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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Two-way ANOVA
Item analysis (reliability)
Internal validity
Julian Rotter
2. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
quasi-experimental design
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
3. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
quasi-experimental design
Julian Rotter
Experimental design
Discrete data
4. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
ratio variables
stratified sampling
Frequency distributions (+variables)
variance and standard deviation
5. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
standard deviation (calculation)
cross-sectional design
Aptitude tests
6. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Null hypothesis
Charles Spearmen
placebo effect
Lewis Terman
7. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
within subject
Domain-referenced tests
dependent variable
Objective tests (+types)
8. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
Robert Zajonc
cohort effect
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Population & related
9. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Field study
Draw-A-Person Test
Meta-analysis
10. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist
Null hypothesis
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Longitudinal design
One-way ANOVA
11. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Scientific approach
nominal variables
Demand characteristic
Linear regression
12. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
frequency polygon
One-way ANOVA
variance (calculation)
13. Knowing how to do something
Selective attrition
Inferential statistics
Fluid intelligence
Type I and II errors
14. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Illusory correlation
Achievement tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Split-half reliability
15. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
quasi-experimental design
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Demand characteristic
Draw-A-Person Test
16. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
research design
Nonequivalent control group
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
normal distribution(+characteristic)
17. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
cross-sectional design
Rosenthal effect
research design
Spearman r correlation coefficient
18. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Hawthorne effect
Alfred Binet
Item analysis (reliability)
Factorial analysis of variance
19. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
One-way ANOVA
T-score
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Content validity
20. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
F-scale or F-ratio
Graphs (types)
Discrete data
Content validity
21. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
frequency polygon
mode
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
22. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Spearman r correlation coefficient
T-score
Selective attrition
Test-retest reliability
23. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Lewis Terman
Item analysis (reliability)
generalizability
Intelligence
24. Process in testing concurrent validity
stratified sampling
Cross validation
Charles Spearmen
Graphs (types)
25. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
Q-sort/measure
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Population & related
Objective tests (+types)
26. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Anne Anastasi
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Lie detector tests
Demand characteristic
27. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
interval variables
Continuous data
Learn the shape of different distributions
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
28. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Rosenthal effect
Content validity
Reliability (+types)
statistically significant
29. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Aptitude tests
variance (calculation)
Reactance
Construct validity
30. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
generalizability
One-way ANOVA
31. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
cohort effect
ordinal variables
Domain-referenced tests
Reliability (+types)
32. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
confounding variable
double-blind experiment
ordinal variables
Reliability (+types)
33. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Anne Anastasi
Curvilinear relationship
Vocational tests
Rosenthal effect
34. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Variability
Two-way ANOVA
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
35. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
placebo effect
normal distribution(+characteristic)
variance (calculation)
Domain-referenced tests
36. The most frequently occurring value
Word Association Test
quasi-experimental design
stratified sampling
mode
37. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
One-way ANOVA
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
38. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Reactance
Longitudinal design
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Graphs (types)
39. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
Nonequivalent control group
T-test
Two-way ANOVA
Split-half reliability
40. For children 4-6
placebo
Nonequivalent control group
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Hawthorne effect
41. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
median
Experimental design
Rosenthal effect
42. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
interval variables
Curvilinear relationship
random sampling
standard deviation (calculation)
43. How the score are spread out overall
random sampling
Frequency distributions (+variables)
within subject
Variability
44. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
generalizability
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
T-test
Test-retest reliability
45. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Reliability (+types)
Internal validity
Variability
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
46. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Item analysis (reliability)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
percentiles
47. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
within subject
range
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Achievement tests
48. Used most commonly on standardized test
percentiles
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Mean IQ
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
49. For children 6-16
One-way ANOVA
Charles Spearmen
Rosenthal effect
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
50. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
ratio variables
Julian Rotter
Walter Mischel
Draw-A-Person Test
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