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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is mortality due to in preeclampsia
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Mucinous cystadenoma
Adenomyosis
The semiT and the blood vessels

2. How many functional sperm does 1 germ cell creat?
4
Endometriosis
Medullary
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation

3. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Squamo - columnar jxn
Leydig cell tumor
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC

4. Dermal lymphatic invasion by breast carcinoma - peu d orange
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Myometrial tumors
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Inflammatory

5. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Production of a thick cervical mucus
20 to 40
Theca - leutin cysts
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles

6. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Testicular lymphoma
6
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Menopause

7. histo: simple columnar epithelium
Endocervix
Post menopausal
Increased FSH
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids

8. What is the average age of onset for menopause
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Theca - leutin cysts
Abruptio placentae
51 yo

9. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Mitochondria
Round ligament of uterus
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione

10. What are the treatments for BPH
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Mitochondria
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

11. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Metrorrhagia
50 times

12. predisposing factor to clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
17beta estradiol
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue

13. Testosterone and estrogen in androgen insensitivity syndrome
Increase (and LH)
50 times
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism

14. Uterin fundus to labia majora
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Round ligament of uterus
Ligament of the ovary
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis

15. What is the treatment for preeclampsia
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Dysgerminoma
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Delivery of fetus

16. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
Abacterial
Metrorrhagia
Vagina
Golgi

17. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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18. What is the genetic material in the ovum
Follicular cyst
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Cystic

19. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Para - aortic lymph nodes
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Low progesterone
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

20. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation

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21. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Post menopausal
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

22. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT

23. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Endocervix
Decrease
1000 times

24. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Adenomyosis
Feedback inhibition
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

25. What is the source of estrogen after menopause
Male pseudoHerm
Blacks
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Peripheral conversion of androgens

26. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Complete
Inhibition of HCG access
Increase (and LH)

27. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
No
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Down regulation

28. malignant - painful - often glandular/papillary morphology testicular germ cell tumor that can differentiate into other tumors
Embryonal carcinoma
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Oligomenorrhea

29. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Cystic
5 alpha reductase def
Left
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff

30. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
PCOS
Brenner tumor
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

31. Which system and nerve allow for erection in the male?
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
PANS - pelvic nerve
Hydrocele
Theca - leutin cysts

32. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
20 to 40
Polyhydramnios
95%
Posterior lobe peripheral zone

33. What do leydig cells secrete?
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Immature
Testosterone
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

34. tumor with orderly row of cells - often multiple and bilateral
Invasive lobular
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Menopause

35. A leimyoma is overgrowth of what cell
Smooth muscle
Ectocervix
No
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary

36. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Mature teratoma
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Bicornute uterus

37. When is follicular growth the fastest?
2nd week of proliferative phase
Hyperestrogenism
Follicular cyst
Serous cystadenocarcinoma

38. What increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Prematurity
Follicular cyst
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY

39. What virus is dyslapsia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix associated with
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
2nd week of proliferative phase
HPV 16 - 18
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)

40. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Theca - leutin cysts
4
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

41. What does estrogen do to estrogen - LH and progesterone recepotrs
Endocervix
Upregulation
Paget cell
Chromosomal abnormalities

42. Why does the skin resemble an orange peel in inflammatory type of maligantn breast tumor
1 week - 2 weeks
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Testosterone

43. malignant - painless homogenous testicular enlargement - most common testicular tumor - affecting males ages 15 to 3 - large cells in lobules with watery cytoplasm and a 'fried egg' appearnace
Fibroadenoma
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Seminoma
Dysgerminoma

44. What is HELLP syndrome
Prematurity
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Fibromas
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets

45. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Round ligament of the uterus
Maintenance
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Theca - leutin cysts

46. increased fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
69 xxy
Calcifications
Hydrocele

47. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
1000 times
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Testosterone

48. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Menometrorrhagia
Decrease
Ovary
Oligohydramnios

49. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
50 times
DCIS
Testosterone
Round ligament of the uterus

50. What is a concern of early menopause
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Cystic
increased AFP and hCG