Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






2. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






3. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






4. Total absorbed solar radiation






5. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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6. Melting Point decreases






7. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






8. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






9. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






10. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






11. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






12. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






13. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






14. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






15. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






16. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






17. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






18. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






19. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






20. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






21. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






22. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






23. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






24. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






25. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






26. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






27. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






28. How much is the planet really warming?






29. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






30. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






31. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






32. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






33. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






34. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






35. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






36. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






37. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






38. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






39. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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40. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






41. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






42. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






43. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






44. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






45. More common






46. 240 w/m squared






47. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






48. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






49. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






50. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -