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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Criterion-referenced tests
Field study
ordinal variables
Meta-analysis
2. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
Discrete data
Scientific approach
Reliability (+types)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
3. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Rosenthal effect
Scientific approach
cohort effect
Objective tests (+types)
4. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Content validity
Q-sort/measure
variance and standard deviation
Julian Rotter
5. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
random sampling
Objective tests (+types)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
between subject
6. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
Reactance
Julian Rotter
Z-scores
Fluid intelligence
7. Used most commonly on standardized test
Factorial analysis of variance
percentiles
Alfred Binet
Fluid intelligence
8. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
generalizability
Alpha levels
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
standard deviation (calculation)
9. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Walter Mischel
Experimental design
Curvilinear relationship
Two-way ANOVA
10. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Two-way ANOVA
One-way ANOVA
median
11. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
standard error of mean
Longitudinal design
Face validity
Alfred Binet
12. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Concurrent validity
Intelligence
ANOVA/analysis of variance
generalizability
13. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
within subject
frequency polygon
Objective tests (+types)
interval variables
14. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
Learn the shape of different distributions
Curvilinear relationship
F-scale or F-ratio
cross-sectional design
15. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Acquiescence
Discrete data
Curvilinear relationship
ratio variables
16. The most frequently occurring value
Longitudinal design
Crystallized intelligence
F-scale or F-ratio
mode
17. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
Vocational tests
histogram
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
dependent variable
18. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
Learn the shape of different distributions
One-way ANOVA
dependent variable
range
19. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
variance and standard deviation
Criterion-referenced tests
social desirability
Experimental design
20. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
bar graph
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Rorschach Inkblot Test
ordinal variables
21. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Continuous data
stratified sampling
Q-sort/measure
22. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Reactance
Q-sort/measure
Vocational tests
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
23. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Reliability (+types)
quasi-experimental design
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
24. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
standard error of mean
quasi-experimental design
between subject
25. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
Illusory correlation
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Inferential statistics
Learn the shape of different distributions
26. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Linear regression
Test-retest reliability
stratified sampling
Julian Rotter
27. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Factorial analysis of variance
Alpha levels
Split-half reliability
Aptitude tests
28. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
interval variables
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
T-score
29. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
Mean IQ
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Domain-referenced tests
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
30. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Acquiescence
ratio variables
standard error of mean
between subject
31. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
cross-sectional design
Charles Spearmen
Hawthorne effect
Reliability (+types)
32. Process in testing concurrent validity
dependent variable
Cross validation
External validity (+types)
mode
33. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
One-way ANOVA
Domain-referenced tests
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
34. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
bar graph
research design
Reactance
35. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
Linear regression
External validity (+types)
quasi-experimental design
Charles Spearmen
36. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Cross validation
quasi-experimental design
Lie detector tests
nominal variables
37. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Field study
within subject
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
IQ Binet'S equation
38. For children 4-6
Internal validity
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Achievement tests
Lie detector tests
39. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Reactance
cohort-sequential design
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
40. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
median
variance (calculation)
within subject
Frequency distributions (+variables)
41. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Achievement tests
Reactance
quasi-experimental design
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
42. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Construct validity
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Anne Anastasi
43. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Correlational relationships
between subject
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
44. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Statistical regression
Descriptive statistics (+types)
range
Population & related
45. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
T-test
Construct validity
Descriptive statistics (+types)
standard error of mean
46. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
social desirability
Draw-A-Person Test
One-way ANOVA
ratio variables
47. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
research design
Selective attrition
standard deviation (calculation)
48. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Validity (+types)
Content validity
confounding variable
variance and standard deviation
49. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Experimenter bias
External validity (+types)
percentiles
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
50. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Concurrent validity
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Intelligence