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First Aid: Reproductive

Subjects : health-sciences, first-aid

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. increased AFP - schiller duvel bodies - yellow mucinous
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Peripheral conversion of androgens
increased estrogen - increased total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity

2. decreased synthesis of gonadotropin in the ant pit - anosmia - lack of secondary sex characteristics
Adrenal gland
Puberty
Kallman
Invasive lobular

3. hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum
Corpus luteum cyst
69 xxy
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease

4. What are the four functions of estrogen
Down regulation
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and increased transport proteins like SHBG increased HDL and dec LDL
Mittelschmerz syndrome

5. Atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Puberty
Sertoli cells
increased risk for carcinoma
Myometrial invasion

6. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation

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7. What is a true hermaphrodite
Aortic bicuspid valve
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
20 to 40
Proliferation

8. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Hemorrhage
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)

9. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
increased AFP and hCG
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Fibroadenoma
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile

10. Connects uterus - fallopian tubes and ovaries to pelvic side wall - contains ovaries - fallapian tubes - and round ligaments of uterus
Testicular lymphoma
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Broad ligament
4

11. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Invasive ductal
increased freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
increased AFP and hCG

12. What is DHT responsible for in late development
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Increase (and LH)
Good - late metastasis
In the 6th decade of life

13. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
HPV 16 - 18
Increase
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen

14. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
The semiT and the blood vessels
Mature teratoma
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
BPH

15. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
46 xx
increased in total - and dec in free fraction
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
55-65

16. What does progesterone do to body temp
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Blacks
Increase

17. dilated epididymal duct
Testosterone
Oligohydramnios
Klinefelter's - XXY
Spermatocele

18. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Immature
Hemorrhage
17beta estradiol
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

19. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Leydig cell tumor
Medullary

20. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Testosterone
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

21. 2 sperm + empty egg
Complete
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Prior c section - multiparity
Embryonal carcinoma

22. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Osteoblastic in bone
Abacterial
Female pseudoHerm
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase

23. What bacteria is commone in acute prostatitis
Call exner bodies
E coli
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Adenomyosis

24. Vaginal sqamous cell carcinoma is most often seconday From which site?
Cervix
DCIS
Abruptio placentae
Upregulation

25. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Preeclampsia + siezures
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Choriocarcinoma
Adolescents

26. defective decidual later allows placenta to attach to myometrium - massive bleeding after delivery
Placenta acreta
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
No

27. What is the serum marker for BPH
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
PSA
increased AFP and hCG
Endometrial carcinoma

28. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Choriocarcinoma
Complete
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Placenta acreta

29. What causes preeclampsia
Acute mastitis
Pseudohermaphroditism
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione

30. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Preeclampsia + siezures
Granulosa cell tumor
increased Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Chromosomal abnormalities

31. What does LH do
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
HPV 16 - 18
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection

32. increased fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
Hydrocele
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
55-65
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

33. Which phase varies and in length and Which is usually 14 days (menstrual cycle)
No
Adolescents
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

34. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Relaxation
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Pseudohermaphroditism

35. What is the flaggelum derived from
Decrease
One of the centrioles
5 alpha reductase def
6

36. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Partial
Polymenorrhea
Sertoli cells
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)

37. What are the treatments for PCOS
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Primary hypogonadism
17beta estradiol
Fibroadenoma

38. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Aortic bicuspid valve
increased AFP and hCG
Increased FSH

39. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Down regulation
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection

40. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Good - late metastasis
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione

41. Breast path - diseases of the stroma
Krukenburg tumor
Uterus
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate

42. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Aortic bicuspid valve
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
The semiT and the blood vessels
In the 6th decade of life

43. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Blacks
Insulin resistance
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Peripheral adipose tissue

44. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Embryonal carcinoma
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Adolescents
Endometrial carcinoma

45. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Paget's disease
Menopause
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

46. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Complete
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Meigs syndrome

47. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck

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48. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
55-65
Menometrorrhagia
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa

49. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
20 to 40
Increase (and LH)
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

50. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Testosterone
Peripheral adipose tissue
69 xxy
Female pseudoHerm