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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma
2. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Adenomyosis
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
3. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Axillary node involvement
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Good - late metastasis
Para - aortic lymph nodes
4. What are the treatments for BPH
46 xx
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
5. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Round ligament of uterus
Smooth muscle
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
During fetal life
6. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Cervix
5 alpha reductase def
Sertoli cell tumor
7. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Hydatidiform mole
Leydig cell tumor
The centrioles
6
8. What does FSH do
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Post menopausal
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
9. What is the flaggelum derived from
2nd week of proliferative phase
Testosterone
One of the centrioles
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
10. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Post menopausal
Pseudohermaphroditism
Defective androgen receptor
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
11. What is the typical cell change in HPV infection
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Good - late metastasis
Prophase
Koilocytitic
12. How does BPH present
PSA
Polymenorrhea
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
13. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
1 week - 2 weeks
Squamo - columnar jxn
14. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Osteoblastic in bone
Theca - leutin cysts
Koilocytitic
Testicular lymphoma
15. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Malignant in males not in females
55-65
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
16. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases
17. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism
18. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Primary hypogonadism
E coli
19. What is the serum marker for BPH
PSA
Polyhydramnios
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Paget's disease
20. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Preeclampsia clinical
Prematurity
Dysgerminoma
21. What converts testosterone to DHT
Seminoma
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Squamo - columnar jxn
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
22. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Oligohydramnios
2nd week of proliferative phase
Peyronie's dz
23. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
Feedback inhibition
Ectopic preg
Choriocarcinoma
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
24. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Metrorrhagia
Testosterone
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Production of a thick cervical mucus
25. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
No
Female pseudoHerm
Insulin resistance
26. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Complete
Testosterone
Round ligament of uterus
27. What does estrogen to do prolaction
Comedocarcinoma
46 xx
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Maintenance
28. Vaginal sqamous cell carcinoma is most often seconday From which site?
The semiT and the blood vessels
Left
Cervix
Embryonal carcinoma
29. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Insulin resistance
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Feedback inhibition
30. What does gynecomastia result from?
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Hyperestrogenism
31. what structures supplies the energy to the middle piece (neck)
Relaxation
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Mitochondria
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
32. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
33. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Testosterone
Theca - leutin cysts
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Prior c section - multiparity
34. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Adrenal gland
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Choriocarcinoma
Smooth muscle
35. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
During fetal life
Female pseudoHerm
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
36. What is the lymphatic drainage of the distal 1/3 of the vagina/scrotum/vulva
Dysgerminoma
Upregulation
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Endometrial carcinoma
37. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Mitochondria
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Myometrial tumors
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
38. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Fructose
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
PSA
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
39. < 21 day cycle
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Koilocytitic
Polymenorrhea
Fibrocystic disease
40. What does the tail go onto to form
The centrioles
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
During fetal life
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
41. What do leydig cells secrete?
50 times
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Testosterone
42. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Complete
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Oligomenorrhea
43. What is a true hermaphrodite
Hemorrhage
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
44. >1.5 -2 L of amniotic fluid
Polyhydramnios
Endometrial carcinoma
Inhibit FSH
Chromosomal abnormalities
45. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Puberty
Abruptio placentae
46. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
47. What is the common presentation of metastasis in prostate cancer
Golgi
69 xxy
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
48. histologic type of fibrocystic with fluid filled - blue dome and ductal dilation
Cystic
Follicular cyst
Prematurity
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
49. 20% of ovarian tumors - benign - lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
Decreasing progesterone
Endometrial carcinoma
1000 times
Serous cystadenoma
50. Breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
One of the centrioles
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Tubular carcinoma
Inhibit FSH