Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






2. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






3. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






4. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






5. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






6. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






7. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






8. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






9. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






10. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






11. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






12. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






13. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






14. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






15. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






16. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






17. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






18. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






19. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






20. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






21. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






22. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






23. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






24. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






25. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






26. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






27. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






28. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






29. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






30. High vs low






31. Total absorbed solar radiation






32. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






33. The amount of light reflected by an object.






34. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






35. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






36. Ocean retains ____ CO2






37. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






38. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






39. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






40. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






41. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






42. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






43. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






44. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






45. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






46. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






47. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






48. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






49. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






50. Permafrost- A frozen soil