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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used most commonly on standardized test
social desirability
Variability
percentiles
One-way ANOVA
2. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Alfred Binet
Statistical regression
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
mode
3. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Alpha levels
Word Association Test
Alfred Binet
4. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
cohort effect
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Internal validity
5. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Word Association Test
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Discrete data
ordinal variables
6. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
T-test
bar graph
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
External validity (+types)
7. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
standard error of mean
variance and standard deviation
range
cross-sectional design
8. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Scientific approach
statistics
Population & related
independent variable
9. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
independent variable
Aptitude tests
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Population & related
10. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
Population & related
histogram
One-way ANOVA
Crystallized intelligence
11. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Mean IQ
Reactance
research design
12. Knowing how to do something
Fluid intelligence
standard error of mean
Variability
External validity (+types)
13. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Q-sort/measure
Chi-square test
placebo effect
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
14. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Internal validity
Spearman r correlation coefficient
variance (calculation)
Robert Zajonc
15. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
External validity (+types)
dependent variable
Word Association Test
Aptitude tests
16. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Vocational tests
standard deviation (calculation)
double-blind experiment
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
17. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
placebo
Projective tests (+types)
Longitudinal design
18. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
placebo effect
generalizability
Learn the shape of different distributions
Charles Spearmen
19. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Experimenter bias
Frequency distributions (+variables)
nominal variables
statistics
20. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Two-way ANOVA
double-blind experiment
Inferential statistics
Acquiescence
21. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
predictive value
T-score
Spearman r correlation coefficient
22. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Crystallized intelligence
quasi-experimental design
23. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
double-blind experiment
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Projective tests (+types)
confounding variable
24. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
double-blind experiment
mental age
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Meta-analysis
25. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
mental age
Variability
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Field study
26. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Factorial analysis of variance
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Graphs (types)
Demand characteristic
27. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
Standard normal distributions
Alfred Binet
variance (calculation)
between subject
28. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Null hypothesis
Concurrent validity
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Factorial analysis of variance
29. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Word Association Test
Domain-referenced tests
Factorial analysis of variance
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
30. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Item analysis (reliability)
dependent variable
External validity (+types)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
31. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Crystallized intelligence
variance and standard deviation
social desirability
histogram
32. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Rosenthal effect
independent variable
standard deviation (calculation)
variance (calculation)
33. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Content validity
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Experimental design
34. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
median
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
35. For children 4-6
variance (calculation)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Walter Mischel
Two-way ANOVA
36. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Anne Anastasi
Fluid intelligence
interval variables
37. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
cohort-sequential design
Rosenthal effect
Meta-analysis
Statistical regression
38. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Type I and II errors
variance (calculation)
39. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Longitudinal design
standard deviation (calculation)
Hawthorne effect
interval variables
40. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Fluid intelligence
Lewis Terman
Hawthorne effect
cross-sectional design
41. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Longitudinal design
histogram
statistics
Statistical regression
42. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Criterion-referenced tests
Meta-analysis
placebo effect
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
43. The most frequently occurring value
Item analysis (reliability)
Concurrent validity
Continuous data
mode
44. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
social desirability
Acquiescence
standard error of mean
research design
45. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
F-scale or F-ratio
between subject
Q-sort/measure
Lie detector tests
46. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
Illusory correlation
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Robert Zajonc
47. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
Reactance
Aptitude tests
range
bar graph
48. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
Nonequivalent control group
Experimenter bias
One-way ANOVA
social desirability
49. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Field study
cohort effect
Concurrent validity
Word Association Test
50. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Alfred Binet
F-scale or F-ratio
Criterion-referenced tests
median