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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
ratio variables
statistically significant
Item analysis (reliability)
F-scale or F-ratio
2. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Lie detector tests
Concurrent validity
Walter Mischel
mode
3. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Robert Zajonc
Acquiescence
Q-sort/measure
independent variable
4. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
placebo effect
Statistical regression
mental age
Alpha levels
5. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
double-blind experiment
generalizability
Graphs (types)
predictive value
6. Used most commonly on standardized test
double-blind experiment
Nonequivalent control group
percentiles
mode
7. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Q-sort/measure
Acquiescence
frequency polygon
Illusory correlation
8. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Intelligence
T-score
Vocational tests
9. How the score are spread out overall
Lie detector tests
cohort-sequential design
Variability
Crystallized intelligence
10. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
predictive value
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Experimental design
11. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Hawthorne effect
Learn the shape of different distributions
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Face validity
12. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Rorschach Inkblot Test
nominal variables
Learn the shape of different distributions
Reactance
13. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
Construct validity
Projective tests (+types)
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Anne Anastasi
14. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Continuous data
between subject
statistically significant
Nonequivalent control group
15. Knowing a fact
Crystallized intelligence
Walter Mischel
External validity (+types)
percentiles
16. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
T-test
cohort-sequential design
Discrete data
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
17. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
predictive value
F-scale or F-ratio
ordinal variables
Validity (+types)
18. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Hawthorne effect
Null hypothesis
Spearman r correlation coefficient
F-scale or F-ratio
19. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
Lie detector tests
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Selective attrition
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
20. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Internal validity
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Acquiescence
Chi-square test
21. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Lie detector tests
Criterion-referenced tests
Selective attrition
interval variables
22. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Lie detector tests
interval variables
Longitudinal design
Spearman r correlation coefficient
23. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Objective tests (+types)
Graphs (types)
percentiles
Julian Rotter
24. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist
Meta-analysis
Null hypothesis
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
interval variables
25. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
histogram
Aptitude tests
interval variables
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
26. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Split-half reliability
bar graph
Alfred Binet
27. Knowing how to do something
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
dependent variable
Fluid intelligence
quasi-experimental design
28. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Z-scores
Field study
29. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Reliability (+types)
Intelligence
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Illusory correlation
30. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
Projective tests (+types)
Draw-A-Person Test
Population & related
Domain-referenced tests
31. For children 6-16
Cross validation
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Rosenthal effect
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
32. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Hawthorne effect
Test-retest reliability
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
33. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
ratio variables
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Lie detector tests
34. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Alfred Binet
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Nonequivalent control group
Discrete data
35. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
Longitudinal design
Cross validation
Test-retest reliability
Descriptive statistics (+types)
36. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Type I and II errors
Two-way ANOVA
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Continuous data
37. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
percentiles
Standard normal distributions
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Robert Zajonc
38. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Demand characteristic
Anne Anastasi
mode
Selective attrition
39. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
predictive value
Achievement tests
Charles Spearmen
Split-half reliability
40. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Validity (+types)
Draw-A-Person Test
Alpha levels
Charles Spearmen
41. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not
Hawthorne effect
Lie detector tests
Q-sort/measure
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
42. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Projective tests (+types)
median
Population & related
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
43. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Spearman r correlation coefficient
standard error of mean
Correlational relationships
ratio variables
44. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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45. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
percentiles
double-blind experiment
Experimenter bias
statistically significant
46. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Frequency distributions (+variables)
median
Factorial analysis of variance
47. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
standard error of mean
statistics
Type I and II errors
independent variable
48. Process in testing concurrent validity
Anne Anastasi
double-blind experiment
Cross validation
Curvilinear relationship
49. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation
Alpha levels
Correlational relationships
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Graphs (types)
50. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
research design
mode
histogram
T-test