Genitourinary Surgery

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• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Commonly done in a cysto room
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Renal cell carcinoma
Retrograde urogram
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


2. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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3. Two treatment options for ESRD.
End-stage renal disease
Tissue samples
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


4. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Cryptorchidism
Addison's disease.


5. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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6. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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7. Torsion
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
IVU
Twisting


8. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Testicular cancer
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Tissue samples


9. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Endoscopy


10. Autosomal dominant PKD
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Flank incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


11. Ellik evacuator
Addison's disease
Wilms' tumor.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.


12. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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13. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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14. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Postadrenalectomy
More than one million.
Renal cell carcinoma


15. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
Wilms' tumor.
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Gibson incision.


16. Another name for IVU
Addison's disease
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Renal cell carcinoma
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


17. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Inguinal incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Testicular cancer


18. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Inguinal incision
Cryptorchidism
Adrenalectomy
Hypospadias


19. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Flank incision
Hypospadias
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Cryptorchidism


20. Best for nonmalignant masses.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Intercostal incision
Inguinal incision
Endoscopic removal


21. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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22. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Wilms' tumor.
Cryptorchidism


23. PKD
IVU
Lumbar incision
Polycystic kidney disease
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.


24. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Adrenalectomy
Flank incision
Addison's disease.
Nephrons


25. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Wilms' tumor.
Tissue samples
Wilms' tumor.
Urinalysis


26. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Scrotal incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Lumbar incision
Flank incision


27. IVU
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
An enhancement of KUB.
IVU


28. Function of the detrusor muscle
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Polycystic kidney disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma


29. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Gibson incision.
Hypospadias
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Wilms' tumor.


30. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Cortex and medulla
Scrotal incision
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


31. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Lumbar incision
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Wilms' tumor.


32. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Twisting
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Renal cell carcinoma


33. Pheochromacytoma
Hypospadias
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Intercostal incision
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


34. Three types of PKD.
Subcostal flank incision
Scrotal incision
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Flank incision


35. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Flank incision
Biopsy
Wilms' tumor.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)


36. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
More than one million.


37. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Testicular cancer
Flank incision
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Renal cell carcinoma


38. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
An enhancement of KUB.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Circumcision
Renal cell carcinoma


39. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Cushing's syndrome
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Phimosis


40. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Gibson incision


41. Retrograde urogram
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Epispadias.
Renal cell carcinoma
Hypospadias


42. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Cryptorchidism
Phimosis
Inguinal incision
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


43. What is a KUB?
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Cushing's syndrome
Adrenalectomy


44. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
Renal cell carcinoma
Cortex and medulla
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
End-stage renal disease


45. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Lumbar incision
Subcostal flank incision
Inguinal incision


46. Excessive thirst and edema.
Addison's disease
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
An enhancement of KUB.


47. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Transcostal incision
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Orchiopexy
Wilms' tumor.


48. Torsion of the testicle
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Hypospadias
Renal cell carcinoma
Twisting of the spermatic cord


49. Flank or lumbar incision
Tissue samples
Adrenal gland
Addison's disease.
Phimosis


50. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Adrenalectomy