Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






2. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






3. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






4. Amount of light absorbed by surface






5. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






6. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






7. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






8. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






9. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






10. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






11. How often does El Nio occur?






12. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






13. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






14. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






15. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






16. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






17. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






18. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






19. Less frequent and weaker






20. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






21. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






22. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






23. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






24. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






25. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






26. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.


27. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






28. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






29. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






30. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






31. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






32. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






33. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






34. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






35. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






36. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






37. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






38. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






39. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






40. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






41. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






42. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






43. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






44. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






45. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






46. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






47. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






48. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






49. Permafrost- A frozen soil






50. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!