Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Wilms' tumor.
Addison's disease.
Urinalysis
Renal cell carcinoma


2. The single most important laboratory examination.
Addison's disease
Urinalysis
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Renal cell carcinoma


3. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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4. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Flank incision
Adrenalectomy
Gibson incision.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


5. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Circumcision
Transcostal incision
Phimosis
Tissue samples


6. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Retrograde urogram
Renal cell carcinoma
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


7. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Cryptorchidism
Endoscopy
Flank incision
Hypospadias


8. Torsion
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Cryptorchidism
Twisting
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


9. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Adrenalectomy
Transcostal incision
Scrotal incision
End-stage renal disease


10. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Adrenalectomy
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
IVU


11. Function of the detrusor muscle
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Inguinal incision


12. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Nephrons
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
End-stage renal disease


13. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Biopsy
Testicular torsion
Renal cell carcinoma


14. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Renal cell carcinoma
Gibson incision
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


15. Flank or lumbar incision
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenal gland
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Scrotal incision


16. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Intercostal incision


17. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


18. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Epispadias.
IVU
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenalectomy


19. Autosomal dominant PKD
Wilms' tumor.
Twisting
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


20. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
IVU
Addison's disease
End-stage renal disease


21. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Intercostal incision
Polycystic kidney disease
Cushing's syndrome


22. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Inguinal incision
Postadrenalectomy
Testicular cancer
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


23. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Orchiopexy
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


24. Ellik evacuator
Adrenalectomy
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
IVU


25. Injection of a contrast medium.
More than one million.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
IVU
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


26. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Adrenal gland
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


27. Torsion of the testicle
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Orchiopexy
Inguinal incision
Transcostal incision


28. PSA
Transcostal incision
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Testicular cancer
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


29. Diagnosis for ESRD
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Circumcision


30. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Wilms' tumor.
Retrograde urogram
Testicular cancer
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.


31. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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32. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Adrenalectomy
Wilms' tumor.
End-stage renal disease
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


33. Retrograde urogram
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Postadrenalectomy
Cryptorchidism


34. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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35. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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36. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Postadrenalectomy
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


37. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Cryptorchidism
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Gibson incision.


38. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Renal cell carcinoma
IVU
Scrotal incision
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


39. Adrenalectomy
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Intercostal incision
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.


40. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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41. Function of the cortex
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Endoscopy


42. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Renal cell carcinoma
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.


43. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Biopsy
End-stage renal disease
Epispadias.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


44. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Subcostal flank incision
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
An enhancement of KUB.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


45. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Endoscopy
Urinalysis
Testicular cancer
Hypospadias


46. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Endoscopy
Hypospadias


47. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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48. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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49. Hypertension and proteinuria
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


50. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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