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GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Applies to all senses but only to a limited range of intensities. The law states that a stimulus needs to be increased by a constant fraction of its original value in order to be noticeably different


2. Takes place when receptors for a particular sense detect a stimulus.






3. A thick layer of glass above a surface that dropped off sharply. The glass provided solid - level ground doe subjects to move across in spite of the cliff below. Animals and babies were used as subjects and both groups avoided moving into the 'cliff'






4. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye






5. Proposed the perceptual development and optic array






6. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green






7. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward






8. Best at seeing fine details






9. The physical intensity of a sound wave largely determines loudness






10. The physical intensity of light






11. Is composed of photons and waves measured by brightness and wavelengths






12. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation


13. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.






14. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.






15. Asserts that perception and cognition are largely innate






16. Factors into why we see what we expect to see






17. Consists of one optic nerve connection each eye to the brain.






18. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see






19. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc






20. Developed the visual cliff to study whether depth perception was innate






21. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses






22. Found that infants prefer relatively complex and sensational displays






23. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.






24. Is gained by features we are familiar with - such as two seemingly parallel lines that converge with distance






25. How we organize or experience sensations






26. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances






27. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright






28. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.






29. After the optic chasm - information travels to the...






30. The moon looks larger when we see it on the horizon than when we see it in the sky. This is because the horizon contains visual cues that make the moon seem more distant than the overhead sky.






31. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear






32. Comes from the complexity of the sound wave






33. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron






34. The center of the retina; has the greatest visual acuity






35. Correctly sensing a stimulus






36. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear






37. Is the tendency to make figures out of symmetrical images






38. Are particularly sensitive to dim light and are used for night vision. They are also concentrated along the sides of the retina - making them extremely important for peripheral vision






39. Saying you detect a stimulus that is not there






40. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.






41. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.






42. The eyes are connected to the cerebral cortex by...






43. Electrical impulses travel down these to the brain - where the information is understood






44. Rightly stating that no stimulus exists






45. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure






46. 1. closure 2. Proximity 3. Continuation or good continuation 4. Symmetry 5. Constancy 6. Minimum principle






47. Begins with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which is stretch across the auditory canal. Behind this membrane are the Ossicles (3 small bones) - the last of which is the stapes. Sound vibrations bump against the tympanic membrane - causing the ossicl






48. The pace of vibrations or sound waves per second for a particular sound - determines pitch. Frequencies are measured in Hertz






49. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina






50. The chemical that aids the receptor cells in transduction