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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Down regulation
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
2. 2 sperm + empty egg
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Primary hypogonadism
Complete
Fibrocystic disease
3. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
Follicular cyst
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Placenta previa
Decreasing progesterone
4. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Turner's XO
Bicornute uterus
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
PCOS
5. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
Invasive ductal
Fibrosis
Testosterone
Sclerosing adenosis
6. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Turner's XO
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
PANS - pelvic nerve
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
7. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Female pseudoHerm
8. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Fibroadenoma
Blacks
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
9. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Ectocervix
Hemorrhage
10. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Chocolate cyst
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Fibroadenoma
Increase (and LH)
11. What does LH do
Inhibition LH and FSH
51 yo
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
12. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Osteoblastic in bone
Inhibition LH and FSH
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
13. equivalent to seminoma in the ovary and forms a sheet of uniform cells - marked by hCG and LDH
Prior c section - multiparity
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Dysgerminoma
14. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Kallman
Calcifications
Round ligament of the uterus
15. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
Preductal coarctication
Spermatocele
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Mature teratoma
16. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Increase
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Partial
17. Testosterone and estrogen in androgen insensitivity syndrome
Increase (and LH)
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
E coli
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
18. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Choriocarcinoma
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Prior c section - multiparity
19. What hematologic condition is associated with abruptio placentae
Complete
Axillary node involvement
DIC
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
20. What are the effects of prolactin?
Serous cystadenoma
Metrorrhagia
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Production of a thick cervical mucus
21. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Fat necrosis
Good - late metastasis
22. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Polyhydramnios
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Myometrial tumors
Hyperestrogenism
23. histologic type of fibrocystic with hyperplasia of breast stroma
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Fibrosis
Ectocervix
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
24. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Testicular lymphoma
25. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Post menopausal bleeding
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
26. Which androgen is responsible for libido
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Vagina
Testosterone
Turner's XO
27. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Inhibition of HCG access
Inhibit FSH
Oligomenorrhea
28. What are the 3 androgens
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Complete
29. Where is androstenedione made?
Adrenal gland
Preeclampsia
Complete
Fibroadenoma
30. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Endocervix
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
69 xxy
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
31. malignant - painful - often glandular/papillary morphology testicular germ cell tumor that can differentiate into other tumors
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Embryonal carcinoma
55-65
32. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
Leydig cell tumor
Round ligament of the uterus
Golgi
Abacterial
33. What is the serum marker for BPH
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
PSA
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Preeclampsia + siezures
34. decreased estrogen - increased FSH - LH - signs of menopause after puberty but before 40
Maintenance
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Testosterone
35. frequent bu irregular cycles
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Metrorrhagia
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
36. histo: simple columnar epithelium - pseudostratified tubular glands
Uterus
Abacterial
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
37. testicular masses that can be transilluminated
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Chocolate cyst
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
38. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Corpus luteum cyst
Granulosa cell tumor
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
DCIS
39. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
Vagina
69 xxy
Kallman
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
40. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Decrease
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
41. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Endocervix
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
42. Breast path - diseases of the lactiferous sinus
Upregulation
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
43. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Low progesterone
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Down regulation
44. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation
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45. What is the single most important prognostic factor for malignant breast tumors
Turner's XO
Axillary node involvement
Varicocele
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
46. hyperplasia - not hypertrophy of the prostate gland
BPH
Cervix
Inhibition of HCG access
Polymenorrhea
47. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
No
Complete
Oligohydramnios
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
48. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Adolescents
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
49. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Trophoblasts
Teratoma
Polymenorrhea
Theca - leutin cysts
50. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Epithelial hyperplasia
6
55-65