Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






2. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






3. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






4. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






5. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






6. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






7. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






8. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






9. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






10. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






11. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






12. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






13. The Earth emits this.






14. Really measures volume.






15. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






16. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






17. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






18. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






19. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






20. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






21. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






22. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






23. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






24. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






25. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






26. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






27. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






28. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






29. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






30. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






31. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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32. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






33. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






34. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






35. Amount of light absorbed by surface






36. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






37. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






38. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






39. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






40. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






41. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






42. How much is the planet really warming?






43. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






44. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






45. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






46. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






47. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






48. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






49. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






50. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.