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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system






2. 'covering'






3. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier






4. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)






5. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety






6. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion






7. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold






8. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals






9. States that performance is worst at extremely low or extremely high levels of arousal and optimally at an intermediate level






10. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)






11. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology






12. Consummatory stimulus






13. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation






14. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response






15. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity






16. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease






17. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone






18. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity






19. An ovary or teste






20. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus






21. Includes the tectum and tegmentum






22. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi






23. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle






24. Is regulated by the hypothalamus






25. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)






26. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery






27. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand






28. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)






29. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior






30. Most pervasive excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain






31. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.






32. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina






33. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important






34. Caudate nucleus and putamen






35. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands






36. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted






37. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex






38. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)






39. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath






40. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)






41. 'little brain'






42. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect






43. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity






44. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning






45. Produces acetylcholine. One of the earliest sites of cell death in Alzheimer'S Disease (neurological disorder associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine) is in the basal forebrain






46. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive






47. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses






48. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)






49. Relays nerve impulses - processes sensory impulses - reflex behavior and contains nerve cell bodies






50. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)







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