SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Reactance
cohort effect
ratio variables
Anne Anastasi
2. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
random sampling
variance (calculation)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
3. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
double-blind experiment
Linear regression
Scientific approach
between subject
4. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
cohort-sequential design
confounding variable
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Statistical regression
5. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
statistically significant
Factorial analysis of variance
dependent variable
nominal variables
6. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
Continuous data
variance (calculation)
Robert Zajonc
cohort effect
7. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
histogram
dependent variable
stratified sampling
Word Association Test
8. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Statistical regression
Charles Spearmen
histogram
median
9. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Factorial analysis of variance
Objective tests (+types)
Meta-analysis
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
10. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach
Inferential statistics
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Curvilinear relationship
cohort-sequential design
11. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Robert Zajonc
range
between subject
Content validity
12. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Reliability (+types)
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Experimenter bias
Pearson r correlation coefficient
13. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Field study
Demand characteristic
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Correlational relationships
14. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
percentiles
Aptitude tests
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
ordinal variables
15. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Statistical regression
Longitudinal design
Discrete data
Selective attrition
16. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Reactance
generalizability
Word Association Test
17. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
interval variables
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Julian Rotter
Inferential statistics
18. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Concurrent validity
Projective tests (+types)
Population & related
Objective tests (+types)
19. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Statistical regression
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Longitudinal design
IQ Binet'S equation
20. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable
normal distribution(+characteristic)
mental age
Anne Anastasi
Rorschach Inkblot Test
21. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Cross validation
statistically significant
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
22. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
independent variable
Z-scores
23. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
variance (calculation)
T-test
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
nominal variables
24. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
Scientific approach
standard error of mean
ordinal variables
Factorial analysis of variance
25. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
frequency polygon
Continuous data
independent variable
Mean IQ
26. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Linear regression
Acquiescence
social desirability
mode
27. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
Validity (+types)
quasi-experimental design
Standard normal distributions
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
28. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
between subject
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Achievement tests
Intelligence
29. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
mental age
Lie detector tests
double-blind experiment
30. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Crystallized intelligence
Longitudinal design
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Validity (+types)
31. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
predictive value
Selective attrition
Hawthorne effect
range
32. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Test-retest reliability
Anne Anastasi
Split-half reliability
33. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
quasi-experimental design
Anne Anastasi
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
34. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Lie detector tests
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Alpha levels
Chi-square test
35. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Content validity
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Split-half reliability
Word Association Test
36. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Demand characteristic
Lewis Terman
Experimenter bias
cross-sectional design
37. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Reactance
dependent variable
Statistical regression
cross-sectional design
38. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Intelligence
T-test
Two-way ANOVA
variance (calculation)
39. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Two-way ANOVA
Scientific approach
Anne Anastasi
Lie detector tests
40. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
IQ Binet'S equation
Charles Spearmen
frequency polygon
T-test
41. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Validity (+types)
Fluid intelligence
placebo
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
42. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Population & related
Charles Spearmen
Reliability (+types)
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
43. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
Intelligence
Meta-analysis
Population & related
One-way ANOVA
44. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
Acquiescence
Nonequivalent control group
between subject
Crystallized intelligence
45. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Reactance
quasi-experimental design
Null hypothesis
46. Used most commonly on standardized test
Draw-A-Person Test
Correlational relationships
standard deviation (calculation)
percentiles
47. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Q-sort/measure
Content validity
Factorial analysis of variance
within subject
48. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Draw-A-Person Test
random sampling
Mean IQ
49. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
social desirability
placebo effect
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Lewis Terman
50. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Alfred Binet
Julian Rotter
Variability