Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






2. The Earth emits this.






3. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






4. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






5. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






6. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






7. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






8. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






9. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






10. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






11. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






12. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






13. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






14. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






15. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






16. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






17. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






18. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






19. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






20. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






21. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






22. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






23. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






24. More common






25. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






26. Amount of light absorbed by surface






27. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






28. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






29. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






30. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






31. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






32. Cooler water and drought conditions.






33. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






34. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






35. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






36. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






37. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






38. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






39. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






40. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






41. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






42. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






43. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






44. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






45. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






46. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






47. 85%






48. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






49. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






50. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.