SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.
Monthly maximums and minimums
Ice Shelf
Increases - decreases
Thermokarst
2. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t
Severe coastal erosion
Surface Mass Balance
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Why the Arctic climate is special
3. Tundra absorbs more energy than ice and snow but less than scrubs and forest - and with those plants migrating towards the north - they will further contribute ot absorb more energy.
30%
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
Sea Ice
Thermohaline Circulation
4. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.
Black Carbon
Ice Sheets
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
Infrared radiation
5. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
Ozone
Greenhouse Gases
Archimedes' Principle
6. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
Inversion Layer (feedback)
Radiative Flux
Discontinuous
7. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%
Types of Albedo
Ice loss
Mass Change
More rain means no drought
8. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air
Albedos of Snow and Ice
Strong
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
9. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?
Affect Floods and Droughts
Time Variable Gravity
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Reduction in sea-ice extent
10. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.
Heat Source and Pressure
Wetter; drier
Rainy
Threshold departures
11. Melting Point decreases
.75OC/km-1
Once every 4 years.
Changes in Arctic sea-ice Extent
Inversion Layer (feedback)
12. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Longwave Radiation
% of Greenhouse Gases
Affect Floods and Droughts
13. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.
Ice Cap
Frozen Soil
Altimetry Cons
Threshold departures
14. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought
Thermohaline Circulatoin
El Nino
Albedos of Snow and Ice
Agricultural Drought
15. Like weighing oneself on the scale.
Time Variable Gravity
Ice in the Arctic
US and precipitation
Ice Sheets
16. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.
Ice Discharge
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
Inversion Layer Summer
Ozone Hole
17. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.
Inversion Layer Summer
Thermokarst
Importance of ice sheets
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
18. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water
Open talik
Indirect heat wave effect
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
19. Atmosphere retains ____ CO2
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Sea Ice
Threshold departures
45%
20. US is responsible for ___ of the total CO2
Archimedes' Principle
Discontinuous
30%
Infrared radiation
21. In average: +1% in respect to 100 years ago.
Arctic Atmosphere
Atmospheric Circulation
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
Absolute thresholds
22. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
IN the last 2 decades what we've seen
Permafrost
More rain means no drought
23. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
24. Amount of light absorbed by surface
Once every 4 years.
50%
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
The Ozone Hole
25. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.
The Ozone Hole
Global warming and hot nights?
Atmospheric Composition
Methane
26. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice
Amount of light actually reaching the Earth
Meteorological Drought
30%
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
27. Sea ice and continental ice. This is caused by Atmospheric warming triggers.
Absolute thresholds
Methane
Positive feedbacks both found in...
Strong
28. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.
The Ozone Hole
Heat Source and Pressure
Talik
Greenland
29. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward
Time Variable Gravity
Ice Sheets
Ice absorbs
Affect Floods and Droughts
30. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.
25%
Sea ice melt does not change sea level
How talik forms under lakes
Where rise in OC is greatest
31. Measures input and output.
Mass Budget
25%
Mass Change
Greenhouse Gases
32. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface
Grounding v Surface Melting
Ice in the Arctic
Melt
summer
33. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)
IPCC
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
La Nia
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
34. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
.7O Celsius over the past century.
Hydrological Drought
Climate Change in the Arctic
35. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US
Inversion Layer Winter
Wetter; drier
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
Rainy
36. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.
Time Variable Gravity
Natural Causes of Warming
Melt
Ocean water
37. 85%
Ice/snow
Stronger
Sea-Ice Albedo
Greenland
38. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.
Questions to think about
Ozone Hole
Ozone
Depth v Surface
39. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house
Thinner atmosphere
Percentile departures
Rainy
Positive feedbacks both found in...
40. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.
Major distinction between Kyoto Protocol and Convention
Affect Floods and Droughts
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Shortwave Length
41. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface
El Nio is in the coasts of...
IPCC
Indirect heat wave effect
Ice/snow
42. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.
30%
Troposphere
Altimetry (height)
Heat wave
43. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -
.75OC/km-1
Normal condition for air
Agricultural Drought
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
44. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water
Threshold departures
Ice loss
Thermohaline Circulation
Sea Ice
45. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -
Altimetry (height)
Surface Mass Balance
Atmospheric Composition?
Calving
46. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent
Antarctica
75-OC
How the cryosphere is affected by climate change
Ice shelf
47. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.
Thermokarst
Open talik
Strong
7%
48. Amount of light absorbed by atmosphere
20%
Stronger
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Why Water Vapor is not a climate forcing
49. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
Affect Floods and Droughts
Ozone Hole
7%
50. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).
Dynamic thinning
How a closed talik forms
El Nino
Natural Causes of Warming