Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






2. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






3. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






4. High vs low






5. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






6. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






7. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






8. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






9. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






10. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






11. 85%






12. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






13. Cooler water and drought conditions.






14. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






15. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






16. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






17. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






18. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






19. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






20. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






21. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






22. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






23. 240 w/m squared






24. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






25. Where does the ozone protect us?






26. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






27. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






28. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






29. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






30. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






31. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






32. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






33. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






34. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






35. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






36. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






37. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






38. How often does El Nio occur?






39. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






40. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






41. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






42. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






43. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






44. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






45. Really measures volume.






46. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






47. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






48. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






49. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






50. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect