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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does the SRY gene do
Testis determining factor
Cystic
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
IV mag sulfate - diazepam

2. disagreement between the phenotypic and gonadal sex
Phyllodes tumor
Follicular cyst
Pseudohermaphroditism
95%

3. Which system and nerve allow for erection in the male?
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
2nd week of proliferative phase
PANS - pelvic nerve
Preeclampsia clinical

4. How does progesterone inhibit sperm entry to uterus
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
The centrioles

5. histologic type of fibrocystic with fluid filled - blue dome and ductal dilation
Chocolate cyst
Upregulation
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Cystic

6. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Testosterone
Endometriosis
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli

7. How long does it take for sperm to fully develop
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
2 months
5 alpha reductase def
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS

8. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Adrenal gland
Comedocarcinoma
Ectocervix
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

9. Wher does dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix usually begin
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Just prior to ovulation
Leydig cell tumor
Squamo - columnar jxn

10. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Fructose
Corpus luteum cyst
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

11. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Placenta previa
Inhibit FSH

12. Complication of retained placental tissue
Epithelial hyperplasia
Hemorrhage
Endocervix
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

13. Atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
increased risk for carcinoma
Oligomenorrhea

14. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Hydatidiform mole

15. What converts testosterone to DHT
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
17beta estradiol

16. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Sclerosing adenosis

17. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
Cervix
Mucinous cystadenoma
Calcifications
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY

18. dx with increased testosterone and increased LH
Low progesterone
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Defective androgen receptor
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids

19. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
Prematurity
Vagina
95%
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

20. increased AFP - schiller duvel bodies - yellow mucinous
Left
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Preeclampsia clinical

21. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Ectopic preg
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Krukenburg tumor
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

22. Which androgen is responsible for the closing of the epiphyseal plate
Prematurity
Hemorrhage
Testosterone
Vagina

23. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Primary hypogonadism
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Acute mastitis
Mittelschmerz syndrome

24. Which androgens are responsible for the growth spurt of the penis - seminal vesicles - sperm - muscle - RBCs
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Acute mastitis
Testosterone
Round ligament of uterus

25. Red velvety plaques - usually involving the glans - similar to Bowen's
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

26. Which phase varies and in length and Which is usually 14 days (menstrual cycle)
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
No
Testosterone
Posterior lobe peripheral zone

27. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
Fructose
Peyronie's dz
Primary hypogonadism
Phyllodes tumor

28. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
69 xxy

29. What is the treatment for hydatidiform mole
Squamous cell carcinoma
Testosterone
Decrease
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate

30. Connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
51 yo
Cardinal ligament
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff

31. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Trophoblasts
Prior c section - multiparity
Female pseudoHerm
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery

32. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
2 months
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Complete

33. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors

34. What does FSH do
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
1000 times
Invasive lobular
Primary hypogonadism

35. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
55-65
Preeclampsia + siezures
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

36. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY

37. What are the 3 androgens
Choriocarcinoma
Axillary node involvement
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
55-65

38. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
Comedocarcinoma
Fibroadenoma
Preductal coarctication
95%

39. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Down regulation
DCIS
Estrogen overstimulation
increased in total - and dec in free fraction

40. when do primary oocytes complete meiosis I
Follicular cyst
Just prior to ovulation
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Mucinous cystadenoma

41. Benign painless lump - forms as a result of injury to breast tissue - possible history of trauma
Squamo - columnar jxn
69 xxy
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Fat necrosis

42. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Fallopian tube

43. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
Round ligament of uterus
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Mature teratoma
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids

44. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Prophase
Delivery of fetus
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Left

45. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
46 xx
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
During fetal life
Inhibition LH and FSH

46. What is the most common form of male pseudoHerm
Adenomyosis
Endocervix
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Tunica vaginalis lesions

47. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - increased freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Choriocarcinoma
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
No

48. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
Turner's XO
No
Call exner bodies
Sclerosing adenosis

49. What does progesterone do to gonadotropins
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Inhibition LH and FSH
Bicornute uterus
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

50. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Defective androgen receptor
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors