Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






2. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






3. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






4. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






5. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






6. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






7. Really measures volume.






8. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






9. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






10. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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11. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






12. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






13. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






14. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






15. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






16. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






17. How much is the planet really warming?






18. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






19. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






20. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






21. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






22. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






23. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






24. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






25. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






26. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






27. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






28. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






29. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






30. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






31. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






32. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






33. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






34. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






35. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






36. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






37. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






38. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






39. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






40. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






41. Measures input and output.






42. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






43. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






44. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






45. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






46. The Earth emits this.






47. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






48. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






49. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






50. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.