Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






2. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






3. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






4. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






5. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






6. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






7. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






8. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






9. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






10. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






11. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






12. Where does the ozone protect us?






13. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






14. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






15. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






16. Less frequent and weaker






17. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






18. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






19. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






20. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






21. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






22. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






23. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






24. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






25. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






26. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






27. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






28. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






29. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






30. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






31. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






32. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






33. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






34. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






35. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






36. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






37. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






38. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






39. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






40. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






41. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






42. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






43. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






44. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






45. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






46. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






47. Ocean retains ____ CO2






48. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






49. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






50. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.