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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
External validity (+types)
cohort effect
T-test
Curvilinear relationship
2. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
variance and standard deviation
Population & related
Vocational tests
double-blind experiment
3. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
standard error of mean
Mean IQ
Acquiescence
cohort effect
4. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
double-blind experiment
Achievement tests
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
independent variable
5. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Two-way ANOVA
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
cross-sectional design
6. For children 4-6
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Lie detector tests
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
median
7. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
placebo
Criterion-referenced tests
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
random sampling
8. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
independent variable
Rorschach Inkblot Test
frequency polygon
social desirability
9. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Discrete data
Demand characteristic
standard error of mean
cohort-sequential design
10. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
T-score
Lewis Terman
Null hypothesis
11. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
social desirability
mental age
Variability
Experimental design
12. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Two-way ANOVA
Projective tests (+types)
Experimental design
Anne Anastasi
13. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Reliability (+types)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Validity (+types)
14. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
Julian Rotter
range
Nonequivalent control group
Statistical regression
15. Process in testing concurrent validity
Cross validation
Experimental design
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Item analysis (reliability)
16. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Aptitude tests
T-test
within subject
Robert Zajonc
17. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Nonequivalent control group
Julian Rotter
Alpha levels
standard error of mean
18. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Field study
Draw-A-Person Test
bar graph
Construct validity
19. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
Concurrent validity
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Factorial analysis of variance
Lewis Terman
20. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
histogram
Z-scores
Split-half reliability
random sampling
21. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
independent variable
Domain-referenced tests
Discrete data
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
22. Knowing how to do something
Projective tests (+types)
Statistical regression
Fluid intelligence
variance and standard deviation
23. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Nonequivalent control group
T-test
mental age
24. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
between subject
predictive value
Acquiescence
25. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
between subject
Word Association Test
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Two-way ANOVA
26. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Walter Mischel
Mean IQ
Chi-square test
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
27. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Illusory correlation
Julian Rotter
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
independent variable
28. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
placebo effect
nominal variables
range
Illusory correlation
29. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
between subject
Curvilinear relationship
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
30. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Split-half reliability
Aptitude tests
F-scale or F-ratio
31. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Internal validity
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Rosenthal effect
Scientific approach
32. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
interval variables
T-score
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
statistically significant
33. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Reactance
Anne Anastasi
Vocational tests
Longitudinal design
34. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
ratio variables
Selective attrition
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
mental age
35. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
cross-sectional design
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Rosenthal effect
variance and standard deviation
36. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Z-scores
Crystallized intelligence
placebo effect
Type I and II errors
37. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Descriptive statistics (+types)
IQ Binet'S equation
T-test
Vocational tests
38. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
bar graph
interval variables
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
39. The most frequently occurring value
mode
T-score
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Anne Anastasi
40. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
interval variables
Face validity
placebo effect
41. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
nominal variables
Item analysis (reliability)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
42. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Lie detector tests
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
stratified sampling
research design
43. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
between subject
Hawthorne effect
cross-sectional design
Face validity
44. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Chi-square test
Inferential statistics
IQ Binet'S equation
confounding variable
45. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Crystallized intelligence
Fluid intelligence
random sampling
46. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Meta-analysis
Test-retest reliability
T-test
research design
47. For children 6-16
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Item analysis (reliability)
Experimental design
range
48. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Longitudinal design
Test-retest reliability
stratified sampling
Rorschach Inkblot Test
49. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Vocational tests
Test-retest reliability
cross-sectional design
ratio variables
50. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Achievement tests
Objective tests (+types)
Item analysis (reliability)
social desirability