Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Wilms' tumor.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Cryptorchidism
End-stage renal disease


2. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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3. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Epispadias.


4. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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5. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Flank incision
Lumbar incision
Wilms' tumor.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


6. Pheochromacytoma
Adrenalectomy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma


7. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Cryptorchidism
Endoscopic removal
Hypospadias


8. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
An enhancement of KUB.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Addison's disease.


9. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
End-stage renal disease
More than one million.
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


10. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Renal cell carcinoma
Transcostal incision
Hypospadias
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


11. Flank or lumbar incision
Hypospadias
Addison's disease
Cryptorchidism
Adrenal gland


12. Autosomal recessive PKD
Phimosis
Circumcision
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Addison's disease.


13. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.


14. Autosomal dominant PKD
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Addison's disease.
Postadrenalectomy


15. Torsion
Wilms' tumor.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Twisting
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.


16. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
End-stage renal disease
Urinalysis
Testicular cancer
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


17. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Addison's disease
Inguinal incision


18. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Urinalysis
Subcostal flank incision
Retrograde urogram
Flank incision


19. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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20. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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21. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Testicular cancer
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


22. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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23. The single most important laboratory examination.
Lumbar incision
Wilms' tumor.
Biopsy
Urinalysis


24. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Twisting


25. PSA
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Scrotal incision
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.


26. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Addison's disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Orchiopexy


27. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Adrenalectomy
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Subcostal flank incision
Wilms' tumor.


28. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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29. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Cryptorchidism
Endoscopy
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


30. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Postadrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma


31. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Wilms' tumor.
Postadrenalectomy
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


32. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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33. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Testicular cancer
Polycystic kidney disease
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


34. Function of the medulla
Inguinal incision
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Inguinal incision
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.


35. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Cryptorchidism
Cortex and medulla
More than one million.
Hypospadias


36. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Testicular torsion
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Lumbar incision


37. Torsion of the testicle
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Flank incision
Renal cell carcinoma


38. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Wilms' tumor.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Gibson incision.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


39. Adrenalectomy
Wilms' tumor.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Renal cell carcinoma


40. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Polycystic kidney disease
Lumbar incision
Transcostal incision


41. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Addison's disease
Cryptorchidism
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Addison's disease


42. Retrograde urogram
Urinalysis
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
End-stage renal disease
Addison's disease


43. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Cryptorchidism
Endoscopic removal
Renal cell carcinoma
Flank incision


44. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Wilms' tumor.
Wilms' tumor.
Wilms' tumor.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


45. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Renal cell carcinoma
Orchiopexy
Tissue samples


46. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Subcostal flank incision
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Flank incision


47. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Scrotal incision


48. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Gibson incision
More than one million.
Orchiopexy
Endoscopy


49. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Testicular cancer
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Polycystic kidney disease
Endoscopic removal


50. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Scrotal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.