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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
galvanic skin response (GSR)
pupil
acetylcholine
spinal cord
2. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
basal ganglia
monoamines
monoamine neurotransmitters
hypothalamus + thalamus
3. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
basic rest-activity cycle
inferior colliculi
adrenal cortex
extirpation
4. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
mammillary bodies
ultimate biological considerations
law of specific nerve energies
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
5. Olfactory Nerve - smell
Cranial Nerve I
amygdala
spinal cord
tardive dyskinesia
6. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
tectum
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Korsakoff'S amnesia
hippocampus
7. Controls sexual activity
REM rebound
hypothalamus
HPA Axis
anterior hypothalamus
8. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)
behavioral regulation
monoamine neurotransmitters
Frontal lobe
H.M
9. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid
ventricles
anterior hypothalamus
sensorimotor cortex
Cranial Nerve VI
10. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
Yerkes-Dodson Law
agonist
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
mesencephalon
11. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
pineal gland
Cranial Nerve VI
homeostatic regulation
graded potentials
12. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body
fusiform face area
sleep attack
hippocampus
contralateral
13. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
substantia nigra
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
subcortical structures
Mesolimbic System
14. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)
locus coeruleus
sensorimotor cortex
septum
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
15. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
norepinephrine
hippocampus
meninges
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
16. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine
substantia nigra
iris
fornix
Whitten effect
17. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
consummatory stimulus
monoamines
association area
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
18. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina
Glial cells
Lee-Boot effect
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
aphasia
19. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
effects of repeated administration
Bruce effect
beta activity
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
20. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
myelin sheath
aqueous humor
amygdala
monoamine neurotransmitters
21. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
nucleotides
effects of repeated administration
amacrine cells
tectum
22. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
prefrontal cortex
Vomeronasal Organ
locus coeruleus
polysomnograms
23. Consummatory stimulus
superior colliculi
absolute refractory periods
cerebellum
consummatory stimulus
24. Absolute; relative
Cranial Nerve II
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
hypothalamus
Korsakoff'S amnesia
25. The visual image of the world on the retina
sleep
Thompson & Spencer
anterior hypothalamus
proximal image
26. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
REM rebound
galvanic skin response (GSR)
pheromone
sleep attack
27. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum
amygdala
superior colliculi
Cranial Nerve V
mesencephalon
28. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
tardive dyskinesia
reciprocal innervation
diencephalon
29. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz
mesencephalon
theta activity
indirect antagonists
suspensory ligament
30. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity
Coolidge effect
meninges
endocrine system
slow-wave sleep
31. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
hypothalamus
graded potentials
Glial cells
pituitary gland
32. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
Whitten effect
red nucleus + substantia nigra
ipsilateral
supernormal stimulus
33. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration
endorphin
gonad
parathyroid
tolerance
34. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice
tolerance
iris
hypothalamus + thalamus
Vandenbergh effect
35. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum
proximate biological considerations
nigrostriatal system
REM rebound
non-REM sleep
36. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes
spinal cord
cataplexy
receptor blockers
fornix
37. A single - unfertilized cell created during conception; the combined egg + sperm
Frontal lobe
Cranial Nerve IV
reaction time
zygote
38. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
association areas; projection areas
substantia nigra
Frontal lobe
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
39. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
homeostatic regulation
pheromone
pituitary gland
40. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
Cranial Nerve IX
suspensory ligament
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
41. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
gonad
occipital lobes
effects of repeated administration
cerebellum
42. The Lee-Boot effect - Whitten effect - Vandenbergh effect - and the Bruce effect; all mediated by the VNO
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
spinal cord
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
43. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
endorphin & enkephalin
sleep attack
Hobson & McCarley
sign stimulus
44. There are 12 add more
Cranial Nerves
neostriatum
substantia nigra
projection areas
45. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
nucleotides
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
osmoreceptors
fornix
46. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
path of cerebrospinal fluid
subarachnoid space
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
All-or-None Law
47. Self-dissolving
Cranial Nerve VI
Ketamine
Korsakoff'S amnesia
autolytic
48. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning
species- specific reactions
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
norepinephrine
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
49. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
consummatory stimulus
meninges
nystagmus
mesencephalon
50. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
hindbrain
scotopic vision
Hebb rule
diploid
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