Test your basic knowledge |

GRE Psychology: Learning

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Learning curve






2. Type of forward conditioning; CS begins before UCS - lasts until the UCS is presented






3. Learning by watching






4. Drive to reduce cognitive dissonance - holding conflicting ideas simultaneously whether beliefs - attitudes - or actions

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


5. How to avoid something undesirable






6. Preparedness - that certain associations are learned more easily than others; animals programmed to make certain connections; Garcia effect - nausea associated with food






7. UCS and CS presented at the same time






8. Thorndike - precursor of operant conditioning - Cause-and-effect chain of behaviour; continue what rewards - stop what doesn'T






9. Watson - everything can be explained by stimulus-response chains - chains are developed by conditioning; only objective and observable elements important






10. Primary/instinctual (hunger or thirst) - secondary/ acquired (money or other learned reinforcers) - exploratory (seek novelty or explore) - We are primarily motivated to maintain physiological or psychological homeostasis.






11. Promotes extinction of undesirable behaviour - negative stimulus presented after behaviour to decrease likelihood of reoccurrence - Skinner thinks it is not effective in long run






12. Pairing of the CS and the UCS in which the CS is presented before the UCS - delayed conditioning and trace conditioning






13. Takes place without reinforcement - knowledge not immediately expressed - e.g. learning while watching chess






14. In classical conditioning - the inability to infer a relationship between a stimulus and response due to the presence of a more prominent stimulus






15. Previous CS now a UCS (e.g.*bell > [ light > food > ] salivation)






16. Fritz Heider'S balance theory - Charles Osgood and Percy Tannenbaum'S congruity theory - Leon Festinger'S cognitive dissonance theory; what about individuals who often seek stimulation - novel experience - or self-destruction?






17. Need for achievement (nAch); need to pursue success or to avoid failure - goal is to feel successful






18. By having an apparatus (e.g. lever) - an animal controls its reinforcements (e.g. food) through behaviours (e.g. pressing) - shaping its own behaviour






19. Opposite of stimulus discrimination; make same response to a group of similar stimuli (e.g. fire alarms may sound different but same response)






20. Motivated to do what they do not want to do by rewarding themselves afterwards with something they like to do - Eat dessert after eating unwanted vegetable






21. Shaping; Skinner rewarded rats first for being near lever then for touching it - reward for behaviours that brought them closer to the desired one (e.g. pressing lever)






22. Every correct response is met with reinforcement; quickest but most fragile learning - as soon as rewards stop coming - the animal stops performing






23. Ebbinghaus - when learning something new - rate of learning usually changes over time; can be positively or negatively accelerated






24. Does not produce a specific response on its own (e.g. light or bell)






25. Natural reinforcement - without requirement of learning; food and water






26. Approach-avoidance conflict; state felt when a goal has both pros and cons - typically focus on pros when far from goal - cons when close to goal






27. Reappearance of an extinguished response - even without further conditioning - after the child'S tantrum behaviour has been extinguished - the child may suddenly throw a tantrum again






28. Rewards delivered after differing time periods; second most effective strategy in maintaining behaviour






29. John Garcia - Certain associations are learned more easily than others - Nausea & food can be paired easily - but light and nausea cannot be paired






30. Experiment shows that there is electrical stimulation of pleasure centers in the brain used as positive reinforcement - this is evidence against drive-reduction theory






31. Ability to discriminate between different but similar stimuli (door bell is different from phone ringing)






32. Lewin - grouping based on co-occurence in time and space; associate certain behaviours with certain rewards and cues






33. Learning about something in general (history) for knowledge rather than learning-specific stimulus-response chains (e.g. Tolman'S experiments with animals forming cognitive maps of mazes rather than simple escape routes)






34. Skinner - instrumental conditioning; behaviour primarily influenced by reinforcement strategies - do what rewards - not what doesn'T






35. Previous learning helps learning of another task later






36. Individuals in the environment are motivated by secondary reinforcers; e.g. tokens in prisons - rehab - etc. - cashed in for more primary reinforcers (e.g. candy - books - privileges)






37. Continuous motions easier to learn - once started continues naturally - bike; discrete divided into parts and do not facilitate recall of each other - setting up chessboard






38. Individuals are motivated by what brings most pleasure and least pain






39. Parents reduce temper in child by not giving into - reinforcing behavior






40. Attitude change - based on balance of 'Sentiment' or liking relationships - if the net affect valence multiplies out to a positive result

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


41. Punishment to decrease likelihood of a behaviour - ex: drug Antabuse to treat alcoholism






42. Students working on a project in small groups






43. What a person learns in one state is best recalled in that state






44. Previous CS now a UCS (e.g.*bell > [ light > food > ] salivation)






45. 'learning' that a specific action causes an event - when in reality the two are unrelated






46. People learn through their culture. They learn acceptable and unacceptable behaviours through culture






47. How people learn in educational settings such as student and teacher attributes






48. Theory of association






49. Operant conditioning






50. Naturally occurring response (e.g. salivation to food)







Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?


Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests



Major Subjects

Tests & Exams


AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests