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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






2. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






3. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






4. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier






5. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






6. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






7. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






8. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






9. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






10. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






11. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






12. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






13. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






14. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample






15. For children 4-6






16. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






17. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






18. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






19. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






20. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






21. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






22. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






23. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






24. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






25. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment






26. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing






27. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






28. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality






29. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






30. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






31. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






32. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






33. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'






34. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution






35. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16

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36. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






37. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






38. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






39. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






40. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






41. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






42. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind






43. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






44. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period






45. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






46. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






47. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc






48. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






49. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






50. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough