SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...
30%
Arctic Atmosphere
Surface Mass Balance
Heat Source and Pressure
2. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.
Percentile departures
Through talik
Ice Sheets
Ice shelf
3. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC
Inversion Layer Winter
Surface Mass Balance
Ice/snow
GHG
4. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.
summer
Layers of Earth
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
Global warming and hot nights?
5. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.
Hydrological Drought
GHG
Thermohaline Circulation
Methane
6. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Thinner atmosphere
Time Variable Gravity
El Nino
7. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.
Talik
Through talik
summer
Ice Cap
8. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
Methane
30%
Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere Interaction
9. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth
Natural Causes of Warming
winter
.7O Celsius over the past century.
Thermohaline Circulatoin
10. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.
Ice Shelf
doubles
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Mass Balance
11. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.
Once every 4 years.
Ice Sheets
Greenland
Monthly maximums and minimums
12. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.
How a closed talik forms
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
Active Layer
Heat Source and Pressure
13. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.
Frozen Soil
Ice absorbs
Talik
Melt
14. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.
All Greenhouse gases
Monthly maximums and minimums
50%
1 m/yr; 10x
15. Where does the ozone protect us?
In the stratosphere.
doubles
Strong
Affect Floods and Droughts
16. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.
Ocean water
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
Ice loss
How we measure Mass Balance
17. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice
In the stratosphere.
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Mass Change
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
18. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
19. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor
In the troposphere that we live in.
Affect Floods and Droughts
Ice Motion
Sea Ice
20. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.
How we measure Mass Balance
Layers of Earth
summer
% of Greenhouse Gases
21. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.
Altimetry Cons
Ice Sheets
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Ice/snow
22. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.
Natural Causes of Warming
El Nino
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Permafrost
23. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house
Ice-Albedo
50%
Open talik
Thinner atmosphere
24. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
Climate Change in the Arctic
Ice-Albedo
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
25. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
Archimedes' Principle
Negative
26. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi
What happens with the Ozone Hole
Mass Balance
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
Global warming and hot nights?
27. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.
The cryosphere
Atmospheric Circulation
Ice absorbs
In the troposphere that we live in.
28. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.
Black Carbon
30%
Ice absorbs
Methane
29. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.
Black Carbon
Heat wave
Sea-Ice Albedo
Mass Budget
30. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.
.75OC/km-1
Grounding Lines
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Atmospheric Composition
31. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.
Indirect heat wave effect
Stronger
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Negative
32. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought
Shortwave Length
Time Variable Gravity
Agricultural Drought
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
33. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere
Closed talik
20%
Heat wave
Positive
34. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.
Thermohaline Circulation
Greenhouse Gases
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
Ice Sheets
35. 85%
Ice shelf
winter
Sea-Ice Albedo
reduction in sea-ice
36. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.
Air pollution
Thermohaline Circulation
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Normal condition for air
37. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous
Through talik
7%
Atmospheric Composition?
Permafrost
38. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air
70%
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Thermohaline Circulation
39. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.
Dynamic thinning
Ozone Hole
Natural Causes of Warming
Ice Sheets
40. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.
Inversion Layer (feedback)
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
Air pollution
25%
41. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
The Ozone Hole
Why the Arctic climate is special
Time Variable Gravity
42. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.
20%
Ozone
Thermokarst
Once every 4 years.
43. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.
Surface Mass Balance
Radiative Flux
Thermohaline Circulation
Calving
44. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Radiative Flux
IPCC
Reduction in sea-ice extent
45. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere
Severe coastal erosion
Atmospheric Structure
Thermohaline Circulation
Altimetry (height)
46. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
47. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.
Altimetry Pros
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Radiative Flux
48. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic
winter
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
Radiative Forcing
Mass Change
49. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?
Greenhouse Gases
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
Mass Change
Surface Mass Balance
50. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?
Shortwave Length
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Active Layer
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency