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GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Proposed the opponent color/process theory






2. Rods and cones on the retina that are responsible for sensory transduction.






3. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.






4. The optic nerve is made up of...






5. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.






6. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear






7. The physical intensity of light






8. Refers to the entire span that can be perceived or detected by the eye at a given moment.






9. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green






10. Factors into why we see what we expect to see






11. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing






12. Is knowing the color of an object even with tinted glasses on






13. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus






14. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright






15. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion






16. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye






17. Is gained by features we are familiar with - such as two seemingly parallel lines that converge with distance






18. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances






19. Asserts that perception and cognition are largely innate






20. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure






21. Is the minimum amount of stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time






22. Gives us clues about how far away an object is if we know about how big the object should be






23. Has monocular and binocular cues






24. Discovered that cells in the visual cortex were so complex and specialized that they respond to certain types of stimuli. For example - some cells only respond to vertical lines - whereas some respond to only right angles.






25. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.






26. humans best hear at






27. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.






28. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference






29. Are concentrated in the center of the retina. They are sensitive to color and daylight vision.






30. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation

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31. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron






32. Takes place when receptors for a particular sense detect a stimulus.






33. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear






34. Objects that have been drawn and can be perceived but are geometrically impossible






35. We see objects because of the light they reflect






36. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.






37. All the things a person sees trains them to perceive






38. Is the tendency to create a whole or detailed figure based on our expectations rather than what is seen






39. Why do cones see better than rods?






40. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.






41. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see






42. How movement is perceived though the displacement of objects over time - and how this motion takes place at seemingly different paces for nearby or faraway objects. Ships far away seem to move more slowly than ships moving at the same speed.






43. Famous for the theory of color blindness






44. Also known as color - is the dominant wavelength of light






45. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.






46. Is the tendency to complete incomplete figures






47. Is the inability to recognize faces






48. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc






49. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina






50. 1. closure 2. Proximity 3. Continuation or good continuation 4. Symmetry 5. Constancy 6. Minimum principle







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