Test your basic knowledge |

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Connects the physical part of the network (cables) with the abstract (packets and datastreams)






2. Intellectual property - business goals - validated data - historical






3. Uses flow control to handle network congestion - can send larger amounts of data per packet - has guaranteed delivery of transmitted data - better protection against spoofing - reduces need for error checking at higher OSI layers






4. Work groups that require additional protection are segmented from the rest of the internal organization - restricting access to critical segments - system of VPNs - internal firewall - VLANs and ACLs






5. 20 - FTP data - 21 - FTP - 23 - Telnet - 25 - SNMP - 53 - DNS - 79 - Finger - 80 - HTTP - 110 - POP - 443 - HTTPS






6. fast - with little fidelity - examines header information and limited payload data






7. Handles transmissions across the physical media like wires - fiber - etc






8. FIN 130 - ACK 131 - FIN 570 - ACK 571






9. size is whatever the length of the UDP portion of the packet. Could be as large as 65 -535






10. Attempt to manipulate or trick a person into providing information or access - bypass network security by exploiting humans - vector is often outside attack by telephone or visitor inside






11. Application layer attacks may get through - dialup - VPN - extranet connections may bypass firewalls






12. Allows segmentation of a switch into different networks - regardless of where a system is plugged in - creates separate networks through software not hardware


13. Combines the functionality of a hub and bride into a single device - keeps track of MACs attached to each port






14. A low end firewall that can quickly be deployed using existing hardware. They examine packets themselves with no content.






15. An attacker spoofs the victim's IP and sends an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast address of a network. When every system responds - a DoS occurs.






16. Netmasks or subnets provide a method for identifying what portion of an address is the network - and what portion is the host






17. A spoofed IP is used to send a SYN to the target. It then responds with a SYN/ACK that never receives the final ACK to complete the handshake. This occupies a portion of the target's pre-established buffer for TCP and can prevent the target from acce






18. Attaches itself to existing program files and activated when the exe is launched






19. Parasitic malware - boot record infector - macro - COM/Script program infector - EXE program infector






20. Spread as an office attachment with executable code programmed using macro facility - targets are data files - visual basic editor and other macro languages - payload executes when the code is launched






21. Weakness in a system - inherent in a complex system - majority are due to poor coding - gateway by which threats are manifested






22. Uses a 1 to 1 substitution of characters - rotate the alphabet by 'n' number of characters - rot+X means rotate the letters X characters






23. Prepends to the beginning of the file and gains control when the first instruction of the infected COM file is executed - appending to the end - virus writes its payload to the end and inserts jump instruction as the first instruction - which execute






24. Worms and Wireless - modems - tunnel anything through HTTP - social engineering






25. Resource exhaustion like DDoS or fork attack - unexpected input value the machine does not know how to process






26. low interaction production honeypot - network daemon that can simulate other hosts - each host can appear as a different OS






27. Four layers - Network Layer - Internet Layer - Transport Layer - Application layer






28. Small program triggered by an event that provides an action. E.g. scheduled file removal if countdown isn't reset - ie: employee was fired






29. Very simplistic. All systems are attached to the same cable segment. Rarely used because they're unreliable - low fault tolerance - poor traffic isolation - with limited scalability






30. Confidentiality - integrity - availability






31. Used for connecting two physical segments of a network - segments traffic - breaks up collision domains - not generally used because of switches






32. A list of files is defined that should be monitored for a change - HIDS software calculates a one-way hash for each file - if a change is made to the file - the hash is changed






33. Network scanner.






34. Attacks systems through known vulnerabilities - automatically scans for more systems to attack - lowers system defenses - installs rootkit or root shell - opens up back doors - self contained malware that can copy itself






35. The practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






36. Not frequently seen on LANs because of expense - because of its traffic predictability and high bandwidth support - it's good for video streaming - encapsulates common protocols - uses virtual path identifiers to create end to end connectivity - has






37. 8 bytes per packet - UDP SRC port - UDP DST Ports - UDP length - UDP Checksum






38. CIDR is a shorthand way of specifying which portion of the address is the network - and which portion is the host






39. Network traffic to the host - typically listens on all interface - uses signature analysis to identify events of interest






40. The Practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination






41. Infects MBR - no network spreading potential






42. Strips OS commands and characters from input - avoid making system calls from within the app * especially based on user input






43. A cracking tool inserted into the OS that allows the attacker to do as they please.






44. Provides insight into traffic on the network - help detect problems with network operations - provides auditing for other security measures






45. Malware - insider threat - natural disaster - terrorism - pandemic






46. Multiple levels of protection must be deployed - an exercie in detection - measures must be across a wide range of controls - compromises happen when people leave sites - risk - CIA triad - strategies






47. Hash Authentication - asymmetric - non repudiation - digital signature - hash + asymmetry






48. An appliance that controls access between public internet and a companies private network - or between a PC NIC and the rest of the PC.






49. Stateful firewalls maintain state of traffic flows






50. Confidentiality - symmetric encryption