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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






2. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






3. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






4. Only one carbon center is changed






5. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






6. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






7. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






8. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






9. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






10. Repeated replication w/o cell division






11. Can serve as a primer

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12. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






13. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






14. Do not contain F factor






15. FAD-2 - NADP-3






16. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






17. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






18. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






19. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






20. RNA protein-complex






21. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






22. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






23. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






24. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






25. Krebs cycle enzyme






26. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






27. PKa = pH






28. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






29. Enter cells freely






30. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






31. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






32. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






33. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






34. Gene has multiple effects






35. Gene duplication






36. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






37. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome

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38. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






39. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






40. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






41. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






42. MRNA






43. Derived from golgi vesicles






44. Circular and double stranded






45. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






46. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






47. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis






48. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






49. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






50. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)