Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






2. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






3. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






4. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






5. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.






6. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






7. Sea ice - Continental ice sheets - Permafrost (frozen soil) - Mountain glaciers - Snow cover






8. If the mean annual air temperature is only slightly below 0 degrees C - permafrost will form only in spots that are sheltered.






9. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






10. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






11. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






12. If the Earth is warmer - are we going to have the Hadley cell stronger or weaker? Hotter = heat rises which increases the circulation.






13. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






14. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






15. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






16. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






17. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






18. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






19. A mass of land ice - continental or sub-continental in extent - and thick enough to cover most of the underlying bedrock topography - If you have a warm ocean - it will melt the ice sheet. Its shape is mainly determined by the dynamics of its outward






20. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






21. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






22. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






23. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...






24. High cloud has a _____ effect and cool cloud has a ____ effect






25. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






26. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






27. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought






28. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

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29. Total absorbed solar radiation






30. CO2 - CH4 - O3 - H2O - N2O - CFCs






31. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






32. Long time series started in the '70s and yielding good data in the '90s - Detects elevation with high accuracy: 10 cm precision (laser) to 1 m (radar) - 2/3 Gravity Surveys (GRACE) - Weighing the total mass every 30 days - Direct monthly estimate






33. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.






34. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.






35. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






36. On a clear cold day - the thin layer of air hugging the ground is called inversion. This layer is much cooler than the air a few hundred meters above it.






37. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates






38. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






39. Where does the ozone protect us?






40. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






41. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






42. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






43. Number of days when temperatures climb above average by a fixed amount.






44. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






45. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






46. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






47. Reduction of Summer Sea- will increase the warming because less energy will be reflected back to the atmosphere by the ice and more will be absorbed by the ocean - Snow and snow covered ice absorb 15% of incident solar energy - Ice absorbs 10% of inc






48. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






49. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.






50. Grace - Tells us how much mass change we have - M - This is the measure of gravity (gives us the mass) - Directly measure mass change - Poor resolution