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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. All have similar molecular structure - so many 'dirty' medications
effects of repeated administration
red nucleus + substantia nigra
the 7 major neurotransmitters
monoamines
2. Similarity of alleles for a trait in an organism (i.e. heterozygous or homozygous)
zygosity
basal forebrain
glutamate (neurotransmitter)
tardive dyskinesia
3. Abducens Nerve - moves eye
Cranial Nerve VI
brainstem
monoamines
tyrosine
4. Dorsal part of midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi
tectum
Vandenbergh effect
law of specific nerve energies
hair cells
5. A steroid hormone produced by the ovary that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during the later part of the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy; along with estradiol it promotes receptivity in female mammals with estrous cycles
Cranial Nerve II
norepinephrine
Cranial Nerves
progesterone
6. Accessory Nerve - moves the head
H.M
monoamines
Cranial Nerve XI
vitreous humor
7. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
ethology
basal ganglia
effects of repeated administration
8. Is used as an anaesthetic for children and animals but causes psychosis in adults
Ketamine
Glial cells
medial nucleus of the amygdala
Cranial Nerve XI
9. A patient who had intact intelligence but an inability to learn/remember anything new (severe anterograde amnesia)
Thompson & Spencer
thalamus
effects of repeated administration
H.M
10. Auditory receptor cells in the cochlea that turn sound vibrations -> neural impulses
beta activity
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
agonist
hair cells
11. Pleasure center of the brain; discovered by Olds & Milner
septum
medial nucleus of the amygdala
septal rage
lesions in the reticular activating system
12. Is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates; these receptors are ionotropic
pineal gland
lens
melatonin
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
13. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
projection fiber
norepinephrine
basal forebrain
effects of repeated administration
14. Occurs for body temperature - blood glucose levels - blood concentration - etc -hormones are important
ultimate biological considerations
homeostatic regulation
supernormal stimulus
Mesocortical system
15. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
pupil
melatonin
thyroid
midbrain
16. The maintenance of water balance in the body
Cranial Nerve VIII
osmoregulation
sleep paralysis
prefrontal cortex
17. Attaches to a binding site on receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor without affecting the binding site for the principal ligand (noncompetitive binding)
indirect antagonists
amacrine cells
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
reticulum
18. Referred to as the satiety center; lesions lead to obesity and hyperphagia
absolute refractory periods
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
Cranial Nerve IX
19. An anterograde amnesia in which one cannot form episodic memories BUT in experiments - patients that cannot identify previously heard melodies do show a preference for them -> explicit memory function has a different neurological basis than implicit
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20. Opening in the iris; dilates and contracts allowing different levels of light in
Cranial Nerve IX
pupil
progesterone
spatial summation
21. Part of a glial cell that wraps around the axon of a neuron - providing insulation that facilitates speed of propagation of action potential
reticular formation
projection fiber
myelin sheath
amygdala
22. Completely disactivates the prefrontal cortex (PFC); due to high levels of norepinephrine (NE)
an increase in alpha-1 receptors
HPA Axis
K Complexes
pituitary gland
23. Receptors whose activation directly affects potassium or chloride ion channels in the neuron - (many drugs of abuse substitute for natural GABA- alcohol - benzos - barbituates
ionotropic receptors
stages of sleep
ventricles
sensitivity
24. An axon of a neuron in one region of the brain whose terminals form synapses with neurons in another region
tectum
Cranial Nerve VIII
zygote
projection fiber
25. Is an oversensitivity to dopamine (D2)
biological etiology of schizophrenia
bregma
supernormal stimulus
non-competitive bonding
26. Pass the easiest through the blood-brain barrier
dirty medications; clean medications
proximate biological considerations
sleep
lipid soluble drugs/medications
27. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
subarachnoid space
sexual dimorphic behavior
proximal image
receptor blockers
28. A large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem - from the medulla to the diencephalon
reticular formation
triggers of behavior
graded potentials
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
29. Instead of one continuum for sex (masculine-feminine) - her work in the presence of both masculine and feminine features/development suggests these are actually two separate continuums (defeminized-feminized and unmasculinized-masculinized)
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30. 1. ventral tegmentum to mesolimbic forebrain (cognition - reward systems - emotional behavior) 2. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus putamen (movement and sensory stimulation) 3. hypothalamus to pituitary gland (neuronal/hormonal control)
occipital lobes
iris
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
suspensory ligament
31. Facial Nerve - moves face and salivates
Cranial Nerve VII
supernormal stimulus
anterior hypothalamus
prefrontal cortex
32. Stimulates bone growth and produces the hormones: somatotropin - prolactin - thyroid-stimulating - adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) - follicle-stimulating - luteinnizing
subdural space
symptoms of Parkinson'S Disease
pituitary gland
GABA
33. Strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres - just above the corpus callosum
estrous cycle
sleep spindles
cingulate gyrus
ipsilateral
34. Lens changes initiated by the ciliary muscles to change the shape of the lens in order to focus image on the retina
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
adrenal cortex
accommodation (bodily)
noncompetitive binding
35. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
Thompson & Spencer
the 3 major pathways of dopamine in the brain
pituitary gland
the 7 major neurotransmitters
36. Is found at the base of the brain - underneath the thalamus (**remember hypo-below)
hypothalamus
accommodation (bodily)
aphasia
subcortical structures
37. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
anterograde
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
alpha activity
ethology
38. Absolute; relative
polysomnograms
subdural space
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
39. Automatic and rapidly acquired reactions - not attributable to reinforcement or conditioning
tegmentum
hindbrain
species- specific reactions
projection areas
40. A drug that opposes/inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell
supernormal stimulus
antagonist
non-competitive bonding
cerebellum
41. A BEHAVIOR; insistent urge of sleepiness forces us to seek sleep/a bad
norepinephrine
Ketamine
REM rebound
sleep
42. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
homeostatic regulation
sensitivity
amacrine cells
Frontal lobe
43. Has neurons for reflexes
slow-wave sleep
spinal cord
graded potentials
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
44. A peptide - also known as OREXIN - produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the hypothalamus; their destruction causes narcolepsy
tritanopia
temporal lobes
hypocretin
spatial summation
45. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
pupil
All-or-None Law
subarachnoid space
hair cells
46. 'little brain'
cerebellum
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
amygdala
endocrine system
47. Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus; region of forebrain surrounding the 3rd ventricle
reaction time
lipid soluble drugs/medications
diencephalon
monoamines
48. Is increased in its production by training/experience and therefore - associated with memory
sensitivity
projection area
diploid
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
49. Are found in the diencephalon
tectum
biological etiology of schizophrenia
hypothalamus + thalamus
the adrenal medulla
50. The increase in REM sleep seen after a period of REM sleep deprivation
Cranial Nerve X
efferent neurons
non-REM sleep
REM rebound