Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






2. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






3. The land-surface configuration that results from the melting of ground ice in a region where permafrost degrades is called Thermokarst.






4. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






5. The Earth emits this.






6. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






7. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






8. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






9. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






10. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






11. 78% nitrogen - 28% oxygen - Greenhouse gases: Have a more complex molecular structure and can absorb and re:radiate heat in all directions.






12. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






13. 240 w/m squared






14. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






15. More common






16. The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer in Antarctica in Springtime (august through October)






17. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






18. Temperature needed to melt at depth is much lower than that needed to melt at the surface.






19. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






20. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






21. Ice flowing from the middle of Greenland to the edges and melting. 90 feet a day- speed that ice is moving.






22. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.






23. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






24. High vs low






25. Really measures volume.






26. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






27. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






28. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






29. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m






30. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






31. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






32. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






33. Water vapor - 36-70% - carbon dioxide - 9-26% - methane - 4-9% - ozone - 3-7%






34. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






35. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






36. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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37. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






38. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






39. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






40. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






41. When meltwater seeps through a flowing glacier - it can lubricate the base and hasten the glacier's seaward flow.






42. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.






43. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






44. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






45. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






46. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






47. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






48. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






49. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






50. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases: