Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






2. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






3. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






4. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






5. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






6. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






7. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






8. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






9. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






10. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






11. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






12. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






13. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






14. How much is the planet really warming?






15. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






16. Really measures volume.






17. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






18. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






19. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






20. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






21. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






22. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






23. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






24. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






25. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






26. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






27. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






28. Cooler water and drought conditions.






29. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






30. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






31. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






32. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






33. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






34. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






35. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






36. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






37. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






38. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






39. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






40. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






41. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






42. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






43. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






44. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






45. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






46. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






47. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






48. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






49. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






50. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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