SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%
Ice Discharge
Types of Albedo
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Troposphere
2. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Normal condition for air
7%
Surface Mass Balance
3. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo
In the troposphere that we live in.
Strong
Frozen Soil
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
4. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.
winter
Altimetry (height)
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
Ice Shelf
5. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.
Ozone Hole
Thermokarst
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Ozone
6. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.
Altimetry Cons
All Greenhouse gases
Ice Discharge
Ozone Hole
7. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates
Normal condition for air
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Shortwave Length
Sublimation
8. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.
Thermohaline Circulation
Ocean water
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
9. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
Ice-Albedo
Indirect heat wave effect
Time Variable Gravity
10. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure
Albedo
Dry
Agricultural Drought
Atmospheric Composition
11. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface
Grounding v Surface Melting
El Nino
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Melt
12. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.
.75OC/km-1
How to define a heatwave
Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere Interaction
summer
13. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice
El Nino
Sublimation
Ice/snow
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
14. Less frequent and weaker
Heat Source and Pressure
Thermohaline Circulation
Inversion Layer Summer
Ice Cap
15. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.
Sublimation
Radiative Forcing
Mass Change
Thermokarst Lake
16. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.
US and precipitation
Ozone
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Mass Balance
17. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.
Arctic Atmosphere
Sublimation
Warm
Altimetry
18. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct
Grounding Lines
Ozone Hole
Arctic Atmosphere
Depth v Surface
19. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans
Reduction in sea-ice extent
Importance of ice sheets
Questions to think about
In the troposphere that we live in.
20. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.
Troposphere
Ocean water
Affect Floods and Droughts
Importance of ice sheets
21. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!
How we measure Mass Balance
Atmospheric Composition?
Warm
More rain means no drought
22. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer
20%
How we measure Mass Balance
Sea Ice
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
23. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.
Ice-Albedo
7%
Ice Discharge
Atmospheric Composition?
24. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.
Frozen Soil
Affect Floods and Droughts
Questions to think about
Layers of Earth
25. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.
Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere Interaction
Mass Budget
Ice Motion
Albedos of Snow and Ice
26. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house
Grounding Lines
Thinner atmosphere
Ocean water
Antarctica
27. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.
Today melting ice
Accumulation
Altimetry
Air pollution
28. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change
Surface Mass Balance
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
Importance of ice sheets
Ice absorbs
29. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
30%
Ice Sheets
What happens with the Ozone Hole
30. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost
30%
30%
Grounding Lines
Closed talik
31. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.
Altimetry Cons
Monthly maximums and minimums
Active Layer
Closed talik
32. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
33. Really measures volume.
Altimetry
La Nia
Thermohaline Circulation
Dynamic thinning
34. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Altimetry Pros
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
Mass Balance
35. Total absorbed solar radiation
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Active Layer
70%
Ozone Hole
36. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or
Ice in the Arctic
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Ozone Hole
Global warming and hot nights?
37. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere
Inversion Layer Summer
20%
Ice-Albedo
Affect Floods and Droughts
38. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.
Dynamic thinning
Severe coastal erosion
Ice in the Arctic
Today melting ice
39. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).
Antarctica
How a closed talik forms
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
50%
40. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%
Albedos of Snow and Ice
Surface Mass Balance
Global warming and hot nights?
Inversion Layer Winter
41. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.
Radiative Forcing
Heat wave
Altimetry Cons
More rain means no drought
42. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -
Calving
Layers of Earth
Ice Motion
air can warm dramatically
43. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface
US and precipitation
Radiative Flux
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Questions to think about
44. How much is the planet really warming?
Where rise in OC is greatest
Global warming and hot nights?
.7O Celsius over the past century.
25%
45. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:
Ice Sheets
Active Layer
Thermohaline Circulation
Talik
46. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
Once every 4 years.
Very small portion
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
47. Cooler water and drought conditions.
Ocean water
La Nia
Closed talik
Layers of Earth
48. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)
Climate Change in the Arctic
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
49. 85%
Grounding Lines
70%
Sea-Ice Albedo
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
50. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Grounding Lines
Mass Change
Where rise in OC is greatest