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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation






2. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone






3. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N






4. Occurs during the deepest stages of slow-wave sleep; regular - synchronous electrical activity of less than 4 Hz






5. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults






6. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal






7. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion






8. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)






9. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)






10. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)






11. Important to motor system






12. The visual image of the world on the retina






13. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra






14. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex






15. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier






16. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)






17. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)






18. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)






19. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles






20. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine






21. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells






22. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes






23. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)






24. Has neurons for reflexes






25. Sleepwalking - sleep talking






26. Associated with (spoken) language reception/comprehension - memory processing - and emotional control; contains Wernicke'S area and the auditory cortex






27. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine






28. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz






29. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side






30. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.






31. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death

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32. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)






33. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)






34. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei






35. Associated with defensive and aggressive behavior; lesions produce docility and hypersexual states (Kluver & Bucy)






36. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory






37. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)






38. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV






39. Made from within - natural






40. 'Roof'






41. ...






42. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp






43. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to






44. Glandular system control center - produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic; functions in both the nervous system and endocrine sytem - In the forebrain - regulates motivated behaviors (eating - drinking - aggression - sexual behavior






45. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)






46. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements






47. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration






48. Is regulated by the hypothalamus






49. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle






50. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep