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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Hemorrhage
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Peripheral adipose tissue
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

2. when do primary oocytes complete meiosis I
Just prior to ovulation
Kallman
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Follicular cyst

3. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Fibrocystic disease
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids

4. 2 sperm + empty egg
Peripheral adipose tissue
Mimics LH
Complete
Down regulation

5. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
No
Intraductal papilloma
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

6. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
PSA
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Decrease
increased risk for carcinoma

7. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Increase (and LH)
Inhibition of HCG access
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis

8. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Broad ligament
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
1000 times

9. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Preeclampsia clinical
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection

10. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Sclerosing adenosis
Prior c section - multiparity
Estrogen overstimulation
Prophase

11. endometrium within the myometrium
Adenomyosis
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids

12. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Invasive lobular
Prophase
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism

13. decreased estrogen - increased FSH - LH - signs of menopause after puberty but before 40
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Preeclampsia clinical
Preeclampsia

14. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse

15. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Testosterone
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Adolescents

16. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Preeclampsia clinical
Preeclampsia + siezures
Calcifications
Theca - leutin cysts

17. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Relaxation
Meigs syndrome
Mucinous cystadenoma

18. dilated vein in pampiniform plexus - bag of worms
Varicocele
Turner's XO
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome

19. What is DHT responsible for in late development
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Primary hypogonadism
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
PSA

20. >1.5 -2 L of amniotic fluid
Polyhydramnios
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

21. Which androgens are responsible for the growth spurt of the penis - seminal vesicles - sperm - muscle - RBCs
Testosterone
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Mimics LH
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision

22. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Fibroadenoma
Trophoblasts
Broad ligament
Production of a thick cervical mucus

23. most common testicular cancer in older men
Testicular lymphoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Complete
Round ligament of uterus

24. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Mimics LH
Adolescents
Calcifications

25. Connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Puberty
Good - late metastasis
Cardinal ligament
Placenta acreta

26. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Primary hypogonadism
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Metaphase
Ovary

27. What are the four functions of estrogen
Fallopian tube
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL

28. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Maintenance
Increase
Uterus
Post menopausal bleeding

29. Breast path - diseases of the stroma
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
BPH
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
No

30. Benign painless lump - forms as a result of injury to breast tissue - possible history of trauma
Fat necrosis
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
1 week - 2 weeks
Medullary

31. How long does it take for sperm to fully develop
Klinefelter's - XXY
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
2 months
Androgen insensitivity syndrome

32. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Meigs syndrome
Complete
PANS - pelvic nerve
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage

33. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
95%
Sclerosing adenosis
S aureus

34. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Medullary
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Abacterial

35. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
HPV 16 - 18
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Corpus luteum cyst

36. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Choriocarcinoma
S aureus

37. malignant - increased hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Mature teratoma
Choriocarcinoma
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Testosterone

38. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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39. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
Post menopausal bleeding
Fibroadenoma
17beta estradiol
Intraductal papilloma

40. What is a concern of early menopause
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Klinefelter's - XXY
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

41. What is mortality due to in preeclampsia
DCIS
Male pseudoHerm
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Testosterone

42. histologic type of fibrocystic with hyperplasia of breast stroma
Fibrosis
PSA
Placenta acreta
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

43. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Increase (and LH)
Myometrial invasion
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

44. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Preductal coarctication
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Partial
Malignant in males not in females

45. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
increased risk for carcinoma

46. When is the peak occurrence of leiomyoma
20 to 40
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Delivery of fetus
Complete

47. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Para - aortic lymph nodes

48. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Estrogen overstimulation
Fallopian tube
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Tight junctions between sertoli cells

49. What bacteria is commone in acute prostatitis
Ectocervix
Increase (and LH)
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
E coli

50. defective decidual later allows placenta to attach to myometrium - massive bleeding after delivery
Partial
Placenta acreta
Blacks
Calcifications