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GRE Psychology: Measurement And Methodology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tests whether the means on one outcome or dependent variable are significantly different across groups - height or level of anxiety from anxiety scale






2. Attempts to eliminate/minimize these - variables in the environment that might also effect the dependent variable and blue the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable






3. Assess extent interests and strengths match those found by professionals in a particular job field






4. Mean is 0 - and SD=1 - This with Z-score allow you to compare one person'S score on two different distributions






5. Originally to determine mental illness - now for personality; more clinical than CPI; 550 T/F/unsure questions (e.g. 'I would like to ride a horse'); discriminates between disorders; high validity because highly discriminatory items and 3 validity sc






6. Critical of personality trait-theory and personality tests; felt situations (not traits) decide actions






7. Tests whether at least 2 groups co-vary - can adjust for preexisting differences between groups






8. Like a histogram except that the vertical bars do not touch - various columns are separated by space






9. The most frequently occurring value






10. How stable measure is; test-retest - split-half






11. Number of SD a score is from the mean - For normal distribution - (-3 to +3)






12. Measure the extent to which test measures what it intends to; concurrent - construct - content - face






13. figure out how much each score differs (deviates) from the mean by subtracting the mean from each score - square each of these deviation values (to get rid of negative value) - add all these squared deviations to get the sum of square - divide sum by






14. Have order - equal intervals and a real zero ex: age






15. Every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample






16. Mathematically combines and summarizes overall effects or findings for a topic; best known for consolidating effectiveness of psychotherapy - can calculate overall effect size or conclusion drawn from a collection of studies; needed when conflicting






17. Whether scores on a new measure correlate with other measures known to test the same construct; cross validation process






18. When subjects act in ways they think experimenter wants or expects






19. When subjects that drop out are different than those that remain; no longer random






20. Attitude change in response to feeling that options are limited; e.g. dislike experiment and intentionally behaving unnaturally - or being set on a certain flavour of ice cream as soon as told it is sold out






21. Describe what is seen in each of 10 inkblots; scoring is complex; validity questionable






22. Used when an experiment involves more than one independent variable - can separate the effects of different levels of different variables - can isolate main effects - can identify interaction effects - ex: studying effect of brain lesion on problem s






23. Sorting cards into a normal distribution; each has a different statement on it about personality; to one end is 'least like self' - other is 'most like self' - and middle is neutral; factor analysis to reduce viewpoints into a few factors






24. Has plotted points connected by lines - used to plot variables that are continuous (categories without clear boundaries)






25. Numerically calculating and expressing correlation - r range -1 to +1 - 0 = no relationship






26. Allows own answer: expression of conflicts - needs - impulses; content interpreted by administrator - some more objective than others; Rorschach Inkblot Test - Thematic Apperception Test - Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study - Word Association






27. 31 cards (1 blank and 30 pictures) with interpersonal scenes (2 people facing each other); subject tells story about each which reveals aspects of personality; often measure need for achievement; interpreting terms include needs - press - personology






28. Neither purely descriptive nor purely inferential - can only show relationship - not causality - positive and negative correlation






29. Similar to word association - finish incomplete sentences






30. When subject behave differently just because they thing that they have received the treatment substance or condition






31. Knowing how to do something






32. Data that has been counted rather than measured - usually limited to whole or positive values - ex: group size - number of hospital visit - number of symptoms






33. For ranks; determining the line that describes a linear relationship






34. Analyses how a large group responded to each item on the measure; weeds out problematic questions with low discriminatory value; increases internal consistency






35. Measure mastery in a particular area (e.g. final exam)






36. Bell curve; larger the sample - greater chance of having a normal distribution






37. Different subjects of different ages are compared - faster - easier






38. Measure arousal of sympathetic nervous system - stimulated by lying and anxiety






39. When subjects do and say what they think puts them in a favorable light -ex: reporting they are not racist even if they really are






40. Interest in the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable - often manipulated by applying it in experimental or treatment condition and withholding it from control condition






41. Tests the effects of two independent variables or treatment conditions at once






42. The degree to which an independent variable can predict a dependent variable






43. Used most commonly on standardized test






44. Organize data by showing it in a meaningful way; do not allow conclusions to be drawn beyond the sample; percentiles - frequency distributions - graphs - measures of central tendency - variability






45. Used when equivalent one cannot be isolated






46. Similar to T-test - but can measure more than 2 groups






47. Aims to match demographic characteristics to population (i.e. 50% female - etc)






48. How well a test measures a construct; multitrait-multimethod technique determines validity; internal - external: concurrent - construct - content - face






49. When people agree with opposing statements; giving tacit agreement






50. Empirical-keying or criterion-keying approach; to determine of subject is like a particular group or not