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GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing






2. A thick layer of glass above a surface that dropped off sharply. The glass provided solid - level ground doe subjects to move across in spite of the cliff below. Animals and babies were used as subjects and both groups avoided moving into the 'cliff'






3. Also known as color - is the dominant wavelength of light






4. Failing to detect a present stimulus






5. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure






6. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye






7. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual






8. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation

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9. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.






10. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron






11. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion






12. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances






13. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer






14. How we organize or experience sensations






15. Is the minimum amount of stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time






16. Are concentrated in the center of the retina. They are sensitive to color and daylight vision.






17. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.






18. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear






19. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.






20. The physical intensity of light






21. Why do cones see better than rods?






22. Electrical impulses travel down these to the brain - where the information is understood






23. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina






24. Famous for the theory of color blindness






25. Proposed the tri-color theory - research shows that the opponent-process theory seems to be at work in the Lateral geniculate body - research shows that the tri-color theory seems to be at work in the Retina






26. 1. Reception 2. Sensory Transduction 3. Neural Pathways






27. We see objects because of the light they reflect






28. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information






29. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them






30. Knowing that an elephant is large no matter how it might appear






31. Is gained by features we are familiar with - such as two seemingly parallel lines that converge with distance






32. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses






33. Is the tendency to create a whole or detailed figure based on our expectations rather than what is seen






34. Rightly stating that no stimulus exists






35. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.






36. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.






37. He tendency to group together items that are near each other






38. After the optic chasm - information travels to the...






39. Refers to the relationship between the meaningful part of a picture and the background






40. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.






41. Developed the visual cliff to study whether depth perception was innate






42. The center of the retina; has the greatest visual acuity






43. Has monocular and binocular cues






44. Begins with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which is stretch across the auditory canal. Behind this membrane are the Ossicles (3 small bones) - the last of which is the stapes. Sound vibrations bump against the tympanic membrane - causing the ossicl






45. The chemical that aids the receptor cells in transduction






46. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward






47. Is the tendency to make figures out of symmetrical images






48. Found that infants prefer relatively complex and sensational displays






49. Are particularly sensitive to dim light and are used for night vision. They are also concentrated along the sides of the retina - making them extremely important for peripheral vision






50. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc







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