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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation
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Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The way that a single point of light viewed in darkness will appear to shake or move. the reason for this is the movement of our own eyes
Cones
Linear perspective
Differential Threshold
Autokinetic effect
2. Is composed of photons and waves measured by brightness and wavelengths
Light
Receiver operating characteristic
interposition
Color constancy
3. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.
Perceptual Development
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Perception
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
4. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see
Light
Minimum principle
Lens
Receptor Cells
5. Objects that have been drawn and can be perceived but are geometrically impossible
Pragnanz
Hit
texture gradient
Impossible Objects
6. The moon looks larger when we see it on the horizon than when we see it in the sky. This is because the horizon contains visual cues that make the moon seem more distant than the overhead sky.
Outer ear
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Moon Illusion
Visual Field
7. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
Reception
Figure and ground relationship
3 steps involving sensation
8. We see objects because of the light they reflect
Vision
1000hz
Pragnanz
Visual Field
9. The center of the retina; has the greatest visual acuity
Ciliary Muscles
Cornea
Fovea
Lens
10. Electrical impulses travel down these to the brain - where the information is understood
Lateral Inhibition
Perceptual Development
Neural Pathways
Muller-Lyer Illusion
11. Are concentrated in the center of the retina. They are sensitive to color and daylight vision.
Cones
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
James Gibson
12. Failing to detect a present stimulus
Miss
Absolute threshold
1000hz
Cones
13. The feeling that results from physical stimulation
Autokinetic effect
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Sensation
Weber'S Law
14. Best at seeing fine details
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Visual Acuity
Dark adaptation
15. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing
E.H. Weber
Dark adaptation
Ciliary Muscles
Structuralist Theory
16. All the things a person sees trains them to perceive
Optic Array
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Robert Frantz
Ewald Hering
17. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
Continuation
Structuralist Theory
Pragnanz
18. Are particularly sensitive to dim light and are used for night vision. They are also concentrated along the sides of the retina - making them extremely important for peripheral vision
Visual Pathway
Rods
Mental set
Perception
19. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer
interposition
Neural Pathways
Perception
Hermann Von Hemholtz
20. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion
Ponzo Illusion
Rods
Constancy
Phi Phenomenon
21. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information
Retina
Frequency
Optic Chasm
Perception
22. The physical intensity of light
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Prosopagnosia
Brightness
Differential Threshold
23. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.
Optic Array
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Optic Chasm
Fovea
24. A thick layer of glass above a surface that dropped off sharply. The glass provided solid - level ground doe subjects to move across in spite of the cliff below. Animals and babies were used as subjects and both groups avoided moving into the 'cliff'
Frequency
Visual Cliff
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Visual Pathway
25. Proposed the perceptual development and optic array
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Middle ear
Muller-Lyer Illusion
James Gibson
26. Proposed the opponent color/process theory
Dark adaptation
Constancy
Ewald Hering
3 steps involving sensation
27. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward
Ponzo Illusion
Lens
Middle ear
Outer ear
28. He tendency to group together items that are near each other
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Proximity
1000hz
Amplitude
29. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus
Light
Brightness
Frequency
Receiver operating characteristic
30. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.
Visual Cliff
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
False alarm
Gestalt Psychology
31. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference
The visual pathway
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
E.H. Weber
32. Refers to the relationship between the meaningful part of a picture and the background
Figure and ground relationship
Mental set
Outer ear
Prosopagnosia
33. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc
The visual pathway
Inner ear
Nativist Theory
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
34. Is the result of regeneration of retinal pigment
Perception
Reception
Dark adaptation
Phi Phenomenon
35. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.
Lateral Inhibition
Lens
Ewald Hering
Structuralist Theory
36. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear
Color constancy
Size Constancy
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
Frequency
37. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright
Purkinje shift
Proximity
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Fovea
38. Famous for the theory of color blindness
After light passes through receptors
Response Bias
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Ciliary Muscles
39. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure
Fechner'S Law
The visual pathway
binoculary disparity
Continuation
40. Found that infants prefer relatively complex and sensational displays
Differential Threshold
Robert Frantz
Dark adaptation
Hit
41. Is the tendency to make figures out of symmetrical images
Frequency
Ponzo Illusion
Visual Cliff
Symmetry
42. Suggests that subjects detect stimuli not only because they can but also because they want to. TSD factors motivation into the picture.
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43. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs
McCollough Effect
Reception
After light passes through receptors
Perception
44. Factors into why we see what we expect to see
texture gradient
Differential Threshold
Mental set
Impossible Objects
45. Is the tendency to create a whole or detailed figure based on our expectations rather than what is seen
Continuation
texture gradient
Optic Array
Robert Frantz
46. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them
Minimum principle
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
Ponzo Illusion
Depth perception
47. Proposed the tri-color theory - research shows that the opponent-process theory seems to be at work in the Lateral geniculate body - research shows that the tri-color theory seems to be at work in the Retina
apparent size
Ciliary Muscles
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Photopigments
48. Gives us clues about how far away an object is if we know about how big the object should be
apparent size
Photopigments
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Perceptual Development
49. Why do cones see better than rods?
Correct Rejection
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Perceptual Development
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
50. Has monocular and binocular cues
Depth perception
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Inner ear
Perception