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GRE Psychology: Important Names

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Ethologists who studied unlearned - instinctual bxs in the natural environment
Lorenz - K.
Luria - A.
Adler - A.
Bekesy -G.

2. Studied need for achievement (nAch)
McClelland - D.
Berkeley - G.
Kluver - H. and Bucy - P.
Mahler - M.

3. Proposed dual-code hypothesis
Luria - A.
Bandura - A.
Paivio - A.
Kohler - W.

4. Studied field-dependence and field-independence using the rod and frame test
Witkin - H.
Rotter - J.
Kandel - E.
Festinger - L.

5. Studied loss of normal fear and rage reactions in monkeys resulting from damage to temporal lobes; also studied in amygdala'S role in emotions
Kluver - H. and Bucy - P.
Sperry - R. and Gazzaniga - M.
Whorf - B.
Garcia - J.

6. Hypothesized that language determines how reality is perceived
Wolpe - J.
Whorf - B.
Witkin - H.
Rogers - C.

7. Suggested that gender differences in conformity were not due to gender per se - but to differing social roles.
Eagly - A.
Horney - K.
von Frisch - K.
Paivio - A.

8. Proposed concept of belief in a just world
Lorenz - K.
Sternberg - R.
Eagly - A.
Lerner - M.

9. Based personality theory on the notion of 'individual as scientist'
Kelly - G.
Watson - J.
Aronson - E. - Linder - D.
Whorf - B.

10. Investigated the role of schemata in memory; concluded that memory is largely a reconstructive process.
Collins - A. and Loftus - E.
Bartlett - F.
Kelly - G.
McClelland - J. and Rumelhart - D.

11. Propsed gain-loss principle (an evaluation that changes will have more effect thatn an evaluation that remains constant)
Aronson - E. - Linder - D.
Kernberg - O.
Chomsky - N.
Yerkes - R. and Dodson - J.

12. Object-relations theorist
Lorenz - K.
Petty - R. - Cacioppo - J.
Klein - M.
Skinner - B.F.

13. Critic of trait theories of personality
Festinger - L.
Mischel - W.
Cattell - R.
Broadbent - D.

14. Discovered and studied instinctual drift
Breland - K. and Breland - M.
McClelland - D.
Whorf - B.
Swets - John A.

15. Suggested that masculinity and femininity were two separate dimensions; concept of androgyny
Smith - E. -Shoben - E. - and Rips - L.
Bem - S.
Sherif - M.
Craik - F. and Lockhart - R.

16. Psychodynamic theorist who suggested that there were three ways to relate to others: moving toward - moving against - moving away from
Cattell - R.
Kluver - H. and Bucy - P.
Horney - K.
Craik - F. and Lockhart - R.

17. Used factor analysis to study primary mental abilities - factors more specific than g but more general than s
Thurstone - L.
Horney - K.
Janis - I.
Milner - B.

18. Refined ROC curves in signal detection theory
Sperling - G.
Freud - A.
Premack - D.
Swets - John A.

19. Trait theorist known for concept of functional autonomy; also distinguished between idiographic and nomothetic approaches to personality
Milgram - S.
Allport - G.
Gibson - J.
Paivio - A.

20. Proposed gate theory of pain
Bartlett - F.
Melzack - R. and Wall - P.
Freud - A.
Collins - A. and Loftus - E.

21. Found that the capacity of short-term memory is seven (plus or minus two) items
Miller - G.
Rotter - J.
Gardner - H.
Penfield - W.

22. Found support for gender differences in verbal ability
Garcia - J.
Macoby - E. and Jacklin - C.
Bekesy -G.
James - W. and Lange - C.

23. Ethologists who introduced experimental methods into field situations
Lorenz - K.
Tinbergen - N.
Wever - E. and Bray - C.
Mahler - M.

24. Demonstrated that simple learning bx in sea snails (Aplysia) is associated with changes in neurotransmission
Mischel - W.
Kandel - E.
Wolpe - J.
Adler - A.

25. Used the water-jar problem to study the effect of mental sets on problem solving
Luchins - A.
Olds - J. - and Milner - P.
Witkin - H.
Mischel - W.

26. Devised the spreading activation model of semantic memory
Collins - A. and Loftus - E.
Eysenck - H.
Kernberg - O.
Allport - G.

