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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination
Network stumbler
When setting up a virtual circuit
NIDS advantages
Ack Piggybacking
2. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters
Some common TCP ports
UDP packet headers
Deep packet inspection
Rotation?
3. Handles the network address scheme and connectivity of multiple network segments. It handles communication.
The network layer
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
Trap door
Wardriving
4. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
MAN
Honeyd
Some firewall benefits
5. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment
NAC
The TCP/IP model
Rotation?
Firewall
6. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.
Smurf attack
Plaintext
Datagram length of a UDP packet
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
7. Good for multimedia - can use small single packets - multicasting is required - speed is the highest priority
Internet
Risk
Bridge
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
8. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for
File Integrity checking work
The difference in stacks
To close a TCP session
A blind FTP
9. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems
The session layer
Some common TCP ports
Firewall
The transport layer
10. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector
IDS
Types of viruses
The physical layer stack
A network protocol
11. War dialing - war driving - Sniffing - eavesdropping - dumpster diving - social engineering
The Information Centric defense in depth
Some Pen Test techniques
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Hping
12. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs
Snort
IDS not
The three goals of security
The protected enclave to defense in depth
13. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit
The different cable categories
War Dialing
Proxy or application gateway
Some FTP dangers
14. free windows based wireless scanner for 802.1b - detects access point settings - supports GSP integration - identifies networks as encrypted or unencrypted
Network stumbler
The goals of cryptography
What's an easy way to test encryption?
Vulnerabilities
15. FIN 130 - ACK 131 - FIN 570 - ACK 571
IDS signature analysis work
To close a TCP session
IDS not
Some common TCP ports
16. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.
Kismet
Buffer overflow
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
DDoS attack
17. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched
The Information Centric defense in depth
Macro virus
the application layer
Hping
18. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.
Brute force
Denial of service
Bridge
Permutation
19. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields
The physical layer stack
Deep packet inspection
What's a VLAN
LAN
20. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies
IDS signature analysis work
Defense in depth
Social engineering
Some common TCP ports
21. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself
What's a VLAN
Some other UDP based protocols
Worms
Ciphertext
22. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system
A netmask
Some network design objectives
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
EXE program infector
23. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process
Proxy or application gateway
Buffer overflow
Denial of service
Overview of TCP
24. It interacts with the application layer to determine which network services will be required
Bridge
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
the application layer
The physical layer stack
25. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive
Risk
Arbitrary substitution
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
IDS not
26. Used for connecting two physical segments of a network - segments traffic - breaks up collision domains - not generally used because of switches
Some malware capabilities
IDS signature analysis work
Switches
Bridge
27. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack
Arbitrary substitution
Buffer overflow
Honeypot
To establish a TCP session
28. OSI
Race conditions
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
Trojan horse
The transport layer
29. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread
The goals of cryptography
Parasitic malware
Group
SYN flood
30. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom
The OSI model
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
The OSI Protocol Stack
Some external threat concerns
31. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system
Honeypot
The presentation layer
Parasitic malware
Proxy or application gateway
32. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed
Stateful firewall
File integrity checking work
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
IDS not
33. 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255 - subnet mask of 255.255.255.0
Hubs
Some common TCP ports
What range is a class C network?
Ack Piggybacking
34. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks
Wardriving
WAN
EXE program infector
Race conditions
35. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc
Some common TCP ports
The physical layer stack
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Types of viruses
36. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction
Risk
The goals of cryptography
What's a VLAN
Plaintext
37. Intellectual property - business goals - validated data - historical
File Integrity checking work
The protected enclave to defense in depth
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
38. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
Firewall
Group
39. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.
Group
Alteration of code
Buffer overflow
File Integrity checking work
40. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host
Permutation
A netmask
COM/Script program infector
The four types of events reported by IDS
41. removable media - email attachments - web browsing - social networking - network vulnerabilities - IM applications - p2p
PAN
TFTP
Some malware propagation techniques
SQL Slammer Worm
42. Infects MBR - no network spreading potential
Brute force
Ack Piggybacking
Snort
Boot record infector
43. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key
Arbitrary substitution
Address resolution protocol
The session layer
WAN
44. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.
Hubs
Stateful firewall
Best way to protect wireless networks
Logic bomb
45. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP
Port scan
The TCP/IP model
Internet
Stateful firewall
46. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host
Firewall
Parasitic malware
CIDR
War Dialing
47. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
CIDR
The protected enclave to defense in depth
War Dialing
48. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested
The network layer
IDS
Brute force
Vulnerabilities
49. Known - unknown - zero day
Stateless packet filter
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Kismet
File integrity checking work
50. UDP based infection - infected through vulnerability in SQL server - caused DoS on saturated networks
MAN
Some FTP dangers
SQL Slammer Worm
COM/Script program infector