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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






2. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






3. 1e-14






4. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






5. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






6. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






7. Do not contain F factor






8. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






9. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome


10. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






11. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






12. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






13. Gene duplication






14. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






15. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






16. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






17. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






18. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






19. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






20. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






21. MRNA






22. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






23. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






24. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






25. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






26. Krebs cycle enzyme






27. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






28. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






29. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






30. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






31. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






32. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






33. Gene has multiple effects






34. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






35. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






36. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






37. Isoelectric point and MW






38. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






39. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






40. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






41. PKa = pH






42. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






43. Can serve as a primer


44. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






45. Measures physical base pair distance






46. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






47. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






48. Derived from golgi vesicles






49. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






50. RNA protein-complex