Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






2. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






3. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






4. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






5. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






6. Where does the ozone protect us?






7. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






8. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






9. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






10. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






11. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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12. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






13. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






14. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






15. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






16. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






17. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






18. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






19. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






20. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






21. Amount of light absorbed by surface






22. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






23. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






24. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






25. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






26. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






27. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






28. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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29. 85%






30. 240 w/m squared






31. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






32. Really measures volume.






33. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






34. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






35. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






36. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






37. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






38. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






39. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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40. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






41. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






42. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






43. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






44. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






45. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






46. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






47. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






48. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






49. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






50. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.