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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates
estrous cycle
brainstem
consummatory stimulus
theta activity
2. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
Mesolimbic System
ultimate biological considerations
neostriatum
mesencephalon
3. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
the adrenal medulla
trichromatic levels of color vision
sensorimotor cortex
noncompetitive binding
4. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
trichromatic levels of color vision
pineal gland
thalamus
sleep attack
5. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
medial nucleus of the amygdala
scotopic vision
monozygotic twins
Cranial Nerve V
6. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity
endogenous
non-competitive bonding
association areas; projection areas
graded potentials
7. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
thalamus
Vandenbergh effect
autolytic
8. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil
motor cortex
non-REM sleep
Hobson & McCarley
Cranial Nerve III
9. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
behavioral regulation
substantia nigra
pheromone
10. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
progesterone
mammillary bodies
GABA
ionotropic receptors
11. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
pituitary gland
delta activity
zygote
temporal summation
12. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
occipital lobes
dirty medications; clean medications
acetylcholine
hypothalamus
13. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
meninges
fusiform face area
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
antimanics
14. Occurs during the deepest stages of slow-wave sleep; regular - synchronous electrical activity of less than 4 Hz
Cranial Nerve III
red nucleus + substantia nigra
delta activity
basal ganglia
15. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal
thyroid
receptive field
temporal lobes
cerebrospinal fluid
16. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
tolerance
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
pineal gland
17. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
graded potentials
association area
spinal cord
sign stimulus
18. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine
Lee-Boot effect
monoamine neurotransmitters
Whitten effect
Cranial Nerves
19. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
red nucleus + substantia nigra
endorphin & enkephalin
pheromone
tolerance
20. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity
monozygotic twins
norepinephrine
Coolidge effect
sleep attack
21. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
hippocampus
temporal summation
REM rebound
bregma
22. When a neuron reaches its excitation threshold - the neuron will produce an action potential of FIXED amplitude regardless of the magnitude of the stimulation
hindbrain
tegmentum
All-or-None Law
non-competitive binding
23. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
subarachnoid space
substantia nigra
amygdala
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
24. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
lens
Cranial Nerve IV
subcortical structures
supernormal stimulus
25. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
Vomeronasal Organ
hypocretin
behavioral regulation
hypothalamus
26. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
diencephalon
Vomeronasal Organ
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
sleep spindles
27. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
norepinephrine
Cranial Nerve XI
REM sleep
28. Sign
basal forebrain
Farber et al. (1995)
sign stimulus
lens
29. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
alpha activity
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
reaction time
Yerkes-Dodson Law
30. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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31. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
non-competitive bonding
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Ketamine
32. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
ethology
antimanics
cerebellum
osmoregulation
33. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
nigrostriatal system
acetylcholine
aqueous humor
cerebellum
34. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
contralateral
Cranial Nerve VI
sleep paralysis
cingulate gyrus
35. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)
hypothalamus
temporal lobes
melatonin
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
36. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
amacrine cells
osmoreceptors
Cranial Nerve III
prefrontal hypoactivity
37. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
proximal image
sleep attack
38. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone
adrenal cortex
consummatory stimulus
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
subcortical structures
39. Regulates body temperature
homeostatic regulation
theta activity
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
hypothalamus
40. ...
law of specific nerve energies
Whitten effect
menstrual cycle
REM rebound
41. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
Vandenbergh effect
antagonist
equipotentiality
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
42. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
tectum
myelin sheath
sexual dimorphic behavior
Cranial Nerve VIII
43. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
Mesolimbic System
non-competitive binding
superior colliculi
hypothalamus + thalamus
44. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit
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45. Produce drowsiness and sleepiness
suprachiasmatic nucleus
basal forebrain
prefrontal hypoactivity
lesions in the reticular activating system
46. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
biological foundations
retinal ganglion cells
estrous cycle
medulla & pons
47. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
estrous cycle
umami
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
ethology
48. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.
Thompson & Spencer
law of specific nerve energies
medial nucleus of the amygdala
biological foundations
49. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
effects of repeated administration
locus coeruleus
thyroid
noncompetitive binding
50. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
dopaminergic systems
corpus callosum
endorphin