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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Good - late metastasis
Dysgerminoma
Prior c section - multiparity
Mittelschmerz syndrome
2. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Preductal coarctication
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
3. What does FSH do
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
4. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Post menopausal
Sclerosing adenosis
5 alpha reductase def
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
5. < 21 day cycle
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Polymenorrhea
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
6. testes present with non male external genitals
Endometriosis
Ligament of the ovary
Male pseudoHerm
Complete
7. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Complete
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
8. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Leydig cell tumor
Blacks
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Klinefelter's - XXY
9. How does endometriosis cause infertility
One of the centrioles
Preductal coarctication
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
10. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Insulin resistance
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
11. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Upregulation
Partial
Increase (and LH)
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
12. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Fallopian tube
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Granulosa cell tumor
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
13. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Mature teratoma
Leydig cell tumor
Ovary
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
14. hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum
Fibromas
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Corpus luteum cyst
2nd week of proliferative phase
15. What do leydig cells secrete?
Ovary
Testosterone
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
16. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
SANS - hypogastric nerve
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Prior c section - multiparity
Serous cystadenoma
17. What are the most common tumors in all females?
Placenta previa
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Fibromas
Myometrial tumors
18. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Ovary
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
19. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Golgi
95%
increased risk for carcinoma
20. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Ligament of the ovary
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Preeclampsia
Left
21. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Squamous cell carcinoma
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Aortic bicuspid valve
Metrorrhagia
22. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Decreasing progesterone
Trophoblasts
Preeclampsia clinical
23. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
The centrioles
Testis determining factor
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Primary hypogonadism
24. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Granulosa cell tumor
Paget's disease
Menometrorrhagia
25. Breast path - diseases of the major duct
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Ligament of the ovary
26. Testosterone and estrogen in androgen insensitivity syndrome
Testosterone
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Increase (and LH)
Ectocervix
27. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
SANS - hypogastric nerve
28. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Call exner bodies
Complete
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
29. What are the 3 androgens
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
30. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Teratoma
Dysgerminoma
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Peripheral adipose tissue
31. when do primary oocytes begin meiosis I
HPV 16 - 18
Pseudohermaphroditism
During fetal life
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
32. Uterin fundus to labia majora
Uterus
Round ligament of uterus
DCIS
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
33. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Male pseudoHerm
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
34. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Female pseudoHerm
Paget cell
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
35. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Aortic bicuspid valve
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Polyhydramnios
36. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Post menopausal
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Embryonal carcinoma
Fructose
37. When is follicular growth the fastest?
2nd week of proliferative phase
E coli
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
38. Benign - looks like bladder
Insulin resistance
Testosterone
Brenner tumor
Phyllodes tumor
39. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Testosterone
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Metrorrhagia
40. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Feedback inhibition
41. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Preeclampsia
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
42. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Endocervix
Fibroadenoma
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Phyllodes tumor
43. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
44. What is the treatment for hydatidiform mole
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Invasive ductal
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
45. malignant - painful - often glandular/papillary morphology testicular germ cell tumor that can differentiate into other tumors
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Embryonal carcinoma
Round ligament of the uterus
Leydig cell tumor
46. dilated epididymal duct
Left
DIC
Spermatocele
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
47. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Ectopic preg
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Low progesterone
48. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Round ligament of uterus
Paget's disease
Blacks
Cystic
49. What estrogen does the placenta secrete
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Estradiol
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
50. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Pseudohermaphroditism
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Inhibit cGMP breakdown