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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






2. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






3. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






4. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






5. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it






6. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






7. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






8. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






9. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






10. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






11. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






12. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






13. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






14. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






15. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment






16. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






17. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






18. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






19. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






20. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






21. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






22. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






23. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






24. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier






25. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






26. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period






27. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






28. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






29. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






30. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






31. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove






32. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






33. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution






34. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






35. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it






36. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






37. How the score are spread out overall






38. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






39. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






40. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured






41. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






42. For children 4-6






43. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






44. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






45. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






46. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world






47. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory






48. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






49. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






50. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s