Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






2. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






3. Where does the ozone protect us?






4. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






5. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






6. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






7. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






8. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






9. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






10. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






11. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






12. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






13. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






14. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






15. 240 w/m squared






16. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






17. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






18. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






19. High vs low






20. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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21. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






22. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






23. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






24. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






25. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






26. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






27. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






28. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






29. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






30. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






31. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






32. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






33. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






34. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






35. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






36. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






37. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






38. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






39. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






40. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






41. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






42. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






43. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






44. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






45. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






46. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






47. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






48. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






49. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






50. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.