Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Flank or lumbar incision
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Addison's disease
Adrenal gland
Lumbar incision


2. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Gibson incision.
Addison's disease
Lumbar incision
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.


3. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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4. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Renal cell carcinoma
Lumbar incision
Epispadias.
Flank incision


5. Two causes for Cushings' syndrome
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).


6. PKD
Adrenalectomy
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Polycystic kidney disease


7. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Flank incision
Cryptorchidism
An enhancement of KUB.


8. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Orchiopexy
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Biopsy
Postadrenalectomy


9. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Cryptorchidism
Cortex and medulla
Wilms' tumor.
Transcostal incision


10. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Phimosis
Lumbar incision
Testicular torsion
Polycystic kidney disease


11. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Testicular cancer
Urinalysis
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


12. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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13. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
More than one million.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


14. Diagnosis for ESRD
Wilms' tumor.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Inguinal incision


15. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Adrenalectomy
Testicular cancer


16. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Cryptorchidism
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


17. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Flank incision
Intercostal incision
Addison's disease
Tissue samples


18. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Adrenalectomy
Intercostal incision
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


19. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Inguinal incision
Gibson incision
Circumcision
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


20. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Retrograde urogram
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Gibson incision.
Testicular cancer


21. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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22. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy
IVU


23. Three types of PKD.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Hypospadias


24. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Wilms' tumor.
Phimosis


25. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Postadrenalectomy
Adrenal gland
Transcostal incision
Endoscopic removal


26. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
End-stage renal disease
Renal cell carcinoma
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Cryptorchidism


27. What is a KUB?
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Renal cell carcinoma
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Testicular cancer


28. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Nephrons
Circumcision
Endoscopic removal
Hypospadias


29. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.
Testicular cancer


30. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
IVU
Biopsy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


31. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Wilms' tumor.
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma
Endoscopy


32. Injection of a contrast medium.
IVU
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Wilms' tumor.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


33. MIBG
Renal cell carcinoma
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Inguinal incision
Wilms' tumor.


34. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
End-stage renal disease
Endoscopic removal
Flank incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


35. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Inguinal incision
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Cryptorchidism
Testicular cancer


36. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Renal cell carcinoma
End-stage renal disease
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


37. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Lumbar incision
Addison's disease


38. Autosomal dominant PKD
Circumcision
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


39. Ellik evacuator
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Circumcision
Transcostal incision


40. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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41. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Cushing's syndrome
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Cryptorchidism


42. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Intercostal incision
Nephrons
Addison's disease
Inguinal incision


43. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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44. Excessive thirst and edema.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Circumcision
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Adrenal gland


45. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Adrenalectomy
Cryptorchidism
Addison's disease
Hypospadias


46. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Cortex and medulla
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease


47. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Gibson incision
IVU
Cryptorchidism
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


48. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Addison's disease
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Cryptorchidism


49. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Tissue samples
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


50. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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