Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






2. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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3. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






4. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






5. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






6. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






7. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






8. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






9. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






10. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






11. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






12. Permafrost- A frozen soil






13. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






14. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






15. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






16. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






17. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






18. How often does El Nio occur?






19. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






20. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






21. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






22. Melting Point decreases






23. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






24. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






25. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






26. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






27. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






28. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






29. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






30. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






31. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






32. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






33. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






34. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






35. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






36. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






37. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






38. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






39. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






40. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






41. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






42. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






43. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






44. Ocean retains ____ CO2






45. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






46. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






47. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






48. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






49. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






50. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...