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GRE Psychology: Important Names

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Studied observational learning
Luria - A.
Bandura - A.
McClelland - J. and Rumelhart - D.
Kelly - G.

2. Distinguished between the surface structure and deep structure of a sentence; studied transformational rules that could be used to transform one sentence into another
Sternberg - R.
Miller - G.
Bandura - A.
Chomsky - N.

3. Behaviorist theorist who attempted to study psychoanalytic concepts within a behaviorist framework; also known for their work on approach-avoidance conflicts
Freud - S.
Dollard - J. and Miller - N.
Darley - J. - Latane - B.
Bekesy -G.

4. Performed study on doll preferences in African-American children; the results were used in the 1954 Brown v. the Topeka Board of Education Supreme Court case.
Swets - John A.
Bartlett - F.
Clark - K. - Clark - M.
Gardner - H.

5. Investigated the use of heuristics in decision making ; studied the availability heuristic and the representativeness heuristic
Kahneman - D. and Tversky - A.
Witkin - H.
Kelly - G.
Thurstone - L.

6. Performed experiment on Little Albert that suggested that the acquisition of phobias was due to classical conditioning; school of Bxiorism founder; stimulus-response chains
Bem - D.
Watson - J.
Penfield - W.
Chomsky - N.

7. Discovered and studied instinctual drift
McClelland - D.
Breland - K. and Breland - M.
Skinner - B.F.
Collins - A. and Loftus - E.

8. Proposed concept of belief in a just world
Bandura - A.
Skinner - B.F.
Lerner - M.
Asch - S.

9. Developed sociobiology
Wilson - E. O.
Janis - I.
Skinner - B.F.
Gibson - J.

10. Developed a list of depth cues that help us to perceive depth
McClelland - J. and Rumelhart - D.
Berkeley - G.
Penfield - W.
Helmholtz - H.

11. German neurologist who identified the part of the brain primarily associated with understanding spoken language (_______'S Area)
Breland - K. and Breland - M.
Schachter - S.
Yerkes - R. and Dodson - J.
Wernicke - C.

12. Object-relations theorist
Sternberg - R.
Melzack - R. and Wall - P.
Kernberg - O.
Dollard - J. and Miller - N.

13. Outlined eight stages of psychosocial development overing the lifespan
Erikson - E.
Rotter - J.
Miller - G.
Luchins - A.

14. Psychodynamic theorist best known for concept of inferiority complex
Luchins - A.
Cannon - W.
Adler - A.
Berkeley - G.

15. Studied the capacity of sensory memory using the partial-report method
Sperling - G.
Darwin - C.
Hubel - D. and Wiesel - T.
Petty - R. - Cacioppo - J.

16. Studied locus of control
Stevens - S. S.
Cattell - R.
McClelland - D.
Rotter - J.

17. Studied insights in problem solving
Kohler - W.
Newcomb - T.
Kahneman - D. and Tversky - A.
Berkeley - G.

18. Ethologists who introduced experimental methods into field situations
Sternberg - R.
Tinbergen - N.
Thurstone - L.
Cattell - R.

19. Object-relations theorist
Loftus - E.
Hubel - D. and Wiesel - T.
Kohler - W.
Mahler - M.

20. Proposed volley theory of pitch perception in response to a criticism of the freqency theory of pitch perception
Wever - E. and Bray - C.
Jung - C.
Premack - D.
Erikson - E.

21. Studied memory using nonsense syllables and the method of savings
Spearman - C.
Stevens - S. S.
Ebbinghaus - H.
Lewin - K.

22. Russian neurologist who studied how brain damage leads to impairment in sensory - motor - and language functions
Spearman - C.
Hering - E.
Berkeley - G.
Luria - A.

23. Developed method of systematic desensitization to eliminate problems
Wolpe - J.
Heider - F.
Sternberg - R.
Mahler - M.

24. Proposed theory of evolution and natural selection as its centerpiece
Lerner - M.
Darwin - C.
Asch - S.
Kluver - H. and Bucy - P.

25. Demonstrated existence of pleasure center in the brain using 'Self-stimulation' studies in rats
Witkin - H.
Broadbent - D.
Newcomb - T.
Olds - J. - and Milner - P.

