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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle






2. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell






3. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory






4. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine






5. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)






6. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)






7. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal






8. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell






9. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)

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10. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus






11. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements

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12. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp






13. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)






14. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier






15. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus






16. Includes the tectum and tegmentum






17. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -controls stress response






18. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)






19. 'Roof'






20. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones






21. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems






22. Is regulated by the hypothalamus






23. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)






24. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges






25. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)






26. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity






27. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)






28. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)






29. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)






30. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser






31. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication






32. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles






33. A BEHAVIOR; insistent urge of sleepiness forces us to seek sleep/a bad






34. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle






35. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates






36. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals






37. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to






38. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N






39. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)






40. Moving forward






41. Sleep tests (i.e. to diagnosis sleep apnea)






42. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important






43. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness






44. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion






45. Associated with defensive and aggressive behavior; lesions produce docility and hypersexual states (Kluver & Bucy)






46. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery






47. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine






48. 'covering'






49. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold






50. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina







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