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GRE Psychology: Memory

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. LTM is subject to...material is easier to be remembered if retrieved in same context as learning/storage






2. Anything one might recall is easily recognized - multiple-choice test is easier than essay test






3. Disrupting information that was learned prior to new items were presented






4. Recollections that seem burned into memory - especially traumatic ones






5. Key to transferring items to LTM; primary (maintenance) rehearsal - secondary (elaborative) rehearsal






6. Forgetting theory - competing information blocks retrieval (study: memorize list - one group sleeps while other group solves riddles for same amount of time - slept is likelier to remember more)






7. Details - events - discrete knowledge






8. The way behaviourists explain memory; one item learned with - then cues the recall of - another






9. Tendency to recall pursued but incomplete tasks better than completed ones - Students who suspend their study - during which they do unrelated activities (such as studying unrelated subjects or playing games) - will remember material better than stud






10. Requires subjects to recognize things learned in the past - Multiple choice test






11. Acoustic dissimilarity - semantic dissimilarity - brevity - familiarity - concreteness - meaning - importance to subject






12. Organizing and understanding material to transfer to LTM






13. Dual code hypothesis






14. Serial learning Serial-anticipation learning Paired-associate learning Free-recall learning






15. Generate information on their own; cued and free






16. Learned and recalled in order; primacy and recency effects; serial-position U-curve demonstrates savings






17. Knowing how to do something






18. Memory cues that aid learning and recall (e.g. OCEAN for the Big Five factors of personality...)






19. Memories are stored diffusely in the brain






20. Knowing a fact






21. On the verge of retrieval






22. Subjects more easily state the order of two items far apart on the list than two items close together - Comparing 7 & 597 vs. comparing 133 vs. 136






23. Used when studying foreign languages - we pair that language word with English word






24. Sperling - sensory memory for vision - people could see more than they can remember - a partial report in an experiment involving random letters showed people forgot other letters by the time they wrote first ones down






25. General knowledge of the world






26. It takes longer to make association between pictures than between words --> Pictures must be mentally put into words before associations can be made






27. Tendency to group similar items in memory whether learned together or not - often into conceptual or semantic hierarchies






28. Disrupting information that was learned after new items were presented






29. Forgetting theory - memories fade with time






30. Primary and recency effects






31. Retrieval is better if in the same emotional or physical state as encoding - depressed individuals cannot easily recall happy memories - alcoholics often remember details of their last drinking session only when under the influence of alcohol






32. Allan Paivio - items better remembered if encoded both visually and semantically (icons/images+understanding)






33. Instrument used to present visual material (words/images) to subjects for a fraction of a second - in cognitive or memory experiments






34. STM capacity of 7±2






35. Memory of traumatic events altered by event and by the phrasing of questions (e.g. 'how fast were the cars going when they crashed' vs 'what was the rate of the cars upon impact'); relevant in law-psychology such as witness testimony






36. Temporary memory needed to perform the task that someone is working on at that moment






37. The first and last few items learned are easiest to remember. first items are due to the benefit of most rehearsal and exposure. last item is easy to remember because there has been less time for decay






38. Measured through presenting subjects with items they are not supposed to try to memorize - then test for learning






39. Last seconds - connects perception and memory - includes iconic and echoic memory






40. Knowing something without being aware of knowing it 'HM' --> cannot remember anything he did






41. Coined by Neisser - --> brief visual memory that lasts about one second






42. Iconic memory people could see more than they can remember






43. A list of items is learned - and then must be recalled in any order with no cue.






44. Patient 'HM' lesion of hippocampus - remembered things before surgery - STM intact - but could not store new LTMs (anterograde amnesia)






45. Knowing something and being consciously aware of knowing it - such as knowing a fact






46. Repeating material to hold in STM






47. Recall begins with task Ex: fill-in-the-blank' test






48. Sensory memory for auditory sensations






49. Learning and recall depend on depth of processing; from most superficial phonological (pronunciation) to deep semantic level - the deeper the easier to learn and recall






50. Ebbinghaus - sharp drop in savings immediately after learning then levels off downwards; but some psychologists doubt generalization from nonsense syllables






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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