Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






2. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






3. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






4. Melting Point decreases






5. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






6. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






7. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






8. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






9. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






10. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






11. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






12. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






13. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






14. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






15. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






16. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






17. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






18. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






19. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






20. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






21. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






22. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






23. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






24. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






25. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






26. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






27. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






28. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






29. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






30. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






31. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






32. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






33. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






34. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






35. Where does the ozone protect us?






36. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






37. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






38. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






39. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






40. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






41. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






42. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






43. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






44. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






45. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






46. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






47. How often does El Nio occur?






48. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






49. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






50. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface