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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for
Alteration of code
A blind FTP
Ciphertext
Stateful firewall
2. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc
Best way to protect wireless networks
Parasitic malware
The physical layer stack
Ack Piggybacking
3. 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.255.255 - with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0
COM/Script program infector
What range is a class B network?
Trojan horse
IDS
4. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection
Some NIDS topology limitations
Ciphertext
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
Some firewall benefits
5. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time
The OSI Protocol Stack
Some common TCP ports
Trap door
ATM work
6. Identify critical assets and provide layered protection - data is accessed by applications - applications reside on hosts - hosts operate on networks
The protected enclave to defense in depth
The different cable categories
Types of ATM virtual circuits
The Information Centric defense in depth
7. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc
the application layer
What range is a class B network?
Defense in depth
PAN
8. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end
HIDS monitor
The transport layer
Deep packet inspection
The physical layer stack
9. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures
The four types of events reported by IDS
Honeypot
Nmap scanning techniques
NIDS advantages
10. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched
Checksum in UDP
Program infector
A netmask
Vulnerabilities
11. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields
Risk
Race conditions
Deep packet inspection
NIDS challenges
12. Threat requires a vector to cross the vulnerability - stop the ability of the threat to use the vector
Some external threat concerns
Log monitoring work?
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
Ciphertext
13. Network traffic to the host - typically listens on all interface - uses signature analysis to identify events of interest
File integrity checking work
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
ATM work
HIDS monitor
14. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere
Port scan
Remote maintenance
Some disadvantages of honeypots
Shallow packet inspection
15. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector
The session layer
Types of viruses
NIDS advantages
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
16. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.
SQL Slammer Worm
Some Pen Test techniques
DDoS attack
Macro virus
17. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies
No State Inspection ACK flag set
Defense in depth
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
Address resolution protocol
18. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit
Snort
Address resolution protocol
Checksum in UDP
To close a TCP session
19. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer
File Integrity checking work
The five threat vectors
Port scan
The OSI model
20. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable
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21. Migrate to WPA2 - use strong authentication like PEAP or TTLS - audit network installations - require mutual auth between client and infrastructure equipment
Wardriving
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
ACK piggybacking
Best way to protect wireless networks
22. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread
Parasitic malware
Proxy or application gateway
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
File Integrity checking work
23. Message in its encrypted form
The presentation layer
Ciphertext
the application layer
Switches
24. FIN 130 - ACK 131 - FIN 570 - ACK 571
To close a TCP session
Integrity of Data
Permutation
NAC
25. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive
A network protocol
Best way to protect wireless networks
Defense in depth
IDS not
26. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key
Bridge
IDS not
The five threat vectors
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
27. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Address resolution protocol
To close a TCP session
COM/Script program infector
28. Unified data carrying service - replacing from replay and ATM
Honeyd
Internet
Multi protocol label switching
Arbitrary substitution
29. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware
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30. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key
EXE program infector
Types of viruses
Arbitrary substitution
The OSI model
31. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system
Honeypot
Permutation
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
Remote maintenance
32. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce
The goals of cryptography
What primary threats should be protected against
SYN flood
Some honeypot advantages
33. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters
Rotation?
Honeyd
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
What range is a class C network?
34. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.
Rootkit
The difference in stacks
IDS signature analysis work
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
35. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.
Some disadvantages of honeypots
The OSI Protocol Stack
Logic bomb
Race conditions
36. True positive - false positive - true negative - false negative
The four types of events reported by IDS
IDS not
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
Firewall
37. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire
The three goals of security
File Integrity checking work
IDS not
Some Pen Test techniques
38. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application
The OSI Protocol Stack
File Integrity checking work
Defense in depth
The five threat vectors
39. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
COM/Script program infector
Some types of malicious code
Stateless packet filter
40. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination
Macro virus
Ack Piggybacking
Multi protocol label switching
IDS signature analysis work
41. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry
Integrity of Data
HIDS monitor
UDP packet headers
DDoS attack
42. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution
Denial of service
Permutation
IDS signature analysis work
File Integrity checking work
43. Used for connecting two physical segments of a network - segments traffic - breaks up collision domains - not generally used because of switches
Bridge
Trap door
Hping
Switches
44. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP
Port scan
LAN
Trap door
Network stumbler
45. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code
EXE program infector
Firewall
A netcat listener
File Integrity checking work
46. 53 bytes - 48 bytes for data - 5 bytes for the header
Switches
Log monitoring work?
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
47. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input
Alteration of code
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
IDS not
OS Command Injection defenses
48. Uniform protection - protected enclaves - information centric - threat vector analysis
Some other UDP based protocols
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
Firewall
Best way to protect wireless networks
49. Most commonly used transport protocol today - ensures reliable packet delivery - has error handling built in
Hping
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
MAN
Overview of TCP
50. UDP based infection - infected through vulnerability in SQL server - caused DoS on saturated networks
the application layer
Some malware propagation techniques
SQL Slammer Worm
Browsing attack