Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






2. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






3. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






4. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






5. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






6. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






7. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






8. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






9. 85%






10. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






11. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






12. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






13. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






14. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






15. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






16. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






17. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






18. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






19. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






20. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






21. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






22. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






23. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






24. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






25. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






26. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






27. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






28. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






29. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






30. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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31. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






32. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






33. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






34. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






35. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






36. High vs low






37. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






38. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






39. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






40. Where does the ozone protect us?






41. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






42. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






43. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






44. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






45. Really measures volume.






46. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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47. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






48. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






49. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






50. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.