Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






2. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






3. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






4. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






5. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






6. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






7. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






8. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






9. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






10. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






11. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






12. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






13. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






14. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






15. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






16. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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17. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






18. 240 w/m squared






19. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






20. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






21. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






22. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






23. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






24. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






25. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






26. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






27. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






28. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






29. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






30. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






31. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






32. How often does El Nio occur?






33. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






34. Less frequent and weaker






35. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






36. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






37. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






38. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






39. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






40. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






41. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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42. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






43. Cooler water and drought conditions.






44. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






45. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






46. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






47. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






48. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






49. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






50. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.