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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S
White matter
Apraxia
Tegmentum
Basal ganglia
2. Gray matter - white matter
postsynaptic potentials
Spine (subsystem)
Cell membrane
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
3. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Organizational hormones
Blood-brain barrier
Amygdala
Synaptic vessels
4. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Postsynaptic cell
Oligodendrocytes
Blood-brain barrier
Sleep spindles
5. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Glutamate
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Thalamus
6. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Hyperphagia
Cell membrane
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Blooming and pruning
7. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Ventricles
Neural synchrony
Cell membrane
Spine (subsystem)
8. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Cortical association areas
Beta waves
Steps in neural transmission
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
9. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
H-Y antigen
Afferent fibers
Rebound effect
Broca'S aphasia
10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Hyperphagia
Axon hillock
Ventricles
Agnosia
11. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Broca'S aphasia
Beta waves
Amygdala
Somatic nervous system
12. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Amino acids
Presynaptic cell
Thalamus
13. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
Diencephalon
androgens (example)
fMRI
Neuromodulators
14. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop
estrogen
Sulci
Relative refractory period
Forebrain (division)
15. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Delta waves
Monoamines
Oligodendrocytes
Hypothalamus
16. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
Beta waves
H-Y antigen
Efferent fibers
Blooming and pruning
17. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
Acetylcholine
Corticospinal tract
Hormones (type)
Dendrites
18. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Cingulate gyrus
Wernicke'S aphasia
Axon hillock
19. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Steps in neural transmission
Spine (subsystem)
Parasympathetic nervous system
Blooming and pruning
20. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Meninges
Amino acids
Myelin sheath
Inferior colliculus
21. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Stereotaxic instruments
fMRI
Blood-brain barrier
Autonomic nervous system
22. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Organizational hormones
Sleep cycles
reuptake
Meninges
23. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Afferent fibers
Tectum
Agonists
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
24. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
oxytocin
Temporal lobe
Alpha waves
Sulci
25. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Temporal lobe
Monoamines
Parietal lobe
menarche
26. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Limbic system
27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Apraxia
estrogen
Meninges
28. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Absolute refractory period
Rebound effect
Beta waves
Frontal lobe
29. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Terminal buttons
Tectum
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Amygdala
30. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Stereotaxic instruments
Autonomic nervous system
31. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Postsynaptic cell
Sulci
Myelencephalon
Neural synchrony
32. Holds neurotransmitters
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Thalamus
Synaptic vessels
Dendrites
33. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Apraxia
Brain evolution
Organizational hormones
Ventricles
34. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Tegmentum
Alexia
Axon
35. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Diencephalon
Cortical association areas
Axon hillock
Cingulate gyrus
36. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
Synaptic vessels
Temporal lobe
Gyri
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
37. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Frontal lobe
Neuron
38. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Parietal lobe
Agonists
Afferent fibers
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
39. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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40. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Indolamines
Afferent fibers
Glial cells
Alexia
41. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Pituitary gland
Sham rage
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Organizational hormones
42. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Tectum
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Gyri
Agnosia
43. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Relative refractory period
Telencephalon
Hindbrain
Nodes of Ranvier
44. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later
estrogen
Sleep cycles
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Reticular formation
45. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Broca'S aphasia
fMRI
Soma
Glutamate
46. Organizational and activational
Alexia
Soma
Gyri
Hormones (type)
47. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Electroencephalogram
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain evolution
Wernicke'S aphasia
48. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
Organizational hormones
Endorphins
Neurotransmitters
Corticospinal tract
49. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
White matter
Synaptic vessels
Alpha waves
Autonomic nervous system
50. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
Neuron
PET
Telencephalon
Meninges