Test your basic knowledge |

GRE Psychology: Memory

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Knowing how to do something






2. Requires subjects to recognize things learned in the past - Multiple choice test






3. Forgetting theory - competing information blocks retrieval (study: memorize list - one group sleeps while other group solves riddles for same amount of time - slept is likelier to remember more)






4. Disrupting information that was learned prior to new items were presented






5. Memories are stored diffusely in the brain






6. Capable of permanent retention - most learned semantically for meaning - measured by recognition - recall - and savings - Subject to encoding specificity principle - but not primacy/recency effects






7. Temporary - seconds or minutes - largely auditory - items coded phonologically - 7+/- 2 capacity - chunking - subjective to interference and inhibition






8. General knowledge of the world






9. Termed icon for brief visual memory






10. Coined by Neisser - --> brief visual memory that lasts about one second






11. Dual code hypothesis






12. Knowing something without being aware of knowing it 'HM' --> cannot remember anything he did






13. Serial learning Serial-anticipation learning Paired-associate learning Free-recall learning






14. Iconic memory people could see more than they can remember






15. Repeating material to hold in STM






16. Sensory - short term - long term






17. Recall begins with task Ex: fill-in-the-blank' test






18. Anything one might recall is easily recognized - multiple-choice test is easier than essay test






19. Learned and recalled in order; primacy and recency effects; serial-position U-curve demonstrates savings






20. Tendency to group similar items in memory whether learned together or not - often into conceptual or semantic hierarchies






21. Instrument used to present visual material (words/images) to subjects for a fraction of a second - in cognitive or memory experiments






22. Memory cues that aid learning and recall (e.g. OCEAN for the Big Five factors of personality...)






23. Allan Paivio - items better remembered if encoded both visually and semantically (icons/images+understanding)






24. A list of items is learned - and then must be recalled in any order with no cue.






25. Photographic memory - more common in children and rural






26. Forgetting theory - memories fade with time






27. Sperling - sensory memory for vision - people could see more than they can remember - a partial report in an experiment involving random letters showed people forgot other letters by the time they wrote first ones down






28. Measured through presenting subjects with items they are not supposed to try to memorize - then test for learning






29. It takes longer to make association between pictures than between words --> Pictures must be mentally put into words before associations can be made






30. Tendency to recall pursued but incomplete tasks better than completed ones - Students who suspend their study - during which they do unrelated activities (such as studying unrelated subjects or playing games) - will remember material better than stud






31. On the verge of retrieval






32. Knowing something and being consciously aware of knowing it - such as knowing a fact






33. STM capacity of 7±2






34. By studying sea slug Aplysia - similar ideas to Donald Hebb involving synaptic and neural pathway changes in memory; young chicks brains are altered with learning and memory






35. Acoustic dissimilarity - semantic dissimilarity - brevity - familiarity - concreteness - meaning - importance to subject






36. Retrieval is better if in the same emotional or physical state as encoding - depressed individuals cannot easily recall happy memories - alcoholics often remember details of their last drinking session only when under the influence of alcohol






37. Measures how much info remains in LTM (information retention) by assessing how long it takes to learn something the second time






38. Memory involves changes in synpases and neural pathways to make a memory tree






39. Decay (or trace) and interference theory






40. Last seconds - connects perception and memory - includes iconic and echoic memory






41. Temporary memory needed to perform the task that someone is working on at that moment






42. Details - events - discrete knowledge






43. Memory of traumatic events altered by event and by the phrasing of questions (e.g. 'how fast were the cars going when they crashed' vs 'what was the rate of the cars upon impact'); relevant in law-psychology such as witness testimony






44. Grouping items can increase STM capacity






45. Recall without any cue






46. The way behaviourists explain memory; one item learned with - then cues the recall of - another






47. Recollections that seem burned into memory - especially traumatic ones






48. Forgetting curve; lists of nonsense syllables to study STM






49. LTM is subject to...material is easier to be remembered if retrieved in same context as learning/storage






50. Organizing and understanding material to transfer to LTM