Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested






2. 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255 - subnet mask of 255.255.255.0






3. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK






4. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction






5. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






6. Network scanner.






7. 8 bytes per packet - UDP SRC port - UDP DST Ports - UDP length - UDP Checksum






8. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






9. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system






10. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






11. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc






12. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies






13. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






14. Intellectual property - business goals - validated data - historical






15. Intrusion detection system - it reports attacks against monitored systems/networks






16. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.






17. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






18. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






19. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping






20. Most commonly used transport protocol today - ensures reliable packet delivery - has error handling built in






21. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks






22. Combines the functionality of a hub and bride into a single device - keeps track of MACs attached to each port






23. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.






24. 53 bytes - 48 bytes for data - 5 bytes for the header






25. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP






26. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management






27. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows






28. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time






29. Message in its encrypted form






30. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






31. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






32. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






33. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.






34. Network traffic to the host - typically listens on all interface - uses signature analysis to identify events of interest






35. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.






36. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






37. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit






38. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






39. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability






40. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data






41. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone






42. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






43. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks






44. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution






45. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware

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46. Trying to ID modems in a telephone exchange that may be susceptible to compromise






47. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit






48. Worms and Wireless - modems - tunnel anything through HTTP - social engineering






49. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side






50. Considered to be a perimeter device