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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






2. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






3. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






4. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






5. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






6. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






7. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world






8. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






9. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






10. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






11. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






12. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






13. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person






14. Process in testing concurrent validity






15. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it






16. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






17. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






18. The most frequently occurring value






19. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






20. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






21. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






22. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






23. Knowing a fact






24. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable






25. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






26. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






27. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






28. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






29. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






30. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests






31. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






32. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






33. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






34. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






35. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






36. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






37. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted






38. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






39. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'






40. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






41. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






42. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind






43. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






44. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






45. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






46. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






47. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






48. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






49. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions






50. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed