Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Gibson incision
Wilms' tumor.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


2. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Testicular cancer
Wilms' tumor.
Cryptorchidism
Adrenal gland


3. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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4. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


5. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Wilms' tumor.
Biopsy
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
End-stage renal disease


6. Two portions of the adrenal gland
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Wilms' tumor.
Cortex and medulla


7. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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8. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Gibson incision
Adrenalectomy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Renal cell carcinoma


9. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Wilms' tumor.
Wilms' tumor.
Testicular torsion
Subcostal flank incision


10. Torsion of the testicle
Testicular cancer
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)


11. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Adrenalectomy
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Testicular cancer
Circumcision


12. Function of the cortex
Hypospadias
Wilms' tumor.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


13. PSA
More than one million.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
An enhancement of KUB.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


14. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


15. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Epispadias.
Testicular cancer
Adrenalectomy
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


16. Three types of PKD.
Tissue samples
Wilms' tumor.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


17. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Gibson incision.
Nephrons
Addison's disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


18. The most common type of kidney cancer.
End-stage renal disease
Lumbar incision
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Testicular cancer


19. IVU
Renal cell carcinoma
An enhancement of KUB.
Gibson incision.
Wilms' tumor.


20. Excessive thirst and edema.
Adrenalectomy
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Cryptorchidism
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


21. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
End-stage renal disease
Biopsy
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Subcostal flank incision


22. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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23. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Addison's disease
Adrenalectomy
Inguinal incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


24. Flank or lumbar incision
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Adrenal gland
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Addison's disease


25. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Addison's disease
More than one million.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


26. Pheochromacytoma
Testicular cancer
Cryptorchidism
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Cortex and medulla


27. KUB stands for?
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Lumbar incision
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Inguinal incision


28. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Addison's disease
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Orchiopexy
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


29. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Endoscopy
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


30. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Urinalysis
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Orchiopexy
Epispadias.


31. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Endoscopy
Postadrenalectomy
Flank incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


32. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Testicular cancer
Addison's disease
Cryptorchidism
Inguinal incision


33. Function of the detrusor muscle
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Adrenalectomy
Wilms' tumor.
Testicular torsion


34. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Wilms' tumor.
Tissue samples
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


35. What is phimosis?
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Postadrenalectomy
Inguinal incision


36. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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37. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Orchiopexy
Epispadias.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


38. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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39. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Urinalysis
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


40. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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41. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Hypospadias
Twisting
Addison's disease
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


42. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Postadrenalectomy
Urinalysis


43. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Twisting
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Cortex and medulla
Cryptorchidism


44. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Gibson incision


45. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Inguinal incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Wilms' tumor.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


46. PKD
Wilms' tumor.
Wilms' tumor.
Hypospadias
Polycystic kidney disease


47. Adrenalectomy
Flank incision
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


48. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
Testicular cancer
Wilms' tumor.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


49. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Renal cell carcinoma
Tissue samples
Polycystic kidney disease
Renal cell carcinoma


50. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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