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GRE Psychology: Memory

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The first and last few items learned are easiest to remember. first items are due to the benefit of most rehearsal and exposure. last item is easy to remember because there has been less time for decay






2. Used when studying foreign languages - we pair that language word with English word






3. Decay (or trace) and interference theory






4. Last seconds - connects perception and memory - includes iconic and echoic memory






5. Sensory memory for auditory sensations






6. Sensory - short term - long term






7. Iconic memory people could see more than they can remember






8. It takes longer to make association between pictures than between words --> Pictures must be mentally put into words before associations can be made






9. Capable of permanent retention - most learned semantically for meaning - measured by recognition - recall - and savings - Subject to encoding specificity principle - but not primacy/recency effects






10. Memory cues that aid learning and recall (e.g. OCEAN for the Big Five factors of personality...)






11. Learning and recall depend on depth of processing; from most superficial phonological (pronunciation) to deep semantic level - the deeper the easier to learn and recall






12. Learned and recalled in order; primacy and recency effects; serial-position U-curve demonstrates savings






13. Acoustic dissimilarity - semantic dissimilarity - brevity - familiarity - concreteness - meaning - importance to subject






14. Coined by Neisser - --> brief visual memory that lasts about one second






15. Primary and recency effects






16. Tendency to recall pursued but incomplete tasks better than completed ones - Students who suspend their study - during which they do unrelated activities (such as studying unrelated subjects or playing games) - will remember material better than stud






17. Recollections that seem burned into memory - especially traumatic ones






18. Knowing something without being aware of knowing it 'HM' --> cannot remember anything he did






19. A list of items is learned - and then must be recalled in any order with no cue.






20. On the verge of retrieval






21. Retrieval is better if in the same emotional or physical state as encoding - depressed individuals cannot easily recall happy memories - alcoholics often remember details of their last drinking session only when under the influence of alcohol






22. The way behaviourists explain memory; one item learned with - then cues the recall of - another






23. Memory is reconstructive rather than rote - People are more likely to remember ideas/semantics more than details/grammar






24. Termed icon for brief visual memory






25. Dual code hypothesis






26. Sperling - sensory memory for vision - people could see more than they can remember - a partial report in an experiment involving random letters showed people forgot other letters by the time they wrote first ones down






27. Anything one might recall is easily recognized - multiple-choice test is easier than essay test






28. Ebbinghaus - sharp drop in savings immediately after learning then levels off downwards; but some psychologists doubt generalization from nonsense syllables






29. Knowing a fact






30. Repeating material to hold in STM






31. Disrupting information that was learned after new items were presented






32. Photographic memory - more common in children and rural






33. Memories are stored diffusely in the brain






34. Knowing how to do something






35. By studying sea slug Aplysia - similar ideas to Donald Hebb involving synaptic and neural pathway changes in memory; young chicks brains are altered with learning and memory






36. Recall without any cue






37. Knowing something and being consciously aware of knowing it - such as knowing a fact






38. Forgetting theory - competing information blocks retrieval (study: memorize list - one group sleeps while other group solves riddles for same amount of time - slept is likelier to remember more)






39. Generate information on their own; cued and free






40. Tendency to group similar items in memory whether learned together or not - often into conceptual or semantic hierarchies






41. Memory involves changes in synpases and neural pathways to make a memory tree






42. Organizing and understanding material to transfer to LTM






43. Measured through presenting subjects with items they are not supposed to try to memorize - then test for learning






44. Serial learning Serial-anticipation learning Paired-associate learning Free-recall learning






45. Patient 'HM' lesion of hippocampus - remembered things before surgery - STM intact - but could not store new LTMs (anterograde amnesia)






46. Requires subjects to recognize things learned in the past - Multiple choice test






47. General knowledge of the world






48. Temporary memory needed to perform the task that someone is working on at that moment






49. Similar to serial learning but asked to recall one item at a time






50. When subjects are exposed to bright flash or new pattern before the iconic image fades - the 1st image will be erased






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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