Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






2. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






3. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






4. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






5. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






6. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






7. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






8. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






9. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






10. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






11. How much is the planet really warming?






12. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






13. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






14. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






15. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






16. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






17. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






18. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






19. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






20. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






21. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






22. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






23. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






24. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






25. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






26. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






27. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






28. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






29. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






30. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






31. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






32. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






33. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






34. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






35. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






36. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






37. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






38. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






39. The amount of light reflected by an object.






40. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






41. Amount of light absorbed by surface






42. 85%






43. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






44. Total absorbed solar radiation






45. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






46. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






47. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






48. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






49. Measures input and output.






50. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward