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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What does gynecomastia result from?
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Hyperestrogenism
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
50 times
2. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck
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3. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - increased freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Choriocarcinoma
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
4. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
5. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Dysgerminoma
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
6. What are the treatments for BPH
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Granulosa cell tumor
Maintenance
Good - late metastasis
7. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
DIC
Para - aortic lymph nodes
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Testosterone
8. What does estrogen stimulate in the endometrium
Mature teratoma
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Proliferation
Squamo - columnar jxn
9. dx with increased testosterone and increased LH
Mature teratoma
Down regulation
The semiT and the blood vessels
Defective androgen receptor
10. What becomes the main source of hCG
Hemorrhage
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Inflammatory
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
11. What is a true hermaphrodite
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Chocolate cyst
Round ligament of the uterus
Prior c section - multiparity
12. What are the treatments for PCOS
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
69 xxy
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
13. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Fibrosis
14. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Paget cell
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
15. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
Invasive lobular
55-65
Peripheral adipose tissue
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
16. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
5 alpha reductase def
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
E coli
Increase (and LH)
17. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Placenta acreta
Preeclampsia
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
18. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Adenomyosis
Low progesterone
Delivery of fetus
Invasive lobular
19. Where is androstenedione made?
Adrenal gland
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
20. histo: simple columnar epithelium - ciliated
Complete
Testosterone
Fallopian tube
Adolescents
21. Where is SCC of the penis more common and What is it associated with
Round ligament of uterus
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Comedocarcinoma
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
22. What increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Prematurity
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
69 xxy
BPH
23. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Down regulation
Blacks
Fat necrosis
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
24. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Aortic bicuspid valve
increased AFP and hCG
Bicornute uterus
25. Which androgen is responsible for libido
Menometrorrhagia
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Testosterone
Corpus luteum cyst
26. What is the most common form of male pseudoHerm
No
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
The centrioles
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
27. What does the tail go onto to form
Post menopausal bleeding
Hydrocele
Chromosomal abnormalities
The centrioles
28. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
2 months
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Polymenorrhea
Paget cell
29. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
1000 times
Insulin resistance
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
30. what structures supplies the energy to the middle piece (neck)
Smooth muscle
Estradiol
Complete
Mitochondria
31. What bacteria is commone in acute prostatitis
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
E coli
17beta estradiol
Corpus luteum cyst
32. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
1 week - 2 weeks
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
55-65
Squamous cell carcinoma
33. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
34. histologic type of fibrocystic with hyperplasia of breast stroma
51 yo
Fibrosis
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Mimics LH
35. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Brenner tumor
Delivery of fetus
DCIS
36. distention of unruptured graafian follicle
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Follicular cyst
50 times
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
37. What is the average age of onset for menopause
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Chocolate cyst
51 yo
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
38. What are the effects of prolactin?
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Hemorrhage
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
39. In what phase is meiosis II arrested
Decrease
Paget's disease
Sclerosing adenosis
Metaphase
40. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Choriocarcinoma
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
41. How many days after fertilization does implantation occur?
Testosterone
Peyronie's dz
Phyllodes tumor
6
42. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Testosterone
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Chromosomal abnormalities
43. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
Klinefelter's - XXY
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Good - late metastasis
Decreasing progesterone
44. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Endometriosis
Down regulation
Chromosomal abnormalities
45. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Myometrial invasion
Mimics LH
Malignant in males not in females
46. histo: simple columnar epithelium
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
50 times
Adenomyosis
Endocervix
47. What complications are associated with polyhydramnios
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48. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Acute mastitis
Complete
increased AFP and hCG
Endometrial carcinoma
49. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Abacterial
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
50. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Phyllodes tumor
Paget cell
Endometrial carcinoma
Hyperestrogenism