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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Reliability (+types)
stratified sampling
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
2. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Selective attrition
dependent variable
Demand characteristic
Spearman r correlation coefficient
3. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
within subject
Validity (+types)
Lie detector tests
Vocational tests
4. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Correlational relationships
Hawthorne effect
Two-way ANOVA
Construct validity
5. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Null hypothesis
Reliability (+types)
variance (calculation)
cohort effect
6. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
One-way ANOVA
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
research design
Experimental design
7. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Spearman r correlation coefficient
External validity (+types)
Lie detector tests
placebo effect
8. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
Reactance
Test-retest reliability
Hawthorne effect
double-blind experiment
9. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
ratio variables
Word Association Test
External validity (+types)
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
10. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Alfred Binet
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Cross validation
11. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Continuous data
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Draw-A-Person Test
Cross validation
12. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
histogram
F-scale or F-ratio
Julian Rotter
T-score
13. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
cohort effect
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
External validity (+types)
Julian Rotter
14. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
median
Content validity
standard deviation (calculation)
placebo
15. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
T-score
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Alfred Binet
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
16. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
statistics
Charles Spearmen
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Statistical regression
17. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Learn the shape of different distributions
Alpha levels
Lie detector tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
18. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Frequency distributions (+variables)
ordinal variables
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
cross-sectional design
19. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Experimenter bias
Concurrent validity
Projective tests (+types)
Discrete data
20. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Mean IQ
Experimenter bias
variance and standard deviation
histogram
21. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Nonequivalent control group
Z-scores
range
Anne Anastasi
22. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
Face validity
median
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Mean IQ
23. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
Selective attrition
Demand characteristic
generalizability
standard deviation (calculation)
24. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Discrete data
Achievement tests
Projective tests (+types)
predictive value
25. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Longitudinal design
generalizability
median
26. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Statistical regression
cohort-sequential design
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
random sampling
27. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
cohort effect
Two-way ANOVA
Spearman r correlation coefficient
variance and standard deviation
28. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
Q-sort/measure
Nonequivalent control group
Fluid intelligence
within subject
29. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Draw-A-Person Test
Test-retest reliability
F-scale or F-ratio
Reliability (+types)
30. Used most commonly on standardized test
Linear regression
Domain-referenced tests
Criterion-referenced tests
percentiles
31. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
median
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
confounding variable
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
32. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
Illusory correlation
Correlational relationships
Reliability (+types)
Meta-analysis
33. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
Longitudinal design
Face validity
mode
cross-sectional design
34. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
quasi-experimental design
Vocational tests
Draw-A-Person Test
cohort effect
35. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Demand characteristic
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
36. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
Crystallized intelligence
statistics
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
dependent variable
37. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Inferential statistics
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Factorial analysis of variance
38. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
Q-sort/measure
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
social desirability
Frequency distributions (+variables)
39. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Validity (+types)
standard error of mean
cohort-sequential design
Test-retest reliability
40. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Julian Rotter
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
between subject
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
41. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
research design
placebo effect
External validity (+types)
Lewis Terman
42. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
Field study
Item analysis (reliability)
between subject
Construct validity
43. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
percentiles
Robert Zajonc
Illusory correlation
standard error of mean
44. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
Split-half reliability
Descriptive statistics (+types)
independent variable
confounding variable
45. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Concurrent validity
Word Association Test
ratio variables
Chi-square test
46. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
F-scale or F-ratio
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Word Association Test
Criterion-referenced tests
47. Knowing a fact
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
T-score
Crystallized intelligence
Longitudinal design
48. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
histogram
mode
ordinal variables
Reactance
49. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Lewis Terman
Type I and II errors
T-test
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
50. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Fluid intelligence
Lewis Terman
confounding variable
nominal variables
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