Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






2. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






3. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






4. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






5. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






6. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






7. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






8. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






9. 240 w/m squared






10. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






11. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






12. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






13. More common






14. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






15. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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16. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






17. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






18. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






19. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






20. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






21. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






22. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






23. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






24. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






25. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






26. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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27. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






28. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






29. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






30. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






31. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






32. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






33. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






34. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






35. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






36. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






37. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






38. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






39. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






40. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






41. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






42. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






43. Permafrost- A frozen soil






44. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






45. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






46. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






47. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






48. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






49. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






50. Amount of light absorbed by surface