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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
endorphin
adrenal cortex
tectum
2. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Cranial Nerve V
ethology
3. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
amacrine cells
locus coeruleus
Frontal lobe
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
4. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
Coolidge effect
norepinephrine
law of specific nerve energies
occipital lobes
5. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
Korsakoff'S amnesia
cerebellum
projection fiber
amacrine cells
6. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
ionotropic receptors
Mesolimbic System
sleep spindles
nystagmus
7. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
inferior colliculi
mesencephalon
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
sensitivity
8. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
mammillary bodies
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
homeostasis
9. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz
homeostasis
Coolidge effect
vitreous humor
theta activity
10. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
tardive dyskinesia
septal rage
subarachnoid space
11. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
norepinephrine
Cranial Nerve XI
lens
non-competitive binding
12. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
affinity
monoamines
acetylcholine
parietal lobes
13. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)
subarachnoid space
reciprocal innervation
biological etiology of schizophrenia
subdural space
14. Hormones that reduce pain
cingulate gyrus
tolerance
endorphin & enkephalin
diploid
15. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body
amygdala
sign stimulus
aqueous humor
contralateral
16. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
Cranial Nerve VI
brainstem
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
17. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
autonomic nervous system
Cranial Nerve VI
aphasia
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
18. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
occipital lobes
Cranial Nerve IX
projection area
L-Dopa
19. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
monozygotic twins
cerebrospinal fluid
sexual dimorphic behavior
ionotropic receptors
20. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex
Mesocortical system
ovaries/testes
sexual dimorphic behavior
septum
21. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
osmoreceptors
homeostasis
menstrual cycle
receptor blockers
22. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
endocrine system
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
monoamines
Vomeronasal Organ
23. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
Cranial Nerve XI
sleep
fusiform face area
septum
24. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
tegmentum
noncompetitive binding
myelin sheath
basal ganglia
25. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
ipsilateral
hypocretin
amygdala
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
26. In the posterior frontal lobe - contains the somatosensory cortex (touch - pressure - temperature - pain)
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
diencephalon
non-competitive binding
parietal lobes
27. 'little net'
spinal cord
reticulum
All-or-None Law
osmoreceptors
28. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
sensitivity
hypothalamus + thalamus
motor cortex
amygdala
29. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
midbrain
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
equipotentiality
30. Produce drowsiness and sleepiness
species- specific reactions
lesions in the reticular activating system
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
Mesolimbic System
31. Moving forward
zygosity
delta activity
anterograde
Cranial Nerve VIII
32. Expression of traits
Cranial Nerve XII
Cranial Nerve IX
phenotype
cerebral cortex
33. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Hobson & McCarley
the 7 major neurotransmitters
polysomnograms
34. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia
autonomic nervous system
norepinephrine
Farber et al. (1995)
association area
35. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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36. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
anterior hypothalamus
superior colliculi
scotopic vision
noncompetitive binding
37. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
endorphin & enkephalin
cerebellum
subarachnoid space
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
38. Has a major role in metabolism - stimulation/maintenance - produces the hormones thyroxin and calcitonin
indirect antagonists
the adrenal medulla
thyroid
superior colliculi
39. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
septal rage
substantia nigra
Mesocortical system
biological etiology of schizophrenia
40. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
reticular formation
effects of repeated administration
sleep spindles
41. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
pheromone
cerebral cortex
bregma
amacrine cells
42. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
dopaminergic systems
direct antagonist
melatonin
amacrine cells
43. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
amygdala
meninges
aqueous humor
pheromone
44. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
synthesis-activation hypothesis
trichromatic levels of color vision
effects of repeated administration
norepinephrine
45. Norepinephrine and serotonin
Cranial Nerve VIII
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
tyrosine
monoamine neurotransmitters
46. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
cataplexy
proximal image
47. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
behavioral regulation
endogenous
nucleotides
tectum
48. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
path of cerebrospinal fluid
pupil
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
49. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
hypocretin
cataplexy
projection area
progesterone
50. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
hypothalamus
path of lightwaves entering eye
Cranial Nerve XII
beta activity