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Genitourinary Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Adrenal gland
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

2. What is a KUB?
More than one million.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).

3. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Adrenalectomy
Adrenalectomy
An enhancement of KUB.

4. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Circumcision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Endoscopic removal
Testicular cancer

5. Function of the medulla
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.

6. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Cryptorchidism
Urinalysis
Twisting
Testicular cancer

7. Adrenalectomy
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Twisting
Inguinal incision

8. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Addison's disease.
End-stage renal disease
Hypospadias
Nephrons

9. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

10. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Flank incision
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Flank incision
Renal cell carcinoma

11. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
An enhancement of KUB.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Adrenalectomy

12. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Lumbar incision
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Transcostal incision
Phimosis

13. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Cryptorchidism
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
More than one million.

14. Injection of a contrast medium.
Cortex and medulla
IVU
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Endoscopy

15. PSA
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Cryptorchidism

16. The single most important laboratory examination.
Cryptorchidism
Tissue samples
Renal cell carcinoma
Urinalysis

17. Retrograde urogram
Wilms' tumor.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Tissue samples

18. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

19. Hypertension and proteinuria
Scrotal incision
Wilms' tumor.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Cryptorchidism

20. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
An enhancement of KUB.
Wilms' tumor.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Scrotal incision

21. KUB stands for?
An enhancement of KUB.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Cryptorchidism

22. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Wilms' tumor.
Intercostal incision
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.

23. Autosomal dominant PKD
Cushing's syndrome
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Wilms' tumor.

24. What is phimosis?
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Wilms' tumor.
Flank incision
Addison's disease

25. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Inguinal incision
Adrenalectomy
Flank incision
Endoscopy

26. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Cryptorchidism
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.

27. Function of the cortex
Cryptorchidism
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Renal cell carcinoma

28. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Postadrenalectomy
Endoscopy
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Orchiopexy

29. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Flank incision
Gibson incision.
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.

30. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Epispadias.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.

31. Flank or lumbar incision
Adrenal gland
An enhancement of KUB.
Wilms' tumor.
Addison's disease

32. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Epispadias.
Inguinal incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Renal cell carcinoma

33. Ellik evacuator
Gibson incision.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
An enhancement of KUB.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.

34. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Urinalysis
Renal cell carcinoma
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Orchiopexy

35. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Urinalysis
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Adrenalectomy
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.

36. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

37. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

38. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

39. Torsion
Cryptorchidism
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Twisting
An enhancement of KUB.

40. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Cryptorchidism
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.

41. Function of the detrusor muscle
Endoscopic removal
Renal cell carcinoma
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Scrotal incision

42. Two portions of the adrenal gland
IVU
Postadrenalectomy
Cortex and medulla
Wilms' tumor.

43. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Renal cell carcinoma
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Flank incision

44. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Phimosis
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Cushing's syndrome
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.

45. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Epispadias.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.

46. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

47. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Nephrons
Cortex and medulla
Renal cell carcinoma
Endoscopic removal

48. Commonly done in a cysto room
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Retrograde urogram
Wilms' tumor.
End-stage renal disease

49. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Wilms' tumor.
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Cryptorchidism

50. Three types of PKD.
Testicular cancer
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Orchiopexy
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.