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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person






2. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis






3. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






4. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured






5. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove






6. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






7. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






8. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






9. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






10. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






11. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






12. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






13. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






14. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






15. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face






16. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






17. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement






18. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted






19. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






20. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






21. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






22. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






23. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






24. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






25. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






26. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






27. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






28. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'






29. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep






30. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier






31. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






32. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






33. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






34. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






35. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






36. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






37. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






38. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






39. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






40. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind






41. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






42. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






43. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






44. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






45. Process in testing concurrent validity






46. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






47. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






48. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






49. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






50. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions