Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






2. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






3. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






4. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






5. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






6. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






7. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






8. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






9. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






10. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






11. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






12. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






13. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






14. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






15. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






16. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






17. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






18. The amount of light reflected by an object.






19. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






20. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






21. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






22. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






23. Melting Point decreases






24. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






25. Permafrost- A frozen soil






26. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






27. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






28. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






29. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






30. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






31. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






32. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






33. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






34. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






35. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






36. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






37. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






38. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






39. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






40. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






41. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






42. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






43. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






44. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






45. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






46. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






47. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






48. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






49. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






50. How often does El Nio occur?