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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Endometrial carcinoma
95%
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

2. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Maintenance
Sclerosing adenosis
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor

3. histo: simple columnar epithelium - pseudostratified tubular glands
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
The centrioles
Uterus
Prior c section - multiparity

4. What effect does NE have on smoothe muscle in the erectile tissues
Adolescents
Smooth muscle
Production of a thick cervical mucus
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile

5. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Inhibition LH and FSH
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Fibroadenoma
Chromosomal abnormalities

6. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Mimics LH
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
S aureus
Post menopausal bleeding

7. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Osteoblastic in bone
Bicornute uterus
Testosterone

8. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Feedback inhibition

9. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
1 week - 2 weeks
Cardinal ligament
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage

10. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
During fetal life
One of the centrioles
Teratoma

11. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Theca - leutin cysts
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Ectocervix
The semiT and the blood vessels

12. Where is androstenedione made?
Menopause
Polyhydramnios
Adrenal gland
Turner's XO

13. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
increased AFP and hCG
Embryonal carcinoma
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Good - late metastasis

14. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Spermatocele
5 alpha reductase def
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

15. Breast path - diseases of the lactiferous sinus
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis

16. What are the treatments for PCOS
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Granulosa cell tumor
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

17. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Turner's XO

18. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Polyhydramnios
Myometrial invasion
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Preeclampsia clinical

19. Complications of BPH
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Oligomenorrhea

20. What is the flaggelum derived from
Menopause
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
One of the centrioles
Metrorrhagia

21. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Decreasing progesterone
55-65
Krukenburg tumor
Peripheral conversion of androgens

22. What do leydig cells secrete?
Inhibition LH and FSH
Fibrocystic disease
Testosterone
Fat necrosis

23. What is the karyotype of a complete mole
Polyhydramnios
Meigs syndrome
46 xx
2 months

24. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Choriocarcinoma
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Endometrial carcinoma

25. What is the single most important prognostic factor for malignant breast tumors
Axillary node involvement
Left
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

26. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Testosterone
Oligohydramnios
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
PANS - pelvic nerve

27. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Golgi
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse

28. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Complete
Spermatocele
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Testosterone

29. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
5 alpha reductase def
Inhibition of HCG access
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY

30. 2 sperm + empty egg
Testosterone
Good - late metastasis
Complete
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione

31. Histological subtype of fibrocystic with increased number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Adrenal gland
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Epithelial hyperplasia

32. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
In the 6th decade of life
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Sertoli cells
Golgi

33. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Medullary
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

34. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Fructose
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Phyllodes tumor
E coli

35. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa

36. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Fibroadenoma
Fructose
The centrioles

37. > 35 day cycle
Oligomenorrhea
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Endometrial carcinoma

38. Testosterone and estrogen in androgen insensitivity syndrome
Increase (and LH)
Mimics LH
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Suspensory ligament of ovaries

39. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
In the 6th decade of life
46 xx
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant

40. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Endometriosis
Female pseudoHerm
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

41. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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42. Wher does dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix usually begin
Squamo - columnar jxn
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
46 xx
Posterior lobe peripheral zone

43. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
Mature teratoma
Chromosomal abnormalities
Sertoli cell tumor
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection

44. What does hCG do in the first trimester to maintain the corpus luteum
Mimics LH
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Acute mastitis
Testosterone

45. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Osteoblastic in bone
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)

46. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Bicornute uterus
Calcifications
Epithelial hyperplasia
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

47. What is the average age of onset for menopause
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Vagina
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
51 yo

48. dx with increased testosterone and increased LH
Defective androgen receptor
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Testicular lymphoma
Sertoli cells

49. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Preeclampsia
Ectocervix
55-65
Comedocarcinoma

50. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
1000 times
Upregulation
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Leydig cell tumor