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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus






2. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone






3. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)






4. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements






5. Midbrain - medulla and the pons






6. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity






7. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity






8. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions






9. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion






10. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus






11. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals






12. Includes the tectum and tegmentum






13. Reduces anxiety - released with NE in amygdala - hippocampus - basal ganglia - periaqueductal gray region - locus coeruleus and PFS; NPY is diminished in persons with PTSD/CPTSD and those exposed to chronic stress






14. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes






15. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems






16. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand






17. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body






18. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells






19. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser






20. Projects to ventral tegmental area






21. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra






22. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)






23. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors






24. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)






25. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity






26. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery






27. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor






28. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)






29. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential






30. Has neurons for reflexes






31. Olfactory Nerve - smell






32. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine






33. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females






34. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor






35. Is regulated by the hypothalamus






36. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)






37. 'little brain'






38. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors






39. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements

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40. Smooth electrical activity of 8-12 Hz -medium frequency - awake but in a restful state (^ eyes closed but conscious)






41. Part of limbic system; protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus - contains some hypothalamic nuclei






42. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity






43. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina






44. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin






45. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)






46. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system






47. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress






48. Absolute; relative






49. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision






50. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)