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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system






2. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system






3. Colored part of the eye






4. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system






5. 'covering'






6. Optic Nerve - sight






7. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.






8. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)






9. Is characteristic of indirect antagonists






10. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened






11. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex






12. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes






13. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration






14. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion






15. 'little brain'






16. Accessory Nerve - moves the head






17. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals






18. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness






19. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to






20. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow






21. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications






22. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates






23. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing






24. 'Roof'






25. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum






26. Areas in the brain receiving incoming sensory information or sending out motor-impulse commands






27. Referred to as the satiety center; lesions lead to obesity and hyperphagia






28. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina






29. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)






30. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*






31. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges






32. Olfactory Nerve - smell






33. Expression of traits






34. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue






35. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)






36. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine






37. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)






38. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side






39. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle






40. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms






41. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath






42. Are found in the diencephalon






43. Reduces anxiety - released with NE in amygdala - hippocampus - basal ganglia - periaqueductal gray region - locus coeruleus and PFS; NPY is diminished in persons with PTSD/CPTSD and those exposed to chronic stress






44. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)






45. There are 12 add more






46. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra






47. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements

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48. Cumulative effects of repeated stimulation from a presynaptic neuron






49. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice






50. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell







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