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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






2. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it






3. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






4. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory






5. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






6. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






7. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance






8. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






9. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






10. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






11. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity






12. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature






13. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face






14. The most frequently occurring value






15. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






16. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






17. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






18. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






19. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






20. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






21. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






22. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






23. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






24. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






25. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






26. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data






27. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






28. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






29. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






30. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence






31. Knowing how to do something






32. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning






33. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






34. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






35. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group






36. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






37. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






38. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing






39. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






40. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






41. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






42. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%






43. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






44. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier






45. For children 4-6






46. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






47. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






48. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






49. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'






50. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'







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