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GRE Psychology: Important Names

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Suggested that individual differences in intelligence were largely due to differences in amount of a general factor called g






2. Trait theorist known for concept of functional autonomy; also distinguished between idiographic and nomothetic approaches to personality






3. Used autokinetic effect to study conformity; also performed Robber'S Cave experiment and found that having superordinate goals increased intergroup cooperation






4. Studied obedience by asking subjects to administer electroshock; proposed stimulus-overload theory to explain differences between city and country dwellers






5. Developed the visual cliff apparatus - which is used to study the development of depth perception






6. Demonstrated existence of pleasure center in the brain using 'Self-stimulation' studies in rats






7. Investigated the role of schemata in memory; concluded that memory is largely a reconstructive process.






8. Devised the spreading activation model of semantic memory






9. Ethologists who introduced experimental methods into field situations






10. Developed cognitive dissonance theory - also developed social comparison theory






11. Developed opponent process theory of color vision






12. Phenomenological theorist who found empathy - congruence - and unconditional positive regards to be important aspects; person-centered






13. Studied the mere exposure effect; also resolved problems with the social facilitation effect by suggesting that the presence of others enhances the emission of dominant responses and impairs the emission of nondominant responses






14. Operant conditioning pioneers worked with pigeons and mice in operant chambers






15. Developed method of systematic desensitization to eliminate problems






16. Refined ROC curves in signal detection theory






17. Psychodynamic theorist who suggested that there were three ways to relate to others: moving toward - moving against - moving away from






18. Studied conformity by asking subjects to compare the lengths of lines.






19. Psychodynamic theorist who broke with Freud over the concept of libido; suggested that the unconscious should be divided into the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious - with archetypes being in the collective unconscious.






20. Performed study on doll preferences in African-American children; the results were used in the 1954 Brown v. the Topeka Board of Education Supreme Court case.






21. Developed ______-______ Law which states that performance is best at intermediate levels of arounsal






22. Suggested _______ Principle: that a more-preferred activity could be used to reinforce a less-preferred activity






23. Ethologists who studied unlearned - instinctual bxs in the natural environment






24. Used the water-jar problem to study the effect of mental sets on problem solving






25. Found support for gender differences in verbal ability






26. Developed sociobiology






27. Originator of psychodynamic approach to personality






28. Found that the capacity of short-term memory is seven (plus or minus two) items






29. Studied eyewitness memory and concluded that our memories can be altered by presenting new information or by asking misleading questions






30. Studied how psychological inoculation could help people resist persuasion






31. Founder of ego psychology






32. Behaviorist theorist who attempted to study psychoanalytic concepts within a behaviorist framework; also known for their work on approach-avoidance conflicts






33. Developed Young-_______ trichromatic theory of color vision; developed place-resonance theory of pitch perception






34. Studied severe anterograde amnesia in H.M. - a patient whose hippocampus and temporal lobes were removed surgically to control epilepsy






35. Based personality theory on the notion of 'individual as scientist'






36. Investigated the use of heuristics in decision making ; studied the availability heuristic and the representativeness heuristic






37. Hypothesized that language determines how reality is perceived






38. Investigated functional differences between left and right cerebral hemispheres using 'Split-brain' studies






39. Proposed volley theory of pitch perception in response to a criticism of the freqency theory of pitch perception






40. Propsed gain-loss principle (an evaluation that changes will have more effect thatn an evaluation that remains constant)






41. Proposed theory of evolution and natural selection as its centerpiece






42. Discovered the basic principles of classical conditioning






43. Studied memory using nonsense syllables and the method of savings






44. Suggested that the brain processes information using parallel distributed processing (PDP)






45. Proposed gate theory of pain






46. Studied the norms for interpersonal distance in interpersonal interactions






47. Suggested that gender differences in conformity were not due to gender per se - but to differing social roles.






48. Proposed concept of belief in a just world






49. Object-relations theorist






50. Devised divergent thinking test to measure creativity