Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






2. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






3. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






4. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






5. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






6. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






7. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






8. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






9. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






10. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






11. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






12. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






13. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






14. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






15. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






16. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






17. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






18. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






19. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






20. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






21. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






22. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






23. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






24. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






25. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






26. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






27. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






28. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






29. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






30. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






31. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






32. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






33. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






34. The Earth emits this.






35. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






36. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






37. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






38. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






39. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






40. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






41. Amount of light absorbed by surface






42. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






43. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






44. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






45. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






46. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






47. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






48. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






49. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






50. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.