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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Fluid intelligence
Item analysis (reliability)
Lie detector tests
Factorial analysis of variance
2. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
External validity (+types)
Word Association Test
F-scale or F-ratio
predictive value
3. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Statistical regression
Acquiescence
Validity (+types)
percentiles
4. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
research design
mental age
Meta-analysis
Linear regression
5. How the score are spread out overall
Q-sort/measure
Variability
Charles Spearmen
Learn the shape of different distributions
6. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
placebo effect
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Construct validity
Q-sort/measure
7. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Objective tests (+types)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Vocational tests
cohort effect
8. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
cross-sectional design
T-score
9. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Discrete data
Reliability (+types)
10. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
social desirability
Alpha levels
ordinal variables
Concurrent validity
11. Process in testing concurrent validity
Cross validation
Projective tests (+types)
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
12. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Charles Spearmen
Domain-referenced tests
Two-way ANOVA
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
13. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Nonequivalent control group
bar graph
interval variables
14. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
Statistical regression
cohort-sequential design
T-test
between subject
15. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
Alpha levels
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Item analysis (reliability)
independent variable
16. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
T-test
Robert Zajonc
Correlational relationships
Field study
17. Knowing how to do something
confounding variable
Fluid intelligence
standard error of mean
social desirability
18. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
placebo
dependent variable
Variability
Continuous data
19. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Item analysis (reliability)
Inferential statistics
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
confounding variable
20. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Aptitude tests
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
statistics
Lewis Terman
21. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Demand characteristic
Julian Rotter
stratified sampling
placebo
22. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
standard deviation (calculation)
ratio variables
generalizability
Alpha levels
23. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Longitudinal design
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
standard error of mean
predictive value
24. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Hawthorne effect
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Reactance
Experimental design
25. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Alfred Binet
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
frequency polygon
26. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Reliability (+types)
frequency polygon
Curvilinear relationship
Projective tests (+types)
27. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
statistically significant
Anne Anastasi
28. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Chi-square test
statistics
Continuous data
Q-sort/measure
29. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
Null hypothesis
mental age
T-test
Mean IQ
30. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
standard error of mean
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Fluid intelligence
ratio variables
31. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Learn the shape of different distributions
Internal validity
Population & related
32. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
between subject
predictive value
Vocational tests
histogram
33. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
T-score
Alpha levels
predictive value
Two-way ANOVA
34. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Mean IQ
Word Association Test
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
35. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Lewis Terman
Construct validity
mental age
Intelligence
36. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
Reliability (+types)
Mean IQ
Linear regression
predictive value
37. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
Linear regression
statistics
frequency polygon
T-test
38. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Intelligence
statistics
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
variance and standard deviation
39. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Statistical regression
Walter Mischel
Nonequivalent control group
40. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Demand characteristic
Factorial analysis of variance
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Projective tests (+types)
41. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Selective attrition
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
range
within subject
42. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Anne Anastasi
Rosenthal effect
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Nonequivalent control group
43. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
nominal variables
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Intelligence
44. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
Longitudinal design
Standard normal distributions
Continuous data
histogram
45. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Two-way ANOVA
variance (calculation)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
standard error of mean
46. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Z-scores
47. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Experimenter bias
Statistical regression
placebo
48. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
dependent variable
stratified sampling
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
49. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Acquiescence
Cross validation
Lie detector tests
Lewis Terman
50. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
Objective tests (+types)
Inferential statistics
range
histogram