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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
dirty medications; clean medications
extirpation
adrenal cortex
2. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
antagonist
monoamine neurotransmitters
cerebellum
estrous cycle
3. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
acetylcholine
amacrine cells
affinity
4. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
accommodation (bodily)
hippocampus
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
cerebrospinal fluid
5. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
acetylcholine
proximal image
endorphin
6. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
tritanopia
ventricles
suprachiasmatic nucleus
iris
7. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
aqueous humor
synthesis-activation hypothesis
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
tegmentum
8. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
ipsilateral
triggers of behavior
All-or-None Law
collateral sprouting
9. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
antimanics
progesterone
umami
HPA Axis
10. Consummatory stimulus
projection fiber
consummatory stimulus
Cranial Nerve XI
substantia nigra
11. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum
prefrontal cortex
nigrostriatal system
affinity
hypocretin
12. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
prefrontal hypoactivity
ethology
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
sign stimulus
13. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal
cerebrospinal fluid
cingulate gyrus
amygdala
menstrual cycle
14. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
Cranial Nerve VII
sensitivity
meninges
reaction time
15. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
Lee-Boot effect
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
Thompson & Spencer
HPA Axis
16. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
meninges
occipital lobes
noncompetitive binding
norepinephrine
17. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
the adrenal medulla
proximal image
motor cortex
reticular formation
18. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep
proximal image
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
sleep paralysis
non-REM sleep
19. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia
osmoregulation
locus coeruleus
accommodation (bodily)
prefrontal hypoactivity
20. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
species- specific reactions
sensorimotor cortex
biological etiology of schizophrenia
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
21. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N
suspensory ligament
nigrostriatal system
All-or-None Law
autonomic nervous system
22. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
melatonin
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
dopaminergic systems
meninges
23. Reduces anxiety - released with NE in amygdala - hippocampus - basal ganglia - periaqueductal gray region - locus coeruleus and PFS; NPY is diminished in persons with PTSD/CPTSD and those exposed to chronic stress
hypnagogic activity
receptive field
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
mesencephalon
24. Caudate nucleus and putamen
hypothalamus
ovaries/testes
pineal gland
neostriatum
25. Glandular system control center - produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic; functions in both the nervous system and endocrine sytem - In the forebrain - regulates motivated behaviors (eating - drinking - aggression - sexual behavior
hypothalamus
basic rest-activity cycle
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
endocrine system
26. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
nucleotides
monoamines
direct antagonist
reticular formation
27. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina
Mesolimbic System
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
amygdala
28. Supernormal
nucleotides
receptive field
supernormal stimulus
reciprocal innervation
29. Produce drowsiness and sleepiness
cutaneous senses
zygote
lesions in the reticular activating system
association areas; projection areas
30. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
subarachnoid space
amygdala
proximal image
hypnagogic activity
31. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
Hebb rule
diencephalon
projection fiber
endogenous
32. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina
osmoregulation
cingulate gyrus
Cranial Nerve II
path of lightwaves entering eye
33. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
corpus callosum
dopaminergic systems
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
34. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
Mesolimbic System
association areas; projection areas
brainstem
Cranial Nerve V
35. Includes the tectum and tegmentum
Ketamine
ionotropic receptors
amacrine cells
mesencephalon
36. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
substantia nigra
spinal cord
indirect antagonists
extirpation
37. An ovary or teste
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Coolidge effect
Frontal lobe
gonad
38. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning
diencephalon
pupil
species- specific reactions
retinal ganglion cells
39. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
pineal gland
sleep paralysis
tyrosine
40. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)
proximate biological considerations
REM rebound
cataplexy
corpus callosum
41. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
retinal ganglion cells
ipsilateral
tolerance
indirect antagonists
42. Associated with (spoken) language reception/comprehension - memory processing - and emotional control; contains Wernicke'S area and the auditory cortex
temporal lobes
Cranial Nerve VIII
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
path of lightwaves entering eye
43. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
beta activity
substantia nigra
sleep attack
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
44. Holds the lens in place
reticulum
Cranial Nerve IV
suspensory ligament
diploid
45. Colored part of the eye
iris
phenotype
H.M
extirpation
46. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
ultimate biological considerations
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Cranial Nerve IX
dirty medications; clean medications
47. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb
effects of repeated administration
Mesocortical system
medial nucleus of the amygdala
spatial summation
48. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements
monozygotic twins
cerebellum
Frontal lobe
direct antagonist
49. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
ethology
hypothalamus
alpha activity
receptive field
50. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
medulla & pons
collateral sprouting
reciprocal innervation
hypothalamus
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