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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Areas in the brain receiving incoming sensory information or sending out motor-impulse commands
prefrontal cortex
projection area
hair cells
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
2. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
equipotentiality
effects of repeated administration
non-competitive bonding
nucleotides
3. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
Hobson & McCarley
Mesocortical system
tardive dyskinesia
ventricles
4. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
species- specific reactions
hippocampus
umami
5. Sign
sign stimulus
projection fiber
sexual dimorphic behavior
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
6. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
sensitivity
suspensory ligament
pineal gland
7. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
suprachiasmatic nucleus
H.M
autolytic
sleep spindles
8. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
law of specific nerve energies
homeostasis
hypothalamus
path of lightwaves entering eye
9. Transparent substance between lens and retina
ultimate biological considerations
pupil
vitreous humor
Farber et al. (1995)
10. Caudate nucleus and putamen
neostriatum
pituitary gland
hypnagogic activity
adrenal cortex
11. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
dopaminergic systems
temporal lobes
sensorimotor cortex
12. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
absolute refractory periods
sleep
biological etiology of schizophrenia
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
13. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum
ovaries/testes
hindbrain
galvanic skin response (GSR)
Hobson & McCarley
14. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
law of specific nerve energies
Korsakoff'S amnesia
vitreous humor
REM sleep
15. Projects to ventral tegmental area
prefrontal cortex
spatial summation
cerebellum
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
16. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
lens
diencephalon
midbrain
non-competitive binding
17. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold
cutaneous senses
Cranial Nerves
occipital lobes
amygdala
18. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
septum
stages of sleep
umami
direct antagonist
19. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
diploid
endorphin
hypothalamus
triggers of behavior
20. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
occipital lobes
affinity
tyrosine
sensitivity
21. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
the adrenal medulla
pituitary gland
spatial summation
beta activity
22. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
behavioral regulation
sexual dimorphic behavior
iris
Mesocortical system
23. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
substantia nigra
noncompetitive binding
Mesolimbic System
extirpation
24. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
septal rage
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
mammillary bodies
homeostatic regulation
25. 'covering'
antagonist
dopaminergic systems
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
tegmentum
26. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
Cranial Nerve III
slow-wave sleep
effects of repeated administration
neostriatum
27. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
cingulate gyrus
vitreous humor
melatonin
28. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults
Ketamine
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Vandenbergh effect
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
29. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
pineal gland
sleep spindles
inferior colliculi
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
30. An ovary or teste
prefrontal hypoactivity
gonad
Cranial Nerve X
cerebrospinal fluid
31. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior
Mesolimbic System
septum
anterior hypothalamus
iris
32. Sleep tests (i.e. to diagnosis sleep apnea)
subcortical structures
Cranial Nerve II
thyroid
polysomnograms
33. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease
tolerance
L-Dopa
aqueous humor
trichromatic levels of color vision
34. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)
proximate biological considerations
zygosity
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
reaction time
35. When a neuron reaches its excitation threshold - the neuron will produce an action potential of FIXED amplitude regardless of the magnitude of the stimulation
prefrontal hypoactivity
endogenous
amacrine cells
All-or-None Law
36. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal
law of specific nerve energies
REM sleep
homeostatic regulation
cerebrospinal fluid
37. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
Cranial Nerve V
endogenous
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
subcortical structures
38. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
ipsilateral
Cranial Nerve X
monoamine neurotransmitters
zygosity
39. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
Cranial Nerve XII
pineal gland
agonist
zygosity
40. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
Cranial Nerve V
osmoregulation
meninges
diencephalon
41. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)
effects of repeated administration
midbrain
indirect antagonists
occipital lobes
42. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum
tectum
mesencephalon
ionotropic receptors
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
43. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
reticular formation
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
hypnagogic activity
trichromatic levels of color vision
44. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil
basal forebrain
Cranial Nerve III
autonomic nervous system
ipsilateral
45. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
hypothalamus
hair cells
receptor blockers
lipid soluble drugs/medications
46. Has a major role in metabolism - stimulation/maintenance - produces the hormones thyroxin and calcitonin
gonad
thyroid
Hebb rule
endocrine system
47. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
sleep attack
Thompson & Spencer
fusiform face area
Cranial Nerve VIII
48. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
projection fiber
Mesolimbic System
association areas; projection areas
bregma
49. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus
Vomeronasal Organ
monozygotic twins
Coolidge effect
Frontal lobe
50. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
receptive field
tegmentum
ovaries/testes
septal rage