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Test your basic knowledge |
Gre Psychology: Experimental/natural Science Biology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neurotransmitter in CNS - hormone in peripheral vascular system; deficiencies > depression - ADD; noradrenergic nuclei = locus coeruleus
Vandenbergh effect
monozygotic twins
norepinephrine
extirpation
2. Functions in metabolism (carbohydrate - protein - lipid) and in the endocrine system'S salt/water balance - produces the hormones cortisol and aldosterone
amygdala
adrenal cortex
Cranial Nerve XII
non-competitive binding
3. Is found between the arachnoid mater and Pia mater; this is where CSF cushions (and bathes) the brain - giving it the floating quality (and keeping it moist/circulating)
substantia nigra
subarachnoid space
parietal lobes
non-competitive bonding
4. Maintains balance/posture and coordinates body movements
hypothalamus
cerebellum
GABA
cataplexy
5. Midbrain - medulla and the pons
noncompetitive binding
neostriatum
brainstem
hippocampus
6. Include tolerance (possible withdrawal) and sensitivity
pituitary gland
Cranial Nerve VIII
effects of repeated administration
iris
7. In the CNS - is an amino acid that stabilizes neural activity
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
progesterone
GABA
aqueous humor
8. An area that combines input from diverse brain regions
path of cerebrospinal fluid
corpus callosum
association area
Cranial Nerve III
9. Vagus Nerve - heart rate and digestion
biological etiology of Parkinson'S Disease
noncompetitive binding
Cranial Nerve X
Korsakoff'S amnesia
10. Located underneath the cerebral cortex and includes the bottom portion of the forebrain - cerebellum - basal ganglia - medulla - pons - midbrain - thalamus - hypothalamus - amygdala - hippocampus
subcortical structures
acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
temporal lobes
hypothalamus
11. Having two copies of each chromosomes in most cells (except the gametes) - e.g. most mammals
direct antagonist
emotional disclosure + immune functioning
diploid
mammillary bodies
12. Includes the tectum and tegmentum
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
mammillary bodies
proximate biological considerations
mesencephalon
13. Reduces anxiety - released with NE in amygdala - hippocampus - basal ganglia - periaqueductal gray region - locus coeruleus and PFS; NPY is diminished in persons with PTSD/CPTSD and those exposed to chronic stress
Frontal lobe
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
agonist
parathyroid
14. Symptom of narcolepsy; complete paralysis that occurs while AWAKE/conscious; will suddenly fall to floor paralyzed for a few minutes
cataplexy
lesions in the reticular activating system
projection area
ventricles
15. Motor neurons found in the Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) Nervous Systems
Lee-Boot effect
indirect antagonists
Cranial Nerve XII
efferent neurons
16. Binding of a drug to a receptor site that does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand
ipsilateral
non-competitive binding
myelin sheath
motor cortex
17. Most brain communications are with the opposite side of the body
contralateral
nucleotides
absolute refractory periods
stages of sleep
18. Cells that integrate information across the retina; rather than sending signals toward the brain - amacrine cells link bipolar cells to other bipolar cells and ganglion cells to other ganglion cells
lateral hypothalamus (LH)
anterior hypothalamus
amacrine cells
equipotentiality
19. Consummatory stimuli - sign stimuli - supernormal stimuli - releaser
adrenal cortex
reticular formation
fusiform face area
triggers of behavior
20. Projects to ventral tegmental area
the adrenal medulla
stages of sleep
monoamine neurotransmitters
prefrontal cortex
21. Sits just above the hindbrain - contains cranial nerves - parts of the reticular formation -important relay stations for sensory information and the substantia nigra
extirpation
hypothalamus + thalamus
midbrain
tectum
22. Actually are two kinds: monochorionic and dichorionic (blastocyst splis into two before day 4)
motor cortex
substantia nigra
basal forebrain
monozygotic twins
23. Located in the forebrain - basal ganglia -> movement -speech and other complex behaviors
basal ganglia
Cranial Nerve IV
proximal image
diploid
24. Result in either tolerance (and possible withdrawal symptoms) or sensitization (increase effectiveness of the drug)
stages of sleep
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
neostriatum
effects of repeated administration
25. EEG desynchrony (rapid -irregular waves) - lack of muscle tonus - rapid eye movements - penile erection/vaginal secretion - dreams; EEG synchrony (slow waves) - moderate muscle tonus - slow/absent eye movements - lack of genital activity
behavioral regulation
cerebellum
suspensory ligament
REM sleep; Slow Wave Sleep
26. Junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull; often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
diploid
tegmentum
bregma
brainstem
27. Is a receptor blocker; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - actually prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
hypothalamus + thalamus
direct antagonist
28. These two brain structures contain entry/exits for most of the cranial nerves and control vital functions (heart rate -digestion - respiration)
medulla & pons
neuropeptide Y (NPY)
mesencephalon
dopaminergic systems
29. Occurs when an external stimulation - regardless of intensity - will not trigger a new action potential
K Complexes
monozygotic twins
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
absolute refractory periods
30. Has neurons for reflexes
Vomeronasal Organ
spinal cord
sign stimulus
hypothalamus
31. Olfactory Nerve - smell
path of lightwaves entering eye
sexual dimorphic behavior
Cranial Nerve I
phenotype
32. Can occur after long term antipsychotic tx (opposite of Parkinson'S?); oversensitivity to dopamine
serotonin (5-HT) (neurotransmitter)
fusiform face area
phenotype
tardive dyskinesia
33. A behavior that has different forms or occurs with different probabilities or under different circumstances in males than females
monoamine neurotransmitters
proximal image
red nucleus + substantia nigra
sexual dimorphic behavior
34. Are direct antagonists; binds with a receptor but does not activate it - but prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor
receptor blockers
synthesis-activation hypothesis
reticular formation
umami
35. Is regulated by the hypothalamus
fusiform face area
homeostasis
REM sleep
Cranial Nerve IV
36. Those biological considerations which are IMMEDIATE;Behavioral/Cognitive Neuroscience (i.e. how the nervous and endocrine systems influence behaviors/thoughts)
tectum
estrous cycle
proximate biological considerations
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
37. 'little brain'
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
cerebellum
the 4 effects of pheromones on reproductive cycles
Vandenbergh effect
38. The scientific study of animal behavior; documentation of species-specific instinctual behaviors
ethology
indications of psychological-physiological interaction in pain
Korsakoff'S amnesia
sensitivity
39. Tremors - rigidity of limbs - poor balance and difficulty initiating movements
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40. Smooth electrical activity of 8-12 Hz -medium frequency - awake but in a restful state (^ eyes closed but conscious)
diploid
alpha activity
biological etiology of schizophrenia
direct antagonist
41. Part of limbic system; protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus - contains some hypothalamic nuclei
mammillary bodies
reaction time
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
indirect antagonists
42. Occurs under drug-induced conditions - including excessive use of marijuana; high body temperature - autonomic instability and muscle rigidity
biological foundations
GABA
hair cells
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
43. Cornea - aqueous humor - pupil - lens - vitreous humor - retina
efferent neurons
affinity
pheromone
path of lightwaves entering eye
44. Acetylcholine - glutamate - gamma-aminobutyric acid - dopamine - serotonin - norepinephrine - endorphin
consummatory stimulus
Bruce effect
species- specific reactions
the 7 major neurotransmitters
45. Emotional perception and expression (particularly fearful emotions and detection of threat)
amygdala
amacrine cells
Cranial Nerve I
autonomic nervous system
46. Vision: protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of visual system
thyroid
homeostasis
nystagmus
superior colliculi
47. Is found in PTSD/CPTSD patients and persons exposed to chronic stress
a decrease in neuropeptide Y
zygosity
agonist
monoamines
48. Absolute; relative
Cranial Nerve X
subarachnoid space
the ___ refractory period follows the ____ refractory period
Hobson & McCarley
49. Occur in amacrine - bipolar and horizontal cells; govern/encompass the opponent-process level of color vision
osmoreceptors
trichromatic levels of color vision
receptive field
motor cortex
50. In the tegmentum (ventral part of midbrain); its neurons connect to caudate nucleus + putamen (in basal ganglia)
mesencephalon
substantia nigra
monoamines
superior colliculi