Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






2. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






3. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






4. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






5. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






6. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






7. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






8. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






9. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






10. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






11. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






12. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






13. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






14. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






15. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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16. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






17. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






18. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






19. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






20. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






21. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






22. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






23. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






24. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






25. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






26. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






27. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






28. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






29. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






30. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






31. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






32. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






33. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






34. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






35. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






36. 240 w/m squared






37. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






38. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






39. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






40. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






41. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






42. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






43. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






44. Less frequent and weaker






45. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






46. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






47. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






48. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






49. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






50. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.