Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters






2. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector






3. It interacts with the application layer to determine which network services will be required






4. True positive - false positive - true negative - false negative






5. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






6. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping






7. NTP - BootP/DHCP - NFS file systems - SNMP - TFTP






8. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall






9. It interacts with data and prepares it to be transmitted across the network. It ensures reliable connectivity from end-to-end






10. Protects internal/external systems from attack - filters communications based on content - performs NAT - encrypts communications for VPN - logging to aid in intrusion detection






11. One is for talking - one is for implementing






12. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis






13. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability






14. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






15. Identify critical assets and provide layered protection - data is accessed by applications - applications reside on hosts - hosts operate on networks






16. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






17. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.






18. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code






19. open source tool for monitoring - can be used as a NIDS - has quick updates and flexibility for custom rules






20. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive






21. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






22. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






23. An agreement on how different computer will work - protocols define the format and order of messages and what to do upon receipt of the messages - basically the rules of the network






24. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535






25. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






26. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key






27. destruction of data - leaking confidential information - providing backdoor access






28. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






29. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.






30. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host






31. 1.0.0.0 through 127.255.255.255 - subnet mask starts at 255.0.0.0






32. logic bomb - trojan horse - trap door






33. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed






34. A hash is produced when applied to a monitored file. The hash always generates the same value unless a change was made. HIDS software checks the hashes of monitored files and if a change is found - analyst is notified. - ie: tripwire






35. 53 - DNS - 67 - BootP - 68 - BootP - 69 - TFTP - 123- NTP - 137-139 NBT - 161 - SNMP - 162 - SNMP - 2049 - NFS






36. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems






37. Intrusion detection system - it reports attacks against monitored systems/networks






38. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






39. Going around with equipment to detect wireless networks






40. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






41. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network - A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and it's corresponding IP address






42. Used for connecting two physical segments of a network - segments traffic - breaks up collision domains - not generally used because of switches






43. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls






44. keeps the same letters - but changes the position within the text - easy to break - can be combined with substitution






45. OSI






46. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






47. Maintains complete TCP connection state and sequencing through 2 connections - address translation built-in by virtue of second connection above






48. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable

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49. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere






50. Switches networks make it difficult to monitor traffic in promiscuous mode - topology must be able to support traffic aggregation for monitoring