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GRE Biochemistry

Subjects : gre, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. RNA protein-complex






2. Dynins and kinesins (movement) - cilia and flagella






3. Catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins - involved in signal cascades






4. (His - Arg - Lys +) - (Glu - Asp -)






5. Repeated replication w/o cell division






6. Irreversible reaction that require ATP first part of glycolosis






7. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane - leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.






8. Enzymes in Krebs cycle that produce NADH






9. Cis faces the ER and trans faces the plasma membrane






10. Measures physical base pair distance






11. Enter cells freely






12. Can undergo both lytic and lysogenic cycle






13. Circular and double stranded






14. Possess an F plasmid that also includes some DNA taken from the bacterial genome. Sometimes it is formed by incorrect excision from the chromosome


15. Do not contain F factor






16. Possess F factor integrated into the bacterial genome. After integration into the host chromosomal DNA - these plasmids possess portions of - or entire - F factor and portions of the bacterial genome.






17. Can result in allele differences - suce as 3:1 and 1:3






18. Catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (OAA).






19. Can serve as a primer


20. Catalyzes the transport of tRNA and mRNA down the ribosome in eukaryotes






21. Serine protease that cleaves on c terminal side of aromatics






22. Phe - Trp - Tyr - Gly - Pro






23. Val - Leu - Ile - Ala - Met






24. = pKa+ log(B/A) - -log(Ka)






25. An enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate






26. Gprotein association - exchanges GDP to GTP - converts AMP into cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP binds to protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase. increases Ca which binds calmodulin proteins which then binds to phosphorylase kin






27. Phosphotransferase - is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules - such as ATP -[2] to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation -






28. Converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.






29. Gene duplication






30. Operon 1/2 - gene 1/6






31. Ser - Cys - Thr - Gln - Asn






32. Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA - rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis






33. Possess F factor as a plasmid independent of the bacterial genome. The F plasmid contains only F factor DNA and no DNA from the bacterial genome.






34. 1e-14






35. Neutralizes H2O2 - found in lysosomes






36. Preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch - as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.






37. Secondary messenger - used for intracellular signal transduction - such as transferring the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline - which cannot pass through the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regula






38. Acts as a coenzyme in all transamination reactions - and in some decarboxylation and deamination reactions of amino acids. The aldehyde group of PLP forms a Schiff-base linkage (internal aldimine) with the e-amino group of a specific lysine group of






39. Vitamin B1 - cofactor that aids in dehydrogenase mostly






40. Donates electrons to form a bond such as N in amines and O in alcohols






41. Derived from golgi vesicles






42. FAD-2 - NADP-3






43. Tightly packed form of DNA - less accessible to protein factors that usually bind DNA






44. Recognizes and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes






45. The most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors. PFK-1 catalyzes the important 'committed' step of glycolysis - the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate






46. Krebs cycle enzyme






47. Unwound - participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products - site of RNA Pol II regulation






48. PKa = pH






49. Gene has multiple effects






50. Nuclear lamins - desmins - keratins - internexins (structure)