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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows
The five threat vectors
Some malware propagation techniques
Stateful firewall
Some NIDS topology limitations
2. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies
The conficker worm
What range is a class C network?
the application layer
Defense in depth
3. Used for connecting two physical segments of a network - segments traffic - breaks up collision domains - not generally used because of switches
Bridge
Some Pen Test techniques
Denial of service
The transport layer
4. Wide Area Network - Larger than MAN or LAN - uses public network - phone lines - and leased lines to tie LAN and MAN over a dispersed area
WAN
NIDS challenges
To close a TCP session
What primary threats should be protected against
5. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time
Race conditions
Trap door
What's a VLAN
Risk
6. Trying to ID modems in a telephone exchange that may be susceptible to compromise
Permutation
Multi protocol label switching
The network layer
War Dialing
7. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute
Macro virus
COM/Script program infector
The data link layer
Integrity of Data
8. Identify critical assets and provide layered protection - data is accessed by applications - applications reside on hosts - hosts operate on networks
Network stumbler
Some NIDS topology limitations
SYN flood
The Information Centric defense in depth
9. Uniform protection - protected enclaves - information centric - threat vector analysis
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Nmap scanning techniques
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
Hping
10. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination
IDS data normalization
Internet
Ack Piggybacking
Brute force
11. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input
To close a TCP session
OS Command Injection defenses
Bus Topology
The difference in stacks
12. Intellectual property - business goals - validated data - historical
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
Some firewall benefits
What range is a class A network?
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
13. TCP/IP - the IP protoco - The core routing protocol of the internet - - deals with transmission of packets between end points - defines the addressing scheme for the internet
NIDS challenges
ACK piggybacking
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
Vulnerabilities
14. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0
Some firewall challenges
What range is a class A network?
Nmap
The OSI Protocol Stack
15. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host
Some firewall challenges
Remote maintenance
What's a VLAN
A netmask
16. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.
The OSI model
The four types of events reported by IDS
Smurf attack
Stateless packet filter
17. 8 bytes per packet - UDP SRC port - UDP DST Ports - UDP length - UDP Checksum
Trojan horse
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
Multi protocol label switching
UDP packet headers
18. Migrate to WPA2 - use strong authentication like PEAP or TTLS - audit network installations - require mutual auth between client and infrastructure equipment
The goals of cryptography
Best way to protect wireless networks
3-way handshake
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
19. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code
Hping
Router
The five threat vectors
WAN
20. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules
Snort
A netmask
Switches
Risk
21. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.
Nmap scanning techniques
The threat vector analysis in defense in depth
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
Race conditions
22. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields
Checksum in UDP
Deep packet inspection
To establish a TCP session
When setting up a virtual circuit
23. Network scanner.
Social engineering
SQL Slammer Worm
Nmap
Vulnerabilities
24. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key
The presentation layer
What primary threats should be protected against
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
What's an easy way to test encryption?
25. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP
WAN
Some malware capabilities
Program infector
Some other UDP based protocols
26. Network traffic to the host - typically listens on all interface - uses signature analysis to identify events of interest
Vulnerabilities
The four types of events reported by IDS
The physical layer stack
HIDS monitor
27. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.
War Dialing
SYN flood
Firewall
Stateful firewall
28. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection
IDS
Some firewall benefits
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
Buffer overflow
29. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script
Worms
Log monitoring work?
Best way to protect wireless networks
The conficker worm
30. It interacts with the application layer to determine which network services will be required
The conficker worm
File integrity checking work
What primary threats should be protected against
the application layer
31. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.
The physical layer stack
Anomaly analysis work
Some firewall benefits
Rootkit
32. Confidentiality - symmetric encryption
The goals of cryptography
Smurf attack
Checksum in UDP
OS Command Injection defenses
33. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters
The five threat vectors
Rotation?
Ciphertext
Bus Topology
34. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability
Address resolution protocol
Some disadvantages of honeypots
No State Inspection ACK flag set
The OSI model
35. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures
3-way handshake
NIDS advantages
Deep packet inspection
Ciphertext
36. Most commonly used transport protocol today - ensures reliable packet delivery - has error handling built in
The OSI Protocol Stack
Overview of TCP
The TCP/IP model
Group
37. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network
A network protocol
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
Proxy or application gateway
38. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools
Some firewall benefits
The five threat vectors
What range is a class A network?
Some honeypot advantages
39. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself
Worms
NIDS advantages
What range is a class B network?
Best way to protect wireless networks
40. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP
Shallow packet inspection
The protected enclave to defense in depth
Port scan
Denial of service
41. Known - unknown - zero day
Boot record infector
Best way to protect wireless networks
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Overview of TCP
42. Infects MBR - no network spreading potential
Bus Topology
Arbitrary substitution
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Boot record infector
43. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive
Worms
The OSI model
IDS not
LAN
44. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed
What's a VLAN
TFTP
The session layer
File integrity checking work
45. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks
NAC
Types of viruses
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
46. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested
Vulnerabilities
HIDS monitor
File integrity checking work
The four types of events reported by IDS
47. Connects the physical part of the network (cables) with the abstract (packets and datastreams)
The Information Centric defense in depth
What range is a class A network?
The data link layer
Parasitic malware
48. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis
Network stumbler
Router
CIDR
Types of ATM virtual circuits
49. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall
Parasitic malware
Some FTP dangers
COM/Script program infector
OS Command Injection defenses
50. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has
The conficker worm
The different cable categories
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ACK piggybacking