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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. malignant - painful - often glandular/papillary morphology testicular germ cell tumor that can differentiate into other tumors
Invasive lobular
Embryonal carcinoma
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis

2. What is a true hermaphrodite
Squamous cell carcinoma
E coli
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride

3. What are the four functions of estrogen
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Oligomenorrhea
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Adenomyosis

4. Wher does dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix usually begin
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Squamo - columnar jxn
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

5. What are the treatments for PCOS
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
BPH

6. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Paget's disease - breast abscess
95%
5 alpha reductase def

7. Breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Acute mastitis
Seminoma

8. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Testosterone
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Immature

9. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Preeclampsia clinical
Ligament of the ovary
Partial
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis

10. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Prior c section - multiparity
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride

11. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Oligomenorrhea
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Krukenburg tumor

12. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
5 alpha reductase def
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles

13. How many days after fertilization does implantation occur?
6
PANS - pelvic nerve
Bicornute uterus
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions

14. frequent bu irregular cycles
Metrorrhagia
Placenta acreta
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Maintenance

15. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
Testosterone
Axillary node involvement
Mature teratoma
Krukenburg tumor

16. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Male pseudoHerm
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Proliferation
Prior c section - multiparity

17. malignant - increased hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Choriocarcinoma
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Round ligament of the uterus

18. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
Golgi
Increase
Calcifications
Brenner tumor

19. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Polyhydramnios
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Placenta acreta

20. Increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Proliferation
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse

21. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Low progesterone
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets

22. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Maintenance
Meigs syndrome
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Immature

23. What is HELLP syndrome
Seminoma
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Ligament of the ovary

24. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - increased LH leading to anovulation
Hydatidiform mole
PCOS
Acute mastitis
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor

25. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Choriocarcinoma
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Endometriosis

26. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Peripheral conversion of androgens
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Mitochondria
Post menopausal bleeding

27. most common testicular cancer in older men
Testicular lymphoma
Hemorrhage
Myometrial invasion
Myometrial tumors

28. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

29. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II

30. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Testosterone
1000 times
Chromosomal abnormalities

31. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Polymenorrhea
95%
5 alpha reductase def
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis

32. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Calcifications
increased size and tenderness with increased estrogen
Menopause
Smooth muscle

33. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Testosterone
Comedocarcinoma
51 yo
Hydatidiform mole

34. What does progesterone do in the endometrium
Paget cell
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
95%
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

35. What is mortality due to in preeclampsia
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Krukenburg tumor
Testosterone
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS

36. What is the single most important prognostic factor for malignant breast tumors
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Axillary node involvement
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
PCOS

37. >1.5 -2 L of amniotic fluid
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Polyhydramnios
Good - late metastasis
Abacterial

38. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Peripheral adipose tissue
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

39. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Menopause
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Male pseudoHerm

40. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Sclerosing adenosis
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

41. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Endometrial carcinoma
Defective androgen receptor
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure

42. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Sertoli cells
One of the centrioles
Estradiol > estrone > estriol

43. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Trophoblasts
Invasive lobular
Testosterone
Ligament of the ovary

44. What does progesterone do to body temp
Testosterone
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Testosterone
Increase

45. decreased estrogen - increased FSH - LH - signs of menopause after puberty but before 40
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Mature teratoma
Meigs syndrome
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

46. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Leydig cell tumor
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

47. Which androgen is responsible for libido
Varicocele
Pseudohermaphroditism
Testosterone
Ligament of the ovary

48. Which androgen is responsible for the deepening of the voice
Myometrial invasion
Epithelial hyperplasia
Prematurity
Testosterone

49. What is the serum marker for BPH
Increased FSH
Defective androgen receptor
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
PSA

50. bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts - pulling sensation in the groin
Fibromas
4
Adolescents
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen