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Genitourinary Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
An enhancement of KUB.
Cushing's syndrome
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.

2. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

3. Another name for IVU
Addison's disease.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Renal cell carcinoma
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).

4. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Transcostal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Urinalysis
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.

5. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

6. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Retrograde urogram
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Nephrons
Cryptorchidism

7. MIBG
Cushing's syndrome
Subcostal flank incision
Lumbar incision
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.

8. PSA
Biopsy
Nephrons
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Endoscopy

9. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

10. What is a KUB?
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Wilms' tumor.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy

11. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Addison's disease
Endoscopy
Flank incision
Adrenal gland

12. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

13. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Cryptorchidism
Epispadias.
Hypospadias
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.

14. Diagnosis for ESRD
Addison's disease.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Circumcision
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.

15. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Postadrenalectomy
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.

16. KUB stands for?
Biopsy
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Retrograde urogram
Transcostal incision

17. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Orchiopexy
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Testicular cancer
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.

18. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
End-stage renal disease
Hypospadias
Testicular cancer
Tissue samples

19. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma
Tissue samples
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy

20. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Testicular torsion
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Cryptorchidism
Endoscopic removal

21. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Tissue samples
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Cryptorchidism

22. Retrograde urogram
Inguinal incision
Testicular torsion
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Polycystic kidney disease

23. 5 year survival rate around 75%.
Wilms' tumor.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
IVU
Renal cell carcinoma

24. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
Testicular cancer
Adrenalectomy
Transcostal incision
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.

25. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

26. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
End-stage renal disease
Transcostal incision
Subcostal flank incision

27. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Cryptorchidism
Retrograde urogram
Flank incision
Transcostal incision

28. Hypertension and proteinuria
Wilms' tumor.
Urinalysis
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
More than one million.

29. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Cryptorchidism
Testicular torsion

30. Torsion
Renal cell carcinoma
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Twisting
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

31. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Phimosis
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

32. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.

33. The most common type of kidney cancer.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenalectomy

34. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Intercostal incision
Addison's disease
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Hypospadias

35. Functional units of the kidney
Lumbar incision
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Nephrons
Postadrenalectomy

36. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Gibson incision.
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease

37. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Hypospadias
Adrenalectomy
Wilms' tumor.
Subcostal flank incision

38. Excessive thirst and edema.
Testicular cancer
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Tissue samples

39. Autosomal dominant PKD
Testicular cancer
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Twisting
Polycystic kidney disease

40. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

41. Two portions of the adrenal gland
Scrotal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Cortex and medulla

42. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Renal cell carcinoma
More than one million.
Wilms' tumor.
Hypospadias

43. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Wilms' tumor.
Cryptorchidism

44. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Cryptorchidism
Tissue samples
Testicular cancer

45. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

46. Torsion of the testicle
Epispadias.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.

47. Ellik evacuator
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Wilms' tumor.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Scrotal incision

48. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Hypospadias
Endoscopic removal
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

49. Function of the detrusor muscle
Addison's disease.
Biopsy
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Inguinal incision

50. What is PKD?
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Addison's disease
Phimosis
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.