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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios
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2. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Estrogen overstimulation
Delivery of fetus
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
3. What is DHT responsible for in late development
2nd week of proliferative phase
Paget's disease
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
4. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Preductal coarctication
Delivery of fetus
Menometrorrhagia
5. frequent bu irregular cycles
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Metrorrhagia
5 alpha reductase def
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
6. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Follicular cyst
Choriocarcinoma
Feedback inhibition
7. Breast path - diseases of the lactiferous sinus
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
8. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Complete
Paget's disease - breast abscess
PANS - pelvic nerve
9. Atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
increased risk for carcinoma
Preeclampsia + siezures
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
DIC
10. What is HELLP syndrome
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Post menopausal bleeding
Brenner tumor
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
11. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Spermatocele
Peripheral adipose tissue
Calcifications
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
12. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
50 times
46 xx
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Endocervix
13. pain with or without bleeding - increased in hCG - sudden lower abdominal pain - mistaken for appendicitis
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Chocolate cyst
Oligohydramnios
Ectopic preg
14. What does progesterone do to gonadotropins
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Proliferation
Inhibition LH and FSH
15. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Follicular cyst
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
16. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
17. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Prematurity
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
18. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Smooth muscle
19. Breast path - diseases of the major duct
Proliferation
Chocolate cyst
No
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
20. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Mimics LH
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Ectocervix
21. How does progesterone inhibit sperm entry to uterus
Abacterial
Production of a thick cervical mucus
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
22. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Krukenburg tumor
Round ligament of uterus
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
23. >1.5 -2 L of amniotic fluid
51 yo
Testosterone
Polyhydramnios
Broad ligament
24. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Sclerosing adenosis
Oligohydramnios
Decreasing progesterone
25. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Mimics LH
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Prior c section - multiparity
26. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Bicornute uterus
Estrogen overstimulation
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
27. How is prostatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Post menopausal bleeding
Puberty
46 xx
28. What is the most common form of male pseudoHerm
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Leydig cell tumor
29. Ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma
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30. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
PCOS
Kallman
31. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
32. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Kallman
Medullary
Fat necrosis
33. When are phyllodes tumors most common
In the 6th decade of life
Oligomenorrhea
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
34. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
Comedocarcinoma
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Paget's disease
PANS - pelvic nerve
35. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Granulosa cell tumor
Testicular lymphoma
Primary hypogonadism
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
36. Which androgens are responsible for the growth spurt of the penis - seminal vesicles - sperm - muscle - RBCs
Round ligament of uterus
Maintenance
Testosterone
Placenta previa
37. Connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Insulin resistance
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Partial
Cardinal ligament
38. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Hydrocele
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Menopause
39. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
95%
Peripheral adipose tissue
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
40. increased AFP - schiller duvel bodies - yellow mucinous
Inhibit FSH
PCOS
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Uterus
41. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
Myometrial tumors
Complete
69 xxy
Follicular cyst
42. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Menopause
Fibroadenoma
43. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Adenomyosis
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
44. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck
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45. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Sertoli cells
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
No
Decrease
46. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Mature teratoma
Upregulation
47. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Intraductal papilloma
Endocervix
48. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
No
Endometriosis
49. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Intraductal papilloma
Decreasing progesterone
Insulin resistance
50. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - increased LH leading to anovulation
Ectocervix
PCOS
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Preductal coarctication
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