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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the most common form of male pseudoHerm
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Comedocarcinoma
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2

2. How does BPH present
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

3. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions

4. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Round ligament of the uterus
Hemorrhage

5. Uterin fundus to labia majora
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Round ligament of uterus
Dysgerminoma

6. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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7. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Endometrial carcinoma
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA

8. What does progesterone do to body temp
Granulosa cell tumor
Hydatidiform mole
55-65
Increase

9. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Hemorrhage
Krukenburg tumor

10. dx with increased testosterone and increased LH
Prior c section - multiparity
Defective androgen receptor
Paget's disease
Golgi

11. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
No
Menopause
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors

12. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Production of a thick cervical mucus
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Suspensory ligament of ovaries

13. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck

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14. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Ectopic preg
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
During fetal life

15. Atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Intraductal papilloma
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
increased risk for carcinoma

16. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Testis determining factor
5 alpha reductase def
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

17. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Puberty
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

18. when do primary oocytes begin meiosis I
Primary hypogonadism
During fetal life
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Increase

19. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Sertoli cells
Kallman
Testosterone

20. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Endometriosis
Paget's disease - breast abscess

21. What converts testosterone to DHT
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
The semiT and the blood vessels
Right gonadal vein - IVC

22. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Complete
50 times
Fibrocystic disease

23. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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24. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Complete
Round ligament of uterus
Inhibit FSH
69 xxy

25. When does spermatogenesis begin?
Turner's XO
Brenner tumor
Testosterone
Puberty

26. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Calcifications
HPV 16 - 18
S aureus

27. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Medullary
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Hyperestrogenism
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor

28. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - increased freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Choriocarcinoma
Hydrocele
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
6

29. decreased synthesis of gonadotropin in the ant pit - anosmia - lack of secondary sex characteristics
Choriocarcinoma
Kallman
17beta estradiol
Upregulation

30. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Inhibition of HCG access

31. testicular masses that can be transilluminated
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Increase (and LH)
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Preeclampsia + siezures

32. How does endometriosis cause infertility
17beta estradiol
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Smooth muscle

33. What are the most common cause of anovluation

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34. What is a concern of early menopause
Myometrial invasion
Peripheral adipose tissue
Preductal coarctication
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

35. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Fibrosis
Testosterone
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure

36. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Fibromas
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

37. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
Inhibition LH and FSH
Epithelial hyperplasia
50 times
increased in total - and dec in free fraction

38. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Squamo - columnar jxn
Dysgerminoma
Female pseudoHerm
Aortic bicuspid valve

39. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Fallopian tube
Mimics LH
Krukenburg tumor
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

40. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Good - late metastasis
Malignant in males not in females
17beta estradiol
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids

41. histo: simple columnar epithelium
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Endocervix
Vagina

42. What is the genetic material in the ovum
Fat necrosis
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Immature
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids

43. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Theca - leutin cysts
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
The semiT and the blood vessels

44. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Complete
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Hyperestrogenism
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

45. What is the average age of onset for menopause
Endometrial carcinoma
4
Decreasing progesterone
51 yo

46. Which androgen is responsible for the closing of the epiphyseal plate
Testosterone
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation

47. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
PANS - pelvic nerve
Ovary
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
1000 times

48. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Male pseudoHerm

49. What does progesterone do to myometrial excitability
Preeclampsia + siezures
Decrease
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Menopause

50. < 21 day cycle
Polymenorrhea
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Decreasing progesterone
Endometrial carcinoma