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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)






2. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion






3. Norepinephrine and serotonin






4. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus






5. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb






6. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)






7. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath






8. Cumulative effects of repeated stimulation from a presynaptic neuron






9. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine






10. States that performance is worst at extremely low or extremely high levels of arousal and optimally at an intermediate level






11. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death

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12. Transparent substance between lens and retina






13. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum






14. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra






15. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue






16. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia






17. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)






18. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms






19. Caudate nucleus and putamen






20. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)






21. 'covering'






22. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted






23. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra






24. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy






25. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus






26. Is characteristic of indirect antagonists






27. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand






28. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges






29. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)






30. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia






31. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice






32. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones






33. Are found in the diencephalon






34. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin






35. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates






36. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory






37. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body






38. Has a major role in metabolism - stimulation/maintenance - produces the hormones thyroxin and calcitonin






39. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina






40. Midbrain - medulla and the pons






41. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand






42. Olfactory Nerve - smell






43. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser






44. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV






45. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil






46. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)






47. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)






48. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red






49. Abducens Nerve - moves eye






50. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses







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