Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Ellik evacuator
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Urinalysis
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Endoscopic removal


2. Severely decreased or no urine output.
Polycystic kidney disease
Twisting
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
End-stage renal disease


3. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Scrotal incision
Cryptorchidism
Addison's disease
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


4. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Endoscopic removal
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting of the spermatic cord
End-stage renal disease


5. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Renal cell carcinoma
Tissue samples
Gibson incision.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


6. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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7. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Biopsy
Wilms' tumor.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


8. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
More than one million.
Tissue samples
Retrograde urogram
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


9. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Nephrons


10. Pheochromacytoma
Renal cell carcinoma
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Postadrenalectomy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


11. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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12. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Transcostal incision
Renal cell carcinoma


13. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Epispadias.
Testicular cancer
Orchiopexy


14. Retrograde urogram
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


15. What is a KUB?
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Lumbar incision


16. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Cryptorchidism
Addison's disease.
Renal cell carcinoma


17. Functional units of the kidney
Nephrons
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Biopsy


18. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Gibson incision
Cryptorchidism
Testicular torsion
Epispadias.


19. Autosomal recessive PKD
Renal cell carcinoma
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Circumcision
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


20. Excessive thirst and edema.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Transcostal incision
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Wilms' tumor.


21. Adrenalectomy
Addison's disease
Wilms' tumor.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Subcostal flank incision


22. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy
Flank incision


23. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Renal cell carcinoma


24. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Polycystic kidney disease
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Testicular torsion
Nephrons


25. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Twisting
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Twisting of the spermatic cord


26. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Lumbar incision
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


27. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
More than one million.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Biopsy
Endoscopy


28. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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29. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Testicular cancer
Inguinal incision
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Wilms' tumor.


30. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Lumbar incision
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


31. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Testicular cancer
Adrenalectomy
Hypospadias


32. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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33. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Biopsy
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.


34. Recommended for severe phimosis.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Cortex and medulla
Circumcision
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


35. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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36. What is phimosis?
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Orchiopexy
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


37. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Cryptorchidism
Transcostal incision
Cortex and medulla
Wilms' tumor.


38. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
More than one million.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Renal cell carcinoma
Cryptorchidism


39. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Inguinal incision
Flank incision
Intercostal incision


40. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Hypospadias
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Biopsy
Adrenal gland


41. Autosomal dominant PKD
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Nephrons
Renal cell carcinoma


42. Injection of a contrast medium.
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease
Wilms' tumor.
IVU


43. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Orchiopexy
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Endoscopy
Renal cell carcinoma


44. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Addison's disease


45. Function of the medulla
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Retrograde urogram


46. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Postadrenalectomy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Wilms' tumor.


47. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Wilms' tumor.
Testicular cancer


48. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Twisting
Gibson incision.
Adrenalectomy


49. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Testicular cancer
Endoscopic removal
Gibson incision.
Addison's disease


50. Three types of PKD.
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Urinalysis