SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
Reactance
stratified sampling
Draw-A-Person Test
Anne Anastasi
2. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
statistically significant
cross-sectional design
External validity (+types)
Curvilinear relationship
3. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
cohort effect
Linear regression
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Nonequivalent control group
4. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Crystallized intelligence
Anne Anastasi
Reliability (+types)
Criterion-referenced tests
5. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
Internal validity
within subject
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Reactance
6. Naturalistic setting - less control over environment than in lab; generates more hypotheses than able to prove
Field study
percentiles
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
research design
7. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
External validity (+types)
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Word Association Test
Vocational tests
8. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Two-way ANOVA
Intelligence
Word Association Test
cohort effect
9. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
within subject
Experimenter bias
ordinal variables
Experimental design
10. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Hawthorne effect
bar graph
Q-sort/measure
11. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face
Projective tests (+types)
External validity (+types)
Illusory correlation
placebo
12. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Z-scores
Reactance
mode
13. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters
Inferential statistics
Aptitude tests
ratio variables
Validity (+types)
14. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status
predictive value
statistically significant
Mean IQ
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
15. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
Charles Spearmen
Correlational relationships
Learn the shape of different distributions
cross-sectional design
16. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
dependent variable
Draw-A-Person Test
Face validity
confounding variable
17. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Alfred Binet
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Acquiescence
Reactance
18. Revised Binet scale to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale; also studied gifted children - those with higher IQs better adjusted
Lewis Terman
Alpha levels
percentiles
generalizability
19. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability
between subject
Descriptive statistics (+types)
mental age
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
20. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
within subject
Alfred Binet
Internal validity
21. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
median
Scientific approach
statistics
Statistical regression
22. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
External validity (+types)
Scientific approach
Internal validity
Alfred Binet
23. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Reliability (+types)
Draw-A-Person Test
Curvilinear relationship
24. Knowing a fact
Acquiescence
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Test-retest reliability
Crystallized intelligence
25. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
independent variable
frequency polygon
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Fluid intelligence
26. Attempt to measure less-defined properties (e.g. intelligence) - check for reliability and validity
confounding variable
Domain-referenced tests
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
27. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Acquiescence
Continuous data
Rorschach Inkblot Test
28. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
Content validity
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
interval variables
normal distribution(+characteristic)
29. Used most commonly on standardized test
random sampling
generalizability
Walter Mischel
percentiles
30. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship
statistically significant
Learn the shape of different distributions
Null hypothesis
Pearson r correlation coefficient
31. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
Factorial analysis of variance
standard error of mean
Longitudinal design
Internal validity
32. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Item analysis (reliability)
Scientific approach
cohort-sequential design
33. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Type I and II errors
predictive value
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Frequency distributions (+variables)
34. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Intelligence
Field study
Word Association Test
cohort effect
35. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
Meta-analysis
Charles Spearmen
Demand characteristic
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
36. Process in testing concurrent validity
One-way ANOVA
Cross validation
variance and standard deviation
cohort effect
37. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Objective tests (+types)
statistically significant
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
38. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
Q-sort/measure
IQ Binet'S equation
ANOVA/analysis of variance
generalizability
39. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors
Lewis Terman
between subject
Curvilinear relationship
Q-sort/measure
40. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
Word Association Test
random sampling
quasi-experimental design
percentiles
41. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
T-score
Statistical regression
Population & related
bar graph
42. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
predictive value
Q-sort/measure
frequency polygon
Achievement tests
43. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Null hypothesis
Projective tests (+types)
Draw-A-Person Test
research design
44. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Construct validity
Test-retest reliability
histogram
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
45. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Walter Mischel
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Alfred Binet
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
46. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Selective attrition
placebo
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
bar graph
47. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
social desirability
Lie detector tests
Criterion-referenced tests
placebo effect
48. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Julian Rotter
Validity (+types)
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Statistical regression
49. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale
Demand characteristic
standard error of mean
Descriptive statistics (+types)
One-way ANOVA
50. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Julian Rotter
Curvilinear relationship
standard deviation (calculation)