Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






2. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






3. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






4. Poor resolution (200-400 km) does not allow us to distinguish glaciers and basins.






5. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






6. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






7. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






8. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






9. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






10. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






11. Total absorbed solar radiation






12. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






13. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






14. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






15. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






16. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






17. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






18. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






19. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






20. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






21. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






22. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






23. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






24. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






25. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






26. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






27. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






28. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






29. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






30. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






31. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






32. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






33. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






34. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






35. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere






36. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






37. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






38. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






39. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






40. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






41. The amount of light reflected by an object.






42. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






43. The Earth emits this.






44. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






45. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






46. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






47. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






48. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






49. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






50. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?