Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






2. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






3. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






4. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






5. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






6. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






7. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






8. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






9. Total absorbed solar radiation






10. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






11. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






12. Measures input and output.






13. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






14. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






15. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






16. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






17. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






18. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






19. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






20. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






21. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






22. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






23. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






24. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






25. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






26. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






27. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






28. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






29. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






30. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






31. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






32. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






33. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






34. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






35. How often does El Nio occur?






36. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






37. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






38. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






39. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






40. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






41. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






42. Less frequent and weaker






43. 85%






44. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






45. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






46. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






47. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






48. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






49. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






50. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.







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