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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy






2. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress






3. Affect multiple receptors; highly preferential to which type of receptor they affect






4. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates






5. hormone - secreted by the pituitary gland -signals the adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid hormones -ACTH is a critical component of the HPA Axis that controls the stress response






6. Most pervasive excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain






7. Has neurons for reflexes






8. Include indolamines (serotonin) and catecholamines (dopamine - norepinephrine and epinephrine)






9. If head is rotated - eye movements occur in the same direction






10. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex






11. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration






12. In the posterior frontal lobe - contains the somatosensory cortex (touch - pressure - temperature - pain)






13. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil






14. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)






15. Transparent substance between lens and retina






16. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice






17. Is generated by photoreceptors that are only sensitive to degrees of brightness; black-and-white vision found in the rods






18. learning and memory -neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle axons to excite the muscle to contract






19. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)

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20. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease






21. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon






22. Decreases with age up until age 30 - then begins to increase *(counter intuitive)*






23. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior






24. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red






25. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)






26. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates






27. Controls sexual activity; lesions inhibit sexual behavior; stimulation increases aggressive sexual behavior






28. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina






29. Is characteristic of indirect antagonist drugs






30. A 90-minute activity cycle occurs throughout the day as well as throughout sleep (in humans) waxing and waning alertness controlled by a biological clock in the caudal brainstem that also controls cycles of REM and slow-wave sleep






31. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)






32. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates






33. Self-dissolving






34. Includes the tectum and tegmentum






35. Projects to ventral tegmental area






36. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses






37. Abducens Nerve - moves eye






38. Suggests that dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses (Hobson & McCarley)






39. Attaches to the binding site on a receptor and interferes with the receptor'S action - but NOT by interfering with the principal ligand'S binding site (noncompetitive binding)






40. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid






41. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system






42. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina






43. ...






44. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit

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45. States that performance is worst at extremely low or extremely high levels of arousal and optimally at an intermediate level






46. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses






47. Expression of traits






48. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory






49. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi






50. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)