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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






2. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






3. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






4. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






5. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind






6. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






7. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






8. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






9. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature






10. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






11. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






12. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






13. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






14. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






15. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






16. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






17. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






18. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






19. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






20. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






21. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






22. How the score are spread out overall






23. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






24. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






25. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






26. Knowing how to do something






27. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






28. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






29. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'






30. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






31. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






32. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period






33. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it






34. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them






35. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






36. The most frequently occurring value






37. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






38. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions






39. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






40. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






41. For children 6-16






42. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






43. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality






44. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






45. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






46. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions






47. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






48. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






49. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed






50. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety







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