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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
Calcifications
SANS - hypogastric nerve
PANS - pelvic nerve
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen

2. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Androgen insensitivity syndrome

3. What is the karyotype of a complete mole
46 xx
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Medullary
Metaphase

4. What virus is dyslapsia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix associated with
Malignant in males not in females
Just prior to ovulation
HPV 16 - 18
Granulosa cell tumor

5. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
No
PSA
Testis determining factor
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause

6. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
46 xx
Peripheral adipose tissue
Immature

7. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
Bicornute uterus
Maintenance
95%
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis

8. Which phase varies and in length and Which is usually 14 days (menstrual cycle)
Endometrial carcinoma
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Hemorrhage
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14

9. Connects ovary to lateral uterus
Ligament of the ovary
Cervix
Corpus luteum cyst
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

10. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Fat necrosis

11. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Insulin resistance
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Paget's disease

12. What is DHT responsible for in early development?
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Turner's XO
5 alpha reductase def
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate

13. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
1 week - 2 weeks
Complete
Phyllodes tumor
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary

14. What is the genetic material in the secondary oocyte?
Kallman
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Mimics LH

15. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Prior c section - multiparity
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Ectocervix

16. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Sertoli cells
Peripheral adipose tissue
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism

17. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
55-65
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Osteoblastic in bone

18. 20% of ovarian tumors - benign - lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
Endometrial carcinoma
HPV 16 - 18
Serous cystadenoma
Abruptio placentae

19. Which system and nerve allow for erection in the male?
PANS - pelvic nerve
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Endometrial carcinoma
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor

20. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
Puberty
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
1 week - 2 weeks

21. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
increased AFP and hCG
Kallman
During fetal life

22. distention of unruptured graafian follicle
S aureus
Malignant in males not in females
Follicular cyst
Fructose

23. What serum markers are associated with embyronal carcinoma
Call exner bodies
Increase
Corpus luteum cyst
increased AFP and hCG

24. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Defective androgen receptor
Decreasing progesterone
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Primary hypogonadism

25. How does BPH present
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
6
Krukenburg tumor
Decrease

26. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

27. Vaginal sqamous cell carcinoma is most often seconday From which site?
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Round ligament of uterus
Sertoli cells
Cervix

28. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
20 to 40
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation

29. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Ligament of the ovary
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Left
Testosterone

30. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Upregulation
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Intraductal papilloma
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

31. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Uterus
Theca - leutin cysts
Choriocarcinoma
increased risk for carcinoma

32. when do primary oocytes begin meiosis I
Klinefelter's - XXY
During fetal life
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Just prior to ovulation

33. can present as precocious puberty in kids - can cause endometrial hyperplasia/carinoma in adults - abnormal uterine bleeding
Granulosa cell tumor
Broad ligament
Estradiol
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors

34. Ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma

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35. Between What two phases does the sperm acquire the acrosome - flagellum - and middle piece
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Embryonal carcinoma
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Peripheral adipose tissue

36. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Insulin resistance
Ovary
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Increase (and LH)

37. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Sclerosing adenosis
Medullary
Immature

38. histologic type of fibrocystic with fluid filled - blue dome and ductal dilation
Preeclampsia + siezures
Cystic
No
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity

39. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Metaphase
Testosterone
Calcifications

40. What effect does NE have on smoothe muscle in the erectile tissues
Paget's disease
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Seminoma

41. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
17beta estradiol
Squamo - columnar jxn

42. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis

43. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - increased freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Endocervix
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
The semiT and the blood vessels
Choriocarcinoma

44. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Cardinal ligament
Intraductal papilloma
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
DCIS

45. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
Brenner tumor
Maintenance
46 xx
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism

46. What estrogen does the placenta secrete
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Sertoli cell tumor
Estradiol
Brenner tumor

47. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Post menopausal
Turner's XO
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Ectopic preg

48. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Decreasing progesterone
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate

49. What does estrogen stimulate in the endometrium
Mitochondria
Proliferation
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
CIN 1 - 2 - 3

50. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Down regulation
Paget's disease - breast abscess
4