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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N






2. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice






3. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus






4. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology






5. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)

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6. Norepinephrine and serotonin






7. Associated with defensive and aggressive behavior; lesions produce docility and hypersexual states (Kluver & Bucy)






8. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity






9. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia






10. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)






11. There are 12 add more






12. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)






13. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation






14. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)






15. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity






16. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system






17. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges






18. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity






19. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)






20. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive






21. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates






22. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors






23. Produce drowsiness and sleepiness






24. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain






25. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response






26. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning






27. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina






28. Produces acetylcholine. One of the earliest sites of cell death in Alzheimer'S Disease (neurological disorder associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine) is in the basal forebrain






29. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety






30. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)






31. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system






32. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia






33. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)






34. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region






35. Associated with (spoken) language reception/comprehension - memory processing - and emotional control; contains Wernicke'S area and the auditory cortex






36. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)






37. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic






38. Controls sexual activity






39. 'little net'






40. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)






41. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus






42. Important to motor system






43. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision






44. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue






45. 'Roof'






46. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone






47. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner






48. Made from within - natural






49. Forebrain -band of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres






50. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion