Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Really measures volume.






2. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






3. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






4. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






5. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






6. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






7. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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8. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






9. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






10. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






11. 240 w/m squared






12. Less frequent and weaker






13. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






14. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






15. High vs low






16. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






17. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






18. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






19. More common






20. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






21. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






22. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






23. Melting Point decreases






24. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






25. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






26. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






27. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






28. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






29. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






30. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






31. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






32. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






33. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






34. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






35. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






36. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






37. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






38. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






39. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






40. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






41. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






42. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






43. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






44. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






45. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






46. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






47. Permafrost- A frozen soil






48. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






49. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






50. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.