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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates
estrous cycle
the 7 major neurotransmitters
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
mesencephalon
2. Has a major role in metabolism - stimulation/maintenance - produces the hormones thyroxin and calcitonin
thyroid
cataplexy
tectum
norepinephrine
3. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
endorphin
Vomeronasal Organ
myelin sheath
equipotentiality
4. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
cutaneous senses
tectum
biological foundations
endorphin & enkephalin
5. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)
pheromone
Glial cells
affinity
H.M
6. Absolute; relative
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
menstrual cycle
polysomnograms
iris
7. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
non-competitive binding
subarachnoid space
Bem'S Androgyny studies
prefrontal cortex
8. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
affinity
osmoregulation
hypocretin
basic rest-activity cycle
9. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
hypothalamus
GABA
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
10. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
cerebrospinal fluid
behavioral regulation
melatonin
pheromone
11. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
cerebral cortex
cutaneous senses
REM sleep
12. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
acetylcholine
graded potentials
septum
reaction time
13. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
affinity
myelin sheath
monoamines
tyrosine
14. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults
reciprocal innervation
temporal summation
Ketamine
pineal gland
15. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)
Cranial Nerve IX
Vandenbergh effect
sensorimotor cortex
hypothalamus + thalamus
16. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect
proximate biological considerations
supernormal stimulus
dirty medications; clean medications
REM sleep
17. Is characteristic of indirect antagonists
Coolidge effect
menstrual cycle
non-competitive bonding
ovaries/testes
18. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*
direct antagonist
reaction time
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
sexual dimorphic behavior
19. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals
midbrain
monoamines
diploid
spinal cord
20. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
Cranial Nerve VIII
antimanics
reciprocal innervation
endorphin & enkephalin
21. Accessory Nerve - moves the head
proximate biological considerations
suprachiasmatic nucleus
Cranial Nerve XI
Cranial Nerve XII
22. 'little brain'
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
cerebellum
non-competitive binding
equipotentiality
23. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
Cranial Nerve VI
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
reticulum
REM sleep
24. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
25. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit
26. The visual image of the world on the retina
dirty medications; clean medications
cerebrospinal fluid
proximal image
behavioral regulation
27. Expression of traits
estrous cycle
phenotype
H.M
ethology
28. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
proximal image
Lee-Boot effect
29. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
iris
tectum
effects of repeated administration
hypocretin
30. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
hippocampus
tolerance
Mesocortical system
midbrain
31. 'covering'
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
tegmentum
monoamines
non-competitive binding
32. 'Roof'
cerebellum
tectum
autolytic
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
33. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve VI
path of cerebrospinal fluid
effects of repeated administration
homeostasis
34. Regulates body temperature
temporal lobes
estrous cycle
temporal summation
hypothalamus
35. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
Hebb rule
subcortical structures
fornix
sign stimulus
36. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
melatonin
prefrontal hypoactivity
pheromone
antagonist
37. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
dirty medications; clean medications
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
nucleotides
pineal gland
38. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
antagonist
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
sensitivity
indirect antagonists
39. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
lens
hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve X
monozygotic twins
40. There are 12 add more
Cranial Nerves
cerebellum
acetylcholine
lipid soluble drugs/medications
41. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
anterograde
acetylcholine
subarachnoid space
42. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
umami
accommodation (bodily)
contralateral
Vomeronasal Organ
43. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
REM sleep
Cranial Nerve XI
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
44. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
progesterone
agonist
hypothalamus
motor cortex
45. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
endogenous
synthesis-activation hypothesis
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
affinity
46. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep
acetylcholine
biological foundations
superior colliculi
sleep paralysis
47. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
extirpation
hippocampus
cutaneous senses
subdural space
48. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease
parietal lobes
estrous cycle
L-Dopa
endorphin
49. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
amacrine cells
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
All-or-None Law
50. Hormones that reduce pain
accommodation (bodily)
Cranial Nerve I
tectum
endorphin & enkephalin