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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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2. How does BPH present
51 yo
Ligament of the ovary
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Post menopausal bleeding

3. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
Kallman
Complete
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

4. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Endometrial carcinoma
Comedocarcinoma
Ligament of the ovary

5. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Estrogen overstimulation
Chromosomal abnormalities
Preeclampsia clinical

6. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Fat necrosis
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

7. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Granulosa cell tumor
Left
Hydatidiform mole
Meigs syndrome

8. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
No
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
1 week - 2 weeks

9. What does estrogen stimulate in the endometrium
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Proliferation
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis

10. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Oligohydramnios
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Paget's disease
Trophoblasts

11. decreased estrogen - increased FSH - LH - signs of menopause after puberty but before 40
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Koilocytitic
No
Axillary node involvement

12. What do leydig cells secrete?
Primary hypogonadism
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Testosterone
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

13. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids

14. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Oligomenorrhea
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa

15. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple

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16. Ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma

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17. tumor with orderly row of cells - often multiple and bilateral
Invasive lobular
Chromosomal abnormalities
Granulosa cell tumor
Puberty

18. What is DHT responsible for in early development?
6
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Ectocervix
Trophoblasts

19. Where is the enlargement found in BPH
Klinefelter's - XXY
20 to 40
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Abacterial

20. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Brenner tumor
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Fibroadenoma

21. What complications are associated with polyhydramnios

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22. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Complete
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Ectocervix
S aureus

23. What are the effects of prolactin?
Hyperestrogenism
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
The centrioles

24. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Hyperestrogenism
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Prophase
SANS - hypogastric nerve

25. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
PSA
4
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant

26. What is the presentation of prostatitis
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Calcifications
Medullary
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

27. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Round ligament of the uterus
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Good - late metastasis
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)

28. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
46 xx
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

29. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
Oligomenorrhea
1000 times
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
4

30. 20% of ovarian tumors - benign - lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Choriocarcinoma
Serous cystadenoma
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant

31. What is the genetic material in the secondary oocyte?
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Chocolate cyst

32. decreased synthesis of gonadotropin in the ant pit - anosmia - lack of secondary sex characteristics
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
During fetal life
Kallman
PCOS

33. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Follicular cyst
Increased FSH
Vagina

34. Large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Paget cell
95%
Placenta acreta

35. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Follicular cyst

36. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Feedback inhibition
Sertoli cells
Calcifications
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery

37. What are the treatments for PCOS
Complete
Puberty
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Cardinal ligament

38. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Endometrial carcinoma
Ovary
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity

39. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Pseudohermaphroditism
S aureus
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Axillary node involvement

40. What does progesterone do to body temp
Increase
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
HPV 16 - 18
Just prior to ovulation

41. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
17beta estradiol
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY

42. increased fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Hydrocele
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa

43. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Prophase
Dysgerminoma
Teratoma

44. malignant - increased hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
No
Just prior to ovulation
Klinefelter's - XXY
Choriocarcinoma

45. What does hCG do in the first trimester to maintain the corpus luteum
Mimics LH
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

46. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Adolescents
Uterus
Invasive lobular
Fallopian tube

47. What is the serum marker for BPH
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
PSA
Inhibition of HCG access

48. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Hyperestrogenism
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Intraductal papilloma
4

49. how can struma ovarri present?
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Complete

50. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Ectocervix
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2