Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






2. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






3. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






4. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






5. Really measures volume.






6. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






7. High vs low






8. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






9. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






10. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






11. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






12. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






13. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






14. Total absorbed solar radiation






15. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






16. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






17. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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18. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






19. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






20. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






21. Amount of light absorbed by surface






22. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






23. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






24. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






25. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






26. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






27. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






28. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






29. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






30. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






31. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






32. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






33. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






34. How often does El Nio occur?






35. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






36. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






37. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






38. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






39. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






40. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






41. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






42. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






43. Less frequent and weaker






44. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






45. The amount of light reflected by an object.






46. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






47. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






48. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






49. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






50. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?