SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.
Warming; cooling
Active Layer
Radiative Flux
Where rise in OC is greatest
2. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet
air can warm dramatically
Sea-Ice Albedo
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
Warm
3. Number of days that exceed a given temperature
How we measure Mass Balance
Absolute thresholds
Grounding Lines
US and precipitation
4. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)
Arctic Atmosphere
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Permafrost
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
5. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.
Grounding Lines
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
Mass Balance
45%
6. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
In the stratosphere.
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Inversion Layer (feedback)
7. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
8. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.
Surface Mass Balance
Ocean water
7%
Grounding Lines
9. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.
Sublimation
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
Ice Sheets
Sunspots
10. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.
Cloud Feedbacks
Thermokarst
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
Grounding v Surface Melting
11. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.
Affect Floods and Droughts
The Ozone Hole
Negative
Positive feedbacks both found in...
12. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.
Ice Motion
Ice/snow
Thermohaline Circulatoin
Ice shelf
13. Total absorbed solar radiation
Active Layer
Surface Mass Balance
70%
Time Variable Gravity
14. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.
Agricultural Drought
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Dynamic thinning
15. Cooler water and drought conditions.
Arctic Atmosphere
Inversion Layer Summer
La Nia
50%
16. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.
Heat wave
Ice Discharge
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
17. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.
reduction in sea-ice
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Ozone Hole
75-OC
18. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
Precipitation and High Latitudes
1 m/yr; 10x
19. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
IPCC
air can warm dramatically
20. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.
Energy Budget
Surface Mass Balance
Indirect heat wave effect
Hydrological Drought
21. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.
Monthly maximums and minimums
Ozone
In the stratosphere.
Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere Interaction
22. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs
Talik
Sunspots
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
All Greenhouse gases
23. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor
Affect Floods and Droughts
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
Infrared radiation
air can warm dramatically
24. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.
Ice Shelf
Climate Change in the Arctic
Surface Mass Balance
% of Greenhouse Gases
25. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)
El Nio is in the coasts of...
The Ozone Hole
Heat Source and Pressure
Ice-Ocean Interactions
26. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation
Dry
Thermokarst
Positive
Radiative Flux
27. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface
Ice shelf
Inversion Layer Winter
Grounding v Surface Melting
Archimedes' Principle
28. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface
Altimetry
Rainy
50%
El Nio is in the coasts of...
29. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.
Thinner atmosphere
Altimetry Pros
Depth v Surface
Energy Budget
30. Melting Point decreases
.75OC/km-1
The Ozone Hole
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Questions to think about
31. How often does El Nio occur?
Atmospheric Structure
Rainy
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
Once every 4 years.
32. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.
Atmospheric Circulation
Calving
Ice Discharge
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
33. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.
Sea Ice
Percentile departures
Severe coastal erosion
El Nio is in the coasts of...
34. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount
Types of Albedo
Surface Mass Balance
Meteorological Drought
30%
35. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.
Today melting ice
Air pollution
Very small portion
Grounding Lines
36. Less frequent and weaker
winter
Inversion Layer Summer
Surface Mass Balance
Climate Change in the Arctic
37. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or
Radiative Forcing
El Nino
Thermohaline Circulatoin
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
38. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.
Warm
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
20%
Affect Floods and Droughts
39. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
Antarctica
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Infrared radiation
40. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Surface Mass Balance
Surface Mass Balance
Mass Budget
41. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere
Very small portion
Ice Sheets
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Carbon Dioxide
42. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.
US and precipitation
Permafrost
Ice/snow
Melt
43. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.
Global warming and hot nights?
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
44. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:
Radiative Forcing
Active Layer
Thermohaline Circulation
Monthly maximums and minimums
45. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
Surface Mass Balance
25%
summer
46. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already
All Greenhouse gases
30%
Today melting ice
30%
47. The Earth emits this.
45%
Wetter; drier
Longwave Radiation
Through talik
48. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!
Arctic Atmosphere
Ocean water
How to define a heatwave
Mass Balance
49. 85%
Cloud Feedbacks
Thermokarst
Thermokarst Lake
Sea-Ice Albedo
50. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.
Mass Balance
Surface Mass Balance
Sea Ice
Once every 4 years.