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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
histogram
Experimenter bias
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
2. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Correlational relationships
ratio variables
Curvilinear relationship
3. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Inferential statistics
variance and standard deviation
Anne Anastasi
Concurrent validity
4. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
research design
Inferential statistics
Experimental design
bar graph
5. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Validity (+types)
Type I and II errors
Test-retest reliability
Mean IQ
6. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Draw-A-Person Test
median
Experimental design
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
7. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Null hypothesis
Julian Rotter
Item analysis (reliability)
Type I and II errors
8. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
Julian Rotter
Anne Anastasi
Standard normal distributions
cross-sectional design
9. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Reactance
Illusory correlation
nominal variables
IQ Binet'S equation
10. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Item analysis (reliability)
Mean IQ
Concurrent validity
11. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
Split-half reliability
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
cohort-sequential design
Julian Rotter
12. Knowing how to do something
Standard normal distributions
Discrete data
Fluid intelligence
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
13. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
Split-half reliability
Anne Anastasi
variance and standard deviation
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
14. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Standard normal distributions
Factorial analysis of variance
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
social desirability
15. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Selective attrition
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
16. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Intelligence
Validity (+types)
standard error of mean
Chi-square test
17. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
quasi-experimental design
Walter Mischel
Content validity
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
18. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
cohort effect
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Julian Rotter
variance and standard deviation
19. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Item analysis (reliability)
random sampling
Learn the shape of different distributions
Projective tests (+types)
20. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Field study
Correlational relationships
Walter Mischel
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
21. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Aptitude tests
between subject
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
22. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Selective attrition
Fluid intelligence
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Achievement tests
23. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
stratified sampling
cross-sectional design
Inferential statistics
Face validity
24. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Lewis Terman
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
frequency polygon
25. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Correlational relationships
bar graph
Nonequivalent control group
Alfred Binet
26. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
double-blind experiment
placebo
Hawthorne effect
27. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Charles Spearmen
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
One-way ANOVA
Experimenter bias
28. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Achievement tests
Content validity
Illusory correlation
Statistical regression
29. Knowing a fact
Alfred Binet
Selective attrition
Crystallized intelligence
Reactance
30. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Spearman r correlation coefficient
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Variability
Null hypothesis
31. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
variance and standard deviation
random sampling
Correlational relationships
32. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Fluid intelligence
cohort effect
ANOVA/analysis of variance
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
33. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
Linear regression
Null hypothesis
Test-retest reliability
double-blind experiment
34. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
confounding variable
Objective tests (+types)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Item analysis (reliability)
35. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Q-sort/measure
Fluid intelligence
Experimenter bias
standard error of mean
36. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
quasi-experimental design
Test-retest reliability
Anne Anastasi
37. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Construct validity
Type I and II errors
Descriptive statistics (+types)
38. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
standard deviation (calculation)
Achievement tests
cohort effect
variance and standard deviation
39. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
frequency polygon
Type I and II errors
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Projective tests (+types)
40. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
between subject
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Reactance
Draw-A-Person Test
41. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
Test-retest reliability
Factorial analysis of variance
random sampling
predictive value
42. How the score are spread out overall
variance and standard deviation
Variability
placebo
dependent variable
43. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
quasi-experimental design
stratified sampling
Longitudinal design
Variability
44. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
mental age
Null hypothesis
ordinal variables
IQ Binet'S equation
45. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Scientific approach
Alpha levels
IQ Binet'S equation
Descriptive statistics (+types)
46. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Reactance
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Nonequivalent control group
47. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
nominal variables
Alfred Binet
ANOVA/analysis of variance
48. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
percentiles
Graphs (types)
statistics
IQ Binet'S equation
49. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Null hypothesis
Face validity
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Correlational relationships
50. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Criterion-referenced tests
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
T-score