Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






2. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






3. OSI






4. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535






5. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored






6. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector






7. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






8. One is for talking - one is for implementing






9. Combines the functionality of a hub and bride into a single device - keeps track of MACs attached to each port






10. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system






11. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






12. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






13. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability






14. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability






15. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.






16. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry






17. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware

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18. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.






19. Message in its encrypted form






20. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






21. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end






22. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






23. Uses flow control to handle network congestion - can send larger amounts of data per packet - has guaranteed delivery of transmitted data - better protection against spoofing - reduces need for error checking at higher OSI layers






24. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall






25. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer






26. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS






27. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above






28. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.






29. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






30. 1 and 2 - Voice/Low speed data - 3 - Voice/Data 10Mb - 4 - Voice/Data 16Mb - 5 - 5e - Voice/Data 100Mb to 1Gb - 6 - Standard for gigabit






31. TCP/IP - the IP protoco - The core routing protocol of the internet - - deals with transmission of packets between end points - defines the addressing scheme for the internet






32. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive






33. logic bomb - trojan horse - trap door






34. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters






35. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






36. 53 bytes - 48 bytes for data - 5 bytes for the header






37. A sends a SYN packet to B - B acknowledges with a SYN/ACK - A replies with ACK






38. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment






39. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed






40. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management






41. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






42. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside






43. Worms and Wireless - modems - tunnel anything through HTTP - social engineering






44. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks






45. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.






46. destruction of data - leaking confidential information - providing backdoor access






47. Simple attack done by simply browsing available information that's allowed on a local network.






48. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data






49. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields






50. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time







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