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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
Whitten effect
tolerance
sexual dimorphic behavior
Cranial Nerve X
2. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
motor cortex
tolerance
equipotentiality
Vandenbergh effect
3. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands
reaction time
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
projection areas
spatial summation
4. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
association areas; projection areas
suprachiasmatic nucleus
red nucleus + substantia nigra
polysomnograms
5. Moving forward
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
anterograde
cerebellum
hypothalamus
6. 'little brain'
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
HPA Axis
cerebellum
tolerance
7. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex
efferent neurons
Mesocortical system
hypothalamus
autonomic nervous system
8. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
proximate biological considerations
fusiform face area
Cranial Nerve V
autolytic
9. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
direct antagonist
relative refractory period
indirect antagonists
cerebellum
10. Portion of a sensory field to which a cell responds
receptive field
Cranial Nerve I
endorphin & enkephalin
trichromatic levels of color vision
11. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
Cranial Nerve XII
spinal cord
Cranial Nerve XI
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
12. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N
extirpation
diencephalon
Cranial Nerve III
autonomic nervous system
13. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
lesions in the reticular activating system
vitreous humor
menstrual cycle
biological etiology of schizophrenia
14. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
path of cerebrospinal fluid
agonist
hair cells
basal ganglia
15. Consummatory stimulus
graded potentials
hypothalamus
suspensory ligament
consummatory stimulus
16. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
the 7 major neurotransmitters
amygdala
motor cortex
17. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Cranial Nerve VI
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
receptor blockers
18. The visual image of the world on the retina
proximal image
hypothalamus
tegmentum
Frontal lobe
19. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
suspensory ligament
graded potentials
effects of repeated administration
prefrontal hypoactivity
20. Associated with (spoken) language reception/comprehension - memory processing - and emotional control; contains Wernicke'S area and the auditory cortex
homeostatic regulation
Farber et al. (1995)
temporal lobes
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
21. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
ultimate biological considerations
dopaminergic systems
ipsilateral
effects of repeated administration
22. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi
alpha activity
diencephalon
Cranial Nerve III
tectum
23. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
slow-wave sleep
hypothalamus
locus coeruleus
24. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
agonist
meninges
bregma
retinal ganglion cells
25. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
cerebrospinal fluid
behavioral regulation
substantia nigra
the adrenal medulla
26. The maintenance of water balance in the body
osmoregulation
monoamines
nigrostriatal system
Korsakoff'S amnesia
27. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
Cranial Nerve VIII
K Complexes
motor cortex
estrous cycle
28. Olfactory Nerve - smell
sexual dimorphic behavior
Coolidge effect
Cranial Nerve I
suprachiasmatic nucleus
29. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
effects of repeated administration
sensorimotor cortex
tegmentum
30. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
septal rage
acetylcholine
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
31. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
ionotropic receptors
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
amacrine cells
synthesis-activation hypothesis
32. Regulates body temperature
extirpation
basal ganglia
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
hypothalamus
33. Relays nerve impulses - processes sensory impulses - reflex behavior and contains nerve cell bodies
spinal cord
triggers of behavior
autolytic
supernormal stimulus
34. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
effects of repeated administration
sensitivity
projection fiber
contralateral
35. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum
diencephalon
indirect antagonists
hindbrain
subarachnoid space
36. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
tritanopia
aqueous humor
retinal ganglion cells
basal forebrain
37. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine
monoamines
Whitten effect
Cranial Nerves
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
38. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
brainstem
non-competitive binding
medulla & pons
effects of repeated administration
39. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
zygosity
spatial summation
non-competitive bonding
diencephalon
40. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
endogenous
theta activity
41. Are found in the diencephalon
absolute refractory periods
pheromone
tegmentum
hypothalamus + thalamus
42. A single - unfertilized cell created during conception; the combined egg + sperm
subdural space
projection area
zygote
extirpation
43. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
spatial summation
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
myelin sheath
cerebrospinal fluid
44. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
prefrontal hypoactivity
Cranial Nerve VIII
monoamine neurotransmitters
ipsilateral
45. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
substantia nigra
Cranial Nerve VIII
Mesolimbic System
midbrain
46. Made from within - natural
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
antagonist
endogenous
hypothalamus
47. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
proximate biological considerations
cerebral cortex
fusiform face area
sleep attack
48. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
inferior colliculi
Cranial Nerve IX
trichromatic levels of color vision
delta activity
49. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
diploid
cingulate gyrus
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
50. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
sexual dimorphic behavior
lipid soluble drugs/medications
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
nystagmus