Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






2. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






3. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






4. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






5. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






6. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






7. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






8. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






9. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






10. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






11. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






12. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






13. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






14. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






15. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






16. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






17. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






18. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






19. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






20. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






21. Total absorbed solar radiation






22. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






23. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






24. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






25. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






26. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






27. 240 w/m squared






28. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






29. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






30. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






31. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






32. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






33. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






34. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






35. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






36. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






37. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






38. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






39. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






40. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






41. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






42. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






43. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






44. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






45. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






46. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






47. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






48. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






49. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






50. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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