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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Longitudinal design
Concurrent validity
Linear regression
Rosenthal effect
2. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Linear regression
Intelligence
Face validity
Aptitude tests
3. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Selective attrition
mode
predictive value
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
4. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
Population & related
between subject
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Crystallized intelligence
5. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
dependent variable
Lewis Terman
6. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Lie detector tests
Continuous data
Statistical regression
Null hypothesis
7. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Hawthorne effect
generalizability
statistics
8. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
cross-sectional design
Type I and II errors
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
9. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Acquiescence
standard error of mean
between subject
median
10. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once
standard deviation (calculation)
Test-retest reliability
range
research design
11. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
frequency polygon
T-score
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
12. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Word Association Test
Nonequivalent control group
Q-sort/measure
quasi-experimental design
13. For children 4-6
Population & related
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
bar graph
Word Association Test
14. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
standard error of mean
within subject
Lie detector tests
Test-retest reliability
15. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Variability
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Vocational tests
stratified sampling
16. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
Z-scores
Domain-referenced tests
dependent variable
within subject
17. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Draw-A-Person Test
mode
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
18. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Item analysis (reliability)
Word Association Test
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
cohort-sequential design
19. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
predictive value
Walter Mischel
F-scale or F-ratio
normal distribution(+characteristic)
20. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
Population & related
interval variables
Curvilinear relationship
research design
21. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
stratified sampling
ordinal variables
standard deviation (calculation)
Reactance
22. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
Z-scores
Vocational tests
F-scale or F-ratio
Descriptive statistics (+types)
23. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
Mean IQ
Alfred Binet
Field study
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
24. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Rorschach Inkblot Test
IQ Binet'S equation
cohort-sequential design
25. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Julian Rotter
histogram
Objective tests (+types)
26. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Content validity
Variability
Objective tests (+types)
random sampling
27. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
social desirability
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Two-way ANOVA
Reliability (+types)
28. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
placebo effect
Population & related
random sampling
Factorial analysis of variance
29. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
mental age
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Experimental design
Linear regression
30. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
cohort effect
Objective tests (+types)
Meta-analysis
Rosenthal effect
31. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
placebo effect
T-score
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
variance and standard deviation
32. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
confounding variable
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Graphs (types)
frequency polygon
33. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Selective attrition
Null hypothesis
Statistical regression
cross-sectional design
34. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Chi-square test
placebo effect
Projective tests (+types)
Mean IQ
35. Knowing a fact
Crystallized intelligence
Correlational relationships
T-score
Mean IQ
36. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
Linear regression
Longitudinal design
Frequency distributions (+variables)
predictive value
37. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Split-half reliability
T-test
nominal variables
Acquiescence
38. Knowing how to do something
Lewis Terman
cross-sectional design
Hawthorne effect
Fluid intelligence
39. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Reliability (+types)
Fluid intelligence
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
40. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
placebo effect
Curvilinear relationship
Intelligence
Walter Mischel
41. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
F-scale or F-ratio
Graphs (types)
ratio variables
Selective attrition
42. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
interval variables
Content validity
random sampling
43. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
Anne Anastasi
Domain-referenced tests
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Correlational relationships
44. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Alpha levels
Reactance
Demand characteristic
Criterion-referenced tests
45. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Construct validity
Curvilinear relationship
variance and standard deviation
statistics
46. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Construct validity
statistically significant
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
47. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Concurrent validity
Acquiescence
frequency polygon
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
48. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
Objective tests (+types)
variance (calculation)
median
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
49. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
variance (calculation)
Curvilinear relationship
statistically significant
50. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Demand characteristic
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Descriptive statistics (+types)
interval variables