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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
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gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
variance (calculation)
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Achievement tests
placebo effect
2. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Item analysis (reliability)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Illusory correlation
3. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
Discrete data
variance (calculation)
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
double-blind experiment
4. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
Inferential statistics
Illusory correlation
Factorial analysis of variance
Split-half reliability
5. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
ratio variables
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Robert Zajonc
Pearson r correlation coefficient
6. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
histogram
ordinal variables
Aptitude tests
External validity (+types)
7. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
Acquiescence
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Correlational relationships
Standard normal distributions
8. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
double-blind experiment
Validity (+types)
statistics
Type I and II errors
9. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
Fluid intelligence
Concurrent validity
Word Association Test
External validity (+types)
10. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
quasi-experimental design
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Experimental design
11. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
placebo
Criterion-referenced tests
stratified sampling
Aptitude tests
12. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Walter Mischel
13. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
stratified sampling
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
F-scale or F-ratio
14. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
Standard normal distributions
interval variables
predictive value
cross-sectional design
15. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Intelligence
Criterion-referenced tests
Learn the shape of different distributions
Hawthorne effect
16. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
quasi-experimental design
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
variance and standard deviation
17. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Face validity
Lewis Terman
research design
18. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
interval variables
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Two-way ANOVA
Population & related
19. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
Z-scores
Selective attrition
social desirability
Criterion-referenced tests
20. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Discrete data
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Statistical regression
Projective tests (+types)
21. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
IQ Binet'S equation
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Domain-referenced tests
22. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
range
Reliability (+types)
Objective tests (+types)
One-way ANOVA
23. The most frequently occurring value
Criterion-referenced tests
mode
Correlational relationships
Cross validation
24. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
Aptitude tests
interval variables
Null hypothesis
confounding variable
25. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Type I and II errors
Robert Zajonc
Reactance
Julian Rotter
26. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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27. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Acquiescence
Robert Zajonc
Aptitude tests
28. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
Field study
Experimental design
Meta-analysis
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
29. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
variance and standard deviation
IQ Binet'S equation
Learn the shape of different distributions
cohort-sequential design
30. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field
Content validity
Validity (+types)
Vocational tests
External validity (+types)
31. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Hawthorne effect
Draw-A-Person Test
Crystallized intelligence
Meta-analysis
32. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Mean IQ
Factorial analysis of variance
quasi-experimental design
Internal validity
33. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
F-scale or F-ratio
One-way ANOVA
Experimenter bias
T-test
34. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
Discrete data
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
bar graph
standard error of mean
35. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Q-sort/measure
Frequency distributions (+variables)
stratified sampling
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
36. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
histogram
Factorial analysis of variance
predictive value
Domain-referenced tests
37. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
statistics
cohort effect
Acquiescence
range
38. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
F-scale or F-ratio
interval variables
Charles Spearmen
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
39. For children 6-16
Mean IQ
mode
standard deviation (calculation)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
40. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
quasi-experimental design
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
standard error of mean
41. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
statistics
standard error of mean
quasi-experimental design
Acquiescence
42. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
placebo
Internal validity
Experimental design
43. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Lie detector tests
percentiles
standard deviation (calculation)
Rosenthal effect
44. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Draw-A-Person Test
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
cohort effect
standard error of mean
45. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Reliability (+types)
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Projective tests (+types)
Intelligence
46. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Face validity
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Discrete data
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
47. Knowing how to do something
mental age
random sampling
Fluid intelligence
Face validity
48. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
placebo effect
Domain-referenced tests
ratio variables
Crystallized intelligence
49. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Projective tests (+types)
cohort effect
Mean IQ
Meta-analysis
50. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Face validity
Longitudinal design
confounding variable
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
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