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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code
OS Command Injection defenses
Social engineering
The five threat vectors
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
2. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks
EXE program infector
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
Stateless packet filter
LAN
3. War dialing - war driving - Sniffing - eavesdropping - dumpster diving - social engineering
A network protocol
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
Some Pen Test techniques
ACK piggybacking
4. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code
Some firewall challenges
EXE program infector
Overview of TCP
Hping
5. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.
NIDS advantages
The Information Centric defense in depth
The four types of events reported by IDS
Buffer overflow
6. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side
Some common TCP ports
The presentation layer
Rotation?
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
7. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters
Some network design objectives
Group
Anomaly analysis work
Rotation?
8. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication
Macro virus
NAC
Some malware propagation techniques
TFTP
9. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures
Firewall
A netmask
NIDS advantages
To close a TCP session
10. Connects the physical part of the network (cables) with the abstract (packets and datastreams)
The OSI Protocol Stack
Types of ATM virtual circuits
The data link layer
Hping
11. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire
File Integrity checking work
Anomaly analysis work
Denial of service
Firewall
12. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer
The OSI model
Trojan horse
Hubs
Kismet
13. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit
NAC
The different cable categories
Some NIDS topology limitations
Hping
14. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired
Buffer overflow
Logic bomb
What's an easy way to test encryption?
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
15. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute
COM/Script program infector
Switches
Plaintext
Remote maintenance
16. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
To establish a TCP session
Group
Nmap scanning techniques
17. Confidentiality - integrity - availability
Some external threat concerns
The OSI model
The three goals of security
Wardriving
18. True positive - false positive - true negative - false negative
Ack Piggybacking
Brute force
The four types of events reported by IDS
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
19. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.
IDS not
Race conditions
What range is a class A network?
What range is a class B network?
20. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules
Vulnerabilities
TFTP
Snort
To establish a TCP session
21. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.
TFTP
Plaintext
DDoS attack
Rotation?
22. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host
Log monitoring work?
A netmask
Datagram length of a UDP packet
The goals of cryptography
23. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application
Social engineering
The five threat vectors
The OSI Protocol Stack
File integrity checking work
24. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability
Some disadvantages of honeypots
A blind FTP
Group
Honeyd
25. Trying to ID modems in a telephone exchange that may be susceptible to compromise
Race conditions
Remote maintenance
War Dialing
The transport layer
26. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies
Checksum in UDP
Defense in depth
Hping
What range is a class B network?
27. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
Nmap
Buffer overflow
28. rules indicate criteria in packets that represent events of interest - rules are applied to packets as they are received - alerts are created when matches are found
The different cable categories
IDS signature analysis work
To close a TCP session
The goals of cryptography
29. destruction of data - leaking confidential information - providing backdoor access
Deep packet inspection
Some malware capabilities
Denial of service
Anomaly analysis work
30. Good for multimedia - can use small single packets - multicasting is required - speed is the highest priority
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Datagram length of a UDP packet
Permutation
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
31. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system
the application layer
File integrity checking work
Some network design objectives
Multi protocol label switching
32. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom
Some external threat concerns
Browsing attack
Worms
WAN
33. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.
To close a TCP session
Hubs
Trojan horse
The difference in stacks
34. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment
The CIA triad
NAC
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
What primary threats should be protected against
35. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping
PAN
Social engineering
Nmap scanning techniques
TFTP
36. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
The data link layer
Integrity of Data
37. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic
WAN
What primary threats should be protected against
Rootkit
COM/Script program infector
38. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP
Brute force
Port scan
The session layer
Some malware propagation techniques
39. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability
The protected enclave to defense in depth
Stateless packet filter
Bus Topology
Some external threat concerns
40. TCP/IP - the IP protoco - The core routing protocol of the internet - - deals with transmission of packets between end points - defines the addressing scheme for the internet
Internet
Ciphertext
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
Trojan horse
41. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS
UDP packet headers
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
Remote maintenance
Some common TCP ports
42. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.
IDS not
When setting up a virtual circuit
Smurf attack
The presentation layer
43. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack
To establish a TCP session
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
Some external threat concerns
The different cable categories
44. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored
To establish a TCP session
Log monitoring work?
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
45. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key
IDS data normalization
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
Some malware propagation techniques
MAN
46. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls
Some firewall challenges
Some malware propagation techniques
The different cable categories
Race conditions
47. Handles the network address scheme and connectivity of multiple network segments. It handles communication.
The network layer
File integrity checking work
No State Inspection ACK flag set
Hubs
48. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script
File Integrity checking work
NIDS advantages
The conficker worm
TFTP
49. Network traffic to the host - typically listens on all interface - uses signature analysis to identify events of interest
HIDS monitor
Plaintext
IDS not
Types of viruses
50. Connection oriented - before systems can communicate over an ATM network - they must establish a virtual circuit between each other - this can span across multiple ATM switches that also handle communications for other systems - at the end of the con
Logic bomb
ATM work
A blind FTP
Integrity of Data