Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






2. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






3. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






4. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






5. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






6. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






7. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






8. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






9. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






10. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






11. Sea ice - Glaciers and Ice sheets - Alaska- ice glaciers - Greenland- ice sheets






12. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






13. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






14. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






15. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






16. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






17. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






18. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






19. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






20. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






21. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






22. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






23. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






24. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






25. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






26. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






27. The Earth emits this.






28. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






29. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






30. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






31. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






32. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






33. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






34. Permafrost- A frozen soil






35. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






36. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






37. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






38. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






39. The amount of light reflected by an object.






40. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






41. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






42. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






43. 240 w/m squared






44. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






45. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






46. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






47. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






48. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






49. Melting Point decreases






50. Really measures volume.