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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






2. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






3. Repeated replication w/o cell division






4. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






5. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






6. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






7. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






8. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






9. Gene has multiple effects






10. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






11. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






12. Krebs cycle enzyme






13. Derived from golgi vesicles






14. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






15. Isoelectric point and MW






16. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






17. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






18. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






19. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






20. Can serve as a primer

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21. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






22. RNA protein-complex






23. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






24. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






25. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






26. MRNA






27. Measures physical base pair distance






28. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






29. Circular and double stranded






30. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






31. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






32. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






33. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






34. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






35. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






36. Enter cells freely






37. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






38. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






39. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






40. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






41. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






42. Gene duplication






43. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






44. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






45. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






46. 1e-14






47. PKa = pH






48. FAD-2 - NADP-3






49. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






50. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate