Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






2. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






3. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






4. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






5. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






6. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






7. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






8. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






9. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






10. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






11. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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12. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






13. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






14. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






15. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






16. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






17. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






18. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






19. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






20. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






21. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






22. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






23. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






24. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






25. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






26. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






27. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






28. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






29. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






30. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






31. Melting Point decreases






32. Less frequent and weaker






33. 240 w/m squared






34. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






35. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






36. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






37. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






38. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






39. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






40. Measures input and output.






41. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






42. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






43. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






44. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






45. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






46. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






47. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






48. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






49. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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50. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct