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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






2. Contain their own DNA - mRNA - and proteins to synthesize more






3. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






4. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






5. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






6. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






7. Can serve as a primer

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8. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






9. Vitamin B7 - cofactor that aids in CO2 transfer (carboxylase)






10. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






11. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






12. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






13. When exons are arranged in multiple orders after removal of introns






14. Enter cells freely






15. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






16. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






17. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






18. PKa = pH






19. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






20. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






21. Non-protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein and is required for the protein'S biological activity






22. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






23. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






24. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






25. Regulator of glycolysis when glucose is low by cleaving 2;6 BPG lowering PFK1 - opposite effect when glucose is high






26. Only one carbon center is changed






27. Krebs cycle enzyme






28. Measure tendency for recombination (frequency) 1cM = 1% chance of being separated






29. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






30. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






31. Derived from golgi vesicles






32. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






33. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in prokaryotes






34. Isoelectric point and MW






35. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






36. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






37. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






38. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






39. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






40. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






41. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






42. Cleaves on C terminal side of lysine and arginine






43. Gene has multiple effects






44. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate during meiosis






45. Triglycerides - cholesterols - and phospholipids






46. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






47. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






48. 1e-14






49. Gene duplication






50. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics