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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What causes preeclampsia
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
PANS - pelvic nerve
Estradiol
Fallopian tube
2. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
95%
Upregulation
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Tubular carcinoma
3. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Inhibit FSH
4. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
95%
Female pseudoHerm
5. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Endometrial carcinoma
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Brenner tumor
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
6. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Preductal coarctication
Squamous cell carcinoma
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
7. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Blacks
50 times
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
8. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Just prior to ovulation
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
9. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
17beta estradiol
Turner's XO
Preeclampsia
Decrease
10. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Metrorrhagia
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
11. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Left
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Placenta previa
Corpus luteum cyst
12. frequent bu irregular cycles
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Metrorrhagia
Smooth muscle
13. What bacteria is commone in acute prostatitis
Prophase
E coli
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Trophoblasts
14. What does gynecomastia result from?
Hyperestrogenism
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Broad ligament
No
15. How does BPH present
Axillary node involvement
Prematurity
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Insulin resistance
16. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma
Decreasing progesterone
Prematurity
Round ligament of the uterus
17. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Mitochondria
Preeclampsia
Placenta acreta
18. Large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Hydrocele
Paget cell
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Seminoma
19. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Prior c section - multiparity
Medullary
No
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
20. tumor with orderly row of cells - often multiple and bilateral
Metrorrhagia
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Fallopian tube
Invasive lobular
21. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Testosterone
20 to 40
Ectocervix
Myometrial invasion
22. What is the best test to confirm menopause
One of the centrioles
Ectopic preg
Preeclampsia
Increased FSH
23. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Adenomyosis
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Post menopausal bleeding
24. What is the genetic material in the ovum
Theca - leutin cysts
Testosterone
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Placenta previa
25. Connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Cardinal ligament
Vagina
Varicocele
PSA
26. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Calcifications
Sertoli cell tumor
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
27. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Mucinous cystadenoma
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Invasive ductal
Krukenburg tumor
28. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Fat necrosis
Insulin resistance
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
29. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
51 yo
Estradiol
No
30. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
51 yo
Delivery of fetus
Calcifications
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
31. What does estrogen stimulate in the endometrium
Inhibit FSH
Inflammatory
Proliferation
Squamo - columnar jxn
32. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Preeclampsia + siezures
46 xx
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Inhibit FSH
33. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Aortic bicuspid valve
Fibroadenoma
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
34. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Adrenal gland
Post menopausal bleeding
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
35. What are the four functions of estrogen
69 xxy
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
36. Histological subtype of fibrocystic with increased number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Epithelial hyperplasia
S aureus
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
37. What are the associated risk factors for malignant breast tumors
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Defective androgen receptor
Klinefelter's - XXY
38. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
Comedocarcinoma
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
39. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Female pseudoHerm
Fibromas
20 to 40
DCIS
40. Complication of retained placental tissue
Hydatidiform mole
Hemorrhage
S aureus
51 yo
41. small follicles filled with eosinphilic secretions
Call exner bodies
Theca - leutin cysts
95%
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
42. Which androgen is responsible for the closing of the epiphyseal plate
Inhibition LH and FSH
Testosterone
Spermatocele
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
43. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Complete
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
44. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Testicular lymphoma
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Cardinal ligament
45. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Embryonal carcinoma
Prophase
Upregulation
Tubular carcinoma
46. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
20 to 40
Calcifications
Preeclampsia clinical
47. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Invasive lobular
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
48. What does estrogen do to estrogen - LH and progesterone recepotrs
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Upregulation
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
49. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Axillary node involvement
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
50. What are the treatments for PCOS
Ectopic preg
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial