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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






2. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






3. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






4. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)






5. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period






6. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






7. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






8. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing






9. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






10. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






11. How the score are spread out overall






12. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






13. For children 4-6






14. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality






15. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






16. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






17. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier






18. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






19. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution






20. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






21. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






22. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






23. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






24. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






25. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






26. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






27. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






28. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






29. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






30. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






31. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






32. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






33. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






34. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






35. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






36. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






37. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






38. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






39. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it






40. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted






41. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc






42. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






43. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






44. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






45. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






46. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






47. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






48. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






49. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






50. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field