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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






2. Circular and double stranded






3. FAD-2 - NADP-3






4. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






5. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






6. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






7. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






8. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






9. RNA protein-complex






10. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






11. Gene has multiple effects






12. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






13. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






14. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome


15. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






16. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






17. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






18. Do not contain F factor






19. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






20. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






21. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






22. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






23. 1e-14






24. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






25. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






26. Repeated replication w/o cell division






27. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






28. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






29. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






30. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






31. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






32. Enter cells freely






33. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






34. Gene duplication






35. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






36. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






37. Derived from golgi vesicles






38. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






39. Can serve as a primer


40. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






41. PKa = pH






42. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis






43. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






44. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






45. Only one carbon center is changed






46. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






47. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






48. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






49. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






50. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.