Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Function of the medulla
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


2. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Inguinal incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Transcostal incision


3. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Postadrenalectomy
Endoscopic removal
Testicular cancer


4. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
More than one million.
Cryptorchidism
Biopsy
Transcostal incision


5. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)


6. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Orchiopexy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Cryptorchidism
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


7. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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8. Torsion
Flank incision
Addison's disease
Twisting
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


9. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Addison's disease.
IVU
Circumcision


10. What is PKD?
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Twisting of the spermatic cord


11. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Addison's disease
Phimosis
Adrenalectomy
Gibson incision


12. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Testicular cancer
Endoscopic removal


13. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Testicular cancer
Cryptorchidism
Twisting
Tissue samples


14. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Cryptorchidism
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenalectomy


15. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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16. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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17. Function of the detrusor muscle
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Lumbar incision
Addison's disease
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


18. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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19. PSA
Wilms' tumor.
Retrograde urogram
End-stage renal disease
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


20. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Tissue samples


21. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Intercostal incision
Gibson incision.
Flank incision


22. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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23. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Renal cell carcinoma
Transcostal incision
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Hypospadias


24. Adrenalectomy
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Adrenalectomy
Retrograde urogram
Renal cell carcinoma


25. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)


26. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Addison's disease
End-stage renal disease
Endoscopic removal
Lumbar incision


27. What is phimosis?
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.


28. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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29. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Epispadias.
Adrenal gland
Inguinal incision


30. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Cryptorchidism
Flank incision
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


31. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Renal cell carcinoma
Inguinal incision
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Addison's disease


32. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Hypospadias
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Adrenalectomy


33. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Postadrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


34. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Addison's disease.
Addison's disease
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


35. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Addison's disease
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


36. Autosomal dominant PKD
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Gibson incision
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Wilms' tumor.


37. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Phimosis
Cortex and medulla
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


38. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Renal cell carcinoma
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Adrenalectomy


39. KUB stands for?
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Wilms' tumor.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Cryptorchidism


40. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenal gland
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


41. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Inguinal incision
Postadrenalectomy
Tissue samples


42. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Renal cell carcinoma
Gibson incision
Wilms' tumor.
Hypospadias


43. Function of the cortex
Adrenal gland
Cryptorchidism
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


44. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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45. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Testicular cancer
Wilms' tumor.
Urinalysis


46. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Addison's disease
Biopsy
Cryptorchidism
Subcostal flank incision


47. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Orchiopexy
Hypospadias
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Intercostal incision


48. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Adrenalectomy
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Addison's disease


49. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Endoscopy
Testicular torsion
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.


50. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Intercostal incision
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.