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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When a neuron reaches its excitation threshold - the neuron will produce an action potential of FIXED amplitude regardless of the magnitude of the stimulation
superior colliculi
All-or-None Law
trichromatic levels of color vision
tardive dyskinesia
2. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
sleep
myelin sheath
phenotype
acetylcholine
3. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
hair cells
spinal cord
mammillary bodies
biological etiology of schizophrenia
4. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain
red nucleus + substantia nigra
Cranial Nerve III
norepinephrine
monoamine neurotransmitters
5. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
zygosity
amacrine cells
fornix
path of cerebrospinal fluid
6. Produces acetylcholine. One of the earliest sites of cell death in Alzheimer'S Disease (neurological disorder associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine) is in the basal forebrain
reaction time
basal forebrain
synthesis-activation hypothesis
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
7. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
bregma
antagonist
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
noncompetitive binding
8. Are found in the diencephalon
anterograde
hypothalamus + thalamus
tegmentum
basic rest-activity cycle
9. 'Roof'
progesterone
diencephalon
tectum
consummatory stimulus
10. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease
direct antagonist
parathyroid
anterograde
L-Dopa
11. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems
efferent neurons
Cranial Nerve V
pupil
hippocampus
12. Controls sexual activity
Cranial Nerve VII
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
anterior hypothalamus
phenotype
13. Has a major role in metabolism - stimulation/maintenance - produces the hormones thyroxin and calcitonin
dopaminergic systems
autolytic
thyroid
noncompetitive binding
14. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
absolute refractory periods
Cranial Nerve VI
scotopic vision
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
15. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
meninges
spinal cord
neostriatum
nucleotides
16. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
anterior hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve IV
projection areas
17. Relays nerve impulses - processes sensory impulses - reflex behavior and contains nerve cell bodies
spinal cord
Cranial Nerve IX
Vandenbergh effect
phenotype
18. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold
tegmentum
Cranial Nerve XI
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
cutaneous senses
19. Has neurons for reflexes
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
species- specific reactions
red nucleus + substantia nigra
spinal cord
20. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
ionotropic receptors
cerebellum
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
graded potentials
21. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb
medial nucleus of the amygdala
progesterone
contralateral
fusiform face area
22. Regulates body temperature
hypothalamus
lesions in the reticular activating system
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
prefrontal cortex
23. The visual image of the world on the retina
autonomic nervous system
proximal image
motor cortex
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
24. Referred to as the satiety center; lesions lead to obesity and hyperphagia
non-competitive binding
dopaminergic systems
antimanics
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
25. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid
cutaneous senses
hypothalamus
parathyroid
monoamines
26. Contains receptors to detect when the body needs food or fluids; the hunger center; lesions lead to aphagia
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Cranial Nerve V
sleep spindles
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
27. Smooth electrical activity of 8-12 Hz -medium frequency - awake but in a restful state (^ eyes closed but conscious)
alpha activity
cerebral cortex
Vandenbergh effect
umami
28. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity
association areas; projection areas
collateral sprouting
the adrenal medulla
Coolidge effect
29. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
effects of repeated administration
Cranial Nerve X
prefrontal hypoactivity
substantia nigra
30. 'covering'
non-REM sleep
progesterone
scotopic vision
tegmentum
31. Most pervasive excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
effects of repeated administration
scotopic vision
association areas; projection areas
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
32. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
motor cortex
GABA
ventricles
species- specific reactions
33. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
suprachiasmatic nucleus
substantia nigra
Yerkes-Dodson Law
absolute refractory periods
34. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
GABA
fusiform face area
suprachiasmatic nucleus
relative refractory period
35. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
synthesis-activation hypothesis
osmoreceptors
zygote
scotopic vision
36. Sign
HPA Axis
septum
ionotropic receptors
sign stimulus
37. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
ventricles
biological etiology of schizophrenia
Cranial Nerve XI
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
38. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)
proximate biological considerations
contralateral
cutaneous senses
medulla & pons
39. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
estrous cycle
pheromone
basic rest-activity cycle
osmoregulation
40. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
spinal cord
endorphin & enkephalin
Cranial Nerve XI
equipotentiality
41. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep
polysomnograms
basic rest-activity cycle
melatonin
medulla & pons
42. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
subarachnoid space
tegmentum
Cranial Nerves
suprachiasmatic nucleus
43. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
the adrenal medulla
sleep spindles
triggers of behavior
44. An ovary or teste
osmoregulation
gonad
occipital lobes
Vomeronasal Organ
45. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
Cranial Nerve V
zygote
medulla & pons
efferent neurons
46. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
monoamine neurotransmitters
anterior hypothalamus
norepinephrine
47. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
Lee-Boot effect
ultimate biological considerations
accommodation (bodily)
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
48. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
corpus callosum
norepinephrine
ultimate biological considerations
Cranial Nerve VI
49. Holds the lens in place
suspensory ligament
tritanopia
temporal lobes
tectum
50. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV
trichromatic levels of color vision
slow-wave sleep
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
Bruce effect