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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)
Bem'S Androgyny studies
amygdala
indirect antagonists
contralateral
2. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
prefrontal cortex
ultimate biological considerations
tegmentum
indirect antagonists
3. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia
projection fiber
Ketamine
anterior hypothalamus
Farber et al. (1995)
4. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
hypnagogic activity
absolute refractory periods
beta activity
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
5. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.
effects of repeated administration
Cranial Nerve VIII
inferior colliculi
Thompson & Spencer
6. Sudden - sharp waveforms found only in Stage II of sleep; spontaneously occur about one per minute but also to unexpected noises
contralateral
tegmentum
parietal lobes
K Complexes
7. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid
ventricles
estrous cycle
motor cortex
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
8. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
tegmentum
Thompson & Spencer
osmoreceptors
projection areas
9. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
mesencephalon
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
behavioral regulation
reticulum
10. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect
dirty medications; clean medications
tyrosine
pituitary gland
cerebellum
11. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
progesterone
cataplexy
Korsakoff'S amnesia
triggers of behavior
12. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
homeostatic regulation
hypnagogic activity
aqueous humor
13. Caudate nucleus and putamen
neostriatum
theta activity
pineal gland
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
14. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
reaction time
hypothalamus
absolute refractory periods
contralateral
15. An ovary or teste
gonad
substantia nigra
parietal lobes
theta activity
16. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil
proximal image
tritanopia
tolerance
Cranial Nerve III
17. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
mesencephalon
monoamines
anterior hypothalamus
REM rebound
18. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems
efferent neurons
suprachiasmatic nucleus
norepinephrine
theta activity
19. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
pineal gland
menstrual cycle
cutaneous senses
prefrontal hypoactivity
20. Areas in the brain receiving incoming sensory information or sending out motor-impulse commands
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
monoamines
projection area
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
21. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
Yerkes-Dodson Law
retinal ganglion cells
Mesocortical system
ovaries/testes
22. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
basic rest-activity cycle
Bruce effect
occipital lobes
diploid
23. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
receptor blockers
noncompetitive binding
substantia nigra
sleep paralysis
24. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
non-competitive binding
diencephalon
Hobson & McCarley
medulla & pons
25. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
Mesocortical system
neostriatum
medulla & pons
absolute refractory periods
26. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
trichromatic levels of color vision
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
cutaneous senses
anterograde
27. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
Cranial Nerve IX
dopaminergic systems
spatial summation
vitreous humor
28. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
phenotype
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
nigrostriatal system
hippocampus
29. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
sign stimulus
dirty medications; clean medications
superior colliculi
sleep spindles
30. Most pervasive excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
sexual dimorphic behavior
homeostatic regulation
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
subdural space
31. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity
Coolidge effect
the 7 major neurotransmitters
substantia nigra
receptive field
32. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
Glial cells
vitreous humor
pineal gland
graded potentials
33. Are found in the diencephalon
species- specific reactions
bregma
hypothalamus + thalamus
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
34. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
hypothalamus + thalamus
parietal lobes
equipotentiality
nystagmus
35. Portion of a sensory field to which a cell responds
receptive field
medulla & pons
lipid soluble drugs/medications
Cranial Nerve I
36. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier
monoamines
lipid soluble drugs/medications
pupil
proximate biological considerations
37. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
beta activity
biological etiology of schizophrenia
ovaries/testes
tegmentum
38. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
ultimate biological considerations
Glial cells
tectum
Lee-Boot effect
39. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
behavioral regulation
meninges
trichromatic levels of color vision
hypothalamus
40. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
nigrostriatal system
Bruce effect
bregma
tardive dyskinesia
41. Produce drowsiness and sleepiness
trichromatic levels of color vision
lesions in the reticular activating system
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
myelin sheath
42. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
sleep spindles
acetylcholine
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
indirect antagonists
43. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
tegmentum
receptive field
cerebellum
non-competitive binding
44. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
sexual dimorphic behavior
biological etiology of schizophrenia
reticular formation
amygdala
45. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)
reciprocal innervation
sleep spindles
thalamus
non-competitive bonding
46. Part of limbic system; protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus - contains some hypothalamic nuclei
gonad
mammillary bodies
hypothalamus
anterior hypothalamus
47. Include indolamines (serotonin) and catecholamines (dopamine - norepinephrine and epinephrine)
monoamines
receptive field
GABA
thalamus
48. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
temporal lobes
phenotype
septum
Vandenbergh effect
49. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
lesions in the reticular activating system
zygosity
indirect antagonists
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
50. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
reticulum
ionotropic receptors
reaction time
L-Dopa