Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Relies on executable code insertion and user interaction to spread






2. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






3. packet filter firewalls rely on TCP flags to determine connection state. Attacker can send ACK packets only to bypass firewall.






4. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






5. Means multiple iterations won't matter. If you encrypt with a key - then re-encrypt - it's the same as using one key.






6. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






7. Identify critical assets and provide layered protection - data is accessed by applications - applications reside on hosts - hosts operate on networks






8. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






9. It allows the transport layer to detect when the UDP headers or the payload have been modified in transit






10. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






11. low interaction production honeypot - network daemon that can simulate other hosts - each host can appear as a different OS






12. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable

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13. Isolates systems when they initially connect to the network - allows systems to be scanned and checked prior to being put on a trusted segment






14. Wide Area Network - Larger than MAN or LAN - uses public network - phone lines - and leased lines to tie LAN and MAN over a dispersed area






15. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself






16. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






17. 53 bytes - 48 bytes for data - 5 bytes for the header






18. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.






19. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls






20. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






21. free windows based wireless scanner for 802.1b - detects access point settings - supports GSP integration - identifies networks as encrypted or unencrypted






22. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






23. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire






24. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management






25. A TCP version of ping - sends custom TCP packets to a host and listens for replies - enables port scanning and spoofing simultaneously






26. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures






27. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






28. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack






29. Handles the network address scheme and connectivity of multiple network segments. It handles communication.






30. risk = threat x vulnerability - impossible to eliminate - security is an exercise in loss reduction






31. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.






32. It makes sure the data sent from one side to the other is in a format useful to the other side






33. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






34. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






35. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.






36. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc






37. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






38. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer






39. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks






40. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






41. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis






42. Publish separate mail - web - and DNS servers to the internet - provide appropriate access from internal network to internet - protect internal from external attack - provide defense in depth - protect all aspects of the system






43. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.






44. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside






45. Good for multimedia - can use small single packets - multicasting is required - speed is the highest priority






46. Migrate to WPA2 - use strong authentication like PEAP or TTLS - audit network installations - require mutual auth between client and infrastructure equipment






47. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






48. Trivial File Transfer Protocol - method to transfer files from one device to another without needing authentication






49. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key






50. Improper deployment can increase attack risk - if production systems aren't sufficiently protected - they can be vulnerable from a honeypot - legal liability







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