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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






2. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






3. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






4. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






5. RNA protein-complex






6. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome

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7. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






8. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






9. Gene duplication






10. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






11. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






12. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






13. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






14. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






15. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






16. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






17. Can serve as a primer

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18. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis






19. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






20. Repeated replication w/o cell division






21. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






22. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






23. Actin - myosin - and other muscle proteins






24. Isoelectric point and MW






25. Makes Acetyl-CoA from pyruvate






26. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






27. Do not contain F factor






28. FAD-2 - NADP-3






29. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






30. Enter cells freely






31. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






32. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






33. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






34. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






35. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






36. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






37. Measures physical base pair distance






38. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






39. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






40. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






41. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






42. MRNA






43. PKa = pH






44. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






45. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






46. Catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate






47. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






48. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






49. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






50. Derived from golgi vesicles