Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






2. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






3. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






4. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






5. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






6. More common






7. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






8. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






9. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






10. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






11. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






12. 85%






13. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






14. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






15. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






16. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






17. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






18. Where does the ozone protect us?






19. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






20. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






21. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






22. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






23. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






24. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






25. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






26. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






27. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






28. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






29. Really measures volume.






30. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






31. Ocean retains ____ CO2






32. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






33. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






34. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






35. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






36. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






37. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






38. Amount of light absorbed by surface






39. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






40. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






41. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






42. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






43. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






44. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






45. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






46. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






47. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






48. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






49. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






50. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.