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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Curvilinear relationship
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Demand characteristic
2. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
ordinal variables
3. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
dependent variable
Split-half reliability
Correlational relationships
4. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Intelligence
Hawthorne effect
random sampling
Illusory correlation
5. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
between subject
Split-half reliability
Concurrent validity
T-test
6. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
research design
Standard normal distributions
nominal variables
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
7. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Achievement tests
nominal variables
Illusory correlation
Descriptive statistics (+types)
8. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Lewis Terman
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Draw-A-Person Test
frequency polygon
9. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Anne Anastasi
Lewis Terman
Mean IQ
Curvilinear relationship
10. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Experimental design
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
ratio variables
11. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
frequency polygon
Rosenthal effect
Test-retest reliability
Graphs (types)
12. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Learn the shape of different distributions
Intelligence
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
cohort effect
13. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Statistical regression
F-scale or F-ratio
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Projective tests (+types)
14. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Mean IQ
Illusory correlation
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
generalizability
15. Used most commonly on standardized test
percentiles
Two-way ANOVA
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Intelligence
16. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Linear regression
frequency polygon
Chi-square test
17. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
quasi-experimental design
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Inferential statistics
placebo effect
18. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Q-sort/measure
Achievement tests
ordinal variables
Item analysis (reliability)
19. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Correlational relationships
Projective tests (+types)
Test-retest reliability
Longitudinal design
20. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Crystallized intelligence
One-way ANOVA
Continuous data
Criterion-referenced tests
21. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
placebo
Anne Anastasi
Robert Zajonc
normal distribution(+characteristic)
22. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
statistics
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
mental age
Word Association Test
23. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
Face validity
Q-sort/measure
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Split-half reliability
24. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
cohort effect
statistically significant
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Experimental design
25. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Experimental design
Alfred Binet
Internal validity
26. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
mode
Aptitude tests
Julian Rotter
Reliability (+types)
27. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Field study
Draw-A-Person Test
Inferential statistics
research design
28. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
Lewis Terman
ordinal variables
Content validity
quasi-experimental design
29. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Illusory correlation
Vocational tests
Test-retest reliability
confounding variable
30. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
Cross validation
bar graph
Crystallized intelligence
Demand characteristic
31. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Discrete data
Content validity
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
32. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Reliability (+types)
Population & related
standard deviation (calculation)
33. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Nonequivalent control group
Fluid intelligence
research design
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
34. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
double-blind experiment
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Julian Rotter
35. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
Split-half reliability
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Z-scores
Rosenthal effect
36. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Spearman r correlation coefficient
histogram
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Statistical regression
37. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
between subject
Alpha levels
External validity (+types)
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
38. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Continuous data
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Inferential statistics
standard deviation (calculation)
39. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
placebo
Rosenthal effect
T-score
Graphs (types)
40. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
Hawthorne effect
Split-half reliability
independent variable
Pearson r correlation coefficient
41. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Two-way ANOVA
standard error of mean
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Mean IQ
42. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Validity (+types)
confounding variable
Face validity
independent variable
43. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
Reactance
Item analysis (reliability)
between subject
random sampling
44. Knowing how to do something
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Fluid intelligence
ordinal variables
Experimenter bias
45. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Julian Rotter
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
IQ Binet'S equation
Robert Zajonc
46. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
T-score
Z-scores
generalizability
47. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Continuous data
Construct validity
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Anne Anastasi
48. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
range
Fluid intelligence
Two-way ANOVA
Descriptive statistics (+types)
49. Process in testing concurrent validity
double-blind experiment
range
Correlational relationships
Cross validation
50. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
External validity (+types)
Alpha levels
Lewis Terman
statistically significant