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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
spinal cord
basic rest-activity cycle
Vomeronasal Organ
endorphin
2. Consummatory stimulus
consummatory stimulus
endorphin
Korsakoff'S amnesia
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
3. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier
dopaminergic systems
lipid soluble drugs/medications
delta activity
galvanic skin response (GSR)
4. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*
graded potentials
tardive dyskinesia
tegmentum
reaction time
5. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
tardive dyskinesia
All-or-None Law
Cranial Nerve IX
non-competitive binding
6. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
H.M
Cranial Nerve VI
lens
biological foundations
7. Accessory Nerve - moves the head
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
prefrontal cortex
Cranial Nerve XI
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
8. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands
projection areas
polysomnograms
sensorimotor cortex
medial nucleus of the amygdala
9. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV
delta activity
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
noncompetitive binding
slow-wave sleep
10. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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11. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
melatonin
hypocretin
Cranial Nerve V
hypothalamus
12. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep
tegmentum
vitreous humor
sleep paralysis
motor cortex
13. Olfactory Nerve - smell
diploid
aphasia
hypnagogic activity
Cranial Nerve I
14. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow
proximate biological considerations
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Cranial Nerve IX
15. Supernormal
zygote
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
supernormal stimulus
extirpation
16. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi
tectum
effects of repeated administration
synthesis-activation hypothesis
pheromone
17. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
sleep spindles
nucleotides
hair cells
Cranial Nerve III
18. Reduces anxiety - released with NE in amygdala - hippocampus - basal ganglia - periaqueductal gray region - locus coeruleus and PFS; NPY is diminished in persons with PTSD/CPTSD and those exposed to chronic stress
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
lens
anterior hypothalamus
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
19. 'little brain'
motor cortex
Cranial Nerve XII
association area
cerebellum
20. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
ethology
acetylcholine
midbrain
nucleotides
21. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Yerkes-Dodson Law
association area
the 7 major neurotransmitters
22. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
sensitivity
cerebral cortex
progesterone
hypothalamus
23. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone
adrenal cortex
menstrual cycle
nystagmus
effects of repeated administration
24. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
Cranial Nerve I
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
25. Associated with (spoken) language reception/comprehension - memory processing - and emotional control; contains Wernicke'S area and the auditory cortex
bregma
hair cells
temporal lobes
polysomnograms
26. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
subdural space
homeostasis
collateral sprouting
hindbrain
27. Trochlear Nerve - moves eye
progesterone
Cranial Nerve VI
Cranial Nerve IV
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
28. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
Whitten effect
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
spinal cord
midbrain
29. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
inferior colliculi
the adrenal medulla
trichromatic levels of color vision
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
30. Important to motor system
red nucleus + substantia nigra
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
association areas; projection areas
hypothalamus
31. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
tegmentum
alpha activity
substantia nigra
Cranial Nerve VII
32. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
nystagmus
mesencephalon
autolytic
Cranial Nerve VII
33. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia
HPA Axis
prefrontal hypoactivity
nystagmus
endorphin
34. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
behavioral regulation
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
biological foundations
35. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
superior colliculi
norepinephrine
beta activity
noncompetitive binding
36. Occurs during the deepest stages of slow-wave sleep; regular - synchronous electrical activity of less than 4 Hz
delta activity
tolerance
hindbrain
prefrontal hypoactivity
37. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
melatonin
myelin sheath
fornix
basic rest-activity cycle
38. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
direct antagonist
proximal image
autolytic
reaction time
39. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
norepinephrine
basic rest-activity cycle
cerebral cortex
collateral sprouting
40. Produces acetylcholine. One of the earliest sites of cell death in Alzheimer'S Disease (neurological disorder associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine) is in the basal forebrain
sleep paralysis
Hebb rule
basal forebrain
hippocampus
41. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
sensitivity
amygdala
the adrenal medulla
reaction time
42. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
fusiform face area
osmoregulation
subcortical structures
ionotropic receptors
43. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
sensitivity
basal ganglia
proximate biological considerations
equipotentiality
44. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.
Thompson & Spencer
Yerkes-Dodson Law
behavioral regulation
meninges
45. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
norepinephrine
Cranial Nerve VII
graded potentials
biological etiology of schizophrenia
46. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals
diploid
stages of sleep
nucleotides
endocrine system
47. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
monoamines
indirect antagonists
prefrontal cortex
nucleotides
48. Self-dissolving
tritanopia
Lee-Boot effect
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
autolytic
49. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
progesterone
Cranial Nerve X
biological etiology of schizophrenia
Hebb rule
50. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults
Ketamine
Cranial Nerves
parietal lobes
cingulate gyrus
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