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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






2. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






3. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






4. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






5. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






6. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






7. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






8. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome

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9. Circular and double stranded






10. Isoelectric point and MW






11. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






12. RNA protein-complex






13. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis






14. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






15. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






16. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






17. FAD-2 - NADP-3






18. 1e-14






19. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






20. Can serve as a primer

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21. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






22. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






23. Gene duplication






24. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






25. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






26. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






27. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






28. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






29. Repeated replication w/o cell division






30. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






31. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






32. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






33. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






34. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






35. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






36. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






37. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






38. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






39. Gene has multiple effects






40. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






41. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






42. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






43. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






44. Do not contain F factor






45. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






46. Enter cells freely






47. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






48. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






49. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






50. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.