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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
lens
cutaneous senses
tritanopia
brainstem
2. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz
non-REM sleep
theta activity
hypothalamus
septal rage
3. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
subdural space
bregma
motor cortex
Cranial Nerve II
4. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia
prefrontal hypoactivity
basal ganglia
sleep spindles
effects of repeated administration
5. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
antagonist
behavioral regulation
non-REM sleep
nystagmus
6. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
subdural space
polysomnograms
suprachiasmatic nucleus
homeostasis
7. Hormones that reduce pain
Hobson & McCarley
endorphin & enkephalin
Cranial Nerve X
Cranial Nerve XI
8. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine
Whitten effect
tectum
norepinephrine
gonad
9. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone
endocrine system
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
adrenal cortex
REM sleep
10. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
fornix
suprachiasmatic nucleus
the 7 major neurotransmitters
pheromone
11. Occurs when their is damage to the septal area and results in unchecked aggressive and vicious behavior
proximate biological considerations
spinal cord
anterograde
septal rage
12. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning
absolute refractory periods
species- specific reactions
pineal gland
anterior hypothalamus
13. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier
agonist
corpus callosum
lipid soluble drugs/medications
Mesolimbic System
14. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
Cranial Nerve XI
effects of repeated administration
tectum
fusiform face area
15. Cumulative effects of repeated stimulation from a presynaptic neuron
absolute refractory periods
prefrontal cortex
temporal summation
sensorimotor cortex
16. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
ipsilateral
accommodation (bodily)
beta activity
Glial cells
17. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
Cranial Nerve III
lens
tegmentum
reticulum
18. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
medial nucleus of the amygdala
occipital lobes
Cranial Nerve I
19. Moving forward
anterograde
hypothalamus + thalamus
acetylcholine
ovaries/testes
20. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
L-Dopa
autolytic
cerebral cortex
sleep spindles
21. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum
pineal gland
cingulate gyrus
ventricles
slow-wave sleep
22. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods
behavioral regulation
umami
hippocampus
ovaries/testes
23. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
Cranial Nerve IX
association area
pituitary gland
Bruce effect
24. Comprised of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland - thyroid gland - parathyroid - the adrenal cortex - the adrenal medulla - the pancreas - the ovaries/testes - pineal gland.
endocrine system
tectum
Mesocortical system
spinal cord
25. Associated with defensive and aggressive behavior; lesions produce docility and hypersexual states (Kluver & Bucy)
polysomnograms
amygdala
prefrontal cortex
adrenal cortex
26. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)
thalamus
bregma
reaction time
fusiform face area
27. Transparent substance between lens and retina
tyrosine
affinity
path of cerebrospinal fluid
vitreous humor
28. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
zygote
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
midbrain
lipid soluble drugs/medications
29. Projects to ventral tegmental area
receptive field
amacrine cells
Lee-Boot effect
prefrontal cortex
30. Controls sexual activity
thalamus
tegmentum
anterior hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve IV
31. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
the adrenal medulla
path of cerebrospinal fluid
supernormal stimulus
32. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
Vomeronasal Organ
medulla & pons
temporal summation
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
33. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
hair cells
Coolidge effect
prefrontal cortex
estrous cycle
34. Smooth electrical activity of 8-12 Hz -medium frequency - awake but in a restful state (^ eyes closed but conscious)
basal forebrain
monoamines
alpha activity
Cranial Nerve VI
35. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
36. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
inferior colliculi
behavioral regulation
ethology
pituitary gland
37. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice
noncompetitive binding
Vandenbergh effect
autonomic nervous system
cutaneous senses
38. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
cerebrospinal fluid
behavioral regulation
affinity
autonomic nervous system
39. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
retinal ganglion cells
homeostatic regulation
septal rage
occipital lobes
40. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes
adrenal cortex
cataplexy
corpus callosum
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
41. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
cerebellum
Cranial Nerve VI
alpha activity
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
42. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
association areas; projection areas
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
hippocampus
autonomic nervous system
43. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
ipsilateral
subarachnoid space
projection areas
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
44. Follow Hering'S Opponent Process of color vision - and only have two types: red-green and yellow-blue; other levels of color vision are tri-chromatic
cutaneous senses
Cranial Nerve VI
locus coeruleus
retinal ganglion cells
45. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
spatial summation
non-REM sleep
All-or-None Law
progesterone
46. 1. Stage I (non-REM sleep) 2. Stage II (non-REM sleep 3. Stage III (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 4. Stage IV (non-REM sleep - slow-wave sleep) 5. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM sleep) ~takes about 90 minutes for one full sleep cycle
basal forebrain
stages of sleep
acetylcholine
nigrostriatal system
47. The Lee-Boot effect - Whitten effect - Vandenbergh effect - and the Bruce effect; all mediated by the VNO
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
hypothalamus
substantia nigra
association area
48. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
Cranial Nerve X
pupil
Vandenbergh effect
diencephalon
49. Is characteristic of indirect antagonists
non-competitive bonding
Cranial Nerve V
iris
tolerance
50. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods
scotopic vision
trichromatic levels of color vision
Cranial Nerve VI
phenotype