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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP
Risk
Trap door
the application layer
Some other UDP based protocols
2. Unified data carrying service - replacing from replay and ATM
Multi protocol label switching
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Defense in depth
3-way handshake
3. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired
Firewall
Logic bomb
3-way handshake
Stateless packet filter
4. Simple attack done by simply browsing available information that's allowed on a local network.
Kismet
Switches
WAN
Browsing attack
5. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability
Browsing attack
File integrity checking work
Bus Topology
Some firewall challenges
6. Uses flow control to handle network congestion - can send larger amounts of data per packet - has guaranteed delivery of transmitted data - better protection against spoofing - reduces need for error checking at higher OSI layers
Boot record infector
Brute force
Arbitrary substitution
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
7. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested
A netmask
Vulnerabilities
What range is a class B network?
What primary threats should be protected against
8. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows
HIDS monitor
Stateful firewall
Alteration of code
Proxy or application gateway
9. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems
SYN flood
The session layer
What range is a class C network?
Trap door
10. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis
Plaintext
TFTP
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
Types of ATM virtual circuits
11. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies
Some common UDP ports
Buffer overflow
Defense in depth
Arbitrary substitution
12. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP
NIDS challenges
Race conditions
Port scan
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
13. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
The difference in stacks
Bridge
The OSI Protocol Stack
14. TCP/IP - the IP protoco - The core routing protocol of the internet - - deals with transmission of packets between end points - defines the addressing scheme for the internet
Firewall
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
Some Pen Test techniques
Some NIDS topology limitations
15. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures
SYN flood
NIDS advantages
IDS
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
16. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.
Some FTP dangers
Stateless packet filter
Anomaly analysis work
ATM work
17. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process
Brute force
The CIA triad
To close a TCP session
Denial of service
18. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction
Program infector
Risk
Worms
WAN
19. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input
Router
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
OS Command Injection defenses
Stateful firewall
20. Unencrypted message in its original form
Stateless packet filter
Some honeypot advantages
The five threat vectors
Plaintext
21. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management
A netcat listener
Some network design objectives
Proxy or application gateway
NIDS challenges
22. Used for connecting two physical segments of a network - segments traffic - breaks up collision domains - not generally used because of switches
Bridge
Best way to protect wireless networks
Trojan horse
A blind FTP
23. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.
What range is a class C network?
Firewall
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
3-way handshake
24. UDP based infection - infected through vulnerability in SQL server - caused DoS on saturated networks
The data link layer
File integrity checking work
SQL Slammer Worm
Some FTP dangers
25. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive
IDS not
What range is a class A network?
Best way to protect wireless networks
Shallow packet inspection
26. Worms and Wireless - modems - tunnel anything through HTTP - social engineering
Deep packet inspection
What range is a class A network?
Honeyd
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
27. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.
The three goals of security
A netmask
IDS
When setting up a virtual circuit
28. Known - unknown - zero day
Some malware propagation techniques
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Group
A network protocol
29. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce
Some malware propagation techniques
SYN flood
A netmask
SQL Slammer Worm
30. Infects MBR - no network spreading potential
Risk
Some firewall challenges
What primary threats should be protected against
Boot record infector
31. logic bomb - trojan horse - trap door
Some types of malicious code
Some common TCP ports
Some firewall benefits
Some network design objectives
32. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system
NIDS advantages
Some common TCP ports
Honeypot
SYN flood
33. rules indicate criteria in packets that represent events of interest - rules are applied to packets as they are received - alerts are created when matches are found
Rootkit
IDS signature analysis work
Denial of service
CIDR
34. Good for multimedia - can use small single packets - multicasting is required - speed is the highest priority
Honeyd
Address resolution protocol
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
Some NIDS topology limitations
35. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
Checksum in UDP
Wardriving
Buffer overflow
36. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry
Some common UDP ports
Rotation?
Boot record infector
Integrity of Data
37. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK
Nmap scanning techniques
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
3-way handshake
OS Command Injection defenses
38. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for
The OSI Protocol Stack
Honeyd
A blind FTP
When setting up a virtual circuit
39. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script
Stateful firewall
The presentation layer
The conficker worm
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
40. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute
COM/Script program infector
The transport layer
IDS data normalization
A netmask
41. Identify critical assets and provide layered protection - data is accessed by applications - applications reside on hosts - hosts operate on networks
Ciphertext
A blind FTP
Denial of service
The Information Centric defense in depth
42. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters
The difference in stacks
Program infector
Smurf attack
Rotation?
43. Message in its encrypted form
IDS not
Ciphertext
The transport layer
Trap door
44. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network
ACK piggybacking
A network protocol
Rootkit
The OSI Protocol Stack
45. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring
Multi protocol label switching
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
Nmap
Some NIDS topology limitations
46. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.
Some other UDP based protocols
Hubs
NIDS advantages
Some honeypot advantages
47. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key
Arbitrary substitution
Smurf attack
A netmask
Group
48. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
No State Inspection ACK flag set
Types of viruses
Plaintext
49. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs
The protected enclave to defense in depth
The three goals of security
The difference in stacks
EXE program infector
50. Intellectual property - business goals - validated data - historical
Program infector
NIDS challenges
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
IDS signature analysis work