Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Renal cell carcinoma
Flank incision
Subcostal flank incision
Cryptorchidism


2. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Lumbar incision
Cryptorchidism


3. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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4. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Testicular torsion
Adrenalectomy
Endoscopic removal
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.


5. Injection of a contrast medium.
Intercostal incision
Polycystic kidney disease
IVU
Lumbar incision


6. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.
Flank incision


7. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Cryptorchidism
Hypospadias
More than one million.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.


8. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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9. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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10. Function of the cortex
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Adrenal gland
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.


11. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Flank incision
Cryptorchidism
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


12. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Biopsy
Circumcision
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.


13. Ellik evacuator
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Transcostal incision
Addison's disease
Renal cell carcinoma


14. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Adrenal gland
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


15. Three types of PKD.
Cortex and medulla
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


16. Function of the detrusor muscle
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Epispadias.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Phimosis


17. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Adrenalectomy
Addison's disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


18. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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19. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Flank incision
Cryptorchidism
Addison's disease
Endoscopy


20. Commonly done in a cysto room
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Inguinal incision
Retrograde urogram
Wilms' tumor.


21. Flank or lumbar incision
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma
Urinalysis
Phimosis


22. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Scrotal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma
Gibson incision


23. The single most important laboratory examination.
Endoscopic removal
Urinalysis
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
End-stage renal disease


24. MIBG
Renal cell carcinoma
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma


25. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Addison's disease.
Inguinal incision
Cortex and medulla


26. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Wilms' tumor.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Gibson incision
Adrenalectomy


27. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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28. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Epispadias.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Addison's disease
Testicular cancer


29. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Addison's disease
Epispadias.
Nephrons


30. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Renal cell carcinoma
More than one million.
Lumbar incision
Testicular cancer


31. Retrograde urogram
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.


32. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Cryptorchidism
Biopsy
Phimosis
Endoscopy


33. Torsion of the testicle
Nephrons
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Adrenalectomy


34. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Addison's disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Cryptorchidism
Adrenal gland


35. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Orchiopexy
Gibson incision
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
End-stage renal disease


36. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease
Testicular cancer


37. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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38. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Circumcision
Renal cell carcinoma
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Gibson incision.


39. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
End-stage renal disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


40. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Inguinal incision
Lumbar incision
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma


41. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Orchiopexy
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Renal cell carcinoma
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


42. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Testicular torsion
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.


43. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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44. Diagnosis for ESRD
Addison's disease
End-stage renal disease
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Intercostal incision


45. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Intercostal incision
Tissue samples
Renal cell carcinoma
Endoscopic removal


46. PSA
Scrotal incision
An enhancement of KUB.
Gibson incision
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


47. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
Wilms' tumor.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Postadrenalectomy
Cryptorchidism


48. IVU
An enhancement of KUB.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
IVU
Scrotal incision


49. Severely decreased or no urine output.
Adrenalectomy
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
End-stage renal disease


50. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Adrenalectomy
Testicular cancer
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.