Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters






2. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution






3. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall






4. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping






5. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.






6. Considered to be a perimeter device






7. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code






8. Infects MBR - no network spreading potential






9. Known - unknown - zero day






10. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






11. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire






12. OSI






13. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0






14. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






15. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






16. flags anomalous conditions in traffic on the network - requires understanding on what is normal - bases good traffic as a baseline






17. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.






18. Uses flow control to handle network congestion - can send larger amounts of data per packet - has guaranteed delivery of transmitted data - better protection against spoofing - reduces need for error checking at higher OSI layers






19. Most commonly used transport protocol today - ensures reliable packet delivery - has error handling built in






20. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






21. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application






22. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






23. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable

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24. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






25. packet filter firewalls rely on TCP flags to determine connection state. Attacker can send ACK packets only to bypass firewall.






26. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






27. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






28. FIN 130 - ACK 131 - FIN 570 - ACK 571






29. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer






30. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data






31. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection






32. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP






33. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






34. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis






35. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above






36. Worms and Wireless - modems - tunnel anything through HTTP - social engineering






37. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack






38. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.






39. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector






40. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit






41. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies






42. Simple attack done by simply browsing available information that's allowed on a local network.






43. Network traffic to the host - typically listens on all interface - uses signature analysis to identify events of interest






44. rules indicate criteria in packets that represent events of interest - rules are applied to packets as they are received - alerts are created when matches are found






45. removable media - email attachments - web browsing - social networking - network vulnerabilities - IM applications - p2p






46. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end






47. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






48. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested






49. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.






50. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute