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Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






2. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






3. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






4. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






5. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






6. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






7. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






8. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






9. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






10. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






11. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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12. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






13. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






14. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






15. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






16. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






17. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






18. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






19. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






20. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






21. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






22. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






23. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






24. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






25. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






26. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






27. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






28. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






29. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






30. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






31. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






32. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






33. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






34. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






35. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






36. Permafrost- A frozen soil






37. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






38. How often does El Nio occur?






39. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






40. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






41. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






42. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






43. Total absorbed solar radiation






44. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






45. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






46. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






47. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






48. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






49. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






50. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.







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