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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






2. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






3. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






4. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)






5. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






6. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






7. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






8. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






9. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






10. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






11. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






12. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






13. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






14. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






15. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






16. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






17. Can serve as a primer

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18. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






19. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






20. FAD-2 - NADP-3






21. Isoelectric point and MW






22. Gene has multiple effects






23. Gene duplication






24. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






25. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






26. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






27. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






28. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






29. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






30. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






31. RNA protein-complex






32. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome

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33. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






34. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






35. Do not contain F factor






36. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






37. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






38. Circular and double stranded






39. Only one carbon center is changed






40. Enter cells freely






41. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






42. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






43. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






44. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






45. Derived from golgi vesicles






46. MRNA






47. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






48. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






49. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






50. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella







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