Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






2. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






3. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






4. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






5. Ocean retains ____ CO2






6. Total absorbed solar radiation






7. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






8. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






9. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






10. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






11. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






12. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






13. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






14. Cooler water and drought conditions.






15. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






16. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






17. Measures input and output.






18. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






19. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






20. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






21. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






22. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






23. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






24. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






25. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






26. 240 w/m squared






27. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






28. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






29. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






30. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






31. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






32. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






33. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






34. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






35. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






36. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






37. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






38. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






39. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






40. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






41. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






42. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






43. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






44. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






45. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






46. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






47. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






48. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






49. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






50. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.