Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






2. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code






3. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






4. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






5. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.






6. OSI






7. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP






8. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters






9. A TCP version of ping - sends custom TCP packets to a host and listens for replies - enables port scanning and spoofing simultaneously






10. low interaction production honeypot - network daemon that can simulate other hosts - each host can appear as a different OS






11. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP






12. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread






13. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability






14. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware

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15. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end






16. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






17. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host






18. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






19. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.






20. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.






21. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






22. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






23. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






24. It interacts with the application layer to determine which network services will be required






25. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






26. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






27. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself






28. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction






29. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire






30. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK






31. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector






32. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






33. Network scanner.






34. UDP based infection - infected through vulnerability in SQL server - caused DoS on saturated networks






35. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side






36. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






37. 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.255.255 - with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0






38. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.






39. Migrate to WPA2 - use strong authentication like PEAP or TTLS - audit network installations - require mutual auth between client and infrastructure equipment






40. Unencrypted message in its original form






41. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






42. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc






43. Confidentiality - symmetric encryption






44. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






45. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures






46. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has






47. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall






48. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks






49. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP






50. Worms and Wireless - modems - tunnel anything through HTTP - social engineering