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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






2. Enter cells freely






3. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






4. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






5. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






6. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






7. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






8. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






9. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






10. Isoelectric point and MW






11. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






12. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






13. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






14. Gene duplication






15. PKa = pH






16. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






17. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






18. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






19. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






20. Measures physical base pair distance






21. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






22. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






23. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






24. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






25. RNA protein-complex






26. FAD-2 - NADP-3






27. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






28. Can serve as a primer

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29. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






30. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






31. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






32. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






33. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






34. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






35. MRNA






36. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






37. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






38. Derived from golgi vesicles






39. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






40. Do not contain F factor






41. Gene has multiple effects






42. Krebs cycle enzyme






43. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






44. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






45. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






46. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






47. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






48. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






49. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






50. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols