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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Concurrent validity
Lie detector tests
Walter Mischel
2. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
Criterion-referenced tests
Concurrent validity
Z-scores
predictive value
3. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
percentiles
frequency polygon
Construct validity
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
4. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Achievement tests
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
normal distribution(+characteristic)
placebo
5. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
histogram
Concurrent validity
Crystallized intelligence
Illusory correlation
6. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Face validity
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Illusory correlation
7. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Cross validation
placebo effect
Curvilinear relationship
Type I and II errors
8. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Cross validation
Q-sort/measure
standard deviation (calculation)
Graphs (types)
9. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Field study
Test-retest reliability
frequency polygon
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
10. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
histogram
double-blind experiment
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Population & related
11. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Longitudinal design
Nonequivalent control group
Illusory correlation
Inferential statistics
12. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
External validity (+types)
Mean IQ
cohort-sequential design
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
13. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
nominal variables
Linear regression
Field study
14. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
standard error of mean
random sampling
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Criterion-referenced tests
15. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Rosenthal effect
cohort effect
independent variable
Pearson r correlation coefficient
16. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
Criterion-referenced tests
Robert Zajonc
stratified sampling
Discrete data
17. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Meta-analysis
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Domain-referenced tests
Word Association Test
18. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
Content validity
Chi-square test
bar graph
ordinal variables
19. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
independent variable
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Z-scores
20. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
variance (calculation)
ordinal variables
Discrete data
Type I and II errors
21. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Chi-square test
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
quasi-experimental design
22. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Standard normal distributions
Z-scores
median
Walter Mischel
23. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Hawthorne effect
Construct validity
Longitudinal design
Content validity
24. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Lewis Terman
T-score
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
25. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Fluid intelligence
variance and standard deviation
Split-half reliability
Domain-referenced tests
26. How the score are spread out overall
Z-scores
T-score
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Variability
27. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
bar graph
Content validity
Mean IQ
28. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
Chi-square test
Test-retest reliability
interval variables
statistics
29. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Illusory correlation
confounding variable
Split-half reliability
Alpha levels
30. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
IQ Binet'S equation
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
independent variable
range
31. For children 4-6
Illusory correlation
generalizability
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
32. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
standard deviation (calculation)
ratio variables
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
33. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not
Q-sort/measure
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
range
Projective tests (+types)
34. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
dependent variable
Reliability (+types)
independent variable
Robert Zajonc
35. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
cohort effect
Linear regression
36. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Robert Zajonc
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Discrete data
37. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Content validity
T-score
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
38. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Meta-analysis
Null hypothesis
Crystallized intelligence
39. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Test-retest reliability
statistics
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Correlational relationships
40. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
research design
Linear regression
Concurrent validity
quasi-experimental design
41. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Experimental design
median
Correlational relationships
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
42. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Factorial analysis of variance
F-scale or F-ratio
quasi-experimental design
43. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
standard deviation (calculation)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Word Association Test
statistics
44. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
standard error of mean
Draw-A-Person Test
Graphs (types)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
45. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
mental age
Walter Mischel
cohort effect
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
46. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
nominal variables
Demand characteristic
Meta-analysis
median
47. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
predictive value
Q-sort/measure
Objective tests (+types)
48. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
range
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Construct validity
49. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Acquiescence
quasi-experimental design
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
placebo
50. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once
Inferential statistics
Test-retest reliability
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test