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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
umami
collateral sprouting
ipsilateral
norepinephrine
2. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
slow-wave sleep
substantia nigra
spatial summation
occipital lobes
3. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
basal forebrain
pineal gland
effects of repeated administration
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
4. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
GABA
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
K Complexes
proximate biological considerations
5. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
All-or-None Law
lipid soluble drugs/medications
prefrontal hypoactivity
extirpation
6. ...
stages of sleep
lipid soluble drugs/medications
law of specific nerve energies
ultimate biological considerations
7. Areas in the brain receiving incoming sensory information or sending out motor-impulse commands
projection area
nigrostriatal system
inferior colliculi
triggers of behavior
8. Synchronized EEG activity during its deeper stages
diencephalon
non-REM sleep
REM sleep
Farber et al. (1995)
9. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
reciprocal innervation
Yerkes-Dodson Law
estrous cycle
biological etiology of schizophrenia
10. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
ipsilateral
polysomnograms
the adrenal medulla
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
11. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
monoamines
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
Hebb rule
mesencephalon
12. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
spatial summation
basal ganglia
pupil
norepinephrine
13. The maintenance of water balance in the body
umami
osmoregulation
hypothalamus
hindbrain
14. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
agonist
hypothalamus
sign stimulus
Cranial Nerve III
15. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety
projection area
subcortical structures
GABA
endorphin
16. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
Vandenbergh effect
monoamine neurotransmitters
medulla & pons
aphasia
17. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
diploid
estrous cycle
monozygotic twins
REM rebound
18. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
pituitary gland
retinal ganglion cells
biological etiology of schizophrenia
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
19. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
species- specific reactions
autolytic
amacrine cells
association areas; projection areas
20. States that performance is worst at extremely low or extremely high levels of arousal and optimally at an intermediate level
medulla & pons
All-or-None Law
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Lee-Boot effect
21. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
association area
myelin sheath
slow-wave sleep
thalamus
22. Holds the lens in place
gonad
suspensory ligament
progesterone
Cranial Nerve IX
23. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)
sensorimotor cortex
Cranial Nerve XI
cerebellum
hindbrain
24. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
melatonin
neostriatum
spatial summation
noncompetitive binding
25. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
parietal lobes
Vandenbergh effect
subcortical structures
spatial summation
26. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
pituitary gland
association areas; projection areas
ultimate biological considerations
umami
27. Occurs during the deepest stages of slow-wave sleep; regular - synchronous electrical activity of less than 4 Hz
proximal image
inferior colliculi
cerebellum
delta activity
28. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
Bem'S Androgyny studies
accommodation (bodily)
autolytic
locus coeruleus
29. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Mesocortical system
Vandenbergh effect
reciprocal innervation
30. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum
cingulate gyrus
pheromone
biological etiology of schizophrenia
mesencephalon
31. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
medial nucleus of the amygdala
amygdala
the adrenal medulla
32. An ovary or teste
progesterone
gonad
tegmentum
acetylcholine
33. 'covering'
subcortical structures
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
nucleotides
tegmentum
34. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
Cranial Nerve IX
proximal image
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
aqueous humor
35. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
REM sleep
ultimate biological considerations
aphasia
hypocretin
36. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi
occipital lobes
osmoreceptors
amygdala
tectum
37. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease
myelin sheath
non-competitive binding
L-Dopa
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
38. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
trichromatic levels of color vision
indirect antagonists
ethology
extirpation
39. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
hypothalamus + thalamus
antagonist
lens
effects of repeated administration
40. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
inferior colliculi
subarachnoid space
acetylcholine
cerebellum
41. Includes the tectum and tegmentum
mesencephalon
pituitary gland
endorphin
tectum
42. Phantom limb pain - hypnotic induction and the success rate of placebo treatments
HPA Axis
indirect antagonists
medulla & pons
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
43. Trochlear Nerve - moves eye
REM sleep
tectum
retinal ganglion cells
Cranial Nerve IV
44. The visual image of the world on the retina
Whitten effect
diencephalon
septal rage
proximal image
45. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
species- specific reactions
ultimate biological considerations
thyroid
cerebellum
46. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
tectum
meninges
beta activity
adrenal cortex
47. Portion of a sensory field to which a cell responds
reciprocal innervation
progesterone
biological foundations
receptive field
48. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
Mesolimbic System
dopaminergic systems
hair cells
49. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
Hebb rule
substantia nigra
mesencephalon
collateral sprouting
50. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
equipotentiality
Vandenbergh effect
Cranial Nerve VIII
contralateral