SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change
% of Greenhouse Gases
Importance of ice sheets
Black Carbon
30%
2. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____
Permafrost
Thinner atmosphere
Troposphere
Ice Shelf
3. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.
Ozone
Depth v Surface
Layers of Earth
Very small portion
4. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.
Thermokarst
Frozen Soil
Calving
Inversion Layer Summer
5. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice
Active Layer
Cloud Feedbacks
Grounding v Surface Melting
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
6. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or
The cryosphere
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Percentile departures
Ocean water
7. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water
Ice Sheets
Atmospheric Circulation
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
summer
8. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets
Altimetry
Ice Motion
Ice/snow
Ice in the Arctic
9. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.
Severe coastal erosion
doubles
Time Variable Gravity
Average radiative flux reaching the atmosphere
10. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.
Layers of Earth
Increases - decreases
Talik
Energy Budget
11. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface
Active Layer
Ice Discharge
Ocean water
Grounding v Surface Melting
12. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.
Warm
Ice shelf
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Active Layer
13. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Thermokarst
Affect Floods and Droughts
Albedo
14. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere
Affect Floods and Droughts
Very small portion
Warming; cooling
Through talik
15. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic
Ocean water
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
7%
16. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC
Severe coastal erosion
Time Variable Gravity
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
Ice/snow
17. Really measures volume.
Layers of Earth
summer
Altimetry
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
18. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.
How we measure Mass Balance
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
More rain means no drought
Grounding Lines
19. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.
Heat Source and Pressure
Thermokarst Lake
Longwave Radiation
Ozone
20. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
21. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.
Wetter; drier
Indirect heat wave effect
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Thinner atmosphere
22. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?
Thermokarst
Ice loss
Greenland
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
23. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.
Why Water Vapor is not a climate forcing
In the troposphere that we live in.
Inversion Layer Winter
Threshold departures
24. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.
In the stratosphere.
Carbon Dioxide
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
Greenhouse Gases
25. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.
Percentile departures
Ozone Hole
All Greenhouse gases
How a closed talik forms
26. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.
Methane
Frozen Soil
Open talik
Ice-Ocean Interactions
27. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth
Mass Balance
Thermokarst
Natural Causes of Warming
Grounding v Surface Melting
28. The amount of light reflected by an object.
Albedo
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
Questions to think about
Altimetry
29. Where does the ozone protect us?
In the stratosphere.
Threshold departures
Methane
Negative
30. More common
Surface Mass Balance
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Inversion Layer Winter
31. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Antarctica
Grounding v Surface Melting
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
32. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)
Ice absorbs
Antarctica
Longwave Radiation
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
33. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer
How talik forms under lakes
Strong
Sea Ice
El Nio is in the coasts of...
34. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Today melting ice
Talik
Ice Sheets
35. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.
Agricultural Drought
Affect Floods and Droughts
air can warm dramatically
Melt
36. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.
Thermohaline Circulatoin
Affect Floods and Droughts
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
In the stratosphere.
37. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.
Agricultural Drought
Ice Cap
Calving
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
38. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
45%
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Permafrost
39. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous
Thermokarst
Permafrost
Mass Budget
Very small portion
40. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface
Why Water Vapor is not a climate forcing
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Ozone
Through talik
41. The Earth emits this.
Talik
Heat Source and Pressure
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
Longwave Radiation
42. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.
Dynamic thinning
Energy Budget
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Surface Mass Balance
43. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.
Global warming and hot nights?
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Greenhouse Gases
50%
44. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.
Where rise in OC is greatest
IPCC
doubles
Sublimation
45. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.
What happens with the Ozone Hole
Cloud Feedbacks
Open talik
Ice Motion
46. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic
Radiative Forcing
winter
Ozone
Where rise in OC is greatest
47. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t
Why the Arctic climate is special
Permafrost
Dry
More rain means no drought
48. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.
% of Greenhouse Gases
Heat wave
How a closed talik forms
Types of Albedo
49. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
Accumulation
Negative
Grounding Lines
50. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
Why the Arctic climate is special
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
1 m/yr; 10x