Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






2. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






3. Less frequent and weaker






4. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






5. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






6. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






7. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






8. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






9. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






10. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






11. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






12. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






13. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






14. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






15. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






16. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






17. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






18. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






19. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






20. Cooler water and drought conditions.






21. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






22. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






23. Measures input and output.






24. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






25. Amount of light absorbed by surface






26. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






27. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






28. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






29. The amount of light reflected by an object.






30. The Earth emits this.






31. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






32. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






33. Ocean retains ____ CO2






34. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






35. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






36. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






37. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






38. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






39. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






40. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






41. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






42. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






43. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






44. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






45. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






46. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






47. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






48. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






49. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






50. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi