Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware

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2. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code






3. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.






4. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system






5. Known - unknown - zero day






6. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






7. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere






8. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






9. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






10. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls






11. FIN 130 - ACK 131 - FIN 570 - ACK 571






12. Trying to ID modems in a telephone exchange that may be susceptible to compromise






13. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






14. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack






15. Message in its encrypted form






16. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key






17. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself






18. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable

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19. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






20. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input






21. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above






22. One is for talking - one is for implementing






23. Considered to be a perimeter device






24. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire






25. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key






26. Network traffic to the host - typically listens on all interface - uses signature analysis to identify events of interest






27. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside






28. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK






29. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0






30. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






31. Unencrypted message in its original form






32. Connects the physical part of the network (cables) with the abstract (packets and datastreams)






33. packet filter firewalls rely on TCP flags to determine connection state. Attacker can send ACK packets only to bypass firewall.






34. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP






35. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






36. logic bomb - trojan horse - trap door






37. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry






38. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS






39. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application






40. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






41. OSI






42. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






43. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive






44. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






45. Simplest form of a research honeypot - useful in identifying nature of TCP scans - allows attacker to complete 3-way handshake - listens on a defined port - logs incoming requests for analysis






46. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks






47. A TCP version of ping - sends custom TCP packets to a host and listens for replies - enables port scanning and spoofing simultaneously






48. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






49. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






50. Confidentiality - symmetric encryption