Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






2. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






3. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






4. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






5. High vs low






6. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






7. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






8. Cooler water and drought conditions.






9. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






10. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






11. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






12. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






13. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






14. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






15. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






16. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






17. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






18. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






19. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






20. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






21. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






22. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






23. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






24. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






25. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






26. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






27. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






28. Amount of light absorbed by surface






29. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






30. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






31. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






32. Ocean retains ____ CO2






33. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






34. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






35. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






36. Where does the ozone protect us?






37. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






38. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






39. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






40. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






41. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






42. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






43. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






44. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






45. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






46. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






47. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






48. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






49. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






50. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.







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