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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Supernormal
supernormal stimulus
Cranial Nerve III
ovaries/testes
cerebral cortex
2. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)
red nucleus + substantia nigra
thalamus
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
estrous cycle
3. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
noncompetitive binding
sexual dimorphic behavior
beta activity
effects of repeated administration
4. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina
projection fiber
Yerkes-Dodson Law
tolerance
path of lightwaves entering eye
5. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
subarachnoid space
stages of sleep
diencephalon
Thompson & Spencer
6. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
diencephalon
Cranial Nerve X
anterior hypothalamus
theta activity
7. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
zygote
tegmentum
graded potentials
medulla & pons
8. Controls sexual activity
polysomnograms
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
anterior hypothalamus
9. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
Vomeronasal Organ
Cranial Nerve IV
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
subarachnoid space
10. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV
polysomnograms
slow-wave sleep
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
homeostasis
11. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia
Farber et al. (1995)
red nucleus + substantia nigra
hippocampus
relative refractory period
12. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
Farber et al. (1995)
biological foundations
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
Coolidge effect
13. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
Cranial Nerve XII
collateral sprouting
antagonist
Thompson & Spencer
14. Moving forward
anterograde
affinity
iris
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
15. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
Vandenbergh effect
iris
subcortical structures
Cranial Nerve VI
16. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
norepinephrine
receptor blockers
L-Dopa
agonist
17. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
spinal cord
sensitivity
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
endocrine system
18. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
the adrenal medulla
effects of repeated administration
REM rebound
iris
19. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
ionotropic receptors
noncompetitive binding
osmoregulation
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
20. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
GABA
mesencephalon
thalamus
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
21. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier
reciprocal innervation
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
hair cells
lipid soluble drugs/medications
22. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
triggers of behavior
endogenous
endorphin
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
23. In the posterior frontal lobe - contains the somatosensory cortex (touch - pressure - temperature - pain)
parietal lobes
tyrosine
Bruce effect
Ketamine
24. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)
trichromatic levels of color vision
basal forebrain
ipsilateral
tyrosine
25. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
receptor blockers
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
collateral sprouting
K Complexes
26. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
sleep paralysis
progesterone
tritanopia
27. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
ovaries/testes
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
direct antagonist
28. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
the adrenal medulla
pupil
antagonist
trichromatic levels of color vision
29. Glandular system control center - produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic; functions in both the nervous system and endocrine sytem - In the forebrain - regulates motivated behaviors (eating - drinking - aggression - sexual behavior
H.M
hypothalamus
antimanics
GABA
30. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
suspensory ligament
nucleotides
indirect antagonists
Thompson & Spencer
31. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
homeostatic regulation
mesencephalon
locus coeruleus
nystagmus
32. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
cerebral cortex
melatonin
suprachiasmatic nucleus
equipotentiality
33. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
effects of repeated administration
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
occipital lobes
cerebellum
34. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
antimanics
L-Dopa
affinity
norepinephrine
35. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system
amygdala
pupil
K Complexes
myelin sheath
36. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*
Cranial Nerve III
reaction time
melatonin
pheromone
37. The maintenance of water balance in the body
ipsilateral
hypothalamus + thalamus
osmoregulation
mesencephalon
38. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
septum
subcortical structures
equipotentiality
menstrual cycle
39. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements
cerebellum
sensorimotor cortex
galvanic skin response (GSR)
sleep attack
40. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)
association area
H.M
effects of repeated administration
suprachiasmatic nucleus
41. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
extirpation
Cranial Nerve VI
theta activity
Lee-Boot effect
42. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
association areas; projection areas
monoamines
equipotentiality
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
43. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
hindbrain
cataplexy
tardive dyskinesia
temporal lobes
44. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
effects of repeated administration
tectum
suprachiasmatic nucleus
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
45. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
Bem'S Androgyny studies
medulla & pons
homeostasis
biological foundations
46. Optic Nerve - sight
Cranial Nerve II
parathyroid
vitreous humor
Yerkes-Dodson Law
47. Important to motor system
amygdala
stages of sleep
tegmentum
red nucleus + substantia nigra
48. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
sleep spindles
tegmentum
mesencephalon
prefrontal hypoactivity
49. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
path of cerebrospinal fluid
Hebb rule
dopaminergic systems
osmoreceptors
50. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
ultimate biological considerations
cerebral cortex
neostriatum
scotopic vision