Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






2. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






3. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






4. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






5. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






6. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






7. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






8. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






9. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






10. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






11. 240 w/m squared






12. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






13. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






14. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






15. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






16. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






17. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






18. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






19. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






20. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






21. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






22. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






23. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






24. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






25. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






26. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






27. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






28. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






29. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






30. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






31. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






32. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






33. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






34. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






35. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






36. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






37. How often does El Nio occur?






38. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






39. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






40. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






41. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






42. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






43. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






44. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






45. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






46. Where does the ozone protect us?






47. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






48. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






49. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






50. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere