Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






2. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






3. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






4. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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5. High vs low






6. The amount of light reflected by an object.






7. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






8. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






9. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






10. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






11. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






12. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






13. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






14. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






15. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






16. Less frequent and weaker






17. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






18. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






19. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






20. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






21. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






22. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






23. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






24. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






25. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






26. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






27. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






28. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






29. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






30. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






31. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






32. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






33. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






34. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






35. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






36. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






37. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






38. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






39. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






40. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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41. Amount of light absorbed by surface






42. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






43. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






44. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






45. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






46. Where does the ozone protect us?






47. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






48. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






49. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






50. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate