Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows






2. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






3. removable media - email attachments - web browsing - social networking - network vulnerabilities - IM applications - p2p






4. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.






5. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script






6. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






7. An attacker recruits zombie systems ahead of time to simultaneously release a flood of traffic at a specific target.






8. Simple attack done by simply browsing available information that's allowed on a local network.






9. A TCP version of ping - sends custom TCP packets to a host and listens for replies - enables port scanning and spoofing simultaneously






10. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






11. Personal area network - phone tethering - bluetooth - etc






12. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire






13. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls






14. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






15. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit






16. Program disguised as something helpful - only to perform actions the user did not intend. Opening ports - installing other programs - etc.






17. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks






18. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






19. Unencrypted message in its original form






20. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters






21. Known - unknown - zero day






22. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






23. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere






24. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






25. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side






26. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability






27. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself






28. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies






29. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis






30. Connects many WANs - MANs - and LANs - provided via ISP






31. logic bomb - trojan horse - trap door






32. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer






33. Message in its encrypted form






34. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution






35. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






36. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






37. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.






38. Used for connecting two physical segments of a network - segments traffic - breaks up collision domains - not generally used because of switches






39. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures






40. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit






41. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management






42. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping






43. Intrusion detection system - it reports attacks against monitored systems/networks






44. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host






45. War dialing - war driving - Sniffing - eavesdropping - dumpster diving - social engineering






46. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






47. 8 bytes per packet - UDP SRC port - UDP DST Ports - UDP length - UDP Checksum






48. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






49. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






50. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer