Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






2. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






3. Melting Point decreases






4. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






5. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






6. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






7. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






8. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






9. Measures input and output.






10. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






11. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






12. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






13. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






14. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






15. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






16. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






17. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






18. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






19. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






20. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






21. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






22. How much is the planet really warming?






23. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






24. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






25. Total absorbed solar radiation






26. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






27. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






28. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






29. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






30. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






31. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






32. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






33. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






34. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






35. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






36. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






37. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






38. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






39. Ocean retains ____ CO2






40. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






41. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






42. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






43. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






44. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






45. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






46. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






47. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






48. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






49. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






50. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.