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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
hypothalamus
affinity
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
phenotype
2. Synchronized EEG activity during its deeper stages
Cranial Nerve VII
hypothalamus
aqueous humor
non-REM sleep
3. Sign
sign stimulus
basal ganglia
supernormal stimulus
antagonist
4. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
suprachiasmatic nucleus
ovaries/testes
anterograde
biological foundations
5. Phantom limb pain - hypnotic induction and the success rate of placebo treatments
slow-wave sleep
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
Mesolimbic System
antagonist
6. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina
monoamine neurotransmitters
nystagmus
noncompetitive binding
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
7. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
beta activity
pituitary gland
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
aphasia
8. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
All-or-None Law
scotopic vision
tegmentum
absolute refractory periods
9. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
sleep spindles
basal ganglia
species- specific reactions
extirpation
10. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
the 7 major neurotransmitters
mesencephalon
ovaries/testes
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
11. Olfactory Nerve - smell
Cranial Nerve I
projection area
Mesolimbic System
neostriatum
12. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
relative refractory period
pituitary gland
basic rest-activity cycle
13. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
direct antagonist
red nucleus + substantia nigra
cerebellum
midbrain
14. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
Cranial Nerve VII
extirpation
tegmentum
zygosity
15. 'Roof'
aphasia
monoamines
tectum
behavioral regulation
16. Refers to both the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex (they are a little different but very interrelated)
sensorimotor cortex
aqueous humor
acetylcholine
Cranial Nerve VI
17. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
diploid
pituitary gland
hippocampus
Cranial Nerves
18. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
agonist
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
sleep attack
hypothalamus
19. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
basal ganglia
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
projection area
ovaries/testes
20. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)
substantia nigra
medulla & pons
prefrontal hypoactivity
tyrosine
21. Controls sexual activity
spinal cord
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
anterior hypothalamus
zygote
22. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
Bruce effect
beta activity
myelin sheath
hypothalamus
23. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)
fornix
melatonin
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
All-or-None Law
24. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
proximal image
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
homeostatic regulation
menstrual cycle
25. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
suspensory ligament
monoamines
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
zygosity
26. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
monoamines
reciprocal innervation
homeostatic regulation
Hebb rule
27. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
norepinephrine
septal rage
reticular formation
projection areas
28. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
vitreous humor
pheromone
substantia nigra
Hobson & McCarley
29. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
suspensory ligament
effects of repeated administration
triggers of behavior
Cranial Nerve XI
30. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier
anterior hypothalamus
lipid soluble drugs/medications
septum
sign stimulus
31. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
association area
sleep attack
endogenous
dirty medications; clean medications
32. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia
Cranial Nerve III
Farber et al. (1995)
extirpation
medulla & pons
33. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
Ketamine
Cranial Nerve V
fusiform face area
non-competitive binding
34. Areas in the brain receiving incoming sensory information or sending out motor-impulse commands
projection area
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
retinal ganglion cells
Cranial Nerve IV
35. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
red nucleus + substantia nigra
tritanopia
dopaminergic systems
pituitary gland
36. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
norepinephrine
autonomic nervous system
ipsilateral
37. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
homeostasis
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
noncompetitive binding
subdural space
38. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
motor cortex
lens
inferior colliculi
proximate biological considerations
39. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
path of cerebrospinal fluid
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
cerebellum
GABA
40. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
norepinephrine
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
midbrain
41. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
ovaries/testes
Vandenbergh effect
indirect antagonists
nucleotides
42. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
affinity
Thompson & Spencer
medulla & pons
retinal ganglion cells
43. Has neurons for reflexes
Cranial Nerve IX
sign stimulus
spinal cord
thyroid
44. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
Cranial Nerve VIII
Hobson & McCarley
receptor blockers
spatial summation
45. Expression of traits
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
mammillary bodies
phenotype
Coolidge effect
46. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
zygote
tectum
cerebellum
prefrontal cortex
47. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
Cranial Nerve V
triggers of behavior
noncompetitive binding
endorphin
48. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
theta activity
monoamines
sleep attack
behavioral regulation
49. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
the 7 major neurotransmitters
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
tritanopia
law of specific nerve energies
50. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
biological foundations
All-or-None Law
polysomnograms
cerebral cortex