Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication






2. destruction of data - leaking confidential information - providing backdoor access






3. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone






4. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data






5. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






6. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






7. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer






8. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc






9. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






10. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack






11. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability






12. packet filter firewalls rely on TCP flags to determine connection state. Attacker can send ACK packets only to bypass firewall.






13. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






14. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






15. flags anomalous conditions in traffic on the network - requires understanding on what is normal - bases good traffic as a baseline






16. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire






17. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.






18. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






19. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






20. Infects MBR - no network spreading potential






21. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key






22. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






23. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






24. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






25. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.






26. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has






27. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






28. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






29. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection






30. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested






31. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






32. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input






33. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution






34. Message in its encrypted form






35. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment






36. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






37. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP






38. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability






39. 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255 - subnet mask of 255.255.255.0






40. Known - unknown - zero day






41. Connection oriented - before systems can communicate over an ATM network - they must establish a virtual circuit between each other - this can span across multiple ATM switches that also handle communications for other systems - at the end of the con






42. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0






43. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






44. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






45. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP






46. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535






47. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side






48. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable


49. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script






50. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction