Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






2. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






3. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






4. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






5. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






6. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






7. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






8. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






9. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






10. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






11. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






12. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






13. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






14. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






15. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






16. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






17. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






18. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






19. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






20. Measures input and output.






21. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






22. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






23. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






24. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






25. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






26. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






27. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






28. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






29. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






30. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






31. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






32. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






33. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






34. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






35. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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36. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






37. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






38. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






39. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






40. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






41. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






42. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






43. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






44. Total absorbed solar radiation






45. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






46. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






47. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






48. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






49. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






50. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.