Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






2. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






3. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






4. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






5. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






6. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






7. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






8. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






9. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






10. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






11. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






12. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






13. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






14. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






15. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






16. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






17. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






18. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






19. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






20. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






21. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






22. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






23. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






24. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






25. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






26. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






27. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






28. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






29. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






30. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






31. 85%






32. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






33. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






34. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






35. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






36. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






37. The Earth emits this.






38. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






39. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






40. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






41. How often does El Nio occur?






42. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






43. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






44. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






45. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






46. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






47. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






48. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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49. Really measures volume.






50. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.