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GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation

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2. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright






3. Correctly sensing a stimulus






4. How movement is perceived though the displacement of objects over time - and how this motion takes place at seemingly different paces for nearby or faraway objects. Ships far away seem to move more slowly than ships moving at the same speed.






5. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing






6. Begins with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which is stretch across the auditory canal. Behind this membrane are the Ossicles (3 small bones) - the last of which is the stapes. Sound vibrations bump against the tympanic membrane - causing the ossicl






7. We see objects because of the light they reflect






8. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference






9. Proposed the perceptual development and optic array






10. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer






11. Saying you detect a stimulus that is not there






12. The way that a single point of light viewed in darkness will appear to shake or move. the reason for this is the movement of our own eyes






13. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them






14. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses






15. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.






16. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure






17. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear






18. Has monocular and binocular cues






19. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron






20. Located by the cornea






21. Is the minimum amount of stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time






22. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.






23. Suggests that subjects detect stimuli not only because they can but also because they want to. TSD factors motivation into the picture.

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24. Consists of one optic nerve connection each eye to the brain.






25. Proposed the tri-color theory - research shows that the opponent-process theory seems to be at work in the Lateral geniculate body - research shows that the tri-color theory seems to be at work in the Retina






26. Is the tendency to make figures out of symmetrical images






27. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion






28. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.






29. Consists of the parts you see called the pinna and the auditory canal. Vibrations from sound move down this canal to the middle ear.






30. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.






31. The center of the retina; has the greatest visual acuity






32. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see






33. Developed the visual cliff to study whether depth perception was innate






34. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina






35. A thick layer of glass above a surface that dropped off sharply. The glass provided solid - level ground doe subjects to move across in spite of the cliff below. Animals and babies were used as subjects and both groups avoided moving into the 'cliff'






36. Rightly stating that no stimulus exists






37. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances






38. Gives us clues about how far away an object is if we know about how big the object should be






39. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.






40. Is composed of photons and waves measured by brightness and wavelengths






41. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.






42. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green






43. Asserts that perception and cognition are largely innate






44. 1. closure 2. Proximity 3. Continuation or good continuation 4. Symmetry 5. Constancy 6. Minimum principle






45. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear






46. The optic nerve is made up of...






47. How we organize or experience sensations






48. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.






49. The feeling that results from physical stimulation






50. Discovered that cells in the visual cortex were so complex and specialized that they respond to certain types of stimuli. For example - some cells only respond to vertical lines - whereas some respond to only right angles.