Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Circumcision
Cryptorchidism
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Addison's disease


2. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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3. Pheochromacytoma
Circumcision
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenalectomy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


4. Ellik evacuator
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Cryptorchidism
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


5. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
An enhancement of KUB.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Hypospadias
Hypospadias


6. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Renal cell carcinoma
Intercostal incision
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Cryptorchidism


7. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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8. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Adrenal gland
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.


9. Function of the medulla
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
End-stage renal disease
IVU
Adrenalectomy


10. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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11. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Twisting
Flank incision
Adrenalectomy
Addison's disease


12. MIBG
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Adrenalectomy


13. Commonly done in a cysto room
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Retrograde urogram


14. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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15. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Urinalysis
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Testicular torsion
Twisting of the spermatic cord


16. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Cushing's syndrome
Inguinal incision
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


17. Another name for IVU
Gibson incision
Adrenalectomy
Nephrons
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


18. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
IVU
Gibson incision.
Wilms' tumor.


19. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Subcostal flank incision
Adrenalectomy
Urinalysis


20. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Urinalysis
Subcostal flank incision
Testicular torsion
Renal cell carcinoma


21. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Inguinal incision
End-stage renal disease


22. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenal gland
Retrograde urogram
More than one million.


23. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Inguinal incision
IVU


24. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Biopsy
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


25. PKD
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.
Polycystic kidney disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


26. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Cortex and medulla
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Addison's disease.
End-stage renal disease


27. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Subcostal flank incision
Gibson incision.


28. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Inguinal incision
Testicular cancer
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Renal cell carcinoma


29. Autosomal recessive PKD
Phimosis
Urinalysis
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


30. KUB stands for?
More than one million.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma


31. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Lumbar incision
Cortex and medulla
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.


32. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
Addison's disease
Tissue samples
Renal cell carcinoma
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


33. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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34. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism
Hypospadias
Wilms' tumor.


35. What is PKD?
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
More than one million.
Addison's disease


36. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Renal cell carcinoma
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)


37. Hypertension and proteinuria
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Transcostal incision
Wilms' tumor.


38. Severely decreased or no urine output.
Addison's disease
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
End-stage renal disease


39. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Adrenalectomy


40. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Endoscopic removal
Polycystic kidney disease
Cryptorchidism
Endoscopy


41. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Gibson incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
End-stage renal disease
Urinalysis


42. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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43. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Cryptorchidism
Addison's disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy


44. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Renal cell carcinoma
Hypospadias
Cryptorchidism


45. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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46. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
End-stage renal disease
Flank incision
Tissue samples
Phimosis


47. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Cryptorchidism
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Epispadias.


48. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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49. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Hypospadias
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Phimosis


50. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Gibson incision.
Addison's disease
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.