Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






2. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






3. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






4. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






5. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






6. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






7. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






8. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






9. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






10. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






11. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






12. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






13. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






14. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






15. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






16. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






17. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






18. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






19. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






20. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






21. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






22. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






23. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






24. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






25. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






26. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






27. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






28. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






29. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






30. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






31. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






32. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






33. Amount of light absorbed by surface






34. Measures input and output.






35. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






36. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






37. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






38. Really measures volume.






39. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






40. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






41. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






42. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






43. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






44. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






45. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






46. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






47. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






48. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






49. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






50. More common