Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive






2. TCP/IP - the IP protoco - The core routing protocol of the internet - - deals with transmission of packets between end points - defines the addressing scheme for the internet






3. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key






4. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






5. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






6. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP






7. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






8. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






9. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK






10. 8 bytes per packet - UDP SRC port - UDP DST Ports - UDP length - UDP Checksum






11. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






12. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






13. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability






14. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






15. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone






16. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






17. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems






18. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed






19. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time






20. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side






21. Good for multimedia - can use small single packets - multicasting is required - speed is the highest priority






22. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.






23. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end






24. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above






25. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






26. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






27. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.






28. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere






29. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






30. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.






31. OSI






32. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0






33. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows






34. Uses flow control to handle network congestion - can send larger amounts of data per packet - has guaranteed delivery of transmitted data - better protection against spoofing - reduces need for error checking at higher OSI layers






35. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire






36. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit






37. low interaction production honeypot - network daemon that can simulate other hosts - each host can appear as a different OS






38. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.






39. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host






40. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






41. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication






42. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection






43. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script






44. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






45. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS






46. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable

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47. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535






48. Network scanner.






49. Known - unknown - zero day






50. It interacts with the application layer to determine which network services will be required