Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.






2. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535






3. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields






4. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.






5. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






6. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application






7. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0






8. Unified data carrying service - replacing from replay and ATM






9. Unencrypted message in its original form






10. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






11. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication






12. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies






13. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.






14. Message in its encrypted form






15. Most commonly used transport protocol today - ensures reliable packet delivery - has error handling built in






16. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






17. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






18. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






19. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code






20. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.






21. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored






22. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures






23. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows






24. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone






25. flags anomalous conditions in traffic on the network - requires understanding on what is normal - bases good traffic as a baseline






26. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host






27. War dialing - war driving - Sniffing - eavesdropping - dumpster diving - social engineering






28. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






29. Known - unknown - zero day






30. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






31. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.






32. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






33. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.






34. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer






35. rules indicate criteria in packets that represent events of interest - rules are applied to packets as they are received - alerts are created when matches are found






36. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






37. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






38. packet filter firewalls rely on TCP flags to determine connection state. Attacker can send ACK packets only to bypass firewall.






39. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction






40. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring






41. Migrate to WPA2 - use strong authentication like PEAP or TTLS - audit network installations - require mutual auth between client and infrastructure equipment






42. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall






43. Network scanner.






44. Uses flow control to handle network congestion - can send larger amounts of data per packet - has guaranteed delivery of transmitted data - better protection against spoofing - reduces need for error checking at higher OSI layers






45. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code






46. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability






47. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






48. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself






49. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






50. low interaction production honeypot - network daemon that can simulate other hosts - each host can appear as a different OS