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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.
Robert Frantz
Visual Field
Gestalt Psychology
Optic Chasm
2. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.
James Gibson
Purkinje shift
Fechner'S Law
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
3. The chemical that aids the receptor cells in transduction
Photopigments
Reception
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Hue
4. The eyes are connected to the cerebral cortex by...
Figure and ground relationship
False alarm
The visual pathway
After light passes through receptors
5. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye
Cones
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Vision
Cornea
6. Is the inability to recognize faces
Visual Cliff
Prosopagnosia
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
7. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual
The visual pathway
Perception
Dark adaptation
Current thinking about sensation and perception
8. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear
Size Constancy
Outer ear
Cones
Perception
9. How movement is perceived though the displacement of objects over time - and how this motion takes place at seemingly different paces for nearby or faraway objects. Ships far away seem to move more slowly than ships moving at the same speed.
motion parallax
Vision
Minimum principle
Proximity
10. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright
Size Constancy
Gestalt Psychology
Purkinje shift
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
11. Famous for the theory of color blindness
Miss
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Ganglion cells
Pragnanz
12. Electrical impulses travel down these to the brain - where the information is understood
Neural Pathways
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Visual Pathway
13. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.
Terminal Threshold
3 steps involving sensation
After light passes through receptors
Structuralist Theory
14. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear
Brightness
Hit
Terminal Threshold
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
15. After the optic chasm - information travels to the...
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Visual Acuity
Purkinje shift
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
16. The way that a single point of light viewed in darkness will appear to shake or move. the reason for this is the movement of our own eyes
Receptor Cells
Robert Frantz
Autokinetic effect
motion parallax
17. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Frequency
E.H. Weber
Nativist Theory
18. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses
binoculary disparity
Color constancy
Response Bias
Hit
19. Applies to all senses but only to a limited range of intensities. The law states that a stimulus needs to be increased by a constant fraction of its original value in order to be noticeably different
20. Failing to detect a present stimulus
Differential Threshold
Hue
Continuation
Miss
21. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs
Reception
McCollough Effect
Ewald Hering
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
22. humans best hear at
1000hz
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Hit
23. Gives us clues about how far away an object is if we know about how big the object should be
apparent size
Ewald Hering
Gestalt Psychology
Closure
24. 1. closure 2. Proximity 3. Continuation or good continuation 4. Symmetry 5. Constancy 6. Minimum principle
Brightness
Continuation
Pragnanz
Gestat Ideas
25. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.
Receiver operating characteristic
Perceptual Development
Ciliary Muscles
Differential Threshold
26. Along the visual pathway is the...
Optic Chasm
Ganglion cells
Receiver operating characteristic
1000hz
27. The physical intensity of light
James Gibson
Terminal Threshold
Brightness
Impossible Objects
28. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer
Middle ear
interposition
1000hz
Optic Chasm
29. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure
The visual pathway
binoculary disparity
1000hz
Brightness
30. Located by the cornea
Lens
Receptor Cells
Nativist Theory
Symmetry
31. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.
Impossible Objects
Outer ear
Fovea
Pragnanz
32. Consists of the parts you see called the pinna and the auditory canal. Vibrations from sound move down this canal to the middle ear.
Photopigments
Outer ear
Constancy
Figure and ground relationship
33. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc
E.H. Weber
Visual Pathway
Optic Array
Inner ear
34. Is the tendency to complete incomplete figures
Vision
Continuation
Perception
Closure
35. We see objects because of the light they reflect
1000hz
Vision
Phi Phenomenon
Lens
36. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion
Inner ear
Outer ear
Phi Phenomenon
interposition
37. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing
Correct Rejection
Structuralist Theory
Light
Pragnanz
38. Discovered that cells in the visual cortex were so complex and specialized that they respond to certain types of stimuli. For example - some cells only respond to vertical lines - whereas some respond to only right angles.
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Structuralist Theory
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Figure and ground relationship
39. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Constancy
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
texture gradient
40. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.
Robert Frantz
Perceptual Development
Correct Rejection
Visual Field
41. Is the minimum amount of stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time
Pragnanz
Receptive Field
Absolute threshold
Perception
42. Comes from the complexity of the sound wave
Visual Acuity
Moon Illusion
Timbre
Frequency
43. Suggests that subjects detect stimuli not only because they can but also because they want to. TSD factors motivation into the picture.
44. Is knowing the color of an object even with tinted glasses on
Color constancy
Size Constancy
Gestat Ideas
Pragnanz
45. A thick layer of glass above a surface that dropped off sharply. The glass provided solid - level ground doe subjects to move across in spite of the cliff below. Animals and babies were used as subjects and both groups avoided moving into the 'cliff'
Visual Cliff
Receptive Field
Minimum principle
Purkinje shift
46. Has monocular and binocular cues
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
motion parallax
Depth perception
Inner ear
47. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them
Proximity
Visual Acuity
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
Timbre
48. The physical intensity of a sound wave largely determines loudness
Frequency
Sensation
Retina
Amplitude
49. Begins with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which is stretch across the auditory canal. Behind this membrane are the Ossicles (3 small bones) - the last of which is the stapes. Sound vibrations bump against the tympanic membrane - causing the ossicl
Weber'S Law
Middle ear
motion parallax
Ponzo Illusion
50. Consists of one optic nerve connection each eye to the brain.
Visual Field
Visual Pathway
Hermann Von Hemholtz
1000hz