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GRE Psychology: Memory

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to recall pursued but incomplete tasks better than completed ones - Students who suspend their study - during which they do unrelated activities (such as studying unrelated subjects or playing games) - will remember material better than stud






2. Measured through presenting subjects with items they are not supposed to try to memorize - then test for learning






3. Proactive interference causes proactive inhibition - retroactive interference causes retroactive inhibition






4. Forgetting curve; lists of nonsense syllables to study STM






5. Sensory - short term - long term






6. Key to transferring items to LTM; primary (maintenance) rehearsal - secondary (elaborative) rehearsal






7. Photographic memory - more common in children and rural






8. Grouping items can increase STM capacity






9. Repeating material to hold in STM






10. Acoustic dissimilarity - semantic dissimilarity - brevity - familiarity - concreteness - meaning - importance to subject






11. Sperling - sensory memory for vision - people could see more than they can remember - a partial report in an experiment involving random letters showed people forgot other letters by the time they wrote first ones down






12. Knowing a fact






13. Coined by Neisser - --> brief visual memory that lasts about one second






14. Details - events - discrete knowledge






15. Memory is reconstructive rather than rote - People are more likely to remember ideas/semantics more than details/grammar






16. Ebbinghaus - sharp drop in savings immediately after learning then levels off downwards; but some psychologists doubt generalization from nonsense syllables






17. Anything one might recall is easily recognized - multiple-choice test is easier than essay test






18. A list of items is learned - and then must be recalled in any order with no cue.






19. When subjects are exposed to bright flash or new pattern before the iconic image fades - the 1st image will be erased






20. The first and last few items learned are easiest to remember. first items are due to the benefit of most rehearsal and exposure. last item is easy to remember because there has been less time for decay






21. LTM is subject to...material is easier to be remembered if retrieved in same context as learning/storage






22. Similar to serial learning but asked to recall one item at a time






23. Tendency to group similar items in memory whether learned together or not - often into conceptual or semantic hierarchies






24. Knowing something and being consciously aware of knowing it - such as knowing a fact






25. Iconic memory people could see more than they can remember






26. Primary and recency effects






27. Memory of traumatic events altered by event and by the phrasing of questions (e.g. 'how fast were the cars going when they crashed' vs 'what was the rate of the cars upon impact'); relevant in law-psychology such as witness testimony






28. By studying sea slug Aplysia - similar ideas to Donald Hebb involving synaptic and neural pathway changes in memory; young chicks brains are altered with learning and memory






29. Organizing and understanding material to transfer to LTM






30. Forgetting theory - competing information blocks retrieval (study: memorize list - one group sleeps while other group solves riddles for same amount of time - slept is likelier to remember more)






31. STM capacity of 7±2






32. Measures how much info remains in LTM (information retention) by assessing how long it takes to learn something the second time






33. Dual code hypothesis






34. On the verge of retrieval






35. Termed icon for brief visual memory






36. Forgetting theory - memories fade with time






37. The way behaviourists explain memory; one item learned with - then cues the recall of - another






38. Recollections that seem burned into memory - especially traumatic ones






39. It takes longer to make association between pictures than between words --> Pictures must be mentally put into words before associations can be made






40. Disrupting information that was learned after new items were presented






41. Subjects more easily state the order of two items far apart on the list than two items close together - Comparing 7 & 597 vs. comparing 133 vs. 136






42. Serial learning Serial-anticipation learning Paired-associate learning Free-recall learning






43. Memories are stored diffusely in the brain






44. Knowing something without being aware of knowing it 'HM' --> cannot remember anything he did






45. Generate information on their own; cued and free






46. General knowledge of the world






47. Last seconds - connects perception and memory - includes iconic and echoic memory






48. Disrupting information that was learned prior to new items were presented






49. Recall without any cue






50. Recall begins with task Ex: fill-in-the-blank' test