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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
non-REM sleep
diploid
gonad
motor cortex
2. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
receptor blockers
triggers of behavior
acetylcholine
subarachnoid space
3. Sudden - sharp waveforms found only in Stage II of sleep; spontaneously occur about one per minute but also to unexpected noises
K Complexes
umami
hippocampus
REM sleep
4. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
amygdala
projection areas
homeostatic regulation
tardive dyskinesia
5. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
cingulate gyrus
hypothalamus
norepinephrine
galvanic skin response (GSR)
6. Glandular system control center - produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic; functions in both the nervous system and endocrine sytem - In the forebrain - regulates motivated behaviors (eating - drinking - aggression - sexual behavior
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
association areas; projection areas
hypothalamus
relative refractory period
7. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
spinal cord
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
inferior colliculi
diploid
8. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract
acetylcholine
amygdala
ventricles
lipid soluble drugs/medications
9. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements
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10. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
hypothalamus
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
basal ganglia
Cranial Nerve VIII
11. Controls sexual activity
estrous cycle
noncompetitive binding
anterior hypothalamus
biological foundations
12. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -controls stress response
the 7 major neurotransmitters
Lee-Boot effect
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
HPA Axis
13. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve VII
anterograde
indirect antagonists
14. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in the nucleus accumbens - amygdala and hippocampus
Mesolimbic System
red nucleus + substantia nigra
sensorimotor cortex
osmoreceptors
15. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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16. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
association area
aphasia
basal forebrain
diencephalon
17. Projects to ventral tegmental area
ethology
prefrontal cortex
Cranial Nerve I
temporal summation
18. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
fusiform face area
subdural space
receptive field
equipotentiality
19. First described by Descartes - a combination of antagonistic muscle movements (e.g. those involved in walking)
Cranial Nerve VI
reciprocal innervation
supernormal stimulus
Farber et al. (1995)
20. Regulates body temperature
noncompetitive binding
monoamines
the 7 major neurotransmitters
hypothalamus
21. Found in the hypothalamus - function to maintain the water balance in the body
melatonin
Cranial Nerve VI
osmoreceptors
medial nucleus of the amygdala
22. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
suprachiasmatic nucleus
sleep
zygote
Hobson & McCarley
23. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone
adrenal cortex
pineal gland
temporal summation
hypothalamus
24. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
parathyroid
Cranial Nerve III
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
25. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
basic rest-activity cycle
red nucleus + substantia nigra
anterograde
Cranial Nerve VI
26. Symptom of narcolepsy - paralysis occurring just before a person falls alseep
reticulum
superior colliculi
sleep paralysis
Cranial Nerves
27. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
sexual dimorphic behavior
Mesocortical system
cingulate gyrus
homeostatic regulation
28. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
mesencephalon
sleep
adrenal cortex
scotopic vision
29. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
ultimate biological considerations
mesencephalon
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
30. Caudate nucleus and putamen
vitreous humor
neostriatum
mesencephalon
superior colliculi
31. Optic Nerve - sight
tyrosine
Cranial Nerve II
cerebral cortex
non-REM sleep
32. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
association area
subarachnoid space
alpha activity
Hobson & McCarley
33. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina
antagonist
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
34. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
tritanopia
fornix
extirpation
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
35. Increases heartrate - dilates/constricts blood vessels - increases blood sugar - produces hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
the adrenal medulla
non-REM sleep
tectum
monoamines
36. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
Thompson & Spencer
Frontal lobe
cerebellum
HPA Axis
37. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
progesterone
non-competitive binding
Coolidge effect
38. Readiness with which molecules/drugs/medications join together; varies widely from medication to medication
Cranial Nerve IV
affinity
subcortical structures
efferent neurons
39. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
Mesolimbic System
amacrine cells
fusiform face area
Cranial Nerve V
40. There are 12 add more
cutaneous senses
Cranial Nerve VIII
Cranial Nerves
delta activity
41. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
dirty medications; clean medications
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
brainstem
receptor blockers
42. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
homeostatic regulation
Ketamine
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
Korsakoff'S amnesia
43. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
pupil
hypocretin
lesions in the reticular activating system
consummatory stimulus
44. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
ethology
nucleotides
norepinephrine
Cranial Nerve X
45. The visual image of the world on the retina
prefrontal cortex
cerebrospinal fluid
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
proximal image
46. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential
relative refractory period
substantia nigra
Cranial Nerves
amygdala
47. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)
K Complexes
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
indirect antagonists
prefrontal cortex
48. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
affinity
sleep attack
homeostatic regulation
retinal ganglion cells
49. Portion of a sensory field to which a cell responds
theta activity
REM rebound
Bem'S Androgyny studies
receptive field
50. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
reticular formation
pupil
osmoreceptors
tritanopia