Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested






2. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls






3. 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255 - subnet mask of 255.255.255.0






4. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






5. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.






6. Trying to ID modems in a telephone exchange that may be susceptible to compromise






7. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability






8. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






9. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application






10. Metropolitan area network - spans across city or town - larger than a LAN - uses fiber for backbone






11. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis






12. flags anomalous conditions in traffic on the network - requires understanding on what is normal - bases good traffic as a baseline






13. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment






14. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key






15. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere






16. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside






17. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping






18. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






19. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters






20. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






21. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end






22. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed






23. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






24. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.






25. Unencrypted message in its original form






26. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies






27. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures






28. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






29. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc






30. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above






31. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.






32. Handles the network address scheme and connectivity of multiple network segments. It handles communication.






33. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






34. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






35. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






36. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0






37. Simplest form of a research honeypot - useful in identifying nature of TCP scans - allows attacker to complete 3-way handshake - listens on a defined port - logs incoming requests for analysis






38. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows






39. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack






40. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






41. Considered to be a perimeter device






42. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems






43. local area network - small network confined to small location - all equipment owned by a single entity - vulnerable to inside threats and logic bombs






44. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks






45. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key






46. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive






47. UDP based infection - infected through vulnerability in SQL server - caused DoS on saturated networks






48. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535






49. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






50. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.







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