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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Supernormal






2. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones






3. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil






4. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells






5. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system






6. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)






7. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)






8. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)






9. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)






10. Optic Nerve - sight






11. Occurs when their is damage to the septal area and results in unchecked aggressive and vicious behavior






12. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death

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13. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus






14. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation






15. A BEHAVIOR; insistent urge of sleepiness forces us to seek sleep/a bad






16. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect






17. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid






18. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side






19. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses






20. 'little brain'






21. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)






22. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance






23. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus






24. Moving forward






25. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus






26. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults






27. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function






28. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell






29. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety






30. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)






31. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle






32. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)






33. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy






34. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold






35. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow






36. Vestibulocochlear Nerve - hearing and balance






37. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)






38. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.






39. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red






40. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon






41. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra






42. Colored part of the eye






43. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates






44. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina






45. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz






46. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior






47. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles






48. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine






49. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser






50. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted







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