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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is a true hermaphrodite
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Decrease
Golgi

2. What does inhibin do?
Turner's XO
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Primary hypogonadism
Inhibit FSH

3. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Polyhydramnios
Feedback inhibition

4. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Adenomyosis

5. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Inflammatory
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Fibroadenoma
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

6. Dermal lymphatic invasion by breast carcinoma - peu d orange
Hyperestrogenism
Granulosa cell tumor
Inflammatory
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles

7. What hematologic condition is associated with abruptio placentae
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Ovary
DIC

8. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure

9. can present as precocious puberty in kids - can cause endometrial hyperplasia/carinoma in adults - abnormal uterine bleeding
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Complete
Granulosa cell tumor
Comedocarcinoma

10. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Defective androgen receptor
Testicular lymphoma
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Embryonal carcinoma

11. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Mimics LH
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis

12. 2 sperm + empty egg
Endometriosis
Squamous cell carcinoma
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Complete

13. What does hCG do in the first trimester to maintain the corpus luteum
51 yo
Endometriosis
Mimics LH
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

14. What is the most common cause of breast lumps from age 25 to menopause
Fibrocystic disease
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Estradiol
Cystic

15. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
69 xxy
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Peripheral conversion of androgens

16. What converts testosterone to DHT
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Sclerosing adenosis
Complete

17. Breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Invasive lobular
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Acute mastitis
DIC

18. What becomes the main source of hCG
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Immature
Aortic bicuspid valve
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta

19. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Brenner tumor
Osteoblastic in bone

20. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Bicornute uterus
Peripheral adipose tissue
Placenta previa

21. premature detachment of placenta from implantation site leading to fetal death
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Leydig cell tumor
Abruptio placentae
Preductal coarctication

22. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Post menopausal bleeding
1000 times
5 alpha reductase def

23. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
Prior c section - multiparity
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Cervix
1 week - 2 weeks

24. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Preeclampsia clinical
Serous cystadenoma
Hyperestrogenism
Comedocarcinoma

25. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Complete
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Choriocarcinoma
Fibromas

26. Which androgens are responsible for the growth spurt of the penis - seminal vesicles - sperm - muscle - RBCs
Post menopausal bleeding
Granulosa cell tumor
Intraductal papilloma
Testosterone

27. What is the right venous drainage of the ovary/testis
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Cardinal ligament
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

28. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Spermatocele
Increased FSH
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Paget cell

29. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Sertoli cells
Increase (and LH)
Aortic bicuspid valve

30. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Testosterone
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
1000 times
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism

31. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
Myometrial invasion
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Blacks
IV mag sulfate - diazepam

32. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Partial
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation

33. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Theca - leutin cysts
Oligomenorrhea
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY

34. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Follicular cyst
Ectocervix
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
2nd week of proliferative phase

35. defect in androgen receptor resulting in normal appearing female - rudimentry vagina - no uterus or uterine tubes
The semiT and the blood vessels
Paget's disease
BPH
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY

36. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Complete
Hydrocele
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

37. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Hydrocele
Prematurity
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Peripheral adipose tissue

38. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Granulosa cell tumor
During fetal life
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS

39. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
PCOS
Good - late metastasis
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

40. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Call exner bodies
Mimics LH
Down regulation
Hydatidiform mole

41. What causes preeclampsia
No
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Preeclampsia clinical
Krukenburg tumor

42. What estrogen does the placenta secrete
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Estradiol
Malignant in males not in females
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione

43. pain with or without bleeding - increased in hCG - sudden lower abdominal pain - mistaken for appendicitis
Ectopic preg
Proliferation
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

44. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Myometrial invasion
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone

45. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Estradiol
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

46. What is HELLP syndrome
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
DCIS
Polyhydramnios
No

47. What are the four functions of estrogen
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Squamo - columnar jxn

48. When is the peak occurrence of leiomyoma
20 to 40
Paget cell
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
50 times

49. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Choriocarcinoma
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

50. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Krukenburg tumor
Teratoma
Round ligament of the uterus
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT