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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)
efferent neurons
hypothalamus
REM rebound
myelin sheath
2. Sleepwalking - sleep talking
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
hypnagogic activity
Cranial Nerve V
law of specific nerve energies
3. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
norepinephrine
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
Cranial Nerve X
Vandenbergh effect
4. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
corpus callosum
hypothalamus
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
endorphin & enkephalin
5. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
trichromatic levels of color vision
superior colliculi
6. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
equipotentiality
aphasia
homeostasis
sexual dimorphic behavior
7. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
homeostasis
tyrosine
8. Referred to as the satiety center; lesions lead to obesity and hyperphagia
endorphin
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
Cranial Nerve III
9. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)
reaction time
fornix
Mesolimbic System
diploid
10. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
indirect antagonists
tyrosine
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
basic rest-activity cycle
11. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands
septal rage
projection areas
pheromone
osmoregulation
12. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone
midbrain
path of cerebrospinal fluid
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
adrenal cortex
13. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
dopaminergic systems
anterior hypothalamus
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
noncompetitive binding
14. Projects to ventral tegmental area
fusiform face area
prefrontal cortex
projection area
Mesolimbic System
15. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
mesencephalon
norepinephrine
hypothalamus
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
16. Expression of traits
phenotype
sleep paralysis
Hobson & McCarley
Thompson & Spencer
17. 'little brain'
cerebellum
fornix
L-Dopa
hair cells
18. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
Bruce effect
lesions in the reticular activating system
sexual dimorphic behavior
affinity
19. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
osmoreceptors
Cranial Nerve V
diencephalon
umami
20. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
trichromatic levels of color vision
basal ganglia
fusiform face area
Korsakoff'S amnesia
21. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
Mesolimbic System
sleep spindles
biological foundations
cingulate gyrus
22. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
path of cerebrospinal fluid
the 7 major neurotransmitters
biological etiology of schizophrenia
non-competitive bonding
23. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
stages of sleep
retinal ganglion cells
melatonin
ovaries/testes
24. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
ipsilateral
sleep paralysis
hippocampus
amygdala
25. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
menstrual cycle
ipsilateral
Cranial Nerve XII
sensitivity
26. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)
tegmentum
sensorimotor cortex
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
pituitary gland
27. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle
Thompson & Spencer
Bruce effect
anterograde
stages of sleep
28. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
phenotype
prefrontal cortex
Cranial Nerve I
effects of repeated administration
29. An ovary or teste
gonad
myelin sheath
endocrine system
sensorimotor cortex
30. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
hypothalamus + thalamus
locus coeruleus
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
cerebral cortex
31. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
hypocretin
septum
proximate biological considerations
GABA
32. ...
cutaneous senses
midbrain
law of specific nerve energies
lipid soluble drugs/medications
33. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
noncompetitive binding
endocrine system
subcortical structures
indirect antagonists
34. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
spinal cord
temporal lobes
nucleotides
inferior colliculi
35. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep
Thompson & Spencer
sleep paralysis
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
reticular formation
36. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
aphasia
proximate biological considerations
spatial summation
pituitary gland
37. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
efferent neurons
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
tegmentum
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
38. Transparent substance between lens and retina
vitreous humor
estrous cycle
absolute refractory periods
amacrine cells
39. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
law of specific nerve energies
anterior hypothalamus
path of cerebrospinal fluid
synthesis-activation hypothesis
40. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
supernormal stimulus
homeostasis
bregma
reticulum
41. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect
polysomnograms
nystagmus
dirty medications; clean medications
path of cerebrospinal fluid
42. Olfactory Nerve - smell
brainstem
Cranial Nerve I
prefrontal cortex
tolerance
43. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow
Cranial Nerve IX
pituitary gland
behavioral regulation
retinal ganglion cells
44. Trochlear Nerve - moves eye
Cranial Nerve IV
homeostatic regulation
Cranial Nerve VIII
efferent neurons
45. 'covering'
nystagmus
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
tegmentum
cingulate gyrus
46. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine
Whitten effect
agonist
projection areas
sleep
47. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
graded potentials
diploid
Cranial Nerve VI
48. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice
non-competitive binding
Vandenbergh effect
medulla & pons
Cranial Nerve XII
49. Regulates body temperature
hypothalamus
Mesocortical system
corpus callosum
menstrual cycle
50. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold
cerebral cortex
cutaneous senses
dopaminergic systems
effects of repeated administration