Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






2. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






3. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






4. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.






5. 85%






6. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






7. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






8. Where does the ozone protect us?






9. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






10. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






11. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






12. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






13. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






14. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






15. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






16. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






17. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






18. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






19. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






20. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






21. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






22. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






23. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






24. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






25. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






26. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






27. Total absorbed solar radiation






28. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






29. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






30. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






31. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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32. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






33. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






34. Cooler water and drought conditions.






35. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






36. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






37. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






38. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






39. More common






40. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






41. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






42. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






43. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






44. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






45. Ocean retains ____ CO2






46. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






47. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






48. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






49. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






50. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG