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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Chi-square test
quasi-experimental design
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
variance and standard deviation
2. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Julian Rotter
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Test-retest reliability
Fluid intelligence
3. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Test-retest reliability
Experimenter bias
Two-way ANOVA
Meta-analysis
4. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Population & related
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
frequency polygon
5. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Internal validity
Charles Spearmen
Alfred Binet
Frequency distributions (+variables)
6. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Lewis Terman
Fluid intelligence
ratio variables
ordinal variables
7. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
T-score
Achievement tests
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
8. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
placebo effect
variance (calculation)
placebo
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
9. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Nonequivalent control group
stratified sampling
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Spearman r correlation coefficient
10. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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11. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
placebo
Demand characteristic
nominal variables
Alpha levels
12. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
range
Face validity
Graphs (types)
Nonequivalent control group
13. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Vocational tests
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
mental age
14. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
T-score
mental age
between subject
Robert Zajonc
15. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Reliability (+types)
Demand characteristic
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Acquiescence
16. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
Achievement tests
random sampling
variance and standard deviation
social desirability
17. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Graphs (types)
Q-sort/measure
Acquiescence
18. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
statistically significant
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Type I and II errors
bar graph
19. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
ratio variables
standard deviation (calculation)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
20. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
Criterion-referenced tests
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
quasi-experimental design
Vocational tests
21. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Reactance
Content validity
Continuous data
cohort effect
22. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
External validity (+types)
Chi-square test
Word Association Test
Walter Mischel
23. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Inferential statistics
Vocational tests
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Statistical regression
24. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
predictive value
Standard normal distributions
within subject
variance and standard deviation
25. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
One-way ANOVA
Experimental design
interval variables
bar graph
26. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
confounding variable
Learn the shape of different distributions
placebo
27. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction
standard error of mean
cross-sectional design
Vocational tests
T-score
28. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Item analysis (reliability)
generalizability
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
social desirability
29. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
placebo effect
ordinal variables
30. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Vocational tests
median
predictive value
Hawthorne effect
31. For children 4-6
Criterion-referenced tests
generalizability
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Achievement tests
32. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
confounding variable
Robert Zajonc
Rorschach Inkblot Test
33. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Type I and II errors
Anne Anastasi
Graphs (types)
34. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Selective attrition
Frequency distributions (+variables)
histogram
Lie detector tests
35. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Achievement tests
Walter Mischel
External validity (+types)
36. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
interval variables
Content validity
Population & related
37. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
dependent variable
histogram
cohort-sequential design
Item analysis (reliability)
38. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Fluid intelligence
Word Association Test
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Acquiescence
39. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
Item analysis (reliability)
T-test
between subject
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
40. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Null hypothesis
Nonequivalent control group
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
41. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Lie detector tests
between subject
Lewis Terman
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
42. Process in testing concurrent validity
Split-half reliability
ratio variables
Cross validation
nominal variables
43. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
Learn the shape of different distributions
Scientific approach
Field study
ordinal variables
44. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
Learn the shape of different distributions
Concurrent validity
dependent variable
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
45. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
variance (calculation)
Experimental design
ordinal variables
Curvilinear relationship
46. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Walter Mischel
Chi-square test
Face validity
47. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Cross validation
Construct validity
Content validity
Inferential statistics
48. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Null hypothesis
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Validity (+types)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
49. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Discrete data
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Content validity
Walter Mischel
50. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Alpha levels
Demand characteristic
Acquiescence
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory