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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid
cutaneous senses
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
anterograde
ventricles
2. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
biological etiology of schizophrenia
indirect antagonists
galvanic skin response (GSR)
amacrine cells
3. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
adrenal cortex
dopaminergic systems
Cranial Nerve IV
biological etiology of schizophrenia
4. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
sensorimotor cortex
Yerkes-Dodson Law
homeostatic regulation
hypocretin
5. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
ethology
L-Dopa
antagonist
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
6. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
Cranial Nerve VI
Whitten effect
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
substantia nigra
7. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
zygosity
amygdala
REM rebound
spinal cord
8. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
triggers of behavior
ventricles
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
9. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
Cranial Nerves
pineal gland
substantia nigra
tegmentum
10. Projects to ventral tegmental area
prefrontal cortex
antimanics
hindbrain
affinity
11. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
monozygotic twins
Cranial Nerve I
inferior colliculi
dirty medications; clean medications
12. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
hair cells
melatonin
umami
basic rest-activity cycle
13. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
cingulate gyrus
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
diencephalon
tardive dyskinesia
14. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
subarachnoid space
estrous cycle
fusiform face area
efferent neurons
15. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
REM sleep
estrous cycle
REM rebound
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
16. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
occipital lobes
zygote
effects of repeated administration
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
17. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
meninges
mesencephalon
Cranial Nerve XII
tritanopia
18. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
monoamine neurotransmitters
norepinephrine
nigrostriatal system
hypothalamus
19. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
nucleotides
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
antimanics
Cranial Nerve VI
20. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
menstrual cycle
ultimate biological considerations
hippocampus
bregma
21. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
hair cells
melatonin
sensorimotor cortex
the adrenal medulla
22. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
indirect antagonists
amygdala
myelin sheath
pheromone
23. Moving forward
gonad
reticular formation
anterograde
mesencephalon
24. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
septum
path of cerebrospinal fluid
theta activity
lesions in the reticular activating system
25. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
hypothalamus
hippocampus
Thompson & Spencer
26. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
basal ganglia
estrous cycle
amygdala
non-competitive binding
27. 'covering'
umami
Hobson & McCarley
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
tegmentum
28. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath
cataplexy
indirect antagonists
Mesocortical system
Glial cells
29. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
HPA Axis
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
cerebellum
non-competitive binding
30. Optic Nerve - sight
Cranial Nerve XII
Cranial Nerve II
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
tardive dyskinesia
31. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
progesterone
tyrosine
association area
32. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)
umami
triggers of behavior
suspensory ligament
indirect antagonists
33. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
thalamus
zygote
endorphin
sleep attack
34. Are found in the diencephalon
monoamine neurotransmitters
zygosity
hypothalamus + thalamus
norepinephrine
35. Self-dissolving
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
dopaminergic systems
autolytic
36. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
pineal gland
Cranial Nerve X
bregma
projection area
37. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
osmoreceptors
cerebral cortex
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
effects of repeated administration
38. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning
homeostasis
species- specific reactions
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
equipotentiality
39. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
sign stimulus
synthesis-activation hypothesis
indirect antagonists
agonist
40. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
sleep attack
accommodation (bodily)
ultimate biological considerations
tritanopia
41. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
phenotype
tritanopia
endocrine system
tegmentum
42. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
ipsilateral
cataplexy
spatial summation
progesterone
43. Is characteristic of indirect antagonist drugs
endogenous
reaction time
lipid soluble drugs/medications
noncompetitive binding
44. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
consummatory stimulus
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
estrous cycle
Yerkes-Dodson Law
45. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
prefrontal hypoactivity
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
amacrine cells
myelin sheath
46. Caudate nucleus and putamen
efferent neurons
neostriatum
subdural space
Cranial Nerve XII
47. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
basal ganglia
midbrain
sensitivity
umami
48. Colored part of the eye
hypocretin
indirect antagonists
iris
cerebellum
49. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
non-competitive binding
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
myelin sheath
homeostasis
50. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia
brainstem
prefrontal hypoactivity
indirect antagonists
projection areas
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