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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)






2. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum






3. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates






4. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals






5. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier






6. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress






7. ...






8. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive






9. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)






10. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important






11. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum






12. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation






13. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses






14. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina






15. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity






16. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)






17. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine






18. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex






19. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory






20. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice






21. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms






22. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon






23. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus






24. Smooth electrical activity of 8-12 Hz -medium frequency - awake but in a restful state (^ eyes closed but conscious)






25. 'little brain'






26. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid






27. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)






28. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -controls stress response






29. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum






30. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red






31. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity






32. Trochlear Nerve - moves eye






33. Abducens Nerve - moves eye






34. Controls sexual activity






35. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic






36. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle






37. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration






38. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory






39. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia






40. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine






41. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep






42. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum






43. 'little net'






44. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system






45. Are found in the diencephalon






46. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses






47. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus






48. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in






49. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)






50. Optic Nerve - sight







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