Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






2. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






3. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






4. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.

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5. How often does El Nio occur?






6. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface






7. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






8. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






9. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?






10. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






11. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






12. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.






13. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






14. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






15. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






16. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






17. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






18. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth






19. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






20. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






21. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






22. The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is that while the Convention encouraged industrialized countries to stabilize GHG emissions - the Protocol commits them to do so.






23. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






24. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.






25. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






26. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






27. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






28. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






29. Extent will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean.






30. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet






31. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution






32. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






33. Total absorbed solar radiation






34. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






35. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






36. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






37. High vs low






38. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






39. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






40. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






41. Descending Air dry - Convection cells are wet.






42. 240 w/m squared






43. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






44. Closed talik can develop when lakes fill in with sediment and become deposits of dead plant material (bog).






45. At the bottom of the ice sheets the temperature doesn't necessarily have to be above 0... it could _____ more easily because of the water






46. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






47. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.






48. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






49. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






50. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.