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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
cerebral cortex
Thompson & Spencer
myelin sheath
stages of sleep
2. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
subarachnoid space
endogenous
accommodation (bodily)
midbrain
3. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
cataplexy
K Complexes
neostriatum
direct antagonist
4. Accessory Nerve - moves the head
Cranial Nerve XI
norepinephrine
lens
temporal lobes
5. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
nystagmus
noncompetitive binding
beta activity
H.M
6. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus
direct antagonist
hypothalamus
nigrostriatal system
Frontal lobe
7. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid
corpus callosum
hypothalamus + thalamus
parathyroid
umami
8. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
thyroid
tectum
ionotropic receptors
L-Dopa
9. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
Cranial Nerve VIII
endocrine system
All-or-None Law
hypothalamus
10. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
Cranial Nerve VIII
REM sleep
efferent neurons
estrous cycle
11. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
amygdala
meninges
sleep spindles
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
12. Occurs during the deepest stages of slow-wave sleep; regular - synchronous electrical activity of less than 4 Hz
hypothalamus
delta activity
beta activity
cerebral cortex
13. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)
ethology
reciprocal innervation
prefrontal cortex
umami
14. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
Cranial Nerve V
locus coeruleus
homeostasis
15. Controls sexual activity
Whitten effect
sensitivity
ovaries/testes
anterior hypothalamus
16. Colored part of the eye
proximate biological considerations
spinal cord
iris
path of lightwaves entering eye
17. Phantom limb pain - hypnotic induction and the success rate of placebo treatments
scotopic vision
hypnagogic activity
endocrine system
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
18. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior
prefrontal hypoactivity
affinity
biological foundations
anterior hypothalamus
19. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine
Cranial Nerve I
ipsilateral
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
Whitten effect
20. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
amygdala
medulla & pons
cerebellum
brainstem
21. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals
noncompetitive binding
tyrosine
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
diploid
22. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
endorphin
association areas; projection areas
pupil
monoamines
23. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
polysomnograms
substantia nigra
norepinephrine
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
24. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
the adrenal medulla
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
All-or-None Law
substantia nigra
25. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
indirect antagonists
aqueous humor
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
ventricles
26. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
Cranial Nerve I
osmoreceptors
acetylcholine
ultimate biological considerations
27. Has neurons for reflexes
spinal cord
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
Bem'S Androgyny studies
endocrine system
28. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
cerebrospinal fluid
reaction time
Cranial Nerve X
tegmentum
29. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
hippocampus
hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve IV
GABA
30. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity
law of specific nerve energies
aphasia
graded potentials
red nucleus + substantia nigra
31. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
Hebb rule
suprachiasmatic nucleus
umami
32. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential
lipid soluble drugs/medications
relative refractory period
amacrine cells
endorphin & enkephalin
33. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
pituitary gland
monozygotic twins
alpha activity
endogenous
34. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
melatonin
basal forebrain
autonomic nervous system
Mesocortical system
35. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
locus coeruleus
supernormal stimulus
contralateral
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
36. When a neuron reaches its excitation threshold - the neuron will produce an action potential of FIXED amplitude regardless of the magnitude of the stimulation
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Cranial Nerve X
All-or-None Law
association area
37. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)
proximate biological considerations
Hebb rule
hypothalamus
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
38. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
occipital lobes
cerebellum
path of cerebrospinal fluid
Farber et al. (1995)
39. There are 12 add more
subcortical structures
hypothalamus
prefrontal hypoactivity
Cranial Nerves
40. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
direct antagonist
bregma
mammillary bodies
adrenal cortex
41. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
pupil
zygosity
the adrenal medulla
prefrontal hypoactivity
42. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
Ketamine
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
cerebral cortex
trichromatic levels of color vision
43. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
Vomeronasal Organ
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
homeostatic regulation
collateral sprouting
44. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
Lee-Boot effect
Bem'S Androgyny studies
hypocretin
45. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
nucleotides
the 7 major neurotransmitters
effects of repeated administration
46. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration
nystagmus
tardive dyskinesia
tolerance
aphasia
47. Consummatory stimulus
consummatory stimulus
Vandenbergh effect
ethology
tardive dyskinesia
48. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
subcortical structures
receptor blockers
Whitten effect
49. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
association area
Korsakoff'S amnesia
hypothalamus + thalamus
REM sleep
50. Sleep tests (i.e. to diagnosis sleep apnea)
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
supernormal stimulus
monoamines
polysomnograms