26. Object-relations theorist
Hubel - D. and Wiesel - T.
Mischel - W.
Winnicott - D.W.
Kohler - W.

27. Developed principles of operant conditioning; _______ Box (rats)
Guilford - J.
Wolpe - J.
Schachter - S.
Skinner - B.F.

28. Hypothesized that language determines how reality is perceived
Winnicott - D.W.
Penfield - W.
Whorf - B.
Loftus - E.

29. Empirical studies led to traveling wave theory of pitch perception which - at least partially - supported by Helmholtz'S place-resonance theory
Breland - K. and Breland - M.
Kohler - W.
Lerner - M.
Bekesy -G.

30. Studied eyewitness memory and concluded that our memories can be altered by presenting new information or by asking misleading questions
Kluver - H. and Bucy - P.
Bandura - A.
Loftus - E.
Freud - S.

31. Founder of ego psychology
Cannon - W.
Darley - J. - Latane - B.
Freud - A.
Loftus - E.

32. Suggested that masculinity and femininity were two separate dimensions; concept of androgyny
Kernberg - O.
Bem - S.
Gibson - J.
Witkin - H.

33. Used the water-jar problem to study the effect of mental sets on problem solving
Luchins - A.
Witkin - H.
Hall - E.
Freud - A.

34. Studied need for achievement (nAch)
McClelland - D.
Winnicott - D.W.
Bem - S.
Breland - K. and Breland - M.

35. Developed ______-______ Law which states that performance is best at intermediate levels of arounsal
von Frisch - K.
Rescorla - R.
Newcomb - T.
Yerkes - R. and Dodson - J.

36. Studied field-dependence and field-independence using the rod and frame test
Fechner - G.
Skinner - B.F.
Witkin - H.
Eagly - A.

37. Phenomenological theorist who found empathy - congruence - and unconditional positive regards to be important aspects; person-centered
Freud - S.
Craik - F. and Lockhart - R.
Rogers - C.
Clark - K. - Clark - M.

38. Object-relations theorist
Klein - M.
Luria - A.
Loftus - E.
Milgram - S.

39. Developed the levels-of-processing theory of memory as an alternative to the stage theory of memory
Stevens - S. S.
Breland - K. and Breland - M.
Craik - F. and Lockhart - R.
Cattell - R.

40. Proposed the law of effect; used puzzle boxes to study problem solving in cats
Premack - D.
Luria - A.
Thorndike - E.
Luchins - A.

41. Developed cognitive dissonance theory - also developed social comparison theory
Sherif - M.
Festinger - L.
Asch - S.
Zimbardo - P.

42. Developed self-perception theory as an alternative to cognitive dissonance theory.
Klein - M.
Bem - D.
Sternberg - R.
Sherif - M.

43. Proposed triarchic theory that divides intelligence into three types: componential - experiential - and contextual
Sternberg - R.
Kohler - W.
Macoby - E. and Jacklin - C.
Craik - F. and Lockhart - R.

44. Proposed gate theory of pain
Jung - C.
Wernicke - C.
Melzack - R. and Wall - P.
Bem - S.

45. Developed ______ law as an alternative to Fechner'S Law
Stevens - S. S.
von Frisch - K.
Festinger - L.
Berkeley - G.

46. Phenomenological personality theorist who developed field theory
Lerner - M.
Rotter - J.
Lewin - K.
Stevens - S. S.

47. Developed Young-_______ trichromatic theory of color vision; developed place-resonance theory of pitch perception
Helmholtz - H.
Milgram - S.
Skinner - B.F.
Kohler - W.

48. Proposed the Schachter-Singer two-factory theory of emotions
Schachter - S. and Singer - J.
Craik - F. and Lockhart - R.
Rogers - C.
Chomsky - N.

49. Suggested _______ Principle: that a more-preferred activity could be used to reinforce a less-preferred activity
Premack - D.
Sperry - R. and Gazzaniga - M.
Kandel - E.
Lerner - M.

50. Studied relationship between anxiety and the need for affiliation
McClelland - D.
Bartlett - F.
Garcia - J.
Schachter - S.