Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






2. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






3. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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4. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






5. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






6. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






7. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






8. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






9. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






10. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






11. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






12. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






13. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






14. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






15. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






16. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






17. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






18. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






19. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






20. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






21. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






22. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






23. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






24. Total absorbed solar radiation






25. Ocean retains ____ CO2






26. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






27. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






28. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






29. 240 w/m squared






30. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






31. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






32. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






33. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






34. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






35. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






36. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






37. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






38. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






39. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






40. The amount of light reflected by an object.






41. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






42. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






43. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






44. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






45. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






46. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






47. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






48. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






49. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






50. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.