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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What causes preeclampsia
increased AFP and hCG
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Myometrial invasion
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

2. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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3. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Prophase
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Testosterone
Testis determining factor

4. What increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Prematurity
Adenomyosis
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

5. What is the common presentation of metastasis in prostate cancer
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Fibromas
Pseudohermaphroditism
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos

6. Large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Paget cell
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Male pseudoHerm

7. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
Medullary
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery

8. What is indicative of a poor prognosis for endometrial carcinoma
Turner's XO
Golgi
Ligament of the ovary
Myometrial invasion

9. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes

10. Which androgen is responsible for the deepening of the voice
Testosterone
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Cervix
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile

11. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Endometrial carcinoma
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Placenta acreta

12. hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Corpus luteum cyst

13. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism

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14. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
Peripheral adipose tissue
Proliferation
Choriocarcinoma
55-65

15. What is the right venous drainage of the ovary/testis
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Delivery of fetus
Vagina
Right gonadal vein - IVC

16. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Teratoma
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs

17. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Increase (and LH)
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Peripheral conversion of androgens

18. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Good - late metastasis
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

19. What does progesterone do in the endometrium
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Testosterone
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

20. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II

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21. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
increased risk for carcinoma
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
2 months
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue

22. What does estrogen do to estrogen - LH and progesterone recepotrs
No
Mature teratoma
Upregulation
17beta estradiol

23. What does progesterone do to body temp
Just prior to ovulation
Call exner bodies
Increase
Turner's XO

24. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck

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25. equivalent to seminoma in the ovary and forms a sheet of uniform cells - marked by hCG and LDH
Increased FSH
Paget's disease
Left
Dysgerminoma

26. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Hydatidiform mole
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Inhibition of HCG access
Ligament of the ovary

27. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
Metrorrhagia
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
55-65
Testicular lymphoma

28. Vaginal sqamous cell carcinoma is most often seconday From which site?
Hydatidiform mole
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Cervix

29. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Primary hypogonadism
Osteoblastic in bone
S aureus
Estrogen overstimulation

30. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

31. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Trophoblasts
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Mucinous cystadenoma
Post menopausal

32. most common testicular cancer in older men
Testicular lymphoma
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Invasive ductal
Immature

33. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
One of the centrioles
Paget's disease
Uterus
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes

34. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Ovary
Acute mastitis
Intraductal papilloma

35. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
S aureus
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL

36. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Preeclampsia
Preductal coarctication
Estradiol > estrone > estriol

37. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Hyperestrogenism
Relaxation
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

38. Benign painless lump - forms as a result of injury to breast tissue - possible history of trauma
Post menopausal
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Testosterone
Fat necrosis

39. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Round ligament of the uterus
Estrogen overstimulation
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC

40. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Preductal coarctication

41. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Sertoli cells
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
No

42. What does the SRY gene do
5 alpha reductase def
Testis determining factor
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
E coli

43. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Calcifications
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Placenta acreta
Aortic bicuspid valve

44. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Testosterone
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism

45. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Fructose
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Complete
Call exner bodies

46. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
Preeclampsia + siezures
Metrorrhagia
Oligohydramnios
IV mag sulfate - diazepam

47. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Primary hypogonadism
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Medullary
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids

48. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
No
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

49. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Preeclampsia + siezures
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Maintenance

50. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
6
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Fat necrosis