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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
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gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Controls circadian rhythms - produces melatonin (daylight signals go to the eyes to the hypothalamus to the pineal gland)
pineal gland
substantia nigra
sensitivity
autonomic nervous system
2. SCN = controls circadian rhythms - located directly above the optic chasm in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus - receives input from the eyes which is why light exposure affects our sleep-wake cycles
medulla & pons
affinity
inferior colliculi
suprachiasmatic nucleus
3. Smooth electrical activity of 8-12 Hz -medium frequency - awake but in a restful state (^ eyes closed but conscious)
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
suspensory ligament
basic rest-activity cycle
alpha activity
4. Optic Nerve - sight
aphasia
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
law of specific nerve energies
Cranial Nerve II
5. One of the primary noradrenergic nuclei whose ascending axons project to frontal cortex - thalamus - hypothalamus - limbic system
Mesolimbic System
hypothalamus + thalamus
norepinephrine
locus coeruleus
6. Hypoglossal Nerve - moves the tongue
supernormal stimulus
Cranial Nerve XII
fornix
fusiform face area
7. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
anterior hypothalamus
Cranial Nerve VIII
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
reticular formation
8. Links the nervous system and endocrine system; comprised of involuntary efferent neurons and divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches: Sympathetic Nervous System is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and the Parasympathetic N
autonomic nervous system
cerebral cortex
effects of repeated administration
brainstem
9. Phantom limb pain - hypnotic induction and the success rate of placebo treatments
Yerkes-Dodson Law
non-REM sleep
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
REM sleep
10. Is found in the frontal lobe (which is divided into the prefrontal lobes and ___ ___)
anterior hypothalamus
endocrine system
motor cortex
bregma
11. Increasing effects/effectiveness of a medication due to repeated administration
sensitivity
sexual dimorphic behavior
biological etiology of schizophrenia
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
12. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
monozygotic twins
corpus callosum
cerebrospinal fluid
13. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
REM sleep
norepinephrine
ionotropic receptors
cerebellum
14. A region of the visual association cortex located in the extrastriate cortex at the base of the brain that has special face-recognizing circuits (more important in right hemisphere)
fusiform face area
basic rest-activity cycle
REM sleep
delta activity
15. AKA the striate cortex - located at the back of the brain - and contains the visual cortex
occipital lobes
non-competitive bonding
medial nucleus of the amygdala
brainstem
16. Projects to ventral tegmental area
prefrontal cortex
tectum
HPA Axis
sleep attack
17. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
affinity
brainstem
spatial summation
basal ganglia
18. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
Glial cells
amygdala
Cranial Nerve V
receptor blockers
19. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
biological etiology of schizophrenia
monoamines
20. Precursor to the catecholamine neurotransmitters (DA + NE)
tyrosine
Thompson & Spencer
accommodation (bodily)
equipotentiality
21. Occurs when a neuron is hyperpolarized and characterized by sufficient strength of stimulation triggering a new action potential
medial nucleus of the amygdala
relative refractory period
occipital lobes
thalamus
22. Eating - sex - aggression - sleep - focus on subcortical and neuroendocrine control of behavior
behavioral regulation
hypothalamus + thalamus
temporal summation
autonomic nervous system
23. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
mesencephalon
sensorimotor cortex
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
24. Most pervasive excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
K Complexes
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
thyroid
Whitten effect
25. A single - unfertilized cell created during conception; the combined egg + sperm
path of lightwaves entering eye
zygote
scotopic vision
cerebellum
26. Damage to this are causes clumsiness and loss of balance
pupil
cerebellum
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
galvanic skin response (GSR)
27. Holds the lens in place
indirect antagonists
suspensory ligament
sleep paralysis
Mesolimbic System
28. Is a peptide neurotransmitter and a natural painkiller and antianxiety
Frontal lobe
endorphin
the adrenal medulla
progesterone
29. Referred to as the satiety center; lesions lead to obesity and hyperphagia
motor cortex
Cranial Nerve V
receptive field
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
30. Found in the ventricles and spinal canal
Ketamine
septal rage
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
cerebrospinal fluid
31. There are 12 add more
Cranial Nerves
tardive dyskinesia
Thompson & Spencer
species- specific reactions
32. A sensory organ that detects the presence of certain chemicals - especially when a liquid is actively sniffed; mediates the effects of some pheromones
Vomeronasal Organ
accommodation (bodily)
suprachiasmatic nucleus
corpus callosum
33. Irregular electrical activity of 13-30 Hz - state of arousal - attentive
Hebb rule
ethology
beta activity
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
34. Adenine - Guanine - Thymine - Cytosine
temporal summation
cutaneous senses
nucleotides
umami
35. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
affinity
gonad
progesterone
delta activity
36. 'Roof'
tectum
nystagmus
anterior hypothalamus
REM rebound
37. These cells perform a variety of functions but do not transmit information; one type forms the myelin sheath
Glial cells
septal rage
the 7 major neurotransmitters
basic rest-activity cycle
38. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
absolute refractory periods
amygdala
norepinephrine
aqueous humor; vitreous humor
39. ...
effects of repeated administration
law of specific nerve energies
effects of repeated administration
projection areas
40. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
monoamine neurotransmitters
REM rebound
amygdala
the 7 major neurotransmitters
41. Cumulative effects of repeated stimulation from a presynaptic neuron
temporal summation
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
REM sleep
ultimate biological considerations
42. Extensive research in dreams - said BAH to Freud; proposed the activation-synthesis hypothesis (dreams are nothing more than the product of random electrical impulses)
cerebrospinal fluid
Hobson & McCarley
midbrain
graded potentials
43. A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
projection fiber
Cranial Nerve II
agonist
inferior colliculi
44. Moving forward
cerebellum
anterograde
Hobson & McCarley
hair cells
45. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina
path of lightwaves entering eye
non-competitive binding
Glial cells
monoamines
46. Symptom of narcolepsy - irresistible urge to
autonomic nervous system
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
sleep attack
septum
47. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements
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48. Is a loss of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia; these cells are usually dark (nigra) but in Parkinson'S - the substantia nigra appears white due to cell death
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49. Also known as ABLATION - is any surgically induced brain lesion
aphasia
projection fiber
estrous cycle
extirpation
50. Is characteristic of indirect antagonist drugs
noncompetitive binding
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
retinal ganglion cells
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
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