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Genitourinary Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Hypospadias
Addison's disease
Lumbar incision
An enhancement of KUB.

2. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Flank incision
Subcostal flank incision
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Renal cell carcinoma

3. Function of the detrusor muscle
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Wilms' tumor.
Cryptorchidism
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

4. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Twisting
Adrenalectomy
Testicular cancer

5. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

6. The most common type of kidney cancer.
Addison's disease
Hypospadias
Biopsy
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.

7. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

8. Acquired cystic kidney disease
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Renal cell carcinoma
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Adrenal gland

9. Functional units of the kidney
Wilms' tumor.
Inguinal incision
Nephrons
Postadrenalectomy

10. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Addison's disease
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Cryptorchidism

11. Torsion of the testicle
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Gibson incision.
Gibson incision

12. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Lumbar incision
Testicular cancer
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.

13. IVU
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Gibson incision
Retrograde urogram
An enhancement of KUB.

14. KUB stands for?
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Renal cell carcinoma
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Adrenal gland

15. 90% of the cases only one kidney is affected.

16. Classic symptoms of Pheochromacytoma.
Addison's disease
Flank incision
Hypospadias
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.

17. MIBG
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Gibson incision.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.

18. Incision involves cutting the muscles.
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
Flank incision
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Addison's disease.

19. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Intercostal incision
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Renal cell carcinoma
Endoscopy

20. Another name for IVU
Cryptorchidism
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Polycystic kidney disease
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.

21. Autosomal dominant PKD
Subcostal flank incision
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
An enhancement of KUB.
Wilms' tumor.

22. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Cushing's syndrome
Cryptorchidism
Gibson incision

23. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
Lumbar incision
Cryptorchidism
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.

24. Hypertension and proteinuria
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Subcostal flank incision
Inguinal incision
Retrograde urogram

25. May reduce or obstruct blood flow and produce ischemia or necrosis.
Wilms' tumor.
Testicular torsion
Retrograde urogram
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

26. Function of the cortex
More than one million.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Cortex and medulla
Transcostal incision

27. Infants with cryptorchidism are at higher risk than the general population
End-stage renal disease
Testicular cancer
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.

28. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Transcostal incision
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Intercostal incision
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).

29. What is phimosis?
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Postadrenalectomy
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.

30. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Orchiopexy

31. Orchiectomy is recommended and follow-up treatment with radiation or chemotherapy.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Hypospadias
Testicular cancer

32. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Subcostal flank incision
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Wilms' tumor.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.

33. Treated through an inguinal incision.
An enhancement of KUB.
Addison's disease
Cryptorchidism
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.

34. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

35. Recommended for severe phimosis.
End-stage renal disease
Circumcision
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

36. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

37. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Wilms' tumor.
Addison's disease
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Inguinal incision

38. PKD
Addison's disease.
Polycystic kidney disease
Wilms' tumor.
IVU

39. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Phimosis
Cryptorchidism
End-stage renal disease

40. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Endoscopy
Inguinal incision
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).

41. Ellik evacuator
Flank incision
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.

42. Approximate number of nephrons in each kidney
Inguinal incision
More than one million.
Cryptorchidism
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.

43. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Renal cell carcinoma
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Adrenalectomy

44. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Cryptorchidism
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Adrenalectomy
End-stage renal disease

45. The single most important laboratory examination.
Urinalysis
Subcostal flank incision
Adrenalectomy
Testicular cancer

46. Pheochromacytoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Testicular cancer
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.

47. Torsion
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Inguinal incision
Twisting
Testicular cancer

48. Injection of a contrast medium.
IVU
Adrenal gland
Postadrenalectomy
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.

49. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Phimosis
Intercostal incision
Cortex and medulla
End-stage renal disease

50. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Flank incision
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Renal cell carcinoma
Scrotal incision