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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the treatments for PCOS
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Calcifications
Squamo - columnar jxn
Peripheral conversion of androgens

2. What serum markers are associated with embyronal carcinoma
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Production of a thick cervical mucus
increased AFP and hCG
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta

3. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Bicornute uterus
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa

4. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation

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5. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Menometrorrhagia
Polymenorrhea

6. What complications are associated with polyhydramnios

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7. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Hyperestrogenism
Testosterone
Aortic bicuspid valve
Myometrial tumors

8. What is the main source of energy for spermatozoa
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
51 yo
Fructose
Pseudohermaphroditism

9. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Estradiol
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
1000 times
Osteoblastic in bone

10. When is the peak occurrence of leiomyoma
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
20 to 40
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

11. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse

12. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
95%
Post menopausal bleeding

13. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Endometrial carcinoma
Preeclampsia + siezures
1 week - 2 weeks
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection

14. how can struma ovarri present?
Relaxation
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Preeclampsia clinical
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue

15. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Mature teratoma
Chocolate cyst
Epithelial hyperplasia
Preeclampsia clinical

16. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
One of the centrioles
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Proliferation

17. small follicles filled with eosinphilic secretions
Call exner bodies
Tubular carcinoma
Endocervix
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

18. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Golgi
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
S aureus

19. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Estrogen overstimulation
Left
E coli
Cervix

20. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Smooth muscle
Ectocervix
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

21. Connects uterus - fallopian tubes and ovaries to pelvic side wall - contains ovaries - fallapian tubes - and round ligaments of uterus
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Broad ligament
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Peyronie's dz

22. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Upregulation
Cervix
Varicocele
Medullary

23. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Oligohydramnios
Prior c section - multiparity
Sertoli cell tumor
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

24. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
55-65
Osteoblastic in bone
Down regulation
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa

25. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Aortic bicuspid valve
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
2nd week of proliferative phase
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease

26. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Meigs syndrome
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Polymenorrhea
DCIS

27. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Puberty
Delivery of fetus

28. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
17beta estradiol
Kallman
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor

29. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
17beta estradiol

30. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
One of the centrioles
Mucinous cystadenoma
PCOS

31. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
Maintenance
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Broad ligament

32. Where is androstenedione made?
No
2 months
Adrenal gland
Left

33. What converts testosterone to DHT
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Metaphase

34. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Inhibition of HCG access
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Complete

35. Which androgen is responsible for the closing of the epiphyseal plate
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Testosterone
Hemorrhage
Prior c section - multiparity

36. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism

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37. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Mature teratoma
Endometriosis
Koilocytitic

38. disagreement between the phenotypic and gonadal sex
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Pseudohermaphroditism

39. In chronic prostatitis is bacterial or abacterial more common
Choriocarcinoma
Abacterial
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

40. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Smooth muscle
Acute mastitis
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Hyperestrogenism

41. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Oligohydramnios
Kallman
Fibroadenoma

42. Atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Phyllodes tumor
increased risk for carcinoma
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta

43. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Inhibition of HCG access
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
increased risk for carcinoma
Oligohydramnios

44. Where is SCC of the penis more common and What is it associated with
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
The semiT and the blood vessels

45. malignant - painless homogenous testicular enlargement - most common testicular tumor - affecting males ages 15 to 3 - large cells in lobules with watery cytoplasm and a 'fried egg' appearnace
Osteoblastic in bone
Seminoma
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue

46. what structures supplies the energy to the middle piece (neck)
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Mitochondria
Paget cell
Serous cystadenocarcinoma

47. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Blacks
Sclerosing adenosis
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor

48. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck

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49. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Down regulation
Fallopian tube
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile

50. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Inhibition of HCG access
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs