SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or
Inversion Layer Winter
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Inversion Layer (feedback)
Meteorological Drought
2. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.
Indirect heat wave effect
Where rise in OC is greatest
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Calving
3. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.
Ice Sheets
Ice Cap
Altimetry Cons
Mass Change
4. CO2 ____ in winter in the NH and ____ decreases during the 'greening season'
summer
Increases - decreases
70%
What effects the density
5. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.
Inversion Layer Winter
Greenhouse Gases
Increases - decreases
Precipitation and High Latitudes
6. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____
Troposphere
Methane
Warming; cooling
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
7. Reduction of snow and ice cover - Changes in atmospheric circulation.
Precipitation and High Latitudes
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
8. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -
Calving
Thermokarst
Layers of Earth
25%
9. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
Meteorological Drought
7%
Shortwave Length
10. Melting Point decreases
.75OC/km-1
Melt
Permafrost Degradation
Ice Shelf
11. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.
air can warm dramatically
Percentile departures
Importance of ice sheets
Sea Ice
12. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.
Calving
Increases - decreases
Archimedes' Principle
Percentile departures
13. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US
Heat wave
Affect Floods and Droughts
Earth's tilt
Wetter; drier
14. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.
Altimetry
Heat Source and Pressure
20%
Layers of Earth
15. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.
Shortwave Length
Arctic Atmosphere
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Surface Mass Balance
16. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface
Ice Discharge
doubles
Methane
GHG
17. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!
Reduction in sea-ice extent
How to define a heatwave
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
Types of Albedo
18. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
Thinner atmosphere
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Climate Change in the Arctic
19. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.
Ice absorbs
Questions to think about
summer
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
20. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.
Atmospheric Circulation
Ice Sheets
Warming; cooling
Surface Mass Balance
21. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface
Grounding v Surface Melting
Greenhouse Gases
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
Positive
22. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation
.75OC/km-1
Inversion Layer Summer
Negative
Active Layer
23. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere
winter
Calving
Normal condition for air
Atmospheric Structure
24. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC
US and precipitation
Earth's tilt
Ice/snow
Increases - decreases
25. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.
Atmospheric Composition?
El Nino
How we measure Mass Balance
Severe coastal erosion
26. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
Absolute thresholds
27. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.
Ice Shelf
Carbon Dioxide
Permafrost Degradation
Inversion Layer (feedback)
28. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
Dynamic thinning
Atmospheric Composition?
20%
29. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!
Ice in the Arctic
Antarctica
Thermohaline Circulation
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
30. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.
Greenhouse Gases
Ice Motion
Air pollution
Sunspots
31. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs
Sea Ice
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
All Greenhouse gases
Meteorological Drought
32. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.
Where rise in OC is greatest
Dry
7%
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
33. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.
Surface Mass Balance
75-OC
Closed talik
Questions to think about
34. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.
Sublimation
The Ozone Hole
Ice-Ocean Interactions
Ice absorbs
35. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air
Mass Change
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
air can warm dramatically
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
36. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
25%
Ice-Albedo
Average radiative flux reaching the atmosphere
37. 240 w/m squared
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
38. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought
Ozone Hole
Mass Balance
Agricultural Drought
Antarctica
39. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
40. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.
Hydrological Drought
Monthly maximums and minimums
Heat Source and Pressure
Why Water Vapor is not a climate forcing
41. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Monthly maximums and minimums
Stronger
El Nio is in the coasts of...
42. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.
Ocean water
Ozone Hole
Thermokarst Lake
Discontinuous
43. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water
Ice Cap
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
Heat wave
Threshold departures
44. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.
Longwave Radiation
Affect Floods and Droughts
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
doubles
45. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
46. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.
Thermohaline Circulation
Dry
Atmospheric Circulation
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
47. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.
Grounding Lines
summer
Cloud Feedbacks
Ice-Ocean Interactions
48. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.
Radiative Flux
Greenhouse Gases
Active Layer
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
49. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.
Reduction in sea-ice extent
Ice-Albedo
Albedo
Severe coastal erosion
50. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.
Surface Mass Balance
Grounding v Surface Melting
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
20%