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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






2. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






3. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






4. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory






5. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






6. Process in testing concurrent validity






7. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent






8. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






9. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






10. How the score are spread out overall






11. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






12. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






13. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period






14. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%






15. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






16. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them






17. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






18. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






19. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






20. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






21. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






22. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






23. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






24. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






25. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature






26. For children 4-6






27. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face






28. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






29. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






30. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






31. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






32. For children 6-16






33. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






34. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove






35. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person






36. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16

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37. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind






38. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis






39. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






40. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it






41. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






42. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






43. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






44. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






45. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






46. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






47. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






48. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions






49. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






50. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind