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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
endocrine system
diencephalon
galvanic skin response (GSR)
sign stimulus
2. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
cataplexy
menstrual cycle
pineal gland
ipsilateral
3. Sudden - sharp waveforms found only in Stage II of sleep; spontaneously occur about one per minute but also to unexpected noises
the 7 major neurotransmitters
hippocampus
septum
K Complexes
4. Produce drowsiness and sleepiness
law of specific nerve energies
prefrontal cortex
lesions in the reticular activating system
menstrual cycle
5. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
medial nucleus of the amygdala
trichromatic levels of color vision
relative refractory period
antagonist
6. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
sleep
Cranial Nerve XII
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
7. Is characteristic of indirect antagonist drugs
biological foundations
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
noncompetitive binding
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
8. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity
receptive field
osmoregulation
graded potentials
amygdala
9. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
basal forebrain
mammillary bodies
endocrine system
retinal ganglion cells
10. Projects to ventral tegmental area
prefrontal cortex
amygdala
consummatory stimulus
subcortical structures
11. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
fusiform face area
reticular formation
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
sleep spindles
12. Supernormal
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
REM rebound
Cranial Nerve VI
supernormal stimulus
13. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain
norepinephrine
theta activity
inferior colliculi
REM rebound
14. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
monoamines
proximal image
pituitary gland
anterograde
15. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
Hebb rule
cingulate gyrus
monoamines
galvanic skin response (GSR)
16. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit
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17. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
amygdala
hypothalamus
subcortical structures
absolute refractory periods
18. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
accommodation (bodily)
path of lightwaves entering eye
hypocretin
Vomeronasal Organ
19. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
law of specific nerve energies
hypothalamus
septal rage
Hobson & McCarley
20. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
equipotentiality
phenotype
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
spinal cord
21. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
brainstem
the adrenal medulla
Cranial Nerve VII
Cranial Nerve IX
22. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
the 7 major neurotransmitters
agonist
sensorimotor cortex
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
23. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
GABA
brainstem
ultimate biological considerations
amygdala
24. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
temporal summation
Mesocortical system
Hebb rule
25. Portion of a sensory field to which a cell responds
mammillary bodies
tritanopia
reticulum
receptive field
26. The Lee-Boot effect - Whitten effect - Vandenbergh effect - and the Bruce effect; all mediated by the VNO
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
cutaneous senses
hypocretin
27. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum
Hobson & McCarley
cerebellum
biological etiology of schizophrenia
cingulate gyrus
28. Made from within - natural
meninges
Hebb rule
antimanics
endogenous
29. Sign
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
sign stimulus
scotopic vision
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
30. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
superior colliculi
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
lesions in the reticular activating system
31. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
Hobson & McCarley
tectum
lipid soluble drugs/medications
32. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
red nucleus + substantia nigra
Mesocortical system
Vandenbergh effect
spatial summation
33. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
hypnagogic activity
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
cingulate gyrus
pheromone
34. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
meninges
inferior colliculi
Cranial Nerve VIII
antimanics
35. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
nystagmus
path of cerebrospinal fluid
norepinephrine
iris
36. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
biological foundations
aqueous humor
temporal lobes
stages of sleep
37. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
biological foundations
parietal lobes
ipsilateral
38. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
sleep
biological etiology of schizophrenia
proximal image
umami
39. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath
autonomic nervous system
Glial cells
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
parathyroid
40. ...
tritanopia
law of specific nerve energies
cerebellum
prefrontal cortex
41. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
phenotype
the adrenal medulla
sensitivity
42. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
sign stimulus
fusiform face area
occipital lobes
anterior hypothalamus
43. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
hypnagogic activity
contralateral
acetylcholine
cerebral cortex
44. Are found in the diencephalon
dopaminergic systems
hypothalamus + thalamus
REM sleep
slow-wave sleep
45. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
indirect antagonists
Cranial Nerve XII
association areas; projection areas
Yerkes-Dodson Law
46. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
species- specific reactions
H.M
Vomeronasal Organ
47. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
hypocretin
pheromone
sexual dimorphic behavior
indirect antagonists
48. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
sleep spindles
occipital lobes
reticular formation
projection fiber
49. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
REM rebound
nystagmus
antimanics
hypothalamus
50. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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