SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.
45%
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
30%
Greenhouse Gases
2. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.
Shortwave Length
Active Layer
70%
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
3. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.
Ocean water
More rain means no drought
winter
Dynamic thinning
4. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Stronger
70%
5. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation
Warming; cooling
doubles
Positive
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
6. More common
Increases - decreases
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
Inversion Layer Winter
.75OC/km-1
7. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?
Thermohaline Circulation
reduction in sea-ice
Ice Sheets
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
8. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
.7O Celsius over the past century.
1 m/yr; 10x
Antarctica
9. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.
Ice absorbs
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Methane
Accumulation
10. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.
Earth's tilt
.7O Celsius over the past century.
Surface Mass Balance
Global warming and hot nights?
11. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.
Indirect heat wave effect
Antarctica
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Ice Cap
12. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2
Thermohaline Circulation
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Time Variable Gravity
45%
13. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air
25%
Rainy
Why the Arctic climate is special
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
14. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t
Shortwave Length
In the troposphere that we live in.
Why the Arctic climate is special
Strong
15. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.
Altimetry
Greenhouse Gases
Types of Albedo
winter
16. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic
Today melting ice
% of Greenhouse Gases
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
Precipitation and High Latitudes
17. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.
Importance of ice sheets
Sea-Ice Albedo
Stronger
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
18. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Climate Change in the Arctic
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
70%
19. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
Agricultural Drought
Black Carbon
Ice/snow
20. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water
70%
Methane
Melt
Time Variable Gravity
21. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century
Strong
Grounding Lines
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
Stronger
22. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
Radiative Flux
The Ozone Hole
30%
23. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.
Ice loss
Precipitation and High Latitudes
Why the Arctic climate is special
Melt
24. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%
Wetter; drier
Talik
Albedos of Snow and Ice
% of Greenhouse Gases
25. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.
25%
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Depth v Surface
Warm
26. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface
Grounding v Surface Melting
Where rise in OC is greatest
All Greenhouse gases
Positive
27. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Arctic Atmosphere
50%
Monthly maximums and minimums
28. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house
Permafrost
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
Thinner atmosphere
Inversion Layer Summer
29. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.
Ice/snow
Thermokarst
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
Dynamic thinning
30. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change
1 m/yr; 10x
Greenland
Importance of ice sheets
Active Layer
31. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?
Depth v Surface
Today melting ice
In the troposphere that we live in.
Mass Change
32. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.
Hydrological Drought
Accumulation
Layers of Earth
Positive feedbacks both found in...
33. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.
Very small portion
Albedos of Snow and Ice
Surface Mass Balance
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
34. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.
Altimetry Pros
70%
How to define a heatwave
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
35. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.
Thermokarst
30%
La Nia
Mass Budget
36. How much is the planet really warming?
El Nino
.7O Celsius over the past century.
Positive
Infrared radiation
37. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates
Atmospheric Circulation
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Importance of ice sheets
Percentile departures
38. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
Open talik
Permafrost Degradation
Ice shelf
39. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
Permafrost Degradation
Thermohaline Circulation
Ice-Ocean Interactions
40. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
41. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)
75-OC
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
Global warming and hot nights?
Negative
42. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?
Air pollution
.75OC/km-1
Heat wave
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
43. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.
Permafrost
Sublimation
Thermokarst Lake
Hydrological Drought
44. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.
Altimetry (height)
Reduction in sea-ice extent
reduction in sea-ice
Altimetry Cons
45. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.
Ice Sheets
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
Atmospheric Structure
US and precipitation
46. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.
Ice Discharge
Ice loss
Cloud Feedbacks
In the stratosphere.
47. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate
Ice shelf
reduction in sea-ice
Ice loss
Altimetry Pros
48. Total absorbed solar radiation
70%
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
Ice loss
Ice Discharge
49. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans
Ice-Albedo
25%
Active Layer
Questions to think about
50. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.
45%
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Archimedes' Principle
Surface Mass Balance