Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Adrenalectomy
Adrenalectomy
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Inguinal incision


2. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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3. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer


4. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Orchiopexy
IVU
Gibson incision
Flank incision


5. Diagnosis for ESRD
Orchiopexy
Twisting of the spermatic cord
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


6. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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7. PKD
Polycystic kidney disease
Biopsy
Renal cell carcinoma
Subcostal flank incision


8. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Biopsy


9. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Lumbar incision
An enhancement of KUB.


10. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Testicular torsion
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Hypospadias
Gibson incision


11. What is PKD?
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Transcostal incision
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


12. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Addison's disease
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Tissue samples


13. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Cryptorchidism
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma


14. Autosomal dominant PKD
End-stage renal disease
Lumbar incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Nephrons


15. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Adrenalectomy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


16. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Cryptorchidism
Hypospadias
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Polycystic kidney disease


17. Torsion of the testicle
Addison's disease
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Endoscopic removal
Twisting of the spermatic cord


18. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Addison's disease
Epispadias.
Postadrenalectomy


19. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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20. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
End-stage renal disease
Biopsy


21. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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22. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


23. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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24. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Gibson incision
Epispadias.


25. KUB stands for?
Subcostal flank incision
Transcostal incision
Addison's disease.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


26. Torsion
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Adrenalectomy
Twisting


27. PSA
Intercostal incision
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Adrenalectomy
Tissue samples


28. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Inguinal incision
Wilms' tumor.
Scrotal incision
Phimosis


29. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


30. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Testicular cancer
Hypospadias
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


31. Ellik evacuator
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Twisting
Circumcision


32. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


33. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
End-stage renal disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)


34. Function of the medulla
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Testicular torsion
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


35. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Endoscopy
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


36. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Wilms' tumor.
Gibson incision.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Adrenalectomy


37. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Wilms' tumor.


38. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Cryptorchidism
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Gibson incision


39. IVU
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Gibson incision
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
An enhancement of KUB.


40. Three types of PKD.
Addison's disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Circumcision
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


41. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Cryptorchidism
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Epispadias.


42. MIBG
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Wilms' tumor.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Renal cell carcinoma


43. What is a KUB?
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Wilms' tumor.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Wilms' tumor.


44. Autosomal recessive PKD
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Tissue samples
End-stage renal disease
Wilms' tumor.


45. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Biopsy
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Endoscopic removal
Cryptorchidism


46. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Wilms' tumor.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


47. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Addison's disease
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma


48. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Urinalysis
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Adrenalectomy
Phimosis


49. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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50. What is phimosis?
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Gibson incision.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.