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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used most commonly on standardized test






2. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






3. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






4. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






5. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






6. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






7. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






8. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent






9. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature






10. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






11. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






12. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing






13. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






14. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence






15. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests






16. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






17. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






18. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world






19. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it






20. The most frequently occurring value






21. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






22. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






23. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






24. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






25. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






26. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






27. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






28. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






29. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






30. For children 6-16






31. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






32. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






33. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






34. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






35. For children 4-6






36. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






37. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






38. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






39. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






40. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






41. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured






42. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






43. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






44. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






45. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions






46. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






47. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc






48. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds






49. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






50. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable