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Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






2. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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3. The amount of light reflected by an object.






4. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






5. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






6. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






7. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






8. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






9. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






10. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






11. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






12. High vs low






13. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






14. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.






15. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






16. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






17. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






18. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






19. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






20. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






21. Melting Point decreases






22. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






23. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






24. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






25. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






26. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






27. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






28. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






29. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






30. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






31. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






32. Really measures volume.






33. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






34. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






35. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






36. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






37. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






38. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






39. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






40. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.






41. 85%






42. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






43. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






44. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






45. Ocean retains ____ CO2






46. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






47. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






48. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






49. Measures input and output.






50. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.







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