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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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2. The most frequently occurring value
Word Association Test
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Item analysis (reliability)
mode
3. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Discrete data
Validity (+types)
mental age
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
4. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
within subject
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
frequency polygon
Demand characteristic
5. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
Split-half reliability
One-way ANOVA
F-scale or F-ratio
Internal validity
6. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
within subject
placebo effect
Acquiescence
Continuous data
7. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Anne Anastasi
variance and standard deviation
Construct validity
8. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Lewis Terman
Mean IQ
nominal variables
Nonequivalent control group
9. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Hawthorne effect
frequency polygon
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Experimenter bias
10. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Achievement tests
Graphs (types)
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Concurrent validity
11. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
T-test
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
cross-sectional design
Lie detector tests
12. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Projective tests (+types)
One-way ANOVA
Meta-analysis
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
13. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
F-scale or F-ratio
Type I and II errors
Learn the shape of different distributions
14. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Learn the shape of different distributions
ordinal variables
Julian Rotter
15. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Intelligence
Crystallized intelligence
Illusory correlation
16. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Reliability (+types)
Alfred Binet
percentiles
double-blind experiment
17. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Internal validity
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Standard normal distributions
18. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Intelligence
Criterion-referenced tests
quasi-experimental design
Experimental design
19. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
cross-sectional design
Construct validity
Fluid intelligence
Experimenter bias
20. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
Chi-square test
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Q-sort/measure
Word Association Test
21. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
Lewis Terman
independent variable
Walter Mischel
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
22. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
cohort-sequential design
Standard normal distributions
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Experimental design
23. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
stratified sampling
Correlational relationships
Lie detector tests
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
24. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
percentiles
statistically significant
IQ Binet'S equation
Field study
25. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
quasi-experimental design
research design
independent variable
T-score
26. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
between subject
Content validity
variance and standard deviation
median
27. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
statistically significant
Variability
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
statistics
28. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Criterion-referenced tests
Curvilinear relationship
mode
generalizability
29. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Curvilinear relationship
percentiles
T-score
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
30. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Chi-square test
Factorial analysis of variance
Mean IQ
within subject
31. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Alfred Binet
ANOVA/analysis of variance
standard deviation (calculation)
Acquiescence
32. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
cross-sectional design
histogram
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Meta-analysis
33. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
Field study
Standard normal distributions
IQ Binet'S equation
Charles Spearmen
34. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
Objective tests (+types)
Meta-analysis
Intelligence
Selective attrition
35. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Reactance
Acquiescence
median
standard error of mean
36. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
quasi-experimental design
Fluid intelligence
placebo
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
37. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
One-way ANOVA
Q-sort/measure
Spearman r correlation coefficient
confounding variable
38. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Standard normal distributions
within subject
dependent variable
Face validity
39. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
interval variables
Reliability (+types)
Criterion-referenced tests
Objective tests (+types)
40. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
Objective tests (+types)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Criterion-referenced tests
Domain-referenced tests
41. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Content validity
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Statistical regression
Julian Rotter
42. How the score are spread out overall
Variability
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
within subject
Illusory correlation
43. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
Null hypothesis
Discrete data
Pearson r correlation coefficient
ordinal variables
44. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
One-way ANOVA
Internal validity
Mean IQ
Lewis Terman
45. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Type I and II errors
Q-sort/measure
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Standard normal distributions
46. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Factorial analysis of variance
generalizability
Nonequivalent control group
47. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Face validity
normal distribution(+characteristic)
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
48. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Experimental design
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Criterion-referenced tests
49. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Linear regression
placebo effect
frequency polygon
50. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Learn the shape of different distributions
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
T-test
median