Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures






2. Free linux WLAN analysis tool - completely passive - cannot be detected - supports advanced GPS integration and mapping features - used for wardriving - WLAN vulerability assessment






3. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






4. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






5. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself






6. removable media - email attachments - web browsing - social networking - network vulnerabilities - IM applications - p2p






7. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






8. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP






9. OSI






10. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






11. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields






12. One is for talking - one is for implementing






13. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






14. Threat requires a vector to cross the vulnerability - stop the ability of the threat to use the vector






15. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application






16. packet filter firewalls rely on TCP flags to determine connection state. Attacker can send ACK packets only to bypass firewall.






17. 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.255.255 - with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0






18. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






19. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






20. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc






21. Known - unknown - zero day






22. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above






23. Uniform protection - protected enclaves - information centric - threat vector analysis






24. UDP based infection - infected through vulnerability in SQL server - caused DoS on saturated networks






25. Wide Area Network - Larger than MAN or LAN - uses public network - phone lines - and leased lines to tie LAN and MAN over a dispersed area






26. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored






27. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






28. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.






29. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks






30. local area network - small network confined to small location - all equipment owned by a single entity - vulnerable to inside threats and logic bombs






31. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






32. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone






33. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP






34. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection






35. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






36. Network scanner.






37. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.






38. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system






39. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis






40. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






41. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






42. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested






43. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input






44. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed






45. Message in its encrypted form






46. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.






47. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code






48. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end






49. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key






50. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address