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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning






2. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






3. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






4. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant






5. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






6. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






7. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






8. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face






9. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups






10. Whether test items look like they measure the construct






11. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






12. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






13. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






14. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






15. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






16. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






17. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






18. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






19. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers






20. Knowing how to do something






21. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc






22. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent






23. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






24. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






25. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






26. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






27. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement






28. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






29. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






30. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






31. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set






32. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value






33. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






34. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






35. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






36. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






37. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale






38. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






39. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






40. Population --> sample/subgroup --> representative and unbiased --> achieved through random sampling --> if it'S not feasible - use convenience sampling instead or stratified sampling






41. The most frequently occurring value






42. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






43. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






44. Intelligence in relation to performance; pioneered development of psychometrics - 'no intelligence is culture-free'






45. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






46. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement






47. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






48. Process in testing concurrent validity






49. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






50. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis