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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Face validity
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Crystallized intelligence
Lewis Terman
2. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Acquiescence
Mean IQ
Two-way ANOVA
Construct validity
3. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
range
research design
variance (calculation)
Anne Anastasi
4. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
quasi-experimental design
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Meta-analysis
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
5. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
F-scale or F-ratio
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
ordinal variables
ANOVA/analysis of variance
6. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
histogram
predictive value
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Longitudinal design
7. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
standard error of mean
Experimenter bias
statistics
double-blind experiment
8. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Reactance
Walter Mischel
interval variables
9. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
Spearman r correlation coefficient
quasi-experimental design
Objective tests (+types)
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
10. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Reactance
Word Association Test
Learn the shape of different distributions
mental age
11. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
Correlational relationships
Anne Anastasi
Robert Zajonc
bar graph
12. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
random sampling
Illusory correlation
dependent variable
cohort effect
13. The most frequently occurring value
mode
Experimenter bias
confounding variable
Intelligence
14. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Two-way ANOVA
15. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
median
random sampling
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Linear regression
16. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Concurrent validity
Aptitude tests
Split-half reliability
Criterion-referenced tests
17. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
within subject
Concurrent validity
Inferential statistics
quasi-experimental design
18. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Nonequivalent control group
Field study
Longitudinal design
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
19. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Chi-square test
Item analysis (reliability)
Correlational relationships
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
20. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Scientific approach
Linear regression
Anne Anastasi
Fluid intelligence
21. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
Linear regression
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
22. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Z-scores
Continuous data
Linear regression
23. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Meta-analysis
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Split-half reliability
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
24. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
stratified sampling
Curvilinear relationship
Z-scores
Face validity
25. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
nominal variables
research design
Reliability (+types)
Experimental design
26. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Item analysis (reliability)
cohort-sequential design
Hawthorne effect
T-test
27. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Reliability (+types)
Projective tests (+types)
28. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
statistically significant
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Learn the shape of different distributions
Lie detector tests
29. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Robert Zajonc
Criterion-referenced tests
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
random sampling
30. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
Illusory correlation
Domain-referenced tests
normal distribution(+characteristic)
F-scale or F-ratio
31. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
Acquiescence
F-scale or F-ratio
stratified sampling
placebo
32. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Split-half reliability
Rosenthal effect
Reactance
Achievement tests
33. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Acquiescence
Alpha levels
Anne Anastasi
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
34. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
social desirability
Standard normal distributions
Variability
Word Association Test
35. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
research design
Type I and II errors
Mean IQ
Anne Anastasi
36. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
cross-sectional design
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Experimenter bias
histogram
37. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
ordinal variables
Z-scores
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
double-blind experiment
38. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Charles Spearmen
Demand characteristic
Graphs (types)
statistics
39. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Mean IQ
Robert Zajonc
standard error of mean
placebo effect
40. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
Aptitude tests
Validity (+types)
Inferential statistics
Descriptive statistics (+types)
41. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
T-test
Alfred Binet
Z-scores
Item analysis (reliability)
42. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Achievement tests
median
random sampling
Internal validity
43. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
IQ Binet'S equation
random sampling
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Validity (+types)
44. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
statistics
research design
mental age
histogram
45. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
One-way ANOVA
46. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
research design
Standard normal distributions
predictive value
47. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
social desirability
quasi-experimental design
placebo effect
Draw-A-Person Test
48. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
median
Learn the shape of different distributions
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
variance and standard deviation
49. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
within subject
variance and standard deviation
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
confounding variable
50. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Aptitude tests
Field study
Inferential statistics
confounding variable