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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






2. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






3. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






4. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






5. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






6. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution






7. For children 4-6






8. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc






9. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






10. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






11. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






12. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






13. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)






14. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed






15. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






16. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






17. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






18. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them






19. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






20. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






21. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent






22. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






23. Used most commonly on standardized test






24. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






25. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






26. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






27. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






28. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






29. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






30. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






31. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable






32. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






33. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






34. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






35. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






36. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






37. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality






38. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none






39. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






40. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured






41. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution






42. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






43. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)






44. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






45. For children 6-16






46. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






47. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






48. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






49. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers






50. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)