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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






2. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






3. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world






4. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






5. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






6. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






7. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






8. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






9. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






10. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






11. Knowing how to do something






12. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






13. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






14. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






15. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them






16. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






17. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person






18. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured






19. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






20. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






21. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






22. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions






23. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






24. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






25. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






26. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






27. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






28. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






29. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






30. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






31. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






32. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






33. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






34. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






35. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






36. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






37. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






38. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






39. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted






40. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






41. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove






42. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






43. For children 4-6






44. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






45. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






46. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






47. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






48. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






49. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






50. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)