Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. PKD
Testicular cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Polycystic kidney disease
Wilms' tumor.


2. Retrograde urogram
Urinalysis
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Orchiopexy
Wilms' tumor.


3. Hypertension and proteinuria
Cryptorchidism
Testicular torsion
Addison's disease
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


4. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
End-stage renal disease
Addison's disease.
Urinalysis
Gibson incision.


5. Autosomal dominant PKD
End-stage renal disease
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Cushing's syndrome
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


6. Usually performed because of a tumor - causes Cushing's syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Biopsy
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Adrenalectomy


7. Best for nonmalignant masses.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Endoscopic removal


8. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Wilms' tumor.
Lumbar incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Postadrenalectomy


9. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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10. PSA
End-stage renal disease
Polycystic kidney disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


11. Severely decreased or no urine output.
Renal cell carcinoma
End-stage renal disease
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


12. Autosomal recessive PKD
Testicular torsion
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Endoscopy


13. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Testicular cancer
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


14. Function of the cortex
Urinalysis
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Inguinal incision
Hypospadias


15. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

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16. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
Lumbar incision
Gibson incision
Phimosis
Endoscopy


17. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Renal cell carcinoma
Nephrons
Polycystic kidney disease
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.


18. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Renal cell carcinoma
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Wilms' tumor.
Adrenalectomy


19. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Cushing's syndrome
Wilms' tumor.


20. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Phimosis
Lumbar incision
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Cryptorchidism


21. MIBG
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Adrenalectomy
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Inguinal incision


22. Incision - direct access provided to the adrenal gland - kidney - and proximal ureter.
Flank incision
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Renal cell carcinoma
Adrenal gland


23. Central body obesity - glucose intolerance - hypertension - hirsutism - osteoporosis - kidney stone formation - emotional instability - menstrual irregularity.

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24. Radical nephrectomy recommended if it has not spread.
Renal cell carcinoma
Intercostal incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


25. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Cryptorchidism
Adrenalectomy
More than one million.


26. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Addison's disease
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Intercostal incision
Cryptorchidism


27. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Adrenal gland
Addison's disease
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.


28. KUB stands for?
Testicular torsion
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Renal cell carcinoma
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.


29. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Twisting
Gibson incision
Orchiopexy


30. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Transcostal incision
Wilms' tumor.
Testicular cancer
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


31. Excessive thirst and edema.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Addison's disease
IVU
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


32. Three types of PKD.
Addison's disease
Gibson incision
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
End-stage renal disease


33. Acquired cystic kidney disease
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Biopsy
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


34. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Polycystic kidney disease
Testicular cancer
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


35. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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36. What is a KUB?
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Gibson incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Transcostal incision


37. The urethral opening occurs on the underside of the penis/on the perineum of the male.
Renal cell carcinoma
Hypospadias
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Testicular cancer


38. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
Tissue samples
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


39. Recommended for severe phimosis.
Polycystic kidney disease
Wilms' tumor.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Circumcision


40. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Inguinal incision
More than one million.
An enhancement of KUB.
Subcostal flank incision


41. Pheochromacytoma
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Adrenalectomy
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Wilms' tumor.


42. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Scrotal incision
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.


43. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Flank incision
Lumbar incision
Cryptorchidism


44. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
Retrograde urogram
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.


45. Commonly done in a cysto room
Retrograde urogram
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Endoscopic removal
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


46. Adrenalectomy
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Phimosis
Testicular torsion
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.


47. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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48. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Adrenal gland
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular torsion
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.


49. Ellik evacuator
Endoscopy
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Intercostal incision
Cushing's syndrome


50. What is PKD?
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Renal cell carcinoma
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.