Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






2. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






3. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






4. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






5. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






6. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






7. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






8. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






9. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






10. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






11. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






12. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






13. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






14. Less frequent and weaker






15. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






16. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






17. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






18. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






19. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






20. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






21. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






22. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






23. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






24. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






25. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






26. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






27. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






28. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






29. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






30. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






31. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






32. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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33. Really measures volume.






34. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






35. Total absorbed solar radiation






36. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






37. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






38. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






39. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






40. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






41. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






42. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






43. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






44. How much is the planet really warming?






45. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






46. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






47. Cooler water and drought conditions.






48. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






49. 85%






50. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?