Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is PKD?
Intercostal incision
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Hypospadias
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


2. PKD
Polycystic kidney disease
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
IVU
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


3. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Adrenal gland
Gibson incision.
End-stage renal disease


4. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Nephrons
Gibson incision
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Cryptorchidism


5. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Flank incision
Orchiopexy
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Epispadias.


6. Functional units of the kidney
IVU
Nephrons
Postadrenalectomy
Adrenalectomy


7. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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8. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Orchiopexy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Biopsy
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


9. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Testicular cancer
Adrenalectomy
Wilms' tumor.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


10. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Flank incision
Orchiopexy
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Transcostal incision


11. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Testicular cancer
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Inguinal incision


12. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Hypospadias
Lumbar incision
Addison's disease.


13. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Epispadias.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Flank incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


14. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Transcostal incision
Endoscopy
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma


15. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Testicular cancer
Testicular cancer
Cortex and medulla
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.


16. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Circumcision
Testicular cancer
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.


17. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Renal cell carcinoma
Polycystic kidney disease
Adrenalectomy
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


18. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Circumcision
Cushing's syndrome


19. Hypertension and proteinuria
Biopsy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Renal cell carcinoma
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


20. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
IVU
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Scrotal incision
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


21. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Cryptorchidism
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Wilms' tumor.


22. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Phimosis
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Urinalysis


23. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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24. Torsion
Intercostal incision
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
More than one million.
Twisting


25. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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26. Three types of PKD.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Flank incision
Adrenalectomy
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


27. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Addison's disease.
Cryptorchidism
Urinalysis
Renal cell carcinoma


28. Autosomal dominant PKD
Wilms' tumor.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Renal cell carcinoma


29. The single most important laboratory examination.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Urinalysis
End-stage renal disease
Testicular cancer


30. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Postadrenalectomy
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Epispadias.


31. What is a KUB?
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Renal cell carcinoma
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Cryptorchidism


32. Autosomal recessive PKD
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Inguinal incision
Addison's disease.


33. Injection of a contrast medium.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Twisting of the spermatic cord
IVU
Adrenalectomy


34. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Subcostal flank incision
An enhancement of KUB.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


35. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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36. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Retrograde urogram
More than one million.
Lumbar incision


37. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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38. Pheochromacytoma
Intercostal incision
Biopsy
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


39. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Renal cell carcinoma


40. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Postadrenalectomy
Cortex and medulla
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.


41. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Biopsy
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Inguinal incision


42. Diagnosis for ESRD
Renal cell carcinoma
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


43. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Transcostal incision
Intercostal incision
Endoscopy


44. Excessive thirst and edema.
Renal cell carcinoma
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Adrenal gland


45. Commonly done in a cysto room
Adrenalectomy
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Retrograde urogram
Biopsy


46. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Endoscopic removal
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


47. PSA
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Cryptorchidism
End-stage renal disease
Gibson incision.


48. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Biopsy
Endoscopic removal
Testicular torsion
Addison's disease


49. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Flank incision
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.


50. Ellik evacuator
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)