Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






2. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






3. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






4. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






5. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






6. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






7. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






8. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






9. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






10. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






11. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






12. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






13. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






14. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






15. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






16. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






17. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






18. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






19. More common






20. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






21. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






22. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






23. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






24. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






25. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






26. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






27. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






28. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






29. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






30. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






31. The Earth emits this.






32. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






33. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






34. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






35. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






36. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






37. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






38. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






39. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






40. How often does El Nio occur?






41. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






42. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






43. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






44. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






45. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






46. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






47. 240 w/m squared






48. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






49. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






50. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.