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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
substantia nigra
prefrontal cortex
septum
Cranial Nerve VI
2. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Cranial Nerve X
reticular formation
fusiform face area
3. Norepinephrine and serotonin
endogenous
monoamine neurotransmitters
basal forebrain
Cranial Nerve V
4. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
nigrostriatal system
subcortical structures
supernormal stimulus
Cranial Nerve VIII
5. Involved in the effects of odors/pheromones in reproductive behavior - a nucleus that receives olfactory information from the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb
medial nucleus of the amygdala
sensorimotor cortex
aphasia
norepinephrine
6. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)
myelin sheath
tectum
indirect antagonists
Mesocortical system
7. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath
Glial cells
Mesolimbic System
cerebrospinal fluid
basal ganglia
8. Cumulative effects of repeated stimulation from a presynaptic neuron
thyroid
temporal summation
K Complexes
thalamus
9. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
septal rage
reaction time
projection area
nucleotides
10. States that performance is worst at extremely low or extremely high levels of arousal and optimally at an intermediate level
hypothalamus
Yerkes-Dodson Law
tyrosine
brainstem
11. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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12. Transparent substance between lens and retina
noncompetitive binding
cerebellum
vitreous humor
nucleotides
13. The midbrain; a region that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct; includes tectum and the tegmentum
lesions in the reticular activating system
association areas; projection areas
collateral sprouting
mesencephalon
14. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
midbrain
thyroid
subcortical structures
path of cerebrospinal fluid
15. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
indirect antagonists
Cranial Nerve XII
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
galvanic skin response (GSR)
16. Lesions to this brain structure that is crucial to memory will produce anterograde amnesia
hippocampus
collateral sprouting
sleep attack
hypnagogic activity
17. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
motor cortex
bregma
basal ganglia
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
18. Hormone secreted during the night by the pineal body; role in circadian and seasonal rhythms
sleep
ipsilateral
prefrontal cortex
melatonin
19. Caudate nucleus and putamen
parietal lobes
neostriatum
Cranial Nerve I
supernormal stimulus
20. Short bursts of waves 12-14 Hz that occur 2-5 times a minute during stages 1-4 of sleep; most characteristic of sleep Stage II; some believe sleep spindles are involved in keeping one asleep (decline in older people)
Cranial Nerve X
sleep spindles
monozygotic twins
All-or-None Law
21. 'covering'
lipid soluble drugs/medications
osmoregulation
Vomeronasal Organ
tegmentum
22. A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior or physiology of another animal; usually smelled or tasted
Cranial Nerve VIII
autonomic nervous system
pheromone
affinity
23. Ventral part of midbrain - includes periaqueductal gray matter - reticular formation - red nucleus - and substantia nigra
efferent neurons
prefrontal cortex
midbrain
tegmentum
24. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
temporal lobes
hypocretin
diploid
adrenal cortex
25. Is everything anterior to the central sulcus
dirty medications; clean medications
sensorimotor cortex
subarachnoid space
Frontal lobe
26. Is characteristic of indirect antagonists
non-competitive bonding
zygote
sleep paralysis
projection fiber
27. Binding of drug to receptor site that doesn'T interfere with the principal ligand
noncompetitive binding
iris
All-or-None Law
thalamus
28. Is found between the dura mater and arachnoid mater meninges
parathyroid
subdural space
Mesolimbic System
mesencephalon
29. Convoluted of hills (gyri) and valleys (sulci) divided into two hemispheres (left and right) which are further divided into four lobes (occipital - parietal - temporal and frontal)
galvanic skin response (GSR)
law of specific nerve energies
cerebral cortex
anterior hypothalamus
30. Found that developmental changes occurring in puberty make the brain more susceptible to the psychotic effects of NDMA antagonist and therefore also related to the emergence of symptoms of schizophrenia
occipital lobes
Coolidge effect
gonad
Farber et al. (1995)
31. The slowing and eventual cessation of estrous cycles in groups of female animals that are housed together; caused by a pheromone in the animals urine and first observed in mice
spinal cord
zygosity
Lee-Boot effect
nigrostriatal system
32. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
mesencephalon
slow-wave sleep
Vomeronasal Organ
cutaneous senses
33. Are found in the diencephalon
umami
hypothalamus + thalamus
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
path of lightwaves entering eye
34. Occurs at the onset of puberty; a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin
All-or-None Law
dopamine (neurotransmitter)
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
35. The female reproductive cycle of mammals other than primates
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
Mesolimbic System
estrous cycle
cutaneous senses
36. Somewhat excitatory - also involved in synaptic plasticity - learning and short-term memory
inferior colliculi
Cranial Nerve III
estrous cycle
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
37. Some brain communications are with the same side of the body
L-Dopa
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
ipsilateral
occipital lobes
38. Has a major role in metabolism - stimulation/maintenance - produces the hormones thyroxin and calcitonin
hippocampus
Cranial Nerve XI
thyroid
Farber et al. (1995)
39. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
accommodation (bodily)
synthesis-activation hypothesis
40. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
cerebellum
pupil
brainstem
41. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
non-competitive binding
gonad
equipotentiality
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
42. Olfactory Nerve - smell
Whitten effect
mesencephalon
Cranial Nerve I
cerebellum
43. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
triggers of behavior
vitreous humor
basal forebrain
Mesolimbic System
44. Contains delta activity - stages III and IV
sensorimotor cortex
hypothalamus
slow-wave sleep
cerebellum
45. Oculomotor Nerve - moves eye pupil
tectum
antagonist
amygdala
Cranial Nerve III
46. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
non-competitive bonding
Yerkes-Dodson Law
47. Thymoleptics = relieves mania of bipolar disorder (lithium carbonate - valproic acid - carbamazepine)
species- specific reactions
antimanics
monoamines
collateral sprouting
48. An inherited form of defective color vision in which hues with short wavelengths are confused (blue cone dysfunction); see world in green and red
monozygotic twins
homeostasis
tritanopia
path of cerebrospinal fluid
49. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve VI
Bruce effect
progesterone
50. Combines input from diverse brain regions; receives sensory information/sends motor impulses
pheromone
K Complexes
association areas; projection areas
tectum
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