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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus
mesencephalon
Frontal lobe
parietal lobes
the 7 major neurotransmitters
2. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
REM rebound
aqueous humor
cerebrospinal fluid
norepinephrine
3. Moving forward
extirpation
anterograde
endorphin
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
4. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
noncompetitive binding
L-Dopa
brainstem
Vomeronasal Organ
5. Functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter in the brain
midbrain
norepinephrine
Cranial Nerve X
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
6. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
thalamus
hypothalamus + thalamus
Whitten effect
trichromatic levels of color vision
7. Made from within - natural
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
endogenous
melatonin
All-or-None Law
8. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function
Vandenbergh effect
nigrostriatal system
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
lesions in the reticular activating system
9. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
Hobson & McCarley
reticulum
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
noncompetitive binding
10. ...
law of specific nerve energies
tritanopia
vitreous humor
Farber et al. (1995)
11. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
tegmentum
ultimate biological considerations
anterior hypothalamus
Lee-Boot effect
12. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve IV
homeostasis
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
monoamine neurotransmitters
13. Has two lobes that are connected by the massa intermedia (looks like a pair of balls - without the nutsack)
basal ganglia
thalamus
Hebb rule
Mesolimbic System
14. Produces acetylcholine. One of the earliest sites of cell death in Alzheimer'S Disease (neurological disorder associated with a deficiency in acetylcholine) is in the basal forebrain
basal forebrain
H.M
tectum
non-competitive bonding
15. Colored part of the eye
medulla & pons
iris
cerebral cortex
neostriatum
16. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
hypnagogic activity
biological foundations
Korsakoff'S amnesia
accommodation (bodily)
17. Relays nerve impulses - processes sensory impulses - reflex behavior and contains nerve cell bodies
spinal cord
Hobson & McCarley
Bruce effect
nucleotides
18. A single - unfertilized cell created during conception; the combined egg + sperm
basal ganglia
medulla & pons
zygote
tegmentum
19. Reduces anxiety - released with NE in amygdala - hippocampus - basal ganglia - periaqueductal gray region - locus coeruleus and PFS; NPY is diminished in persons with PTSD/CPTSD and those exposed to chronic stress
Cranial Nerve V
Bruce effect
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
reciprocal innervation
20. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
sleep paralysis
Bem'S Androgyny studies
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
path of cerebrospinal fluid
21. Termination of pregnancy by the odor of a pheromone in the urine of a male other than the one that impregnated the female; first observed in mice
Bruce effect
Korsakoff'S amnesia
fornix
pineal gland
22. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
sign stimulus
monozygotic twins
the 7 major neurotransmitters
hypothalamus
23. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
Cranial Nerves
midbrain
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
delta activity
24. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
ventricles
Cranial Nerve VII
behavioral regulation
extirpation
25. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
Vandenbergh effect
sleep
amygdala
dopaminergic systems
26. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
cerebellum
cerebellum
suprachiasmatic nucleus
contralateral
27. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
Cranial Nerve X
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
umami
melatonin
28. Mechanism whereby neurons make connections to new areas to change their connectivity
collateral sprouting
absolute refractory periods
Frontal lobe
pheromone
29. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
Vandenbergh effect
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
graded potentials
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
30. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential
non-competitive binding
relative refractory period
mesencephalon
indirect antagonists
31. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
mesencephalon
non-competitive binding
parietal lobes
antimanics
32. Trigerminal Nerve - face sensation
Cranial Nerve V
species- specific reactions
indirect antagonists
projection areas
33. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
locus coeruleus
mammillary bodies
34. Controls sexual activity
delta activity
biological etiology of schizophrenia
collateral sprouting
anterior hypothalamus
35. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier
septum
GABA
non-REM sleep
lipid soluble drugs/medications
36. Glandular system control center - produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic; functions in both the nervous system and endocrine sytem - In the forebrain - regulates motivated behaviors (eating - drinking - aggression - sexual behavior
lesions in the reticular activating system
hypnagogic activity
Cranial Nerve VIII
hypothalamus
37. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
zygote
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
thyroid
retinal ganglion cells
38. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
effects of repeated administration
nucleotides
HPA Axis
pupil
39. Affect sex characteristics/development and produce estrogen/progesterone (in females - ovaries) and testosterone (in male - testes)
supernormal stimulus
ovaries/testes
Cranial Nerve IX
hippocampus
40. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
midbrain
pineal gland
sign stimulus
accommodation (bodily)
41. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults
Vandenbergh effect
Ketamine
Frontal lobe
occipital lobes
42. Has a calcium-related role and produces the hormone parathyroid
biological foundations
nigrostriatal system
reciprocal innervation
parathyroid
43. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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44. Regulates body temperature
substantia nigra
monoamine neurotransmitters
hypothalamus
sensitivity
45. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
fusiform face area
association areas; projection areas
motor cortex
equipotentiality
46. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
noncompetitive binding
subarachnoid space
Vomeronasal Organ
biological foundations
47. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
mammillary bodies
substantia nigra
Cranial Nerve VII
acetylcholine
48. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina
path of lightwaves entering eye
association areas; projection areas
adrenal cortex
retinal ganglion cells
49. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
effects of repeated administration
Hobson & McCarley
subcortical structures
50. Audition: protrusions on top of midbrain; part of auditory system
extirpation
lens
inferior colliculi
projection area