Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






2. Total absorbed solar radiation






3. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






4. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






5. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






6. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






7. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






8. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






9. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






10. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






11. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






12. Ocean retains ____ CO2






13. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






14. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






15. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






16. 240 w/m squared






17. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






18. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






19. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






20. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






21. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






22. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






23. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






24. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






25. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






26. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






27. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






28. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






29. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






30. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






31. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






32. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






33. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






34. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






35. More common






36. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






37. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






38. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






39. Cooler water and drought conditions.






40. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






41. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






42. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






43. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






44. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






45. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






46. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






47. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






48. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






49. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






50. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.