SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Less frequent and weaker
Black Carbon
Negative
Warm
Inversion Layer Summer
2. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
Antarctica
Black Carbon
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
3. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.
Rainy
Thinner atmosphere
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
4. Like weighing oneself on the scale.
Today melting ice
Calving
Time Variable Gravity
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
5. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.
Thermokarst Lake
Surface Mass Balance
Sea-Ice Albedo
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
6. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.
Ice loss
Heat Source and Pressure
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Sublimation
7. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Accumulation
Dry
8. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)
Methane
Threshold departures
The Ozone Hole
Monthly maximums and minimums
9. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2
Grounding v Surface Melting
Cloud Feedbacks
Ice/snow
Methane
10. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic
Infrared radiation
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Why the Arctic climate is special
Why ice-albedo feedback is a big deal in the Arctic
11. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.
Thermohaline Circulation
Atmospheric Composition
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
12. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%
Shortwave Length
Albedos of Snow and Ice
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
All Greenhouse gases
13. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.
Positive
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
How to define a heatwave
Precipitation and High Latitudes
14. Ocean retains ____ CO2
25%
Once every 4 years.
Ice Sheets
In the troposphere that we live in.
15. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Normal condition for air
Ice Sheets
16. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Negative
Ice shelf
Agricultural Drought
17. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)
Ice absorbs
75-OC
Questions to think about
Increases - decreases
18. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.
Mass Balance
Ocean water
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
Climate Change in the Arctic
19. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.
Shortwave Length
Radiative Forcing
Thermokarst Lake
Stronger
20. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water
Calving
Melt
50%
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
21. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.
In the stratosphere.
Thermokarst
Ice loss
Active Layer
22. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
Thinner atmosphere
Mass Change
Ice absorbs
23. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water
7%
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
The cryosphere
The Ozone Hole
24. 240 w/m squared
Stronger
Carbon Dioxide
Time Variable Gravity
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
25. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Troposphere
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
26. How often does El Nio occur?
Once every 4 years.
IPCC
Ice absorbs
7%
27. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%
Sublimation
Increases - decreases
Types of Albedo
Mass Balance
28. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
Surface Mass Balance
Atmospheric Composition
Altimetry
29. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.
Sea Ice
Methane
7%
In the troposphere that we live in.
30. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.
Strong
Sunspots
Radiative Flux
Ice Cap
31. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!
How to define a heatwave
Threshold departures
Antarctica
Thermohaline Circulation
32. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
Methane
Ocean water
What happens with the Ozone Hole
33. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...
Ice Sheets
50%
Surface Mass Balance
Absolute thresholds
34. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.
70%
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
La Nia
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
35. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
Atmospheric Composition?
Grounding v Surface Melting
Dynamic thinning
36. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
37. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -
Severe coastal erosion
Ice Discharge
Calving
Ice shelf
38. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
Agricultural Drought
Energy Budget
39. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.
summer
Ice Discharge
Percentile departures
All Greenhouse gases
40. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.
Sunspots
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
Layers of Earth
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
41. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.
Thinner atmosphere
Thermokarst Lake
Severe coastal erosion
Precipitation and High Latitudes
42. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor
Ice Cap
Heat Source and Pressure
Affect Floods and Droughts
Mass Change
43. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.
Threshold departures
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Arctic Atmosphere
44. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second
Radiative Flux
What happens with the Ozone Hole
30%
Average radiative flux reaching the atmosphere
45. A thick - floating slab of freshwater ice extending from coast to coast.
Ice shelf
Active Layer
What happens with the Ozone Hole
20%
46. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)
Affect Floods and Droughts
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Increases - decreases
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
47. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct
Ozone Hole
Earth's tilt
Absolute thresholds
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
48. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
How we measure Mass Balance
Thermohaline Circulatoin
Albedo
49. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.
Increases - decreases
Grounding Lines
Active Layer
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
50. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer
Sea Ice
Agricultural Drought
Mass Change
Closed talik