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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Endocervix
No
Smooth muscle
2. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Call exner bodies
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
PSA
Right gonadal vein - IVC
3. >1.5 -2 L of amniotic fluid
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Polyhydramnios
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
4. dilated epididymal duct
Low progesterone
Spermatocele
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Teratoma
5. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Fructose
Bicornute uterus
Menometrorrhagia
Delivery of fetus
6. Histological subtype of fibrocystic with increased number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Comedocarcinoma
Epithelial hyperplasia
Metaphase
Estrogen overstimulation
7. malignant - increased hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
69 xxy
The centrioles
Choriocarcinoma
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
8. Which androgen is responsible for differentiation of epididymis - vas deferens - seminal vesicles - internal genitalia (except prostate)
Testosterone
Calcifications
Pseudohermaphroditism
Proliferation
9. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple
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10. defect in androgen receptor resulting in normal appearing female - rudimentry vagina - no uterus or uterine tubes
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
increased AFP and hCG
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
11. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
Immature
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Mitochondria
12. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Good - late metastasis
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Mimics LH
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
13. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
Krukenburg tumor
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
14. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Granulosa cell tumor
No
Preeclampsia + siezures
15. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Chromosomal abnormalities
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
16. 2 sperm + empty egg
Complete
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Cystic
17. testicular masses that can be transilluminated
Tunica vaginalis lesions
PCOS
Choriocarcinoma
Cervix
18. tumor with orderly row of cells - often multiple and bilateral
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Invasive lobular
Bicornute uterus
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
19. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Endometrial carcinoma
Increase (and LH)
4
20. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Inhibit FSH
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
21. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Intraductal papilloma
Estradiol
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
22. What are the most common tumors in all females?
Mitochondria
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Hemorrhage
Myometrial tumors
23. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Feedback inhibition
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
24. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Acute mastitis
Turner's XO
Round ligament of the uterus
25. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Hydrocele
26. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Broad ligament
Endometriosis
Koilocytitic
Endocervix
27. What are the four functions of estrogen
Krukenburg tumor
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Comedocarcinoma
28. Which androgen is responsible for the closing of the epiphyseal plate
Complete
Metrorrhagia
Testosterone
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
29. What is the average age of onset for menopause
Testosterone
Kallman
51 yo
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
30. Benign - looks like bladder
Varicocele
Invasive ductal
Brenner tumor
Malignant in males not in females
31. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
50 times
17beta estradiol
Defective androgen receptor
Mitochondria
32. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Mitochondria
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Invasive lobular
DCIS
33. Where does prostatic adenocarcinoma arise from?
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Theca - leutin cysts
Adolescents
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
34. When does spermatogenesis begin?
Post menopausal bleeding
Leydig cell tumor
Puberty
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
35. What does LH do
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Axillary node involvement
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
2nd week of proliferative phase
36. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
69 xxy
Paget's disease
DCIS
Ovary
37. Does a leiomyoma progress to leiosarcoma
Prior c section - multiparity
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
No
38. What does hCG do in the first trimester to maintain the corpus luteum
Mimics LH
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Squamous cell carcinoma
Ovary
39. Breast path - diseases of the stroma
Male pseudoHerm
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Relaxation
Corpus luteum cyst
40. What are the treatments for PCOS
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Endometrial carcinoma
Uterus
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
41. histo: simple columnar epithelium
Endocervix
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Paget's disease
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
42. How does progesterone inhibit sperm entry to uterus
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Complete
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
43. When are phyllodes tumors most common
Partial
Hydrocele
55-65
In the 6th decade of life
44. Between What two phases does the sperm acquire the acrosome - flagellum - and middle piece
2 months
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
45. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Delivery of fetus
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Sertoli cell tumor
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
46. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Hemorrhage
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
S aureus
PCOS
47. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Embryonal carcinoma
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
48. Which androgens are responsible for the growth spurt of the penis - seminal vesicles - sperm - muscle - RBCs
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Squamo - columnar jxn
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Testosterone
49. What is the serum marker for BPH
1 week - 2 weeks
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
PSA
The semiT and the blood vessels
50. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Squamous cell carcinoma
Fibrosis
Prophase
Chromosomal abnormalities