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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
monozygotic twins
relative refractory period
tectum
2. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
tardive dyskinesia
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
monoamines
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
3. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
umami
REM sleep
the adrenal medulla
effects of repeated administration
4. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
temporal summation
proximal image
Cranial Nerve XII
ultimate biological considerations
5. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)
fornix
sleep spindles
amygdala
cerebellum
6. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
mesencephalon
collateral sprouting
midbrain
amygdala
7. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
slow-wave sleep
subarachnoid space
umami
substantia nigra
8. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
nucleotides
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
effects of repeated administration
slow-wave sleep
9. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
subdural space
subarachnoid space
menstrual cycle
polysomnograms
10. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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11. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle
stages of sleep
slow-wave sleep
cerebrospinal fluid
reticulum
12. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
spinal cord
Vandenbergh effect
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
13. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain
Ketamine
scotopic vision
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
norepinephrine
14. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity
graded potentials
amygdala
beta activity
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
15. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
prefrontal cortex
law of specific nerve energies
Cranial Nerves
non-competitive binding
16. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
association area
basic rest-activity cycle
GABA
umami
17. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
osmoreceptors
nigrostriatal system
receptor blockers
agonist
18. Sleepwalking - sleep talking
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
hypnagogic activity
Cranial Nerve XII
19. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
diencephalon
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
delta activity
Bem'S Androgyny studies
20. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
parietal lobes
antimanics
Lee-Boot effect
REM sleep
21. Colored part of the eye
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
lesions in the reticular activating system
tyrosine
iris
22. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands
medial nucleus of the amygdala
anterior hypothalamus
projection areas
All-or-None Law
23. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi
tectum
reticulum
theta activity
Korsakoff'S amnesia
24. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
pituitary gland
homeostasis
behavioral regulation
Frontal lobe
25. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
corpus callosum
autonomic nervous system
association areas; projection areas
cerebral cortex
26. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
cerebellum
ovaries/testes
association areas; projection areas
pheromone
27. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
Cranial Nerve V
Whitten effect
cutaneous senses
tolerance
28. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
nystagmus
melatonin
reticulum
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
29. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
receptor blockers
equipotentiality
Vandenbergh effect
anterior hypothalamus
30. Projects to ventral tegmental area
triggers of behavior
subarachnoid space
zygote
prefrontal cortex
31. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
reaction time
diencephalon
Vomeronasal Organ
association areas; projection areas
32. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
Cranial Nerve XII
synthesis-activation hypothesis
endocrine system
biological foundations
33. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
law of specific nerve energies
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
fornix
nucleotides
34. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
biological etiology of schizophrenia
cerebral cortex
Cranial Nerve VIII
monoamines
35. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid
hypothalamus
amygdala
prefrontal hypoactivity
parathyroid
36. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease
amacrine cells
L-Dopa
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
occipital lobes
37. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
autolytic
gonad
tectum
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
38. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
absolute refractory periods
behavioral regulation
non-competitive bonding
sleep attack
39. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
monoamines
species- specific reactions
projection fiber
cerebral cortex
40. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
lesions in the reticular activating system
fusiform face area
hypothalamus
All-or-None Law
41. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration
amacrine cells
tolerance
antimanics
monoamine neurotransmitters
42. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior
pupil
alpha activity
inferior colliculi
anterior hypothalamus
43. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
hypothalamus
receptor blockers
brainstem
thyroid
44. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
sleep spindles
equipotentiality
phenotype
prefrontal cortex
45. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
beta activity
species- specific reactions
amygdala
lens
46. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
ultimate biological considerations
hindbrain
cerebrospinal fluid
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
47. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
dopaminergic systems
bregma
hypothalamus
occipital lobes
48. Synchronized EEG activity during its deeper stages
Whitten effect
non-REM sleep
REM sleep
Vandenbergh effect
49. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
substantia nigra
Mesolimbic System
amygdala
50. The visual image of the world on the retina
proximal image
ionotropic receptors
neostriatum
hypnagogic activity