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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






2. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






3. For children 4-6






4. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers






5. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






6. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






7. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






8. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment






9. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






10. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






11. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences






12. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






13. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






14. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






15. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature






16. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






17. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






18. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






19. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






20. The most frequently occurring value






21. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






22. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






23. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






24. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






25. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






26. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






27. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






28. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






29. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds






30. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






31. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






32. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it






33. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






34. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement






35. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






36. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world






37. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






38. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






39. Knowing a fact






40. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test






41. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)






42. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






43. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






44. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'






45. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






46. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






47. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






48. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






49. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory






50. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured







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