Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






2. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






3. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






4. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






5. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






6. Permafrost- A frozen soil






7. Melting Point decreases






8. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






9. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






10. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






11. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






12. Amount of light absorbed by surface






13. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






14. High vs low






15. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






16. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






17. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






18. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






19. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






20. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






21. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






22. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






23. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






24. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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25. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






26. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






27. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






28. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






29. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






30. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






31. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






32. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






33. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






34. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






35. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






36. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






37. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






38. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






39. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






40. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






41. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






42. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






43. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






44. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






45. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






46. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






47. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






48. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






49. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






50. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.