Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Another name for IVU
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Endoscopic removal
Addison's disease
Postadrenalectomy


2. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Testicular cancer
Cryptorchidism
Wilms' tumor.


3. MIBG
Wilms' tumor.
Testicular cancer
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


4. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Phimosis
Circumcision
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


5. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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6. What is a KUB?
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Orchiopexy
Adrenalectomy
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


7. Hypertension and proteinuria
Renal cell carcinoma
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


8. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Addison's disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Addison's disease


9. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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10. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Addison's disease
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Tissue samples
IVU


11. PSA
Renal cell carcinoma
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
An enhancement of KUB.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


12. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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13. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
Cryptorchidism
Flank incision
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


14. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Transcostal incision
Urinalysis
Adrenal gland
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


15. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Addison's disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer


16. Recommended for severe phimosis.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Circumcision
Transcostal incision
Renal cell carcinoma


17. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Wilms' tumor.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


18. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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19. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Phimosis
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy


20. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Cortex and medulla
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Adrenalectomy


21. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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22. Diagnosis for ESRD
Wilms' tumor.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


23. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Addison's disease
Nephrons
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Tissue samples


24. KUB stands for?
Biopsy
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular torsion
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


25. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
Transcostal incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Renal cell carcinoma


26. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Hypospadias
Cryptorchidism
Flank incision
Scrotal incision


27. Function of the medulla
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Cryptorchidism
Wilms' tumor.


28. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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29. Torsion
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Twisting
End-stage renal disease
Intercostal incision


30. Function of the detrusor muscle
Scrotal incision
End-stage renal disease
Testicular torsion
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.


31. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Circumcision
Subcostal flank incision
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Renal cell carcinoma


32. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Renal cell carcinoma
Hypospadias
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


33. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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34. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Orchiopexy
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Addison's disease
Flank incision


35. Autosomal dominant PKD
Cortex and medulla
Addison's disease
Testicular cancer
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


36. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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37. Severely decreased or no urine output.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
End-stage renal disease
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Nephrons


38. The single most important laboratory examination.
Testicular cancer
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Urinalysis
Testicular cancer


39. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Wilms' tumor.
Inguinal incision
Circumcision
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.


40. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Cryptorchidism
Postadrenalectomy
Endoscopy


41. Functional units of the kidney
Gibson incision.
Nephrons
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Retrograde urogram


42. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Cryptorchidism
Wilms' tumor.
Urinalysis
Testicular cancer


43. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Inguinal incision
Testicular cancer
Gibson incision
Flank incision


44. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Renal cell carcinoma
Cushing's syndrome


45. Excessive thirst and edema.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Wilms' tumor.
Lumbar incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


46. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Hypospadias
Testicular torsion
Renal cell carcinoma


47. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Retrograde urogram


48. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Endoscopy
Hypospadias
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


49. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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50. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.