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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
pituitary gland
species- specific reactions
Mesolimbic System
All-or-None Law
2. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
trichromatic levels of color vision
retinal ganglion cells
medial nucleus of the amygdala
homeostasis
3. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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4. Relays nerve impulses - processes sensory impulses - reflex behavior and contains nerve cell bodies
spinal cord
endogenous
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
relative refractory period
5. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
hypothalamus
receptor blockers
Frontal lobe
6. Sleepwalking - sleep talking
hypnagogic activity
estrous cycle
midbrain
sleep spindles
7. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
the adrenal medulla
trichromatic levels of color vision
melatonin
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
8. Governs eating/drinking (lateral and ventromedial hypothalami) and sexual activity (anterior portion
nystagmus
medial nucleus of the amygdala
direct antagonist
hypothalamus
9. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior
nystagmus
anterior hypothalamus
osmoreceptors
Vomeronasal Organ
10. Include indolamines (serotonin) and catecholamines (dopamine - norepinephrine and epinephrine)
law of specific nerve energies
motor cortex
meninges
monoamines
11. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
tardive dyskinesia
endorphin
pineal gland
prefrontal cortex
12. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)
fornix
hypothalamus
pineal gland
H.M
13. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
Cranial Nerve X
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
hypnagogic activity
14. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
septal rage
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
dirty medications; clean medications
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
15. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
tritanopia
biological etiology of schizophrenia
collateral sprouting
aphasia
16. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system
amygdala
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
Mesolimbic System
L-Dopa
17. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
association area
estrous cycle
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
inferior colliculi
18. ...
reciprocal innervation
law of specific nerve energies
neostriatum
Cranial Nerves
19. 'little brain'
cerebellum
suprachiasmatic nucleus
endocrine system
stages of sleep
20. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
Cranial Nerve VIII
Ketamine
effects of repeated administration
Cranial Nerve X
21. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
extirpation
Cranial Nerve XI
hypothalamus
bregma
22. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
Mesocortical system
receptive field
norepinephrine
Vandenbergh effect
23. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
non-competitive binding
antagonist
biological foundations
Frontal lobe
24. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
cutaneous senses
autonomic nervous system
Cranial Nerve VII
polysomnograms
25. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals
diploid
hypocretin
myelin sheath
lesions in the reticular activating system
26. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
aqueous humor
monoamines
septal rage
27. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
tardive dyskinesia
norepinephrine
neostriatum
tritanopia
28. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
H.M
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
extirpation
anterior hypothalamus
29. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex
triggers of behavior
pituitary gland
noncompetitive binding
Mesocortical system
30. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain
norepinephrine
efferent neurons
trichromatic levels of color vision
Frontal lobe
31. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
norepinephrine
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
hypocretin
amacrine cells
32. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
hypocretin
pituitary gland
monoamines
noncompetitive binding
33. There are 12 add more
Cranial Nerves
Yerkes-Dodson Law
non-competitive bonding
osmoreceptors
34. Related to plasticity - the term Lashley used to describe different parts of the cortex being interchangeable in their roles in learning
equipotentiality
meninges
monoamines
fusiform face area
35. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
Cranial Nerves
hair cells
Cranial Nerve IV
projection fiber
36. Two different presynaptic neurons/inputs to a post-synaptic cell
spatial summation
Mesocortical system
autolytic
association areas; projection areas
37. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)
cerebral cortex
species- specific reactions
galvanic skin response (GSR)
Coolidge effect
38. Caudate nucleus and putamen
antagonist
cutaneous senses
amygdala
neostriatum
39. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
cerebellum
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
sleep attack
tegmentum
40. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
parathyroid
substantia nigra
species- specific reactions
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
41. Receive incoming sensory information or send out motor impulse commands
medulla & pons
suspensory ligament
hippocampus
projection areas
42. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV
slow-wave sleep
projection fiber
pituitary gland
sign stimulus
43. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
non-REM sleep
Mesolimbic System
subarachnoid space
44. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body
contralateral
receptive field
non-competitive binding
homeostatic regulation
45. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
indirect antagonists
K Complexes
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
medulla & pons
46. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
homeostasis
synthesis-activation hypothesis
Vomeronasal Organ
motor cortex
47. Holds the lens in place
suspensory ligament
ultimate biological considerations
brainstem
indirect antagonists
48. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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49. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
sleep attack
Korsakoff'S amnesia
Cranial Nerves
ultimate biological considerations
50. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
aqueous humor
estrous cycle
projection fiber
parathyroid