Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






2. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.






3. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






4. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






5. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP






6. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






7. Uses flow control to handle network congestion - can send larger amounts of data per packet - has guaranteed delivery of transmitted data - better protection against spoofing - reduces need for error checking at higher OSI layers






8. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.






9. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive






10. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP






11. Intrusion detection system - it reports attacks against monitored systems/networks






12. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






13. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware

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14. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.






15. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks






16. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






17. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






18. Simplest form of a research honeypot - useful in identifying nature of TCP scans - allows attacker to complete 3-way handshake - listens on a defined port - logs incoming requests for analysis






19. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.






20. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application






21. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






22. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection






23. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.






24. Handles the network address scheme and connectivity of multiple network segments. It handles communication.






25. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






26. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall






27. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






28. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time






29. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone






30. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






31. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside






32. True positive - false positive - true negative - false negative






33. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






34. Wide Area Network - Larger than MAN or LAN - uses public network - phone lines - and leased lines to tie LAN and MAN over a dispersed area






35. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.






36. logic bomb - trojan horse - trap door






37. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.






38. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc






39. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






40. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows






41. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread






42. local area network - small network confined to small location - all equipment owned by a single entity - vulnerable to inside threats and logic bombs






43. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management






44. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






45. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host






46. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters






47. Good for multimedia - can use small single packets - multicasting is required - speed is the highest priority






48. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system






49. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






50. 8 bytes per packet - UDP SRC port - UDP DST Ports - UDP length - UDP Checksum