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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
Cranial Nerve VII
Cranial Nerve III
septum
suprachiasmatic nucleus
2. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
the adrenal medulla
consummatory stimulus
tectum
corpus callosum
3. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
hippocampus
cerebellum
medial nucleus of the amygdala
4. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
monozygotic twins
Cranial Nerve VII
hypothalamus
red nucleus + substantia nigra
5. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
fornix
the adrenal medulla
sign stimulus
effects of repeated administration
6. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
cerebellum
cerebrospinal fluid
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
reciprocal innervation
7. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
zygote
hindbrain
accommodation (bodily)
homeostatic regulation
8. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex
adrenal cortex
Mesocortical system
anterograde
hypothalamus + thalamus
9. Controls sexual activity
midbrain
anterior hypothalamus
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
Cranial Nerve VII
10. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
anterior hypothalamus
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
menstrual cycle
retinal ganglion cells
11. Consummatory stimulus
consummatory stimulus
monoamines
tegmentum
aqueous humor
12. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
extirpation
tegmentum
Cranial Nerve V
trichromatic levels of color vision
13. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
lipid soluble drugs/medications
Mesolimbic System
pituitary gland
14. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
menstrual cycle
corpus callosum
endorphin
monozygotic twins
15. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
lipid soluble drugs/medications
indirect antagonists
septal rage
projection fiber
16. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
Coolidge effect
mesencephalon
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
retinal ganglion cells
17. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
Lee-Boot effect
autonomic nervous system
Cranial Nerve VII
path of cerebrospinal fluid
18. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
inferior colliculi
Cranial Nerve X
path of cerebrospinal fluid
tectum
19. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
motor cortex
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
beta activity
20. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
progesterone
GABA
biological etiology of schizophrenia
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
21. When a neuron reaches its excitation threshold - the neuron will produce an action potential of FIXED amplitude regardless of the magnitude of the stimulation
norepinephrine
All-or-None Law
hypothalamus + thalamus
parietal lobes
22. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
basal forebrain
zygosity
behavioral regulation
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
23. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
direct antagonist
autolytic
projection area
substantia nigra
24. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)
myelin sheath
biological foundations
fornix
cerebellum
25. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes
cataplexy
galvanic skin response (GSR)
medial nucleus of the amygdala
endorphin & enkephalin
26. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
dopaminergic systems
nigrostriatal system
nystagmus
Mesolimbic System
27. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
anterior hypothalamus
aqueous humor
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
hypothalamus
28. Colored part of the eye
menstrual cycle
basal ganglia
Cranial Nerve XI
iris
29. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges
retinal ganglion cells
subdural space
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
HPA Axis
30. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
bregma
temporal lobes
aqueous humor
sexual dimorphic behavior
31. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold
cutaneous senses
Cranial Nerve VIII
amygdala
Whitten effect
32. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
Cranial Nerve XI
progesterone
amygdala
sleep paralysis
33. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
brainstem
Hobson & McCarley
sleep spindles
sexual dimorphic behavior
34. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
anterior hypothalamus
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
endocrine system
temporal lobes
35. Caudate nucleus and putamen
Cranial Nerve IX
subarachnoid space
antagonist
neostriatum
36. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
Cranial Nerve I
tyrosine
proximal image
subarachnoid space
37. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
alpha activity
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
proximate biological considerations
38. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
consummatory stimulus
hippocampus
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
cutaneous senses
39. Expression of traits
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
ovaries/testes
phenotype
norepinephrine
40. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
path of cerebrospinal fluid
the 7 major neurotransmitters
association areas; projection areas
pituitary gland
41. Has neurons for reflexes
spinal cord
Korsakoff'S amnesia
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
lens
42. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
Hebb rule
cerebral cortex
dopaminergic systems
nystagmus
43. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
trichromatic levels of color vision
ionotropic receptors
biological etiology of schizophrenia
hypothalamus
44. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain
association area
lipid soluble drugs/medications
cerebellum
norepinephrine
45. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
homeostatic regulation
bregma
meninges
lesions in the reticular activating system
46. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
extirpation
anterior hypothalamus
behavioral regulation
tolerance
47. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
umami
sign stimulus
association areas; projection areas
All-or-None Law
48. A BEHAVIOR; insistent urge of sleepiness forces us to seek sleep/a bad
species- specific reactions
sleep
GABA
tolerance
49. ...
amacrine cells
law of specific nerve energies
septal rage
substantia nigra
50. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid
antimanics
projection area
relative refractory period
ventricles