Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Hypertension and proteinuria
Tissue samples
Wilms' tumor.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Adrenalectomy


2. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy
Addison's disease


3. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Flank incision
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Addison's disease.


4. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Wilms' tumor.
Cortex and medulla
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Cryptorchidism


5. What is a KUB?
Subcostal flank incision
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


6. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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7. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
More than one million.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


8. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Renal cell carcinoma
Scrotal incision
Subcostal flank incision
Postadrenalectomy


9. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Cortex and medulla
Testicular cancer


10. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Gibson incision.


11. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Testicular cancer
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


12. Ellik evacuator
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Epispadias.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


13. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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14. PSA
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Testicular cancer
Hypospadias


15. Pheochromacytoma
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Hypospadias


16. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Cryptorchidism
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Renal cell carcinoma
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


17. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Wilms' tumor.
Addison's disease
Circumcision
End-stage renal disease


18. KUB stands for?
Testicular cancer
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Adrenalectomy


19. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease.
Hypospadias


20. Function of the detrusor muscle
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Cryptorchidism
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Intercostal incision


21. Torsion
Wilms' tumor.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Twisting


22. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Cryptorchidism
Endoscopic removal
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Adrenalectomy


23. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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24. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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25. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


26. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Epispadias.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.


27. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Addison's disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
Orchiopexy


28. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Cryptorchidism
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Adrenalectomy


29. Diagnosis for ESRD
Transcostal incision
Intercostal incision
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Biopsy


30. MIBG
Inguinal incision
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Retrograde urogram
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.


31. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Adrenalectomy
Addison's disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


32. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Addison's disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


33. Three types of PKD.
Hypospadias
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
An enhancement of KUB.


34. The single most important laboratory examination.
End-stage renal disease
Urinalysis
Inguinal incision
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.


35. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Postadrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Hypospadias


36. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Renal cell carcinoma
Biopsy
Circumcision
Cryptorchidism


37. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Polycystic kidney disease
Hypospadias
Endoscopy


38. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Hypospadias
Biopsy
Tissue samples


39. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Gibson incision.
IVU


40. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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41. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


42. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Renal cell carcinoma
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Lumbar incision
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.


43. Function of the medulla
Epispadias.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Postadrenalectomy
Adrenalectomy


44. Retrograde urogram
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Twisting
Transcostal incision
IVU


45. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Lumbar incision
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Testicular cancer
Intercostal incision


46. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
More than one million.


47. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Epispadias.
Transcostal incision
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Renal cell carcinoma


48. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Testicular cancer
Retrograde urogram
Flank incision
Orchiopexy


49. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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50. Another name for IVU
Gibson incision
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
An enhancement of KUB.