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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
between subject
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Reactance
2. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Projective tests (+types)
Achievement tests
Scientific approach
Experimental design
3. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
T-test
Linear regression
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
4. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
F-scale or F-ratio
Achievement tests
Draw-A-Person Test
Mean IQ
5. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
ANOVA/analysis of variance
confounding variable
mental age
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
6. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Spearman r correlation coefficient
independent variable
bar graph
standard error of mean
7. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Null hypothesis
research design
Curvilinear relationship
Achievement tests
8. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
cohort effect
Reliability (+types)
F-scale or F-ratio
Pearson r correlation coefficient
9. Knowing a fact
Cross validation
Vocational tests
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Crystallized intelligence
10. Process in testing concurrent validity
Test-retest reliability
Cross validation
Draw-A-Person Test
generalizability
11. The most frequently occurring value
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Reliability (+types)
mode
Reactance
12. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation
range
Correlational relationships
quasi-experimental design
Scientific approach
13. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Null hypothesis
placebo
Aptitude tests
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
14. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
double-blind experiment
frequency polygon
T-score
Rorschach Inkblot Test
15. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
stratified sampling
Statistical regression
random sampling
Descriptive statistics (+types)
16. For children 6-16
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Criterion-referenced tests
Acquiescence
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
17. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Achievement tests
Item analysis (reliability)
Validity (+types)
18. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
range
Selective attrition
Item analysis (reliability)
Lewis Terman
19. Knowing how to do something
range
cohort-sequential design
Fluid intelligence
generalizability
20. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
within subject
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
statistically significant
confounding variable
21. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Statistical regression
Concurrent validity
histogram
Objective tests (+types)
22. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
Julian Rotter
placebo
Charles Spearmen
research design
23. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Type I and II errors
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
median
24. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
predictive value
Concurrent validity
histogram
cohort-sequential design
25. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Face validity
median
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Descriptive statistics (+types)
26. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
cross-sectional design
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
stratified sampling
27. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
dependent variable
Meta-analysis
Split-half reliability
Demand characteristic
28. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
mode
percentiles
range
Inferential statistics
29. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Vocational tests
Two-way ANOVA
Robert Zajonc
Aptitude tests
30. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
mental age
Projective tests (+types)
Discrete data
ordinal variables
31. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Domain-referenced tests
Nonequivalent control group
Projective tests (+types)
32. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Illusory correlation
Reactance
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
statistics
33. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
within subject
Null hypothesis
random sampling
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
34. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
Vocational tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
random sampling
stratified sampling
35. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
cross-sectional design
variance (calculation)
One-way ANOVA
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
36. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Anne Anastasi
predictive value
37. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
nominal variables
Content validity
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
38. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
cohort effect
Factorial analysis of variance
Charles Spearmen
Face validity
39. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
research design
confounding variable
Charles Spearmen
40. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Scientific approach
One-way ANOVA
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
41. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
stratified sampling
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
42. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Chi-square test
Experimental design
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Q-sort/measure
43. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Discrete data
Reliability (+types)
Achievement tests
Standard normal distributions
44. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Julian Rotter
F-scale or F-ratio
Aptitude tests
45. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Content validity
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
mental age
Rosenthal effect
46. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Reactance
Item analysis (reliability)
quasi-experimental design
Word Association Test
47. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Cross validation
Lie detector tests
Construct validity
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
48. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Hawthorne effect
Alpha levels
Scientific approach
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
49. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
between subject
50. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
independent variable
between subject
cohort-sequential design
bar graph
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