Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






2. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






3. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






4. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






5. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






6. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






7. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






8. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






9. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






10. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






11. Amount of light absorbed by surface






12. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






13. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






14. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






15. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






16. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






17. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






18. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






19. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






20. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






21. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






22. More common






23. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






24. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






25. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






26. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






27. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






28. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






29. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






30. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






31. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






32. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






33. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






34. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






35. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






36. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






37. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






38. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






39. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






40. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






41. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






42. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






43. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






44. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






45. 240 w/m squared






46. Cooler water and drought conditions.






47. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






48. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






49. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






50. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.