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Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






2. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






3. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






4. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






5. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






6. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






7. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






8. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






9. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






10. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






11. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






12. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






13. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






14. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






15. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






16. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






17. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






18. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






19. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






20. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






21. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






22. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






23. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






24. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






25. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






26. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






27. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






28. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






29. Amount of light absorbed by surface






30. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






31. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






32. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






33. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






34. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






35. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






36. How much is the planet really warming?






37. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






38. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






39. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






40. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






41. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






42. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






43. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






44. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






45. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






46. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






47. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






48. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






49. How often does El Nio occur?






50. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.







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