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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks
Macro virus
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
Alteration of code
Social engineering
2. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere
Switches
A network protocol
Vulnerabilities
Remote maintenance
3. Uniform protection - protected enclaves - information centric - threat vector analysis
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
Logic bomb
PAN
DDoS attack
4. Unencrypted message in its original form
WAN
IDS not
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
Plaintext
5. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules
Macro virus
Snort
Some common UDP ports
What range is a class C network?
6. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
ACK piggybacking
Some honeypot advantages
Some NIDS topology limitations
7. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code
EXE program infector
What range is a class A network?
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
3-way handshake
8. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Some other UDP based protocols
Some malware propagation techniques
War Dialing
9. Known - unknown - zero day
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
Social engineering
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Some Pen Test techniques
10. Network scanner.
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
Vulnerabilities
Nmap
No State Inspection ACK flag set
11. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
The TCP/IP model
Arbitrary substitution
NIDS challenges
12. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application
Some firewall benefits
The physical layer stack
The OSI Protocol Stack
The protected enclave to defense in depth
13. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.
The different cable categories
Program infector
Stateless packet filter
What range is a class C network?
14. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable
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15. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
HIDS monitor
NIDS advantages
Nmap scanning techniques
16. Good for multimedia - can use small single packets - multicasting is required - speed is the highest priority
To establish a TCP session
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
17. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
Proxy or application gateway
The session layer
Social engineering
18. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive
Nmap
LAN
IDS not
Defense in depth
19. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host
NAC
Kismet
IDS signature analysis work
A netmask
20. Threat requires a vector to cross the vulnerability - stop the ability of the threat to use the vector
Macro virus
The presentation layer
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
Hubs
21. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested
Vulnerabilities
Firewall
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
Types of ATM virtual circuits
22. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination
Some FTP dangers
Ack Piggybacking
To establish a TCP session
Switches
23. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired
Logic bomb
Alteration of code
Log monitoring work?
The OSI Protocol Stack
24. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection
Some firewall benefits
Some malware capabilities
Brute force
Social engineering
25. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution
What primary threats should be protected against
Permutation
A netmask
Some firewall benefits
26. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping
Nmap scanning techniques
To establish a TCP session
COM/Script program infector
IDS data normalization
27. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication
NIDS advantages
TFTP
Some network design objectives
Some malware propagation techniques
28. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process
Denial of service
File integrity checking work
The transport layer
Kismet
29. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end
When setting up a virtual circuit
The transport layer
Boot record infector
The physical layer stack
30. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.
Group
Checksum in UDP
Internet
The protected enclave to defense in depth
31. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows
NIDS advantages
A netcat listener
Stateful firewall
Hubs
32. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability
Bus Topology
HIDS monitor
What's an easy way to test encryption?
What's a VLAN
33. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS
Some common UDP ports
Stateful firewall
Program infector
HIDS monitor
34. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack
The CIA triad
To establish a TCP session
The physical layer stack
SQL Slammer Worm
35. Message in its encrypted form
LAN
Logic bomb
Ciphertext
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
36. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread
The OSI Protocol Stack
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
Parasitic malware
Some common TCP ports
37. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK
The data link layer
Program infector
Brute force
3-way handshake
38. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire
The CIA triad
Ack Piggybacking
File Integrity checking work
Vulnerabilities
39. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.
Parasitic malware
The Information Centric defense in depth
Some Pen Test techniques
Trojan horse
40. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks
Some network design objectives
Wardriving
To establish a TCP session
Race conditions
41. Intellectual property - business goals - validated data - historical
The network layer
War Dialing
PAN
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
42. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network
Some malware capabilities
Plaintext
A network protocol
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
43. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools
WAN
Some honeypot advantages
A network protocol
Brute force
44. UDP based infection - infected through vulnerability in SQL server - caused DoS on saturated networks
Rootkit
What range is a class B network?
Best way to protect wireless networks
SQL Slammer Worm
45. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer
The OSI model
Some FTP dangers
Boot record infector
Some Pen Test techniques
46. low interaction production honeypot - network daemon that can simulate other hosts - each host can appear as a different OS
Honeyd
Brute force
Router
Port scan
47. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data
Shallow packet inspection
Buffer overflow
Log monitoring work?
ACK piggybacking
48. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0
Bus Topology
Proxy or application gateway
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
What range is a class A network?
49. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
Arbitrary substitution
File Integrity checking work
Hubs
50. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored
Log monitoring work?
Port scan
SQL Slammer Worm
The Information Centric defense in depth