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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis






2. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






3. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






4. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






5. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






6. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






7. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






8. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted






9. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions






10. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






11. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






12. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep






13. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






14. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






15. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence






16. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






17. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






18. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






19. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






20. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






21. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






22. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove






23. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






24. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






25. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person






26. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory






27. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






28. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






29. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face






30. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






31. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16

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32. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






33. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






34. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution






35. How the score are spread out overall






36. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






37. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions






38. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences






39. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






40. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






41. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






42. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






43. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed






44. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






45. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test






46. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






47. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






48. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






49. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






50. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half