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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N
autonomic nervous system
nucleotides
lesions in the reticular activating system
ipsilateral
2. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
homeostasis
nigrostriatal system
cerebral cortex
hippocampus
3. Important to motor system
adrenal cortex
Ketamine
red nucleus + substantia nigra
the adrenal medulla
4. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
K Complexes
ethology
aphasia
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
5. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration
association areas; projection areas
norepinephrine
endorphin
tolerance
6. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
substantia nigra
nucleotides
hypothalamus
non-competitive binding
7. Norepinephrine and serotonin
the adrenal medulla
nystagmus
monoamine neurotransmitters
supernormal stimulus
8. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
cerebellum
slow-wave sleep
autolytic
subarachnoid space
9. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz
noncompetitive binding
path of cerebrospinal fluid
theta activity
prefrontal cortex
10. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
Hobson & McCarley
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
sleep
11. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
suprachiasmatic nucleus
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
receptive field
nigrostriatal system
12. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
septum
Cranial Nerve III
sleep spindles
13. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
autolytic
mesencephalon
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
inferior colliculi
14. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
tegmentum
hypothalamus
Cranial Nerves
subdural space
15. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
sexual dimorphic behavior
hypothalamus
nucleotides
collateral sprouting
16. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
indirect antagonists
the adrenal medulla
dopaminergic systems
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
17. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
Korsakoff'S amnesia
galvanic skin response (GSR)
pineal gland
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
18. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
tardive dyskinesia
REM rebound
lens
suprachiasmatic nucleus
19. Produces acetylcholine. One of the earliest sites of cell death in Alzheimer'S Disease (neurological disorder associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine) is in the basal forebrain
basal forebrain
Thompson & Spencer
thalamus
association areas; projection areas
20. The Lee-Boot effect - Whitten effect - Vandenbergh effect - and the Bruce effect; all mediated by the VNO
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
delta activity
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
21. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
Cranial Nerve III
Cranial Nerve V
reticulum
aphasia
22. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
mesencephalon
tardive dyskinesia
superior colliculi
subcortical structures
23. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
scotopic vision
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
neostriatum
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
24. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
amygdala
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
occipital lobes
hippocampus
25. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
zygote
vitreous humor
biological foundations
midbrain
26. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
nystagmus
autonomic nervous system
subcortical structures
27. Optic Nerve - sight
Cranial Nerve II
medial nucleus of the amygdala
biological etiology of schizophrenia
autolytic
28. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
ultimate biological considerations
Cranial Nerve III
agonist
sleep paralysis
29. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates
spinal cord
Lee-Boot effect
estrous cycle
monoamines
30. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
red nucleus + substantia nigra
path of cerebrospinal fluid
H.M
beta activity
31. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)
Cranial Nerve VI
Bruce effect
thalamus
Glial cells
32. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
tritanopia
spinal cord
tegmentum
sleep paralysis
33. Moving forward
Vomeronasal Organ
dopaminergic systems
anterograde
graded potentials
34. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
effects of repeated administration
sexual dimorphic behavior
supernormal stimulus
All-or-None Law
35. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
nystagmus
ovaries/testes
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
36. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
All-or-None Law
monoamines
non-competitive bonding
ultimate biological considerations
37. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
contralateral
ethology
ionotropic receptors
septal rage
38. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
Cranial Nerve XII
cutaneous senses
suspensory ligament
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
39. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
REM rebound
sleep attack
antagonist
projection area
40. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
equipotentiality
mammillary bodies
suprachiasmatic nucleus
neostriatum
41. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
myelin sheath
autonomic nervous system
accommodation (bodily)
efferent neurons
42. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
ventricles
association area
mesencephalon
sign stimulus
43. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
nystagmus
direct antagonist
lens
ovaries/testes
44. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum
nigrostriatal system
reciprocal innervation
spatial summation
anterior hypothalamus
45. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
Cranial Nerve XII
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
tyrosine
dirty medications; clean medications
46. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
Hebb rule
tegmentum
septum
effects of repeated administration
47. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
L-Dopa
basic rest-activity cycle
amygdala
48. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold
basic rest-activity cycle
cutaneous senses
progesterone
nigrostriatal system
49. There are 12 add more
anterograde
norepinephrine
vitreous humor
Cranial Nerves
50. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease
L-Dopa
biological etiology of schizophrenia
pheromone
superior colliculi