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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Statistical regression
Graphs (types)
Alfred Binet
Intelligence
2. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Correlational relationships
Statistical regression
Population & related
Criterion-referenced tests
3. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Rosenthal effect
percentiles
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Continuous data
4. How the score are spread out overall
Variability
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
ordinal variables
stratified sampling
5. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Draw-A-Person Test
Cross validation
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Factorial analysis of variance
6. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
nominal variables
Validity (+types)
placebo effect
One-way ANOVA
7. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Construct validity
research design
Variability
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
8. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Standard normal distributions
Internal validity
cohort effect
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
9. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
IQ Binet'S equation
standard error of mean
variance (calculation)
interval variables
10. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Null hypothesis
variance and standard deviation
Learn the shape of different distributions
median
11. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Intelligence
cohort effect
Illusory correlation
Experimental design
12. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Demand characteristic
T-score
Projective tests (+types)
13. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
Split-half reliability
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Two-way ANOVA
14. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
placebo
Reliability (+types)
Q-sort/measure
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
15. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
Reactance
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Content validity
frequency polygon
16. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Selective attrition
Inferential statistics
Robert Zajonc
T-test
17. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
generalizability
research design
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
histogram
18. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
Standard normal distributions
Acquiescence
Inferential statistics
independent variable
19. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
Chi-square test
Graphs (types)
standard deviation (calculation)
frequency polygon
20. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Selective attrition
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Descriptive statistics (+types)
T-score
21. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Scientific approach
Hawthorne effect
Reactance
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
22. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Illusory correlation
Face validity
Variability
Population & related
23. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
cohort-sequential design
Projective tests (+types)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Aptitude tests
24. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
research design
interval variables
T-test
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
25. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
ordinal variables
Item analysis (reliability)
Test-retest reliability
statistics
26. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Field study
Cross validation
Meta-analysis
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
27. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
IQ Binet'S equation
Construct validity
Criterion-referenced tests
Meta-analysis
28. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Face validity
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Field study
bar graph
29. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
generalizability
stratified sampling
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Variability
30. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
mode
F-scale or F-ratio
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Projective tests (+types)
31. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not
Linear regression
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Inferential statistics
IQ Binet'S equation
32. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Chi-square test
between subject
placebo effect
33. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
Field study
between subject
range
Domain-referenced tests
34. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
Internal validity
range
double-blind experiment
Hawthorne effect
35. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Anne Anastasi
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Fluid intelligence
Population & related
36. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
cohort effect
T-test
independent variable
Cross validation
37. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
statistics
Objective tests (+types)
Aptitude tests
Reactance
38. For children 6-16
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Factorial analysis of variance
confounding variable
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
39. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
placebo effect
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Scientific approach
Charles Spearmen
40. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Alfred Binet
Word Association Test
variance and standard deviation
T-score
41. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
One-way ANOVA
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Concurrent validity
42. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
predictive value
Descriptive statistics (+types)
IQ Binet'S equation
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
43. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
independent variable
Experimental design
quasi-experimental design
44. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Alpha levels
interval variables
Item analysis (reliability)
mode
45. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Chi-square test
statistics
research design
variance and standard deviation
46. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
cross-sectional design
cohort effect
47. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Walter Mischel
histogram
Chi-square test
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
48. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Test-retest reliability
Two-way ANOVA
T-score
External validity (+types)
49. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Concurrent validity
between subject
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Statistical regression
50. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
statistics
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
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