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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gene duplication






2. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






3. Isoelectric point and MW






4. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






5. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






6. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






7. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






8. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






9. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






10. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






11. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






12. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






13. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






14. Enter cells freely






15. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






16. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






17. RNA protein-complex






18. PKa = pH






19. Repeated replication w/o cell division






20. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






21. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






22. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






23. MRNA






24. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






25. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






26. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






27. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






28. Krebs cycle enzyme






29. Measures physical base pair distance






30. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






31. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






32. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






33. Do not contain F factor






34. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






35. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






36. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






37. Can serve as a primer

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38. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






39. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






40. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






41. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






42. Gene has multiple effects






43. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






44. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






45. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






46. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






47. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






48. Circular and double stranded






49. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






50. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.