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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum
subcortical structures
cataplexy
cingulate gyrus
hippocampus
2. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
proximal image
monozygotic twins
parietal lobes
parathyroid
3. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
adrenal cortex
association areas; projection areas
pupil
estrous cycle
4. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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5. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges
lesions in the reticular activating system
Cranial Nerve VI
proximal image
subdural space
6. Important to motor system
tyrosine
iris
species- specific reactions
red nucleus + substantia nigra
7. Regulates body temperature
Cranial Nerve VII
hypothalamus
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
indirect antagonists
8. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
proximate biological considerations
tegmentum
temporal lobes
Frontal lobe
9. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity
diploid
reticulum
graded potentials
the adrenal medulla
10. Projects to ventral tegmental area
non-competitive binding
ultimate biological considerations
prefrontal cortex
subcortical structures
11. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
law of specific nerve energies
Cranial Nerve III
fornix
suprachiasmatic nucleus
12. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
nigrostriatal system
endocrine system
prefrontal cortex
pheromone
13. Sleep tests (i.e. to diagnosis sleep apnea)
noncompetitive binding
polysomnograms
trichromatic levels of color vision
nucleotides
14. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus
temporal summation
hypnagogic activity
antagonist
Frontal lobe
15. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
hypothalamus + thalamus
hypothalamus
inferior colliculi
monoamines
16. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
reciprocal innervation
Cranial Nerve VI
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
17. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
Bem'S Androgyny studies
medial nucleus of the amygdala
ultimate biological considerations
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
18. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
parietal lobes
indirect antagonists
endocrine system
ovaries/testes
19. Sign
non-competitive bonding
biological foundations
sign stimulus
nigrostriatal system
20. Sudden - sharp waveforms found only in Stage II of sleep; spontaneously occur about one per minute but also to unexpected noises
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
hypothalamus + thalamus
K Complexes
synthesis-activation hypothesis
21. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
spatial summation
hypothalamus
neostriatum
22. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands
association area
umami
gonad
projection areas
23. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*
reaction time
homeostatic regulation
hippocampus
ultimate biological considerations
24. Are found in the diencephalon
law of specific nerve energies
medulla & pons
hypothalamus + thalamus
hypothalamus
25. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety
the 7 major neurotransmitters
endorphin
non-REM sleep
Vomeronasal Organ
26. Optic Nerve - sight
Cranial Nerve II
delta activity
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
27. Associated with defensive and aggressive behavior; lesions produce docility and hypersexual states (Kluver & Bucy)
amygdala
red nucleus + substantia nigra
cerebral cortex
Cranial Nerve XI
28. There are 12 add more
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
cerebellum
locus coeruleus
Cranial Nerves
29. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice
Cranial Nerve XII
association area
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Vandenbergh effect
30. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
trichromatic levels of color vision
Mesocortical system
31. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
Bruce effect
cerebellum
hypothalamus
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
32. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
cingulate gyrus
aqueous humor
extirpation
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
33. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
behavioral regulation
hypocretin
Thompson & Spencer
collateral sprouting
34. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
inferior colliculi
dopaminergic systems
monoamines
absolute refractory periods
35. Occurs during the deepest stages of slow-wave sleep; regular - synchronous electrical activity of less than 4 Hz
delta activity
REM rebound
sleep spindles
monoamines
36. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
hypothalamus
affinity
spinal cord
delta activity
37. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
menstrual cycle
progesterone
ultimate biological considerations
path of cerebrospinal fluid
38. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
autolytic
septum
nystagmus
retinal ganglion cells
39. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract
osmoreceptors
norepinephrine
ipsilateral
acetylcholine
40. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
receptor blockers
Cranial Nerves
equipotentiality
41. Expression of traits
locus coeruleus
phenotype
delta activity
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
42. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
sleep paralysis
subcortical structures
Vomeronasal Organ
tyrosine
43. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
dopaminergic systems
the 7 major neurotransmitters
tegmentum
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
44. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal
monoamine neurotransmitters
cerebrospinal fluid
graded potentials
cutaneous senses
45. Controls sexual activity
anterior hypothalamus
fornix
sign stimulus
non-REM sleep
46. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
supernormal stimulus
Cranial Nerve V
lipid soluble drugs/medications
alpha activity
47. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Bruce effect
sleep attack
corpus callosum
48. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
superior colliculi
tolerance
path of cerebrospinal fluid
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
49. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
polysomnograms
sensorimotor cortex
graded potentials
50. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina
path of lightwaves entering eye
agonist
gonad
endocrine system