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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Sclerosing adenosis
2 months
46 xx
2. What is the common presentation of metastasis in prostate cancer
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
3. What do leydig cells secrete?
Testosterone
Decrease
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
No
4. What does progesterone do to gonadotropins
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Prior c section - multiparity
Inhibition LH and FSH
Tunica vaginalis lesions
5. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Prophase
Inhibit FSH
In the 6th decade of life
Placenta acreta
6. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
PCOS
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
7. is fibroadenoma a precursor to breast cancer
Preductal coarctication
No
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Paget's disease - breast abscess
8. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
Axillary node involvement
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Hemorrhage
9. How does BPH present
Trophoblasts
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
10. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Hydrocele
11. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Round ligament of uterus
Fibroadenoma
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Relaxation
12. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Primary hypogonadism
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
13. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
S aureus
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
5 alpha reductase def
14. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Intraductal papilloma
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
15. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Smooth muscle
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Klinefelter's - XXY
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
16. small follicles filled with eosinphilic secretions
Endometrial carcinoma
17beta estradiol
Call exner bodies
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
17. Atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Spermatocele
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
increased risk for carcinoma
Malignant in males not in females
18. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Maintenance
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Klinefelter's - XXY
Puberty
19. Benign painless lump - forms as a result of injury to breast tissue - possible history of trauma
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Complete
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Fat necrosis
20. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
69 xxy
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
21. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck
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22. What is the best test to confirm menopause
4
BPH
Increased FSH
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
23. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Endometriosis
Increase
Embryonal carcinoma
24. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
Hemorrhage
Fallopian tube
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Complete
25. What are the 3 androgens
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Paget cell
Myometrial tumors
Inhibit FSH
26. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
17beta estradiol
Epithelial hyperplasia
50 times
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
27. What is the source of estrogen after menopause
Endometrial carcinoma
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Immature
Decreasing progesterone
28. > 35 day cycle
Oligomenorrhea
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Seminoma
29. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
Metrorrhagia
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Golgi
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
30. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Calcifications
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
31. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases
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32. What is the right venous drainage of the ovary/testis
Mimics LH
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
33. hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum
Corpus luteum cyst
HPV 16 - 18
DIC
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
34. When is the peak occurrence of leiomyoma
2 months
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Estradiol
20 to 40
35. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
In the 6th decade of life
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
36. What are the four functions of estrogen
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
increased risk for carcinoma
37. Connects ovaries to lateral pelvic wall - contains ovarian vessels
Endometriosis
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Metrorrhagia
38. What does estrogen do to estrogen - LH and progesterone recepotrs
Upregulation
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Ovary
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
39. What is a true hermaphrodite
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Low progesterone
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
40. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Endometriosis
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
41. Which androgen is responsible for the deepening of the voice
Immature
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Klinefelter's - XXY
Testosterone
42. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
69 xxy
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
43. Breast path - diseeases of the lobules
Testosterone
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Down regulation
44. What increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Prematurity
Inhibition of HCG access
Proliferation
Hydrocele
45. Dermal lymphatic invasion by breast carcinoma - peu d orange
Choriocarcinoma
Inflammatory
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Trophoblasts
46. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Decreasing progesterone
No
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Defective androgen receptor
47. how can struma ovarri present?
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Choriocarcinoma
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Paget's disease
48. endometrium within the myometrium
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Adenomyosis
55-65
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
49. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Sclerosing adenosis
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
BPH
50. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Corpus luteum cyst
Fibrosis
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14