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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
the adrenal medulla
Cranial Nerve VII
monoamines
REM rebound
2. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
Cranial Nerve XII
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
supernormal stimulus
effects of repeated administration
3. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
suprachiasmatic nucleus
direct antagonist
amygdala
Glial cells
4. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
behavioral regulation
basal forebrain
theta activity
5. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)
spinal cord
reciprocal innervation
ipsilateral
corpus callosum
6. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
nucleotides
monozygotic twins
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
basal forebrain
7. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
norepinephrine
fornix
nigrostriatal system
the 7 major neurotransmitters
8. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
noncompetitive binding
hypocretin
hypnagogic activity
Glial cells
9. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
myelin sheath
temporal lobes
mammillary bodies
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
10. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
monoamine neurotransmitters
Cranial Nerve III
myelin sheath
subarachnoid space
11. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
progesterone
thalamus
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
menstrual cycle
12. In the posterior frontal lobe - contains the somatosensory cortex (touch - pressure - temperature - pain)
Whitten effect
parietal lobes
proximate biological considerations
Bem'S Androgyny studies
13. Associated with (spoken) language reception/comprehension - memory processing - and emotional control; contains Wernicke'S area and the auditory cortex
norepinephrine
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
umami
temporal lobes
14. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
K Complexes
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
dopaminergic systems
occipital lobes
15. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
receptor blockers
superior colliculi
tectum
pupil
16. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential
relative refractory period
indirect antagonists
triggers of behavior
hypnagogic activity
17. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)
REM sleep
fornix
spinal cord
graded potentials
18. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
progesterone
cataplexy
osmoreceptors
amacrine cells
19. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
norepinephrine
cerebellum
Lee-Boot effect
red nucleus + substantia nigra
20. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
subarachnoid space
reciprocal innervation
bregma
midbrain
21. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
medulla & pons
tegmentum
zygote
tyrosine
22. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle
stages of sleep
H.M
affinity
umami
23. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
nigrostriatal system
spatial summation
norepinephrine
projection area
24. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
progesterone
Cranial Nerve XI
synthesis-activation hypothesis
25. Glandular system control center - produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic; functions in both the nervous system and endocrine sytem - In the forebrain - regulates motivated behaviors (eating - drinking - aggression - sexual behavior
hypothalamus
fusiform face area
Vomeronasal Organ
melatonin
26. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep
red nucleus + substantia nigra
tritanopia
sleep paralysis
Hobson & McCarley
27. Projects to ventral tegmental area
indirect antagonists
tectum
parathyroid
prefrontal cortex
28. Produces acetylcholine. One of the earliest sites of cell death in Alzheimer'S Disease (neurological disorder associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine) is in the basal forebrain
endogenous
scotopic vision
basal forebrain
synthesis-activation hypothesis
29. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
hypothalamus + thalamus
meninges
mammillary bodies
amygdala
30. Termination of pregnancy by the odor of a pheromone in the urine of a male other than the one that impregnated the female; first observed in mice
zygosity
Korsakoff'S amnesia
Bruce effect
monoamine neurotransmitters
31. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
autonomic nervous system
homeostatic regulation
Hebb rule
indirect antagonists
32. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
tectum
affinity
antagonist
biological foundations
33. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
effects of repeated administration
affinity
fusiform face area
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
34. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
umami
behavioral regulation
cerebellum
Thompson & Spencer
35. Part of limbic system; protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus - contains some hypothalamic nuclei
mammillary bodies
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
H.M
All-or-None Law
36. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
subdural space
motor cortex
sexual dimorphic behavior
superior colliculi
37. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
sleep
hair cells
superior colliculi
Cranial Nerve VI
38. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
menstrual cycle
REM sleep
path of cerebrospinal fluid
triggers of behavior
39. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
hypocretin
ethology
acetylcholine
40. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
inferior colliculi
cerebrospinal fluid
amygdala
indirect antagonists
41. Forebrain -band of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres
corpus callosum
triggers of behavior
tolerance
biological etiology of schizophrenia
42. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
slow-wave sleep
collateral sprouting
ionotropic receptors
Yerkes-Dodson Law
43. Areas in the brain receiving incoming sensory information or sending out motor-impulse commands
effects of repeated administration
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
fornix
projection area
44. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
nucleotides
Mesolimbic System
diploid
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
45. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
ovaries/testes
reaction time
Cranial Nerve VI
autolytic
46. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid
ventricles
delta activity
parathyroid
melatonin
47. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
alpha activity
sleep
noncompetitive binding
association areas; projection areas
48. 'covering'
sensitivity
tegmentum
Hebb rule
neostriatum
49. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
diencephalon
umami
L-Dopa
trichromatic levels of color vision
50. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve X
K Complexes
homeostasis
thyroid