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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






2. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






3. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






4. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






5. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






6. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment






7. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






8. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






9. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






10. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






11. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence






12. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






13. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier






14. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'






15. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






16. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






17. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






18. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable






19. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






20. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove






21. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






22. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution






23. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






24. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






25. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






26. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






27. Knowing how to do something






28. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






29. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






30. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face






31. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






32. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






33. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






34. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






35. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






36. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






37. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






38. Process in testing concurrent validity






39. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






40. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






41. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds






42. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions






43. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






44. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






45. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature






46. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person






47. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind






48. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






49. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






50. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status