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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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2. Knowing how to do something
Fluid intelligence
random sampling
research design
Learn the shape of different distributions
3. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
Selective attrition
normal distribution(+characteristic)
ratio variables
between subject
4. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Null hypothesis
generalizability
Projective tests (+types)
median
5. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Inferential statistics
Walter Mischel
Fluid intelligence
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
6. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
histogram
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Draw-A-Person Test
ratio variables
7. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Criterion-referenced tests
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Inferential statistics
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
8. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Content validity
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
9. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation
median
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Correlational relationships
Inferential statistics
10. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Fluid intelligence
Robert Zajonc
Concurrent validity
Scientific approach
11. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
placebo
Statistical regression
Reactance
Null hypothesis
12. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Rosenthal effect
predictive value
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
range
13. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Construct validity
placebo
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
One-way ANOVA
14. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
range
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Cross validation
Illusory correlation
15. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Learn the shape of different distributions
placebo effect
mode
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
16. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Correlational relationships
frequency polygon
research design
Internal validity
17. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Two-way ANOVA
Charles Spearmen
Longitudinal design
Rorschach Inkblot Test
18. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Selective attrition
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
statistics
Variability
19. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Split-half reliability
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Face validity
20. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
Two-way ANOVA
frequency polygon
Longitudinal design
Test-retest reliability
21. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Scientific approach
Acquiescence
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
22. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
Hawthorne effect
Mean IQ
Projective tests (+types)
Two-way ANOVA
23. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
Curvilinear relationship
Nonequivalent control group
Split-half reliability
Objective tests (+types)
24. For children 6-16
Variability
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Curvilinear relationship
25. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
T-score
percentiles
F-scale or F-ratio
Test-retest reliability
26. Used most commonly on standardized test
random sampling
percentiles
median
interval variables
27. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Graphs (types)
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Crystallized intelligence
Projective tests (+types)
28. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Curvilinear relationship
confounding variable
29. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
mode
Standard normal distributions
Spearman r correlation coefficient
30. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
standard deviation (calculation)
Lewis Terman
statistics
31. How the score are spread out overall
Internal validity
Curvilinear relationship
Variability
Experimental design
32. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Standard normal distributions
Mean IQ
Reactance
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
33. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Nonequivalent control group
range
cohort effect
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
34. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
stratified sampling
Crystallized intelligence
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
35. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
External validity (+types)
Z-scores
Walter Mischel
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
36. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
Q-sort/measure
interval variables
Alpha levels
Z-scores
37. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Alfred Binet
double-blind experiment
placebo
38. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Illusory correlation
Julian Rotter
random sampling
Experimental design
39. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
placebo
between subject
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
ratio variables
40. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
Intelligence
Continuous data
Walter Mischel
within subject
41. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
range
normal distribution(+characteristic)
ratio variables
Chi-square test
42. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
median
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Curvilinear relationship
43. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
statistically significant
Objective tests (+types)
Field study
between subject
44. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
bar graph
ratio variables
Concurrent validity
Construct validity
45. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Inferential statistics
bar graph
Face validity
46. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Content validity
Demand characteristic
Discrete data
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
47. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
IQ Binet'S equation
cohort effect
Q-sort/measure
Longitudinal design
48. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Scientific approach
Cross validation
Factorial analysis of variance
Crystallized intelligence
49. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Demand characteristic
Meta-analysis
Linear regression
Hawthorne effect
50. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
mode
Concurrent validity
Validity (+types)
Longitudinal design