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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
reticulum
fusiform face area
autonomic nervous system
L-Dopa
2. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
absolute refractory periods
zygote
cerebellum
sleep attack
3. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
basal ganglia
menstrual cycle
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
All-or-None Law
4. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
acetylcholine
REM sleep
cerebellum
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
5. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
sleep
acetylcholine
Lee-Boot effect
triggers of behavior
6. Olfactory Nerve - smell
trichromatic levels of color vision
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
anterior hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve I
7. A BEHAVIOR; insistent urge of sleepiness forces us to seek sleep/a bad
projection area
suprachiasmatic nucleus
non-REM sleep
sleep
8. In the posterior frontal lobe - contains the somatosensory cortex (touch - pressure - temperature - pain)
tyrosine
substantia nigra
parietal lobes
retinal ganglion cells
9. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
homeostatic regulation
GABA
tegmentum
pheromone
10. Absolute; relative
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
beta activity
proximal image
11. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)
suprachiasmatic nucleus
non-competitive bonding
tyrosine
noncompetitive binding
12. 'covering'
autolytic
iris
dopaminergic systems
tegmentum
13. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
Cranial Nerve XI
Ketamine
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
endorphin
14. Termination of pregnancy by the odor of a pheromone in the urine of a male other than the one that impregnated the female; first observed in mice
Bruce effect
cerebral cortex
hypothalamus
hypothalamus + thalamus
15. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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16. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
cerebrospinal fluid
ethology
All-or-None Law
17. The maintenance of water balance in the body
sleep spindles
collateral sprouting
osmoregulation
dirty medications; clean medications
18. The visual image of the world on the retina
proximal image
lipid soluble drugs/medications
fusiform face area
prefrontal hypoactivity
19. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine
Whitten effect
relative refractory period
homeostasis
reticular formation
20. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
sensorimotor cortex
reticulum
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
Glial cells
21. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
sign stimulus
diploid
Thompson & Spencer
effects of repeated administration
22. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
consummatory stimulus
osmoregulation
cerebellum
ultimate biological considerations
23. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
suprachiasmatic nucleus
subcortical structures
hair cells
ionotropic receptors
24. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
autonomic nervous system
medial nucleus of the amygdala
Mesolimbic System
ultimate biological considerations
25. 'little brain'
cerebellum
basic rest-activity cycle
indirect antagonists
L-Dopa
26. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
subdural space
diencephalon
cerebral cortex
27. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
hypothalamus
meninges
biological etiology of schizophrenia
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
28. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
progesterone
direct antagonist
biological etiology of schizophrenia
sleep attack
29. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
pituitary gland
tolerance
reticular formation
autolytic
30. Produces acetylcholine. One of the earliest sites of cell death in Alzheimer'S Disease (neurological disorder associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine) is in the basal forebrain
endorphin & enkephalin
effects of repeated administration
lipid soluble drugs/medications
basal forebrain
31. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
basal forebrain
reticular formation
Cranial Nerve VIII
dopaminergic systems
32. There are 12 add more
Cranial Nerves
diploid
synthesis-activation hypothesis
collateral sprouting
33. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia
diploid
subcortical structures
prefrontal hypoactivity
Frontal lobe
34. Phantom limb pain - hypnotic induction and the success rate of placebo treatments
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
anterior hypothalamus
parathyroid
meninges
35. Norepinephrine and serotonin
monoamine neurotransmitters
hippocampus
Korsakoff'S amnesia
Vandenbergh effect
36. Made from within - natural
pheromone
endogenous
hypothalamus
meninges
37. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
Cranial Nerve III
Bem'S Androgyny studies
projection fiber
zygosity
38. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
inferior colliculi
absolute refractory periods
cerebellum
retinal ganglion cells
39. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
ovaries/testes
Cranial Nerve VII
basal forebrain
biological foundations
40. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
autonomic nervous system
monozygotic twins
K Complexes
receptor blockers
41. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
noncompetitive binding
aphasia
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
cerebrospinal fluid
42. Are found in the diencephalon
hypothalamus + thalamus
Cranial Nerve IV
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
extirpation
43. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
tegmentum
myelin sheath
tolerance
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
44. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
Yerkes-Dodson Law
estrous cycle
Bruce effect
umami
45. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
subarachnoid space
lens
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
collateral sprouting
46. Self-dissolving
Mesolimbic System
law of specific nerve energies
autolytic
Cranial Nerve VI
47. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
red nucleus + substantia nigra
association areas; projection areas
tegmentum
48. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
basal forebrain
brainstem
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
cutaneous senses
49. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal
cerebrospinal fluid
spatial summation
meninges
Farber et al. (1995)
50. 'little net'
reticulum
melatonin
sensorimotor cortex
dopamine (neurotransmitter)