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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Discrete data
Selective attrition
percentiles
statistics
2. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
range
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Intelligence
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
3. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
Alpha levels
Null hypothesis
One-way ANOVA
double-blind experiment
4. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
Criterion-referenced tests
ordinal variables
Reactance
Learn the shape of different distributions
5. Knowing a fact
T-score
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Crystallized intelligence
6. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Experimenter bias
median
ratio variables
7. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
independent variable
Graphs (types)
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
8. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
variance (calculation)
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
9. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
predictive value
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
cohort effect
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
10. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Concurrent validity
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
standard error of mean
Domain-referenced tests
11. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once
median
Two-way ANOVA
Crystallized intelligence
percentiles
12. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
Lie detector tests
Variability
research design
External validity (+types)
13. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
mental age
Experimental design
Null hypothesis
14. Measure of fascism or authoritarian personality
Chi-square test
F-scale or F-ratio
Crystallized intelligence
T-score
15. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions
Item analysis (reliability)
stratified sampling
research design
Standard normal distributions
16. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Correlational relationships
independent variable
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
17. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
Linear regression
quasi-experimental design
ordinal variables
Nonequivalent control group
18. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Q-sort/measure
Construct validity
Rosenthal effect
Validity (+types)
19. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
confounding variable
20. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Lewis Terman
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Concurrent validity
21. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by
Test-retest reliability
variance (calculation)
Learn the shape of different distributions
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
22. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Illusory correlation
Aptitude tests
Two-way ANOVA
Word Association Test
23. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
between subject
Inferential statistics
Alfred Binet
T-test
24. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
nominal variables
F-scale or F-ratio
within subject
statistics
25. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Reliability (+types)
Nonequivalent control group
26. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Lie detector tests
External validity (+types)
Curvilinear relationship
27. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -
Standard normal distributions
Chi-square test
percentiles
Nonequivalent control group
28. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Hawthorne effect
nominal variables
Standard normal distributions
29. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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30. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)
Z-scores
predictive value
Alfred Binet
Criterion-referenced tests
31. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
within subject
bar graph
Standard normal distributions
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
32. The age level of a person'S functioning according to the IQ test
Reactance
dependent variable
mental age
Rosenthal effect
33. How the score are spread out overall
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Objective tests (+types)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Variability
34. For children 4-6
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
bar graph
double-blind experiment
35. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Content validity
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
Alpha levels
Hawthorne effect
36. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Statistical regression
Charles Spearmen
random sampling
stratified sampling
37. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
T-test
social desirability
F-scale or F-ratio
Projective tests (+types)
38. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
F-scale or F-ratio
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
39. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
Internal validity
placebo effect
Anne Anastasi
F-scale or F-ratio
40. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face
Charles Spearmen
F-scale or F-ratio
Validity (+types)
Word Association Test
41. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Internal validity
Reactance
quasi-experimental design
Robert Zajonc
42. Used most commonly on standardized test
variance and standard deviation
Aptitude tests
Scientific approach
percentiles
43. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling
random sampling
interval variables
Validity (+types)
Population & related
44. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
Statistical regression
One-way ANOVA
frequency polygon
mode
45. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement
Content validity
double-blind experiment
Acquiescence
Crystallized intelligence
46. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Experimenter bias
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Lewis Terman
Aptitude tests
47. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Correlational relationships
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
standard deviation (calculation)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
48. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Scientific approach
random sampling
Linear regression
Mean IQ
49. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)
Criterion-referenced tests
Type I and II errors
Experimental design
External validity (+types)
50. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
IQ Binet'S equation
Illusory correlation
Alpha levels
T-score