Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Testicular torsion
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


2. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Inguinal incision
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Gibson incision


3. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Gibson incision.


4. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Epispadias.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Tissue samples


5. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Adrenalectomy
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Addison's disease


6. Function of the cortex
Scrotal incision
Addison's disease
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


7. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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8. Ellik evacuator
Cortex and medulla
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Transcostal incision
Circumcision


9. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Cryptorchidism
Addison's disease
Flank incision


10. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Hypospadias
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


11. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
End-stage renal disease
Hypospadias
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.


12. Torsion of the testicle
Adrenalectomy
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Transcostal incision


13. Function of the medulla
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Hypospadias
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


14. Injection of a contrast medium.
Retrograde urogram
Renal cell carcinoma
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
IVU


15. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Addison's disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Scrotal incision


16. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Phimosis
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Nephrons
Flank incision


17. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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18. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Transcostal incision
Postadrenalectomy


19. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Endoscopy
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Subcostal flank incision
Hypospadias


20. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma
Cryptorchidism
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


21. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Lumbar incision
Postadrenalectomy
Phimosis
Cushing's syndrome


22. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Adrenalectomy
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


23. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Hypospadias
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Adrenalectomy


24. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Twisting
IVU
Renal cell carcinoma


25. MIBG
Addison's disease
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Twisting
Cortex and medulla


26. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Wilms' tumor.
Flank incision
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.


27. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Testicular cancer
Cortex and medulla
Cushing's syndrome
Subcostal flank incision


28. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Postadrenalectomy
Polycystic kidney disease
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.


29. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
An enhancement of KUB.
Renal cell carcinoma
End-stage renal disease
Testicular cancer


30. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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31. Excessive thirst and edema.
Wilms' tumor.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.


32. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Renal cell carcinoma
Gibson incision
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


33. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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34. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Circumcision
Wilms' tumor.


35. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Transcostal incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


36. KUB stands for?
End-stage renal disease
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Flank incision
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


37. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Inguinal incision
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


38. Function of the detrusor muscle
Hypospadias
Renal cell carcinoma
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Postadrenalectomy


39. The most common type of kidney cancer.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Circumcision


40. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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41. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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42. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Testicular cancer
Cryptorchidism
Adrenalectomy


43. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Addison's disease
Endoscopy
Circumcision
An enhancement of KUB.


44. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Adrenalectomy
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Intercostal incision
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


45. The single most important laboratory examination.
Renal cell carcinoma
Gibson incision.
Urinalysis
Hypospadias


46. Flank or lumbar incision
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


47. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Orchiopexy
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Epispadias.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


48. Torsion
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Twisting
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Addison's disease


49. IVU
Wilms' tumor.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Epispadias.
An enhancement of KUB.


50. What is PKD?
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Biopsy
Adrenalectomy