SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet
Sublimation
70%
Warm
Ice Discharge
2. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates
Antarctica
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Ice-Albedo
Thermokarst
3. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
More rain means no drought
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
Hydrological Drought
4. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.
Ozone
Sunspots
IPCC
Ice Sheets
5. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!
Antarctica
Atmospheric Composition
Grounding Lines
Cloud Feedbacks
6. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).
How a closed talik forms
Meteorological Drought
Why the Arctic climate is special
US and precipitation
7. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.
Altimetry Pros
Ice Motion
Normal condition for air
Indirect heat wave effect
8. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.
How a closed talik forms
30%
Surface Mass Balance
Carbon Dioxide
9. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost
Closed talik
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
Global warming and hot nights?
Absolute thresholds
10. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor
Atmospheric Composition
All Greenhouse gases
Antarctica
Affect Floods and Droughts
11. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.
Layers of Earth
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Heat Source and Pressure
Ozone Hole
12. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Thermokarst Lake
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
13. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC
50%
Melt
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
Ice/snow
14. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling
Black Carbon
In the stratosphere.
How we measure Mass Balance
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
15. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)
Ocean water
Surface Mass Balance
Ice Sheets
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
16. 240 w/m squared
Active Layer
Thermohaline Circulation
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
17. Total absorbed solar radiation
Atmospheric Composition
70%
Radiative Flux
1 m/yr; 10x
18. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.
doubles
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Wetter; drier
Ice shelf
19. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:
Radiative Forcing
Thermohaline Circulation
Radiative Flux
Grounding Lines
20. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.
Thermohaline Circulation
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
Albedos of Snow and Ice
Hydrological Drought
21. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Thinner atmosphere
Permafrost
Black Carbon
22. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.
Air pollution
Thermokarst
Thermokarst Lake
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
23. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
air can warm dramatically
Thermohaline Circulation
Troposphere
24. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%
Albedos of Snow and Ice
Severe coastal erosion
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
.7O Celsius over the past century.
25. High vs low
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
IPCC
Cloud Feedbacks
Inversion Layer Winter
26. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
In the troposphere that we live in.
Heat Source and Pressure
reduction in sea-ice
27. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.
Why Water Vapor is not a climate forcing
Stronger
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
What effects the density
28. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -
air can warm dramatically
Normal condition for air
Mass Balance
Ozone Hole
29. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.
30%
Why the Arctic climate is special
All Greenhouse gases
Atmospheric Composition
30. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.
Arctic Atmosphere
Thermohaline Circulatoin
% of Greenhouse Gases
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
31. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
La Nia
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
Permafrost
32. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.
US and precipitation
Surface Mass Balance
Accumulation
Albedos of Snow and Ice
33. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.
Sublimation
Air pollution
Ice loss
Radiative Flux
34. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water
Heat wave
Ice shelf
Thermohaline Circulation
Shortwave Length
35. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
36. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.
Atmospheric Structure
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
37. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.
% of Greenhouse Gases
Thermokarst
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
.75OC/km-1
38. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.
Sea-Ice Albedo
Ice Shelf
Global warming and hot nights?
Thermohaline Circulation
39. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?
Layers of Earth
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
40. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)
Ice Motion
The Ozone Hole
Average radiative flux reaching the atmosphere
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
41. How much is the planet really warming?
.7O Celsius over the past century.
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
Layers of Earth
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
42. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already
Through talik
Permafrost Degradation
Longwave Radiation
Today melting ice
43. Like weighing oneself on the scale.
Accumulation
Time Variable Gravity
Surface Mass Balance
Ice in the Arctic
44. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.
Permafrost Degradation
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
Air pollution
45. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Precipitation and High Latitudes
Altimetry (height)
46. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t
Ice-Albedo
The Ozone Hole
Indirect heat wave effect
Why the Arctic climate is special
47. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface
Time Variable Gravity
Thermohaline Circulation
Ice shelf
Energy Budget
48. The Earth emits this.
75-OC
Why the Arctic climate is special
Longwave Radiation
Antarctica
49. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.
Methane
Ice Cap
Why Water Vapor is not a climate forcing
Ocean water
50. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.
Sunspots
Permafrost Degradation
Infrared radiation
Open talik