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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.
Constancy
motion parallax
Closure
Ganglion cells
2. All the things a person sees trains them to perceive
Optic Array
Perceptual Development
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
Brightness
3. Are concentrated in the center of the retina. They are sensitive to color and daylight vision.
Cones
Optic Chasm
1000hz
Light
4. Found that infants prefer relatively complex and sensational displays
Structuralist Theory
Robert Frantz
Receiver operating characteristic
Receptive Field
5. Located in the back of the eye - receives light images from the lens. It is composed of about 30 million photoreceptor cells and of other cell layers that process information
Retina
Size Constancy
Hue
Constancy
6. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.
Optic Chasm
1000hz
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Pragnanz
7. Has been explained as the increasing ability of a child to make finer discriminations among stimuli.
Visual Pathway
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Perceptual Development
Neural Pathways
8. Defined the Just Noticeable Difference
E.H. Weber
Inner ear
Size Constancy
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
9. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.
Timbre
Receiver operating characteristic
Pragnanz
Differential Threshold
10. Suggests that there are three types of receptors in the retina: cones that respond to red - blue - or green
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
The visual pathway
Dark adaptation
11. Refers to the relationship between the meaningful part of a picture and the background
Optic Array
Retina
Figure and ground relationship
Sensation
12. We see objects because of the light they reflect
Vision
Perceptual Development
Amplitude
Pragnanz
13. Is the upper limit above which the stimuli can no longer be perceived. -The highest pitch sound a human could hear
Neural Pathways
Prosopagnosia
Terminal Threshold
Mental set
14. How movement is perceived though the displacement of objects over time - and how this motion takes place at seemingly different paces for nearby or faraway objects. Ships far away seem to move more slowly than ships moving at the same speed.
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
Purkinje shift
Hermann Von Hemholtz
motion parallax
15. Is the tendency to make figures out of symmetrical images
Symmetry
apparent size
Hit
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
16. The physical intensity of a sound wave largely determines loudness
Amplitude
Structuralist Theory
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Gestat Ideas
17. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.
Receptive Field
apparent size
Lateral Inhibition
Vision
18. Best at seeing fine details
Visual Acuity
Frequency
Hermann Von Hemholtz
Retina
19. humans best hear at
Nativist Theory
Continuation
Constancy
1000hz
20. Comes from the complexity of the sound wave
Constancy
Timbre
Amplitude
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
21. Is the way that perceived color brightness changes with the level of illumination in the room. With lower levels of illumination - the extremes of the color spectrum (especially red) are seen as less bright
Symmetry
Cones
Purkinje shift
Depth perception
22. Has been called the most important depth cue. Our eyes view objects from two slightly different angles - which allows us to create a 3-dimensional figure
Photopigments
Optic Chasm
binoculary disparity
Hit
23. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion
Figure-Ground Reversal Patterns (illusion)
Phi Phenomenon
Ponzo Illusion
Robert Frantz
24. The moon looks larger when we see it on the horizon than when we see it in the sky. This is because the horizon contains visual cues that make the moon seem more distant than the overhead sky.
Moon Illusion
Ewald Hering
E.H. Weber
Visual Acuity
25. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing
Tri-color Theory (component theory)
James Gibson
Structuralist Theory
Perception
26. Is the tendency to create a whole or detailed figure based on our expectations rather than what is seen
Continuation
Ganglion cells
Photopigments
binoculary disparity
27. Consists of the bony labyrinth - a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts: The cochlea - dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electroc
Perception
Ewald Hering
Inner ear
Purkinje shift
28. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.
Gestalt Psychology
Reception
interposition
Optic Chasm
29. Allow the cornea to bend (accommodate) in order to focus an image of the outside world onto the retina
Size Constancy
Miss
Fovea
Ciliary Muscles
30. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye
Constancy
Fovea
Cornea
Lateral Inhibition
31. Why do cones see better than rods?
Dark adaptation
E.H. Weber
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
motion parallax
32. Curces are graphical representations of a subject'S sensitivity to a stimulus
Retina
Receiver operating characteristic
James Gibson
apparent size
33. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron
Outer ear
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
Receptive Field
Prosopagnosia
34. Proposed the tri-color theory - research shows that the opponent-process theory seems to be at work in the Lateral geniculate body - research shows that the tri-color theory seems to be at work in the Retina
Thomas Young and Hermann von Hemholtz
interposition
Ewald Hering
Color constancy
35. Discovered that cells in the visual cortex were so complex and specialized that they respond to certain types of stimuli. For example - some cells only respond to vertical lines - whereas some respond to only right angles.
3 steps involving sensation
Visual Cliff
interposition
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
36. A theory for color vision. It suggests that two types of color sensitive cells exist: Cones that respond to blue-yellow colors and cones that respond to red-green. When one color of the cone is stimulated - the other is inhibited.
Depth perception
Autokinetic effect
Structuralist Theory
Opponent Color or Opponent Process Theory
37. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer
interposition
Phi Phenomenon
E.H. Weber
The visual pathway
38. Asserts that perception and cognition are largely innate
Timbre
Mental set
Nativist Theory
James Gibson
39. Factors into why we see what we expect to see
Mental set
Structuralist Theory
Cones
3 steps involving sensation
40. The feeling that results from physical stimulation
Miss
Visual Cliff
Sensation
Gestat Ideas
41. 1. Reception 2. Sensory Transduction 3. Neural Pathways
motion parallax
3 steps involving sensation
Nativist Theory
Cornea
42. Suggests that subjects detect stimuli not only because they can but also because they want to. TSD factors motivation into the picture.
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43. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs
Ciliary Muscles
Current thinking about sensation and perception
Terminal Threshold
McCollough Effect
44. He tendency to group together items that are near each other
Reception
Timbre
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Proximity
45. The way that a single point of light viewed in darkness will appear to shake or move. the reason for this is the movement of our own eyes
Light
Autokinetic effect
Cornea
Optic Chasm
46. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see
Sensation
Impossible Objects
James Gibson
Minimum principle
47. Proposed the opponent color/process theory
Cornea
There are fewer cones per ganglion cells
Ewald Hering
Receiver operating characteristic
48. The chemical that aids the receptor cells in transduction
Differential Threshold
Photopigments
J.A. Swet'S Theory of Single Detection (TSD)
Inner ear
49. Located by the cornea
Muller-Lyer Illusion
Lens
Size Constancy
Prosopagnosia
50. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them
Autokinetic effect
Minimum principle
Symmetry
Ambiguous Figures (illusion)