27. Studied conformity by asking subjects to compare the lengths of lines.
Maslow - A.
Gibson - E. and Walk - R.
Asch - S.
Dollard - J. and Miller - N.

28. Developed a list of depth cues that help us to perceive depth
Horney - K.
Cattell - R.
Berkeley - G.
Cannon - W.

29. Object-relations theorist
Kernberg - O.
Schachter - S.
Mahler - M.
Winnicott - D.W.

30. Studied obedience by asking subjects to administer electroshock; proposed stimulus-overload theory to explain differences between city and country dwellers
Skinner - B.F.
Milgram - S.
Erikson - E.
Sternberg - R.

31. Studied taste aversion learning and proposed that some species are biologically prepared to learn connections between certain stimuli
Garcia - J.
Swets - John A.
Kluver - H. and Bucy - P.
Cannon - W.

32. Developed opponent process theory of color vision
Hering - E.
Pavlov - I.
Cattell - R.
Penfield - W.

33. Studied how psychological inoculation could help people resist persuasion
Gibson - E. and Walk - R.
McGuire - W.
McClelland - J. and Rumelhart - D.
Premack - D.

34. Studied the capacity of sensory memory using the partial-report method
Sherif - M.
Guilford - J.
Sperling - G.
Hovland - C.

35. Ethologist who studied communication in honey bees
Eysenck - H.
Loftus - E.
Olds - J. - and Milner - P.
von Frisch - K.

36. Devised the semantic feature-comparison model of semantic memory
Kohler - W.
Olds - J. - and Milner - P.
Smith - E. -Shoben - E. - and Rips - L.
Bartlett - F.

37. Suggested _______ Principle: that a more-preferred activity could be used to reinforce a less-preferred activity
Mahler - M.
Premack - D.
Broca - P.
Luchins - A.

38. Behaviorist theorist known for his social learning theory; did modeling experiment using punching bag ('Bobo' doll)
Festinger - L.
Schachter - S.
Bandura - A.
Aronson - E. - Linder - D.

39. Trait theorist who used factor analysis to study personality
Cattell - R.
Loftus - E.
Zajonc. R.
Heider - F.

40. Developed ______ law as an alternative to Fechner'S Law
Freud - S.
Lerner - M.
Stevens - S. S.
Chomsky - N.

41. Suggested that the brain processes information using parallel distributed processing (PDP)
Hubel - D. and Wiesel - T.
Petty - R. - Cacioppo - J.
Witkin - H.
McClelland - J. and Rumelhart - D.

42. Developed the concept of groupthink to explain how group decision making can sometimes go awry
Janis - I.
Berkeley - G.
Schachter - S.
Wever - E. and Bray - C.

43. Canadian neurosurgeon who used electrodes and electrical stimulation techniques to 'map' out different parts of the brain during surgery
Wever - E. and Bray - C.
Macoby - E. and Jacklin - C.
Penfield - W.
Gardner - H.

44. Investigated the use of heuristics in decision making ; studied the availability heuristic and the representativeness heuristic
Kahneman - D. and Tversky - A.
Gibson - E. and Walk - R.
McClelland - J. and Rumelhart - D.
Dollard - J. and Miller - N.

45. Developed method of systematic desensitization to eliminate problems
Wolpe - J.
Guilford - J.
Penfield - W.
Skinner - B.F.

46. Devised divergent thinking test to measure creativity
Guilford - J.
Bekesy -G.
Witkin - H.
Kernberg - O.

47. Developed the visual cliff apparatus - which is used to study the development of depth perception
Eysenck - H.
Sternberg - R.
Gibson - E. and Walk - R.
Klein - M.

48. Studied depth cues (esp. texture gradients) that help us to perceive depths
Lewin - K.
Gibson - J.
McClelland - J. and Rumelhart - D.
von Frisch - K.

49. Demonstrated existence of pleasure center in the brain using 'Self-stimulation' studies in rats
Tinbergen - N.
Broadbent - D.
Rotter - J.
Olds - J. - and Milner - P.

50. Developed balance theory to explain why attitudes change; also developed attribution theory and divided attributions into two categories: dispositional and situational
Rescorla - R.
Heider - F.
Hall - E.
Schachter - S.