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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Also known as color - is the dominant wavelength of light
Impossible Objects
Ganglion cells
Hue
Visual Field
2. Asserts that perception and cognition are largely innate
Weber'S Law
apparent size
Amplitude
Nativist Theory
3. Factors into why we see what we expect to see
Mental set
Purkinje shift
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Perception
4. Developed the visual cliff to study whether depth perception was innate
Optic Chasm
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Gestalt Psychology
Color constancy
5. A thick layer of glass above a surface that dropped off sharply. The glass provided solid - level ground doe subjects to move across in spite of the cliff below. Animals and babies were used as subjects and both groups avoided moving into the 'cliff'
Retina
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Optic Chasm
Visual Cliff
6. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc
Inner ear
3 steps involving sensation
Closure
Visual Acuity
7. Is composed of photons and waves measured by brightness and wavelengths
Light
Outer ear
Retina
Continuation
8. How movement is perceived though the displacement of objects over time - and how this motion takes place at seemingly different paces for nearby or faraway objects. Ships far away seem to move more slowly than ships moving at the same speed.
3 steps involving sensation
Moon Illusion
Gestat Ideas
motion parallax
9. humans best hear at
motion parallax
1000hz
Inner ear
Structuralist Theory
10. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation
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11. Discovered that cells in the visual cortex were so complex and specialized that they respond to certain types of stimuli. For example - some cells only respond to vertical lines - whereas some respond to only right angles.
Mental set
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
texture gradient
Optic Array
12. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs
texture gradient
Hermann Von Hemholtz
McCollough Effect
Continuation
13. Is the tendency to make figures out of symmetrical images
Nativist Theory
Frequency
apparent size
Symmetry
14. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron
Receptive Field
James Gibson
Hit
Fechner'S Law
15. After the optic chasm - information travels to the...
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Hue
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Symmetry
16. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them
The visual pathway
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
E.H. Weber
Purkinje shift
17. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.
Gestat Ideas
Autokinetic effect
Optic Chasm
Ewald Hering
18. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward
Correct Rejection
Color constancy
Ponzo Illusion
James Gibson
19. Proposed the tri-color theory - research shows that the opponent-process theory seems to be at work in the Lateral geniculate body - research shows that the tri-color theory seems to be at work in the Retina
Visual Pathway
Light
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Robert Frantz
20. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.
motion parallax
Brightness
Differential Threshold
E.H. Weber
21. Rightly stating that no stimulus exists
Correct Rejection
Visual Acuity
Closure
After light passes through receptors
22. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.
Neural Pathways
Lateral Inhibition
Inner ear
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
23. Located by the cornea
Prosopagnosia
Size Constancy
Lens
Photopigments
24. Takes place when receptors for a particular sense detect a stimulus.
False alarm
Reception
Mental set
Retina
25. Are particularly sensitive to dim light and are used for night vision. They are also concentrated along the sides of the retina - making them extremely important for peripheral vision
Fechner'S Law
Prosopagnosia
3 steps involving sensation
Rods
26. Correctly sensing a stimulus
Frequency
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Visual Field
Hit
27. Is knowing the color of an object even with tinted glasses on
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Cornea
Size Constancy
Color constancy
28. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure
binoculary disparity
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
texture gradient
Ganglion cells
29. Is the result of regeneration of retinal pigment
Ewald Hering
Dark adaptation
Moon Illusion
Amplitude
30. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses
Fovea
Optic Array
Response Bias
interposition
31. Applies to all senses but only to a limited range of intensities. The law states that a stimulus needs to be increased by a constant fraction of its original value in order to be noticeably different
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32. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear
Ciliary Muscles
Size Constancy
Response Bias
Timbre
33. Are concentrated in the center of the retina. They are sensitive to color and daylight vision.
Cones
Visual Pathway
Receptor Cells
interposition
34. Is the minimum amount of stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time
E.H. Weber
Response Bias
Cornea
Absolute threshold
35. The most famous of all visual illusions. Two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of the orientation of the arrow marks at the end. Inward facing arrow marks make the line appear shorter than another line of the same length with ou
Muller-Lyer Illusion
Nativist Theory
Closure
Purkinje shift
36. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual
Impossible Objects
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Miss
Figure and ground relationship
37. Refers to the relationship between the meaningful part of a picture and the background
Ponzo Illusion
Symmetry
Vision
Figure and ground relationship
38. 1. Reception 2. Sensory Transduction 3. Neural Pathways
Frequency
3 steps involving sensation
Response Bias
Photopigments
39. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.
After light passes through receptors
Gestat Ideas
Depth perception
Brightness
40. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see
Visual Pathway
Prosopagnosia
Minimum principle
Hermann Von Hemholtz
41. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina
Mental set
texture gradient
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Ciliary Muscles
42. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances
Structuralist Theory
Hue
texture gradient
Moon Illusion
43. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Retina
Closure
The visual pathway
44. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus
Outer ear
binoculary disparity
Receiver operating characteristic
Figure and ground relationship
45. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.
Pragnanz
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Cones
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
46. Proposed the opponent color/process theory
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Differential Threshold
Ewald Hering
James Gibson
47. Found that infants prefer relatively complex and sensational displays
interposition
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Robert Frantz
Receptor Cells
48. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright
E.H. Weber
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Purkinje shift
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
49. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.
Ciliary Muscles
Photopigments
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
Cornea
50. Suggests that subjects detect stimuli not only because they can but also because they want to. TSD factors motivation into the picture.
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