Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side






2. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above






3. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system






4. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction






5. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






6. Threat requires a vector to cross the vulnerability - stop the ability of the threat to use the vector






7. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems






8. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






9. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored






10. 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255 - subnet mask of 255.255.255.0






11. Simple attack done by simply browsing available information that's allowed on a local network.






12. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






13. Considered to be a perimeter device






14. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host






15. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside






16. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer






17. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






18. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






19. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis






20. 8 bytes per packet - UDP SRC port - UDP DST Ports - UDP length - UDP Checksum






21. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time






22. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable

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23. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






24. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping






25. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






26. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






27. 53 bytes - 48 bytes for data - 5 bytes for the header






28. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data






29. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






30. logic bomb - trojan horse - trap door






31. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed






32. Uses flow control to handle network congestion - can send larger amounts of data per packet - has guaranteed delivery of transmitted data - better protection against spoofing - reduces need for error checking at higher OSI layers






33. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






34. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.






35. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection






36. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.






37. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






38. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application






39. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






40. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc






41. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere






42. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






43. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script






44. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit






45. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures






46. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management






47. 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.255.255 - with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0






48. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






49. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry






50. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks