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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Network scanner.
Checksum in UDP
The TCP/IP model
Arbitrary substitution
Nmap
2. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input
LAN
CIDR
Kismet
OS Command Injection defenses
3. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS
Some common UDP ports
Buffer overflow
Honeyd
The OSI model
4. War dialing - war driving - Sniffing - eavesdropping - dumpster diving - social engineering
IDS not
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
The OSI Protocol Stack
Some Pen Test techniques
5. flags anomalous conditions in traffic on the network - requires understanding on what is normal - bases good traffic as a baseline
Race conditions
The data link layer
Anomaly analysis work
Honeypot
6. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process
The OSI Protocol Stack
Best way to protect wireless networks
Denial of service
When setting up a virtual circuit
7. 53 bytes - 48 bytes for data - 5 bytes for the header
Macro virus
Network stumbler
Internet
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
8. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched
NIDS advantages
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
The conficker worm
Program infector
9. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication
NIDS challenges
TFTP
Risk
Macro virus
10. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side
The data link layer
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
The presentation layer
Brute force
11. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
Some firewall benefits
Types of viruses
Some firewall challenges
12. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code
Some firewall benefits
Nmap scanning techniques
The five threat vectors
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
13. free windows based wireless scanner for 802.1b - detects access point settings - supports GSP integration - identifies networks as encrypted or unencrypted
When setting up a virtual circuit
File integrity checking work
Network stumbler
War Dialing
14. Worms and Wireless - modems - tunnel anything through HTTP - social engineering
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
The TCP/IP model
War Dialing
Some other UDP based protocols
15. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability
Deep packet inspection
Parasitic malware
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
Some disadvantages of honeypots
16. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address
Some NIDS topology limitations
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
A netmask
17. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for
Brute force
IDS data normalization
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
A blind FTP
18. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code
Browsing attack
Some NIDS topology limitations
A netcat listener
EXE program infector
19. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment
Alteration of code
the application layer
Browsing attack
NAC
20. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction
When implementing protocols - what stack should be used?
Risk
WAN
Parasitic malware
21. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit
Vulnerabilities
Race conditions
Some network design objectives
The different cable categories
22. Replicates traffic onto all ports - no traffic monitoring - cannot control which ports should or shouldn't receive frames - forming a large collision domain.
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
Nmap scanning techniques
Hubs
Macro virus
23. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection
A network protocol
Nmap
Some firewall benefits
LAN
24. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535
Permutation
ATM work
Arbitrary substitution
Datagram length of a UDP packet
25. Unencrypted message in its original form
Trap door
Integrity of Data
Plaintext
Some external threat concerns
26. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive
Nmap
IDS not
Stateful firewall
Some FTP dangers
27. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.
Hping
To close a TCP session
Trojan horse
The OSI Protocol Stack
28. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP
To close a TCP session
Ciphertext
Internet
Stateful firewall
29. Confidentiality - symmetric encryption
A network protocol
Trap door
The goals of cryptography
A netmask
30. Intellectual property - business goals - validated data - historical
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
Switches
ACK piggybacking
31. rules indicate criteria in packets that represent events of interest - rules are applied to packets as they are received - alerts are created when matches are found
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
WAN
IDS signature analysis work
What's a VLAN
32. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer
Types of ATM virtual circuits
PAN
Some Pen Test techniques
The TCP/IP model
33. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability
PAN
Bus Topology
Honeyd
Some network design objectives
34. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.
The four basic approaches to defense in depth
Overview of TCP
Race conditions
The network layer
35. Simple attack done by simply browsing available information that's allowed on a local network.
What range is a class A network?
Browsing attack
ACK piggybacking
Remote maintenance
36. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs
The protected enclave to defense in depth
What range is a class B network?
Snort
Types of ATM virtual circuits
37. 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.255.255 - with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0
Some external threat concerns
A netmask
Program infector
What range is a class B network?
38. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack
Firewall
The transport layer
To establish a TCP session
Risk
39. Migrate to WPA2 - use strong authentication like PEAP or TTLS - audit network installations - require mutual auth between client and infrastructure equipment
Brute force
Bridge
Best way to protect wireless networks
Parasitic malware
40. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc
PAN
The Uniform Protection to defense in depth
Defense in depth
Some other UDP based protocols
41. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above
CIDR
Proxy or application gateway
Alteration of code
Some common TCP ports
42. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed
Nmap
Hping
The goals of cryptography
File integrity checking work
43. logic bomb - trojan horse - trap door
Some malware propagation techniques
3-way handshake
Program infector
Some types of malicious code
44. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself
Internet
Log monitoring work?
Worms
the application layer
45. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows
Nmap
File Integrity checking work
Stateful firewall
The presentation layer
46. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis
Internet
Plaintext
Types of ATM virtual circuits
Some malware capabilities
47. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application
Trap door
The goals of cryptography
A blind FTP
The OSI Protocol Stack
48. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.
Alteration of code
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
Overview of TCP
Macro virus
49. Unified data carrying service - replacing from replay and ATM
The session layer
Multi protocol label switching
LAN
What threats should be protected against - based on threat levels
50. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data
The different cable categories
Shallow packet inspection
The network layer
NIDS advantages