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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Testicular lymphoma
Myometrial invasion
Complete

2. What are the most common cause of anovluation

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3. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
Leydig cell tumor
Axillary node involvement
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Malignant in males not in females

4. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
Cervix
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Vagina
CIN 1 - 2 - 3

5. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Defective androgen receptor
Dysgerminoma
Theca - leutin cysts

6. Wher does dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix usually begin
Squamo - columnar jxn
Metrorrhagia
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos

7. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
1 week - 2 weeks

8. What do leydig cells secrete?
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Testosterone

9. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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10. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
95%
Krukenburg tumor
Primary hypogonadism
increased risk for carcinoma

11. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Testosterone
Testosterone
Fat necrosis

12. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Meigs syndrome
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Testis determining factor

13. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Sertoli cell tumor
Low progesterone
Broad ligament
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary

14. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
No
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa

15. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
The centrioles
Peripheral adipose tissue
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Cervix

16. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Polyhydramnios
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
2 months
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride

17. 20% of ovarian tumors - benign - lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
Serous cystadenoma
Myometrial tumors
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Female pseudoHerm

18. What is the treatment for hydatidiform mole
Invasive lobular
Ectocervix
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

19. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
HPV 16 - 18

20. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Down regulation
HPV 16 - 18
Intraductal papilloma

21. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Metaphase
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Estrogen overstimulation

22. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Fat necrosis
Increased FSH
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial

23. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Adolescents
Round ligament of uterus
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Choriocarcinoma

24. What is the typical cell change in HPV infection
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Abacterial
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Koilocytitic

25. 2 sperm + empty egg
Complete
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Oligomenorrhea
Proliferation

26. When are phyllodes tumors most common
Squamous cell carcinoma
Bicornute uterus
Ovary
In the 6th decade of life

27. What is the karyotype of a complete mole
Maintenance
Para - aortic lymph nodes
46 xx
Complete

28. Which phase varies and in length and Which is usually 14 days (menstrual cycle)
BPH
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors

29. What is the lymphatic drainage of the distal 1/3 of the vagina/scrotum/vulva
increased risk for carcinoma
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Hemorrhage

30. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Round ligament of the uterus
Metaphase
Complete
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause

31. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Osteoblastic in bone
2nd week of proliferative phase

32. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Decrease
Good - late metastasis
Epithelial hyperplasia
Malignant in males not in females

33. dilated vein in pampiniform plexus - bag of worms
Inflammatory
51 yo
Fibrocystic disease
Varicocele

34. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Testosterone
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation

35. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
Menopause
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
46 xx

36. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Oligohydramnios
Increase (and LH)
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Adrenal gland

37. What does LH do
Down regulation
Placenta acreta
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

38. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Sertoli cells

39. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Acute mastitis
Ovary
Teratoma

40. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Prophase
Testosterone
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation

41. equivalent to seminoma in the ovary and forms a sheet of uniform cells - marked by hCG and LDH
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Sertoli cell tumor
Dysgerminoma
Complete

42. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Partial
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids

43. Connects ovary to lateral uterus
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Ligament of the ovary
2nd week of proliferative phase
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride

44. What are the 3 androgens
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione

45. How long does it take for sperm to fully develop
2 months
46 xx
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Cardinal ligament

46. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Vagina
Invasive ductal

47. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
PCOS
Adenomyosis
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Sertoli cell tumor

48. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple

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49. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Female pseudoHerm
DCIS
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Prophase

50. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Peripheral adipose tissue
Ovary
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli