Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 240 w/m squared






2. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






3. High vs low






4. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






5. How much is the planet really warming?






6. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






7. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






8. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






9. Where does the ozone protect us?






10. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






11. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






12. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






13. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






14. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






15. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






16. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






17. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






18. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






19. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






20. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






21. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






22. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






23. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






24. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






25. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






26. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






27. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






28. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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29. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






30. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






31. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






32. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






33. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






34. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






35. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






36. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






37. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






38. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






39. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






40. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






41. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






42. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






43. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






44. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






45. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






46. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






47. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






48. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






49. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






50. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct