of the centrioles
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
21. What is the average age of onset for menopause
51 yo
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Teratoma
Left
22. Testosterone and estrogen in androgen insensitivity syndrome
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Increase (and LH)
Proliferation
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
23. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Sclerosing adenosis
Comedocarcinoma
24. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
Phyllodes tumor
Just prior to ovulation
Estradiol
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
25. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
26. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Bicornute uterus
1 week - 2 weeks
Maintenance
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
27. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
Leydig cell tumor
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
28. Breast path - diseases of the lactiferous sinus
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
29. Wher does dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix usually begin
55-65
Abruptio placentae
Squamo - columnar jxn
Vagina
30. Breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Tubular carcinoma
BPH
Testosterone
31. What is the most common cause of breast lumps from age 25 to menopause
Fibrocystic disease
Axillary node involvement
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
55-65
32. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Ligament of the ovary
Calcifications
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
33. How does BPH present
Ligament of the ovary
Insulin resistance
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
34. when do primary oocytes begin meiosis I
Ectopic preg
Smooth muscle
20 to 40
During fetal life
35. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Testosterone
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Decrease
Menopause
36. When are phyllodes tumors most common
Endometrial carcinoma
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
In the 6th decade of life
37. decreased synthesis of gonadotropin in the ant pit - anosmia - lack of secondary sex characteristics
Fibrosis
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Kallman
The semiT and the blood vessels
38. What are the most common cause of anovluation
39. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios
40. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Axillary node involvement
Prior c section - multiparity
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Serous cystadenoma
41. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Varicocele
1000 times
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Menometrorrhagia
42. In chronic prostatitis is bacterial or abacterial more common
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Abacterial
43. What is the typical cell change in HPV infection
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Koilocytitic
95%
Maintenance
44. In what phase is meiosis II arrested
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Metaphase
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
45. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Complete
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Delivery of fetus
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
46. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function
47. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Spermatocele
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
48. What are the associated risk factors for malignant breast tumors
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Estradiol
50 times
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
49. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Endometrial carcinoma
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
50. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
Dysgerminoma
Complete
Decreasing progesterone
PCOS