Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






2. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






3. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






4. The amount of light reflected by an object.






5. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






6. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






7. Ocean retains ____ CO2






8. Amount of light absorbed by surface






9. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






10. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






11. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






12. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






13. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






14. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






15. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






16. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






17. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






18. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






19. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






20. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






21. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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22. Cooler water and drought conditions.






23. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






24. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






25. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






26. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






27. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






28. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






29. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






30. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






31. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






32. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






33. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






34. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






35. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






36. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






37. Total absorbed solar radiation






38. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






39. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






40. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






41. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






42. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






43. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






44. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






45. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






46. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






47. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






48. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






49. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






50. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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