Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Phimosis
Addison's disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Flank incision


2. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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3. Functional units of the kidney
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Cryptorchidism
Nephrons
Subcostal flank incision


4. Hypertension and proteinuria
Subcostal flank incision
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Scrotal incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


5. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Renal cell carcinoma


6. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Epispadias.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Cryptorchidism
Gibson incision


7. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Hypospadias
Flank incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


8. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
End-stage renal disease
Scrotal incision
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Renal cell carcinoma


9. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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10. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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11. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Addison's disease.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Flank incision


12. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Scrotal incision
Adrenalectomy
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


13. Commonly done in a cysto room
Retrograde urogram
Renal cell carcinoma
Flank incision
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.


14. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenal gland
Polycystic kidney disease
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.


15. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Inguinal incision
Transcostal incision
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Wilms' tumor.


16. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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17. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
Cortex and medulla
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


18. Flank or lumbar incision
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma
Endoscopy


19. What is PKD?
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Flank incision
Renal cell carcinoma


20. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Adrenalectomy
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Lumbar incision
Epispadias.


21. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Subcostal flank incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Epispadias.


22. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Wilms' tumor.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


23. MIBG
Cryptorchidism
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Gibson incision.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


24. Ellik evacuator
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Testicular cancer


25. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Addison's disease
Tissue samples
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


26. Function of the medulla
Nephrons
Epispadias.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.


27. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Scrotal incision


28. The single most important laboratory examination.
Wilms' tumor.
Urinalysis
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


29. Torsion
Addison's disease
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Twisting
Phimosis


30. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Cryptorchidism
Cushing's syndrome
Endoscopy
Subcostal flank incision


31. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Renal cell carcinoma
Transcostal incision
Cryptorchidism
Circumcision


32. Pheochromacytoma
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Orchiopexy
More than one million.


33. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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34. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Wilms' tumor.
Urinalysis
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Adrenalectomy


35. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Retrograde urogram
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Adrenalectomy


36. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Retrograde urogram
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
More than one million.
Addison's disease


37. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Circumcision
Tissue samples
Polycystic kidney disease
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


38. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Lumbar incision
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Cushing's syndrome


39. Function of the cortex
Epispadias.
End-stage renal disease
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.


40. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Renal cell carcinoma
End-stage renal disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


41. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Endoscopy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Hypospadias


42. KUB stands for?
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Addison's disease
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


43. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Gibson incision
Cushing's syndrome
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.


44. Three types of PKD.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Cryptorchidism
Adrenal gland


45. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Retrograde urogram
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Addison's disease


46. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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47. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
End-stage renal disease
Nephrons
Flank incision


48. Severely decreased or no urine output.
End-stage renal disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma
Gibson incision.


49. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Renal cell carcinoma
Cortex and medulla
Wilms' tumor.


50. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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