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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Abruptio placentae
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Theca - leutin cysts
Primary hypogonadism

2. What is a concern of early menopause
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
2nd week of proliferative phase

3. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Uterus
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

4. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Complete
Trophoblasts

5. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Round ligament of the uterus
Upregulation
Golgi
Myometrial tumors

6. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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7. Where is the enlargement found in BPH
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Round ligament of the uterus

8. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
95%
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Intraductal papilloma
46 xx

9. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
Acute mastitis
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Mitochondria
Varicocele

10. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Good - late metastasis
Brenner tumor
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant

11. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Polymenorrhea
95%
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

12. How does BPH present
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
1000 times
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Primary hypogonadism

13. Connects ovary to lateral uterus
Ligament of the ovary
Prematurity
Decreasing progesterone
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

14. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism

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15. What is indicative of a poor prognosis for endometrial carcinoma
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Myometrial invasion

16. What is the presentation of prostatitis
2 months
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Squamo - columnar jxn

17. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
51 yo
Chromosomal abnormalities
Testicular lymphoma

18. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Epithelial hyperplasia
Low progesterone
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Polymenorrhea

19. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Sertoli cell tumor
Menometrorrhagia
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

20. What becomes the main source of hCG
Abruptio placentae
Mucinous cystadenoma
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta

21. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
17beta estradiol
Decreasing progesterone
Choriocarcinoma
Fat necrosis

22. What is DHT responsible for in early development?
Axillary node involvement
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Increase
Paget's disease - breast abscess

23. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone

24. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Invasive ductal

25. Complications of BPH
Teratoma
Defective androgen receptor
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Chromosomal abnormalities

26. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Immature
Broad ligament
Dysgerminoma
Bicornute uterus

27. What are the most common tumors in all females?
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Corpus luteum cyst
Myometrial tumors
Seminoma

28. most common testicular cancer in older men
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Axillary node involvement
Testicular lymphoma

29. Where is androstenedione made?
Fibroadenoma
Oligomenorrhea
Mimics LH
Adrenal gland

30. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
6
Mucinous cystadenoma
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Immature

31. predisposing factor to clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
Turner's XO
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis

32. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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33. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Sertoli cells
Relaxation
Sertoli cell tumor
Choriocarcinoma

34. What effect does NE have on smoothe muscle in the erectile tissues
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Testosterone
Increased FSH

35. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Just prior to ovulation
Insulin resistance
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer

36. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
DIC
Fibromas
Medullary

37. dx with increased testosterone and increased LH
Defective androgen receptor
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Increased FSH

38. What is mortality due to in preeclampsia
S aureus
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Testosterone
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS

39. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Estrogen overstimulation
5 alpha reductase def
Calcifications

40. bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts - pulling sensation in the groin
Granulosa cell tumor
Choriocarcinoma
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Fibromas

41. What complications are associated with polyhydramnios

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42. >1.5 -2 L of amniotic fluid
Krukenburg tumor
Polyhydramnios
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

43. What does progesterone do to myometrial excitability
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Decrease
SANS - hypogastric nerve
1 week - 2 weeks

44. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
50 times
Preeclampsia clinical
Defective androgen receptor
Partial

45. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Menopause
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Adenomyosis
Polyhydramnios

46. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Chocolate cyst
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Inhibition of HCG access

47. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Oligomenorrhea
Osteoblastic in bone
50 times
PSA

48. testicular masses that can be transilluminated
No
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Tunica vaginalis lesions

49. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
69 xxy
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Call exner bodies
Squamous cell carcinoma

50. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Testosterone
Abacterial