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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Connections between brain and spine






2. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






3. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






4. Inactivated state of a neuron






5. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






6. Gray matter - white matter






7. Provide myelin in central nervous system






8. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






9. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






10. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






11. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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12. Where soma and axon connect






13. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






14. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






15. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






16. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






17. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






18. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






19. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






20. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






21. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






22. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






23. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






24. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






25. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






26. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






27. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






28. Holds neurotransmitters






29. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






30. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






31. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






32. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






33. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






34. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






35. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






36. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






37. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






38. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






39. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






40. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






41. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






42. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






43. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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44. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






45. Organizational and activational






46. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






47. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






48. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






49. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






50. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments