Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






2. 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255 - subnet mask of 255.255.255.0






3. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks






4. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection






5. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack






6. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry






7. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.






8. Uniform protection - protected enclaves - information centric - threat vector analysis






9. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies






10. Considered to be a perimeter device






11. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data






12. removable media - email attachments - web browsing - social networking - network vulnerabilities - IM applications - p2p






13. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






14. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP






15. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time






16. Network scanner.






17. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






18. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer






19. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






20. Infects MBR - no network spreading potential






21. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






22. destruction of data - leaking confidential information - providing backdoor access






23. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535






24. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability






25. True positive - false positive - true negative - false negative






26. Known - unknown - zero day






27. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread






28. Connection oriented - before systems can communicate over an ATM network - they must establish a virtual circuit between each other - this can span across multiple ATM switches that also handle communications for other systems - at the end of the con






29. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc






30. OSI






31. Simplest form of a research honeypot - useful in identifying nature of TCP scans - allows attacker to complete 3-way handshake - listens on a defined port - logs incoming requests for analysis






32. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






33. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer






34. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.






35. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution






36. TCP/IP - the IP protoco - The core routing protocol of the internet - - deals with transmission of packets between end points - defines the addressing scheme for the internet






37. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability






38. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction






39. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






40. Unified data carrying service - replacing from replay and ATM






41. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.






42. Connects the physical part of the network (cables) with the abstract (packets and datastreams)






43. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






44. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






45. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls






46. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP






47. UDP based infection - infected through vulnerability in SQL server - caused DoS on saturated networks






48. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






49. packet filter firewalls rely on TCP flags to determine connection state. Attacker can send ACK packets only to bypass firewall.






50. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code