Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Wilms' tumor.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Flank incision
Twisting of the spermatic cord


2. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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3. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Testicular torsion
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Endoscopy
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


4. Flank or lumbar incision
Transcostal incision
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Adrenal gland
End-stage renal disease


5. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Hypospadias
Adrenalectomy
Circumcision
Epispadias.


6. The single most important laboratory examination.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Adrenalectomy
Urinalysis


7. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Renal cell carcinoma
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Wilms' tumor.


8. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Adrenalectomy
Inguinal incision
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


9. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Twisting of the spermatic cord


10. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
More than one million.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Hypospadias


11. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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12. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Adrenalectomy
IVU
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Cryptorchidism


13. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Hypospadias
Renal cell carcinoma
Scrotal incision
Cryptorchidism


14. Torsion
Gibson incision.
Wilms' tumor.
Twisting
Gibson incision


15. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


16. Function of the cortex
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Testicular cancer
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


17. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Testicular cancer
Adrenalectomy
Flank incision
Adrenalectomy


18. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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19. Another name for IVU
Transcostal incision
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


20. Injection of a contrast medium.
IVU
Addison's disease.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


21. Pheochromacytoma
Testicular cancer
Hypospadias
Flank incision
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


22. Diagnosis for ESRD
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Testicular cancer
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Renal cell carcinoma


23. KUB stands for?
Inguinal incision
Adrenalectomy
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


24. MIBG
Endoscopic removal
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Cortex and medulla
Renal cell carcinoma


25. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Flank incision
Polycystic kidney disease
Scrotal incision
Endoscopy


26. Severely decreased or no urine output.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Adrenalectomy
Subcostal flank incision
End-stage renal disease


27. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Phimosis
Testicular cancer
Endoscopic removal
Twisting


28. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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29. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Hypospadias
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


30. Functional units of the kidney
Twisting
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Nephrons
Scrotal incision


31. IVU
An enhancement of KUB.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Renal cell carcinoma
End-stage renal disease


32. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Inguinal incision
Twisting
Hypospadias


33. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Testicular cancer
Addison's disease
Subcostal flank incision
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.


34. PSA
Addison's disease
Twisting
Adrenalectomy
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


35. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Epispadias.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Testicular cancer
Cryptorchidism


36. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Adrenalectomy
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Testicular cancer
Addison's disease


37. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Wilms' tumor.
Lumbar incision
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.


38. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenalectomy
Cryptorchidism
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


39. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Cryptorchidism
Wilms' tumor.
Lumbar incision
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


40. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer


41. What is a KUB?
Addison's disease.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Renal cell carcinoma


42. Autosomal dominant PKD
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Addison's disease.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


43. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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44. Retrograde urogram
Postadrenalectomy
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Circumcision
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


45. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Orchiopexy
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.


46. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Tissue samples
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular torsion
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


47. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Lumbar incision
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Hypospadias


48. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Retrograde urogram
An enhancement of KUB.


49. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Cryptorchidism
Urinalysis
End-stage renal disease
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


50. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Gibson incision
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
More than one million.