Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






2. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






3. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






4. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






5. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






6. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






7. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






8. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






9. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






10. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






11. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






12. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






13. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






14. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






15. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






16. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






17. Total absorbed solar radiation






18. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






19. The amount of light reflected by an object.






20. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






21. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






22. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






23. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






24. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






25. Permafrost- A frozen soil






26. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






27. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






28. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






29. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






30. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






31. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






32. Measures input and output.






33. 85%






34. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






35. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






36. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






37. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






38. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






39. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






40. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






41. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






42. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






43. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






44. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






45. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






46. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






47. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






48. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






49. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






50. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.