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Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Transcostal incision
Cryptorchidism
End-stage renal disease

2. Severely decreased or no urine output.
End-stage renal disease
Wilms' tumor.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.

3. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

4. Flank or lumbar incision
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Adrenal gland
More than one million.
Postadrenalectomy

5. Functional units of the kidney
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Nephrons
Adrenalectomy

6. IVU
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Intercostal incision
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
An enhancement of KUB.

7. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

8. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
Adrenalectomy
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Renal cell carcinoma
Flank incision

9. MIBG
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Addison's disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenal gland

10. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Nephrons
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Lumbar incision

11. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
IVU

12. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Twisting
Phimosis
Lumbar incision
Biopsy

13. Excessive thirst and edema.
Addison's disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.

14. Function of the detrusor muscle
Addison's disease.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Orchiopexy

15. Another name for IVU
Lumbar incision
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Inguinal incision
Urinalysis

16. KUB stands for?
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Wilms' tumor.
Urinalysis
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.

17. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Testicular cancer
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).

18. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Hypospadias
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Renal cell carcinoma

19. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Cushing's syndrome
Twisting of the spermatic cord

20. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Postadrenalectomy
Flank incision

21. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Epispadias.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Twisting

22. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Testicular cancer
Cushing's syndrome
Nephrons
Cryptorchidism

23. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Scrotal incision
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma

24. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy
Hypospadias
Twisting of the spermatic cord

25. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

26. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
End-stage renal disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Inguinal incision
Gibson incision

27. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
End-stage renal disease
Adrenal gland
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.

28. PSA
Wilms' tumor.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Wilms' tumor.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.

29. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Scrotal incision
Testicular cancer
Hypospadias
Urinalysis

30. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Cryptorchidism
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Testicular cancer

31. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Intercostal incision
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Cryptorchidism
Testicular torsion

32. Autosomal recessive PKD
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer

33. Hypertension and proteinuria
Subcostal flank incision
Lumbar incision
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy

34. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Postadrenalectomy
Cryptorchidism
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Renal cell carcinoma

35. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Phimosis
Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism
PKD/polycystic kidney disease

36. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Endoscopic removal
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.

37. Torsion of the testicle
Addison's disease
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Cryptorchidism

38. Two treatment options for ESRD.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Cortex and medulla
Cushing's syndrome
Dialysis and kidney transplant.

39. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Phimosis
Lumbar incision
Adrenalectomy
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.

40. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Cortex and medulla
Hypospadias
Circumcision
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.

41. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Wilms' tumor.
Biopsy
Wilms' tumor.
Cortex and medulla

42. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.

43. Autosomal dominant PKD
Scrotal incision
Inguinal incision
End-stage renal disease
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.

44. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Subcostal flank incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Tissue samples
Wilms' tumor.

45. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

46. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Orchiopexy
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Transcostal incision

47. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Transcostal incision
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
An enhancement of KUB.
Twisting

48. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

49. The single most important laboratory examination.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
End-stage renal disease
Urinalysis
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.

50. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Phimosis
Inguinal incision
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Renal cell carcinoma