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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






2. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






3. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test






4. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






5. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






6. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






7. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






8. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






9. For children 6-16






10. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






11. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






12. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






13. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






14. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






15. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






16. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






17. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






18. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






19. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove






20. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






21. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






22. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






23. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences






24. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






25. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis






26. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






27. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






28. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






29. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






30. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence






31. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






32. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






33. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests






34. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






35. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






36. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






37. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






38. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample






39. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






40. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






41. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature






42. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






43. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






44. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






45. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






46. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






47. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






48. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






49. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted






50. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)