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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Inhibition LH and FSH
Tubular carcinoma
S aureus

2. Connects ovary to lateral uterus
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Cardinal ligament
Ligament of the ovary
HPV 16 - 18

3. histologic type of fibrocystic with hyperplasia of breast stroma
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Peyronie's dz
Fibrosis
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids

4. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Increase (and LH)

5. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
Fat necrosis
Malignant in males not in females
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Choriocarcinoma

6. Histological subtype of fibrocystic with increased number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Epithelial hyperplasia
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Inhibit cGMP breakdown

7. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Invasive ductal
In the 6th decade of life
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Estrogen overstimulation

8. What is mortality due to in preeclampsia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Turner's XO
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Teratoma

9. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Trophoblasts
Squamous cell carcinoma
Myometrial tumors

10. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
2nd week of proliferative phase
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Varicocele

11. increased fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
95%
Hydrocele
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs

12. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Polymenorrhea
During fetal life
Preductal coarctication
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles

13. What becomes the main source of hCG
Fibrocystic disease
Defective androgen receptor
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors

14. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
Squamous cell carcinoma
Placenta previa
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Golgi

15. What are the associated risk factors for malignant breast tumors
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Tunica vaginalis lesions
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity

16. Breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Upregulation
Decreasing progesterone
Acute mastitis
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast

17. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Adrenal gland
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs

18. Red velvety plaques - usually involving the glans - similar to Bowen's
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
2nd week of proliferative phase
Endometriosis
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria

19. What does the tail go onto to form
The centrioles
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Polyhydramnios
Oligomenorrhea

20. When does spermatogenesis begin?
Puberty
5 alpha reductase def
Fat necrosis
Inflammatory

21. What converts testosterone to DHT
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Squamo - columnar jxn
IV mag sulfate - diazepam

22. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Cardinal ligament
Krukenburg tumor
Placenta acreta

23. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Hydatidiform mole
Relaxation
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant

24. multilocular cyst lined by mucus secreting epi - benign - intestine like
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Mucinous cystadenoma
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

25. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Fructose
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Embryonal carcinoma
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen

26. What is the most common cause of breast lumps from age 25 to menopause
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Call exner bodies
Fibrocystic disease
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL

27. What is the average age of onset for menopause
51 yo
Meigs syndrome
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
5 alpha reductase def

28. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Medullary
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Spermatogonia (germ cells)

29. How long does it take for sperm to fully develop
Invasive lobular
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Menometrorrhagia
2 months

30. What estrogen does the placenta secrete
Ligament of the ovary
Chromosomal abnormalities
Estradiol
Testosterone

31. How is prostatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
PCOS
Estrogen overstimulation
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

32. What are the effects of prolactin?
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Mucinous cystadenoma
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

33. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Bicornute uterus
Menometrorrhagia

34. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - increased freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Invasive lobular
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Choriocarcinoma

35. What does estrogen stimulate in the endometrium
Proliferation
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Down regulation

36. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
Decreasing progesterone
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Post menopausal bleeding
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

37. What does progesterone do to body temp
PCOS
Primary hypogonadism
Proliferation
Increase

38. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse

39. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Malignant in males not in females
50 times
Calcifications
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids

40. Which side is varicocele more common on...
In the 6th decade of life
PSA
Preductal coarctication
Left

41. Testosterone and estrogen in androgen insensitivity syndrome
Menopause
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Increase (and LH)
Suspensory ligament of ovaries

42. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure

43. What is the presentation of prostatitis
Malignant in males not in females
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

44. what structures supplies the energy to the middle piece (neck)
Choriocarcinoma
Mitochondria
Fibroadenoma
Ectocervix

45. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Proliferation
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Granulosa cell tumor
Metaphase

46. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Phyllodes tumor
Metaphase
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage

47. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
HPV 16 - 18
Complete
Aortic bicuspid valve
Seminoma

48. What is indicative of a poor prognosis for endometrial carcinoma
Myometrial invasion
Preeclampsia
Puberty
Testosterone

49. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Preeclampsia clinical
Endometrial carcinoma
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Meigs syndrome

50. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Inflammatory
Smooth muscle
Comedocarcinoma
Round ligament of the uterus