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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Post menopausal
Post menopausal bleeding
Kallman
2. Which androgen is responsible for the closing of the epiphyseal plate
Good - late metastasis
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Testosterone
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
3. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Phyllodes tumor
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
6
Decreasing progesterone
4. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Round ligament of the uterus
Leydig cell tumor
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
5. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
Testosterone
Kallman
Mature teratoma
Good - late metastasis
6. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
No
Chromosomal abnormalities
7. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Just prior to ovulation
Krukenburg tumor
Round ligament of uterus
Fallopian tube
8. What does FSH do
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Adolescents
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
9. What causes preeclampsia
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Endometrial carcinoma
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
10. What are the four functions of estrogen
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Menometrorrhagia
Medullary
Osteoblastic in bone
11. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Fallopian tube
Testicular lymphoma
Calcifications
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
12. Breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Post menopausal bleeding
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Acute mastitis
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
13. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Choriocarcinoma
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
14. What are the effects of prolactin?
Chromosomal abnormalities
increased AFP and hCG
6
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
15. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Preductal coarctication
Hydatidiform mole
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Para - aortic lymph nodes
16. Which androgen is responsible for libido
Testosterone
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Squamo - columnar jxn
Ectopic preg
17. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Phyllodes tumor
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Ectocervix
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
18. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
One of the centrioles
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Left
19. eclampsia
Preeclampsia + siezures
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Relaxation
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
20. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Hemorrhage
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
21. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Testosterone
Blacks
Fibrocystic disease
Choriocarcinoma
22. hyperplasia - not hypertrophy of the prostate gland
BPH
Menometrorrhagia
Prior c section - multiparity
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
23. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Inhibition of HCG access
Post menopausal bleeding
No
24. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Acute mastitis
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
25. dx with increased testosterone and increased LH
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
51 yo
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Defective androgen receptor
26. disagreement between the phenotypic and gonadal sex
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
E coli
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Pseudohermaphroditism
27. How many functional sperm does 1 germ cell creat?
The centrioles
Uterus
Mature teratoma
4
28. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
Sertoli cells
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Sclerosing adenosis
Endocervix
29. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
30. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
1 week - 2 weeks
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Ovary
31. When are phyllodes tumors most common
S aureus
In the 6th decade of life
Seminoma
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
32. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
69 xxy
Decreasing progesterone
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
50 times
33. What is the right venous drainage of the ovary/testis
51 yo
Turner's XO
20 to 40
Right gonadal vein - IVC
34. Complications of BPH
Osteoblastic in bone
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Preeclampsia clinical
Oligomenorrhea
35. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Menopause
The centrioles
Inflammatory
36. Some drugs cause awesome knockers
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Increase
37. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Male pseudoHerm
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
38. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Post menopausal bleeding
PCOS
Down regulation
39. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Blacks
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
40. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
41. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Choriocarcinoma
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Preeclampsia
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
42. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Aortic bicuspid valve
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
43. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Metaphase
Oligohydramnios
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
44. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
Prophase
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Varicocele
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
45. What serum markers are associated with embyronal carcinoma
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Production of a thick cervical mucus
increased AFP and hCG
46. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Male pseudoHerm
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Maintenance
Calcifications
47. What is DHT responsible for in early development?
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
95%
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
48. small follicles filled with eosinphilic secretions
Broad ligament
Golgi
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Call exner bodies
49. What do leydig cells secrete?
Low progesterone
Defective androgen receptor
Peyronie's dz
Testosterone
50. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
2 months
Prophase
Leydig cell tumor
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin