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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. removable media - email attachments - web browsing - social networking - network vulnerabilities - IM applications - p2p
The three goals of security
Some malware propagation techniques
Deep packet inspection
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
2. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.
Some other UDP based protocols
Buffer overflow
Alteration of code
Some types of malicious code
3. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols
Best way to protect wireless networks
Shallow packet inspection
Some malware capabilities
IDS data normalization
4. Most commonly used transport protocol today - ensures reliable packet delivery - has error handling built in
Hubs
Vulnerabilities
MAN
Overview of TCP
5. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS
Bridge
Some common UDP ports
The transport layer
Boot record infector
6. OSI
ACK piggybacking
Port scan
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
the application layer
7. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself
Some honeypot advantages
Worms
Router
Program infector
8. Unified data carrying service - replacing from replay and ATM
Some malware capabilities
Multi protocol label switching
A network protocol
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
9. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc
A network protocol
File Integrity checking work
The physical layer stack
Trap door
10. 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.255.255 - with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0
A netcat listener
Router
What range is a class B network?
Some Pen Test techniques
11. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process
Shallow packet inspection
NIDS advantages
Types of viruses
Denial of service
12. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs
Datagram length of a UDP packet
Integrity of Data
Some Pen Test techniques
The protected enclave to defense in depth
13. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable
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14. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks
The three goals of security
IDS signature analysis work
Social engineering
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
15. Unencrypted message in its original form
Plaintext
What range is a class A network?
Snort
Anomaly analysis work
16. Worms and Wireless - modems - tunnel anything through HTTP - social engineering
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Permutation
No State Inspection ACK flag set
Arbitrary substitution
17. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has
Firewall
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ACK piggybacking
What range is a class C network?
18. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment
TFTP
Some honeypot advantages
A blind FTP
NAC
19. Intrusion detection system - it reports attacks against monitored systems/networks
Risk
Proxy or application gateway
IDS
The conficker worm
20. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK
3-way handshake
Port scan
Program infector
Hping
21. local area network - small network confined to small location - all equipment owned by a single entity - vulnerable to inside threats and logic bombs
Some network design objectives
Stateless packet filter
LAN
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
22. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
Trap door
Macro virus
Some other UDP based protocols
23. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0
LAN
What range is a class A network?
IDS data normalization
DDoS attack
24. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed
A netmask
Some firewall challenges
File integrity checking work
No State Inspection ACK flag set
25. Uniform protection - protected enclaves - information centric - threat vector analysis
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
War Dialing
CIDR
MAN
26. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc
Switches
LAN
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
PAN
27. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.
Some firewall challenges
When setting up a virtual circuit
NAC
PAN
28. Infects MBR - no network spreading potential
The transport layer
Boot record infector
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
Honeyd
29. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
Plaintext
Network stumbler
CIDR
30. Combines the functionality of a hub and bride into a single device - keeps track of MACs attached to each port
Buffer overflow
Switches
What's a VLAN
The difference in stacks
31. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit
The different cable categories
ACK piggybacking
The physical layer stack
Nmap scanning techniques
32. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination
Browsing attack
Some disadvantages of honeypots
Ack Piggybacking
ATM work
33. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input
Checksum in UDP
OS Command Injection defenses
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
HIDS monitor
34. Free linux WLAN analysis tool - completely passive - cannot be detected - supports advanced GPS integration and mapping features - used for wardriving - WLAN vulerability assessment
Address resolution protocol
The TCP/IP model
Denial of service
Kismet
35. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination
Some other UDP based protocols
ACK piggybacking
Some honeypot advantages
Stateless packet filter
36. Connection oriented - before systems can communicate over an ATM network - they must establish a virtual circuit between each other - this can span across multiple ATM switches that also handle communications for other systems - at the end of the con
PAN
Race conditions
To establish a TCP session
ATM work
37. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.
Some Pen Test techniques
Some types of malicious code
Brute force
The CIA triad
38. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above
Proxy or application gateway
Bridge
Browsing attack
Port scan
39. Wide Area Network - Larger than MAN or LAN - uses public network - phone lines - and leased lines to tie LAN and MAN over a dispersed area
Risk
NIDS challenges
ATM work
WAN
40. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom
PAN
Some external threat concerns
Network stumbler
Program infector
41. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host
What range is a class A network?
A blind FTP
The OSI Protocol Stack
A netmask
42. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute
EXE program infector
Defense in depth
Some FTP dangers
COM/Script program infector
43. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system
HIDS monitor
PAN
Honeypot
A netmask
44. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls
Best way to protect wireless networks
Some other UDP based protocols
the application layer
Some firewall challenges
45. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer
File Integrity checking work
Nmap
IDS signature analysis work
The TCP/IP model
46. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired
Worms
Alteration of code
Logic bomb
Integrity of Data
47. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection
Denial of service
the application layer
IDS data normalization
Some firewall benefits
48. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested
OS Command Injection defenses
Vulnerabilities
Router
A network protocol
49. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit
Switches
Social engineering
Checksum in UDP
Bridge
50. Threat requires a vector to cross the vulnerability - stop the ability of the threat to use the vector
The three goals of security
To close a TCP session
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
Trojan horse