Genitourinary Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Incision - planned between the 11th and 12th rib - involves separation rather than resection.
Intercostal incision
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
Cushing's syndrome
Addison's disease.


2. Incision - exposes the entire kidney.
Transcostal incision
Cryptorchidism
Polycystic kidney disease
A tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland causing an overproduction of adrenaline.


3. Incision - provides limited exposure - used for adrenalectomy - renal biopsy - or removal of a small low-lying kidney.
Transcostal incision
Orchiopexy
Lumbar incision
Cryptorchidism


4. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) may be used.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Cryptorchidism
Wilms' tumor.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


5. Three cavernous structures of the penis.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
More than one million.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
Gibson incision


6. What is a KUB?
Addison's disease.
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
An anterior to posterior radiographic view of the urinary system.
Hypospadias


7. May be a complication of certain illnesses such as TB and AIDS.

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8. Family history is probably the most important factor in diagnosing.
Adrenalectomy
End-stage renal disease
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Addison's disease


9. Function of the detrusor muscle
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Wilms' tumor.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy


10. Ultrasound - CT - and MRI will aid in diagnosing the extent of the tumor and any metastasis.

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11. Adrenalectomy
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Adrenalectomy
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.


12. Incision used to access the scrotal contents.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Scrotal incision
Dialysis and kidney transplant.
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.


13. Excessive thirst and edema.
Useful in determining cancer of the prostate.
More than one million.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.
Diabetic nephropathy/Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease.


14. Hormone replacement with corticosteroids is essential for life.

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15. Two treatment options for ESRD.
Postadrenalectomy
Wilms' tumor.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Dialysis and kidney transplant.


16. Incision often used to access the scrotal contents of an adult or child.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.
Testicular cancer
Inguinal incision
Cryptorchidism


17. Diagnosis for ESRD
Epispadias.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Cryptorchidism
Subcostal flank incision


18. Congenital nephroblastoma is also called

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19. KUB stands for?
Kidney - ureters - and bladder.
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Hypospadias


20. Follow-up care may include lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Postadrenalectomy
Gibson incision
Cortex and medulla


21. Disorder commonly associated with premature birth - and accompanied by an inguinal hernia.
Cryptorchidism
Polycystic kidney disease or diabetic nephropathy.
Cortex and medulla
PKD/polycystic kidney disease


22. A malignance affecting the kidney that occurs in children primarily between the ages of 3 and 4.

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23. Directly linked to cigarette smoking and heredity.
Addison's disease.
Gibson incision
Renal cell carcinoma
Intercostal incision


24. A condition affecting the prepuce/foreskin.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease
Phimosis
Epispadias.
Subcostal flank incision


25. 50% of all persons affected progress to kidney failure or ESRD.
Biopsy
Hypospadias
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Flank incision


26. Commonly done in a cysto room
Retrograde urogram
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.


27. The developmental absence of the anterior wall of the urethra.
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Primary cause is a pituitary tumor (overproduction of ACTH) - tumor of the adrenal cortex (may be benign or malignant).
Epispadias.
Develops in patients with long-term kidney problems - symptoms occur later in life.


28. Malaise - fatigue - headache - hypertension - and decreased mental alertness.
End-stage renal disease
Phimosis
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Cushing's syndrome


29. One or both testicles fail to descend to the final destination in the scrotum after the first year of life.
Renal cell carcinoma
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
Gibson incision
Cryptorchidism


30. Treatment of certain types of reproductive malignancies.
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Adrenalectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


31. Torsion of the testicle
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Testicular torsion
Polycystic kidney disease
Phimosis


32. Urethral opening occurs in the vagina of the female.
Inherited - extremely rare - affects young children.
Hypospadias
Cryptorchidism
Tissue samples


33. Three types of PKD.
Wilms' tumor.
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
The two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side that lie side by side. The corpus spongiosum which lies in the midline below the former structures.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)


34. Incision - low lying kidney or mid to upper ureter
Autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - acquired cystic kidney disease.
Adrenalectomy
Subcostal flank incision
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.


35. Functional units of the kidney
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Cushing's syndrome
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Nephrons


36. PKD
Calcium-based 75% - struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate 15% - uric acid - cystine.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.
Forcefully removes tumor segments and blood clots from the bladder.
Polycystic kidney disease


37. Why does the ureter run obliquely through the bladder wall?
It allows the bladder to prevent reflux through muscular contraction upon the ureter.
Testicular cancer
Nephrons
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).


38. Weight loss - weakness and fatigue - GI disturbances - low blood pressure - darkening of the skin - hair loss - and dramatic mood and behavior changes.

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39. Diabetic nephropathy other names.
Adrenalectomy
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Regular X-rays - ultrasound - CT scan - and MRI's.


40. Treated through an inguinal incision.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Adrenalectomy
Cryptorchidism
Twisting


41. A normal part of aging affecting most men over the age of 50.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Testicular cancer


42. Incision used to access the lower portion of the ureter.
PKD/polycystic kidney disease.
Gibson incision.
Renal cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of the renal cells.
Inherited - develops between the ages of 30 and 40 - 90% of all PKD fall into this category.


43. Obtained using percutaneous - endoscopic - and open methods.
End-stage renal disease
Wilms' tumor.
Tissue samples
Cryptorchidism


44. What is the treatment for Cushing's syndrome?
Circumcision
Pituitary tumors - surgical removal or radiation therapy. Benign adrenal tumors - removed endoscopically - malignant tumors - surgical removal.
Epispadias.
More than one million.


45. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scans.
Urinalysis
Renal cell carcinoma
Wilms' tumor.
A condition that prevents the foreskin from retracting over the glans penis.


46. The only way to accurately determine the presence of malignancy and the exact cell type.
Addison's disease.
IVU
Biopsy
Cushing's syndrome


47. Hypertension and proteinuria
When the parenchyma of the kidney is replaced by multiple fluid-filled benign cysts.
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease/diabetic nephropathy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease - and diabetic glomerulosclerosis.
Adrenalectomy


48. Seen in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Hypospadias
The surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands.
Renal cell carcinoma


49. Includes increased BUN and creatinine levels.
Testicular torsion
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
When the kidneys are functioning at less than 10% of normal capacity.
End-stage renal disease


50. Diagnosis accomplished with biochemical laboratory teste and radiological examinations.

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