SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
Internal validity
One-way ANOVA
Type I and II errors
bar graph
2. For children 6-16
Z-scores
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
random sampling
3. Knowing how to do something
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Acquiescence
Mean IQ
Fluid intelligence
4. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Graphs (types)
Lewis Terman
Cross validation
5. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
confounding variable
Illusory correlation
Curvilinear relationship
within subject
6. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Lewis Terman
Item analysis (reliability)
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Charles Spearmen
7. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Reliability (+types)
Anne Anastasi
Reactance
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
8. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
independent variable
Type I and II errors
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Intelligence
9. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Alfred Binet
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Illusory correlation
10. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Content validity
Factorial analysis of variance
Hawthorne effect
research design
11. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Linear regression
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Null hypothesis
Curvilinear relationship
12. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
Learn the shape of different distributions
One-way ANOVA
Fluid intelligence
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
13. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Robert Zajonc
Vocational tests
standard deviation (calculation)
14. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
cross-sectional design
quasi-experimental design
T-score
Frequency distributions (+variables)
15. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Word Association Test
Inferential statistics
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
random sampling
16. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
Fluid intelligence
between subject
frequency polygon
Rorschach Inkblot Test
17. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Chi-square test
18. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Walter Mischel
T-score
Crystallized intelligence
Two-way ANOVA
19. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Domain-referenced tests
percentiles
Criterion-referenced tests
Spearman r correlation coefficient
20. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Variability
Cross validation
Continuous data
ratio variables
21. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
Scientific approach
Crystallized intelligence
nominal variables
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
22. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
ordinal variables
Construct validity
Test-retest reliability
Achievement tests
23. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Internal validity
Alfred Binet
mode
24. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
ordinal variables
double-blind experiment
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Continuous data
25. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
IQ Binet'S equation
Z-scores
Walter Mischel
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
26. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
Concurrent validity
dependent variable
placebo effect
confounding variable
27. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
28. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
statistically significant
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Item analysis (reliability)
cohort-sequential design
29. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Acquiescence
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Factorial analysis of variance
histogram
30. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
dependent variable
Experimenter bias
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Alfred Binet
31. Used most commonly on standardized test
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Two-way ANOVA
Robert Zajonc
percentiles
32. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Curvilinear relationship
Experimenter bias
Projective tests (+types)
33. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
predictive value
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
mental age
34. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
median
Longitudinal design
nominal variables
Population & related
35. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Content validity
research design
Experimental design
Walter Mischel
36. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Hawthorne effect
T-test
Alpha levels
bar graph
37. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
variance (calculation)
placebo effect
Acquiescence
38. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
generalizability
between subject
Continuous data
Internal validity
39. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
F-scale or F-ratio
stratified sampling
Robert Zajonc
normal distribution(+characteristic)
40. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
Item analysis (reliability)
Z-scores
Concurrent validity
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
41. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not
Criterion-referenced tests
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Intelligence
42. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Criterion-referenced tests
Discrete data
Robert Zajonc
43. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Illusory correlation
Robert Zajonc
variance (calculation)
Internal validity
44. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
quasi-experimental design
Graphs (types)
predictive value
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
45. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
double-blind experiment
Illusory correlation
random sampling
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
46. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
confounding variable
External validity (+types)
Hawthorne effect
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
47. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
between subject
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Reactance
Spearman r correlation coefficient
48. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Meta-analysis
Standard normal distributions
double-blind experiment
Demand characteristic
49. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Nonequivalent control group
Null hypothesis
Word Association Test
ANOVA/analysis of variance
50. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Internal validity
standard error of mean
ratio variables
Crystallized intelligence