Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






2. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






3. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






4. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






5. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






6. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






7. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






8. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






9. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






10. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






11. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






12. Ocean retains ____ CO2






13. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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14. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






15. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






16. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






17. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






18. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






19. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






20. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






21. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






22. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






23. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






24. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






25. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






26. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






27. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






28. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






29. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






30. The amount of light reflected by an object.






31. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






32. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






33. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






34. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






35. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






36. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






37. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






38. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






39. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






40. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






41. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






42. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






43. 240 w/m squared






44. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






45. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






46. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






47. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






48. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






49. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






50. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -