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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration






2. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity






3. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex






4. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum






5. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system






6. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia






7. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system






8. Includes the tectum and tegmentum






9. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease






10. Is characteristic of indirect antagonists






11. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine






12. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)






13. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles






14. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)






15. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep






16. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone






17. Midbrain - medulla and the pons






18. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)






19. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp






20. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.






21. Abducens Nerve - moves eye






22. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation






23. Regulates body temperature






24. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity






25. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)






26. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep






27. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)






28. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)






29. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid






30. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi






31. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions






32. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications






33. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)






34. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)






35. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress






36. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -controls stress response






37. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates






38. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened






39. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue






40. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning






41. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity






42. Absolute; relative






43. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates






44. Sudden - sharp waveforms found only in Stage II of sleep; spontaneously occur about one per minute but also to unexpected noises






45. Sleepwalking - sleep talking






46. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine






47. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier






48. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory






49. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)






50. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red