Genitourinary Surgery

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• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Addison's disease.
Circumcision
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Adrenalectomy


2. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Scrotal incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Renal cell carcinoma
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


3. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Cryptorchidism
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Transcostal incision
Twisting


4. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Phimosis


5. Ellik evacuator
Adrenalectomy
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Adrenalectomy
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


6. Pheochromacytoma
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Testicular torsion


7. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Addison's disease
Postadrenalectomy
Epispadias.


8. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Renal cell carcinoma
Cryptorchidism
Wilms' tumor.
An enhancement of KUB.


9. What is phimosis?
Cryptorchidism
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Phimosis
Endoscopic removal


10. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Endoscopic removal
Endoscopy
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


11. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Addison's disease
Phimosis
Inguinal incision
Endoscopy


12. Retrograde urogram
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
IVU


13. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Adrenalectomy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Epispadias.
More than one million.


14. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Renal cell carcinoma
Biopsy


15. Two portions of the adrenal gland
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Urinalysis
Cortex and medulla
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


16. KUB stands for?
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Gibson incision.
Circumcision
Biopsy


17. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Flank incision
Renal cell carcinoma
More than one million.


18. Torsion
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.


19. Three types of PKD.
Testicular cancer
Phimosis
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Nephrons


20. What is PKD?
Orchiopexy
Renal cell carcinoma
Flank incision
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


21. Function of the medulla
Gibson incision
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)


22. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Renal cell carcinoma
Epispadias.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.


23. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Gibson incision
Cushing's syndrome
Endoscopy
Twisting


24. Adrenalectomy
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Renal cell carcinoma
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


25. Flank or lumbar incision
Phimosis
Adrenal gland
End-stage renal disease
Subcostal flank incision


26. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Hypospadias
End-stage renal disease
Scrotal incision
Testicular cancer


27. IVU
An enhancement of KUB.
Inguinal incision
Cortex and medulla
Twisting


28. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Gibson incision
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Testicular cancer


29. Injection of a contrast medium.
Tissue samples
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.
IVU


30. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Lumbar incision
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.


31. Hypertension and proteinuria
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


32. Diagnosis for ESRD
Wilms' tumor.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Testicular cancer


33. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Flank incision


34. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


35. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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36. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Intercostal incision
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Scrotal incision


37. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Transcostal incision
Adrenalectomy
Scrotal incision


38. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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39. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
Postadrenalectomy
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Lumbar incision
Circumcision


40. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
End-stage renal disease
Intercostal incision
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


41. PSA
Phimosis
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Orchiopexy


42. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Wilms' tumor.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


43. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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44. Excessive thirst and edema.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Adrenal gland


45. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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46. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Circumcision
Renal cell carcinoma
IVU
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


47. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Hypospadias
Testicular cancer
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Wilms' tumor.


48. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Testicular torsion
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


49. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Addison's disease
Wilms' tumor.
Intercostal incision


50. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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