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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
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Subjects
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health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the four functions of estrogen
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Fibrosis
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Female pseudoHerm
2. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function
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3. What does hCG do in the first trimester to maintain the corpus luteum
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Mimics LH
4. pain with or without bleeding - increased in hCG - sudden lower abdominal pain - mistaken for appendicitis
Ectopic preg
Just prior to ovulation
17beta estradiol
Preeclampsia + siezures
5. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
No
Turner's XO
51 yo
Primary hypogonadism
6. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
1000 times
Malignant in males not in females
Inflammatory
DIC
7. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Partial
8. Wher does dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix usually begin
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Squamo - columnar jxn
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Prior c section - multiparity
9. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - increased freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Inhibition LH and FSH
Choriocarcinoma
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
10. dx with increased testosterone and increased LH
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Defective androgen receptor
11. attachment of palceta to lower uterine segment that may occlude internal os - painless bleeding in any trimester
Left
Placenta previa
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
12. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
51 yo
Bicornute uterus
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
13. What is the common presentation of metastasis in prostate cancer
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Placenta previa
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
14. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Prematurity
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Metrorrhagia
15. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Aortic bicuspid valve
Varicocele
Epithelial hyperplasia
16. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Smooth muscle
20 to 40
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Hydatidiform mole
17. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Prophase
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Koilocytitic
Leydig cell tumor
18. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases
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19. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Ectopic preg
Trophoblasts
Preeclampsia clinical
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
20. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Squamous cell carcinoma
Polyhydramnios
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
21. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Fibrosis
Bicornute uterus
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
22. Which androgen is responsible for differentiation of epididymis - vas deferens - seminal vesicles - internal genitalia (except prostate)
During fetal life
Testis determining factor
Testosterone
Metrorrhagia
23. What does estrogen to do prolaction
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Endometrial carcinoma
24. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Theca - leutin cysts
Metrorrhagia
Immature
25. What is the genetic material in the ovum
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Oligohydramnios
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
26. increased fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Hydrocele
One of the centrioles
27. What is DHT responsible for in early development?
Choriocarcinoma
Oligomenorrhea
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
28. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Complete
Endocervix
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
29. In what phase is meiosis II arrested
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Krukenburg tumor
Metaphase
30. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
increased AFP and hCG
31. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Granulosa cell tumor
32. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
increased risk for carcinoma
Complete
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Female pseudoHerm
33. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
Ligament of the ovary
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Testosterone
34. increased AFP - schiller duvel bodies - yellow mucinous
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Paget cell
Preductal coarctication
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
35. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Krukenburg tumor
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Low progesterone
36. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
Menometrorrhagia
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
No
Choriocarcinoma
37. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Osteoblastic in bone
Theca - leutin cysts
38. How does BPH present
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Kallman
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Inhibition of HCG access
39. Histological subtype of fibrocystic with increased number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Epithelial hyperplasia
Round ligament of uterus
40. Uterin fundus to labia majora
Abruptio placentae
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Krukenburg tumor
Round ligament of uterus
41. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Fibrosis
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Chocolate cyst
42. What is the typical cell change in HPV infection
Theca - leutin cysts
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Koilocytitic
Embryonal carcinoma
43. Why does the skin resemble an orange peel in inflammatory type of maligantn breast tumor
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Inhibit FSH
Klinefelter's - XXY
44. Which androgen is responsible for the deepening of the voice
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Seminoma
Vagina
Testosterone
45. What are the 3 androgens
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Sclerosing adenosis
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Fat necrosis
46. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Testicular lymphoma
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
47. When is follicular growth the fastest?
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
2nd week of proliferative phase
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Hyperestrogenism
48. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Ectocervix
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Estrogen overstimulation
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
49. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
Post menopausal
Turner's XO
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Preductal coarctication
50. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - increased LH leading to anovulation
Acute mastitis
PCOS
Endometrial carcinoma
Fallopian tube
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