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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Can serve as a primer


2. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






3. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






4. Gene duplication






5. 1e-14






6. Enter cells freely






7. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






8. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






9. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






10. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome


11. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






12. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






13. PKa = pH






14. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






15. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






16. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






17. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






18. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






19. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






20. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






21. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






22. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






23. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






24. Measures physical base pair distance






25. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






26. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






27. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






28. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






29. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






30. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






31. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






32. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






33. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






34. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






35. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






36. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






37. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






38. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






39. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






40. Krebs cycle enzyme






41. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






42. Isoelectric point and MW






43. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






44. MRNA






45. Derived from golgi vesicles






46. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






47. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






48. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






49. Circular and double stranded






50. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula