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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements
autonomic nervous system
cerebellum
reticular formation
beta activity
2. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
agonist
medulla & pons
bregma
amacrine cells
3. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
pineal gland
reticular formation
temporal lobes
4. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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5. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
effects of repeated administration
collateral sprouting
Korsakoff'S amnesia
menstrual cycle
6. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
anterograde
sleep spindles
the 7 major neurotransmitters
reaction time
7. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
association areas; projection areas
reaction time
motor cortex
endocrine system
8. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
Hobson & McCarley
sleep attack
proximal image
hypothalamus
9. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
contralateral
non-REM sleep
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
accommodation (bodily)
10. Part of limbic system; protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus - contains some hypothalamic nuclei
theta activity
sign stimulus
mammillary bodies
trichromatic levels of color vision
11. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum
superior colliculi
Hebb rule
cingulate gyrus
tyrosine
12. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
Cranial Nerve III
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
hair cells
nystagmus
13. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
osmoregulation
Cranial Nerves
GABA
endocrine system
14. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
Ketamine
diencephalon
sensitivity
noncompetitive binding
15. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
reaction time
medulla & pons
pheromone
Farber et al. (1995)
16. Self-dissolving
umami
Whitten effect
effects of repeated administration
autolytic
17. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
inferior colliculi
biological etiology of schizophrenia
equipotentiality
midbrain
18. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
cataplexy
parathyroid
subarachnoid space
extirpation
19. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
substantia nigra
noncompetitive binding
Cranial Nerve I
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
20. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
inferior colliculi
osmoreceptors
ethology
amygdala
21. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
effects of repeated administration
lesions in the reticular activating system
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
receptive field
22. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
reticulum
trichromatic levels of color vision
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
23. Projects to ventral tegmental area
graded potentials
prefrontal cortex
Whitten effect
equipotentiality
24. Include indolamines (serotonin) and catecholamines (dopamine - norepinephrine and epinephrine)
substantia nigra
monoamines
delta activity
aphasia
25. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice
acetylcholine
Vandenbergh effect
effects of repeated administration
autonomic nervous system
26. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
beta activity
Cranial Nerve VI
fusiform face area
parietal lobes
27. Is characteristic of indirect antagonist drugs
REM sleep
noncompetitive binding
umami
subdural space
28. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia
projection area
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
biological etiology of schizophrenia
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
29. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
cerebrospinal fluid
beta activity
effects of repeated administration
HPA Axis
30. Optic Nerve - sight
pheromone
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
All-or-None Law
Cranial Nerve II
31. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
efferent neurons
proximate biological considerations
hypothalamus
32. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract
acetylcholine
vitreous humor
theta activity
sexual dimorphic behavior
33. A BEHAVIOR; insistent urge of sleepiness forces us to seek sleep/a bad
sleep
Lee-Boot effect
non-competitive binding
Cranial Nerves
34. The visual image of the world on the retina
consummatory stimulus
suspensory ligament
proximal image
norepinephrine
35. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
Glial cells
Vomeronasal Organ
septum
graded potentials
36. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)
reciprocal innervation
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
Cranial Nerves
37. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
pituitary gland
pineal gland
Frontal lobe
non-competitive bonding
38. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands
septal rage
motor cortex
projection areas
synthesis-activation hypothesis
39. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
stages of sleep
hindbrain
Coolidge effect
extirpation
40. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
indirect antagonists
synthesis-activation hypothesis
tectum
H.M
41. 'Roof'
anterior hypothalamus
substantia nigra
suprachiasmatic nucleus
tectum
42. Has a major role in metabolism - stimulation/maintenance - produces the hormones thyroxin and calcitonin
the adrenal medulla
thyroid
aqueous humor
bregma
43. Sudden - sharp waveforms found only in Stage II of sleep; spontaneously occur about one per minute but also to unexpected noises
K Complexes
dopaminergic systems
parathyroid
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
44. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
diencephalon
path of cerebrospinal fluid
phenotype
spatial summation
45. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain
association areas; projection areas
norepinephrine
ionotropic receptors
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
46. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
cerebellum
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
efferent neurons
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
47. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
direct antagonist
Cranial Nerve I
reciprocal innervation
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
48. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
meninges
Yerkes-Dodson Law
tegmentum
indirect antagonists
49. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
indirect antagonists
delta activity
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
amacrine cells
50. Consummatory stimulus
graded potentials
consummatory stimulus
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
cingulate gyrus