Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction






2. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit






3. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.






4. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script






5. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key






6. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable

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7. A TCP version of ping - sends custom TCP packets to a host and listens for replies - enables port scanning and spoofing simultaneously






8. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






9. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






10. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.






11. FIN 130 - ACK 131 - FIN 570 - ACK 571






12. One is for talking - one is for implementing






13. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping






14. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application






15. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.






16. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






17. Threat requires a vector to cross the vulnerability - stop the ability of the threat to use the vector






18. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management






19. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread






20. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer






21. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed






22. low interaction production honeypot - network daemon that can simulate other hosts - each host can appear as a different OS






23. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key






24. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






25. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






26. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems






27. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






28. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






29. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc






30. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP






31. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






32. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0






33. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP






34. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end






35. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






36. Connection oriented - before systems can communicate over an ATM network - they must establish a virtual circuit between each other - this can span across multiple ATM switches that also handle communications for other systems - at the end of the con






37. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side






38. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere






39. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code






40. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






41. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






42. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






43. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






44. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP






45. rules indicate criteria in packets that represent events of interest - rules are applied to packets as they are received - alerts are created when matches are found






46. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






47. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has






48. flags anomalous conditions in traffic on the network - requires understanding on what is normal - bases good traffic as a baseline






49. Network scanner.






50. Used for connecting two physical segments of a network - segments traffic - breaks up collision domains - not generally used because of switches