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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Only one carbon center is changed






2. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






3. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






4. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






5. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






6. Krebs cycle enzyme






7. Derived from golgi vesicles






8. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






9. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






10. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






11. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






12. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






13. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






14. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






15. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






16. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






17. Can serve as a primer

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18. Repeated replication w/o cell division






19. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






20. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






21. PKa = pH






22. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






23. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






24. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






25. MRNA






26. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






27. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






28. Gene has multiple effects






29. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






30. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






31. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






32. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






33. Circular and double stranded






34. 1e-14






35. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






36. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






37. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






38. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






39. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






40. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






41. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






42. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






43. Gene duplication






44. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






45. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






46. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






47. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






48. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






49. FAD-2 - NADP-3






50. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate







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