Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






2. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






3. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






4. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






5. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






6. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






7. How much is the planet really warming?






8. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






9. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






10. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






11. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






12. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






13. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






14. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






15. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






16. The amount of light reflected by an object.






17. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






18. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






19. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






20. Ocean retains ____ CO2






21. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






22. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






23. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






24. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






25. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






26. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






27. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






28. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






29. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






30. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






31. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






32. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






33. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






34. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






35. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






36. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






37. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






38. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






39. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






40. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






41. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






42. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






43. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






44. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






45. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






46. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






47. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






48. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






49. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






50. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface