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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
placebo
Robert Zajonc
Rosenthal effect
Lie detector tests
2. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
ratio variables
statistically significant
Aptitude tests
Charles Spearmen
3. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
T-test
External validity (+types)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
4. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Rosenthal effect
Acquiescence
between subject
5. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Robert Zajonc
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Curvilinear relationship
independent variable
6. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Criterion-referenced tests
Experimenter bias
Robert Zajonc
Word Association Test
7. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Fluid intelligence
nominal variables
Achievement tests
Anne Anastasi
8. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Experimenter bias
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Two-way ANOVA
generalizability
9. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
Walter Mischel
frequency polygon
percentiles
Correlational relationships
10. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Split-half reliability
Continuous data
Achievement tests
Variability
11. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
variance and standard deviation
Demand characteristic
Concurrent validity
Statistical regression
12. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Demand characteristic
histogram
variance and standard deviation
Intelligence
13. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
stratified sampling
Item analysis (reliability)
Type I and II errors
Factorial analysis of variance
14. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Projective tests (+types)
cohort-sequential design
Type I and II errors
Graphs (types)
15. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
generalizability
Z-scores
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Internal validity
16. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Illusory correlation
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
ANOVA/analysis of variance
standard error of mean
17. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
ratio variables
Factorial analysis of variance
Scientific approach
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
18. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
cohort-sequential design
Chi-square test
Illusory correlation
frequency polygon
19. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Projective tests (+types)
Illusory correlation
Population & related
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
20. Knowing how to do something
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
median
random sampling
Fluid intelligence
21. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Word Association Test
cohort-sequential design
confounding variable
ANOVA/analysis of variance
22. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
random sampling
Correlational relationships
cohort-sequential design
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
23. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
normal distribution(+characteristic)
T-score
24. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
interval variables
Rosenthal effect
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Domain-referenced tests
25. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
stratified sampling
Reactance
cross-sectional design
between subject
26. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Standard normal distributions
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Reactance
predictive value
27. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
Mean IQ
variance (calculation)
generalizability
ordinal variables
28. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
social desirability
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
One-way ANOVA
bar graph
29. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
mental age
Robert Zajonc
Alpha levels
Rorschach Inkblot Test
30. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
statistics
Concurrent validity
frequency polygon
nominal variables
31. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
Null hypothesis
Draw-A-Person Test
Continuous data
interval variables
32. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
ordinal variables
Criterion-referenced tests
research design
33. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
variance (calculation)
generalizability
Content validity
Illusory correlation
34. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
Domain-referenced tests
Fluid intelligence
Factorial analysis of variance
Illusory correlation
35. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Alpha levels
Illusory correlation
External validity (+types)
36. For children 6-16
Walter Mischel
within subject
random sampling
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
37. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Nonequivalent control group
Scientific approach
Q-sort/measure
38. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
T-test
Alpha levels
interval variables
Alfred Binet
39. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
between subject
Discrete data
Rorschach Inkblot Test
statistics
40. Process in testing concurrent validity
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
statistically significant
Cross validation
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
41. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Reliability (+types)
Charles Spearmen
standard deviation (calculation)
42. How the score are spread out overall
standard error of mean
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Variability
range
43. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
Test-retest reliability
predictive value
range
generalizability
44. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Achievement tests
ordinal variables
Face validity
frequency polygon
45. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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46. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Experimenter bias
F-scale or F-ratio
Robert Zajonc
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
47. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
One-way ANOVA
Acquiescence
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
48. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Alfred Binet
Reactance
Criterion-referenced tests
49. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Anne Anastasi
social desirability
statistics
50. The most frequently occurring value
mode
Lewis Terman
dependent variable
nominal variables
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