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Test your basic knowledge |
GIAC
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
certifications
,
giac
,
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Common backdoor to open a port - port scan scans for open ports on remote host - scans 0 - 65 -535 twice. TCP and UDP
Port scan
Anomaly analysis work
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
Switches
2. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector
EXE program infector
NIDS advantages
Some network design objectives
Types of viruses
3. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside
Logic bomb
Social engineering
Brute force
Browsing attack
4. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack
Alteration of code
To establish a TCP session
IDS not
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
5. 1. physical 2. data 3. network 4. transport 5. session 6. presentation 7. application
Ack Piggybacking
What's an easy way to test encryption?
The OSI Protocol Stack
Permutation
6. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code
Hping
EXE program infector
Some types of malicious code
CIDR
7. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.
Internet
Rootkit
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
To establish a TCP session
8. Confidentiality - integrity - availability
ATM work
The three goals of security
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Some FTP dangers
9. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
The OSI model
Some NIDS topology limitations
No State Inspection ACK flag set
10. Network traffic to the host - typically listens on all interface - uses signature analysis to identify events of interest
When talking about protocols and referencing layers - what stack is used
HIDS monitor
Shallow packet inspection
Trojan horse
11. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication
NIDS challenges
TFTP
Honeypot
Some other UDP based protocols
12. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters
Rotation?
The transport layer
IDS not
Some firewall challenges
13. Identify critical assets and provide layered protection - data is accessed by applications - applications reside on hosts - hosts operate on networks
The TCP/IP model
The Information Centric defense in depth
The CIA triad
What's an easy way to test encryption?
14. Known - unknown - zero day
Honeypot
Browsing attack
The OSI model
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
15. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall
Some network design objectives
Some other UDP based protocols
SYN flood
Some FTP dangers
16. Confidentiality - symmetric encryption
The goals of cryptography
MAN
Stateful firewall
SYN flood
17. Most commonly used transport protocol today - ensures reliable packet delivery - has error handling built in
Overview of TCP
Multi protocol label switching
What range is a class C network?
The session layer
18. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute
UDP packet headers
Macro virus
Overview of TCP
COM/Script program infector
19. local area network - small network confined to small location - all equipment owned by a single entity - vulnerable to inside threats and logic bombs
When setting up a virtual circuit
War Dialing
LAN
Plaintext
20. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address
Some honeypot advantages
To establish a TCP session
Address resolution protocol
Arbitrary substitution
21. An attempt to gain access by bombarding it with guesses until the password is found.
NIDS challenges
Brute force
Types of viruses
Some network design objectives
22. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management
Logic bomb
NIDS challenges
Race conditions
Some reasons to use TCP over UDP
23. Unified data carrying service - replacing from replay and ATM
Ack Piggybacking
Multi protocol label switching
The CIA triad
Smurf attack
24. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic
CIDR
What primary threats should be protected against
Total cell size for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
What range is a class B network?
25. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS
The session layer
UDP packet headers
3-way handshake
Some common UDP ports
26. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end
NIDS advantages
Some malware propagation techniques
Some honeypot advantages
The transport layer
27. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.
The OSI model
Wardriving
When setting up a virtual circuit
What's an easy way to test encryption?
28. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs
When setting up a virtual circuit
Overview of TCP
Integrity of Data
The protected enclave to defense in depth
29. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host
Some malware capabilities
SYN flood
CIDR
Bridge
30. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script
Denial of service
The conficker worm
IDS signature analysis work
Permutation
31. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution
Kismet
Permutation
The network layer
The physical layer stack
32. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability
Some disadvantages of honeypots
The five threat vectors
Some common UDP ports
DDoS attack
33. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host
LAN
Router
File integrity checking work
A netmask
34. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies
Some common UDP ports
Defense in depth
LAN
The physical layer stack
35. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows
Stateful firewall
ATM work
Ack Piggybacking
WAN
36. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread
Ciphertext
Parasitic malware
What primary threats should be protected against
Plaintext
37. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc
Some ways to bypass firewall protections
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
The physical layer stack
A netmask
38. Handles the network address scheme and connectivity of multiple network segments. It handles communication.
Some NIDS topology limitations
NIDS advantages
The network layer
Log monitoring work?
39. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction
Risk
Ack Piggybacking
What range is a class C network?
Brute force
40. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems
Nmap
Kismet
The session layer
A network protocol
41. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.
Smurf attack
Types of viruses
Firewall
Rotation?
42. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP
Internet
To close a TCP session
Rotation?
OS Command Injection defenses
43. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols
What categories do vulnerabilities fall into?
IDS data normalization
Shallow packet inspection
File Integrity checking work
44. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer
Integrity of Data
Boot record infector
The network layer
The TCP/IP model
45. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields
The goals of cryptography
Deep packet inspection
The TCP/IP model
To close a TCP session
46. Protected at rest - protected in transit - secure the key
Some common UDP ports
EXE program infector
What ways should the crypto key be protected?
A netmask
47. Confidentiality - integrity - availability
Some NIDS topology limitations
Deep packet inspection
Brute force
The CIA triad
48. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0
Network stumbler
The physical layer stack
What range is a class A network?
Some NIDS topology limitations
49. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules
Snort
Bridge
UDP packet headers
TFTP
50. Intrusion detection system - it reports attacks against monitored systems/networks
Some reasons to use UDP over TCP
IDS
Trojan horse
Worms