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GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses






2. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer






3. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion






4. He tendency to group together items that are near each other






5. Best at seeing fine details






6. Electrical impulses travel down these to the brain - where the information is understood






7. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.






8. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.






9. After the optic chasm - information travels to the...






10. Along the visual pathway is the...






11. The moon looks larger when we see it on the horizon than when we see it in the sky. This is because the horizon contains visual cues that make the moon seem more distant than the overhead sky.






12. Applies to all senses but only to a limited range of intensities. The law states that a stimulus needs to be increased by a constant fraction of its original value in order to be noticeably different

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13. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference






14. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information






15. Proposed the opponent color/process theory






16. Correctly sensing a stimulus






17. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them






18. Has monocular and binocular cues






19. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure






20. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green






21. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation

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22. Takes place when receptors for a particular sense detect a stimulus.






23. Objects that have been drawn and can be perceived but are geometrically impossible






24. Begins with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which is stretch across the auditory canal. Behind this membrane are the Ossicles (3 small bones) - the last of which is the stapes. Sound vibrations bump against the tympanic membrane - causing the ossicl






25. Consists of one optic nerve connection each eye to the brain.






26. Refers to the relationship between the meaningful part of a picture and the background






27. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual






28. The physical intensity of light






29. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing






30. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.






31. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus






32. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear






33. Refers to the entire span that can be perceived or detected by the eye at a given moment.






34. The eyes are connected to the cerebral cortex by...






35. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina






36. Is knowing the color of an object even with tinted glasses on






37. Is the inability to recognize faces






38. How we organize or experience sensations






39. humans best hear at






40. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright






41. Is the minimum amount of stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time






42. Failing to detect a present stimulus






43. The center of the retina; has the greatest visual acuity






44. All the things a person sees trains them to perceive






45. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs






46. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.






47. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear






48. The pace of vibrations or sound waves per second for a particular sound - determines pitch. Frequencies are measured in Hertz






49. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.






50. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.







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