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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
statistically significant
External validity (+types)
Q-sort/measure
2. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
bar graph
Aptitude tests
One-way ANOVA
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
3. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
Split-half reliability
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Crystallized intelligence
4. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Crystallized intelligence
cohort-sequential design
interval variables
Chi-square test
5. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
nominal variables
placebo effect
Meta-analysis
6. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
double-blind experiment
interval variables
Acquiescence
Learn the shape of different distributions
7. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
normal distribution(+characteristic)
T-score
median
8. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
Spearman r correlation coefficient
stratified sampling
ordinal variables
Scientific approach
9. Used most commonly on standardized test
Intelligence
IQ Binet'S equation
percentiles
Type I and II errors
10. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Reliability (+types)
variance (calculation)
cohort-sequential design
nominal variables
11. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Correlational relationships
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
standard deviation (calculation)
12. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
between subject
Cross validation
Demand characteristic
Statistical regression
13. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Standard normal distributions
Internal validity
Rosenthal effect
14. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Split-half reliability
Discrete data
cohort effect
15. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
research design
nominal variables
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Face validity
16. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
Draw-A-Person Test
stratified sampling
ANOVA/analysis of variance
histogram
17. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Learn the shape of different distributions
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
18. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Intelligence
Anne Anastasi
Curvilinear relationship
Scientific approach
19. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
Rorschach Inkblot Test
placebo
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
generalizability
20. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
IQ Binet'S equation
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Experimenter bias
Validity (+types)
21. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist
cohort effect
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Experimenter bias
Null hypothesis
22. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Inferential statistics
nominal variables
Construct validity
Chi-square test
23. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
within subject
Discrete data
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
24. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Nonequivalent control group
Alpha levels
Cross validation
Construct validity
25. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
T-test
Lewis Terman
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Concurrent validity
26. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Vocational tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
range
Intelligence
27. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Alpha levels
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
IQ Binet'S equation
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
28. How the score are spread out overall
Variability
Nonequivalent control group
Hawthorne effect
Rosenthal effect
29. Process in testing concurrent validity
Hawthorne effect
Validity (+types)
Cross validation
median
30. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
between subject
generalizability
Validity (+types)
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
31. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
ordinal variables
nominal variables
32. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
dependent variable
placebo effect
33. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Internal validity
Selective attrition
generalizability
Achievement tests
34. Knowing how to do something
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Fluid intelligence
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
35. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
ordinal variables
Graphs (types)
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Alfred Binet
36. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
Item analysis (reliability)
cohort effect
placebo effect
confounding variable
37. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
Graphs (types)
Correlational relationships
predictive value
bar graph
38. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
random sampling
social desirability
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Anne Anastasi
39. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Illusory correlation
between subject
Reactance
External validity (+types)
40. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
predictive value
Correlational relationships
Projective tests (+types)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
41. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Lewis Terman
Graphs (types)
placebo effect
42. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Null hypothesis
Anne Anastasi
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Continuous data
43. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Selective attrition
Nonequivalent control group
range
44. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Curvilinear relationship
Anne Anastasi
Face validity
Correlational relationships
45. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
Achievement tests
independent variable
Alfred Binet
Chi-square test
46. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
T-score
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Split-half reliability
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
47. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Rosenthal effect
Domain-referenced tests
External validity (+types)
48. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
mental age
Word Association Test
confounding variable
Inferential statistics
49. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
T-test
Charles Spearmen
Curvilinear relationship
Rorschach Inkblot Test
50. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Illusory correlation
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Content validity
IQ Binet'S equation
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