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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
cingulate gyrus
noncompetitive binding
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
melatonin
2. Include indolamines (serotonin) and catecholamines (dopamine - norepinephrine and epinephrine)
lesions in the reticular activating system
noncompetitive binding
monoamines
path of cerebrospinal fluid
3. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
aphasia
Whitten effect
trichromatic levels of color vision
direct antagonist
4. Supernormal
locus coeruleus
supernormal stimulus
fornix
mesencephalon
5. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
association areas; projection areas
endocrine system
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
6. Accessory Nerve - moves the head
brainstem
ultimate biological considerations
Cranial Nerve XI
anterior hypothalamus
7. Self-dissolving
osmoregulation
autolytic
beta activity
non-REM sleep
8. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
sensorimotor cortex
reaction time
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Cranial Nerve VII
9. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz
anterior hypothalamus
GABA
corpus callosum
theta activity
10. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect
thyroid
Mesocortical system
dirty medications; clean medications
association area
11. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
affinity
sexual dimorphic behavior
effects of repeated administration
lipid soluble drugs/medications
12. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
mesencephalon
tritanopia
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
13. Is characteristic of indirect antagonist drugs
Lee-Boot effect
lipid soluble drugs/medications
amygdala
noncompetitive binding
14. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
sleep
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
melatonin
non-REM sleep
15. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
basal forebrain
subcortical structures
sexual dimorphic behavior
Hebb rule
16. Projects to ventral tegmental area
tegmentum
basal forebrain
spinal cord
prefrontal cortex
17. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
theta activity
aphasia
dopaminergic systems
REM rebound
18. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
hypothalamus
sleep spindles
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
receptor blockers
19. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
hippocampus
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
lipid soluble drugs/medications
norepinephrine
20. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
non-competitive binding
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
tardive dyskinesia
progesterone
21. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
zygosity
autonomic nervous system
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
polysomnograms
22. An ovary or teste
mesencephalon
gonad
suprachiasmatic nucleus
Cranial Nerve II
23. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
collateral sprouting
behavioral regulation
gonad
24. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
bregma
amygdala
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
dopaminergic systems
25. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity
melatonin
non-competitive binding
graded potentials
endorphin & enkephalin
26. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
aphasia
absolute refractory periods
amacrine cells
Cranial Nerve I
27. Important to motor system
red nucleus + substantia nigra
non-REM sleep
norepinephrine
bregma
28. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes
endorphin
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
accommodation (bodily)
cataplexy
29. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb
aqueous humor
hypothalamus
medial nucleus of the amygdala
cingulate gyrus
30. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
spinal cord
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
direct antagonist
estrous cycle
31. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
suprachiasmatic nucleus
bregma
galvanic skin response (GSR)
hair cells
32. The maintenance of water balance in the body
osmoregulation
GABA
Cranial Nerve X
endorphin
33. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)
proximate biological considerations
homeostatic regulation
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
zygosity
34. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N
autonomic nervous system
alpha activity
non-competitive binding
projection fiber
35. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
Thompson & Spencer
monoamines
reaction time
36. Occurs during the deepest stages of slow-wave sleep; regular - synchronous electrical activity of less than 4 Hz
endocrine system
temporal summation
delta activity
tyrosine
37. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
trichromatic levels of color vision
melatonin
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
Cranial Nerves
38. Forebrain -band of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
corpus callosum
midbrain
red nucleus + substantia nigra
39. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
pupil
medulla & pons
superior colliculi
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
40. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
GABA
effects of repeated administration
phenotype
HPA Axis
41. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
endorphin
red nucleus + substantia nigra
aqueous humor
osmoreceptors
42. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
autonomic nervous system
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
graded potentials
bregma
43. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
Hebb rule
iris
monoamines
subdural space
44. States that performance is worst at extremely low or extremely high levels of arousal and optimally at an intermediate level
hypothalamus + thalamus
autolytic
Yerkes-Dodson Law
noncompetitive binding
45. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Whitten effect
Cranial Nerve VII
synthesis-activation hypothesis
46. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates
estrous cycle
absolute refractory periods
Cranial Nerve VI
supernormal stimulus
47. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
ovaries/testes
substantia nigra
triggers of behavior
cataplexy
48. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid
ventricles
norepinephrine
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
spatial summation
49. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
menstrual cycle
lipid soluble drugs/medications
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
Cranial Nerve I
50. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
tardive dyskinesia
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
tegmentum
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)