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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
1 week - 2 weeks
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
17beta estradiol
PCOS

2. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Endometrial carcinoma
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT

3. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
PSA
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Abacterial
17beta estradiol

4. What does gynecomastia result from?
5 alpha reductase def
Meigs syndrome
Hyperestrogenism
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA

5. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Krukenburg tumor
increased risk for carcinoma
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

6. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
Preductal coarctication
Puberty
Tubular carcinoma
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

7. What is a concern of early menopause
Turner's XO
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione

8. Does a leiomyoma progress to leiosarcoma
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
No
Endocervix
Tight junctions between sertoli cells

9. dilated epididymal duct
Spermatocele
Choriocarcinoma
Fibrocystic disease
Serous cystadenocarcinoma

10. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Tubular carcinoma
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Hydatidiform mole

11. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
Spermatocele
Sclerosing adenosis
Epithelial hyperplasia
Cervix

12. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Ectopic preg
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Testosterone
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes

13. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Paget's disease - breast abscess
5 alpha reductase def

14. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Fibrosis
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Inhibition of HCG access
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione

15. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Endometrial carcinoma
Broad ligament
Mature teratoma

16. 2 sperm + empty egg
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Preductal coarctication
Complete
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis

17. How does progesterone inhibit sperm entry to uterus
DCIS
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Turner's XO
Kallman

18. how can struma ovarri present?
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Trophoblasts
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
CIN 1 - 2 - 3

19. What is the source of estrogen after menopause
Peripheral conversion of androgens
69 xxy
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

20. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Down regulation
Krukenburg tumor
Just prior to ovulation
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin

21. Benign - looks like bladder
Testis determining factor
The semiT and the blood vessels
Brenner tumor
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

22. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Hemorrhage
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Post menopausal bleeding

23. is fibroadenoma a precursor to breast cancer
Paget's disease - breast abscess
No
Sclerosing adenosis
55-65

24. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Prior c section - multiparity
Menometrorrhagia
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Leydig cell tumor

25. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Testosterone
Endometrial carcinoma
Prophase

26. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Medullary
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis

27. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Round ligament of the uterus
Squamo - columnar jxn

28. What is the serum marker for BPH
PSA
The semiT and the blood vessels
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate

29. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Uterus
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

30. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
PCOS
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Estradiol
Aortic bicuspid valve

31. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Placenta previa
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Primary hypogonadism

32. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Upregulation
Inhibition LH and FSH
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause

33. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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34. What serum markers are associated with embyronal carcinoma
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
increased AFP and hCG
Phyllodes tumor
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)

35. What complications are associated with polyhydramnios

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36. Breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Tunica vaginalis lesions
increased risk for carcinoma
Acute mastitis
Testosterone

37. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Golgi
Feedback inhibition
Chromosomal abnormalities

38. Breast path - diseases of the stroma
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Adrenal gland
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor

39. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Vagina
Immature
Brenner tumor
Smooth muscle

40. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Para - aortic lymph nodes
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
46 xx
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

41. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Adrenal gland
Theca - leutin cysts
Estradiol > estrone > estriol

42. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Adenomyosis
increased in total - and dec in free fraction

43. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Left
Kallman
Trophoblasts

44. What are the four functions of estrogen
Inhibition of HCG access
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Myometrial tumors

45. testes present with non male external genitals
Immature
Male pseudoHerm
Theca - leutin cysts
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen

46. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Metrorrhagia
Endometrial carcinoma
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis

47. histo: simple columnar epithelium - ciliated
Cervix
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Fallopian tube

48. Connects ovaries to lateral pelvic wall - contains ovarian vessels
Inhibition of HCG access
4
Hyperestrogenism
Suspensory ligament of ovaries

49. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
Fibrosis
Squamous cell carcinoma
Round ligament of uterus
Prior c section - multiparity

50. hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum
Axillary node involvement
Theca - leutin cysts
Corpus luteum cyst
Testosterone