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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity






2. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)






3. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important






4. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods






5. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp






6. 'little net'






7. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted






8. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision






9. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults






10. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus






11. The visual image of the world on the retina






12. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell






13. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory






14. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)






15. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath






16. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue






17. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions






18. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion






19. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems






20. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus






21. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)






22. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)






23. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity






24. Accessory Nerve - moves the head






25. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication






26. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body






27. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning






28. A single - unfertilized cell created during conception; the combined egg + sperm






29. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion






30. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia






31. Includes the tectum and tegmentum






32. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine






33. Is regulated by the hypothalamus






34. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential






35. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)






36. Occurs when their is damage to the septal area and results in unchecked aggressive and vicious behavior






37. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon






38. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice






39. The maintenance of water balance in the body






40. Optic Nerve - sight






41. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier






42. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz






43. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity






44. Sleepwalking - sleep talking






45. Olfactory Nerve - smell






46. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.






47. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety






48. ...






49. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)






50. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles







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