Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






2. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






3. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






4. Cooler water and drought conditions.






5. Permafrost- A frozen soil






6. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






7. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






8. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






9. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






10. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






11. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






12. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






13. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






14. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






15. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






16. High vs low






17. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






18. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






19. Total absorbed solar radiation






20. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






21. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






22. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






23. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






24. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






25. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






26. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






27. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






28. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






29. How much is the planet really warming?






30. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






31. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






32. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






33. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






34. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






35. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






36. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






37. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






38. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






39. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






40. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






41. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






42. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






43. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






44. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






45. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






46. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






47. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






48. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






49. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






50. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.