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Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Ellik evacuator
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Epispadias.

2. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Subcostal flank incision

3. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Gibson incision.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Postadrenalectomy

4. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Adrenalectomy
Epispadias.
Orchiopexy
Transcostal incision

5. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Addison's disease
Adrenal gland
Cryptorchidism

6. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

7. What is phimosis?
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.

8. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Endoscopy
Testicular cancer

9. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
Inguinal incision
Cushing's syndrome
Adrenalectomy
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

10. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Adrenalectomy
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Flank incision
Renal cell carcinoma

11. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Inguinal incision
Endoscopy
Adrenalectomy

12. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Urinalysis
Intercostal incision
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Polycystic kidney disease

13. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Addison's disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Orchiopexy

14. Function of the detrusor muscle
Cortex and medulla
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Orchiopexy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.

15. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Adrenalectomy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Inguinal incision

16. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Postadrenalectomy
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
More than one million.
Addison's disease

17. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Scrotal incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
End-stage renal disease
Cryptorchidism

18. What is a KUB?
Testicular cancer
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Adrenalectomy
Retrograde urogram

19. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Urinalysis
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

20. What is PKD?
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
More than one million.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.

21. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Addison's disease
Subcostal flank incision
Wilms' tumor.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.

22. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

23. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Biopsy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).

24. Autosomal recessive PKD
Testicular cancer
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Cushing's syndrome
Dialysis and kidney transplant.

25. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
An enhancement of KUB.
Hypospadias
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
More than one million.

26. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Renal cell carcinoma
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Transcostal incision
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.

27. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Testicular cancer
Adrenalectomy
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

28. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
End-stage renal disease
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.

29. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

30. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Addison's disease
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.

31. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Hypospadias
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
An enhancement of KUB.
Wilms' tumor.

32. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Wilms' tumor.
End-stage renal disease
Transcostal incision
Cortex and medulla

33. Functional units of the kidney
Nephrons
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Intercostal incision
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.

34. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Renal cell carcinoma
Biopsy

35. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Cryptorchidism
Wilms' tumor.
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma

36. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Polycystic kidney disease
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Hypospadias
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy

37. Flank or lumbar incision
Addison's disease
Adrenal gland
Testicular cancer
Nephrons

38. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Gibson incision.
Flank incision

39. Another name for IVU
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Adrenal gland

40. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Nephrons
Inguinal incision
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.

41. Severely decreased or no urine output.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Polycystic kidney disease
End-stage renal disease
Nephrons

42. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Cortex and medulla
Lumbar incision
Flank incision

43. Diagnosis for ESRD
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Renal cell carcinoma

44. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Lumbar incision
End-stage renal disease
Nephrons
Cryptorchidism

45. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Flank incision
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.

46. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

47. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Adrenal gland
Inguinal incision
End-stage renal disease
Gibson incision.

48. Three types of PKD.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
Gibson incision.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.

49. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Addison's disease.
Intercostal incision
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Adrenalectomy

50. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Wilms' tumor.
Lumbar incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Subcostal flank incision