Test your basic knowledge |

GRE Psychology: Memory

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Last seconds - connects perception and memory - includes iconic and echoic memory






2. Subjects more easily state the order of two items far apart on the list than two items close together - Comparing 7 & 597 vs. comparing 133 vs. 136






3. Sensory - short term - long term






4. Key to transferring items to LTM; primary (maintenance) rehearsal - secondary (elaborative) rehearsal






5. Temporary - seconds or minutes - largely auditory - items coded phonologically - 7+/- 2 capacity - chunking - subjective to interference and inhibition






6. Tendency to recall pursued but incomplete tasks better than completed ones - Students who suspend their study - during which they do unrelated activities (such as studying unrelated subjects or playing games) - will remember material better than stud






7. Recall without any cue






8. Disrupting information that was learned prior to new items were presented






9. Memory of traumatic events altered by event and by the phrasing of questions (e.g. 'how fast were the cars going when they crashed' vs 'what was the rate of the cars upon impact'); relevant in law-psychology such as witness testimony






10. Memory involves changes in synpases and neural pathways to make a memory tree






11. LTM is subject to...material is easier to be remembered if retrieved in same context as learning/storage






12. STM capacity of 7±2






13. Sensory memory for auditory sensations






14. Learning and recall depend on depth of processing; from most superficial phonological (pronunciation) to deep semantic level - the deeper the easier to learn and recall






15. Serial learning Serial-anticipation learning Paired-associate learning Free-recall learning






16. Dual code hypothesis






17. A list of items is learned - and then must be recalled in any order with no cue.






18. Memories are stored diffusely in the brain






19. Acoustic dissimilarity - semantic dissimilarity - brevity - familiarity - concreteness - meaning - importance to subject






20. Used when studying foreign languages - we pair that language word with English word






21. Measured through presenting subjects with items they are not supposed to try to memorize - then test for learning






22. Knowing something without being aware of knowing it 'HM' --> cannot remember anything he did






23. Forgetting theory - competing information blocks retrieval (study: memorize list - one group sleeps while other group solves riddles for same amount of time - slept is likelier to remember more)






24. Generate information on their own; cued and free






25. Ebbinghaus - sharp drop in savings immediately after learning then levels off downwards; but some psychologists doubt generalization from nonsense syllables






26. Disrupting information that was learned after new items were presented






27. Primary and recency effects






28. Knowing something and being consciously aware of knowing it - such as knowing a fact






29. It takes longer to make association between pictures than between words --> Pictures must be mentally put into words before associations can be made






30. On the verge of retrieval






31. Organizing and understanding material to transfer to LTM






32. Sperling - sensory memory for vision - people could see more than they can remember - a partial report in an experiment involving random letters showed people forgot other letters by the time they wrote first ones down






33. Memory is reconstructive rather than rote - People are more likely to remember ideas/semantics more than details/grammar






34. Measures how much info remains in LTM (information retention) by assessing how long it takes to learn something the second time






35. Forgetting curve; lists of nonsense syllables to study STM






36. Knowing how to do something






37. Patient 'HM' lesion of hippocampus - remembered things before surgery - STM intact - but could not store new LTMs (anterograde amnesia)






38. Repeating material to hold in STM






39. The first and last few items learned are easiest to remember. first items are due to the benefit of most rehearsal and exposure. last item is easy to remember because there has been less time for decay






40. Details - events - discrete knowledge






41. Knowing a fact






42. Photographic memory - more common in children and rural






43. Tendency to group similar items in memory whether learned together or not - often into conceptual or semantic hierarchies






44. Termed icon for brief visual memory






45. Recall begins with task Ex: fill-in-the-blank' test






46. General knowledge of the world






47. Learned and recalled in order; primacy and recency effects; serial-position U-curve demonstrates savings






48. Coined by Neisser - --> brief visual memory that lasts about one second






49. Temporary memory needed to perform the task that someone is working on at that moment






50. Proactive interference causes proactive inhibition - retroactive interference causes retroactive inhibition