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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation
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Subjects
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gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses
Receptor Cells
Symmetry
Response Bias
Constancy
2. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer
Photopigments
interposition
apparent size
Visual Cliff
3. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion
Phi Phenomenon
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Prosopagnosia
Correct Rejection
4. He tendency to group together items that are near each other
Perception
Proximity
apparent size
Brightness
5. Best at seeing fine details
Visual Acuity
Miss
Phi Phenomenon
Current thinking about sensation and perception
6. Electrical impulses travel down these to the brain - where the information is understood
Neural Pathways
Rods
Dark adaptation
Miss
7. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.
Purkinje shift
Hue
Size Constancy
After light passes through receptors
8. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.
Timbre
Pragnanz
Hue
Differential Threshold
9. After the optic chasm - information travels to the...
Constancy
Perception
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Mental set
10. Along the visual pathway is the...
Receiver operating characteristic
Closure
Visual Pathway
Optic Chasm
11. The moon looks larger when we see it on the horizon than when we see it in the sky. This is because the horizon contains visual cues that make the moon seem more distant than the overhead sky.
Moon Illusion
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Size Constancy
Linear perspective
12. Applies to all senses but only to a limited range of intensities. The law states that a stimulus needs to be increased by a constant fraction of its original value in order to be noticeably different
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13. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference
E.H. Weber
texture gradient
Prosopagnosia
Visual Pathway
14. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Retina
motion parallax
Size Constancy
15. Proposed the opponent color/process theory
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Cornea
Ewald Hering
Size Constancy
16. Correctly sensing a stimulus
binoculary disparity
Hit
Miss
James Gibson
17. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them
Visual Cliff
Robert Frantz
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
18. Has monocular and binocular cues
Brightness
Absolute threshold
Depth perception
Response Bias
19. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure
Purkinje shift
Reception
binoculary disparity
Nativist Theory
20. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green
Receptive Field
Sensation
Neural Pathways
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
21. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation
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22. Takes place when receptors for a particular sense detect a stimulus.
Lens
Receptive Field
Reception
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
23. Objects that have been drawn and can be perceived but are geometrically impossible
Impossible Objects
3 steps involving sensation
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Pragnanz
24. Begins with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which is stretch across the auditory canal. Behind this membrane are the Ossicles (3 small bones) - the last of which is the stapes. Sound vibrations bump against the tympanic membrane - causing the ossicl
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Frequency
Middle ear
texture gradient
25. Consists of one optic nerve connection each eye to the brain.
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)
Timbre
Optic Chasm
Visual Pathway
26. Refers to the relationship between the meaningful part of a picture and the background
Figure and ground relationship
Optic Array
Receptive Field
Reception
27. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual
Visual Acuity
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Frequency
Impossible Objects
28. The physical intensity of light
apparent size
Brightness
Receiver operating characteristic
Dark adaptation
29. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing
Structuralist Theory
Weber'S Law
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Ganglion cells
30. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.
Lens
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
The visual pathway
Figure and ground relationship
31. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus
Receiver operating characteristic
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
interposition
Correct Rejection
32. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear
Symmetry
Size Constancy
3 steps involving sensation
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
33. Refers to the entire span that can be perceived or detected by the eye at a given moment.
Visual Field
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Nativist Theory
34. The eyes are connected to the cerebral cortex by...
Structuralist Theory
Optic Chasm
The visual pathway
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
35. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Visual Cliff
E.H. Weber
Ciliary Muscles
36. Is knowing the color of an object even with tinted glasses on
Constancy
Color constancy
interposition
Autokinetic effect
37. Is the inability to recognize faces
Prosopagnosia
Proximity
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Hue
38. How we organize or experience sensations
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Dark adaptation
Ganglion cells
Perception
39. humans best hear at
Receptor Cells
1000hz
Phi Phenomenon
Absolute threshold
40. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright
Timbre
motion parallax
Gestalt Psychology
Purkinje shift
41. Is the minimum amount of stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time
Visual Acuity
Moon Illusion
Absolute threshold
3 steps involving sensation
42. Failing to detect a present stimulus
James Gibson
Miss
Receiver operating characteristic
Receptive Field
43. The center of the retina; has the greatest visual acuity
Cornea
Ponzo Illusion
Inner ear
Fovea
44. All the things a person sees trains them to perceive
Hit
Structuralist Theory
Weber'S Law
Optic Array
45. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
3 steps involving sensation
McCollough Effect
Hue
46. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.
Perceptual Development
Fovea
motion parallax
Size Constancy
47. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Phi Phenomenon
Terminal Threshold
Moon Illusion
48. The pace of vibrations or sound waves per second for a particular sound - determines pitch. Frequencies are measured in Hertz
interposition
Receptive Field
Frequency
Perception
49. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.
Striate cortex to the visual association areas of the cortex
Constancy
Dark adaptation
Rods
50. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.
binoculary disparity
Perceptual Development
Symmetry
Pragnanz
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