Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Total absorbed solar radiation






2. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






3. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.






4. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






5. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






6. Cooler water and drought conditions.






7. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






8. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






9. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






10. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






11. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






12. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






13. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






14. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






15. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






16. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.






17. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






18. Measures input and output.






19. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






20. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






21. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






22. High vs low






23. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






24. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






25. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






26. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






27. Less frequent and weaker






28. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






29. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






30. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






31. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






32. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






33. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






34. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






35. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






36. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






37. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






38. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






39. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






40. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






41. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






42. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






43. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






44. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






45. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






46. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






47. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






48. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






49. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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50. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.







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Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?


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