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Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.
Open talik
Dry
Grounding v Surface Melting
El Nio is in the coasts of...
2. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.
Talik
Ice in the Arctic
IPCC
Indirect heat wave effect
3. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface
45%
Depth v Surface
doubles
Permafrost
4. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates
Dry
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
The cryosphere
Ocean water
5. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.
Sunspots
Dynamic thinning
Global warming and hot nights?
Threshold departures
6. Like weighing oneself on the scale.
Time Variable Gravity
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Ice absorbs
Ozone
7. Measures input and output.
Mass Budget
Permafrost
Precipitation and High Latitudes
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
8. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.
reduction in sea-ice
What effects the density
Indirect heat wave effect
Archimedes' Principle
9. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
% of Greenhouse Gases
Positive feedbacks both found in...
10. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%
Ozone
% of Greenhouse Gases
Methane
Positive
11. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?
IPCC
How to define a heatwave
In the troposphere that we live in.
Negative
12. Ocean retains ____ CO2
25%
Importance of ice sheets
Heat Source and Pressure
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
13. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change
El Nio is in the coasts of...
30%
Monthly maximums and minimums
Importance of ice sheets
14. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount
Closed talik
Arctic Atmosphere
Meteorological Drought
Active Layer
15. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate
Permafrost Degradation
Altimetry Pros
Thinner atmosphere
50%
16. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Radiative Forcing
IPCC
17. How often does El Nio occur?
Dynamic thinning
Sea-Ice Albedo
Once every 4 years.
Albedo
18. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.
Ice Sheets
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
Rainy
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
19. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent
Time Variable Gravity
Antarctica
Ice Motion
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
20. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.
Arctic Atmosphere
Questions to think about
7%
Once every 4 years.
21. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic
Hydrological Drought
winter
The Ozone Hole
Agricultural Drought
22. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.
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23. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere
Atmospheric Structure
Hydrological Drought
Greenhouse Gases
Very small portion
24. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface
30%
Energy Budget
Very small portion
Infrared radiation
25. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -
Active Layer
Where rise in OC is greatest
Calving
Monthly maximums and minimums
26. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates
Sunspots
Ice in the Arctic
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Surface Mass Balance
27. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.
30%
Altimetry (height)
Reduction in sea-ice extent
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
28. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____
Importance of ice sheets
IPCC
Troposphere
Ice shelf
29. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.
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30. In troposphere = greenhouse warming gas - However - most of it is in the stratosphere.
Ozone
.7O Celsius over the past century.
In the troposphere that we live in.
Dynamic thinning
31. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.
Altimetry
Through talik
Thermokarst
air can warm dramatically
32. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.
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33. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.
Arctic Atmosphere
Sunspots
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Albedo
34. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling
30%
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
How we measure Mass Balance
25%
35. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth
Natural Causes of Warming
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
What happens with the Ozone Hole
Atmospheric Structure
36. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover
Today melting ice
Cloud Feedbacks
The cryosphere
Inversion Layer Winter
37. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?
Longwave Radiation
Infrared radiation
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
Monthly maximums and minimums
38. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:
How we measure Mass Balance
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Thermohaline Circulation
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
39. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.
Inversion Layer Winter
Ice Sheets
Permafrost Degradation
20%
40. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG
Sunspots
How we measure Mass Balance
GHG
Thermohaline Circulation
41. Cooler water and drought conditions.
La Nia
Infrared radiation
How talik forms under lakes
Discontinuous
42. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.
Ocean water
50%
Altimetry Pros
Thermohaline Circulatoin
43. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.
air can warm dramatically
Cloud Feedbacks
Radiative Forcing
Air pollution
44. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs
Greenland
Closed talik
All Greenhouse gases
Altimetry Pros
45. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century
Thermohaline Circulation
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Agricultural Drought
46. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.
Inversion Layer Summer
Grounding Lines
Permafrost Degradation
Ozone Hole
47. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Inversion Layer Winter
Reduction in sea-ice extent
Ocean water
48. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Permafrost
Warming; cooling
Albedo
49. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.
Altimetry Pros
Stronger
Ice-Albedo
How talik forms under lakes
50. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%
Inversion Layer (feedback)
Methane
Ocean water
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
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