Test your basic knowledge |

GRE Psychology: Memory

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Instrument used to present visual material (words/images) to subjects for a fraction of a second - in cognitive or memory experiments






2. Forgetting curve; lists of nonsense syllables to study STM






3. Serial learning Serial-anticipation learning Paired-associate learning Free-recall learning






4. Memories are stored diffusely in the brain






5. Measures how much info remains in LTM (information retention) by assessing how long it takes to learn something the second time






6. Decay (or trace) and interference theory






7. Termed icon for brief visual memory






8. Patient 'HM' lesion of hippocampus - remembered things before surgery - STM intact - but could not store new LTMs (anterograde amnesia)






9. Tendency to recall pursued but incomplete tasks better than completed ones - Students who suspend their study - during which they do unrelated activities (such as studying unrelated subjects or playing games) - will remember material better than stud






10. Requires subjects to recognize things learned in the past - Multiple choice test






11. The way behaviourists explain memory; one item learned with - then cues the recall of - another






12. Tendency to group similar items in memory whether learned together or not - often into conceptual or semantic hierarchies






13. Retrieval is better if in the same emotional or physical state as encoding - depressed individuals cannot easily recall happy memories - alcoholics often remember details of their last drinking session only when under the influence of alcohol






14. Last seconds - connects perception and memory - includes iconic and echoic memory






15. Forgetting theory - competing information blocks retrieval (study: memorize list - one group sleeps while other group solves riddles for same amount of time - slept is likelier to remember more)






16. Disrupting information that was learned prior to new items were presented






17. Used when studying foreign languages - we pair that language word with English word






18. Sperling - sensory memory for vision - people could see more than they can remember - a partial report in an experiment involving random letters showed people forgot other letters by the time they wrote first ones down






19. Primary and recency effects






20. Grouping items can increase STM capacity






21. STM capacity of 7±2






22. Repeating material to hold in STM






23. Memory involves changes in synpases and neural pathways to make a memory tree






24. Capable of permanent retention - most learned semantically for meaning - measured by recognition - recall - and savings - Subject to encoding specificity principle - but not primacy/recency effects






25. Subjects more easily state the order of two items far apart on the list than two items close together - Comparing 7 & 597 vs. comparing 133 vs. 136






26. Sensory - short term - long term






27. Forgetting theory - memories fade with time






28. Knowing something without being aware of knowing it 'HM' --> cannot remember anything he did






29. Details - events - discrete knowledge






30. Ebbinghaus - sharp drop in savings immediately after learning then levels off downwards; but some psychologists doubt generalization from nonsense syllables






31. A list of items is learned - and then must be recalled in any order with no cue.






32. Sensory memory for auditory sensations






33. When subjects are exposed to bright flash or new pattern before the iconic image fades - the 1st image will be erased






34. Knowing a fact






35. Recollections that seem burned into memory - especially traumatic ones






36. Measured through presenting subjects with items they are not supposed to try to memorize - then test for learning






37. On the verge of retrieval






38. General knowledge of the world






39. Disrupting information that was learned after new items were presented






40. Anything one might recall is easily recognized - multiple-choice test is easier than essay test






41. Generate information on their own; cued and free






42. Coined by Neisser - --> brief visual memory that lasts about one second






43. Memory is reconstructive rather than rote - People are more likely to remember ideas/semantics more than details/grammar






44. Key to transferring items to LTM; primary (maintenance) rehearsal - secondary (elaborative) rehearsal






45. Photographic memory - more common in children and rural






46. LTM is subject to...material is easier to be remembered if retrieved in same context as learning/storage






47. Knowing how to do something






48. Learning and recall depend on depth of processing; from most superficial phonological (pronunciation) to deep semantic level - the deeper the easier to learn and recall






49. Dual code hypothesis






50. Recall begins with task Ex: fill-in-the-blank' test