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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution






2. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






3. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






4. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






5. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






6. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






7. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






8. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






9. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






10. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






11. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






12. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






13. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning






14. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






15. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






16. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence






17. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






18. The most frequently occurring value






19. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






20. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted






21. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






22. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






23. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






24. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






25. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






26. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






27. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests






28. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured






29. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






30. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent






31. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds






32. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






33. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






34. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






35. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






36. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample






37. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature






38. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






39. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)






40. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






41. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






42. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






43. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






44. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






45. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






46. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






47. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






48. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment






49. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






50. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions