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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Content validity
F-scale or F-ratio
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Chi-square test
2. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Statistical regression
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
T-test
quasi-experimental design
3. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
T-test
social desirability
Robert Zajonc
Projective tests (+types)
4. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
predictive value
social desirability
Curvilinear relationship
Learn the shape of different distributions
5. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Linear regression
Concurrent validity
Graphs (types)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
6. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
nominal variables
Mean IQ
Crystallized intelligence
Experimental design
7. Used most commonly on standardized test
percentiles
Scientific approach
social desirability
Alpha levels
8. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
Learn the shape of different distributions
T-score
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
generalizability
9. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Anne Anastasi
Construct validity
placebo
One-way ANOVA
10. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Experimenter bias
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
range
median
11. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
T-score
Demand characteristic
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
quasi-experimental design
12. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Cross validation
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Z-scores
13. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
External validity (+types)
mental age
Q-sort/measure
ordinal variables
14. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Aptitude tests
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
percentiles
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
15. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Experimental design
Continuous data
Fluid intelligence
independent variable
16. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Experimental design
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Acquiescence
17. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Anne Anastasi
Pearson r correlation coefficient
Nonequivalent control group
F-scale or F-ratio
18. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Achievement tests
Julian Rotter
Concurrent validity
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
19. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Continuous data
Walter Mischel
Anne Anastasi
Content validity
20. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
Discrete data
Continuous data
independent variable
percentiles
21. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
independent variable
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
22. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
random sampling
Null hypothesis
Item analysis (reliability)
Correlational relationships
23. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Construct validity
Field study
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Meta-analysis
24. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Robert Zajonc
T-score
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
25. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
Face validity
Mean IQ
T-test
cohort effect
26. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Julian Rotter
standard error of mean
Field study
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
27. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Validity (+types)
Hawthorne effect
Selective attrition
Curvilinear relationship
28. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
predictive value
double-blind experiment
Mean IQ
social desirability
29. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Factorial analysis of variance
Alfred Binet
Scientific approach
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
30. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Crystallized intelligence
social desirability
Vocational tests
interval variables
31. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Vocational tests
Longitudinal design
frequency polygon
32. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
Vocational tests
stratified sampling
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
33. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
predictive value
Split-half reliability
Meta-analysis
Content validity
34. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Charles Spearmen
Longitudinal design
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Construct validity
35. Knowing a fact
Z-scores
Crystallized intelligence
dependent variable
double-blind experiment
36. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
placebo
predictive value
Item analysis (reliability)
stratified sampling
37. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Learn the shape of different distributions
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
variance (calculation)
38. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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39. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Demand characteristic
cohort effect
Fluid intelligence
Q-sort/measure
40. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
variance and standard deviation
random sampling
Objective tests (+types)
bar graph
41. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
One-way ANOVA
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
T-score
Graphs (types)
42. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Selective attrition
placebo effect
Julian Rotter
ANOVA/analysis of variance
43. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Population & related
Reactance
Word Association Test
44. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Continuous data
Anne Anastasi
percentiles
45. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Chi-square test
Mean IQ
Internal validity
Curvilinear relationship
46. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
research design
Fluid intelligence
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Intelligence
47. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
Concurrent validity
Graphs (types)
ratio variables
ordinal variables
48. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
histogram
Acquiescence
Selective attrition
49. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Selective attrition
generalizability
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Chi-square test
50. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
research design
Intelligence
Z-scores
Acquiescence