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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






2. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences






3. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






4. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






5. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






6. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






7. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






8. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period






9. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






10. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent






11. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)






12. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






13. Process in testing concurrent validity






14. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






15. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






16. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






17. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers






18. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






19. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






20. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning






21. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






22. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






23. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






24. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






25. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world






26. Knowing how to do something






27. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






28. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






29. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






30. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory






31. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






32. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






33. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






34. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






35. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






36. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






37. The most frequently occurring value






38. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






39. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution






40. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






41. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






42. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions






43. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed






44. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






45. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






46. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured






47. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






48. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






49. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






50. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms