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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Charles Spearmen
Construct validity
standard error of mean
cross-sectional design
2. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
frequency polygon
Objective tests (+types)
research design
3. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
within subject
stratified sampling
quasi-experimental design
Lie detector tests
4. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once
Word Association Test
standard error of mean
Test-retest reliability
Alpha levels
5. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Linear regression
Selective attrition
Two-way ANOVA
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
6. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Inferential statistics
Graphs (types)
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Standard normal distributions
7. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
histogram
double-blind experiment
Vocational tests
placebo effect
8. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Anne Anastasi
Construct validity
Julian Rotter
Frequency distributions (+variables)
9. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Correlational relationships
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
between subject
Test-retest reliability
10. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
within subject
social desirability
Correlational relationships
11. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
T-test
Achievement tests
median
12. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
double-blind experiment
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
interval variables
13. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Field study
Statistical regression
Inferential statistics
IQ Binet'S equation
14. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Nonequivalent control group
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
double-blind experiment
15. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
social desirability
Longitudinal design
nominal variables
cross-sectional design
16. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Chi-square test
Spearman r correlation coefficient
IQ Binet'S equation
cohort effect
17. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Nonequivalent control group
T-test
nominal variables
Internal validity
18. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
IQ Binet'S equation
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
statistics
dependent variable
19. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
placebo effect
Julian Rotter
IQ Binet'S equation
T-test
20. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Curvilinear relationship
Type I and II errors
Cross validation
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
21. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
standard deviation (calculation)
research design
Acquiescence
Alpha levels
22. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
One-way ANOVA
Domain-referenced tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
23. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Draw-A-Person Test
percentiles
Type I and II errors
Reactance
24. Knowing a fact
Construct validity
Longitudinal design
Crystallized intelligence
range
25. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
Objective tests (+types)
frequency polygon
Crystallized intelligence
Internal validity
26. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
double-blind experiment
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Hawthorne effect
Variability
27. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Longitudinal design
predictive value
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Type I and II errors
28. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
Null hypothesis
cohort effect
variance (calculation)
Robert Zajonc
29. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Charles Spearmen
Experimenter bias
Factorial analysis of variance
median
30. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Type I and II errors
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Linear regression
Acquiescence
31. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Aptitude tests
Correlational relationships
Internal validity
32. For children 6-16
Item analysis (reliability)
Illusory correlation
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
random sampling
33. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
Rorschach Inkblot Test
percentiles
Field study
Statistical regression
34. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Statistical regression
frequency polygon
Item analysis (reliability)
Correlational relationships
35. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
mental age
Standard normal distributions
Meta-analysis
Lewis Terman
36. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
percentiles
Experimenter bias
Alfred Binet
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
37. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
confounding variable
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
double-blind experiment
38. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
histogram
Graphs (types)
Reliability (+types)
Standard normal distributions
39. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
histogram
Construct validity
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
40. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
Construct validity
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Charles Spearmen
41. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Achievement tests
Statistical regression
research design
Standard normal distributions
42. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Discrete data
Type I and II errors
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Variability
43. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Reactance
Validity (+types)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Concurrent validity
44. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Two-way ANOVA
mental age
Inferential statistics
45. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
cohort-sequential design
Concurrent validity
Robert Zajonc
research design
46. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Mean IQ
Population & related
Longitudinal design
Draw-A-Person Test
47. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
interval variables
External validity (+types)
T-test
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
48. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Objective tests (+types)
Vocational tests
Continuous data
Charles Spearmen
49. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
confounding variable
histogram
Population & related
50. How the score are spread out overall
Linear regression
Variability
Learn the shape of different distributions
placebo effect