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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation
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Subjects
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gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing
Visual Cliff
Muller-Lyer Illusion
Structuralist Theory
Perception
2. Objects that have been drawn and can be perceived but are geometrically impossible
Optic Chasm
Receptor Cells
Impossible Objects
Robert Frantz
3. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.
James Gibson
Lens
Miss
Differential Threshold
4. The chemical that aids the receptor cells in transduction
Photopigments
Vision
Purkinje shift
Phi Phenomenon
5. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green
Gestat Ideas
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Ganglion cells
Impossible Objects
6. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion
binoculary disparity
Muller-Lyer Illusion
apparent size
Phi Phenomenon
7. 1. Reception 2. Sensory Transduction 3. Neural Pathways
3 steps involving sensation
Photopigments
Outer ear
Hermann Von Hemholtz
8. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.
Optic Chasm
Optic Array
Hue
Gestat Ideas
9. Is the tendency to complete incomplete figures
Robert Frantz
Closure
Structuralist Theory
Figure and ground relationship
10. Developed the visual cliff to study whether depth perception was innate
Gestat Ideas
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Continuation
11. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual
Timbre
texture gradient
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Lens
12. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.
Terminal Threshold
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
Mental set
13. Correctly sensing a stimulus
Phi Phenomenon
After light passes through receptors
Moon Illusion
Hit
14. Is gained by features we are familiar with - such as two seemingly parallel lines that converge with distance
Depth perception
Linear perspective
McCollough Effect
Prosopagnosia
15. Asserts that perception and cognition are largely innate
Fovea
Photopigments
Constancy
Nativist Theory
16. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer
Optic Array
Prosopagnosia
interposition
Light
17. The eyes are connected to the cerebral cortex by...
The visual pathway
Amplitude
Terminal Threshold
Cornea
18. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus
Receiver operating characteristic
Optic Chasm
Gestalt Psychology
Autokinetic effect
19. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference
E.H. Weber
Sensation
apparent size
Depth perception
20. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward
Ponzo Illusion
Prosopagnosia
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
Gestat Ideas
21. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances
texture gradient
Optic Chasm
Hit
Figure and ground relationship
22. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see
Minimum principle
Impossible Objects
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Hue
23. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.
Lateral Inhibition
Size Constancy
James Gibson
After light passes through receptors
24. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses
Correct Rejection
Weber'S Law
Response Bias
Moon Illusion
25. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright
Ganglion cells
interposition
Depth perception
Purkinje shift
26. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Hue
3 steps involving sensation
Gestat Ideas
27. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
Cornea
Sensation
Closure
28. Are particularly sensitive to dim light and are used for night vision. They are also concentrated along the sides of the retina - making them extremely important for peripheral vision
Rods
Robert Frantz
Size Constancy
Cornea
29. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron
Receptive Field
Frequency
Continuation
Moon Illusion
30. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs
Moon Illusion
McCollough Effect
Sensation
James Gibson
31. humans best hear at
Perception
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
1000hz
Cones
32. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information
Hue
Mental set
Retina
Middle ear
33. Best at seeing fine details
Visual Acuity
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Weber'S Law
False alarm
34. We see objects because of the light they reflect
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
1000hz
Fovea
Vision
35. Failing to detect a present stimulus
Miss
Light
McCollough Effect
Fovea
36. All the things a person sees trains them to perceive
Lens
Rods
Receptive Field
Optic Array
37. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation
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38. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Perceptual Development
3 steps involving sensation
Ponzo Illusion
39. Has monocular and binocular cues
Receiver operating characteristic
Nativist Theory
Depth perception
Gestat Ideas
40. The optic nerve is made up of...
False alarm
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Ganglion cells
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
41. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Ciliary Muscles
Lens
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
42. Why do cones see better than rods?
Hue
Ponzo Illusion
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Symmetry
43. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Cones
Continuation
Gestalt Psychology
44. He tendency to group together items that are near each other
Hit
False alarm
Constancy
Proximity
45. The pace of vibrations or sound waves per second for a particular sound - determines pitch. Frequencies are measured in Hertz
Inner ear
Frequency
Brightness
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
46. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear
Gestat Ideas
Size Constancy
Impossible Objects
Figure and ground relationship
47. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc
Correct Rejection
Terminal Threshold
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Inner ear
48. Rightly stating that no stimulus exists
Fechner'S Law
Correct Rejection
Perceptual Development
False alarm
49. Suggests that subjects detect stimuli not only because they can but also because they want to. TSD factors motivation into the picture.
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50. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.
Minimum principle
Ciliary Muscles
Pragnanz
Proximity
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