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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
trichromatic levels of color vision
myelin sheath
medulla & pons
2. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
substantia nigra
pupil
monoamine neurotransmitters
tegmentum
3. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
Hobson & McCarley
biological foundations
GABA
diencephalon
4. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
adrenal cortex
behavioral regulation
non-competitive binding
amygdala
5. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia
Cranial Nerve VII
monozygotic twins
equipotentiality
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
6. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
ovaries/testes
tardive dyskinesia
basal ganglia
inferior colliculi
7. Norepinephrine and serotonin
monoamine neurotransmitters
menstrual cycle
fornix
noncompetitive binding
8. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina
suspensory ligament
reticular formation
path of lightwaves entering eye
cingulate gyrus
9. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
prefrontal hypoactivity
GABA
extirpation
pituitary gland
10. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates
path of lightwaves entering eye
estrous cycle
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
Bruce effect
11. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
mesencephalon
All-or-None Law
lipid soluble drugs/medications
projection fiber
12. Associated with defensive and aggressive behavior; lesions produce docility and hypersexual states (Kluver & Bucy)
amygdala
zygosity
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
ultimate biological considerations
13. Trochlear Nerve - moves eye
species- specific reactions
phenotype
Cranial Nerve IV
association areas; projection areas
14. There are 12 add more
anterior hypothalamus
Cranial Nerves
consummatory stimulus
sensorimotor cortex
15. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
Cranial Nerve II
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
ionotropic receptors
midbrain
16. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
receptive field
Hobson & McCarley
aqueous humor
Cranial Nerve VI
17. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements
18. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
adrenal cortex
tectum
lipid soluble drugs/medications
spatial summation
19. The maintenance of water balance in the body
endorphin & enkephalin
basic rest-activity cycle
noncompetitive binding
osmoregulation
20. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
umami
Glial cells
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
21. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -controls stress response
delta activity
monoamines
thalamus
HPA Axis
22. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
endorphin & enkephalin
REM sleep
hindbrain
prefrontal cortex
23. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum
hindbrain
nigrostriatal system
Lee-Boot effect
prefrontal hypoactivity
24. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep
synthesis-activation hypothesis
sleep paralysis
cataplexy
Cranial Nerve III
25. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
Cranial Nerve I
mesencephalon
medulla & pons
Cranial Nerve VI
26. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
dirty medications; clean medications
red nucleus + substantia nigra
galvanic skin response (GSR)
direct antagonist
27. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
28. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
the 7 major neurotransmitters
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
ovaries/testes
29. Colored part of the eye
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
non-competitive bonding
cerebrospinal fluid
iris
30. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
ipsilateral
REM rebound
subdural space
occipital lobes
31. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance
Cranial Nerve VIII
Ketamine
vitreous humor
projection areas
32. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes
Thompson & Spencer
efferent neurons
amacrine cells
cataplexy
33. Associated with (spoken) language reception/comprehension - memory processing - and emotional control; contains Wernicke'S area and the auditory cortex
temporal lobes
spinal cord
tectum
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
34. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
locus coeruleus
slow-wave sleep
hippocampus
homeostasis
35. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
substantia nigra
Cranial Nerve VIII
biological etiology of schizophrenia
sensorimotor cortex
36. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
non-REM sleep
zygosity
adrenal cortex
aqueous humor
37. Projects to ventral tegmental area
zygosity
spinal cord
prefrontal cortex
thyroid
38. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
cerebellum
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
spinal cord
mammillary bodies
39. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
bregma
spatial summation
diencephalon
triggers of behavior
40. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration
lesions in the reticular activating system
tolerance
ventricles
midbrain
41. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
zygote
Cranial Nerve X
amacrine cells
indirect antagonists
42. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
nigrostriatal system
pheromone
scotopic vision
zygosity
43. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
Cranial Nerve IX
medulla & pons
melatonin
the 7 major neurotransmitters
44. Produce drowsiness and sleepiness
tectum
lesions in the reticular activating system
norepinephrine
locus coeruleus
45. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
midbrain
non-competitive binding
delta activity
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
46. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
synthesis-activation hypothesis
temporal summation
meninges
47. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
subarachnoid space
bregma
suprachiasmatic nucleus
effects of repeated administration
48. 'covering'
tolerance
hippocampus
non-competitive binding
tegmentum
49. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi
ventricles
sleep spindles
tectum
medulla & pons
50. Referred to as the satiety center; lesions lead to obesity and hyperphagia
trichromatic levels of color vision
Cranial Nerve X
spatial summation
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)