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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 'little brain'
receptive field
nystagmus
Cranial Nerve II
cerebellum
2. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes
subdural space
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
cataplexy
3. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
thalamus
fusiform face area
iris
Coolidge effect
4. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
proximal image
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
basal ganglia
endogenous
5. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
retinal ganglion cells
temporal lobes
zygosity
receptive field
6. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
efferent neurons
agonist
phenotype
7. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
Hobson & McCarley
acetylcholine
synthesis-activation hypothesis
L-Dopa
8. Accessory Nerve - moves the head
hindbrain
anterior hypothalamus
Mesolimbic System
Cranial Nerve XI
9. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)
medulla & pons
indirect antagonists
zygosity
meninges
10. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
neostriatum
non-competitive binding
monoamines
superior colliculi
11. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)
thalamus
melatonin
Cranial Nerve XII
fornix
12. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
medial nucleus of the amygdala
Cranial Nerve X
galvanic skin response (GSR)
anterior hypothalamus
13. Referred to as the satiety center; lesions lead to obesity and hyperphagia
temporal summation
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
extirpation
ionotropic receptors
14. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz
basal forebrain
theta activity
polysomnograms
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
15. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
superior colliculi
hypnagogic activity
Cranial Nerve XI
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
16. Sign
amygdala
collateral sprouting
sign stimulus
thalamus
17. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
gonad
progesterone
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
18. 'covering'
hypothalamus
tegmentum
polysomnograms
ventricles
19. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
suspensory ligament
noncompetitive binding
the 7 major neurotransmitters
Cranial Nerve VII
20. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
substantia nigra
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
stages of sleep
pheromone
21. Synchronized EEG activity during its deeper stages
Cranial Nerve II
medulla & pons
non-REM sleep
tegmentum
22. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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23. States that performance is worst at extremely low or extremely high levels of arousal and optimally at an intermediate level
slow-wave sleep
polysomnograms
equipotentiality
Yerkes-Dodson Law
24. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
ultimate biological considerations
antagonist
hypothalamus
suprachiasmatic nucleus
25. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
occipital lobes
osmoreceptors
pineal gland
zygote
26. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
projection fiber
sensitivity
affinity
Cranial Nerve I
27. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body
Mesocortical system
Frontal lobe
Thompson & Spencer
contralateral
28. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
pheromone
hypothalamus
scotopic vision
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
29. Part of limbic system; protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus - contains some hypothalamic nuclei
brainstem
mammillary bodies
extirpation
receptive field
30. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
mesencephalon
absolute refractory periods
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
monoamine neurotransmitters
31. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
melatonin
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
direct antagonist
locus coeruleus
32. An ovary or teste
gonad
bregma
phenotype
parathyroid
33. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
parathyroid
Cranial Nerve VIII
reciprocal innervation
neostriatum
34. Holds the lens in place
absolute refractory periods
Farber et al. (1995)
suspensory ligament
tyrosine
35. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
REM sleep
alpha activity
ethology
red nucleus + substantia nigra
36. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
basic rest-activity cycle
midbrain
hypothalamus + thalamus
association areas; projection areas
37. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
cingulate gyrus
graded potentials
indirect antagonists
beta activity
38. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
HPA Axis
behavioral regulation
umami
Yerkes-Dodson Law
39. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil
pheromone
H.M
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
Cranial Nerve III
40. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid
ventricles
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
hindbrain
Glial cells
41. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
cingulate gyrus
projection areas
thyroid
subarachnoid space
42. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
projection fiber
anterograde
retinal ganglion cells
extirpation
43. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
parietal lobes
Whitten effect
retinal ganglion cells
44. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
path of cerebrospinal fluid
sexual dimorphic behavior
Mesolimbic System
cataplexy
45. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
efferent neurons
indirect antagonists
monoamine neurotransmitters
ovaries/testes
46. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
ionotropic receptors
biological etiology of schizophrenia
meninges
cingulate gyrus
47. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
meninges
REM sleep
consummatory stimulus
extirpation
48. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)
spinal cord
consummatory stimulus
fornix
suprachiasmatic nucleus
49. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
Cranial Nerve IX
Cranial Nerve XII
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
menstrual cycle
50. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract
acetylcholine
motor cortex
amygdala
Cranial Nerve V
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