Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






2. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






3. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






4. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






5. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






6. Really measures volume.






7. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






8. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






9. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






10. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






11. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






12. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






13. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






14. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






15. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






16. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






17. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






18. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






19. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






20. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






21. Amount of light absorbed by surface






22. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






23. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






24. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






25. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






26. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






27. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






28. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






29. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






30. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






31. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






32. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






33. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






34. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






35. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






36. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






37. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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38. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






39. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






40. How often does El Nio occur?






41. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






42. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






43. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






44. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






45. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






46. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






47. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






48. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






49. High vs low






50. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.







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