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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
percentiles
T-score
Learn the shape of different distributions
2. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Content validity
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Type I and II errors
3. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
ratio variables
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Acquiescence
confounding variable
4. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Vocational tests
bar graph
Standard normal distributions
5. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Test-retest reliability
Concurrent validity
research design
6. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
Statistical regression
Meta-analysis
cross-sectional design
Variability
7. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Curvilinear relationship
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Statistical regression
percentiles
8. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Lie detector tests
placebo effect
Scientific approach
Aptitude tests
9. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Aptitude tests
stratified sampling
interval variables
nominal variables
10. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Mean IQ
Discrete data
social desirability
ratio variables
11. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
F-scale or F-ratio
Curvilinear relationship
Validity (+types)
Projective tests (+types)
12. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist
Null hypothesis
Continuous data
generalizability
frequency polygon
13. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
cross-sectional design
Curvilinear relationship
F-scale or F-ratio
Concurrent validity
14. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
between subject
variance and standard deviation
Graphs (types)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
15. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Standard normal distributions
Projective tests (+types)
cohort-sequential design
Rorschach Inkblot Test
16. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Alfred Binet
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Split-half reliability
17. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Demand characteristic
Scientific approach
Reliability (+types)
normal distribution(+characteristic)
18. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
bar graph
statistically significant
range
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
19. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
Field study
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
independent variable
Pearson r correlation coefficient
20. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Chi-square test
Test-retest reliability
Criterion-referenced tests
21. How the score are spread out overall
Alfred Binet
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Null hypothesis
Variability
22. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Split-half reliability
Illusory correlation
Achievement tests
23. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Construct validity
Z-scores
placebo
Robert Zajonc
24. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
F-scale or F-ratio
Mean IQ
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Rosenthal effect
25. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
independent variable
Alpha levels
Item analysis (reliability)
Spearman r correlation coefficient
26. For children 4-6
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
independent variable
Cross validation
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
27. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
Objective tests (+types)
Experimenter bias
Internal validity
ratio variables
28. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Nonequivalent control group
29. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
double-blind experiment
bar graph
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
variance and standard deviation
30. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Q-sort/measure
Null hypothesis
Acquiescence
Field study
31. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Charles Spearmen
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Face validity
Pearson r correlation coefficient
32. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
IQ Binet'S equation
Continuous data
External validity (+types)
Spearman r correlation coefficient
33. For children 6-16
Statistical regression
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Concurrent validity
34. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
random sampling
social desirability
Null hypothesis
Fluid intelligence
35. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Alfred Binet
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Draw-A-Person Test
T-test
36. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Learn the shape of different distributions
range
placebo
37. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
range
Curvilinear relationship
38. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Draw-A-Person Test
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
stratified sampling
Face validity
39. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
variance (calculation)
Experimental design
Alfred Binet
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
40. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Walter Mischel
Chi-square test
Selective attrition
41. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
bar graph
Standard normal distributions
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
nominal variables
42. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Two-way ANOVA
within subject
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Aptitude tests
43. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
External validity (+types)
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Selective attrition
Scientific approach
44. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Criterion-referenced tests
social desirability
variance and standard deviation
45. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
between subject
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
within subject
Nonequivalent control group
46. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Achievement tests
Robert Zajonc
Factorial analysis of variance
frequency polygon
47. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
Test-retest reliability
Construct validity
ordinal variables
Spearman r correlation coefficient
48. Process in testing concurrent validity
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Cross validation
Population & related
Lewis Terman
49. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Julian Rotter
independent variable
confounding variable
50. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
Anne Anastasi
Demand characteristic
interval variables
confounding variable