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Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






2. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






3. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






4. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






5. Set up in 1988 by WMO and UNEP.






6. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






7. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






8. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






9. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






10. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






11. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






12. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






13. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






14. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






15. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






16. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.






17. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






18. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






19. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






20. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






21. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






22. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






23. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






24. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






25. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






26. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






27. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






28. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






29. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






30. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






31. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






32. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






33. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






34. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






35. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






36. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






37. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






38. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






39. Really measures volume.






40. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






41. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






42. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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43. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






44. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






45. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






46. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'






47. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






48. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






49. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






50. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.







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