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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used most commonly on standardized test
Statistical regression
One-way ANOVA
percentiles
Graphs (types)
2. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Continuous data
Validity (+types)
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Internal validity
3. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
statistics
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Charles Spearmen
Test-retest reliability
4. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
cohort effect
social desirability
stratified sampling
F-scale or F-ratio
5. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
variance and standard deviation
quasi-experimental design
random sampling
Pearson r correlation coefficient
6. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
variance (calculation)
Intelligence
Demand characteristic
double-blind experiment
7. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Alfred Binet
standard error of mean
random sampling
T-test
8. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
confounding variable
cohort-sequential design
Internal validity
Robert Zajonc
9. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
confounding variable
interval variables
ratio variables
Illusory correlation
10. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
median
placebo
Graphs (types)
11. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
cohort effect
independent variable
Variability
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
12. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Experimenter bias
Inferential statistics
Internal validity
13. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Content validity
confounding variable
nominal variables
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
14. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
research design
independent variable
Content validity
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
15. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
nominal variables
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Null hypothesis
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
16. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
Lewis Terman
Concurrent validity
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Intelligence
17. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Illusory correlation
Lewis Terman
Curvilinear relationship
Construct validity
18. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Null hypothesis
generalizability
Achievement tests
19. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
Julian Rotter
Mean IQ
dependent variable
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
20. The most frequently occurring value
External validity (+types)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
mode
percentiles
21. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Statistical regression
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
statistics
Criterion-referenced tests
22. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Statistical regression
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Criterion-referenced tests
Experimental design
23. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Lie detector tests
Pearson r correlation coefficient
predictive value
Reliability (+types)
24. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Item analysis (reliability)
Crystallized intelligence
Aptitude tests
nominal variables
25. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
T-test
stratified sampling
External validity (+types)
Two-way ANOVA
26. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
standard error of mean
Meta-analysis
Rosenthal effect
Frequency distributions (+variables)
27. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
within subject
T-score
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
placebo
28. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Experimenter bias
Word Association Test
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Face validity
29. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
standard error of mean
between subject
ANOVA/analysis of variance
median
30. For children 6-16
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Experimental design
statistics
histogram
31. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
F-scale or F-ratio
cohort effect
generalizability
Anne Anastasi
32. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
independent variable
T-score
Test-retest reliability
One-way ANOVA
33. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Word Association Test
Concurrent validity
research design
34. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
mode
cross-sectional design
Item analysis (reliability)
35. For children 4-6
dependent variable
placebo effect
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Graphs (types)
36. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Cross validation
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Graphs (types)
mode
37. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
placebo
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Illusory correlation
38. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Curvilinear relationship
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Illusory correlation
Field study
39. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
Pearson r correlation coefficient
IQ Binet'S equation
Correlational relationships
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
40. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
histogram
confounding variable
41. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Mean IQ
Nonequivalent control group
Construct validity
42. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
Vocational tests
generalizability
range
Longitudinal design
43. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
T-score
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
One-way ANOVA
Q-sort/measure
44. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
variance and standard deviation
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Domain-referenced tests
Construct validity
45. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Null hypothesis
Curvilinear relationship
Criterion-referenced tests
Statistical regression
46. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Julian Rotter
Population & related
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Statistical regression
47. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Word Association Test
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Longitudinal design
F-scale or F-ratio
48. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Discrete data
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Demand characteristic
49. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Spearman r correlation coefficient
social desirability
random sampling
50. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
confounding variable
generalizability
Anne Anastasi
Walter Mischel