Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. High vs low






2. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






3. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






4. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






5. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






6. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






7. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






8. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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9. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






10. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






11. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






12. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






13. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






14. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






15. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






16. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






17. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






18. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






19. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






20. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






21. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






22. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






23. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






24. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






25. Permafrost- A frozen soil






26. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






27. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






28. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






29. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






30. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






31. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






32. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






33. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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34. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






35. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






36. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






37. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






38. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






39. More common






40. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






41. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






42. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






43. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






44. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






45. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






46. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






47. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






48. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






49. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






50. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.