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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid
nucleotides
ventricles
proximal image
stages of sleep
2. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
trichromatic levels of color vision
biological foundations
indirect antagonists
Cranial Nerve X
3. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
tyrosine
the 7 major neurotransmitters
effects of repeated administration
Mesocortical system
4. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
agonist
septum
ultimate biological considerations
Mesolimbic System
5. Relays nerve impulses - processes sensory impulses - reflex behavior and contains nerve cell bodies
Coolidge effect
spinal cord
mesencephalon
the 7 major neurotransmitters
6. A single - unfertilized cell created during conception; the combined egg + sperm
zygote
galvanic skin response (GSR)
extirpation
acetylcholine
7. 'little brain'
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
cerebellum
Frontal lobe
corpus callosum
8. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
reticular formation
fornix
path of cerebrospinal fluid
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
9. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
autonomic nervous system
nigrostriatal system
stages of sleep
10. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
projection area
tyrosine
basic rest-activity cycle
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
11. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
tegmentum
equipotentiality
Yerkes-Dodson Law
tolerance
12. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
tritanopia
stages of sleep
Lee-Boot effect
hypnagogic activity
13. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
Cranial Nerve XII
effects of repeated administration
absolute refractory periods
pituitary gland
14. In the posterior frontal lobe - contains the somatosensory cortex (touch - pressure - temperature - pain)
Bem'S Androgyny studies
Cranial Nerve VIII
endorphin & enkephalin
parietal lobes
15. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
extirpation
hippocampus
Korsakoff'S amnesia
hypothalamus
16. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
slow-wave sleep
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
temporal summation
autonomic nervous system
17. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
pineal gland
Cranial Nerve II
autonomic nervous system
supernormal stimulus
18. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
projection areas
amygdala
subarachnoid space
the 7 major neurotransmitters
19. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
fornix
corpus callosum
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
ovaries/testes
20. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
dopaminergic systems
Cranial Nerve I
pheromone
tardive dyskinesia
21. Occurs when their is damage to the septal area and results in unchecked aggressive and vicious behavior
Frontal lobe
tritanopia
subcortical structures
septal rage
22. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
Mesolimbic System
Cranial Nerve I
Bruce effect
agonist
23. Holds the lens in place
slow-wave sleep
projection areas
suspensory ligament
tyrosine
24. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
parietal lobes
basic rest-activity cycle
absolute refractory periods
25. Expression of traits
hindbrain
phenotype
the 7 major neurotransmitters
indirect antagonists
26. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
equipotentiality
reticulum
mesencephalon
homeostatic regulation
27. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold
Cranial Nerve X
hypothalamus
cutaneous senses
HPA Axis
28. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
indirect antagonists
pituitary gland
ovaries/testes
slow-wave sleep
29. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum
septum
proximate biological considerations
hindbrain
absolute refractory periods
30. There are 12 add more
Bruce effect
projection areas
tectum
Cranial Nerves
31. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect
amacrine cells
biological etiology of schizophrenia
dirty medications; clean medications
suprachiasmatic nucleus
32. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
GABA
hypothalamus
cerebellum
33. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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34. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
projection fiber
nucleotides
Hebb rule
diencephalon
35. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
retinal ganglion cells
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
projection fiber
pupil
36. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
antagonist
adrenal cortex
pituitary gland
biological etiology of schizophrenia
37. Controls sexual activity
cerebellum
anterior hypothalamus
motor cortex
nigrostriatal system
38. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
ipsilateral
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Whitten effect
39. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
ventricles
aqueous humor
contralateral
behavioral regulation
40. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
tolerance
neostriatum
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
GABA
41. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
non-competitive bonding
Cranial Nerve III
tardive dyskinesia
42. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
bregma
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
pupil
gonad
43. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential
neostriatum
hypocretin
nystagmus
relative refractory period
44. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)
parathyroid
sensitivity
tyrosine
spinal cord
45. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
association area
anterior hypothalamus
menstrual cycle
sexual dimorphic behavior
46. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges
subdural space
the 7 major neurotransmitters
umami
aqueous humor
47. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
gonad
norepinephrine
stages of sleep
48. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
noncompetitive binding
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
thyroid
49. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
association area
spinal cord
antimanics
50. Transparent substance between lens and retina
vitreous humor
basal forebrain
ethology
antimanics