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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






2. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






3. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution






4. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






5. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






6. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face






7. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






8. For children 4-6






9. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






10. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing






11. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






12. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






13. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






14. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






15. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






16. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






17. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






18. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






19. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






20. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






21. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






22. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove






23. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






24. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






25. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






26. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






27. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face






28. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






29. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






30. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed






31. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






32. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






33. How the score are spread out overall






34. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






35. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






36. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent






37. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable






38. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






39. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






40. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence






41. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






42. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






43. For children 6-16






44. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






45. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






46. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






47. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






48. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds






49. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind






50. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions