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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






2. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






3. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






4. Gene duplication






5. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






6. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






7. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






8. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






9. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






10. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






11. Krebs cycle enzyme






12. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






13. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






14. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis






15. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






16. Circular and double stranded






17. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






18. Can serve as a primer

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19. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






20. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






21. FAD-2 - NADP-3






22. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






23. Derived from golgi vesicles






24. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






25. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






26. RNA protein-complex






27. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






28. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






29. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






30. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome

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31. PKa = pH






32. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






33. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






34. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






35. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






36. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






37. Do not contain F factor






38. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






39. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






40. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






41. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






42. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






43. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






44. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






45. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






46. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






47. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






48. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






49. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






50. Repeated replication w/o cell division