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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)
thalamus
inferior colliculi
suspensory ligament
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
2. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
mammillary bodies
nigrostriatal system
3. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
homeostatic regulation
GABA
Frontal lobe
cerebral cortex
4. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
alpha activity
adrenal cortex
direct antagonist
ipsilateral
5. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
substantia nigra
locus coeruleus
alpha activity
subarachnoid space
6. Most pervasive excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
contralateral
receptor blockers
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
7. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
ionotropic receptors
Cranial Nerve VI
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
pituitary gland
8. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier
lipid soluble drugs/medications
Hobson & McCarley
Yerkes-Dodson Law
indirect antagonists
9. Caudate nucleus and putamen
HPA Axis
endocrine system
neostriatum
acetylcholine
10. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
Vomeronasal Organ
delta activity
Cranial Nerve IV
iris
11. Hormones that reduce pain
ethology
endorphin & enkephalin
noncompetitive binding
corpus callosum
12. Made from within - natural
endogenous
All-or-None Law
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
hindbrain
13. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)
Mesocortical system
prefrontal hypoactivity
tyrosine
tardive dyskinesia
14. Holds the lens in place
suspensory ligament
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
tritanopia
path of lightwaves entering eye
15. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit
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16. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
melatonin
the adrenal medulla
polysomnograms
equipotentiality
17. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
brainstem
substantia nigra
pineal gland
suprachiasmatic nucleus
18. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
GABA
zygosity
biological etiology of schizophrenia
Cranial Nerve IV
19. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
contralateral
superior colliculi
bregma
norepinephrine
20. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina
subarachnoid space
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
affinity
delta activity
21. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior
hair cells
Bruce effect
anterior hypothalamus
path of lightwaves entering eye
22. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
sleep attack
autolytic
progesterone
diencephalon
23. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
Frontal lobe
prefrontal cortex
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
ultimate biological considerations
24. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
fusiform face area
sleep attack
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
Cranial Nerve XI
25. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body
contralateral
Hobson & McCarley
reaction time
spatial summation
26. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
slow-wave sleep
aqueous humor
cataplexy
menstrual cycle
27. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
zygote
association area
medial nucleus of the amygdala
slow-wave sleep
28. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
effects of repeated administration
norepinephrine
delta activity
amacrine cells
29. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
dopaminergic systems
umami
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
Cranial Nerve III
30. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
Korsakoff'S amnesia
basal forebrain
reticulum
synthesis-activation hypothesis
31. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response
cingulate gyrus
contralateral
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
32. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
absolute refractory periods
Thompson & Spencer
Cranial Nerve XII
Ketamine
33. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
midbrain
monozygotic twins
cerebellum
34. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
Cranial Nerve I
midbrain
synthesis-activation hypothesis
35. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
Mesolimbic System
subarachnoid space
equipotentiality
sleep paralysis
36. Moving forward
pupil
sleep spindles
Thompson & Spencer
anterograde
37. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)
indirect antagonists
noncompetitive binding
temporal lobes
brainstem
38. Associated with defensive and aggressive behavior; lesions produce docility and hypersexual states (Kluver & Bucy)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
pineal gland
pheromone
amygdala
39. Sign
homeostasis
H.M
sign stimulus
fornix
40. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems
parathyroid
Cranial Nerve XI
efferent neurons
subcortical structures
41. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
superior colliculi
nigrostriatal system
hypnagogic activity
amygdala
42. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
hypnagogic activity
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
hypothalamus
amygdala
43. Absolute; relative
ionotropic receptors
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
aphasia
prefrontal cortex
44. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
Cranial Nerve VII
menstrual cycle
Korsakoff'S amnesia
stages of sleep
45. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
agonist
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
diencephalon
galvanic skin response (GSR)
46. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
cataplexy
medulla & pons
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
47. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
inferior colliculi
receptive field
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
cerebral cortex
48. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum
mesencephalon
receptive field
supernormal stimulus
septal rage
49. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
sensitivity
proximate biological considerations
endorphin
inferior colliculi
50. Sleepwalking - sleep talking
polysomnograms
contralateral
hypnagogic activity
sexual dimorphic behavior
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