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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
Julian Rotter
Scientific approach
T-score
dependent variable
2. How the score are spread out overall
variance (calculation)
Variability
Robert Zajonc
interval variables
3. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
range
Reactance
Walter Mischel
4. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Criterion-referenced tests
Inferential statistics
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
5. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Spearman r correlation coefficient
stratified sampling
range
interval variables
6. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
standard deviation (calculation)
range
Robert Zajonc
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
7. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Criterion-referenced tests
IQ Binet'S equation
Correlational relationships
double-blind experiment
8. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Rosenthal effect
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Internal validity
Longitudinal design
9. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Population & related
Rosenthal effect
random sampling
Lie detector tests
10. Knowing a fact
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Statistical regression
Crystallized intelligence
placebo effect
11. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Demand characteristic
social desirability
Selective attrition
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
12. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
within subject
Q-sort/measure
Demand characteristic
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
13. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
variance (calculation)
cohort effect
Face validity
Anne Anastasi
14. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
within subject
variance (calculation)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
15. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Two-way ANOVA
research design
Chi-square test
Scientific approach
16. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
bar graph
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Lie detector tests
double-blind experiment
17. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
between subject
standard error of mean
Charles Spearmen
ordinal variables
18. The most frequently occurring value
median
Charles Spearmen
Scientific approach
mode
19. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
ratio variables
bar graph
Two-way ANOVA
T-score
20. For children 6-16
Domain-referenced tests
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Split-half reliability
21. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
One-way ANOVA
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Anne Anastasi
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
22. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
placebo effect
Population & related
Experimenter bias
23. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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24. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Inferential statistics
Null hypothesis
Discrete data
Construct validity
25. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
mode
External validity (+types)
research design
Frequency distributions (+variables)
26. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
histogram
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
nominal variables
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
27. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
bar graph
predictive value
Alpha levels
Item analysis (reliability)
28. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Charles Spearmen
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
percentiles
Reliability (+types)
29. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Fluid intelligence
Content validity
F-scale or F-ratio
standard deviation (calculation)
30. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Q-sort/measure
Construct validity
Hawthorne effect
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
31. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Robert Zajonc
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Continuous data
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
32. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Two-way ANOVA
Rosenthal effect
Anne Anastasi
Continuous data
33. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
statistics
placebo
Null hypothesis
Crystallized intelligence
34. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Standard normal distributions
generalizability
35. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Anne Anastasi
One-way ANOVA
F-scale or F-ratio
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
36. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Spearman r correlation coefficient
cohort-sequential design
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Validity (+types)
37. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Word Association Test
Robert Zajonc
generalizability
dependent variable
38. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Draw-A-Person Test
Continuous data
Reliability (+types)
39. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
Frequency distributions (+variables)
ordinal variables
within subject
Statistical regression
40. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
frequency polygon
F-scale or F-ratio
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
dependent variable
41. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Split-half reliability
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Test-retest reliability
Chi-square test
42. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Illusory correlation
Factorial analysis of variance
nominal variables
Aptitude tests
43. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
between subject
Null hypothesis
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Lie detector tests
44. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Anne Anastasi
Chi-square test
Statistical regression
45. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Experimenter bias
cohort effect
Statistical regression
Criterion-referenced tests
46. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Internal validity
Achievement tests
Linear regression
statistically significant
47. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Selective attrition
median
Concurrent validity
Split-half reliability
48. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Projective tests (+types)
Curvilinear relationship
nominal variables
Aptitude tests
49. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Q-sort/measure
Lewis Terman
T-test
standard error of mean
50. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
range
Criterion-referenced tests
Demand characteristic
Vocational tests