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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
medial nucleus of the amygdala
ventricles
Lee-Boot effect
Hobson & McCarley
2. Norepinephrine and serotonin
monoamine neurotransmitters
tegmentum
pineal gland
reticulum
3. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*
reaction time
monoamine neurotransmitters
affinity
efferent neurons
4. Cumulative effects of repeated stimulation from a presynaptic neuron
mesencephalon
temporal summation
bregma
L-Dopa
5. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia
nigrostriatal system
mesencephalon
Cranial Nerve VII
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
6. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
endocrine system
lens
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
sexual dimorphic behavior
7. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
nystagmus
sleep spindles
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
tyrosine
8. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
ovaries/testes
menstrual cycle
superior colliculi
proximate biological considerations
9. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
Bruce effect
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
pituitary gland
10. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi
tectum
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
cataplexy
association area
11. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
REM sleep
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
anterior hypothalamus
estrous cycle
12. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
association area
Glial cells
non-competitive bonding
spatial summation
13. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
noncompetitive binding
amygdala
ovaries/testes
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
14. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
prefrontal cortex
neostriatum
endorphin
inferior colliculi
15. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
affinity
Frontal lobe
hypothalamus
amygdala
16. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
Cranial Nerve IX
pupil
graded potentials
Mesolimbic System
17. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
umami
triggers of behavior
cerebellum
meninges
18. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV
tyrosine
basal ganglia
relative refractory period
slow-wave sleep
19. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
sleep spindles
fusiform face area
Hebb rule
Cranial Nerve XII
20. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb
amygdala
Cranial Nerve XII
monoamines
medial nucleus of the amygdala
21. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)
endorphin & enkephalin
aqueous humor
H.M
septum
22. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
homeostatic regulation
diploid
cerebrospinal fluid
Cranial Nerve I
23. 'little net'
reticulum
graded potentials
medial nucleus of the amygdala
mammillary bodies
24. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
beta activity
Korsakoff'S amnesia
ethology
basic rest-activity cycle
25. Areas in the brain receiving incoming sensory information or sending out motor-impulse commands
aqueous humor
retinal ganglion cells
Yerkes-Dodson Law
projection area
26. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow
suspensory ligament
consummatory stimulus
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
Cranial Nerve IX
27. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve VII
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
dirty medications; clean medications
homeostasis
28. Has neurons for reflexes
spinal cord
cerebellum
motor cortex
norepinephrine
29. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
Bem'S Androgyny studies
tardive dyskinesia
absolute refractory periods
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
30. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
efferent neurons
proximate biological considerations
dirty medications; clean medications
31. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
sign stimulus
superior colliculi
anterograde
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
32. Hormones that reduce pain
anterograde
hypothalamus
endorphin & enkephalin
path of lightwaves entering eye
33. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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34. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia
septal rage
amygdala
cerebral cortex
prefrontal hypoactivity
35. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
acetylcholine
K Complexes
zygosity
36. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal
tectum
dopaminergic systems
autolytic
cerebrospinal fluid
37. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice
Cranial Nerve IX
noncompetitive binding
Cranial Nerve VI
Vandenbergh effect
38. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
trichromatic levels of color vision
Cranial Nerve X
ovaries/testes
39. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
Bruce effect
red nucleus + substantia nigra
pheromone
estrous cycle
40. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
gonad
ionotropic receptors
Cranial Nerve V
supernormal stimulus
41. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
antagonist
hypothalamus
melatonin
sign stimulus
42. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit
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43. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
noncompetitive binding
beta activity
homeostasis
44. Regulates body temperature
subdural space
spinal cord
cerebellum
hypothalamus
45. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
extirpation
graded potentials
Cranial Nerve VIII
gonad
46. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
noncompetitive binding
anterograde
path of lightwaves entering eye
ultimate biological considerations
47. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body
Farber et al. (1995)
projection fiber
contralateral
norepinephrine
48. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
agonist
spatial summation
cerebral cortex
sleep paralysis
49. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
locus coeruleus
scotopic vision
hypothalamus
subcortical structures
50. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum
cingulate gyrus
pheromone
thalamus
affinity