Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






2. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






3. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






4. How much is the planet really warming?






5. Less frequent and weaker






6. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






7. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






8. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






9. Really measures volume.






10. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






11. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






12. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






13. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






14. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






15. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






16. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






17. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






18. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






19. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






20. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






21. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






22. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






23. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






24. How often does El Nio occur?






25. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






26. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






27. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






28. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






29. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






30. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






31. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






32. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






33. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






34. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






35. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






36. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






37. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






38. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






39. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






40. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






41. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






42. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






43. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






44. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






45. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






46. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






47. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






48. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






49. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






50. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet