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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in






2. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors






3. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system






4. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress






5. Olfactory Nerve - smell






6. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia






7. Controls sexual activity






8. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)






9. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid






10. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell






11. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)






12. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body






13. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus






14. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)






15. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)






16. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine






17. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications






18. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina






19. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)






20. The viscous substance between cornea and lens






21. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells






22. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system






23. Consummatory stimulus






24. Absolute; relative






25. The visual image of the world on the retina






26. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted






27. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum






28. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response






29. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz






30. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity






31. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing






32. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body






33. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration






34. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice






35. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum






36. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes






37. A single - unfertilized cell created during conception; the combined egg + sperm






38. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)






39. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important






40. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow






41. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex






42. The Lee-Boot effect - Whitten effect - Vandenbergh effect - and the Bruce effect; all mediated by the VNO






43. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)






44. There are 12 add more






45. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic






46. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)






47. Self-dissolving






48. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning






49. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)






50. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods







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