Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






2. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






3. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






4. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






5. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






6. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






7. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






8. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






9. Cooler water and drought conditions.






10. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






11. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






12. The Earth emits this.






13. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






14. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






15. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






16. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






17. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






18. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






19. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






20. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






21. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






22. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






23. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






24. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






25. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






26. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






27. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






28. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






29. Permafrost- A frozen soil






30. Total absorbed solar radiation






31. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






32. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






33. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






34. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






35. 240 w/m squared






36. Less frequent and weaker






37. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






38. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






39. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






40. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






41. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






42. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






43. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






44. Amount of light absorbed by surface






45. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






46. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






47. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






48. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






49. How often does El Nio occur?






50. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.