Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






2. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






3. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






4. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






5. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






6. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






7. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






8. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






9. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






10. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






11. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






12. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






13. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






14. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






15. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






16. Ocean retains ____ CO2






17. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






18. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






19. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






20. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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21. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






22. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






23. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






24. How often does El Nio occur?






25. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






26. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






27. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






28. The Earth emits this.






29. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






30. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






31. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






32. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






33. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






34. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






35. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






36. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






37. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






38. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






39. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






40. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






41. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






42. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






43. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






44. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






45. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






46. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






47. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






48. Where does the ozone protect us?






49. Permafrost- A frozen soil






50. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.