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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Not simple and linear - looks like a curved line - ex: arousal and perfomance - high A --> low P - Low A --> low P - medium A --> high P
Draw-A-Person Test
statistics
cohort-sequential design
Curvilinear relationship
2. Measure how well you know a subject - measure past learning
F-scale or F-ratio
Inferential statistics
research design
Achievement tests
3. (Mental age/chronological age)/100 - Highest age = 16
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4. Does not control - but examines how independent variable affects it
dependent variable
F-scale or F-ratio
ordinal variables
Intelligence
5. Knowing a fact
ordinal variables
Crystallized intelligence
statistically significant
Demand characteristic
6. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable
predictive value
stratified sampling
Curvilinear relationship
Variability
7. Whether test really taps abstract concept being measured
independent variable
Construct validity
between subject
Lewis Terman
8. How a researcher attempts to examine a hypothesis - different questions call for different approaches - some approaches are more scientific than others
research design
interval variables
Robert Zajonc
Validity (+types)
9. Not intelligence tests; measure sensory and motor development of infants to identify mental retardation; poor predictors of later intelligence
Content validity
Correlational relationships
Test-retest reliability
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
10. Give descriptive names - No order or relationship among the variables other than to separate them into groups - ex: male-female
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
nominal variables
External validity (+types)
Construct validity
11. Compares 2 groups of people like an experiment - but this is used when it is not feasible or ethical to use random assignment ex: smoker vs. cancer
Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study
Word Association Test
quasi-experimental design
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
12. Compares 2 groups of people at the same time point
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Myers-Brigg Type Indicator (MBTI)
Domain-referenced tests
between subject
13. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions
Walter Mischel
Donald Campbell and Donald Fiske
Nonequivalent control group
nominal variables
14. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)
stratified sampling
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Q-sort/measure
within subject
15. The process of representing or analyzing numerical data
Cross validation
Domain-referenced tests
placebo
statistics
16. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences
Fluid intelligence
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank
stratified sampling
17. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space
interval variables
bar graph
Scientific approach
random sampling
18. The most frequently occurring value
Variability
research design
variance and standard deviation
mode
19. Fluid intelligence declines with old age while crystallized intelligence does not
Population & related
Longitudinal design
histogram
John Horn and Raymond Cattell
20. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
Julian Rotter
Reliability (+types)
21. Includes: testable hypothesis - reproducible experiment - operationalized definition (observable and measurable)
between subject
Frequency distributions (+variables)
Scientific approach
median
22. Used most commonly on standardized test
frequency polygon
Draw-A-Person Test
Lie detector tests
percentiles
23. Step beyond correlations; allows not only identification of relationship between 2 variables - also make predictions
Statistical regression
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
Standard normal distributions
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
24. The effect that might result when a group is born and raised in a particular time period
Demand characteristic
Internal validity
Concurrent validity
cohort effect
25. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random
Content validity
Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach
Selective attrition
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
26. The degree to which the result from an experiment can be applied to the population and the real world
Factorial analysis of variance
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
generalizability
Learn the shape of different distributions
27. I when incorrectly reject null - thought significant but chance; II when incorrectly accept null - thought chance but significant
Type I and II errors
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Two-way ANOVA
Intelligence
28. Neither the subject nor the experimenter know whether the subject is assigned to the treatment or the control group
Meta-analysis
double-blind experiment
Two-way ANOVA
frequency polygon
29. Whether test items look like they measure the construct
cohort-sequential design
Face validity
Item analysis (reliability)
random sampling
30. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are
social desirability
Learn the shape of different distributions
Percentages under normal distribution based on SDs (from mean to end)
Inferential statistics
31. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution
Objective tests (+types)
Concurrent validity
normal distribution(+characteristic)
percentiles
32. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association
T-test
Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
Rosenthal effect
Projective tests (+types)
33. There is a general factor in intelligence 'g'
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
standard error of mean
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Charles Spearmen
34. Created to determine whether a person feels responsible for things that happen (internal) or no control over events in life (external)
One-way ANOVA
Internal-External Locus of Control Scale
ratio variables
California Personality Inventory (CPI)
35. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)
range
ANOVA/analysis of variance
Acquiescence
frequency polygon
36. Revised Binet'S version - used with children - organized by age level - Best known predictor of future academic achievement
Factorial analysis of variance
confounding variable
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Q-sort/measure
37. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated
Achievement tests
Demand characteristic
Nonequivalent control group
predictive value
38. Process in testing concurrent validity
Cross validation
Illusory correlation
generalizability
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
39. Developed concept of IQ and first intelligence test (Binet Scale)
T-score
Concurrent validity
Alfred Binet
Item analysis (reliability)
40. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition
independent variable
Frequency distributions (+variables)
random sampling
Central Tendency (types and distribution differences)
41. Draw a person of each sex and tell a story about them
Null hypothesis
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R)
Draw-A-Person Test
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
42. A level of <0.05or <0.01 means that chance that seemingly significant errors are due to random variation rather than to true systematic variance is less than 5% or 1%
Alpha levels
random sampling
median
Rosenthal effect
43. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition
F-scale or F-ratio
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
placebo effect
ratio variables
44. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc
Reliability (+types)
range
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Mean IQ
45. compares means of 2 different groups to see if the two groups are truly different - analyze differences between means on continuous data - particularly useful with small n - cannot test for difference between more than 2 groups
frequency polygon
T-test
Spearman r correlation coefficient
Lewis Terman
46. Might show how often different variables appear; nominal - ordinal - interval - ratio (real zero)
Inferential statistics
ordinal variables
social desirability
Frequency distributions (+variables)
47. Most commonly used for adults 16+ - organized by subtests with subscales and identify problem areas; current is WAIS-IV
double-blind experiment
Longitudinal design
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Reactance
48. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier
cross-sectional design
independent variable
Type I and II errors
Standard normal distributions
49. Consist of vertical bars in which the sides of the vertical bars touch - useful for discrete variables that have clear boundaries - interval variables in which there is some order
Experimenter bias
Chi-square test
Curvilinear relationship
histogram
50. Normal curve - negatively skewed distribution - positively sknewed distribution - bimodal distribution - platykuric distribution
Internal validity
generalizability
Vocational tests
Learn the shape of different distributions