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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
sensitivity
stages of sleep
path of cerebrospinal fluid
2. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
hypocretin
ultimate biological considerations
anterograde
biological foundations
3. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
sleep spindles
antimanics
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
beta activity
4. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
nystagmus
umami
monozygotic twins
hypothalamus
5. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
Cranial Nerve II
the adrenal medulla
Cranial Nerve VII
ipsilateral
6. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
lesions in the reticular activating system
association areas; projection areas
amygdala
acetylcholine
7. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
REM sleep
Cranial Nerve X
Vomeronasal Organ
motor cortex
8. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
the adrenal medulla
sleep
path of cerebrospinal fluid
stages of sleep
9. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
reticular formation
locus coeruleus
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
tectum
10. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
spatial summation
nigrostriatal system
iris
reticular formation
11. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
effects of repeated administration
Korsakoff'S amnesia
association area
Cranial Nerve IX
12. When a neuron reaches its excitation threshold - the neuron will produce an action potential of FIXED amplitude regardless of the magnitude of the stimulation
sleep
receptor blockers
pituitary gland
All-or-None Law
13. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
indirect antagonists
stages of sleep
occipital lobes
pituitary gland
14. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates
relative refractory period
Cranial Nerve V
estrous cycle
zygosity
15. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
prefrontal cortex
occipital lobes
endogenous
septum
16. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
hypnagogic activity
lens
delta activity
agonist
17. Relays nerve impulses - processes sensory impulses - reflex behavior and contains nerve cell bodies
bregma
non-competitive binding
Cranial Nerve IX
spinal cord
18. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
osmoreceptors
sleep attack
temporal lobes
indirect antagonists
19. 'little brain'
cerebellum
Mesolimbic System
graded potentials
receptor blockers
20. The viscous substance between cornea and lens
direct antagonist
aqueous humor
sensorimotor cortex
red nucleus + substantia nigra
21. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
nystagmus
melatonin
GABA
Bruce effect
22. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
autolytic
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
galvanic skin response (GSR)
bregma
23. Most pervasive excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
agonist
subcortical structures
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
amygdala
24. Includes comparative (evolution/genetics/animal behavior/ethology) and behavioral regulation
biological foundations
scotopic vision
biological etiology of schizophrenia
sexual dimorphic behavior
25. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
projection areas
acetylcholine
hypothalamus + thalamus
norepinephrine
26. Has a major role in metabolism - stimulation/maintenance - produces the hormones thyroxin and calcitonin
thyroid
inferior colliculi
GABA
Yerkes-Dodson Law
27. Cumulative effects of repeated stimulation from a presynaptic neuron
Mesocortical system
inferior colliculi
sleep
temporal summation
28. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina
cerebral cortex
parietal lobes
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
septum
29. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
extirpation
mesencephalon
retinal ganglion cells
amygdala
30. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
projection fiber
spinal cord
pupil
sensitivity
31. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
projection areas
lesions in the reticular activating system
inferior colliculi
32. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
cerebral cortex
ultimate biological considerations
scotopic vision
Coolidge effect
33. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
H.M
temporal summation
midbrain
subdural space
34. There are 12 add more
monozygotic twins
Cranial Nerves
norepinephrine
temporal summation
35. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum
antagonist
hindbrain
medial nucleus of the amygdala
brainstem
36. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
noncompetitive binding
thyroid
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
proximate biological considerations
37. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults
Bem'S Androgyny studies
Ketamine
suprachiasmatic nucleus
tardive dyskinesia
38. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
iris
vitreous humor
K Complexes
affinity
39. Moving forward
anterograde
contralateral
absolute refractory periods
path of lightwaves entering eye
40. Made from within - natural
All-or-None Law
endogenous
temporal summation
zygosity
41. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
Hebb rule
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
pituitary gland
Coolidge effect
42. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
scotopic vision
projection areas
osmoregulation
tegmentum
43. Include the Nigrostriatal system - Mesolimbic system and Mesocortical system
species- specific reactions
dopaminergic systems
parathyroid
prefrontal cortex
44. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle
adrenal cortex
aqueous humor
stages of sleep
sensitivity
45. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
parathyroid
nystagmus
direct antagonist
indirect antagonists
46. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
subcortical structures
monoamines
menstrual cycle
subarachnoid space
47. 'little net'
non-competitive bonding
reticulum
law of specific nerve energies
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
48. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
effects of repeated administration
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
sensitivity
prefrontal hypoactivity
49. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements
ventricles
cerebellum
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
amygdala
50. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
zygosity
prefrontal cortex
monoamines
Korsakoff'S amnesia