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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment






2. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






3. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






4. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16

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5. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds






6. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






7. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






8. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






9. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






10. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






11. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






12. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






13. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






14. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






15. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test






16. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






17. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences






18. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






19. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory






20. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






21. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






22. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution






23. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable






24. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






25. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






26. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






27. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






28. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






29. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






30. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






31. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






32. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






33. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them






34. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






35. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






36. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis






37. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)






38. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample






39. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






40. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






41. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions






42. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






43. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing






44. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






45. Process in testing concurrent validity






46. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






47. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






48. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






49. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






50. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by