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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






2. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






3. Derived from golgi vesicles






4. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome


5. FAD-2 - NADP-3






6. Gene duplication






7. Only one carbon center is changed






8. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






9. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






10. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






11. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






12. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






13. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






14. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






15. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






16. Circular and double stranded






17. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






18. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






19. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






20. Measures physical base pair distance






21. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






22. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






23. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






24. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






25. Can serve as a primer


26. Isoelectric point and MW






27. Repeated replication w/o cell division






28. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






29. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






30. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






31. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






32. RNA protein-complex






33. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






34. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






35. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






36. MRNA






37. Enter cells freely






38. 1e-14






39. Do not contain F factor






40. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






41. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






42. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






43. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






44. PKa = pH






45. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






46. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






47. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






48. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






49. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






50. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH