Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






2. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






3. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






4. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






5. How much is the planet really warming?






6. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






7. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






8. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






9. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






10. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






11. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






12. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






13. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






14. Total absorbed solar radiation






15. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






16. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






17. More common






18. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






19. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






20. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






21. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






22. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






23. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






24. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






25. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






26. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






27. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






28. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






29. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






30. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






31. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






32. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






33. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






34. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






35. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






36. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






37. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






38. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






39. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






40. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






41. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






42. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






43. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






44. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






45. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






46. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






47. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






48. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






49. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






50. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG