Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Flank incision
Endoscopic removal
Renal cell carcinoma


2. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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3. Done endoscopically or via a traditional incision.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Epispadias.
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma


4. Retrograde urogram
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Gibson incision.
Postadrenalectomy
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.


5. Affects men twice as often as women and appears between the ages of 50 and 60.
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Polycystic kidney disease
Renal cell carcinoma
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


6. Functional units of the kidney
Nephrons
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
End-stage renal disease
Cryptorchidism


7. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy - medication for pain - there is no cure.
Renal cell carcinoma
An enhancement of KUB.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Cryptorchidism


8. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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9. Ellik evacuator
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.
Phimosis


10. Four basic chemical types of urinary calculi.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Renal cell carcinoma
Testicular cancer


11. Injection of a contrast medium.
Epispadias.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
IVU
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


12. PKD
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Lumbar incision
Polycystic kidney disease


13. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Addison's disease
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Gibson incision.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


14. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Gibson incision
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Adrenal gland
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


15. Autosomal dominant PKD
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Adrenalectomy
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.


16. Should be performed as soon as possible to prevent testicular torsion from reoccuring.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Orchiopexy
Adrenal gland
Gibson incision.


17. Another name for IVU
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
Addison's disease.


18. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Adrenalectomy
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Cryptorchidism
End-stage renal disease


19. MIBG
A nuclear medicine study that is designed to detect and locate pheochromocytoma.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
End-stage renal disease
Testicular cancer


20. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Epispadias.


21. What is phimosis?
Testicular torsion
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Addison's disease
More than one million.


22. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
Polycystic kidney disease
Circumcision
Intercostal incision
Phimosis


23. Two portions of the adrenal gland
End-stage renal disease
Renal cell carcinoma
Cortex and medulla
Cryptorchidism


24. Two conditions that often lead to ESRD.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.


25. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.
Cryptorchidism
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Wilms' tumor.


26. Torsion of the testicle
Adrenalectomy
An enhancement of KUB.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Twisting of the spermatic cord


27. Allows for visualization of the affected structures.
Endoscopy
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Wilms' tumor.
Nephrons


28. A malignant change to cells lining the renal tubule - producing hematuria - flank pain - the presence of a palpable mass - hypertension - fatigue - and weight loss.
Renal cell carcinoma
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Gibson incision.
Inguinal incision


29. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Circumcision
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


30. What is PKD?
Testicular torsion
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Renal cell carcinoma
Addison's disease.


31. Function of the cortex
Secretes steroid-type hormones essential to the control of fluid and electrolyte balance.
Epispadias.
Postadrenalectomy
Inguinal incision


32. Incision of choice for radical orchiectomy.
Inguinal incision
End-stage renal disease
Gibson incision.
Addison's disease


33. Important tools in diagnosing tumors and obstructions of the genitourinary tract.

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34. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Gibson incision
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Adrenalectomy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.


35. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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36. Severely decreased or no urine output.
Polycystic kidney disease
End-stage renal disease
Wilms' tumor.
Addison's disease


37. KUB stands for?
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Intercostal incision
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Endoscopy


38. Incision used for implantation of a donor kidney.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
Renal cell carcinoma
Gibson incision


39. Usually strikes young men between the ages of 20 and 40.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Testicular cancer
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Renal cell carcinoma


40. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Hypospadias
Twisting
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Biopsy


41. Hypertension and proteinuria
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Biopsy
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Hypospadias


42. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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43. Autosomal recessive PKD
Gibson incision.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Adrenalectomy
Severe headaches - excess sweating - tachycardia-palpitations - anxiety - tremor - pain in the epigastric region - weight loss - and heat intolerance.


44. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Intercostal incision
Transcostal incision
Addison's disease
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.


45. Three types of PKD.
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Circumcision


46. Function of the detrusor muscle
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Contrast medium is injected into the ureters with the use of a cystoscope because of an obstruction.
Endoscopic removal


47. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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48. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
Flank incision
Testicular torsion
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


49. The single most important laboratory examination.
Lumbar incision
Urinalysis
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Testicular torsion


50. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Postadrenalectomy