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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For children 4-6
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
T-test
Nonequivalent control group
statistics
2. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
percentiles
double-blind experiment
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
3. Order - variables need to be arranged by order (not necessarily equally spaced) - ex: maranthon finishers
Intelligence
statistically significant
placebo effect
ordinal variables
4. How the score are spread out overall
Pearson r correlation coefficient
variance (calculation)
Variability
mode
5. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation
variance (calculation)
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Correlational relationships
Criterion-referenced tests
6. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Correlational relationships
Null hypothesis
Acquiescence
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
7. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Scientific approach
8. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms
Discrete data
mental age
social desirability
Linear regression
9. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
bar graph
Variability
Acquiescence
placebo
10. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
cohort effect
Chi-square test
Criterion-referenced tests
cross-sectional design
11. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable
confounding variable
Split-half reliability
mode
nominal variables
12. Measures the extent to which items in a measure 'hang together' and test the same thing
Julian Rotter
standard error of mean
Internal validity
Selective attrition
13. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
Inferential statistics
Test-retest reliability
research design
Achievement tests
14. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
ANOVA/analysis of variance
T-score
cross-sectional design
Longitudinal design
15. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Lie detector tests
Illusory correlation
16. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
Crystallized intelligence
Demand characteristic
frequency polygon
Correlational relationships
17. 34.13% - 13.59% - 2.02% - 0.26% and - +3 99.74% - +2 97.72% - +1 84.13% - 0 50.00% - -1 15.87% - -2 2.28% - -3 0.26%
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Internal validity
18. Birth order vs. intelligence; the older - the more intelligent; the more children - the less intelligent; the greater spacing - the more intelligent
Robert Zajonc
variance (calculation)
Nonequivalent control group
Walter Mischel
19. Personality measure for 'normal' / less clinical groups than MMPI - by Harrison Gough
research design
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
Graphs (types)
20. Tell you the average extent to which scores were different from the mean - if average standard deviation is large - then scores were highly dispersed
Rorschach Inkblot Test
range
Type I and II errors
standard deviation (calculation)
21. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
Construct validity
Internal validity
ANOVA/analysis of variance
placebo
22. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
mode
Alfred Binet
Draw-A-Person Test
External validity (+types)
23. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
Internal validity
normal distribution(+characteristic)
Standard normal distributions
Objective tests (+types)
24. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
T-test
Longitudinal design
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
25. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s
variance (calculation)
Factorial analysis of variance
Hawthorne effect
T-test
26. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Criterion-referenced tests
Type I and II errors
Vocational tests
Scientific approach
27. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
standard deviation (calculation)
research design
External validity (+types)
range
28. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
Lie detector tests
social desirability
histogram
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
29. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects
Demand characteristic
Statistical regression
Type I and II errors
confounding variable
30. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Reliability (+types)
Curvilinear relationship
External validity (+types)
Projective tests (+types)
31. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Field study
random sampling
Vocational tests
Frequency distributions (+variables)
32. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting
Meta-analysis
nominal variables
variance (calculation)
research design
33. Knowing how to do something
Fluid intelligence
Test-retest reliability
Goodenough Draw-A-Man Test
Anne Anastasi
34. Whether content covers a good sample of construct being measured
Z-scores
Content validity
Fluid intelligence
Learn the shape of different distributions
35. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology
Graphs (types)
Discrete data
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Concurrent validity
36. Not IQ - It is unlikely IQ captures all facets of it
Correlational relationships
Linear regression
Intelligence
Fluid intelligence
37. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship
Nonequivalent control group
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
placebo
Spearman r correlation coefficient
38. Use correlation coefficients in order to predict one variable y from another variable x - let you define a line on graph that describes the relationship between x and y - when the least-square line or regression line is fit to the data - basically: u
bar graph
Meta-analysis
Linear regression
Rosenthal effect
39. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
Frequency distributions (+variables)
statistics
dependent variable
cohort-sequential design
40. Overall range or spread - most basic measure of variability - subtracts the lowest value from the highest value in a data set
range
Objective tests (+types)
Lie detector tests
Construct validity
41. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Statistical regression
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
histogram
between subject
42. Tests the same person at multiple time points and looks at changes within that person
within subject
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
independent variable
Alpha levels
43. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Item analysis (reliability)
Objective tests (+types)
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
44. Takes place in controlled setting must be able to control for: independent variable - dependent variable - and confounding variable
Domain-referenced tests
Learn the shape of different distributions
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Experimental design
45. Anything that is measured such as height or depression score on a depression scale
Continuous data
Vocational tests
interval variables
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
46. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
Alpha levels
Discrete data
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
47. Created multitrait-multimethod technique to determine validity of tests
Robert Zajonc
range
Chi-square test
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
48. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Type I and II errors
Achievement tests
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
T-test
49. Transformation of a z-score - mean is 50 and the SD is 10 - T=10(Z)+50
T-score
Discrete data
Field study
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
50. How much variation there is among n number of scores in a distribution
Internal validity
Inferential statistics
variance and standard deviation
Intelligence