Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. can present as precocious puberty in kids - can cause endometrial hyperplasia/carinoma in adults - abnormal uterine bleeding
Granulosa cell tumor
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Embryonal carcinoma


2. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Lack of spermatogenesis due to increased temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Suspensory ligament of ovaries


3. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Leydig cell tumor
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Invasive lobular


4. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation

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5. What are the most common tumors in all females?
Medullary
Paget cell
BPH
Myometrial tumors


6. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
1000 times
Spermatocele
Decrease
Choriocarcinoma


7. What is the common presentation of metastasis in prostate cancer
Trophoblasts
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Cystic


8. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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9. testicular masses that can be transilluminated
Upregulation
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Vagina
Preeclampsia + siezures


10. frequent bu irregular cycles
Inhibit FSH
Krukenburg tumor
Metrorrhagia
Relaxation


11. What does progesterone do to gonadotropins
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Squamo - columnar jxn
20 to 40
Inhibition LH and FSH


12. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II

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13. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Male pseudoHerm
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Invasive ductal
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue


14. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Good - late metastasis
Choriocarcinoma
Oligohydramnios
Prior c section - multiparity


15. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Invasive ductal
Invasive lobular
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
DCIS


16. eclampsia
Paget's disease
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Preeclampsia + siezures
Trophoblasts


17. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Menometrorrhagia
Preeclampsia + siezures
Maintenance
Male pseudoHerm


18. In chronic prostatitis is bacterial or abacterial more common
Abacterial
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Leydig cell tumor


19. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Preeclampsia
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
50 times
Post menopausal bleeding


20. What does estrogen do to estrogen - LH and progesterone recepotrs
Chromosomal abnormalities
Bicornute uterus
BPH
Upregulation


21. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
No
Endometrial carcinoma
6
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'


22. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Spermatocele
Adenomyosis
Relaxation
46 xx


23. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
20 to 40
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa


24. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
Metrorrhagia
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Inhibition of HCG access


25. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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26. What becomes the main source of hCG
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Proliferation
Uterus


27. What do leydig cells secrete?
Squamo - columnar jxn
Fat necrosis
Preductal coarctication
Testosterone


28. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck

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29. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Metaphase
Fibrocystic disease
Good - late metastasis
Mucinous cystadenoma


30. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Sclerosing adenosis
Fibromas
50 times


31. When is the peak occurrence of leiomyoma
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Increased FSH
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
20 to 40


32. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
55-65
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
S aureus


33. What converts testosterone to DHT
Oligomenorrhea
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Polyhydramnios
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy


34. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Male pseudoHerm
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
The semiT and the blood vessels
Intraductal papilloma


35. malignant - painless homogenous testicular enlargement - most common testicular tumor - affecting males ages 15 to 3 - large cells in lobules with watery cytoplasm and a 'fried egg' appearnace
Fibromas
Increase
Female pseudoHerm
Seminoma


36. malignant - increased hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Inhibit FSH
Partial
Choriocarcinoma


37. Testosterone and estrogen in androgen insensitivity syndrome
Increase (and LH)
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Choriocarcinoma
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis


38. What are the 3 androgens
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Insulin resistance
Tubular carcinoma
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation


39. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
DIC


40. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Adenomyosis
17beta estradiol
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse


41. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Relaxation


42. What are the treatments for BPH
Complete
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Fibroadenoma
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride


43. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
Testosterone
During fetal life
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Adrenal gland


44. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
Comedocarcinoma
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Serous cystadenoma
increased cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile


45. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Decrease
Endometrial carcinoma
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells


46. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
95%
4
Axillary node involvement
Bicornute uterus


47. What increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Prematurity
Paget cell


48. What is the flaggelum derived from
One of the centrioles
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Broad ligament
Feedback inhibition


49. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Bicornute uterus
Hydatidiform mole
Theca - leutin cysts
Fructose


50. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Klinefelter's - XXY
Prior c section - multiparity
Preductal coarctication