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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Knowing how to do something
Fluid intelligence
Domain-referenced tests
quasi-experimental design
Pearson r correlation coefficient
2. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Mean IQ
Statistical regression
Meta-analysis
Validity (+types)
3. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
variance (calculation)
Aptitude tests
Experimenter bias
Acquiescence
4. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process
ordinal variables
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Selective attrition
Concurrent validity
5. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Face validity
Acquiescence
Q-sort/measure
6. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Concurrent validity
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
7. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
percentiles
dependent variable
Continuous data
generalizability
8. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Lie detector tests
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
T-score
9. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
Objective tests (+types)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
range
10. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Crystallized intelligence
Achievement tests
Content validity
Julian Rotter
11. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
One-way ANOVA
social desirability
External validity (+types)
variance and standard deviation
12. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Anne Anastasi
quasi-experimental design
Z-scores
13. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Construct validity
quasi-experimental design
Linear regression
Acquiescence
14. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Criterion-referenced tests
Experimental design
range
Cross validation
15. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
dependent variable
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
nominal variables
16. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Crystallized intelligence
Illusory correlation
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Meta-analysis
17. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
histogram
placebo
Experimenter bias
18. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once
Concurrent validity
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Test-retest reliability
nominal variables
19. How the score are spread out overall
Split-half reliability
Field study
Reactance
Variability
20. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
Julian Rotter
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
F-scale or F-ratio
21. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Reliability (+types)
Crystallized intelligence
Spearman r correlation coefficient
dependent variable
22. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Longitudinal design
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
generalizability
23. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
histogram
quasi-experimental design
Split-half reliability
independent variable
24. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Test-retest reliability
Rosenthal effect
statistically significant
25. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation
Correlational relationships
Alfred Binet
generalizability
Julian Rotter
26. The most frequently occurring value
Projective tests (+types)
Experimental design
Factorial analysis of variance
mode
27. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Reliability (+types)
Experimental design
Spearman r correlation coefficient
28. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Word Association Test
Robert Zajonc
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Reliability (+types)
29. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
Population & related
mental age
double-blind experiment
Q-sort/measure
30. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
External validity (+types)
range
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
bar graph
31. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
mode
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Mean IQ
32. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Curvilinear relationship
Projective tests (+types)
33. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
Graphs (types)
Z-scores
standard deviation (calculation)
Cross validation
34. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
between subject
Field study
bar graph
median
35. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
Projective tests (+types)
ordinal variables
within subject
Null hypothesis
36. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Graphs (types)
Two-way ANOVA
Vocational tests
Population & related
37. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
cohort-sequential design
Experimental design
Nonequivalent control group
Factorial analysis of variance
38. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
Crystallized intelligence
Objective tests (+types)
Alfred Binet
nominal variables
39. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
T-score
Meta-analysis
percentiles
40. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Validity (+types)
Reliability (+types)
Curvilinear relationship
Descriptive statistics (+types)
41. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
Demand characteristic
placebo
frequency polygon
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
42. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not
generalizability
Linear regression
placebo effect
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
43. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Internal validity
Continuous data
Graphs (types)
Achievement tests
44. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
T-score
standard deviation (calculation)
interval variables
Graphs (types)
45. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Item analysis (reliability)
independent variable
within subject
46. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Nonequivalent control group
Illusory correlation
Intelligence
Aptitude tests
47. Inactive substance or condition disguised as a treatment substance or condition - used to form control group
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
placebo
External validity (+types)
Robert Zajonc
48. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
generalizability
variance (calculation)
predictive value
49. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
variance (calculation)
within subject
Longitudinal design
Charles Spearmen
50. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
Learn the shape of different distributions
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Experimental design
Reactance