Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






2. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






3. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






4. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






5. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






6. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






7. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






8. Melting Point decreases






9. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






10. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






11. More common






12. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






13. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






14. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






15. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






16. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






17. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






18. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






19. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






20. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






21. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






22. Less frequent and weaker






23. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






24. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






25. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






26. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






27. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






28. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






29. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






30. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.






31. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






32. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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33. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






34. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






35. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






36. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






37. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






38. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






39. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






40. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






41. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






42. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






43. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






44. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






45. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






46. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






47. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






48. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






49. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






50. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.