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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Optic Nerve - sight
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
Korsakoff'S amnesia
Cranial Nerve II
biological etiology of schizophrenia
2. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum
cingulate gyrus
basic rest-activity cycle
K Complexes
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
3. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
tardive dyskinesia
monoamines
scotopic vision
tritanopia
4. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
GABA
myelin sheath
H.M
projection areas
5. 'little brain'
tardive dyskinesia
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
cerebellum
the 7 major neurotransmitters
6. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
osmoreceptors
galvanic skin response (GSR)
synthesis-activation hypothesis
norepinephrine
7. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
inferior colliculi
trichromatic levels of color vision
endocrine system
zygote
8. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
Lee-Boot effect
monoamine neurotransmitters
ionotropic receptors
reaction time
9. Moving forward
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
substantia nigra
anterograde
tolerance
10. Are found in the diencephalon
lesions in the reticular activating system
L-Dopa
hypothalamus + thalamus
GABA
11. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum
Vomeronasal Organ
indirect antagonists
nigrostriatal system
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
12. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety
Bem'S Androgyny studies
endorphin
Cranial Nerves
Cranial Nerve IV
13. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
tolerance
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
monoamines
suspensory ligament
14. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
reticular formation
Lee-Boot effect
prefrontal hypoactivity
neostriatum
15. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
tectum
projection fiber
sleep spindles
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
16. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
tolerance
affinity
tyrosine
Bem'S Androgyny studies
17. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)
the 7 major neurotransmitters
hippocampus
fornix
hypothalamus
18. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)
monoamines
hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve VII
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
19. Includes the tectum and tegmentum
anterior hypothalamus
direct antagonist
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
mesencephalon
20. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
inferior colliculi
nucleotides
path of lightwaves entering eye
antagonist
21. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
diencephalon
septum
spinal cord
autolytic
22. Caudate nucleus and putamen
behavioral regulation
indirect antagonists
neostriatum
fornix
23. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals
diploid
medulla & pons
equipotentiality
neostriatum
24. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
zygote
amygdala
Ketamine
antimanics
25. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
endocrine system
occipital lobes
adrenal cortex
Farber et al. (1995)
26. Include indolamines (serotonin) and catecholamines (dopamine - norepinephrine and epinephrine)
monoamines
adrenal cortex
progesterone
meninges
27. Sudden - sharp waveforms found only in Stage II of sleep; spontaneously occur about one per minute but also to unexpected noises
contralateral
Cranial Nerve VI
K Complexes
indirect antagonists
28. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep
graded potentials
receptive field
sleep paralysis
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
29. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
ventricles
cerebellum
diencephalon
locus coeruleus
30. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
scotopic vision
accommodation (bodily)
retinal ganglion cells
theta activity
31. 'little net'
reticulum
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
GABA
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
32. An ovary or teste
scotopic vision
monoamines
gonad
suprachiasmatic nucleus
33. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
monozygotic twins
sleep paralysis
diploid
consummatory stimulus
34. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
pineal gland
inferior colliculi
Cranial Nerve II
35. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
basic rest-activity cycle
lens
the 7 major neurotransmitters
path of lightwaves entering eye
36. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
basal forebrain
noncompetitive binding
parathyroid
Vandenbergh effect
37. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
the adrenal medulla
reticulum
Cranial Nerve X
Cranial Nerve II
38. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
hypothalamus
tritanopia
meninges
amygdala
39. 'Roof'
biological etiology of schizophrenia
tectum
fusiform face area
basal forebrain
40. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
Hobson & McCarley
projection areas
ipsilateral
neostriatum
41. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
meninges
brainstem
antagonist
Cranial Nerve V
42. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
superior colliculi
nigrostriatal system
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
Cranial Nerve II
43. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
hippocampus
aphasia
septum
effects of repeated administration
44. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
meninges
Mesolimbic System
basic rest-activity cycle
45. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
red nucleus + substantia nigra
tectum
non-competitive binding
Cranial Nerve VIII
46. Is characteristic of indirect antagonists
Cranial Nerve II
non-competitive bonding
path of cerebrospinal fluid
affinity
47. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential
relative refractory period
Cranial Nerve VIII
autonomic nervous system
prefrontal cortex
48. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
Yerkes-Dodson Law
diencephalon
49. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
Cranial Nerve XI
parathyroid
scotopic vision
Hobson & McCarley
50. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease
autolytic
L-Dopa
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
noncompetitive binding
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