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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Vocational tests
Hawthorne effect
2. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
confounding variable
Chi-square test
Type I and II errors
Q-sort/measure
3. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Lewis Terman
Objective tests (+types)
quasi-experimental design
Face validity
4. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
median
Construct validity
standard error of mean
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
5. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Draw-A-Person Test
Correlational relationships
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
6. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
Split-half reliability
Lie detector tests
cross-sectional design
Rorschach Inkblot Test
7. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
statistics
Discrete data
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
histogram
8. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Longitudinal design
Fluid intelligence
Q-sort/measure
9. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
variance (calculation)
predictive value
Robert Zajonc
Projective tests (+types)
10. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Objective tests (+types)
Robert Zajonc
predictive value
Field study
11. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Domain-referenced tests
cohort effect
Illusory correlation
standard error of mean
12. Knowing a fact
Discrete data
research design
Intelligence
Crystallized intelligence
13. Process in testing concurrent validity
Cross validation
generalizability
Correlational relationships
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
14. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
confounding variable
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
interval variables
15. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Charles Spearmen
Z-scores
variance and standard deviation
Curvilinear relationship
16. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
Intelligence
statistically significant
Standard normal distributions
Mean IQ
17. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
within subject
placebo
Rorschach Inkblot Test
random sampling
18. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
placebo effect
Standard normal distributions
Population & related
19. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Illusory correlation
dependent variable
Achievement tests
Graphs (types)
20. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once
Test-retest reliability
Anne Anastasi
Aptitude tests
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
21. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Illusory correlation
Chi-square test
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
nominal variables
22. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
Factorial analysis of variance
cross-sectional design
Projective tests (+types)
T-test
23. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
generalizability
Concurrent validity
Standard normal distributions
ordinal variables
24. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Continuous data
Experimental design
Projective tests (+types)
25. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Concurrent validity
Split-half reliability
within subject
Internal validity
26. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
dependent variable
Reactance
independent variable
cohort-sequential design
27. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
nominal variables
mental age
Construct validity
ratio variables
28. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
cohort-sequential design
Linear regression
Face validity
Word Association Test
29. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
histogram
Scientific approach
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
nominal variables
30. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist
T-test
quasi-experimental design
social desirability
Null hypothesis
31. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
cohort-sequential design
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
T-score
32. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
IQ Binet'S equation
Criterion-referenced tests
ordinal variables
33. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Population & related
frequency polygon
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
34. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Construct validity
Face validity
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Factorial analysis of variance
35. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
statistics
Anne Anastasi
Concurrent validity
Intelligence
36. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Curvilinear relationship
placebo effect
Standard normal distributions
37. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Meta-analysis
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Field study
38. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Graphs (types)
mental age
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Z-scores
39. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Internal validity
T-score
Q-sort/measure
placebo
40. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Crystallized intelligence
Chi-square test
Linear regression
41. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
statistically significant
Experimental design
Achievement tests
42. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
statistically significant
F-scale or F-ratio
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
stratified sampling
43. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Internal validity
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Word Association Test
standard error of mean
44. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Two-way ANOVA
IQ Binet'S equation
Item analysis (reliability)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
45. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Experimenter bias
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
46. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
confounding variable
placebo
Z-scores
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
47. The most frequently occurring value
Experimenter bias
T-score
mode
between subject
48. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Walter Mischel
Chi-square test
Illusory correlation
Concurrent validity
49. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Discrete data
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
percentiles
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
50. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Graphs (types)
interval variables
placebo
F-scale or F-ratio
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