Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Amount of light absorbed by surface






2. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






3. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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4. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






5. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






6. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






7. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






8. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






9. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






10. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






11. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






12. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






13. Cooler water and drought conditions.






14. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






15. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






16. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






17. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






18. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






19. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






20. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






21. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






22. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






23. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






24. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






25. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






26. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






27. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






28. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






29. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






30. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






31. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






32. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






33. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






34. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






35. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






36. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






37. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






38. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






39. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






40. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






41. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






42. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






43. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






44. The amount of light reflected by an object.






45. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






46. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






47. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






48. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






49. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






50. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.