Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






2. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






3. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






4. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






5. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






6. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






7. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






8. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






9. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






10. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






11. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






12. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






13. How much is the planet really warming?






14. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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15. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






16. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






17. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






18. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






19. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






20. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






21. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






22. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






23. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






24. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






25. Amount of light absorbed by surface






26. The amount of light reflected by an object.






27. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






28. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






29. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






30. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






31. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






32. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






33. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






34. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






35. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






36. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






37. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






38. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






39. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






40. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






41. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






42. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






43. 240 w/m squared






44. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






45. Ocean retains ____ CO2






46. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






47. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






48. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






49. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






50. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface