Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Circumcision
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Postadrenalectomy
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


2. The single most important laboratory examination.
Wilms' tumor.
Urinalysis
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Cryptorchidism


3. Autosomal recessive PKD
Addison's disease
Epispadias.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.


4. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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5. Diagnosis for ESRD
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Wilms' tumor.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


6. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Testicular torsion
Cortex and medulla
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma


7. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Subcostal flank incision
Orchiopexy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
More than one million.


8. Excessive thirst and edema.
Renal cell carcinoma
Cushing's syndrome
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Twisting


9. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Cryptorchidism
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Renal cell carcinoma
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


10. Another name for IVU
Addison's disease
Endoscopic removal
Cortex and medulla
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


11. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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12. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Cryptorchidism
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Orchiopexy
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.


13. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Retrograde urogram
Testicular cancer
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


14. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Postadrenalectomy
Biopsy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Scrotal incision


15. Functional units of the kidney
Flank incision
Nephrons
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Renal cell carcinoma


16. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Postadrenalectomy
Cryptorchidism
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


17. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
IVU
Cortex and medulla
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


18. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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19. Autosomal dominant PKD
Hypospadias
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Wilms' tumor.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


20. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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21. Commonly done in a cysto room
Cryptorchidism
Retrograde urogram
Epispadias.
Cushing's syndrome


22. Three types of PKD.
Flank incision
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma


23. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Renal cell carcinoma
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Cushing's syndrome


24. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Testicular torsion
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


25. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenalectomy
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Epispadias.


26. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Testicular cancer
Hypospadias
Lumbar incision


27. Flank or lumbar incision
Polycystic kidney disease
End-stage renal disease
Adrenal gland
Biopsy


28. Surgical removal of the affected kidney is recommended and should be followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If treated prior to metastasis the 5-year survival rate is 90%.

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29. MIBG
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Adrenal gland


30. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Cushing's syndrome


31. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


32. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Orchiopexy
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Adrenalectomy


33. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Wilms' tumor.
Addison's disease.
Wilms' tumor.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


34. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
Flank incision
Phimosis
Endoscopy
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.


35. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Gibson incision
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.


36. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Inguinal incision
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Hypospadias
Renal cell carcinoma


37. KUB stands for?
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Transcostal incision


38. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Addison's disease.
Cortex and medulla
Cryptorchidism
Wilms' tumor.


39. Adrenalectomy
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Renal cell carcinoma


40. Ellik evacuator
Testicular cancer
Testicular cancer
Biopsy
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


41. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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42. Torsion of the testicle
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Circumcision
End-stage renal disease
Renal cell carcinoma


43. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Cryptorchidism
Subcostal flank incision
Cryptorchidism
Cushing's syndrome


44. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Testicular torsion
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.


45. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Hypospadias
More than one million.
Tissue samples


46. Injection of a contrast medium.
IVU
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Wilms' tumor.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


47. Best for nonmalignant masses.
Endoscopic removal
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Testicular torsion
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.


48. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Cushing's syndrome
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Wilms' tumor.
Testicular torsion


49. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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50. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Hypospadias
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Gibson incision