Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






2. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






3. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






4. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






5. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






6. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






7. Ocean retains ____ CO2






8. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






9. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






10. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






11. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






12. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






13. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






14. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






15. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






16. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






17. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






18. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






19. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






20. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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21. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






22. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






23. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






24. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






25. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






26. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






27. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






28. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






29. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






30. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






31. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






32. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






33. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






34. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






35. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






36. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






37. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






38. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






39. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






40. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






41. High vs low






42. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






43. More common






44. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






45. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






46. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






47. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






48. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






49. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






50. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.