Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






2. The Earth emits this.






3. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






4. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






5. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






6. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






7. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






8. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






9. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






10. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






11. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






12. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






13. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






14. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






15. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






16. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






17. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






18. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






19. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






20. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






21. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






22. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






23. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






24. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






25. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






26. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






27. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






28. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






29. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






30. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






31. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






32. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






33. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






34. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






35. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






36. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






37. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






38. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






39. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






40. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






41. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






42. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






43. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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44. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






45. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






46. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






47. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






48. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






49. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






50. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.