SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
Experimenter bias
ordinal variables
Graphs (types)
within subject
2. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
Crystallized intelligence
Split-half reliability
Chi-square test
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
3. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Alfred Binet
standard deviation (calculation)
Illusory correlation
Content validity
4. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Construct validity
random sampling
Demand characteristic
5. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Field study
variance (calculation)
Internal validity
Hawthorne effect
6. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation
Continuous data
Correlational relationships
generalizability
random sampling
7. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Vocational tests
cohort-sequential design
External validity (+types)
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
8. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Reactance
Projective tests (+types)
Rosenthal effect
Alpha levels
9. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
cohort-sequential design
Draw-A-Person Test
random sampling
Frequency distributions (+variables)
10. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Illusory correlation
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Scientific approach
Crystallized intelligence
11. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
Two-way ANOVA
frequency polygon
nominal variables
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
12. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Reactance
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Discrete data
Vocational tests
13. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
standard deviation (calculation)
Demand characteristic
Spearman r correlation coefficient
statistics
14. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Face validity
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Alpha levels
Reactance
15. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
External validity (+types)
cross-sectional design
16. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
ratio variables
Split-half reliability
Scientific approach
Experimenter bias
17. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Acquiescence
percentiles
Type I and II errors
Walter Mischel
18. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Item analysis (reliability)
Lewis Terman
Two-way ANOVA
Reliability (+types)
19. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Hawthorne effect
median
Lewis Terman
20. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
confounding variable
standard error of mean
Alpha levels
21. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
nominal variables
between subject
histogram
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
22. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
statistically significant
Projective tests (+types)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
bar graph
23. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
range
Reliability (+types)
T-test
Type I and II errors
24. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
IQ Binet'S equation
standard error of mean
Meta-analysis
research design
25. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Cross validation
Curvilinear relationship
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Domain-referenced tests
26. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
Linear regression
F-scale or F-ratio
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Selective attrition
27. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Draw-A-Person Test
Field study
Criterion-referenced tests
ANOVA/analysis of variance
28. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Demand characteristic
Charles Spearmen
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
ratio variables
29. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
cohort-sequential design
Illusory correlation
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
30. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
Content validity
placebo effect
One-way ANOVA
cross-sectional design
31. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Variability
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Vocational tests
Content validity
32. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
ordinal variables
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Null hypothesis
Reliability (+types)
33. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
Projective tests (+types)
Population & related
Linear regression
placebo effect
34. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Alpha levels
IQ Binet'S equation
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
35. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
Lie detector tests
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
cohort-sequential design
placebo
36. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
Learn the shape of different distributions
dependent variable
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
normal distribution(+characteristic)
37. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Type I and II errors
One-way ANOVA
38. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Projective tests (+types)
Criterion-referenced tests
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Reactance
39. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Construct validity
Content validity
Standard normal distributions
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
40. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Meta-analysis
Null hypothesis
Word Association Test
Nonequivalent control group
41. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
double-blind experiment
Inferential statistics
Intelligence
Domain-referenced tests
42. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Demand characteristic
Graphs (types)
confounding variable
Spearman r correlation coefficient
43. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
generalizability
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
cohort-sequential design
ANOVA/analysis of variance
44. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Type I and II errors
Selective attrition
Internal validity
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
45. Process in testing concurrent validity
Cross validation
statistics
Experimental design
Lie detector tests
46. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Hawthorne effect
placebo effect
Cross validation
Graphs (types)
47. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
Lewis Terman
Domain-referenced tests
normal distribution(+characteristic)
confounding variable
48. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Hawthorne effect
frequency polygon
Item analysis (reliability)
Aptitude tests
49. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Longitudinal design
Inferential statistics
50. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
ordinal variables
Scientific approach
Walter Mischel
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)