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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Supernormal
mesencephalon
diploid
supernormal stimulus
Frontal lobe
2. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
locus coeruleus
autolytic
iris
behavioral regulation
3. Forebrain -band of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
efferent neurons
corpus callosum
subarachnoid space
4. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
slow-wave sleep
progesterone
adrenal cortex
5. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
fusiform face area
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
beta activity
basal ganglia
6. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
association area
tardive dyskinesia
suprachiasmatic nucleus
association areas; projection areas
7. Includes the tectum and tegmentum
zygosity
mesencephalon
Whitten effect
biological etiology of schizophrenia
8. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -controls stress response
autonomic nervous system
occipital lobes
suspensory ligament
HPA Axis
9. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
substantia nigra
midbrain
progesterone
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
10. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
absolute refractory periods
hypothalamus
ovaries/testes
Ketamine
11. Occurs intermittently during early stages of slow-wave sleep and REM sleep 3.5-7.5 Hz
endorphin
pituitary gland
locus coeruleus
theta activity
12. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
suprachiasmatic nucleus
non-competitive binding
Cranial Nerve II
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
13. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements
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14. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
K Complexes
tegmentum
mammillary bodies
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
15. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
direct antagonist
thalamus
cutaneous senses
anterior hypothalamus
16. The earlier onset of puberty seen in female animals that are housed with males caused by a pheromone in the male'S urine and first observed in mice
Bem'S Androgyny studies
Vandenbergh effect
substantia nigra
Cranial Nerves
17. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect
prefrontal cortex
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
dirty medications; clean medications
amygdala
18. Precursor to GABA (the most inhibitory/regulatory/pervasive neurotransmitter)
lesions in the reticular activating system
monoamine neurotransmitters
subdural space
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
19. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body
proximate biological considerations
projection fiber
contralateral
All-or-None Law
20. 'little net'
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
red nucleus + substantia nigra
reticulum
proximate biological considerations
21. Norepinephrine and serotonin
basal forebrain
monoamine neurotransmitters
estrous cycle
autolytic
22. Sleep tests (i.e. to diagnosis sleep apnea)
cutaneous senses
polysomnograms
aphasia
basic rest-activity cycle
23. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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24. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the substantia nigra and ending in the neostriatum
nigrostriatal system
direct antagonist
theta activity
adrenal cortex
25. Referred to as the satiety center; lesions lead to obesity and hyperphagia
biological etiology of schizophrenia
law of specific nerve energies
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
stages of sleep
26. 3 layers of tissues that cover and protect CNS; dura mater (outermost layer) - arachnoid mater (middle layer) - Pia mater (innermost layer)
subcortical structures
meninges
phenotype
Cranial Nerve IV
27. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
autolytic
Cranial Nerve V
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
agonist
28. Focuses light waves on the retina and is held in place by the suspensory ligament; aqueous humor on cornea side; vitreous humor on retina side
scotopic vision
bregma
K Complexes
lens
29. Choroid Plexus > Ventricle 1 & 2 > Foramen of Monro > Ventricle 3 > Aqueduct of Sylvius > Ventricle 4 > Foramen of Magendie lateral aperture) > Foramina of Luschka (lateral aperture) - subarachnoid space (outside of brain) and spinal cord > re-absorp
septal rage
reaction time
pituitary gland
path of cerebrospinal fluid
30. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults
Ketamine
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
hypothalamus
relative refractory period
31. Decreasing effects of a medication due to repeated administration
Cranial Nerve V
aqueous humor
red nucleus + substantia nigra
tolerance
32. The Lee-Boot effect - Whitten effect - Vandenbergh effect - and the Bruce effect; all mediated by the VNO
sleep
meninges
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
Glial cells
33. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
amygdala
medial nucleus of the amygdala
Yerkes-Dodson Law
receptive field
34. Glossopharyngeal Nerve - taste swallow
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
extirpation
Cranial Nerve IX
Yerkes-Dodson Law
35. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems
fusiform face area
efferent neurons
effects of repeated administration
stages of sleep
36. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
delta activity
association area
occipital lobes
37. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
prefrontal cortex
effects of repeated administration
projection fiber
Cranial Nerve IX
38. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
cingulate gyrus
spatial summation
pineal gland
retinal ganglion cells
39. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
fornix
antimanics
prefrontal hypoactivity
pupil
40. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
midbrain
sleep spindles
antimanics
Vandenbergh effect
41. Occurs when their is damage to the septal area and results in unchecked aggressive and vicious behavior
septal rage
norepinephrine
effects of repeated administration
accommodation (bodily)
42. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum
homeostatic regulation
path of lightwaves entering eye
ovaries/testes
mesencephalon
43. The visual image of the world on the retina
Cranial Nerve III
proximal image
ethology
sign stimulus
44. In the posterior frontal lobe - contains the somatosensory cortex (touch - pressure - temperature - pain)
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
pineal gland
parietal lobes
sign stimulus
45. ...
aphasia
law of specific nerve energies
K Complexes
effects of repeated administration
46. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges
adrenal cortex
antagonist
vitreous humor
subdural space
47. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)
endorphin & enkephalin
gonad
law of specific nerve energies
thalamus
48. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
path of lightwaves entering eye
contralateral
sensitivity
hindbrain
49. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
zygosity
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
nigrostriatal system
mesencephalon
50. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
trichromatic levels of color vision
association areas; projection areas
the 7 major neurotransmitters
septum