Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






2. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






3. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






4. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






5. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






6. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






7. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






8. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






9. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






10. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






11. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






12. Melting Point decreases






13. Really measures volume.






14. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






15. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






16. Measures input and output.






17. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






18. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






19. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






20. Where does the ozone protect us?






21. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






22. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






23. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






24. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






25. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






26. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






27. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






28. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






29. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






30. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






31. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






32. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






33. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






34. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






35. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






36. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






37. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






38. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






39. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






40. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






41. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






42. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






43. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






44. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






45. 240 w/m squared






46. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






47. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






48. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






49. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






50. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.