Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
Subcostal flank incision
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Renal cell carcinoma


2. Diagnosis for ESRD
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Epispadias.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Renal cell carcinoma


3. Function of the detrusor muscle
Renal cell carcinoma
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Testicular torsion
Flank incision


4. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Phimosis
Addison's disease


5. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Adrenalectomy


6. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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7. What is phimosis?
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


8. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
An enhancement of KUB.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Adrenal gland


9. Best for nonmalignant masses.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Endoscopic removal
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


10. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
An enhancement of KUB.
Biopsy
Gibson incision.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


11. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Cryptorchidism
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
More than one million.
Inguinal incision


12. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Circumcision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Retrograde urogram
Cryptorchidism


13. KUB stands for?
Testicular torsion
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


14. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Addison's disease.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Biopsy
Testicular cancer


15. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Renal cell carcinoma
Orchiopexy
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


16. What is a KUB?
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Scrotal incision
End-stage renal disease


17. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Hypospadias
Tissue samples
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


18. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
End-stage renal disease
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


19. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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20. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Inguinal incision
Endoscopic removal
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


21. Torsion of the testicle
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Tissue samples
Endoscopic removal


22. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
IVU
Renal cell carcinoma


23. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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24. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Cryptorchidism
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Wilms' tumor.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.


25. Three types of PKD.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Inguinal incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Cryptorchidism


26. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Lumbar incision
Cryptorchidism
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Postadrenalectomy


27. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Gibson incision
Addison's disease
Wilms' tumor.
Nephrons


28. Excessive thirst and edema.
Intercostal incision
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.


29. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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30. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
IVU
Testicular torsion
Renal cell carcinoma
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


31. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Retrograde urogram
Lumbar incision
Testicular cancer
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


32. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Endoscopic removal
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


33. Pheochromacytoma
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Gibson incision.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.


34. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Postadrenalectomy
Testicular cancer
Urinalysis


35. Another name for IVU
Addison's disease
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Renal cell carcinoma
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


36. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Inguinal incision
Transcostal incision
Hypospadias
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


37. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Adrenalectomy
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Circumcision


38. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Wilms' tumor.
Hypospadias
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


39. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Postadrenalectomy
An enhancement of KUB.
Renal cell carcinoma
Cushing's syndrome


40. IVU
Urinalysis
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
An enhancement of KUB.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


41. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Inguinal incision
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Phimosis
Renal cell carcinoma


42. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Scrotal incision
Phimosis
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


43. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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44. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Wilms' tumor.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Adrenalectomy
Tissue samples


45. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Addison's disease
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Transcostal incision
Intercostal incision


46. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Renal cell carcinoma
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


47. Torsion
Renal cell carcinoma
Phimosis
Twisting
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)


48. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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49. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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50. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
End-stage renal disease
Testicular torsion
Testicular cancer