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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






2. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






3. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






4. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






5. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






6. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






7. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






8. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






9. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






10. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






11. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






12. Made up of brain and spinal cord






13. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






14. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






15. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






16. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






17. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






18. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






19. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






20. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






21. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






22. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






23. Connections between brain and spine






24. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






25. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






26. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






27. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






28. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






29. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






30. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






31. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






32. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






33. Gray matter - white matter






34. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






35. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






36. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






37. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






38. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






39. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






40. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






41. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






42. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






43. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






44. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






45. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






46. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






47. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






48. Provide myelin in central nervous system






49. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






50. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus