Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Low clouds are a ____ feedback; they will reflect more sunlight. Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






2. 1. They are the largest contributor to sea level rise 2. Can affect the thermohaline circulation (mainly in Greenland) 3. Are directly connected to climate change






3. Measures input and output.






4. The amount of light reflected by an object.






5. The air can hold less water vapor - Consequently - less water can be evaporated in the air - and only a small portion of energy is used in this process - Most of the energy that reaches the Arctic goes directly into warming the air






6. Land Based Ecosystems retain ____ CO2.






7. Help darkens the snow and ice surface - increasing the amount of energy that is absorbed.






8. Top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during autumn. - Between 1 and 3 m thick.






9. Is best viewed as a combination of...- Natural Variability - Associated with atmospheric circulation patterns - Growing Radiative Forcing - Associated with rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases - Strongly suggests a human influence.






10. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






11. Less frequent and weaker






12. Massive cooldown has allowed colder conditions to persist leading to cfcs stabilizing leading to ozone depletion. Later - more warming will lead to more moisture in the air which will lead to more snowfall!






13. The heat input is either driven by the 1- thermohaline circulation associated with sea ice formation. The direct influx of intermediate warmth water.






14. Ice sheets have a very ____ Albedo






15. High clouds are a ____ feedback; larger greenhouse warming - Clouds reflect shortwave radiation but also absorb longwave radiation






16. This is the total mass change - difference between input and outputs—snow accumulation-ablation.






17. Water vapor means more water up in the clouds and less in the ground!






18. Absolute thresholds - Monthly maximums and minimums - Threshold departures - Percentile departure - Atmospheric Water Vapor: More water vapor in the air - warmer nights!






19. Is unfrozen ground that is exposed to the ground surface and to a larger mass of unfrozen ground beneath it.






20. Precipitation extremes appear to generally increase across the planet at especially high latitudes.






21. All processes that add snow or ice to a glacier or to flowing ice or snow cover.






22. A climate forcing agent formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels - biofuel - and biomass; emitted both anthropogenic:ally and naturally.






23. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






24. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






25. Where do greenhouse gases warm up the Earth?






26. Floating extensions are ice shelves - rivers of ice are ice streams or outlet glaciers - the junctions with the ocean are called the grounding line.






27. Arctic troposphere is thinner (8-10 km) than the tropics...The depth of the atmospheric layer is much shallower in the Arctic - It takes less energy to warm the Arctic rather than the Tropics - Same as heating an apartment vs. a house






28. Melting Point decreases






29. Climate models suggest once the sea ice cover is thinned sufficiently - a strong kick from natural variability could initiate a rapid slide towards ice-free conditions in the summer.






30. High vs low






31. Longwave radiation - any radiation with a long wave will heat up quickly.






32. How often does El Nio occur?






33. Number of days that land among the hottest of all days in that month's long-term record.






34. Trade winds blow from East to West - Pool of warm water in the west - Meanwhile deep colder water rises up in the Eastern Pacific - The sea level is ~ 50-60 cm higher in Western Pacific (Indonesia) than in the Eastern Pacific (South America/Peru) -






35. Greenhouse gases are mixed in the ____






36. Ice melting rapidly? What type causes sea level to rise? What have been the main contributors to sea level rise so far? What are the impacts of melting ice? - On nature - On humans






37. The order of 1 m/year. Melting is ten times more.






38. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






39. Like weighing oneself on the scale.






40. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






41. Over the past century what has happened to the Earth's temperature?






42. Slow steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of Earth's stratospheric ozone.






43. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






44. Prolonged period of excessively hot weather - Which may be accompanied by high humidity.






45. Under higher pressure the melting point decreases ____ - The pressure comes from the weight of the ice shelf.






46. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






47. Wet gets _____ - dry gets ____ - Wet - 50ON (sub polar) Canada - N Europe - Russia - Tropical area- monsoon (rainforest) - Drier - Subtropics - Australia - S. Africa - Mediterranean - Caribbean - Mexico - SW US






48. Nitrogen (N2 78%) and Oxygen (O2 21%) - Their linear 2 atom molecular structure






49. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






50. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water