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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






2. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable






3. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






4. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






5. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






6. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






7. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






8. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






9. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






10. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






11. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)






12. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






13. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test






14. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions






15. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






16. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






17. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






18. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person






19. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






20. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






21. How the score are spread out overall






22. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






23. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






24. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






25. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






26. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






27. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests






28. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






29. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






30. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






31. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






32. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






33. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






34. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution






35. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions






36. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






37. For children 6-16






38. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






39. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world






40. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






41. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






42. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






43. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind






44. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






45. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






46. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






47. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






48. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured






49. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement






50. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set