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GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing






2. Objects that have been drawn and can be perceived but are geometrically impossible






3. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.






4. The chemical that aids the receptor cells in transduction






5. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green






6. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion






7. 1. Reception 2. Sensory Transduction 3. Neural Pathways






8. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.






9. Is the tendency to complete incomplete figures






10. Developed the visual cliff to study whether depth perception was innate






11. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual






12. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.






13. Correctly sensing a stimulus






14. Is gained by features we are familiar with - such as two seemingly parallel lines that converge with distance






15. Asserts that perception and cognition are largely innate






16. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer






17. The eyes are connected to the cerebral cortex by...






18. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus






19. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference






20. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward






21. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances






22. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see






23. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.






24. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses






25. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright






26. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.






27. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye






28. Are particularly sensitive to dim light and are used for night vision. They are also concentrated along the sides of the retina - making them extremely important for peripheral vision






29. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron






30. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs






31. humans best hear at






32. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information






33. Best at seeing fine details






34. We see objects because of the light they reflect






35. Failing to detect a present stimulus






36. All the things a person sees trains them to perceive






37. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation

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38. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.






39. Has monocular and binocular cues






40. The optic nerve is made up of...






41. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina






42. Why do cones see better than rods?






43. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.






44. He tendency to group together items that are near each other






45. The pace of vibrations or sound waves per second for a particular sound - determines pitch. Frequencies are measured in Hertz






46. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear






47. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc






48. Rightly stating that no stimulus exists






49. Suggests that subjects detect stimuli not only because they can but also because they want to. TSD factors motivation into the picture.

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50. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.







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