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Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






2. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






3. Antarctica - stratosphere - Sep-Oct






4. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






5. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






6. Surface Mass Balance is of the order of _____ melting is ____ times more.






7. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






8. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






9. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






10. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






11. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface






12. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






13. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






14. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






15. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






16. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






17. Ocean retains ____ CO2






18. The amount of light reflected by an object.






19. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






20. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer






21. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.






22. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






23. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface






24. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2






25. Less frequent and weaker






26. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






27. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






28. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






29. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






30. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






31. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






32. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






33. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






34. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






35. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






36. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






37. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2






38. Pollution: heat and sunlight cook the air and the chemical compounds which are in it. This combines with the nitrogen oxide and creates 'smog'. This makes breathing difficult for those with respiratory ailments.






39. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






40. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






41. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






42. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






43. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






44. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






45. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






46. 85%






47. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






48. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






49. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






50. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






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