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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing
Structuralist Theory
Closure
Autokinetic effect
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
2. A thick layer of glass above a surface that dropped off sharply. The glass provided solid - level ground doe subjects to move across in spite of the cliff below. Animals and babies were used as subjects and both groups avoided moving into the 'cliff'
Visual Cliff
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Weber'S Law
3. Also known as color - is the dominant wavelength of light
The visual pathway
Muller-Lyer Illusion
Hue
Current thinking about sensation and perception
4. Failing to detect a present stimulus
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Miss
Hue
Constancy
5. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure
binoculary disparity
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
James Gibson
Cones
6. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye
Ponzo Illusion
Mental set
Cornea
3 steps involving sensation
7. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual
interposition
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Terminal Threshold
Cones
8. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation
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9. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.
Frequency
Cornea
After light passes through receptors
Ponzo Illusion
10. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron
Receptive Field
Correct Rejection
Closure
Prosopagnosia
11. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Photopigments
Phi Phenomenon
Minimum principle
12. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances
False alarm
Depth perception
Current thinking about sensation and perception
texture gradient
13. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer
interposition
Moon Illusion
Structuralist Theory
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
14. How we organize or experience sensations
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
Terminal Threshold
Perception
Ciliary Muscles
15. Is the minimum amount of stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time
Terminal Threshold
Prosopagnosia
Absolute threshold
Autokinetic effect
16. Are concentrated in the center of the retina. They are sensitive to color and daylight vision.
Weber'S Law
Color constancy
Structuralist Theory
Cones
17. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.
Miss
Impossible Objects
Lateral Inhibition
Robert Frantz
18. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear
Fechner'S Law
Terminal Threshold
Cornea
motion parallax
19. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.
Gestalt Psychology
Minimum principle
Purkinje shift
motion parallax
20. The physical intensity of light
motion parallax
Absolute threshold
Cornea
Brightness
21. Why do cones see better than rods?
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
motion parallax
Retina
Symmetry
22. Electrical impulses travel down these to the brain - where the information is understood
Weber'S Law
Fovea
Neural Pathways
Depth perception
23. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Frequency
Terminal Threshold
Ciliary Muscles
24. Famous for the theory of color blindness
Lateral Inhibition
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Ewald Hering
Brightness
25. Proposed the tri-color theory - research shows that the opponent-process theory seems to be at work in the Lateral geniculate body - research shows that the tri-color theory seems to be at work in the Retina
Inner ear
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Minimum principle
1000hz
26. 1. Reception 2. Sensory Transduction 3. Neural Pathways
Closure
3 steps involving sensation
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Impossible Objects
27. We see objects because of the light they reflect
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Vision
After light passes through receptors
Miss
28. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information
Middle ear
Retina
Cornea
Visual Field
29. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them
Ewald Hering
Neural Pathways
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
30. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear
Size Constancy
Hue
Gestat Ideas
Receptive Field
31. Is gained by features we are familiar with - such as two seemingly parallel lines that converge with distance
motion parallax
Closure
Frequency
Linear perspective
32. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Robert Frantz
1000hz
Response Bias
33. Is the tendency to create a whole or detailed figure based on our expectations rather than what is seen
James Gibson
Dark adaptation
Purkinje shift
Continuation
34. Rightly stating that no stimulus exists
Rods
Correct Rejection
Amplitude
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
35. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.
Pragnanz
Amplitude
Absolute threshold
Optic Chasm
36. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Phi Phenomenon
Brightness
interposition
37. He tendency to group together items that are near each other
texture gradient
Proximity
Response Bias
Size Constancy
38. After the optic chasm - information travels to the...
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Gestalt Psychology
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Brightness
39. Refers to the relationship between the meaningful part of a picture and the background
Retina
Receptive Field
Figure and ground relationship
Ewald Hering
40. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.
Closure
Brightness
Frequency
Differential Threshold
41. Developed the visual cliff to study whether depth perception was innate
Purkinje shift
Optic Chasm
Mental set
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
42. The center of the retina; has the greatest visual acuity
Fovea
Symmetry
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
E.H. Weber
43. Has monocular and binocular cues
Phi Phenomenon
Depth perception
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
44. Begins with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which is stretch across the auditory canal. Behind this membrane are the Ossicles (3 small bones) - the last of which is the stapes. Sound vibrations bump against the tympanic membrane - causing the ossicl
Middle ear
motion parallax
Closure
False alarm
45. The chemical that aids the receptor cells in transduction
Perception
Photopigments
Visual Cliff
Miss
46. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Constancy
Closure
Ponzo Illusion
47. Is the tendency to make figures out of symmetrical images
Miss
Symmetry
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Current thinking about sensation and perception
48. Found that infants prefer relatively complex and sensational displays
Robert Frantz
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Retina
Terminal Threshold
49. Are particularly sensitive to dim light and are used for night vision. They are also concentrated along the sides of the retina - making them extremely important for peripheral vision
Rods
Gestalt Psychology
Terminal Threshold
Fechner'S Law
50. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc
Timbre
Visual Cliff
Optic Chasm
Inner ear
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