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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
biological foundations
sleep spindles
reticular formation
monozygotic twins
2. ...
amacrine cells
law of specific nerve energies
brainstem
effects of repeated administration
3. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration
basic rest-activity cycle
aphasia
hypnagogic activity
tolerance
4. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
ethology
Cranial Nerve XII
gonad
GABA
5. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
Bem'S Androgyny studies
osmoreceptors
motor cortex
triggers of behavior
6. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
proximal image
reaction time
HPA Axis
hippocampus
7. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction
nystagmus
diencephalon
REM sleep
endorphin
8. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
lens
subdural space
direct antagonist
9. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
accommodation (bodily)
temporal lobes
Bem'S Androgyny studies
10. Serotonin = 5-HT -regulation of mood - anxiety - aggression - sleep - appetite - sexuality -rostral and caudal raphe nuclei
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
GABA
tegmentum
umami
11. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
Coolidge effect
subdural space
tardive dyskinesia
12. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
agonist
effects of repeated administration
tyrosine
aqueous humor
13. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
retinal ganglion cells
Cranial Nerves
cerebellum
progesterone
14. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
association area
gonad
zygosity
alpha activity
15. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
law of specific nerve energies
amacrine cells
ultimate biological considerations
tolerance
16. Cumulative effects of repeated stimulation from a presynaptic neuron
basal ganglia
temporal summation
indirect antagonists
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
17. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)
Bem'S Androgyny studies
thalamus
tardive dyskinesia
synthesis-activation hypothesis
18. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems
efferent neurons
L-Dopa
locus coeruleus
substantia nigra
19. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
Cranial Nerve V
hypothalamus + thalamus
reticular formation
sensitivity
20. Projects to ventral tegmental area
Ketamine
delta activity
subarachnoid space
prefrontal cortex
21. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
reciprocal innervation
menstrual cycle
mesencephalon
22. Optic Nerve - sight
Cranial Nerve II
noncompetitive binding
Cranial Nerve X
indirect antagonists
23. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
antimanics
non-REM sleep
superior colliculi
cerebellum
24. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
Mesocortical system
H.M
direct antagonist
25. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
the adrenal medulla
zygosity
cerebral cortex
Vandenbergh effect
26. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
subarachnoid space
pheromone
osmoreceptors
noncompetitive binding
27. Sign
pheromone
sign stimulus
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
dirty medications; clean medications
28. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
alpha activity
neostriatum
mammillary bodies
brainstem
29. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
melatonin
septum
tegmentum
hypothalamus
30. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
biological foundations
osmoreceptors
cerebellum
Vomeronasal Organ
31. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates
estrous cycle
REM rebound
monoamine neurotransmitters
projection fiber
32. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
path of lightwaves entering eye
zygosity
Cranial Nerve V
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
33. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
theta activity
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
suprachiasmatic nucleus
HPA Axis
34. If a synapse is active at about the same time that a postsynaptic neuron is active - that synapse will be strengthened
Hebb rule
beta activity
Cranial Nerve XII
basal ganglia
35. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
extirpation
REM rebound
non-competitive bonding
ovaries/testes
36. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
Cranial Nerve XII
endocrine system
myelin sheath
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
37. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
theta activity
GABA
Whitten effect
tardive dyskinesia
38. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
projection area
hypocretin
accommodation (bodily)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
39. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
Coolidge effect
estrous cycle
menstrual cycle
subarachnoid space
40. Occurs during the deepest stages of slow-wave sleep; regular - synchronous electrical activity of less than 4 Hz
delta activity
brainstem
noncompetitive binding
endorphin
41. There are 12 add more
Cranial Nerves
receptor blockers
tyrosine
cerebrospinal fluid
42. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
inferior colliculi
association areas; projection areas
proximate biological considerations
43. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
monozygotic twins
ventricles
hippocampus
hair cells
44. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity
Cranial Nerve V
triggers of behavior
Coolidge effect
anterior hypothalamus
45. Synchronized EEG activity during its deeper stages
temporal lobes
non-REM sleep
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
46. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
sensorimotor cortex
cerebral cortex
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
anterograde
47. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid
alpha activity
parathyroid
efferent neurons
reciprocal innervation
48. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
spatial summation
tolerance
nystagmus
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
49. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
norepinephrine
Mesolimbic System
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
lens
50. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
Cranial Nerve X
endogenous
Cranial Nerve VI
osmoreceptors