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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Fallopian tube
Turner's XO
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
increased risk for carcinoma

2. > 35 day cycle
Abruptio placentae
Oligomenorrhea
Broad ligament
Increased FSH

3. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Decreasing progesterone
51 yo

4. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Kallman
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Adolescents

5. How many functional sperm does 1 germ cell creat?
Preeclampsia
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
4
Male pseudoHerm

6. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Mitochondria
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Upregulation

7. Complication of retained placental tissue
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Hemorrhage
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen

8. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Sertoli cells
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Post menopausal
51 yo

9. What is DHT responsible for in late development
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Adrenal gland
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor

10. testes present with non male external genitals
46 xx
Serous cystadenoma
Male pseudoHerm
Down regulation

11. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Comedocarcinoma

12. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile

13. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Fibrosis
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Menopause
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin

14. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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15. hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Comedocarcinoma
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Corpus luteum cyst

16. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
Adrenal gland
Vagina
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Insulin resistance

17. distention of unruptured graafian follicle
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Fibrosis
Ovary
Follicular cyst

18. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Adenomyosis
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
IV mag sulfate - diazepam

19. Which androgen is responsible for libido
Golgi
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Preeclampsia + siezures
Testosterone

20. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
Granulosa cell tumor
No
Testosterone
Metaphase

21. Ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma

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22. increased fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Hydrocele
Metrorrhagia
Inflammatory

23. What are the treatments for PCOS
Osteoblastic in bone
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Mimics LH

24. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Post menopausal bleeding
5 alpha reductase def
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Sertoli cells

25. What are the four functions of estrogen
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
One of the centrioles
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Sertoli cell tumor

26. What is the presentation of prostatitis
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Upregulation
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions

27. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Ligament of the ovary
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Granulosa cell tumor

28. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
HPV 16 - 18
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis

29. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Puberty
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

30. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Theca - leutin cysts
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa

31. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
6
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

32. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
Mimics LH
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Acute mastitis
Preeclampsia clinical

33. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Maintenance
2 months
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Preeclampsia clinical

34. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Feedback inhibition
Bicornute uterus
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Placenta previa

35. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Brenner tumor
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Good - late metastasis

36. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Choriocarcinoma
DCIS
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery

37. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Increase (and LH)
Fibrocystic disease
Estrogen overstimulation
Insulin resistance

38. How does BPH present
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Cardinal ligament
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

39. A leimyoma is overgrowth of what cell
Smooth muscle
Testosterone
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Myometrial invasion

40. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
Partial
Abruptio placentae
Paget cell
1 week - 2 weeks

41. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
Left
No
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

42. What are the effects of prolactin?
Spermatocele
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Hyperestrogenism
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

43. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
Dysgerminoma
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids

44. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Proliferation
Ovary
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Peripheral adipose tissue

45. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Testosterone
No
Choriocarcinoma

46. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Fat necrosis
Female pseudoHerm
Squamous cell carcinoma

47. What are the treatments for BPH
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

48. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple

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49. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Granulosa cell tumor
Decreasing progesterone
Endometrial carcinoma
20 to 40

50. What are the most common cause of anovluation

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