SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not
T-test
Two-way ANOVA
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Rosenthal effect
2. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
interval variables
Domain-referenced tests
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
cohort effect
3. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
T-score
Alpha levels
Curvilinear relationship
normal distribution(+characteristic)
4. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
T-test
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Statistical regression
placebo effect
5. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
Illusory correlation
External validity (+types)
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Null hypothesis
6. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
ordinal variables
histogram
IQ Binet'S equation
T-score
7. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Variability
F-scale or F-ratio
bar graph
8. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Chi-square test
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
9. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
quasi-experimental design
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Validity (+types)
10. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
cohort effect
placebo effect
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
11. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Inferential statistics
placebo
Face validity
Rorschach Inkblot Test
12. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Z-scores
T-test
IQ Binet'S equation
standard error of mean
13. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Robert Zajonc
Longitudinal design
ordinal variables
Scientific approach
14. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Intelligence
cohort effect
Null hypothesis
Reliability (+types)
15. The most frequently occurring value
mode
Correlational relationships
quasi-experimental design
random sampling
16. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
Scientific approach
External validity (+types)
One-way ANOVA
Reliability (+types)
17. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
T-test
mode
dependent variable
18. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Graphs (types)
Word Association Test
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
19. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
percentiles
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
range
Reactance
20. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
statistics
Domain-referenced tests
One-way ANOVA
Experimenter bias
21. For children 4-6
Q-sort/measure
ordinal variables
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Draw-A-Person Test
22. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Robert Zajonc
Chi-square test
predictive value
Split-half reliability
23. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
cross-sectional design
Concurrent validity
Two-way ANOVA
placebo
24. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
dependent variable
Standard normal distributions
nominal variables
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
25. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
Item analysis (reliability)
frequency polygon
mental age
Rosenthal effect
26. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Achievement tests
placebo effect
Rosenthal effect
27. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Illusory correlation
IQ Binet'S equation
28. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Internal validity
29. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Demand characteristic
Construct validity
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
cross-sectional design
30. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
Objective tests (+types)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
quasi-experimental design
Learn the shape of different distributions
31. Process in testing concurrent validity
Cross validation
Construct validity
cohort-sequential design
Achievement tests
32. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
cohort effect
Standard normal distributions
Experimental design
Pearson r correlation coefficient
33. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
range
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Population & related
Nonequivalent control group
34. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Reliability (+types)
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
35. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
predictive value
Achievement tests
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Learn the shape of different distributions
36. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Alpha levels
Population & related
double-blind experiment
37. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Field study
Concurrent validity
Chi-square test
Inferential statistics
38. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
histogram
within subject
Inferential statistics
Mean IQ
39. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Alpha levels
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Construct validity
Aptitude tests
40. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
Split-half reliability
random sampling
histogram
Cross validation
41. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Selective attrition
Linear regression
Demand characteristic
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
42. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Variability
Chi-square test
Factorial analysis of variance
variance and standard deviation
43. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
research design
double-blind experiment
Cross validation
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
44. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
cohort-sequential design
Lewis Terman
Fluid intelligence
Longitudinal design
45. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Face validity
Field study
Internal validity
placebo
46. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Demand characteristic
nominal variables
Crystallized intelligence
Graphs (types)
47. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Crystallized intelligence
Intelligence
Content validity
statistics
48. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Projective tests (+types)
Rosenthal effect
Chi-square test
49. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
External validity (+types)
Julian Rotter
Scientific approach
random sampling
50. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Content validity
standard deviation (calculation)
Null hypothesis