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Test your basic knowledge |
First Aid: Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
first-aid
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
46 xx
Leydig cell tumor
Comedocarcinoma
Peripheral adipose tissue
2. is fibroadenoma a precursor to breast cancer
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
No
Preeclampsia
3. Between What two phases does the sperm acquire the acrosome - flagellum - and middle piece
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Mitochondria
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
4. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function
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5. What is the main source of energy for spermatozoa
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Down regulation
Testosterone
Fructose
6. Where is SCC of the penis more common and What is it associated with
PCOS
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Kallman
7. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
8. When is follicular growth the fastest?
2nd week of proliferative phase
Menopause
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Fallopian tube
9. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
Post menopausal
Inhibition of HCG access
Klinefelter's - XXY
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
10. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
55-65
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Peyronie's dz
11. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
Trophoblasts
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
No
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
12. What is the lymphatic drainage of the distal 1/3 of the vagina/scrotum/vulva
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Delivery of fetus
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Hemorrhage
13. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
Suckling - increased oxytocin - prolactin
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Menopause
14. What serum markers are associated with embyronal carcinoma
increased AFP and hCG
Choriocarcinoma
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Axillary node involvement
15. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Intraductal papilloma
16. What is the most common form of male pseudoHerm
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
17. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Ovary
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
18. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism
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19. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios
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20. What is mortality due to in preeclampsia
Dysgerminoma
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
21. Breast path - diseeases of the lobules
Serous cystadenoma
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Menometrorrhagia
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
22. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases
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23. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Acute mastitis
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Chromosomal abnormalities
Abruptio placentae
24. What is the genetic material in the ovum
Inhibition of HCG access
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Broad ligament
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
25. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Inhibit FSH
26. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Menopause
Hydatidiform mole
27. Connects ovary to lateral uterus
Ligament of the ovary
Increase (and LH)
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
28. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
29. What are the most common cause of anovluation
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30. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Dysgerminoma
31. malignant - painless homogenous testicular enlargement - most common testicular tumor - affecting males ages 15 to 3 - large cells in lobules with watery cytoplasm and a 'fried egg' appearnace
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Seminoma
Upregulation
Production of a thick cervical mucus
32. Dermal lymphatic invasion by breast carcinoma - peu d orange
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Inflammatory
33. Which phase varies and in length and Which is usually 14 days (menstrual cycle)
increased risk for carcinoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Granulosa cell tumor
34. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
20 to 40
Endometriosis
Bicornute uterus
Cystic
35. how can struma ovarri present?
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Primary hypogonadism
Adrenal gland
36. malignant - increased hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Round ligament of uterus
Choriocarcinoma
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Turner's XO
37. Connects uterus - fallopian tubes and ovaries to pelvic side wall - contains ovaries - fallapian tubes - and round ligaments of uterus
Teratoma
Broad ligament
Prior c section - multiparity
Oligohydramnios
38. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Round ligament of the uterus
No
Fallopian tube
PSA
39. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Sertoli cell tumor
Dysgerminoma
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Partial
40. What is the treatment for preeclampsia
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Delivery of fetus
Decreasing progesterone
Estrogen overstimulation
41. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
SANS - hypogastric nerve
20 to 40
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
42. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Endometrial carcinoma
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
43. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Peyronie's dz
46 xx
Teratoma
44. What is a true hermaphrodite
Inhibition LH and FSH
1 week - 2 weeks
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
45. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
The centrioles
Menometrorrhagia
Relaxation
46. What does progesterone do to gonadotropins
Endocervix
Inhibition LH and FSH
Menometrorrhagia
Defective androgen receptor
47. Where is testosterone secreted into?
Inhibition of HCG access
The semiT and the blood vessels
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
48. In what phase is meiosis II arrested
Proliferation
Invasive ductal
Metaphase
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
49. How is prostatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Decrease
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
50. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Ovary
Chocolate cyst
20 to 40
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands