Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






2. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






3. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






4. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






5. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






6. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






7. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






8. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






9. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






10. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






11. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






12. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






13. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






14. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






15. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






16. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






17. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






18. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






19. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






20. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






21. Measures input and output.






22. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






23. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






24. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






25. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






26. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






27. How often does El Nio occur?






28. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






29. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






30. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






31. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






32. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






33. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






34. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






35. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






36. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






37. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






38. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






39. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






40. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






41. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






42. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






43. Permafrost- A frozen soil






44. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






45. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






46. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






47. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






48. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






49. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






50. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.