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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Intelligence
Projective tests (+types)
Continuous data
random sampling
2. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
Demand characteristic
standard deviation (calculation)
social desirability
bar graph
3. Subjects alter behaviour because they are being observed
Discrete data
Reactance
Hawthorne effect
Linear regression
4. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Longitudinal design
Hawthorne effect
standard error of mean
5. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
within subject
Learn the shape of different distributions
6. Originally used with free association techniques; word called out - subject says next word in mind
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
Concurrent validity
Word Association Test
Reactance
7. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Inferential statistics
Draw-A-Person Test
mental age
Mean IQ
8. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist
Null hypothesis
Validity (+types)
Factorial analysis of variance
Face validity
9. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
ordinal variables
Population & related
Curvilinear relationship
Discrete data
10. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis
within subject
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Charles Spearmen
Split-half reliability
11. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
mode
between subject
nominal variables
variance (calculation)
12. When relationship inferred when there is none - ex: many people think there is a relationship between physical and personality characteristics - when evidence show there is none
Null hypothesis
Illusory correlation
Spearman r correlation coefficient
T-score
13. For even number of values in the set - take the average of the two middle value
stratified sampling
Acquiescence
median
Null hypothesis
14. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age
Robert Zajonc
Aptitude tests
ratio variables
standard error of mean
15. How the score are spread out overall
Variability
Face validity
Intelligence
variance and standard deviation
16. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
Selective attrition
Aptitude tests
T-test
Z-scores
17. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
standard deviation (calculation)
Charles Spearmen
Field study
frequency polygon
18. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Anne Anastasi
Population & related
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
ratio variables
19. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
Split-half reliability
ratio variables
Charles Spearmen
standard deviation (calculation)
20. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis
Frequency distributions (+variables)
statistically significant
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
21. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
histogram
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Construct validity
Domain-referenced tests
22. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
Domain-referenced tests
interval variables
confounding variable
Content validity
23. Cartoons in which one person is frustrating another; asked to describe how the frustrated person responds
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
random sampling
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
24. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
Scientific approach
Graphs (types)
Draw-A-Person Test
T-score
25. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
External validity (+types)
normal distribution(+characteristic)
IQ Binet'S equation
Content validity
26. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample
statistically significant
Domain-referenced tests
predictive value
random sampling
27. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes
range
Learn the shape of different distributions
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
28. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind
Rosenthal effect
predictive value
Projective tests (+types)
Pearson r correlation coefficient
29. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Walter Mischel
Acquiescence
cohort effect
variance and standard deviation
30. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Statistical regression
Content validity
social desirability
Null hypothesis
31. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Intelligence
placebo
statistics
range
32. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
confounding variable
Achievement tests
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Hawthorne effect
33. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Graphs (types)
External validity (+types)
ordinal variables
34. Studying the same objects at different points in the lifespan and provides better - more valid results than most other methods - costly - time commitment
IQ Binet'S equation
cohort effect
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Longitudinal design
35. Measure innate ability to learn (debatable) - to predict later performance
Aptitude tests
Experimenter bias
Descriptive statistics (+types)
dependent variable
36. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
T-score
cross-sectional design
Lewis Terman
Chi-square test
37. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Nonequivalent control group
Z-scores
Illusory correlation
Descriptive statistics (+types)
38. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
IQ Binet'S equation
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Continuous data
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
39. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
statistics
cross-sectional design
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Alfred Binet
40. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms
Anne Anastasi
Descriptive statistics (+types)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Mean IQ
41. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
independent variable
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Internal validity
ordinal variables
42. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
generalizability
Robert Zajonc
Two-way ANOVA
43. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
Projective tests (+types)
placebo effect
Factorial analysis of variance
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
44. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
percentiles
Statistical regression
double-blind experiment
stratified sampling
45. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Scientific approach
random sampling
Charles Spearmen
Variability
46. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Factorial analysis of variance
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Face validity
Fluid intelligence
47. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Vocational tests
Content validity
Demand characteristic
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
48. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
quasi-experimental design
within subject
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Descriptive statistics (+types)
49. Capable of showing order and pacing because equal spaces lie between the values - do not include real zero - ex: temperature
interval variables
F-scale or F-ratio
Hawthorne effect
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
50. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups
ANOVA/analysis of variance
mode
frequency polygon
Curvilinear relationship