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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
accommodation (bodily)
supernormal stimulus
Cranial Nerve VII
anterograde
2. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes
collateral sprouting
cataplexy
nystagmus
hindbrain
3. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus
Thompson & Spencer
Frontal lobe
Cranial Nerve III
H.M
4. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system
L-Dopa
brainstem
amygdala
proximate biological considerations
5. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
iris
hypothalamus
law of specific nerve energies
meninges
6. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
receptor blockers
Cranial Nerve X
tectum
efferent neurons
7. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
receptor blockers
basic rest-activity cycle
tectum
cingulate gyrus
8. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
absolute refractory periods
diencephalon
Cranial Nerve XII
monoamines
9. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
path of cerebrospinal fluid
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
Cranial Nerve IV
GABA
10. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
reticulum
monoamines
beta activity
medulla & pons
11. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
ionotropic receptors
ethology
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
tolerance
12. When a neuron reaches its excitation threshold - the neuron will produce an action potential of FIXED amplitude regardless of the magnitude of the stimulation
Vandenbergh effect
All-or-None Law
consummatory stimulus
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
13. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)
indirect antagonists
hypothalamus
equipotentiality
direct antagonist
14. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
prefrontal cortex
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
path of cerebrospinal fluid
Mesolimbic System
15. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
subcortical structures
amygdala
neostriatum
inferior colliculi
16. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
myelin sheath
reticular formation
pupil
subarachnoid space
17. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*
reaction time
nystagmus
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
agonist
18. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior
nigrostriatal system
tyrosine
anterior hypothalamus
Bruce effect
19. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
spatial summation
ethology
association area
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
20. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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21. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
basal ganglia
hypocretin
association areas; projection areas
non-competitive binding
22. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
inferior colliculi
motor cortex
hypothalamus
tyrosine
23. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)
nucleotides
sensorimotor cortex
Cranial Nerve IX
acetylcholine
24. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina
path of lightwaves entering eye
parathyroid
norepinephrine
beta activity
25. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals
corpus callosum
diploid
dopaminergic systems
Cranial Nerve I
26. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
theta activity
tritanopia
efferent neurons
27. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
All-or-None Law
lens
subcortical structures
28. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
delta activity
inferior colliculi
projection fiber
receptor blockers
29. Absolute; relative
law of specific nerve energies
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
vitreous humor
Cranial Nerve IX
30. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
Ketamine
Hebb rule
sleep
nystagmus
31. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
dirty medications; clean medications
autonomic nervous system
nystagmus
superior colliculi
32. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow
Cranial Nerve IX
hippocampus
adrenal cortex
anterior hypothalamus
33. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
triggers of behavior
norepinephrine
cingulate gyrus
reticular formation
34. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone
adrenal cortex
GABA
galvanic skin response (GSR)
pheromone
35. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
lesions in the reticular activating system
dopaminergic systems
scotopic vision
pituitary gland
36. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
neostriatum
stages of sleep
subcortical structures
menstrual cycle
37. Glandular system control center - produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic; functions in both the nervous system and endocrine sytem - In the forebrain - regulates motivated behaviors (eating - drinking - aggression - sexual behavior
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
hypothalamus
receptive field
subdural space
38. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
endorphin
homeostasis
zygosity
Vomeronasal Organ
39. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
HPA Axis
dopaminergic systems
Cranial Nerve XII
effects of repeated administration
40. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Cranial Nerve VIII
monoamine neurotransmitters
effects of repeated administration
41. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
tritanopia
the 7 major neurotransmitters
cerebrospinal fluid
sleep attack
42. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum
cerebral cortex
galvanic skin response (GSR)
reticular formation
hindbrain
43. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)
parathyroid
proximate biological considerations
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
retinal ganglion cells
44. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
dirty medications; clean medications
45. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi
iris
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
tectum
suprachiasmatic nucleus
46. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
dopaminergic systems
thalamus
hypothalamus
amacrine cells
47. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
non-REM sleep
tegmentum
septum
agonist
48. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
contralateral
slow-wave sleep
accommodation (bodily)
anterior hypothalamus
49. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
Thompson & Spencer
cerebrospinal fluid
reticulum
GABA
50. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
sleep paralysis
occipital lobes
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
basal forebrain