Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Epispadias.
Inguinal incision


2. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Cushing's syndrome
Addison's disease
Inguinal incision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


3. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Addison's disease.
Hypospadias
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


4. MIBG
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Biopsy


5. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Flank incision
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Epispadias.


6. KUB stands for?
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Wilms' tumor.
Wilms' tumor.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


7. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Flank incision
Nephrons
Postadrenalectomy
Subcostal flank incision


8. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Adrenal gland
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma
Nephrons


9. Function of the detrusor muscle
Testicular cancer
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Addison's disease
Addison's disease.


10. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Gibson incision
Addison's disease
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


11. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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12. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Polycystic kidney disease
Addison's disease
Adrenalectomy


13. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Endoscopic removal
An enhancement of KUB.
Cortex and medulla
Renal cell carcinoma


14. Functional units of the kidney
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Adrenalectomy
Nephrons
IVU


15. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Testicular cancer
Adrenal gland
Endoscopy
Renal cell carcinoma


16. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Postadrenalectomy
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Gibson incision.


17. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Hypospadias
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Lumbar incision


18. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Endoscopy
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Cryptorchidism


19. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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20. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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21. Torsion of the testicle
Addison's disease.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.


22. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Subcostal flank incision
Addison's disease.


23. Another name for IVU
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


24. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
End-stage renal disease
Scrotal incision
Intercostal incision


25. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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26. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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27. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Inguinal incision
Flank incision
An enhancement of KUB.


28. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Postadrenalectomy
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenal gland


29. The single most important laboratory examination.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Urinalysis
Nephrons


30. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Addison's disease
Wilms' tumor.
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma


31. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Polycystic kidney disease
Flank incision
Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism


32. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Circumcision
Testicular cancer
Wilms' tumor.


33. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Cortex and medulla
Endoscopic removal
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


34. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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35. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Hypospadias
Renal cell carcinoma
Orchiopexy
Wilms' tumor.


36. Flank or lumbar incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting
Subcostal flank incision
Adrenal gland


37. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Cryptorchidism
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


38. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Biopsy


39. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Hypospadias
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Endoscopic removal
Hypospadias


40. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Cryptorchidism
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Hypospadias
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


41. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Endoscopic removal
Adrenalectomy
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Wilms' tumor.


42. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Adrenalectomy
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Cryptorchidism


43. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma


44. PSA
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Endoscopic removal
Cushing's syndrome
More than one million.


45. Torsion
End-stage renal disease
Twisting
Hypospadias
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


46. Hypertension and proteinuria
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Gibson incision.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


47. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Renal cell carcinoma
Scrotal incision
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Intercostal incision


48. Autosomal dominant PKD
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Phimosis
Cryptorchidism
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


49. IVU
Renal cell carcinoma
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Addison's disease
An enhancement of KUB.


50. Diagnosis for ESRD
Cryptorchidism
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Adrenal gland
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.