Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Endoscopy
Wilms' tumor.
Polycystic kidney disease
Wilms' tumor.


2. The most common type of kidney cancer.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Urinalysis
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.


3. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Biopsy
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


4. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Phimosis
Scrotal incision
Cushing's syndrome


5. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Addison's disease.
Twisting of the spermatic cord


6. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Lumbar incision
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Tissue samples
Renal cell carcinoma


7. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Endoscopic removal
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
End-stage renal disease
Testicular cancer


8. Torsion of the testicle
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Gibson incision
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


9. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Adrenalectomy
Cushing's syndrome


10. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular torsion
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


11. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Hypospadias
An enhancement of KUB.
Renal cell carcinoma


12. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Inguinal incision
Lumbar incision
Intercostal incision
Testicular cancer


13. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Lumbar incision
Testicular cancer
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma


14. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Addison's disease
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Inguinal incision


15. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Transcostal incision
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Renal cell carcinoma
Inguinal incision


16. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Flank incision
Wilms' tumor.
Endoscopy
Adrenalectomy


17. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Renal cell carcinoma
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Endoscopic removal
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


18. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Adrenalectomy
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


19. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Endoscopic removal
Tissue samples
Renal cell carcinoma


20. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Testicular torsion
Hypospadias
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Testicular cancer


21. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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22. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Gibson incision
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Addison's disease


23. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


24. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Testicular cancer
Biopsy
Twisting
Gibson incision


25. Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.


26. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Addison's disease
Circumcision


27. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Intercostal incision
Endoscopic removal
Transcostal incision
Biopsy


28. Flank or lumbar incision
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Adrenal gland
Scrotal incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


29. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Gibson incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Cortex and medulla


30. Function of the medulla
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Renal cell carcinoma
More than one million.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.


31. Another name for IVU
Inguinal incision
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Adrenalectomy
Twisting


32. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Renal cell carcinoma
Flank incision


33. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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34. Two portions of the adrenal gland
End-stage renal disease
Cryptorchidism
Cortex and medulla
Nephrons


35. The single most important laboratory examination.
Urinalysis
Hypospadias
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Phimosis


36. MIBG
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Gibson incision
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Cortex and medulla


37. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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38. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Orchiopexy
Hypospadias
End-stage renal disease


39. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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40. PSA
Cushing's syndrome
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
End-stage renal disease


41. What is PKD?
Cortex and medulla
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
An enhancement of KUB.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


42. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Intercostal incision
Addison's disease
Adrenalectomy
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


43. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Testicular cancer
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


44. Retrograde urogram
Circumcision
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Endoscopic removal
Addison's disease.


45. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
More than one million.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Addison's disease


46. Function of the cortex
Wilms' tumor.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.


47. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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48. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Lumbar incision
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Testicular torsion
Scrotal incision


49. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Addison's disease
Cryptorchidism
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


50. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Cushing's syndrome
Gibson incision
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Testicular torsion