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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
behavioral regulation
suprachiasmatic nucleus
homeostatic regulation
diencephalon
2. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
Mesolimbic System
affinity
sensorimotor cortex
3. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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4. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system
red nucleus + substantia nigra
amygdala
efferent neurons
Thompson & Spencer
5. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
affinity
nigrostriatal system
the adrenal medulla
6. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
stages of sleep
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
hippocampus
spinal cord
7. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
dirty medications; clean medications
phenotype
superior colliculi
8. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
endorphin & enkephalin
REM sleep
nucleotides
Bruce effect
9. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
scotopic vision
anterograde
iris
Thompson & Spencer
10. Supernormal
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
non-REM sleep
supernormal stimulus
Cranial Nerve VIII
11. Sleep tests (i.e. to diagnosis sleep apnea)
amygdala
theta activity
polysomnograms
proximate biological considerations
12. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract
mesencephalon
pheromone
acetylcholine
path of lightwaves entering eye
13. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
basal ganglia
ovaries/testes
subarachnoid space
Thompson & Spencer
14. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
temporal summation
biological foundations
iris
ventricles
15. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.
osmoregulation
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
Thompson & Spencer
projection area
16. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
hypothalamus
collateral sprouting
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
17. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
Bem'S Androgyny studies
umami
autonomic nervous system
subcortical structures
18. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
red nucleus + substantia nigra
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
sleep spindles
L-Dopa
19. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
reticular formation
sign stimulus
homeostasis
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
20. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
L-Dopa
phenotype
hippocampus
sleep paralysis
21. Has neurons for reflexes
anterograde
Mesocortical system
septum
spinal cord
22. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
biological etiology of schizophrenia
Korsakoff'S amnesia
monoamine neurotransmitters
Thompson & Spencer
23. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal
cerebrospinal fluid
reticular formation
L-Dopa
Vomeronasal Organ
24. Is characteristic of indirect antagonist drugs
Ketamine
relative refractory period
parathyroid
noncompetitive binding
25. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
menstrual cycle
antagonist
Hobson & McCarley
thyroid
26. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
Cranial Nerve VII
reciprocal innervation
sensitivity
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
27. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
ethology
phenotype
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Cranial Nerves
28. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
cerebellum
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
Hebb rule
vitreous humor
29. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
Mesocortical system
sexual dimorphic behavior
equipotentiality
tegmentum
30. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
pineal gland
indirect antagonists
pituitary gland
31. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum
projection fiber
mesencephalon
aqueous humor
homeostasis
32. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit
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33. Smooth electrical activity of 8-12 Hz -medium frequency - awake but in a restful state (^ eyes closed but conscious)
indirect antagonists
proximate biological considerations
dopaminergic systems
alpha activity
34. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
pituitary gland
temporal summation
substantia nigra
estrous cycle
35. Are found in the diencephalon
endorphin & enkephalin
Lee-Boot effect
mesencephalon
hypothalamus + thalamus
36. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
anterograde
sleep spindles
association area
REM sleep
37. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity
parathyroid
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Coolidge effect
path of lightwaves entering eye
38. The visual image of the world on the retina
melatonin
nigrostriatal system
neostriatum
proximal image
39. 'little net'
reticulum
meninges
fornix
extirpation
40. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
temporal summation
occipital lobes
collateral sprouting
Lee-Boot effect
41. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
Cranial Nerve VI
aphasia
septum
Cranial Nerve V
42. Consummatory stimulus
Thompson & Spencer
iris
consummatory stimulus
absolute refractory periods
43. Made from within - natural
HPA Axis
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
iris
endogenous
44. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
hypothalamus
Yerkes-Dodson Law
aqueous humor
extirpation
45. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
endogenous
brainstem
the 7 major neurotransmitters
tegmentum
46. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
homeostatic regulation
Cranial Nerve XII
Cranial Nerve VII
pupil
47. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)
hippocampus
tyrosine
locus coeruleus
Bruce effect
48. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
biological etiology of schizophrenia
tegmentum
nystagmus
Vomeronasal Organ
49. Controls sexual activity
diploid
anterior hypothalamus
GABA
sensorimotor cortex
50. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)
Yerkes-Dodson Law
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
polysomnograms
reciprocal innervation