Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Amount of light absorbed by surface






2. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






3. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






4. Really measures volume.






5. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






6. Melting Point decreases






7. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






8. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






9. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






10. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






11. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






12. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






13. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






14. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






15. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






16. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






17. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






18. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






19. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






20. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






21. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






22. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






23. High vs low






24. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






25. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






26. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






27. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






28. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






29. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






30. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






31. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






32. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






33. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






34. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






35. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






36. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






37. Total absorbed solar radiation






38. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






39. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






40. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






41. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






42. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






43. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






44. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






45. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






46. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






47. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






48. 240 w/m squared






49. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






50. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation