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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
substantia nigra
hypocretin
HPA Axis
amygdala
2. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
noncompetitive binding
direct antagonist
Frontal lobe
3. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
absolute refractory periods
scotopic vision
Cranial Nerve III
acetylcholine
4. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow
nigrostriatal system
Cranial Nerve IX
mammillary bodies
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
5. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
slow-wave sleep
aqueous humor
tardive dyskinesia
ovaries/testes
6. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N
monozygotic twins
septal rage
autonomic nervous system
reticular formation
7. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity
graded potentials
association areas; projection areas
progesterone
tegmentum
8. Includes the tectum and tegmentum
mesencephalon
path of lightwaves entering eye
pheromone
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
9. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
Cranial Nerves
hypothalamus
Hebb rule
10. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
hindbrain
Hebb rule
monoamines
hypocretin
11. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
phenotype
meninges
amygdala
synthesis-activation hypothesis
12. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect
dirty medications; clean medications
galvanic skin response (GSR)
the 7 major neurotransmitters
tyrosine
13. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb
medial nucleus of the amygdala
path of lightwaves entering eye
Cranial Nerve VI
amygdala
14. The maintenance of water balance in the body
septal rage
suspensory ligament
osmoregulation
relative refractory period
15. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
substantia nigra
noncompetitive binding
corpus callosum
16. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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17. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
monoamines
sign stimulus
graded potentials
18. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
projection fiber
superior colliculi
hippocampus
19. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
theta activity
amacrine cells
pupil
Thompson & Spencer
20. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)
cataplexy
thalamus
autolytic
lens
21. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
myelin sheath
collateral sprouting
non-REM sleep
affinity
22. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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23. Controls sexual activity
All-or-None Law
projection area
anterior hypothalamus
association area
24. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity
amacrine cells
lens
triggers of behavior
Coolidge effect
25. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
spinal cord
Coolidge effect
suprachiasmatic nucleus
association areas; projection areas
26. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
beta activity
hypothalamus + thalamus
subcortical structures
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
27. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
HPA Axis
hypothalamus
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
equipotentiality
28. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
thalamus
progesterone
amygdala
29. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
absolute refractory periods
sign stimulus
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
30. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
antimanics
lipid soluble drugs/medications
ipsilateral
GABA
31. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil
cerebral cortex
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
projection fiber
Cranial Nerve III
32. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
pupil
extirpation
Vandenbergh effect
hypocretin
33. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
medial nucleus of the amygdala
motor cortex
Cranial Nerve VIII
hypothalamus
34. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)
hypothalamus
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
equipotentiality
amygdala
35. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
trichromatic levels of color vision
nucleotides
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
menstrual cycle
36. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
All-or-None Law
cataplexy
ipsilateral
estrous cycle
37. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior
behavioral regulation
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
cerebral cortex
anterior hypothalamus
38. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
noncompetitive binding
graded potentials
cerebellum
hypothalamus
39. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
pituitary gland
theta activity
zygosity
projection fiber
40. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
antagonist
spatial summation
Thompson & Spencer
sleep
41. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
Cranial Nerve III
hypothalamus
midbrain
basal forebrain
42. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
agonist
tectum
43. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
Cranial Nerve IX
myelin sheath
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
cataplexy
44. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
the 7 major neurotransmitters
Hobson & McCarley
monozygotic twins
cerebral cortex
45. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain
temporal summation
norepinephrine
menstrual cycle
All-or-None Law
46. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
spinal cord
L-Dopa
effects of repeated administration
nucleotides
47. Regulates body temperature
hypothalamus
graded potentials
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
fusiform face area
48. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
antimanics
REM rebound
cerebrospinal fluid
pituitary gland
49. 'covering'
tegmentum
thalamus
projection area
antimanics
50. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)
aphasia
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
equipotentiality
norepinephrine