Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






2. Ocean retains ____ CO2






3. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






4. Measures input and output.






5. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






6. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






7. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






8. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






9. Really measures volume.






10. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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11. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






12. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






13. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






14. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






15. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






16. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






17. Total absorbed solar radiation






18. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






19. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






20. Permafrost- A frozen soil






21. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






22. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






23. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






24. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






25. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






26. 240 w/m squared






27. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






28. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






29. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






30. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






31. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






32. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






33. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






34. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






35. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






36. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






37. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






38. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






39. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






40. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






41. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






42. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






43. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






44. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






45. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






46. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






47. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






48. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






49. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






50. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.