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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
Validity (+types)
Z-scores
Construct validity
Meta-analysis
2. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Projective tests (+types)
Scientific approach
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
mental age
3. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Mean IQ
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
median
Lewis Terman
4. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Item analysis (reliability)
Alpha levels
One-way ANOVA
independent variable
5. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
cross-sectional design
Demand characteristic
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Learn the shape of different distributions
6. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Objective tests (+types)
quasi-experimental design
social desirability
Face validity
7. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Item analysis (reliability)
Draw-A-Person Test
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
ratio variables
8. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Content validity
Experimental design
research design
Julian Rotter
9. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Julian Rotter
Vocational tests
bar graph
cohort effect
10. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Internal validity
cross-sectional design
Hawthorne effect
Learn the shape of different distributions
11. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
range
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Word Association Test
variance (calculation)
12. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Split-half reliability
mode
nominal variables
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
13. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Continuous data
Acquiescence
Robert Zajonc
statistically significant
14. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Internal validity
External validity (+types)
Learn the shape of different distributions
cross-sectional design
15. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
External validity (+types)
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Factorial analysis of variance
Construct validity
16. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
ratio variables
cohort-sequential design
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Reactance
17. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
standard error of mean
range
nominal variables
Standard normal distributions
18. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Alpha levels
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Type I and II errors
Reactance
19. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
random sampling
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Type I and II errors
20. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Demand characteristic
Test-retest reliability
Type I and II errors
Projective tests (+types)
21. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Population & related
double-blind experiment
Face validity
22. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Two-way ANOVA
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Factorial analysis of variance
23. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
standard deviation (calculation)
Domain-referenced tests
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Field study
24. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Z-scores
placebo effect
Alfred Binet
Validity (+types)
25. Knowing how to do something
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Aptitude tests
Fluid intelligence
placebo effect
26. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
stratified sampling
range
ratio variables
percentiles
27. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
placebo
Null hypothesis
IQ Binet'S equation
dependent variable
28. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
Projective tests (+types)
Split-half reliability
ratio variables
Variability
29. Knowing a fact
cross-sectional design
Robert Zajonc
Crystallized intelligence
Selective attrition
30. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Cross validation
Rorschach Inkblot Test
variance (calculation)
T-test
31. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
frequency polygon
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
dependent variable
IQ Binet'S equation
32. Process in testing concurrent validity
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Cross validation
Reactance
33. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Concurrent validity
confounding variable
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Spearman r correlation coefficient
34. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
quasi-experimental design
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Null hypothesis
double-blind experiment
35. For children 4-6
Item analysis (reliability)
Field study
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
T-score
36. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
Illusory correlation
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Content validity
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
37. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
dependent variable
mental age
Reactance
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
38. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Mean IQ
Illusory correlation
Projective tests (+types)
Test-retest reliability
39. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Anne Anastasi
IQ Binet'S equation
Intelligence
Lewis Terman
40. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
ratio variables
Lewis Terman
stratified sampling
histogram
41. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Reliability (+types)
Aptitude tests
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
cohort-sequential design
42. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
variance and standard deviation
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
nominal variables
interval variables
43. The most frequently occurring value
Illusory correlation
mode
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Inferential statistics
44. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Alpha levels
mode
Criterion-referenced tests
statistically significant
45. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
One-way ANOVA
Selective attrition
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
46. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
variance and standard deviation
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
mental age
Field study
47. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Statistical regression
Two-way ANOVA
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
48. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
placebo effect
placebo
Internal validity
predictive value
49. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Projective tests (+types)
ratio variables
Concurrent validity
50. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Content validity
Vocational tests
Correlational relationships
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske