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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc






2. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%






3. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV






4. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group






5. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






6. Combines longitudinal and cross-sectional approach






7. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






8. Frequency polygon (continuous variables) - histogram/ bar graph (discrete)






9. Used most commonly on standardized test






10. Allow generalization from sample to population - statistics (sample) - parameters (population): use statistics to estimate parameters






11. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






12. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning






13. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u






14. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)






15. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it






16. Used when n-cases in a sample are classified into categories or cells - tell us whether the groups are significantly different in size - look at the pattern or distributions - not difference between mean - ex:intro psych class categorized into race -






17. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing






18. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






19. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






20. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






21. Experimenter bias; researchers see what they want to see; minimized in double-blind






22. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






23. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face






24. Knowing a fact






25. Personality test from Jung'S theory; 93 questions 2 answers each; 4-letter personality type - each letter 1 of 2 possible opposing characteristics: Introverted vs. Extraverted - Sensing vs. Intuition - Feeling vs. Thinking - and - Judgment vs. Percep






26. The hypothesis that no real differences or pattern exist






27. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not






28. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer






29. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






30. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%






31. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






32. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female






33. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order






34. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them






35. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P






36. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier






37. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough






38. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others






39. Measured by the same individual taking the same test more than once






40. Comparing an individual'S performance on 2 halves of the same test to reveal internal consistency; internal consistency can be increased by item analysis






41. If it is significant - same finding can be generalized to the population - use test of significant to reject null hypothesis






42. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






43. Internal-External Locus of Control Scale






44. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






45. Calculates how off the mean might be in either direction






46. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






47. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






48. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






49. Not to diagnose depression but assess severity of depressive symptoms; used by researcher or clinician to track course of depressive symptoms






50. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point