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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Inferential statistics
Acquiescence
median
Concurrent validity
2. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
Internal validity
bar graph
range
Standard normal distributions
3. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
mental age
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Projective tests (+types)
4. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
percentiles
Validity (+types)
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Vocational tests
5. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
Charles Spearmen
External validity (+types)
Field study
Criterion-referenced tests
6. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Factorial analysis of variance
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
placebo effect
ordinal variables
7. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
placebo
Q-sort/measure
predictive value
T-test
8. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not
Anne Anastasi
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Julian Rotter
Standard normal distributions
9. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
F-scale or F-ratio
Cross validation
histogram
Spearman r correlation coefficient
10. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
statistically significant
dependent variable
Draw-A-Person Test
Construct validity
11. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Experimenter bias
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Concurrent validity
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
12. The most frequently occurring value
Null hypothesis
nominal variables
Rorschach Inkblot Test
mode
13. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
predictive value
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Meta-analysis
social desirability
14. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Intelligence
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
generalizability
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
15. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Q-sort/measure
variance and standard deviation
median
cohort-sequential design
16. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
mode
Construct validity
Mean IQ
Validity (+types)
17. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Construct validity
variance (calculation)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
histogram
18. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation
Correlational relationships
Domain-referenced tests
Type I and II errors
Split-half reliability
19. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
dependent variable
Null hypothesis
Variability
Pearson r correlation coefficient
20. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
standard error of mean
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
percentiles
normal distribution(+characteristic)
21. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
nominal variables
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
research design
Criterion-referenced tests
22. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Z-scores
median
Walter Mischel
Alpha levels
23. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Content validity
independent variable
generalizability
24. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
F-scale or F-ratio
social desirability
Correlational relationships
Linear regression
25. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Intelligence
social desirability
Criterion-referenced tests
Population & related
26. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
between subject
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Experimenter bias
27. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
mental age
Concurrent validity
Type I and II errors
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
28. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Item analysis (reliability)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
quasi-experimental design
Graphs (types)
29. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Learn the shape of different distributions
predictive value
Crystallized intelligence
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
30. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Aptitude tests
Meta-analysis
Field study
Rorschach Inkblot Test
31. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Population & related
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Anne Anastasi
32. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Discrete data
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
33. Knowing a fact
Crystallized intelligence
Alpha levels
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
placebo
34. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Field study
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
nominal variables
Experimental design
35. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
generalizability
Domain-referenced tests
Q-sort/measure
Continuous data
36. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
double-blind experiment
Concurrent validity
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Word Association Test
37. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
Mean IQ
mental age
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
research design
38. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
Hawthorne effect
Variability
percentiles
Two-way ANOVA
39. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Achievement tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
40. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
generalizability
Pearson r correlation coefficient
independent variable
Lewis Terman
41. For children 4-6
Linear regression
Curvilinear relationship
Statistical regression
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
42. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Acquiescence
ratio variables
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
43. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Reactance
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Lie detector tests
Content validity
44. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
Illusory correlation
double-blind experiment
Variability
mental age
45. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Reactance
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Vocational tests
Field study
46. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
Aptitude tests
Item analysis (reliability)
generalizability
Graphs (types)
47. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
interval variables
random sampling
standard deviation (calculation)
Nonequivalent control group
48. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Experimenter bias
research design
Charles Spearmen
Internal validity
49. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Curvilinear relationship
Learn the shape of different distributions
Aptitude tests
Construct validity
50. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Internal validity
Discrete data
median
Mean IQ