Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






2. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






3. Measures input and output.






4. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






5. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






6. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






7. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






8. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






9. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






10. 85%






11. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






12. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






13. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






14. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






15. How often does El Nio occur?






16. Total absorbed solar radiation






17. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






18. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






19. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






20. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






21. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






22. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






23. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






24. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






25. 240 w/m squared






26. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






27. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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28. The amount of light reflected by an object.






29. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






30. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






31. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






32. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






33. Melting Point decreases






34. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






35. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






36. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






37. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






38. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






39. Ocean retains ____ CO2






40. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






41. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






42. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






43. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






44. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






45. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






46. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






47. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






48. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






49. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






50. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.