Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






2. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






3. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






4. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






5. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






6. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






7. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






8. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






9. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






10. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






11. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






12. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






13. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






14. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






15. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






16. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






17. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






18. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






19. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






20. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






21. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






22. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






23. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






24. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






25. 85%






26. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






27. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






28. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






29. Ocean retains ____ CO2






30. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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31. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






32. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






33. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






34. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






35. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






36. The Earth emits this.






37. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






38. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






39. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






40. Cooler water and drought conditions.






41. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






42. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






43. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






44. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






45. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






46. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






47. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






48. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






49. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






50. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.