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GRE Psychology: Memory

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Knowing something without being aware of knowing it 'HM' --> cannot remember anything he did






2. Used when studying foreign languages - we pair that language word with English word






3. Ebbinghaus - sharp drop in savings immediately after learning then levels off downwards; but some psychologists doubt generalization from nonsense syllables






4. Sensory - short term - long term






5. Coined by Neisser - --> brief visual memory that lasts about one second






6. Instrument used to present visual material (words/images) to subjects for a fraction of a second - in cognitive or memory experiments






7. Recollections that seem burned into memory - especially traumatic ones






8. General knowledge of the world






9. Anything one might recall is easily recognized - multiple-choice test is easier than essay test






10. Organizing and understanding material to transfer to LTM






11. Disrupting information that was learned after new items were presented






12. Recall begins with task Ex: fill-in-the-blank' test






13. Forgetting curve; lists of nonsense syllables to study STM






14. Tendency to recall pursued but incomplete tasks better than completed ones - Students who suspend their study - during which they do unrelated activities (such as studying unrelated subjects or playing games) - will remember material better than stud






15. Knowing how to do something






16. Sensory memory for auditory sensations






17. Memories are stored diffusely in the brain






18. Knowing something and being consciously aware of knowing it - such as knowing a fact






19. Memory involves changes in synpases and neural pathways to make a memory tree






20. Repeating material to hold in STM






21. Termed icon for brief visual memory






22. A list of items is learned - and then must be recalled in any order with no cue.






23. The way behaviourists explain memory; one item learned with - then cues the recall of - another






24. Capable of permanent retention - most learned semantically for meaning - measured by recognition - recall - and savings - Subject to encoding specificity principle - but not primacy/recency effects






25. Grouping items can increase STM capacity






26. Measures how much info remains in LTM (information retention) by assessing how long it takes to learn something the second time






27. Recall without any cue






28. Requires subjects to recognize things learned in the past - Multiple choice test






29. When subjects are exposed to bright flash or new pattern before the iconic image fades - the 1st image will be erased






30. Allan Paivio - items better remembered if encoded both visually and semantically (icons/images+understanding)






31. Learned and recalled in order; primacy and recency effects; serial-position U-curve demonstrates savings






32. Details - events - discrete knowledge






33. Forgetting theory - memories fade with time






34. Key to transferring items to LTM; primary (maintenance) rehearsal - secondary (elaborative) rehearsal






35. Disrupting information that was learned prior to new items were presented






36. Iconic memory people could see more than they can remember






37. Decay (or trace) and interference theory






38. Patient 'HM' lesion of hippocampus - remembered things before surgery - STM intact - but could not store new LTMs (anterograde amnesia)






39. Memory is reconstructive rather than rote - People are more likely to remember ideas/semantics more than details/grammar






40. Memory of traumatic events altered by event and by the phrasing of questions (e.g. 'how fast were the cars going when they crashed' vs 'what was the rate of the cars upon impact'); relevant in law-psychology such as witness testimony






41. By studying sea slug Aplysia - similar ideas to Donald Hebb involving synaptic and neural pathway changes in memory; young chicks brains are altered with learning and memory






42. Measured through presenting subjects with items they are not supposed to try to memorize - then test for learning






43. Acoustic dissimilarity - semantic dissimilarity - brevity - familiarity - concreteness - meaning - importance to subject






44. Learning and recall depend on depth of processing; from most superficial phonological (pronunciation) to deep semantic level - the deeper the easier to learn and recall






45. Primary and recency effects






46. Sperling - sensory memory for vision - people could see more than they can remember - a partial report in an experiment involving random letters showed people forgot other letters by the time they wrote first ones down






47. LTM is subject to...material is easier to be remembered if retrieved in same context as learning/storage






48. Proactive interference causes proactive inhibition - retroactive interference causes retroactive inhibition






49. Knowing a fact






50. STM capacity of 7±2