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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






2. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






3. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






4. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






5. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis






6. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






7. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






8. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






9. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






10. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






11. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






12. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






13. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






14. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






15. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






16. Measures physical base pair distance






17. Isoelectric point and MW






18. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






19. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






20. Do not contain F factor






21. Gene has multiple effects






22. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome

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23. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






24. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






25. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






26. Can serve as a primer

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27. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






28. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






29. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






30. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






31. Gene duplication






32. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






33. Only one carbon center is changed






34. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






35. Enter cells freely






36. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






37. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






38. Krebs cycle enzyme






39. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






40. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






41. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






42. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






43. Circular and double stranded






44. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






45. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






46. MRNA






47. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






48. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






49. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






50. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA







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