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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Correlational relationships
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Face validity
Statistical regression
2. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Correlational relationships
frequency polygon
histogram
3. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Selective attrition
interval variables
histogram
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
4. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
cross-sectional design
Reliability (+types)
social desirability
Julian Rotter
5. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Charles Spearmen
Mean IQ
Linear regression
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
6. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Statistical regression
generalizability
bar graph
7. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
confounding variable
percentiles
Anne Anastasi
standard deviation (calculation)
8. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Illusory correlation
T-test
Cross validation
T-score
9. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Field study
Split-half reliability
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Nonequivalent control group
10. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
T-test
Mean IQ
predictive value
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
11. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Alfred Binet
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Objective tests (+types)
12. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
placebo effect
Factorial analysis of variance
Statistical regression
13. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Word Association Test
Lie detector tests
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
nominal variables
14. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
generalizability
Inferential statistics
Anne Anastasi
quasi-experimental design
15. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Acquiescence
median
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Criterion-referenced tests
16. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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17. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Experimental design
Descriptive statistics (+types)
predictive value
18. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Concurrent validity
Factorial analysis of variance
bar graph
19. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
percentiles
standard error of mean
interval variables
20. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Split-half reliability
Robert Zajonc
21. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Chi-square test
ratio variables
placebo effect
cohort effect
22. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Longitudinal design
predictive value
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
23. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
Curvilinear relationship
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Anne Anastasi
Linear regression
24. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Curvilinear relationship
Variability
Content validity
Acquiescence
25. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
stratified sampling
Projective tests (+types)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
normal distribution(+characteristic)
26. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
Curvilinear relationship
variance and standard deviation
Objective tests (+types)
mental age
27. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Illusory correlation
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Split-half reliability
Correlational relationships
28. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
One-way ANOVA
Experimenter bias
Graphs (types)
Hawthorne effect
29. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Crystallized intelligence
Learn the shape of different distributions
Word Association Test
Population & related
30. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
Population & related
Meta-analysis
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
cross-sectional design
31. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
range
Content validity
Achievement tests
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
32. Knowing a fact
Standard normal distributions
Crystallized intelligence
Validity (+types)
Rosenthal effect
33. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
Meta-analysis
Julian Rotter
confounding variable
ratio variables
34. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Anne Anastasi
Vocational tests
confounding variable
interval variables
35. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Robert Zajonc
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Internal validity
ratio variables
36. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
cohort-sequential design
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Meta-analysis
Alfred Binet
37. How the score are spread out overall
Content validity
placebo
Longitudinal design
Variability
38. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once
Test-retest reliability
Illusory correlation
Julian Rotter
Charles Spearmen
39. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Scientific approach
Graphs (types)
statistics
predictive value
40. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Intelligence
range
Discrete data
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
41. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
Mean IQ
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
External validity (+types)
range
42. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
bar graph
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Learn the shape of different distributions
43. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Experimental design
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
independent variable
Selective attrition
44. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Draw-A-Person Test
Aptitude tests
Criterion-referenced tests
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
45. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Experimenter bias
nominal variables
histogram
46. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
Z-scores
Hawthorne effect
ordinal variables
placebo
47. Used most commonly on standardized test
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Experimental design
percentiles
Charles Spearmen
48. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
interval variables
Standard normal distributions
Construct validity
Fluid intelligence
49. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
normal distribution(+characteristic)
generalizability
histogram
bar graph
50. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
research design
independent variable
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)