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GRE Psychology: Perception Sensation

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is the tendency to see what is easiest or logical to see






2. Involves both innate/sensory and is partially learned/conceptual






3. Is the tendency to create a whole or detailed figure based on our expectations rather than what is seen






4. Discovered that cells in the visual cortex were so complex and specialized that they respond to certain types of stimuli. For example - some cells only respond to vertical lines - whereas some respond to only right angles.






5. The overarching Gestalt idea that experience will be organized as meaningful - symmetrical - and simple whenever possible.






6. Revolves around perception and asserts that people tend to see the world as comprised of organized wholes. The world is understood through top-down processing.






7. Is composed of photons and waves measured by brightness and wavelengths






8. Is the result of regeneration of retinal pigment






9. It travels through the horizontal cells to the bipolar cells to the amacrine cells. Finally the information heads to the ganglion cells.






10. Consists of one optic nerve connection each eye to the brain.






11. The eyes are connected to the cerebral cortex by...






12. Ambiguous figures - such as the Rubin vase. They can be perceived as two different things depending on which part you see as the figure and which part you see as the background.






13. Along the visual pathway is the...






14. Famous for the theory of color blindness






15. The clear protective coating on the outside of the eye






16. Also known as just noticeable difference. The minimum difference that must occur between two stimuli - in order for them to be perceived as having different intensities.






17. Developed the visual cliff to study whether depth perception was innate






18. Gives us clues about how far away an object is if we know about how big the object should be






19. Allows the eyes to see contrast and prevents repetitive information from being sent to the brain. Once the receptor cell is stimulated - the others nearby are inhibited.






20. Is the tendency to complete incomplete figures






21. Applies to all senses but only to a limited range of intensities. The law states that a stimulus needs to be increased by a constant fraction of its original value in order to be noticeably different

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22. Factors into why we see what we expect to see






23. The moon looks larger when we see it on the horizon than when we see it in the sky. This is because the horizon contains visual cues that make the moon seem more distant than the overhead sky.






24. Refers to how we see texture or fine detail differently from different distances






25. The pace of vibrations or sound waves per second for a particular sound - determines pitch. Frequencies are measured in Hertz






26. Consists of the parts you see called the pinna and the auditory canal. Vibrations from sound move down this canal to the middle ear.






27. Located by the cornea






28. How people perceive objects in the way that they are familiar with them - regardless of changes in the actual retinal image. A book - for example - is perceived as rectangular in shape no matter what angle it is seen from.






29. Says that the strength of a stimulus must be significantly increased to produce a slight difference in sensation

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30. Objects that have been drawn and can be perceived but are geometrically impossible






31. The tendency to perceive a smooth motion. This explains why motion is perceived when there is none - often by the use of flashing lights or rapidly shown still-fram pictures - such as in the perception of cartoons. This is apparent motion






32. How we organize or experience sensations






33. After images are perceived because of fatigued receptors. Because our eyes have a partially oppositional system for seeing colors - such as red-green or black-white - once on side is overstimulated and fatigued - it can no longer respond and is overs






34. Takes place when receptors for a particular sense detect a stimulus.






35. Best at seeing fine details






36. Where half of all fibers from the optic nerve of each eye cross over and join the optic nerve from the other eye. This insures input from each eye will be put together in a full picture in the brain.






37. Also known as color - is the dominant wavelength of light






38. Asserts that perception is the sum total of sensory input. The world is understood through bottom-up processing






39. Is when two horizontal lines of equal length appear unequal because of two vertical lines that slant inward






40. The part of the world that triggers a particular neuron






41. The feeling that results from physical stimulation






42. Can be perceived as two different things depending on how you look at them






43. Or overlap of objects shows which objects are closer






44. The way that a single point of light viewed in darkness will appear to shake or move. the reason for this is the movement of our own eyes






45. Individuals are partly motivated by rewards and costs in detection. The interplay between response bias and stimulus intensity determines responses






46. The optic nerve is made up of...






47. 1. closure 2. Proximity 3. Continuation or good continuation 4. Symmetry 5. Constancy 6. Minimum principle






48. 1. Reception 2. Sensory Transduction 3. Neural Pathways






49. Is gained by features we are familiar with - such as two seemingly parallel lines that converge with distance






50. Rods and cones on the retina that are responsible for sensory transduction.







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