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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Holds neurotransmitters






2. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






3. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






4. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






5. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






6. Organizational and activational






7. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






8. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






9. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






10. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






11. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






12. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






13. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






14. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






15. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






16. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






17. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






18. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






19. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






20. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






21. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






22. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






23. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






24. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






25. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






26. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






27. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






28. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






29. Inactivated state of a neuron






30. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






31. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






32. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






33. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






34. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






35. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






36. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






37. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






38. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






39. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






40. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






41. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






42. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






43. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






44. Bumps seen on cortex surface






45. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






46. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






47. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






48. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






49. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






50. Where soma and axon connect