Test your basic knowledge |

Global Warming

Subjects : literacy, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to the irregular warming in the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) from the coasts of Peru and Ecuador to the equatorial central Pacific - the Southern Oscillation






2. Deep tropics between 15O N and 15 O S are quite rainy on yearly average. In these regions - rising air predominates.






3. Unfrozen ground that is found within a mass of permafrost






4. Ocean retains ____ CO2






5. Laser radar - H V - Long time series - high accuracy - Density






6. Is not an externally imposed perturbation to the climate system.






7. 1. Keeps the ocean and the earth cooler 2. Coastal impacts of ice: prevents waves from eroding coastlines and protects from storms. 3. Ecological importance of ice: a. Most visibly for the many fish - birds - and mammal species that live in - on - or






8. Troposphere - Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) - Mesosphere - Ionosphere






9. 240 w/m squared






10. Pockets of ice in the topmost permafrost caused by thawing which create an underground lake.






11. 1. Land usage changes 2. Seasonal timing 3. Rising CO2 levels may be a factor






12. SMB- mass balance due to processes that affect the surface of the ice sheet. Precipitation- evapotranspiration-runoff-blowing snow etc.






13. 85%






14. Arctic warms faster than other parts of the globe in response to a given increase in greenhouse gasses - More direct route to warming - In the Arctic a greater fraction of any increase in radiation absorbed by the surface goes directly into warming t






15. Warming- positive feedback - Cooling- negative feedback.






16. Grounding line is the last portion of a glacier grounded to bedrock - after this line there are ice shelves - Glaciers contribute to sea level rise after passing the grounding line - Maximum thinning at grounding line.






17. How often does El Nio occur?






18. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






19. Amount of light absorbed by surface






20. Total absorbed solar radiation






21. LW - SW - 55% absorbed by surface






22. Hydrological drought is associated with the effect of low rainfall on water levels in rivers -!reservoirs -!lakes and aquifers.






23. Carbon dioxide - Methane - Ozone - Water Vapor - Few others - Most ___________________ are mixed in the troposphere (Except water vapor) - Water vapor is concentrated closer to the ground.






24. By contrast reflects only about 7% of solar radiation (Albedo~7%) - absorbing 93%.






25. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.


26. CO2 GHG forcing - H2O - dominant/major GHG






27. Number of days that exceed a given temperature






28. Atmospheric Cooling - Both negative (stabilizing) feedbacks - It is not happening now - but it has happened in the past - Ice-albedo feedback was the dominant feedback during the ice ages.






29. Concentration of 380 ppmv - Have risen about 40% - Preindustrial~ 270~280 ppmv






30. Summer increase in cloud cover - Winter decrease in cloud cover.


31. In _______ - the inversions are less frequent and weaker in the Arctic.






32. O Climate change in the Arctic is occurring now - Changes have been huge already






33. Changes over time in the highest and lowest single temperature observed during a given month of the year.






34. Due to a set of mutually reinforcing processes - climate change appears to be progressing in the arctic more quickly than in any other region on Earth.






35. Just remember the general direction of the circulation - Rising northern pacific. You start in between Greenland and Europe (youngest water) - Oldest water is in the Pacific Ocean - Salty water> fresh water - Cold Water > Warm Water






36. When inversion breaks up _______________. - Consequently - anything that breaks inversions or makes them form less often could produce major ground level warming.






37. A naturally or artificially caused decrease in the thickness and/or areal extent of permafrost - It is caused by the deepening fo the active layer and the thawing of the adjacent permafrost.






38. ~15% of incident solar energy (albedo 85)






39. Is defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some 'normal' or average amount






40. Precipitation intensity will rise ___ for every 1 OC of warming.






41. Positive Albedo Feedback - increase in temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo increases temperature melts ice and snow reduces albedo... ETC






42. 20% human produced CO2 emissions. Tropical forests hold around 50% of the carbon present in vegetation on Earth.






43. 1. Altimetry survey 2. Time-variable gravity 3. Ice motion + Regional Climate Modeling






44. O The amount of energy moving in the form of photons or other elementary particles at a certain distance from the source per unit of area per second. Area/second






45. Melting Point decreases






46. Fresh snow and snow-covered sea ice may have an albedo higher than 80% - even when melting in the summer. Sea ice has a higher albedo and can absorb as little as 10% of the solar energy. On average - sea ice albedo is around 85%






47. Clouds 40~90% - Vegetation 10~15%






48. Same amount of H2O - Mass does not change - Density of ice < density of water - Volume of ice > volume of water






49. A process whereby slabs of ice at the glacier margin mechanically fracture and detach from the main ice mass -






50. 2ppm of the atmosphere - less than 20% of greenhouse gases - 1/3 greenhouse gases effect of CO2