Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






2. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






3. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






4. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






5. Much of the Arctic is overlain by snow and sea ice (land ice and sea ice) - It makes warming a much bigger deal in the Arctic






6. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






7. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






8. Less frequent and weaker






9. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






10. Refers to a body of freshwater - usually shallow - formed in a depression by melt water from thawing permafrost.






11. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






12. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






13. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






14. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






15. A dome shaped cover of perennial ice and snow.






16. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






17. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






18. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






19. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






20. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






21. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






22. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.


23. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






24. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






25. Where does the ozone protect us?






26. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






27. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






28. 240 w/m squared






29. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






30. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






31. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






32. InSAR - +snow/-ice loss - ice dynamics - requires a lot of data.






33. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.


34. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






35. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






36. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






37. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






38. Betts et al found that: if CO-2 __________ this has a physiological effect on plant transpiration increased simulated runoff by 6% b. How? i. More CO2 1. Plants pores open less 2. This reduces transpiration 3. More water in the land surface






39. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






40. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






41. Cooler water and drought conditions.






42. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






43. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






44. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






45. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






46. Industry 40% - Buildings 31% - Transportations 22% - Agriculture 4%






47. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






48. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






49. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






50. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%