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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






2. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






3. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions






4. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






5. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






6. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






7. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






8. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






9. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






10. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






11. The most frequently occurring value






12. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






13. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample






14. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






15. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






16. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period






17. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%






18. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep






19. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






20. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person






21. Knowing a fact






22. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






23. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






24. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






25. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






26. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






27. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






28. For children 6-16






29. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing






30. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






31. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






32. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






33. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






34. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






35. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed






36. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






37. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test






38. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






39. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






40. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






41. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






42. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






43. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






44. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






45. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured






46. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






47. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)






48. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






49. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






50. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant