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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Polymenorrhea
Theca - leutin cysts
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor

2. What is DHT responsible for in late development
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Fibromas
Testosterone

3. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Squamous cell carcinoma
Ligament of the ovary
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome

4. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
E coli
Maintenance
Relaxation

5. What does the SRY gene do
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
51 yo
Testis determining factor
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione

6. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Choriocarcinoma
Ectocervix
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Adolescents

7. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Primary hypogonadism
20 to 40
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
HPV 16 - 18

8. testes present with non male external genitals
Choriocarcinoma
Preeclampsia clinical
Male pseudoHerm
Androgen insensitivity syndrome

9. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II

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10. What is the main source of energy for spermatozoa
Fructose
95%
Metrorrhagia
2nd week of proliferative phase

11. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Sertoli cell tumor
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Increase (and LH)
Polymenorrhea

12. When are phyllodes tumors most common
In the 6th decade of life
Calcifications
Epithelial hyperplasia
increased risk for carcinoma

13. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Corpus luteum cyst
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Koilocytitic
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial

14. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Delivery of fetus
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA

15. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Golgi
Round ligament of the uterus
Partial

16. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Sertoli cells
Oligohydramnios
Acute mastitis

17. premature detachment of placenta from implantation site leading to fetal death
Abruptio placentae
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Decreasing progesterone
Polyhydramnios

18. What are the most common tumors in all females?
69 xxy
Adrenal gland
Myometrial tumors
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

19. increased AFP - schiller duvel bodies - yellow mucinous
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Klinefelter's - XXY
Low progesterone

20. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Partial
Inhibition LH and FSH
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
6

21. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Para - aortic lymph nodes
2 months
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets

22. What is the most common cause of breast lumps from age 25 to menopause
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Fibrocystic disease
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

23. how can struma ovarri present?
Oligomenorrhea
Maintenance
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Medullary

24. < 21 day cycle
Polymenorrhea
Squamous cell carcinoma
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
No

25. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Abruptio placentae
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision

26. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Golgi
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile

27. Some drugs cause awesome knockers
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
4
Round ligament of the uterus
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue

28. hyperplasia - not hypertrophy of the prostate gland
Comedocarcinoma
Choriocarcinoma
Sertoli cells
BPH

29. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Endometrial carcinoma
Complete
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Peripheral conversion of androgens

30. Complication of retained placental tissue
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Primary hypogonadism
Tubular carcinoma
Hemorrhage

31. decreased synthesis of gonadotropin in the ant pit - anosmia - lack of secondary sex characteristics
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
E coli
Kallman

32. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
1 week - 2 weeks
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

33. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Ectocervix
Leydig cell tumor
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Increased FSH

34. What does progesterone do to gonadotropins
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Upregulation
Preeclampsia
Inhibition LH and FSH

35. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
S aureus
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Peripheral adipose tissue

36. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
Mitochondria
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Bicornute uterus

37. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Testosterone
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2

38. How many days after fertilization does implantation occur?
Feedback inhibition
Choriocarcinoma
Decrease
6

39. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Teratoma
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
20 to 40

40. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
PCOS
Inflammatory
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation

41. bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts - pulling sensation in the groin
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Fibromas
Endometrial carcinoma

42. How does BPH present
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
1000 times

43. What is the common presentation of metastasis in prostate cancer
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Inflammatory
Calcifications

44. when do primary oocytes begin meiosis I
Decrease
During fetal life
6
Cystic

45. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Koilocytitic
Left
Comedocarcinoma
55-65

46. Breast path - diseases of the stroma
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Metrorrhagia
69 xxy
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor

47. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
Vagina
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Testicular lymphoma
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone

48. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Menometrorrhagia
Intraductal papilloma
Uterus
Suspensory ligament of ovaries

49. What is the flaggelum derived from
Granulosa cell tumor
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
One of the centrioles
Oligohydramnios

50. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Vagina
Chromosomal abnormalities
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Increased FSH