Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.






2. Infected millions through various methods - vulnerability in the MS Server Service - brute force admin password through network shares - infect removable devices with a malicious autorun script






3. Simplest form of a research honeypot - useful in identifying nature of TCP scans - allows attacker to complete 3-way handshake - listens on a defined port - logs incoming requests for analysis






4. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows






5. Anonymous FTP - FTP passes through clear text - Bounce attacks with the PORT command - user can cause an FTP to open a connection from the FTP's own commands and bypass a firewall






6. A TCP version of ping - sends custom TCP packets to a host and listens for replies - enables port scanning and spoofing simultaneously






7. Uses inclusive or exclusive lists - inclusive analysis utilizes a list of keywords - exclusive analysis utilizes a list of events that can be ignored






8. Most common approach - firewall - VPN - intrusion detection - AV - disk encryption - all parts of the organization receive equal protection - particularly vulnerable to malicious inside attacks






9. removable media - email attachments - web browsing - social networking - network vulnerabilities - IM applications - p2p






10. Protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is recognized on the local network. A table - usually called the ARP cache - is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC and its corresponding IP address






11. Not a replacement for firewalls - hardening - strong policies - or other DiD methods - low maintenance - inexpensive






12. Considered to be a perimeter device






13. An FTP that allows downloads only if the user knows the exact name of the file they're looking for






14. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input






15. Switches along the path can be requested to allocate the desired amount of bandwidth. If the circuit has the required bandwidth - the circuit is set up.






16. It handles the establishment and maintenance of connections between systems






17. Bits of code embedded in programs to quickly gain access at a later time






18. TCP/IP - the IP protoco - The core routing protocol of the internet - - deals with transmission of packets between end points - defines the addressing scheme for the internet






19. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






20. Syn - Syn/Ack - Ack






21. Provides insight into the tactics - motives - and attacker tools






22. Unified data carrying service - replacing from replay and ATM






23. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






24. Trying to ID modems in a telephone exchange that may be susceptible to compromise






25. Infects the EXE and make them operate slightly different - when infected - exe header sizes are altered to point to the appended viral code






26. Combines the functionality of a hub and bride into a single device - keeps track of MACs attached to each port






27. 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.255 - subnet mask of 255.255.255.0






28. Known - unknown - zero day






29. ATM supports two types of virtual circuits: permanent virtual circuits and switches virtual circuit - PVC is set up in advance - usually manually - SVC is established automatically through a signaling protocol and can be created on the fly - establis






30. Confidentiality - symmetric encryption






31. Take the file and try to compress it. If it compresses - it means there is a pattern and it's more easily crackable

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32. Used by IDS for a baseline before analysis - attackers will try to de-normalize traffic to evade detection - IDS will normalize data for understood protocols






33. A system resource that has no legitimate purpose or reason for someone to connect to it - its purpose is to draw in attackers to understand how they break into a system






34. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






35. When someone has compromised the integrity of data or a program. Allows attackers to create backdoors.






36. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of arbitrary numbers - given a one character mapping - you cannot determine the key






37. Uniform protection - protected enclaves - information centric - threat vector analysis






38. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested






39. Physical layer - Data link layer - Network Layer - Transport Layer - Session Layer - Presentation Layer - Application Layer






40. A time of check/time of use attack that exploits the difference in between when a security control was applied and the time the service was used.






41. Poor programming without error checking can allow commands to be run in an input field. This can point to a command further in the buffer that will execute the attacker's payload.






42. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






43. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry






44. Outside attack from network - Outsider attack from telephone - Insider attack from local network - insider attack from local system - attack from malicious code






45. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






46. Allows admins to remotely access a system for troubleshooting. - E.g VNC - GoToMyPc - PC Anywhere






47. deployment challenges including topology and access limitations - analyzing encrypted traffic - quantity vs. quality of signatures - performance limitations with extensive analysis techniques - very costly for proper management






48. Full open - half open (stealth scan) - UDP - Ping






49. -Malicious code might execute destructive overwrite to hard disks -Malicious mas mailing code might expose sensitive information to the internet - web server compromise might expose organization to ridicule - Web server compromise might expose custom






50. Slow - requires stateful data tracking - inspects all fields - including variable-length fields