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GRE Psychology: Important Names

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Developed balance theory to explain why attitudes change; also developed attribution theory and divided attributions into two categories: dispositional and situational






2. Propsed gain-loss principle (an evaluation that changes will have more effect thatn an evaluation that remains constant)






3. Devised the semantic feature-comparison model of semantic memory






4. Distinguished between the surface structure and deep structure of a sentence; studied transformational rules that could be used to transform one sentence into another






5. Empirical studies led to traveling wave theory of pitch perception which - at least partially - supported by Helmholtz'S place-resonance theory






6. Developed a list of depth cues that help us to perceive depth






7. Suggested that gender differences in conformity were not due to gender per se - but to differing social roles.






8. Physiologist who studied the autonomic nervous system - including 'fight or flight' reactions; investigated homeostasis; and with Bard - proposed _______-Bard theory of emotions






9. Founder of ego psychology






10. Demonstrated that simple learning bx in sea snails (Aplysia) is associated with changes in neurotransmission






11. Proposed volley theory of pitch perception in response to a criticism of the freqency theory of pitch perception






12. Proposed theory of evolution and natural selection as its centerpiece






13. Developed the visual cliff apparatus - which is used to study the development of depth perception






14. Proposed concept of belief in a just world






15. Studied taste aversion learning and proposed that some species are biologically prepared to learn connections between certain stimuli






16. Proposed filter theory of attention






17. Object-relations theorist






18. Proposed dual-code hypothesis






19. Performed experiements which showed that contiguity could not fully explain classical conditioning; proposed contingency theory of classical conditioning






20. Developed the levels-of-processing theory of memory as an alternative to the stage theory of memory






21. Developed ______-______ Law which states that performance is best at intermediate levels of arounsal






22. Proposed triarchic theory that divides intelligence into three types: componential - experiential - and contextual






23. Devised the spreading activation model of semantic memory






24. Psychodynamic theorist who suggested that there were three ways to relate to others: moving toward - moving against - moving away from






25. Developed method of systematic desensitization to eliminate problems






26. Studied need for achievement (nAch)






27. Trait theorist who used factor analysis to study personality. Divided intelligence into fluid and crystallized and looked at how they change throughout the lifespan






28. Performed study on doll preferences in African-American children; the results were used in the 1954 Brown v. the Topeka Board of Education Supreme Court case.






29. Ethologist who studied communication in honey bees






30. Hypothesized that language determines how reality is perceived






31. Originator of psychodynamic approach to personality






32. Developed ______ law as an alternative to Fechner'S Law






33. Developed cognitive dissonance theory - also developed social comparison theory






34. Outlined eight stages of psychosocial development overing the lifespan






35. Suggested that masculinity and femininity were two separate dimensions; concept of androgyny






36. Developed the concept of groupthink to explain how group decision making can sometimes go awry






37. Based personality theory on the notion of 'individual as scientist'






38. Studied locus of control






39. Attempted to relate somatotype (body type) to personality type






40. Proposed that there were two factors that could lead to non-helping: social influence and diffusion of responsibility






41. Proposed the James-Lange two-factor theory of emotions






42. Investigated functional differences between left and right cerebral hemispheres using 'Split-brain' studies






43. Studied the norms for interpersonal distance in interpersonal interactions






44. Studied severe anterograde amnesia in H.M. - a patient whose hippocampus and temporal lobes were removed surgically to control epilepsy






45. Studied field-dependence and field-independence using the rod and frame test






46. Studied obedience by asking subjects to administer electroshock; proposed stimulus-overload theory to explain differences between city and country dwellers






47. Studied insights in problem solving






48. Studied relationship between anxiety and the need for affiliation






49. Trait theorist who proposed two main dimensions on which human personalities differ: introversion-extroversion and emotional stability-neuroticism






50. Psychodynamic theorist who broke with Freud over the concept of libido; suggested that the unconscious should be divided into the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious - with archetypes being in the collective unconscious.