Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






2. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






3. Amount of light absorbed by surface






4. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






5. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






6. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






7. Cooler water and drought conditions.






8. Measures input and output.






9. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






10. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






11. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






12. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






13. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






14. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






15. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






16. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






17. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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18. The Earth emits this.






19. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






20. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






21. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






22. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






23. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






24. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






25. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






26. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






27. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






28. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






29. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






30. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






31. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






32. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






33. Where does the ozone protect us?






34. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






35. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






36. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






37. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






38. Really measures volume.






39. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






40. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






41. How much is the planet really warming?






42. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






43. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






44. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






45. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






46. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






47. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






48. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






49. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






50. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.