SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.
50%
Thermohaline Circulatoin
Melt
Air pollution
2. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover
winter
What happens with the Ozone Hole
The cryosphere
.75OC/km-1
3. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Warming; cooling
Hydrological Drought
Open talik
4. Cooler water and drought conditions.
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
La Nia
Grounding v Surface Melting
Accumulation
5. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density
Altimetry (height)
Depth v Surface
Mass Balance
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
6. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%
Monthly maximums and minimums
Types of Albedo
Antarctica
Precipitation and High Latitudes
7. Really measures volume.
Heat wave
Atmospheric Structure
Altimetry
Energy Budget
8. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.
reduction in sea-ice
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Warming; cooling
Why the Arctic climate is special
9. Less frequent and weaker
Air pollution
.7O Celsius over the past century.
More rain means no drought
Inversion Layer Summer
10. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Strong
Black Carbon
30%
11. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.
Radiative Forcing
Indirect heat wave effect
Thermokarst Lake
Why the Arctic climate is special
12. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans
Questions to think about
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Ozone Hole
7%
13. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.
air can warm dramatically
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Antarctica
Ice absorbs
14. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Why Water Vapor is not a climate forcing
Active Layer
air can warm dramatically
15. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).
Ice-Ocean Interactions
IPCC
How a closed talik forms
20%
16. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.
Methane
Cloud Feedbacks
Global warming and hot nights?
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
17. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.
Ice shelf
How talik forms under lakes
Positive
Strong
18. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.
Through talik
Percentile departures
Dynamic thinning
Albedo
19. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.
Time Variable Gravity
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
Hydrological Drought
70%
20. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
What effects the density
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
.7O Celsius over the past century.
21. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Carbon Dioxide
What effects the density
22. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Carbon Dioxide
Thermokarst Lake
Average radiative flux reaching the atmosphere
23. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Why Water Vapor is not a climate forcing
summer
All Greenhouse gases
24. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second
Meteorological Drought
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
Radiative Flux
25. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.
Warm
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
30%
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
26. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic
.7O Celsius over the past century.
Accumulation
winter
Arctic Atmosphere
27. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2
Agricultural Drought
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
45%
28. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.
75-OC
Arctic Atmosphere
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Once every 4 years.
29. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
30. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or
Inversion Layer Winter
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Strong
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
31. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.
Radiative Forcing
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
Precipitation and High Latitudes
Ocean water
32. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
Negative
25%
33. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water
Global warming and hot nights?
Radiative Forcing
Melt
Where rise in OC is greatest
34. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.
Troposphere
Discontinuous
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Through talik
35. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?
Ocean water
30%
In the troposphere that we live in.
Ice Sheets
36. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.
Accumulation
Ozone Hole
GHG
Grounding v Surface Melting
37. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
Ice-Albedo
Ice Sheets
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
38. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.
Ice loss
.7O Celsius over the past century.
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
Permafrost Degradation
39. Permafrost- A frozen soil
In the troposphere that we live in.
Sea-Ice Albedo
Frozen Soil
Very small portion
40. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.
Permafrost
Dry
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Ice Shelf
41. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.
Dynamic thinning
% of Greenhouse Gases
Very small portion
1 m/yr; 10x
42. Measures input and output.
Antarctica
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Ice/snow
Mass Budget
43. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air
IPCC
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Thermohaline Circulatoin
How we measure Mass Balance
44. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
% of Greenhouse Gases
Mass Balance
Ice absorbs
45. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.
Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere Interaction
Positive
Radiative Forcing
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
46. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
Negative
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
Average radiative flux reaching the atmosphere
47. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.
Infrared radiation
Surface Mass Balance
Precipitation and High Latitudes
GHG
48. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)
The cryosphere
The Ozone Hole
Warming; cooling
Heat Source and Pressure
49. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.
Albedo
Altimetry (height)
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Percentile departures
50. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2
Mass Budget
30%
Permafrost
1 m/yr; 10x