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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Good - late metastasis
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Just prior to ovulation

2. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Hemorrhage
4
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

3. Where is testosterone secreted into?
The semiT and the blood vessels
Follicular cyst
95%
Invasive lobular

4. Which androgen is responsible for differentiation of epididymis - vas deferens - seminal vesicles - internal genitalia (except prostate)
Testosterone
Hydatidiform mole
Koilocytitic
Preeclampsia + siezures

5. What is a true hermaphrodite
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Paget's disease
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY

6. What are the treatments for BPH
Epithelial hyperplasia
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

7. Large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Theca - leutin cysts
Paget cell
Testosterone

8. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
50 times
Abruptio placentae
Polymenorrhea
Endometrial carcinoma

9. 20% of ovarian tumors - benign - lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Endocervix
Serous cystadenoma

10. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - increased LH leading to anovulation
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
PCOS
In the 6th decade of life
Leydig cell tumor

11. dilated vein in pampiniform plexus - bag of worms
Placenta previa
Meigs syndrome
Varicocele
Spermatocele

12. What is the single most important prognostic factor for malignant breast tumors
Klinefelter's - XXY
Axillary node involvement
Sertoli cells
increased in total - and dec in free fraction

13. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Preeclampsia
Proliferation
Maintenance
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility

14. histologic type of fibrocystic with fluid filled - blue dome and ductal dilation
Down regulation
Fibrosis
Cystic
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant

15. What is the right venous drainage of the ovary/testis
Prophase
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Paget's disease - breast abscess

16. malignant - increased hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Invasive lobular
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Choriocarcinoma

17. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Estrogen overstimulation
Golgi

18. What does estrogen do to estrogen - LH and progesterone recepotrs
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Upregulation
Testosterone
Dysgerminoma

19. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Adolescents
Fibrocystic disease

20. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Maintenance
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Menometrorrhagia
Hemorrhage

21. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Hemorrhage
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Mucinous cystadenoma

22. In chronic prostatitis is bacterial or abacterial more common
Para - aortic lymph nodes
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Chromosomal abnormalities
Abacterial

23. What is the most common form of male pseudoHerm
Complete
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Fibroadenoma
DCIS

24. Which phase varies and in length and Which is usually 14 days (menstrual cycle)
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Ligament of the ovary
Brenner tumor
Paget's disease - breast abscess

25. How many functional sperm does 1 germ cell creat?
Koilocytitic
Preeclampsia clinical
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
4

26. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Primary hypogonadism
Acute mastitis
Post menopausal
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

27. how can struma ovarri present?
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Hemorrhage
Estradiol

28. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
4
Down regulation
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC

29. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Relaxation
Fibroadenoma
Increase (and LH)
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

30. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
Metaphase
95%
2nd week of proliferative phase
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

31. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Endometrial carcinoma
PSA
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Fibrosis

32. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Kallman
Fibroadenoma
Testicular lymphoma
Androgen insensitivity syndrome

33. What does progesterone do in the endometrium
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
The centrioles
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor

34. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Round ligament of uterus
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Bicornute uterus

35. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Increase
Phyllodes tumor
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

36. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Primary hypogonadism
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Broad ligament
Paget cell

37. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
55-65
Testosterone

38. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Paget's disease
Choriocarcinoma
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

39. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Puberty
Call exner bodies
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial

40. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
PCOS
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
IV mag sulfate - diazepam

41. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
No
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Fibromas

42. what structures supplies the energy to the middle piece (neck)
Mitochondria
Fibrosis
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity

43. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
During fetal life
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Pseudohermaphroditism

44. Where does prostatic adenocarcinoma arise from?
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Myometrial invasion

45. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Prior c section - multiparity
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Tunica vaginalis lesions

46. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Serous cystadenoma
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin

47. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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48. Breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Tubular carcinoma
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Primary hypogonadism

49. What is DHT responsible for in late development
Partial
Hemorrhage
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Follicular cyst

50. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Sertoli cell tumor
The semiT and the blood vessels
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis