Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






2. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






3. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






4. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






5. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






6. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






7. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






8. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






9. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






10. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






11. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






12. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






13. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






14. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






15. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






16. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






17. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






18. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






19. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






20. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






21. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






22. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






23. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






24. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






25. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






26. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






27. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






28. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






29. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






30. Less frequent and weaker






31. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






32. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






33. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






34. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






35. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






36. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






37. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






38. Total absorbed solar radiation






39. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






40. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






41. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






42. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






43. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






44. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






45. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






46. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






47. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






48. Permafrost- A frozen soil






49. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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50. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward