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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






2. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






3. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






4. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






5. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






6. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality






7. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






8. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






9. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






10. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






11. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






12. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution






13. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






14. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






15. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






16. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






17. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






18. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






19. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






20. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






21. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






22. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






23. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






24. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






25. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement






26. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






27. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






28. Knowing a fact






29. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning






30. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






31. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it






32. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






33. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






34. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests






35. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






36. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






37. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






38. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






39. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






40. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






41. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






42. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






43. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






44. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






45. How the score are spread out overall






46. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






47. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






48. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






49. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






50. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group