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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
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Subjects
:
certifications
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giac
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it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested
Vulnerabilities
When setting up a virtual circuit
The transport layer
Types of ATM virtual circuits
2. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems
Stateless packet filter
Some common UDP ports
The session layer
The OSI Protocol Stack
3. Confidentiality - integrity - availability
Program infector
The CIA triad
Some malware capabilities
Stateless packet filter
4. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.
Trojan horse
The protected enclave to defense in depth
Rotation?
Race conditions
5. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows
A netcat listener
Some common UDP ports
Stateful firewall
Some firewall challenges
6. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Macro virus
Browsing attack
Nmap scanning techniques
7. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK
Some external threat concerns
Alteration of code
Some Pen Test techniques
3-way handshake
8. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication
Some common UDP ports
A netmask
Multi protocol label switching
TFTP
9. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit
Defense in depth
Checksum in UDP
Social engineering
The presentation layer
10. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has
Some Pen Test techniques
Deep packet inspection
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
IDS
11. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code
Some firewall challenges
The five threat vectors
LAN
IDS signature analysis work
12. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key
Group
What's a VLAN
Arbitrary substitution
Address resolution protocol
13. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall
Smurf attack
Some FTP dangers
Ack Piggybacking
Trap door
14. TCP/IP - the IP protoco - The core routing protocol of the internet - - deals with transmission of packets between end points - defines the addressing scheme for the internet
The conficker worm
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
HIDS monitor
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
15. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination
ACK piggybacking
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
The transport layer
The five threat vectors
16. Connection oriented - before systems can communicate over an ATM network - they must establish a virtual circuit between each other - this can span across multiple ATM switches that also handle communications for other systems - at the end of the con
ATM work
Wardriving
Some external threat concerns
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
17. Message in its encrypted form
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Ciphertext
Router
Remote maintenance
18. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS
Some common UDP ports
Group
Macro virus
Permutation
19. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched
A blind FTP
Multi protocol label switching
Program infector
Defense in depth
20. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process
What range is a class C network?
IDS not
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
Denial of service
21. destruction of data - leaking confidential information - providing backdoor access
When setting up a virtual circuit
Some malware capabilities
Arbitrary substitution
Alteration of code
22. Combines the functionality of a hub and bride into a single device - keeps track of MACs attached to each port
Race conditions
What's a VLAN
Switches
File integrity checking work
23. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535
EXE program infector
File Integrity checking work
Datagram length of a UDP packet
Boot record infector
24. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address
Group
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
Some malware propagation techniques
What's an easy way to test encryption?
25. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
Parasitic malware
ATM work
NIDS challenges
26. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware
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27. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring
SYN flood
The transport layer
Some NIDS topology limitations
The CIA triad
28. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code
Rotation?
Ack Piggybacking
Anomaly analysis work
EXE program infector
29. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.
Honeyd
IDS data normalization
Types of viruses
DDoS attack
30. 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255 - subnet mask of 255.255.255.0
What range is a class C network?
Nmap scanning techniques
Some Pen Test techniques
Logic bomb
31. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Risk
Trojan horse
Permutation
32. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment
Worms
The five threat vectors
NAC
Parasitic malware
33. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.
Risk
When setting up a virtual circuit
The Information Centric defense in depth
Remote maintenance
34. FIN 130 - ACK 131 - FIN 570 - ACK 571
OS Command Injection defenses
Remote maintenance
Rotation?
To close a TCP session
35. packet filter firewalls rely on TCP flags to determine connection state. Attacker can send ACK packets only to bypass firewall.
Trap door
No State Inspection ACK flag set
Some honeypot advantages
Firewall
36. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures
Some other UDP based protocols
The three goals of security
NIDS advantages
To establish a TCP session
37. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.
Some other UDP based protocols
Permutation
Stateless packet filter
Hubs
38. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
The protected enclave to defense in depth
UDP packet headers
39. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping
Some disadvantages of honeypots
Shallow packet inspection
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Nmap scanning techniques
40. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.
Brute force
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
Smurf attack
Integrity of Data
41. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.
Hubs
CIDR
Integrity of Data
The protected enclave to defense in depth
42. Network scanner.
Nmap
The presentation layer
Permutation
Internet
43. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields
A network protocol
3-way handshake
Ack Piggybacking
Deep packet inspection
44. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Log monitoring work?
What range is a class B network?
Some Pen Test techniques
45. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end
Stateless packet filter
SYN flood
SQL Slammer Worm
The transport layer
46. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system
Some external threat concerns
Honeypot
Program infector
Best way to protect wireless networks
47. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters
Vulnerabilities
ATM work
Rotation?
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
48. Identify critical assets and provide layered protection - data is accessed by applications - applications reside on hosts - hosts operate on networks
Stateful firewall
ATM work
The Information Centric defense in depth
Parasitic malware
49. removable media - email attachments - web browsing - social networking - network vulnerabilities - IM applications - p2p
3-way handshake
Some firewall challenges
Some malware propagation techniques
NIDS challenges
50. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.
To close a TCP session
The presentation layer
Firewall
Honeyd
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