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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






2. Repeated replication w/o cell division






3. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






4. Circular and double stranded






5. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






6. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






7. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






8. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






9. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






10. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






11. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






12. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






13. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






14. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






15. Gene has multiple effects






16. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






17. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






18. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






19. Do not contain F factor






20. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






21. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






22. Measures physical base pair distance






23. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






24. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






25. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






26. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






27. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






28. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






29. FAD-2 - NADP-3






30. Enter cells freely






31. MRNA






32. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






33. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






34. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






35. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis






36. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






37. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






38. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






39. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






40. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






41. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






42. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






43. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






44. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






45. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






46. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






47. PKa = pH






48. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






49. Gene duplication






50. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids