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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath
Glial cells
polysomnograms
substantia nigra
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
2. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
sign stimulus
tegmentum
noncompetitive binding
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
3. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
cerebral cortex
sign stimulus
osmoregulation
mesencephalon
4. Important to motor system
red nucleus + substantia nigra
K Complexes
septum
scotopic vision
5. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
amacrine cells
ionotropic receptors
neostriatum
cerebellum
6. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity
Coolidge effect
spatial summation
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
myelin sheath
7. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
Mesolimbic System
septal rage
cingulate gyrus
norepinephrine
8. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
occipital lobes
parathyroid
non-competitive bonding
substantia nigra
9. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
red nucleus + substantia nigra
triggers of behavior
sleep spindles
slow-wave sleep
10. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
vitreous humor
accommodation (bodily)
non-REM sleep
antagonist
11. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
Lee-Boot effect
behavioral regulation
theta activity
trichromatic levels of color vision
12. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
parathyroid
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
bregma
amygdala
13. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb
reciprocal innervation
endocrine system
medial nucleus of the amygdala
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
14. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
Cranial Nerve V
anterograde
sleep spindles
monoamines
15. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system
amygdala
sleep
amacrine cells
biological foundations
16. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
Glial cells
anterior hypothalamus
umami
polysomnograms
17. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements
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18. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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19. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements
zygote
tegmentum
tritanopia
cerebellum
20. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
myelin sheath
pupil
reciprocal innervation
Ketamine
21. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid
meninges
corpus callosum
basal ganglia
parathyroid
22. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
association areas; projection areas
spinal cord
monoamines
Cranial Nerves
23. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
endorphin & enkephalin
amygdala
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
lens
24. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
relative refractory period
REM sleep
osmoreceptors
lesions in the reticular activating system
25. Part of limbic system; protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus - contains some hypothalamic nuclei
sleep attack
mammillary bodies
tyrosine
ethology
26. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
iris
mesencephalon
REM sleep
spatial summation
27. Transparent substance between lens and retina
parietal lobes
vitreous humor
graded potentials
Mesolimbic System
28. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia
Thompson & Spencer
parietal lobes
hypothalamus
prefrontal hypoactivity
29. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
myelin sheath
autolytic
subarachnoid space
hypothalamus
30. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
extirpation
locus coeruleus
amygdala
monoamine neurotransmitters
31. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
subdural space
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
species- specific reactions
32. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
midbrain
hindbrain
behavioral regulation
tegmentum
33. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
fusiform face area
prefrontal cortex
REM rebound
Cranial Nerve VI
34. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil
behavioral regulation
inferior colliculi
Cranial Nerve III
hypnagogic activity
35. Are found in the diencephalon
projection area
effects of repeated administration
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
hypothalamus + thalamus
36. Optic Nerve - sight
occipital lobes
septum
sensitivity
Cranial Nerve II
37. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety
Coolidge effect
hindbrain
endorphin
diencephalon
38. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
dopaminergic systems
collateral sprouting
triggers of behavior
39. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology
tritanopia
ultimate biological considerations
aqueous humor
affinity
40. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia
basal forebrain
Farber et al. (1995)
tardive dyskinesia
subarachnoid space
41. Sleep tests (i.e. to diagnosis sleep apnea)
polysomnograms
red nucleus + substantia nigra
REM sleep
cingulate gyrus
42. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
Bruce effect
sleep
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
43. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
anterior hypothalamus
ipsilateral
agonist
Bem'S Androgyny studies
44. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum
Cranial Nerve IV
REM sleep
nigrostriatal system
reaction time
45. Reduces anxiety - released with NE in amygdala - hippocampus - basal ganglia - periaqueductal gray region - locus coeruleus and PFS; NPY is diminished in persons with PTSD/CPTSD and those exposed to chronic stress
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
prefrontal cortex
ultimate biological considerations
reticular formation
46. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
substantia nigra
spatial summation
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
anterior hypothalamus
47. 'little brain'
temporal lobes
cerebellum
amygdala
adrenal cortex
48. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)
H.M
aphasia
reticular formation
anterior hypothalamus
49. Physiologically different from the other four stages of sleep (i.e. the similarity between the summed electrical activity of neurons measured on the scalp (EEG) during REM sleep and during wakefulness
path of cerebrospinal fluid
Thompson & Spencer
REM sleep
species- specific reactions
50. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
zygosity
Mesolimbic System
tegmentum
homeostatic regulation