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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Complication of retained placental tissue
E coli
Male pseudoHerm
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Hemorrhage

2. When are phyllodes tumors most common
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Metrorrhagia
Down regulation
In the 6th decade of life

3. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Embryonal carcinoma
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Mature teratoma
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease

4. What does progesterone do to myometrial excitability
Left
Sertoli cell tumor
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Decrease

5. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Medullary
Axillary node involvement
Meigs syndrome

6. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Trophoblasts
In the 6th decade of life
Endometrial carcinoma

7. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
Adolescents
6
E coli
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

8. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Follicular cyst
Krukenburg tumor
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC

9. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Estrogen overstimulation

10. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Medullary
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Acute mastitis
Prior c section - multiparity

11. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Meigs syndrome
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
During fetal life
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets

12. What are the four functions of estrogen
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA

13. Ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma

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14. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Hydatidiform mole
Prophase
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

15. endometrium within the myometrium
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Adenomyosis
Complete
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT

16. Large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Paget cell
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Inhibition LH and FSH
Metrorrhagia

17. What do leydig cells secrete?
Fat necrosis
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Fibrocystic disease
Testosterone

18. Why does the skin resemble an orange peel in inflammatory type of maligantn breast tumor
Brenner tumor
increased AFP and hCG
Testosterone
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

19. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Preeclampsia + siezures
Abacterial
Calcifications

20. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Granulosa cell tumor
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility

21. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Complete
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

22. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
20 to 40
Malignant in males not in females
Feedback inhibition
Testicular lymphoma

23. What does estrogen to do prolaction
Cervix
Invasive ductal
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Suspensory ligament of ovaries

24. When does spermatogenesis begin?
Puberty
Spermatocele
Inhibit FSH
Upregulation

25. frequent bu irregular cycles
Metrorrhagia
DIC
PANS - pelvic nerve
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

26. What is the presentation of prostatitis
Upregulation
Round ligament of the uterus
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Granulosa cell tumor

27. What is the treatment for hydatidiform mole
Calcifications
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
PSA

28. Dermal lymphatic invasion by breast carcinoma - peu d orange
During fetal life
In the 6th decade of life
Inflammatory
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue

29. Breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
Granulosa cell tumor
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Tubular carcinoma
6

30. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
Pseudohermaphroditism
1 week - 2 weeks
Testosterone
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

31. Does a leiomyoma progress to leiosarcoma
Female pseudoHerm
No
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Insulin resistance

32. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
Testosterone
Immature
Ectopic preg
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone

33. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Down regulation
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Choriocarcinoma

34. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Post menopausal
Oligohydramnios
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure

35. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Chocolate cyst

36. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Endometrial carcinoma
Inhibit FSH
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
increased in total - and dec in free fraction

37. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
50 times
Fallopian tube
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Tight junctions between sertoli cells

38. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Meigs syndrome

39. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
Comedocarcinoma
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

40. What causes preeclampsia
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Hydrocele
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Tight junctions between sertoli cells

41. What is the most common cause of breast lumps from age 25 to menopause
PSA
Epithelial hyperplasia
Fibrocystic disease
Meigs syndrome

42. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Meigs syndrome
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary

43. Which androgens are responsible for the growth spurt of the penis - seminal vesicles - sperm - muscle - RBCs
Endocervix
Testosterone
Post menopausal bleeding
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

44. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Partial
Prior c section - multiparity
Insulin resistance
Adolescents

45. What does inhibin do?
Fibromas
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Inhibit FSH
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility

46. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Estrogen overstimulation
Intraductal papilloma
51 yo
Meigs syndrome

47. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
Just prior to ovulation
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Fibroadenoma
Choriocarcinoma

48. What are the treatments for BPH
Paget's disease
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Abruptio placentae
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

49. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
No
Vagina
Inhibition of HCG access
Mimics LH

50. histologic type of fibrocystic with hyperplasia of breast stroma
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Uterus
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Fibrosis