Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 85%






2. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






3. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






4. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






5. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






6. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






7. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






8. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






9. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






10. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






11. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






12. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






13. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






14. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






15. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






16. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






17. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






18. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






19. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






20. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






21. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






22. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






23. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






24. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






25. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






26. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






27. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






28. Amount of light absorbed by surface






29. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






30. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






31. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






32. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






33. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






34. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






35. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






36. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






37. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






38. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






39. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






40. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






41. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






42. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






43. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






44. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






45. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






46. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






47. Ocean retains ____ CO2






48. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






49. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






50. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.