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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






2. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






3. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






4. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






5. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






6. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution






7. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






8. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






9. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






10. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face






11. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it






12. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






13. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






14. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






15. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face






16. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






17. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






18. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%






19. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






20. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






21. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






22. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






23. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






24. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






25. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement






26. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






27. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence






28. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






29. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






30. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






31. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16

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32. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent






33. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted






34. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






35. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






36. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






37. For children 6-16






38. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample






39. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






40. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences






41. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






42. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






43. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






44. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






45. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality






46. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning






47. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






48. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






49. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






50. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)