Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






2. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






3. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






4. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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5. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






6. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






7. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






8. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






9. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






10. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






11. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






12. 85%






13. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






14. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






15. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






16. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






17. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






18. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






19. SALTY WATER = MORE DENSE - Maximum density at 4OC - This is why ice melting is a big deal; if the whole circle slows down - Ice bergs are fresh water higher sea level rise.






20. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






21. How often does El Nio occur?






22. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






23. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






24. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






25. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






26. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






27. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






28. Where does the ozone protect us?






29. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






30. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






31. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






32. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






33. The Earth emits this.






34. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






35. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






36. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






37. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






38. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






39. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






40. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






41. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






42. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






43. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






44. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






45. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






46. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






47. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






48. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






49. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






50. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water