Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






2. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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3. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






4. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






5. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






6. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






7. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






8. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






9. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






10. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






11. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






12. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






13. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






14. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






15. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






16. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






17. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






18. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






19. The amount of light reflected by an object.






20. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






21. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






22. 240 w/m squared






23. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






24. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






25. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






26. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






27. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






28. Ocean retains ____ CO2






29. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






30. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






31. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






32. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






33. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






34. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






35. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






36. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






37. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






38. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






39. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






40. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






41. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






42. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






43. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






44. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






45. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






46. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






47. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






48. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






49. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






50. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface