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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing
After light passes through receptors
Visual Cliff
Inner ear
Structuralist Theory
2. Comes from the complexity of the sound wave
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Proximity
Timbre
Lens
3. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.
Outer ear
Closure
McCollough Effect
Differential Threshold
4. Applies to all senses but only to a limited range of intensities. The law states that a stimulus needs to be increased by a constant fraction of its original value in order to be noticeably different
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5. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.
Visual Pathway
Lens
Optic Chasm
Hue
6. Correctly sensing a stimulus
Lens
Hit
Constancy
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
7. Suggests that subjects detect stimuli not only because they can but also because they want to. TSD factors motivation into the picture.
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8. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina
Sensation
Ciliary Muscles
Response Bias
Reception
9. Begins with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which is stretch across the auditory canal. Behind this membrane are the Ossicles (3 small bones) - the last of which is the stapes. Sound vibrations bump against the tympanic membrane - causing the ossicl
Middle ear
Closure
After light passes through receptors
texture gradient
10. Consists of one optic nerve connection each eye to the brain.
Inner ear
Visual Pathway
The visual pathway
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
11. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them
Ponzo Illusion
James Gibson
False alarm
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
12. Is the tendency to make figures out of symmetrical images
Pragnanz
Response Bias
Symmetry
Terminal Threshold
13. Factors into why we see what we expect to see
Cornea
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Mental set
14. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc
Response Bias
Gestalt Psychology
Mental set
Inner ear
15. Gives us clues about how far away an object is if we know about how big the object should be
Color constancy
Absolute threshold
apparent size
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
16. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information
Terminal Threshold
Retina
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Visual Acuity
17. Objects that have been drawn and can be perceived but are geometrically impossible
Photopigments
Impossible Objects
Fechner'S Law
Brightness
18. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green
Fovea
Mental set
Absolute threshold
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
19. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward
Middle ear
Minimum principle
Cornea
Ponzo Illusion
20. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright
James Gibson
Cornea
Absolute threshold
Purkinje shift
21. Best at seeing fine details
Rods
Visual Acuity
Optic Array
Minimum principle
22. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.
Lateral Inhibition
Sensation
Visual Cliff
E.H. Weber
23. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.
Visual Field
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
After light passes through receptors
24. The physical intensity of a sound wave largely determines loudness
3 steps involving sensation
Amplitude
Correct Rejection
Current thinking about sensation and perception
25. The pace of vibrations or sound waves per second for a particular sound - determines pitch. Frequencies are measured in Hertz
Frequency
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Retina
26. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.
Ewald Hering
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Fechner'S Law
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
27. Takes place when receptors for a particular sense detect a stimulus.
Reception
Optic Chasm
Optic Chasm
Nativist Theory
28. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear
Photopigments
Size Constancy
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
29. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.
Outer ear
Receptive Field
Prosopagnosia
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
30. The physical intensity of light
Gestalt Psychology
Cornea
Robert Frantz
Brightness
31. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
Constancy
The visual pathway
32. The way that a single point of light viewed in darkness will appear to shake or move. the reason for this is the movement of our own eyes
Moon Illusion
Proximity
Autokinetic effect
Phi Phenomenon
33. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus
Correct Rejection
Amplitude
Nativist Theory
Receiver operating characteristic
34. The feeling that results from physical stimulation
Optic Chasm
Sensation
Cones
Ganglion cells
35. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances
texture gradient
Cornea
Depth perception
Optic Chasm
36. Is the tendency to create a whole or detailed figure based on our expectations rather than what is seen
Continuation
Constancy
Receptor Cells
Visual Field
37. The center of the retina; has the greatest visual acuity
Fechner'S Law
Minimum principle
Light
Fovea
38. Proposed the opponent color/process theory
Ewald Hering
Weber'S Law
Perceptual Development
Phi Phenomenon
39. Located by the cornea
Closure
Lens
Nativist Theory
Cornea
40. Rods and cones on the retina that are responsible for sensory transduction.
Receptor Cells
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Optic Chasm
Visual Pathway
41. Are particularly sensitive to dim light and are used for night vision. They are also concentrated along the sides of the retina - making them extremely important for peripheral vision
Rods
Dark adaptation
Muller-Lyer Illusion
Gestalt Psychology
42. Consists of the parts you see called the pinna and the auditory canal. Vibrations from sound move down this canal to the middle ear.
Cornea
Outer ear
Structuralist Theory
Hit
43. Famous for the theory of color blindness
Hermann Von Hemholtz
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
False alarm
Symmetry
44. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs
McCollough Effect
3 steps involving sensation
Muller-Lyer Illusion
Optic Chasm
45. Is the tendency to complete incomplete figures
Mental set
Closure
Receiver operating characteristic
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
46. A thick layer of glass above a surface that dropped off sharply. The glass provided solid - level ground doe subjects to move across in spite of the cliff below. Animals and babies were used as subjects and both groups avoided moving into the 'cliff'
Closure
Optic Array
Visual Cliff
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
47. Refers to the entire span that can be perceived or detected by the eye at a given moment.
Visual Field
texture gradient
Phi Phenomenon
Linear perspective
48. The eyes are connected to the cerebral cortex by...
The visual pathway
Inner ear
Moon Illusion
Robert Frantz
49. Is knowing the color of an object even with tinted glasses on
Ponzo Illusion
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Color constancy
Rods
50. The most famous of all visual illusions. Two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of the orientation of the arrow marks at the end. Inward facing arrow marks make the line appear shorter than another line of the same length with ou
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Robert Frantz
Muller-Lyer Illusion
Visual Acuity