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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






2. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






3. Used most commonly on standardized test






4. Notable for cross-cultural application and simple directions - to make the best picture of a man - scored based on detail and accuracy - not artistic talent






5. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis






6. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






7. Mean of Americans is standardized to 100 - with SD 15 or 16 depending on test; correlates most with IQ of biological parents and socioeconomic status






8. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample






9. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






10. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences






11. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






12. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face






13. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning






14. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






15. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






16. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






17. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






18. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not






19. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






20. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






21. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






22. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%






23. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






24. Mean (standard error of mean) - median mode; normal and platykuric: equal; positively skewed: mode - med - mean; negatively skewed: mean - med - mode; bimodal: equal mean and med - 2 modes






25. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






26. Structured - do not allow own answers; more objective than projective tests; not completely objective because most self-reported; Q-sort - Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) - California Personality Inventory (CPI) - Myers-Brigg Type






27. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






28. Rosenthal effect; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






29. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






30. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






31. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






32. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






33. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point






34. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






35. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






36. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






37. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






38. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests






39. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)






40. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






41. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






42. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc






43. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






44. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






45. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable






46. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep






47. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






48. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50






49. The approach to construct assessment instruments - involves selection of items that can discriminate between various groups; responses determine if he is like a particular group or not; e.g. Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory






50. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable