Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






2. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






3. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






4. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






5. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






6. 240 w/m squared






7. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






8. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






9. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






10. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






11. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






12. Amount of light absorbed by surface






13. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






14. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






15. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






16. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






17. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






18. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






19. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






20. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






21. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






22. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






23. How often does El Nio occur?






24. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






25. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






26. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






27. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






28. Cooler water and drought conditions.






29. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






30. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






31. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






32. High vs low






33. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






34. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






35. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






36. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






37. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






38. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






39. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






40. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






41. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






42. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






43. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






44. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






45. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






46. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






47. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






48. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






49. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






50. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.