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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gene duplication






2. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






3. Only one carbon center is changed






4. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






5. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






6. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






7. 1e-14






8. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






9. Gene has multiple effects






10. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






11. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






12. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






13. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






14. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






15. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






16. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






17. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






18. Do not contain F factor






19. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






20. Krebs cycle enzyme






21. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






22. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






23. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






24. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






25. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






26. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






27. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






28. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






29. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






30. RNA protein-complex






31. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






32. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






33. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






34. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






35. MRNA






36. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






37. Derived from golgi vesicles






38. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






39. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






40. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






41. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






42. Repeated replication w/o cell division






43. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






44. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






45. Recruits RecA protein - inhibited by LexA - results in mutagenesis






46. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






47. Measures physical base pair distance






48. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






49. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






50. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis