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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
GABA
biological foundations
REM sleep
contralateral
2. The Lee-Boot effect - Whitten effect - Vandenbergh effect - and the Bruce effect; all mediated by the VNO
homeostatic regulation
amygdala
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
medial nucleus of the amygdala
3. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia
osmoregulation
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
Farber et al. (1995)
suprachiasmatic nucleus
4. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
fusiform face area
efferent neurons
anterograde
5. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
tyrosine
path of lightwaves entering eye
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
synthesis-activation hypothesis
6. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals
dirty medications; clean medications
diploid
sleep paralysis
endocrine system
7. There are 12 add more
Cranial Nerves
amygdala
association area
osmoregulation
8. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
indirect antagonists
ionotropic receptors
Cranial Nerve I
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
9. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
substantia nigra
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
endorphin
sexual dimorphic behavior
10. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
receptor blockers
the adrenal medulla
fusiform face area
norepinephrine
11. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
superior colliculi
hypocretin
theta activity
the 7 major neurotransmitters
12. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
Bem'S Androgyny studies
path of lightwaves entering eye
Mesolimbic System
affinity
13. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
sensorimotor cortex
REM rebound
osmoregulation
hypothalamus + thalamus
14. Trochlear Nerve - moves eye
Cranial Nerve VIII
Cranial Nerve IV
tritanopia
amacrine cells
15. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
efferent neurons
biological etiology of schizophrenia
hypothalamus
Thompson & Spencer
16. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
ovaries/testes
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
direct antagonist
monoamines
17. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety
endorphin
endogenous
noncompetitive binding
Vandenbergh effect
18. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
homeostasis
autonomic nervous system
non-competitive binding
triggers of behavior
19. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia
ipsilateral
homeostasis
prefrontal hypoactivity
receptive field
20. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum
ethology
basal ganglia
mesencephalon
ultimate biological considerations
21. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
amygdala
Frontal lobe
Cranial Nerves
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
22. Projects to ventral tegmental area
Farber et al. (1995)
red nucleus + substantia nigra
septal rage
prefrontal cortex
23. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
mesencephalon
proximate biological considerations
ethology
24. The visual image of the world on the retina
vitreous humor
reaction time
proximal image
spatial summation
25. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
zygote
diencephalon
acetylcholine
effects of repeated administration
26. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit
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27. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
hypothalamus
homeostatic regulation
temporal lobes
ipsilateral
28. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
Cranial Nerve X
ethology
tectum
theta activity
29. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)
indirect antagonists
L-Dopa
norepinephrine
diploid
30. An ovary or teste
gonad
synthesis-activation hypothesis
Vomeronasal Organ
subarachnoid space
31. Supernormal
relative refractory period
supernormal stimulus
reticular formation
association areas; projection areas
32. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
neostriatum
reciprocal innervation
hypocretin
33. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
sleep attack
spinal cord
34. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum
reciprocal innervation
amygdala
hindbrain
phenotype
35. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
anterograde
sleep
Vomeronasal Organ
36. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
hypothalamus
cerebral cortex
efferent neurons
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
37. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
triggers of behavior
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
zygosity
antagonist
38. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
trichromatic levels of color vision
tyrosine
diencephalon
agonist
39. ...
law of specific nerve energies
Hobson & McCarley
dopaminergic systems
alpha activity
40. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid
parathyroid
proximal image
H.M
Farber et al. (1995)
41. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N
autonomic nervous system
suspensory ligament
meninges
zygote
42. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
pupil
contralateral
affinity
Hobson & McCarley
43. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
trichromatic levels of color vision
meninges
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
aphasia
44. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
Lee-Boot effect
law of specific nerve energies
substantia nigra
absolute refractory periods
45. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
monozygotic twins
cerebral cortex
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
dopaminergic systems
46. 'little brain'
mesencephalon
cerebellum
tolerance
prefrontal hypoactivity
47. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
endocrine system
progesterone
beta activity
Cranial Nerves
48. 'little net'
reticulum
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
anterior hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve XII
49. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
tardive dyskinesia
fornix
stages of sleep
50. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
All-or-None Law
melatonin
Hobson & McCarley
trichromatic levels of color vision
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