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Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 240 w/m squared






2. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






3. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






4. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






5. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






6. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






7. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






8. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






9. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






10. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






11. 85%






12. High vs low






13. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






14. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






15. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






16. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






17. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






18. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






19. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






20. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






21. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






22. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






23. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






24. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






25. Where does the ozone protect us?






26. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






27. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






28. Amount of light absorbed by surface






29. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






30. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






31. Measures input and output.






32. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






33. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






34. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






35. The Earth emits this.






36. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






37. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






38. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






39. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






40. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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41. More common






42. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






43. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






44. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






45. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






46. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






47. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






48. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






49. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






50. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house







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