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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
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Subjects
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giac
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it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination
Ack Piggybacking
Denial of service
Remote maintenance
Macro virus
2. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored
The network layer
Log monitoring work?
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
Social engineering
3. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.
Social engineering
Smurf attack
DDoS attack
Shallow packet inspection
4. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls
Some firewall challenges
Router
TFTP
The difference in stacks
5. FIN 130 - ACK 131 - FIN 570 - ACK 571
To close a TCP session
Shallow packet inspection
Snort
Plaintext
6. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.
Best way to protect wireless networks
When setting up a virtual circuit
The presentation layer
IDS signature analysis work
7. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable
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8. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit
Race conditions
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
Internet
The different cable categories
9. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic
What range is a class B network?
What primary threats should be protected against
Honeyd
The different cable categories
10. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS
Hping
Some common UDP ports
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
Macro virus
11. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc
EXE program infector
PAN
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
Shallow packet inspection
12. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks
Parasitic malware
NAC
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
What's an easy way to test encryption?
13. Combines the functionality of a hub and bride into a single device - keeps track of MACs attached to each port
Switches
What's an easy way to test encryption?
DDoS attack
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
14. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS
the application layer
UDP packet headers
Network stumbler
Some common TCP ports
15. destruction of data - leaking confidential information - providing backdoor access
Some malware capabilities
Trap door
Datagram length of a UDP packet
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
16. Confidentiality - symmetric encryption
A network protocol
Alteration of code
The goals of cryptography
the application layer
17. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process
Denial of service
IDS data normalization
The OSI Protocol Stack
The protected enclave to defense in depth
18. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute
Some malware propagation techniques
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
Parasitic malware
COM/Script program infector
19. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code
Some external threat concerns
The three goals of security
Types of viruses
The five threat vectors
20. Known - unknown - zero day
The session layer
Program infector
Some common TCP ports
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
21. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data
Shallow packet inspection
NAC
PAN
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
22. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive
Boot record infector
IDS not
HIDS monitor
What primary threats should be protected against
23. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed
Router
File integrity checking work
Denial of service
Multi protocol label switching
24. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.
Ack Piggybacking
The physical layer stack
Firewall
The different cable categories
25. OSI
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
Deep packet inspection
Stateful firewall
Checksum in UDP
26. Migrate to WPA2 - use strong authentication like PEAP or TTLS - audit network installations - require mutual auth between client and infrastructure equipment
Some Pen Test techniques
Best way to protect wireless networks
the application layer
ATM work
27. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector
Types of viruses
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Smurf attack
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
28. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc
What's a VLAN
Firewall
Checksum in UDP
The physical layer stack
29. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application
The OSI Protocol Stack
NIDS advantages
The four types of events reported by IDS
DDoS attack
30. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone
Proxy or application gateway
The goals of cryptography
MAN
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
31. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.
The protected enclave to defense in depth
MAN
When setting up a virtual circuit
Hubs
32. Network scanner.
War Dialing
Hping
Some malware capabilities
Nmap
33. rules indicate criteria in packets that represent events of interest - rules are applied to packets as they are received - alerts are created when matches are found
IDS signature analysis work
IDS
ACK piggybacking
What range is a class C network?
34. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside
Some NIDS topology limitations
Smurf attack
Social engineering
The goals of cryptography
35. Handles the network address scheme and connectivity of multiple network segments. It handles communication.
The network layer
Internet
When setting up a virtual circuit
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
36. Uniform protection - protected enclaves - information centric - threat vector analysis
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
PAN
Ack Piggybacking
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
37. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection
The physical layer stack
Some firewall benefits
Network stumbler
A network protocol
38. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end
Proxy or application gateway
Internet
The transport layer
Risk
39. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring
WAN
The CIA triad
Shallow packet inspection
Some NIDS topology limitations
40. Confidentiality - integrity - availability
A blind FTP
The three goals of security
The presentation layer
NAC
41. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce
SYN flood
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
The network layer
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
42. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code
EXE program infector
The different cable categories
The physical layer stack
What range is a class B network?
43. 53 bytes - 48 bytes for data - 5 bytes for the header
Anomaly analysis work
IDS signature analysis work
The four types of events reported by IDS
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
44. War dialing - war driving - Sniffing - eavesdropping - dumpster diving - social engineering
Remote maintenance
The CIA triad
IDS
Some Pen Test techniques
45. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK
Permutation
Boot record infector
3-way handshake
Router
46. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched
Integrity of Data
To establish a TCP session
Nmap
Macro virus
47. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit
Trap door
Remote maintenance
Checksum in UDP
The network layer
48. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side
Race conditions
Stateless packet filter
War Dialing
The presentation layer
49. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware
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50. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread
Parasitic malware
Nmap scanning techniques
Social engineering
IDS
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