Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ocean retains ____ CO2






2. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






3. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






4. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






5. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






6. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






7. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






8. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






9. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






10. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






11. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






12. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






13. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






14. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






15. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






16. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






17. 85%






18. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






19. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






20. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






21. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






22. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






23. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






24. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






25. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






26. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






27. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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28. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






29. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






30. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






31. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






32. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






33. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






34. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






35. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






36. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






37. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






38. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






39. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






40. How much is the planet really warming?






41. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






42. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






43. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






44. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






45. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






46. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






47. Really measures volume.






48. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






49. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






50. Permafrost- A frozen soil