Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.






2. Soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years - Can be: Terrestrial - Subsea - Can be: Continuous: exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer. More than 90% is frozen - Discontinuous






3. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.






4. Thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands. Risk of flooding in coastal wetlands. Pollution and toxins locked in the snow and ice will be released.






5. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






6. Over the Northern Hemisphere than the tropics.






7. Same as heating an apartment v home - Thinner atmosphere than tropics; warms faster.






8. x7 smaller - 7m total sea level equivalent.






9. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






10. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






11. Where does the ozone protect us?






12. ~10% of incident solar energy (albedo 90)






13. Sea ice extent in Antarctica is rapidly reducing. Seasonal variability. People - Animals and Ice






14. In ________- inversion layer is more common in the Arctic






15. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






16. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






17. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






18. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






19. The high pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting - Melt water being less dense rises along the water column along the ice shelf bottom and may either escape the cavity or refreeze at some intermediate depth. Melting point decreases:






20. South polar vortex - Temperatures drop below 80O Celsius in the lower stratosphere - At these temperatures the chemicals in the stratosphere freeze and form Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCS) - These increase the concentration of CFCs in turn destroyi






21. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






22. Greenhouse gases are a ___ portion of the atmosphere






23. Heat is provided by outside sources that flow down the continental slope to reach the deepest part of the glacier. High pressure decreases the melting point and favors melting.






24. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?






25. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






26. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






27. 240 w/m squared






28. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2






29. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






30. Less frequent and weaker






31. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






32. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






33. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.






34. Rain is getting harder and the rain is lasting longer since the past couple of decades and will continue for that amount.






35. Changes in the Earth's solar radiation levels can impact the climate. Shortterm warming cycles on Earth.






36. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






37. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






38. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






39. O Unfrozen soil that stays within the permafrost.






40. The Day After Tomorrow - Circulation will slow by 10% to 50% in the next century






41. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






42. 1.4 USA - 57 m total sea level equivalent






43. Industrial product - 300 ppb (parts per billion)






44. Cooler water and drought conditions.






45. The difference between the incoming radiation energy and the outgoing radiation energy - A measure of the net energy.






46. Rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






47. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






48. They saw a massive thinning of the ice where it enters into the ocean - This is due to the pronounced melting of the ice once it is in contact with the ocean. Melt rates of 25 m/year near the grounding lines and more than 10 m/year on average.






49. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.

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50. he increase of ozone concentration in the atmosphere helps ____ our planet