SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Global Warming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
literacy
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forms in a mosaic of favoured locations.
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
The cryosphere
Accumulation
Heat Source and Pressure
2. Volcanic eruptions - Sunspots - Wobbly Earth
Natural Causes of Warming
7%
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
What happens with the Ozone Hole
3. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface
Precipitation and High Latitudes
Shortwave Length
Energy Budget
Permafrost
4. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
5. The large-scale ocean circulation that moves water between the deep and surface ocean which effects salinity and temperature change - Supplies heat to the polar-regions.
Earth's tilt
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
Average radiative flux reaching the atmosphere
Ice Shelf
6. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.
75-OC
Atmospheric Composition?
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
In the troposphere that we live in.
7. Ozone layer in high stratosphere (25-40 km altitude) absorbs about 95-99% of ultraviolet radiation.
Types of Albedo
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
8. What can cause a change in the Earth's climate balance?
Antarctica
Grounding Lines
Open talik
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
9. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC
Ice Discharge
Ice/snow
Greenhouse Gases
Where rise in OC is greatest
10. 1. We live in troposphere. Greenhouse gases here warm up the Earth 2. Above stratosphere. The ozone in this layer protects us.
Layers of Earth
Very small portion
Absolute thresholds
Sea Ice Extent is Changing in Antarctica as well
11. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.
Accumulation
Talik
Grounding Lines
Ice absorbs
12. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water
Thermohaline Circulation
Affect Floods and Droughts
Albedos of Snow and Ice
Questions to think about
13. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.
Normal condition for air
Cause of break of inversion layers or decrease in frequency
Black Carbon
Methane
14. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.
Percentile departures
Indirect heat wave effect
Ocean water
Once every 4 years.
15. Frozen +2 years - Few centimeters to 1500 m
Permafrost
Natural Causes of Warming
The Ozone Hole
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
16. Radiation that comes from the Sun - Visible light - 'near infrared' - ultraviolet radiation.
Shortwave Length
Albedo
Methane
Grounding v Surface Melting
17. Occurs when there is not enough water available for a particular crop to grow at a particular time.Typically seen after!meteorological drought (when rainfall decreases) but before a hydrological drought
Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere Interaction
Agricultural Drought
Grounding Lines
.75OC/km-1
18. Forms from frozen ocean water - Floats on the ocean surface - Grows over the winter - melts in the summer
Sea Ice
Inversion Layer (feedback)
In the Arctic where the air is cooler
Greenland
19. Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location: most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates
Arctic Atmosphere
Dry
Effect of Deforestation on CO-2
7%
20. Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central pacific - Causes irregular warming in sea surface
Dynamic thinning
Altimetry
El Nio is in the coasts of...
Ice Sheets
21. Holds unique and key information - Are highly interconnected - Respond and drive climate change - Are the largest freshwater reservoirs of the planet - Ice cores tell us that in climate records - nothing is regular and ice sheet plays major role.
Ice Sheets
reduction in sea-ice
Ozone Hole
The Ozone Hole
22. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t
Why the Arctic climate is special
Thermohaline Circulation Effect
Thermohaline Circulatoin
Ice Sheets
23. The warmer the temperature - the deeper the active layer - thaws and refreezes every year - Permafrost below freezing for two or more years.
Dry
Active Layer
Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
70%
24. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation
Warming; cooling
Through talik
70%
Positive
25. Average molecular life span is less than 10 years - Major sources: Wetlands and oceans - Raising cattle and landfills.
Black Carbon
Antarctica
Methane
Ocean water
26. 10 : 1 - grounding ; surface
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Accumulation
Grounding v Surface Melting
Snow and snow covered ice absorb
27. Most of the deserts are around 30 N and 30 S - where sinking air predominates
Ice shelf
Change in vegetation generates a further feedback
Some regions of the Earth have warmed faster than other regions.
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
28. Radiation absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases?
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
How a closed talik forms
Methane
Negative Ice-Albedo Feedback
29. The transition of a substance from the solid phase directly to the vapor phase - or vice versa - without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.
Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite
Sublimation
75-OC
All Greenhouse gases
30. Higher temperature increases atmospheric water vapor @ global scale more water vapor in the air that causes nights to stay warmer.
Active Layer
Global warming and hot nights?
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
Thermokarst Lake
31. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density
Layers of Earth
Contributions to CO2 from different activities
Altimetry (height)
Rainy
32. Mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation-evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc...
How a closed talik forms
Melt
Altimetry (height)
Surface Mass Balance
33. The past climate...for this reason - both keep good records of climate change.
Stronger
Some parts of the planet are dry because of their location
Greenland
Thickness of the active layer and the permafrost depend on this
34. High vs low
Longwave Radiation
Cloud Feedbacks
Radiative Flux
Closed talik
35. 23 -45 degrees. The Larger the tilt the larger the variability of the seasons.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
36. How much is the planet really warming?
.7O Celsius over the past century.
45%
Today melting ice
Dry
37. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.
Grounding v Surface Melting
Inversion Layer Summer
Altimetry Cons
Surface Mass Balance
38. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already
Sublimation
45%
Ice Sheets
Today melting ice
39. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.
doubles
Ozone Hole
Where rise in OC is greatest
30%
40. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG
70%
Discontinuous Permafrosrt
GHG
Shortwave Length
41. The last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves.
.7O Celsius over the past century.
Increases - decreases
Grounding Lines
Active Layer
42. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost
7%
70%
Closed talik
Atmospheric Circulation
43. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor
Affect Floods and Droughts
45%
How to define a heatwave
Is precipitation around the world increasing?
44. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling
Ocean water
Ice-Albedo
How we measure Mass Balance
Ice absorbs
45. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.
How we measure Mass Balance
Severe coastal erosion
Active Layer
Climate Change in the Arctic
46. 85%
Ice absorbs
How talik forms under lakes
Thermohaline Circulation
Sea-Ice Albedo
47. An area of unfrozen ground that is open to the ground surface but otherwise enclosed in permafrost.
Open talik
Discontinuous
Thermohaline Circulation
How a closed talik forms
48. Like weighing oneself on the scale.
Inversion Layer Winter
Increases - decreases
Time Variable Gravity
summer
49. Taliks are found under lakes because of the ability of water to store and vertically transfer heat energy - Vertical extent of the taliks found under lakes is related to the depth and volume of the overlying water body.
15 percent (70% is not reflected but radiated to space from clouds - atmosphere - and Earth.)
How talik forms under lakes
Inversion Layer (feedback)
Severe coastal erosion
50. 342 W/m squared - DWEC - These things reflect sunlight (30%): water vapor - clouds - dust particles - earth's surface
1 m/yr; 10x
Increase in the amount of water vapor or cloud vapor - Volcanic eruptions
Active Layer
Average radiative flux reaching the atmosphere