Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






2. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






3. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






4. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






5. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






6. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






7. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






8. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






9. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






10. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






11. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






12. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






13. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






14. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






15. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






16. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






17. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






18. Permafrost- A frozen soil






19. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






20. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






21. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






22. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






23. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






24. 85%






25. Where does the ozone protect us?






26. How much is the planet really warming?






27. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






28. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






29. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






30. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






31. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






32. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






33. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






34. Less frequent and weaker






35. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






36. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






37. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






38. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






39. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






40. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






41. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






42. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






43. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






44. Melting Point decreases






45. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






46. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






47. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






48. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






49. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






50. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect