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Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red






2. Glandular system control center - produces the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic; functions in both the nervous system and endocrine sytem - In the forebrain - regulates motivated behaviors (eating - drinking - aggression - sexual behavior






3. Transparent substance between lens and retina






4. Norepinephrine and serotonin






5. Sudden - sharp waveforms found only in Stage II of sleep; spontaneously occur about one per minute but also to unexpected noises






6. Absolute; relative






7. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements






8. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath






9. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential






10. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates






11. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates






12. Those biological considerations which are DISTANT; Evolutionary Psychology - Comparative Psychology - Ethology






13. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand






14. Reduces anxiety - released with NE in amygdala - hippocampus - basal ganglia - periaqueductal gray region - locus coeruleus and PFS; NPY is diminished in persons with PTSD/CPTSD and those exposed to chronic stress






15. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity






16. Phantom limb pain - hypnotic induction and the success rate of placebo treatments






17. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra






18. The synchronization of the menstrual or estrous cycles of a group of females - which occurs only in the presence of a pheromone in a male'S urine






19. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor






20. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus






21. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone






22. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin






23. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)






24. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors






25. Begins where spinal cord ends - 3 structures: the medulla - the pons - the cerebellum






26. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death

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27. Portion of a sensory field to which a cell responds






28. Research indicates that the expressing of negative emotions is associated with increased immune function; inhibiting negative emotions with decreasing immune function






29. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal






30. Bunch of dopaminergic neurons starting in the ventral tegmental area and ending in prefrontal cortex






31. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner






32. Synchronized EEG activity during its deeper stages






33. Is used to treat Parkinson'S Disease






34. Fluid filled cavities in the middle of the brain - linking to the spinal canal that runs down the middle of the spinal cord; this fluid is cerebrospinal fluid






35. Acquired language disorders - usually caused by damage in the left hemisphere; includes Broca'S: (left frontal lobe damage) and Wernickes'S (left temporal/parietal damage)






36. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems






37. Abducens Nerve - moves eye






38. Measure changes in the electrical resistance of the skin (sweat gland activity)






39. Causes mesolimbic dopamine hyperactivity; etiology of schizophrenia






40. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system






41. Activates one of 5 types of receptors in the CNS - cognition - motor activity - reward - muscle tone - sleep - mood - attention - learning -higher level effects of dopamine = D2






42. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus






43. Self-dissolving






44. Means 'Savory' in Japanese and is a taste receptor found on the tongue; activated by glutamate present in meats - cheese and other protein heavy foods






45. Is found in the interior rostral temporal lobe - part of limbic system






46. Are found in the diencephalon






47. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra






48. Viscous substance between cornea and lens; transparent substance between lens and retina






49. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser






50. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit

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