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Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






2. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






3. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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4. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






5. High vs low






6. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






7. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






8. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






9. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






10. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






11. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






12. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






13. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






14. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






15. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






16. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






17. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






18. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






19. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






20. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






21. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






22. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






23. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






24. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






25. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






26. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






27. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






28. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






29. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






30. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






31. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






32. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






33. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






34. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






35. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






36. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






37. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






38. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






39. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






40. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






41. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






42. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






43. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






44. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






45. How often does El Nio occur?






46. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






47. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






48. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






49. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






50. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets







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