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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum






2. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side






3. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles






4. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system






5. Include indolamines (serotonin) and catecholamines (dopamine - norepinephrine and epinephrine)






6. Skin senses that register the sensations of pressure - warmth and cold






7. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity






8. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner






9. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic






10. The female reproductive cycle of most primates - including humans; recognized by growth of the lining of the uterus - ovulation - development of a corpus luteum - and (if pregnancy does not occur) menstration






11. Are postsynaptic potentials that are found in the dendrites and vary in their intensity






12. The restorative effect of introducing a new female sex partner to a male that has apparently become 'exhausted' by sexual activity






13. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2






14. Are found in the diencephalon






15. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)






16. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)






17. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)






18. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential






19. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors






20. A single - unfertilized cell created during conception; the combined egg + sperm






21. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)






22. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements






23. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning






24. These two developed the criteria for habituation; basic process is a form of synaptic depression that occurs presyntaptically.






25. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)






26. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration






27. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods






28. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia






29. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract






30. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin






31. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina






32. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive






33. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors






34. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery






35. ...






36. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)






37. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia






38. In the limbic system - is a fiber bundle - connects hippocampus with stuff (including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus)






39. Projects to ventral tegmental area






40. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response






41. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum






42. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue






43. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation






44. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz






45. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal






46. Accessory Nerve - moves the head






47. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier






48. Includes the tectum and tegmentum






49. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep






50. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation