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GRE Psychology: Important Names

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Studied locus of control






2. Performed study on doll preferences in African-American children; the results were used in the 1954 Brown v. the Topeka Board of Education Supreme Court case.






3. Suggested that the brain processes information using parallel distributed processing (PDP)






4. Object-relations theorist






5. Performed experiements which showed that contiguity could not fully explain classical conditioning; proposed contingency theory of classical conditioning






6. Used autokinetic effect to study conformity; also performed Robber'S Cave experiment and found that having superordinate goals increased intergroup cooperation






7. Developed the concept of groupthink to explain how group decision making can sometimes go awry






8. Suggested that gender differences in conformity were not due to gender per se - but to differing social roles.






9. Ethologists who introduced experimental methods into field situations






10. Developed cognitive dissonance theory - also developed social comparison theory






11. Object-relations theorist






12. Object-relations theorist






13. Studied feature detection in visual cortex and discovered simple - complex and hypercomplex cells






14. Proposed the Schachter-Singer two-factory theory of emotions






15. Behaviorist theorist who attempted to study psychoanalytic concepts within a behaviorist framework; also known for their work on approach-avoidance conflicts






16. Devised the semantic feature-comparison model of semantic memory






17. Suggested _______ Principle: that a more-preferred activity could be used to reinforce a less-preferred activity






18. Trait theorist known for concept of functional autonomy; also distinguished between idiographic and nomothetic approaches to personality






19. Studied field-dependence and field-independence using the rod and frame test






20. Suggested that masculinity and femininity were two separate dimensions; concept of androgyny






21. Developed the visual cliff apparatus - which is used to study the development of depth perception






22. Object-relations theorist






23. Investigated the use of heuristics in decision making ; studied the availability heuristic and the representativeness heuristic






24. Used factor analysis to study primary mental abilities - factors more specific than g but more general than s






25. Studied political norms






26. Developed balance theory to explain why attitudes change; also developed attribution theory and divided attributions into two categories: dispositional and situational






27. Studied taste aversion learning and proposed that some species are biologically prepared to learn connections between certain stimuli






28. Studied relationship between anxiety and the need for affiliation






29. Demonstrated existence of pleasure center in the brain using 'Self-stimulation' studies in rats






30. Devised the spreading activation model of semantic memory






31. Studied depth cues (esp. texture gradients) that help us to perceive depths






32. Developed ________ Law - which expresses the relationship between the intensity of the stimulus and the intensity of the sensation






33. Studied the norms for interpersonal distance in interpersonal interactions






34. Studied severe anterograde amnesia in H.M. - a patient whose hippocampus and temporal lobes were removed surgically to control epilepsy






35. Developed opponent process theory of color vision






36. Trait theorist who proposed two main dimensions on which human personalities differ: introversion-extroversion and emotional stability-neuroticism






37. Investigated the role of schemata in memory; concluded that memory is largely a reconstructive process.






38. Studied insights in problem solving






39. Psychodynamic theorist who broke with Freud over the concept of libido; suggested that the unconscious should be divided into the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious - with archetypes being in the collective unconscious.






40. Phenomenological theorist who found empathy - congruence - and unconditional positive regards to be important aspects; person-centered






41. Psychodynamic theorist best known for concept of inferiority complex






42. Phenomenological personality theorist known for developing a hierarchy of needs and for the concept of self-actualization






43. Proposed theory of evolution and natural selection as its centerpiece






44. Proposed a theory of multiple intelligences that divides intelligence into seven different types - all of which are equally important; traditional IQ tests measure only two of the seven types






45. Studied the mere exposure effect; also resolved problems with the social facilitation effect by suggesting that the presence of others enhances the emission of dominant responses and impairs the emission of nondominant responses






46. Proposed that there were two factors that could lead to non-helping: social influence and diffusion of responsibility






47. Based personality theory on the notion of 'individual as scientist'






48. Russian neurologist who studied how brain damage leads to impairment in sensory - motor - and language functions






49. Suggested that individual differences in intelligence were largely due to differences in amount of a general factor called g






50. Propsed gain-loss principle (an evaluation that changes will have more effect thatn an evaluation that remains constant)