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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)
ovaries/testes
reciprocal innervation
reaction time
umami
2. Located in the midbrain - a group of neurons which produce dopamine and degenerate in Parkinson'S Disease
cingulate gyrus
tyrosine
cataplexy
substantia nigra
3. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
hypothalamus
noncompetitive binding
scotopic vision
4. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
Cranial Nerve XI
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
Ketamine
brainstem
5. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
lipid soluble drugs/medications
tardive dyskinesia
the 7 major neurotransmitters
hypothalamus
6. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
anterior hypothalamus
prefrontal cortex
nucleotides
tritanopia
7. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia
meninges
anterior hypothalamus
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
law of specific nerve energies
8. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
basal forebrain
Cranial Nerve III
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
species- specific reactions
9. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
fornix
ethology
anterior hypothalamus
noncompetitive binding
10. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
osmoreceptors
septal rage
path of lightwaves entering eye
trichromatic levels of color vision
11. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
Hobson & McCarley
effects of repeated administration
umami
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
12. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
Glial cells
cerebral cortex
occipital lobes
meninges
13. Smooth electrical activity of 8-12 Hz -medium frequency - awake but in a restful state (^ eyes closed but conscious)
alpha activity
bregma
indirect antagonists
proximate biological considerations
14. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
Thompson & Spencer
hypothalamus
sleep attack
proximate biological considerations
15. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
Lee-Boot effect
endocrine system
absolute refractory periods
consummatory stimulus
16. Colored part of the eye
brainstem
estrous cycle
temporal lobes
iris
17. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
Mesocortical system
inferior colliculi
homeostatic regulation
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
18. Trochlear Nerve - moves eye
ionotropic receptors
occipital lobes
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
Cranial Nerve IV
19. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
hypothalamus
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
20. Has neurons for reflexes
non-competitive bonding
lipid soluble drugs/medications
Yerkes-Dodson Law
spinal cord
21. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -controls stress response
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
theta activity
H.M
HPA Axis
22. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
lens
scotopic vision
equipotentiality
autolytic
23. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
mesencephalon
vitreous humor
biological foundations
tolerance
24. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
delta activity
projection fiber
vitreous humor
cingulate gyrus
25. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
HPA Axis
sensitivity
amacrine cells
zygote
26. When a neuron reaches its excitation threshold - the neuron will produce an action potential of FIXED amplitude regardless of the magnitude of the stimulation
substantia nigra
gonad
nucleotides
All-or-None Law
27. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
fusiform face area
REM sleep
cerebellum
thalamus
28. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
fornix
slow-wave sleep
Coolidge effect
progesterone
29. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
sensorimotor cortex
Cranial Nerve VII
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
sexual dimorphic behavior
30. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
cerebellum
slow-wave sleep
suspensory ligament
31. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
association areas; projection areas
gonad
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
32. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
mammillary bodies
basal ganglia
ultimate biological considerations
33. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
Korsakoff'S amnesia
projection fiber
motor cortex
Whitten effect
34. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
Vomeronasal Organ
effects of repeated administration
prefrontal cortex
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
35. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
suspensory ligament
hypocretin
sensorimotor cortex
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
36. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
equipotentiality
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
GABA
Vandenbergh effect
37. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
monozygotic twins
tritanopia
cataplexy
occipital lobes
38. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
pupil
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
Cranial Nerve V
39. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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40. Includes the tectum and tegmentum
retinal ganglion cells
tardive dyskinesia
projection fiber
mesencephalon
41. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
contralateral
ultimate biological considerations
ethology
lesions in the reticular activating system
42. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands
projection areas
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Cranial Nerve VIII
aqueous humor
43. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
fusiform face area
zygote
synthesis-activation hypothesis
graded potentials
44. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
superior colliculi
effects of repeated administration
prefrontal cortex
pituitary gland
45. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath
slow-wave sleep
Glial cells
indirect antagonists
Korsakoff'S amnesia
46. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
endocrine system
scotopic vision
the adrenal medulla
anterior hypothalamus
47. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
sleep spindles
subcortical structures
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
48. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
dopaminergic systems
theta activity
lens
49. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)
association areas; projection areas
osmoreceptors
fornix
antagonist
50. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
thalamus
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
substantia nigra
phenotype