Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Intercostal incision
Lumbar incision


2. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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3. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
More than one million.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Tissue samples
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


4. Function of the cortex
Wilms' tumor.
Nephrons
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


5. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Intercostal incision
Gibson incision.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


6. What is phimosis?
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Biopsy
Addison's disease.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


7. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Scrotal incision
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy


8. Pheochromacytoma
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


9. The single most important laboratory examination.
Hypospadias
Transcostal incision
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Urinalysis


10. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Endoscopic removal
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Testicular torsion


11. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Addison's disease


12. What is a KUB?
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Hypospadias
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Inguinal incision


13. Ellik evacuator
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Retrograde urogram
Cryptorchidism


14. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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15. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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16. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma
Cushing's syndrome


17. Best for nonmalignant masses.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Lumbar incision
Endoscopic removal
More than one million.


18. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


19. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Gibson incision.


20. Retrograde urogram
Testicular cancer
End-stage renal disease
Scrotal incision
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


21. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Biopsy
Cryptorchidism


22. Function of the medulla
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
End-stage renal disease
Addison's disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


23. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Transcostal incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


24. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Inguinal incision
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


25. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Cryptorchidism
Testicular cancer
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Inguinal incision


26. Torsion of the testicle
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Lumbar incision
Cryptorchidism
More than one million.


27. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Cryptorchidism
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Postadrenalectomy
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


28. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Wilms' tumor.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Testicular cancer
Addison's disease.


29. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Nephrons
IVU
Cryptorchidism


30. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


31. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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32. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Renal cell carcinoma
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Wilms' tumor.


33. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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34. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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35. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Hypospadias
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenalectomy


36. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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37. KUB stands for?
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Wilms' tumor.
Circumcision
Renal cell carcinoma


38. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Circumcision
Biopsy
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Epispadias.


39. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Circumcision
Cryptorchidism
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Twisting


40. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Cushing's syndrome
Addison's disease
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Testicular cancer


41. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Adrenal gland
Phimosis


42. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Intercostal incision


43. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Polycystic kidney disease
Addison's disease.
Renal cell carcinoma


44. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Tissue samples
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Nephrons
Cryptorchidism


45. Commonly done in a cysto room
Adrenalectomy
Testicular torsion
Retrograde urogram
Renal cell carcinoma


46. MIBG
Flank incision
Addison's disease.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


47. Hypertension and proteinuria
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Gibson incision
Urinalysis
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.


48. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Addison's disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Renal cell carcinoma
Biopsy


49. Three types of PKD.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Cryptorchidism
Scrotal incision
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


50. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Hypospadias
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Flank incision
Addison's disease