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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
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  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






2. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






3. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






4. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






5. MRNA






6. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






7. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






8. Derived from golgi vesicles






9. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






10. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






11. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






12. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






13. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






14. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






15. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






16. Measures physical base pair distance






17. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






18. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






19. 1e-14






20. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






21. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






22. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






23. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






24. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






25. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






26. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






27. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






28. Gene duplication






29. Krebs cycle enzyme






30. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






31. Repeated replication w/o cell division






32. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






33. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






34. FAD-2 - NADP-3






35. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






36. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






37. PKa = pH






38. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






39. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






40. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






41. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






42. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






43. Circular and double stranded






44. Isoelectric point and MW






45. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






46. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






47. Can serve as a primer

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48. Enter cells freely






49. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






50. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes







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