Test your basic knowledge |

First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
PCOS

2. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
Low progesterone
Increase
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Tunica vaginalis lesions

3. What estrogen does the placenta secrete
Estradiol
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
In the 6th decade of life
Phyllodes tumor

4. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Invasive ductal
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Choriocarcinoma
51 yo

5. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Teratoma
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions

6. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Primary hypogonadism
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Serous cystadenoma
Estradiol > estrone > estriol

7. What does progesterone do to myometrial excitability
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Decrease
Complete

8. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Menopause
Estrogen overstimulation
Para - aortic lymph nodes

9. What is a concern of early menopause
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

10. What causes preeclampsia
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Squamous cell carcinoma
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Placenta acreta

11. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

12. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Primary hypogonadism
Uterus
Immature
69 xxy

13. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism

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14. What are the four functions of estrogen
Maintenance
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Acute mastitis
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

15. defect in androgen receptor resulting in normal appearing female - rudimentry vagina - no uterus or uterine tubes
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
During fetal life
Female pseudoHerm

16. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
Mature teratoma
Insulin resistance
Vagina
Estrogen overstimulation

17. What bacteria is commone in acute prostatitis
Acute mastitis
E coli
Estrogen overstimulation
Preductal coarctication

18. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Preeclampsia
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors

19. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
Complete
Insulin resistance
Prophase
Preeclampsia clinical

20. What serum markers are associated with embyronal carcinoma
Menometrorrhagia
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
increased AFP and hCG
Increase

21. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
DCIS
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

22. Why does the skin resemble an orange peel in inflammatory type of maligantn breast tumor
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Complete
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle

23. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Epithelial hyperplasia
Partial
Blacks
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT

24. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Good - late metastasis
Fibrocystic disease
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

25. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Peripheral adipose tissue
Squamo - columnar jxn
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Testosterone

26. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT

27. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Testosterone
Mitochondria
Turner's XO
Post menopausal

28. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Complete
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Call exner bodies

29. What does gynecomastia result from?
Klinefelter's - XXY
20 to 40
Feedback inhibition
Hyperestrogenism

30. What increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
During fetal life
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Prematurity

31. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
46 xx
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids

32. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Mitochondria

33. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
No
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Prematurity
Post menopausal bleeding

34. What hematologic condition is associated with abruptio placentae
S aureus
DIC
Endocervix
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

35. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility

36. attachment of palceta to lower uterine segment that may occlude internal os - painless bleeding in any trimester
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Squamous cell carcinoma
Smooth muscle
Placenta previa

37. How does progesterone inhibit sperm entry to uterus
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Ectopic preg
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes

38. What are the associated risk factors for malignant breast tumors
Round ligament of the uterus
Abacterial
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
HPV 16 - 18

39. What are the effects of prolactin?
Testis determining factor
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Cardinal ligament
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

40. Benign - looks like bladder
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Brenner tumor
Osteoblastic in bone
2nd week of proliferative phase

41. 2 sperm + empty egg
Fibrocystic disease
Complete
Mature teratoma
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

42. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Left
Oligohydramnios
Pseudohermaphroditism
Insulin resistance

43. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
SANS - hypogastric nerve
DIC
Teratoma
Paget's disease

44. What is the presentation of prostatitis
Testosterone
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Testosterone
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

45. malignant - painless homogenous testicular enlargement - most common testicular tumor - affecting males ages 15 to 3 - large cells in lobules with watery cytoplasm and a 'fried egg' appearnace
Seminoma
Post menopausal
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Cervix

46. What is mortality due to in preeclampsia
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Cardinal ligament
PCOS
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS

47. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Osteoblastic in bone
Insulin resistance
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Post menopausal bleeding

48. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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49. Connects ovaries to lateral pelvic wall - contains ovarian vessels
In the 6th decade of life
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Choriocarcinoma
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

50. What is the single most important prognostic factor for malignant breast tumors
Axillary node involvement
E coli
Upregulation
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors