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Genitourinary Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Transcostal incision
Polycystic kidney disease
Testicular torsion
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.

2. The most common type of kidney cancer.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.

3. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma
Scrotal incision

4. Torsion
Twisting
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Addison's disease
Endoscopic removal

5. Commonly done in a cysto room
Inguinal incision
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Retrograde urogram

6. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Tissue samples
Intercostal incision
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.

7. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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8. Excessive thirst and edema.
End-stage renal disease
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Nephrons
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.

9. Autosomal recessive PKD
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Testicular cancer
Tissue samples

10. Injection of a contrast medium.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
IVU
Hypospadias
Renal cell carcinoma

11. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
Gibson incision
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Addison's disease

12. MIBG
Biopsy
Renal cell carcinoma
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Orchiopexy

13. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Transcostal incision
Testicular cancer
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
IVU

14. Function of the medulla
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

15. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Renal cell carcinoma
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.

16. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Gibson incision.
Renal cell carcinoma
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Renal cell carcinoma

17. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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18. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Biopsy
Tissue samples
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.

19. Hypertension and proteinuria
Addison's disease
Urinalysis
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Orchiopexy

20. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Phimosis
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

21. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma
Endoscopic removal

22. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Testicular cancer
Addison's disease.
Adrenalectomy
Testicular cancer

23. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Nephrons
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease

24. Diagnosis for ESRD
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

25. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Renal cell carcinoma
Circumcision
Tissue samples
Wilms' tumor.

26. Three types of PKD.
Wilms' tumor.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Gibson incision

27. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Addison's disease
Phimosis
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.

28. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Hypospadias
Testicular cancer

29. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Renal cell carcinoma
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
More than one million.

30. IVU
An enhancement of KUB.
Wilms' tumor.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.

31. Function of the cortex
Renal cell carcinoma
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Inguinal incision

32. What is a KUB?
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy
Orchiopexy
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.

33. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Intercostal incision
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Gibson incision.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.

34. PSA
Postadrenalectomy
Endoscopy
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.

35. What is phimosis?
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

36. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Renal cell carcinoma
Orchiopexy
Transcostal incision
End-stage renal disease

37. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Renal cell carcinoma
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Cryptorchidism

38. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
IVU
Tissue samples
Cryptorchidism
Addison's disease

39. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Orchiopexy

40. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
More than one million.
Cryptorchidism
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

41. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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42. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
More than one million.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.

43. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Postadrenalectomy
Biopsy
End-stage renal disease
Lumbar incision

44. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Renal cell carcinoma
Inguinal incision
Tissue samples

45. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Testicular cancer
Biopsy
An enhancement of KUB.

46. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Orchiopexy
Scrotal incision
Subcostal flank incision

47. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Cortex and medulla
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.

48. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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49. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Circumcision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Polycystic kidney disease

50. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Inguinal incision
Transcostal incision
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Nephrons

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Genitourinary Surgery

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