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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
bar graph
quasi-experimental design
cohort effect
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
2. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Face validity
placebo effect
percentiles
3. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
Domain-referenced tests
between subject
Chi-square test
F-scale or F-ratio
4. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Walter Mischel
Illusory correlation
Aptitude tests
5. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Word Association Test
quasi-experimental design
Internal validity
Reactance
6. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
dependent variable
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Acquiescence
mode
7. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
quasi-experimental design
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
social desirability
8. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
Chi-square test
mental age
Experimental design
research design
9. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
Content validity
Standard normal distributions
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Statistical regression
10. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Standard normal distributions
Q-sort/measure
T-test
Criterion-referenced tests
11. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Continuous data
Lie detector tests
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Hawthorne effect
12. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Concurrent validity
Rosenthal effect
T-test
Selective attrition
13. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Illusory correlation
Spearman r correlation coefficient
placebo effect
Experimental design
14. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
social desirability
T-test
Discrete data
Achievement tests
15. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
variance (calculation)
range
variance and standard deviation
Objective tests (+types)
16. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Two-way ANOVA
Reliability (+types)
Inferential statistics
Julian Rotter
17. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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18. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
within subject
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Variability
dependent variable
19. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
Chi-square test
Reactance
One-way ANOVA
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
20. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
Reliability (+types)
predictive value
Fluid intelligence
External validity (+types)
21. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
interval variables
Word Association Test
F-scale or F-ratio
22. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Walter Mischel
stratified sampling
23. The most frequently occurring value
mode
Alpha levels
ANOVA/analysis of variance
F-scale or F-ratio
24. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
percentiles
Lie detector tests
Field study
Reliability (+types)
25. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Nonequivalent control group
statistically significant
within subject
26. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
social desirability
placebo
Draw-A-Person Test
27. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
predictive value
ratio variables
Intelligence
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
28. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Charles Spearmen
Reactance
statistically significant
Population & related
29. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
T-test
Validity (+types)
standard deviation (calculation)
cross-sectional design
30. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Objective tests (+types)
External validity (+types)
Continuous data
median
31. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Continuous data
cohort-sequential design
Test-retest reliability
32. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
External validity (+types)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
social desirability
standard error of mean
33. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Walter Mischel
Two-way ANOVA
IQ Binet'S equation
double-blind experiment
34. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
placebo
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Item analysis (reliability)
Domain-referenced tests
35. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
Walter Mischel
variance (calculation)
statistically significant
Cross validation
36. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
cohort effect
bar graph
Reliability (+types)
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
37. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
External validity (+types)
Charles Spearmen
T-test
standard deviation (calculation)
38. For children 6-16
double-blind experiment
Construct validity
Selective attrition
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
39. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
histogram
Scientific approach
ratio variables
percentiles
40. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
mental age
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Curvilinear relationship
External validity (+types)
41. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Lewis Terman
Inferential statistics
Criterion-referenced tests
42. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Julian Rotter
Cross validation
dependent variable
Population & related
43. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
Walter Mischel
within subject
Projective tests (+types)
placebo
44. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Word Association Test
Alfred Binet
45. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Cross validation
Projective tests (+types)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
46. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
percentiles
Construct validity
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
variance (calculation)
47. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
placebo
Discrete data
Content validity
quasi-experimental design
48. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
Cross validation
confounding variable
Graphs (types)
Experimental design
49. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
predictive value
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Anne Anastasi
Q-sort/measure
50. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Learn the shape of different distributions
statistically significant
One-way ANOVA
variance and standard deviation
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