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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Oligodendrocytes
Agonists
Meninges
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
2. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Organizational hormones
Telencephalon
Amino acids
Occipital lobe
3. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
fMRI
Sleep cycles
Inferior colliculus
Absolute refractory period
4. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Glial cells
Sham rage
Rebound effect
Broca'S aphasia
5. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Electroencephalogram
Stereotaxic instruments
Axon hillock
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
6. Connections between brain and spine
Meninges
Corticospinal tract
Axon
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
7. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
Ventricles
White Matter
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Cortical association areas
8. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Amygdala
Metencephalon
Parietal lobe
Glutamate
9. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Pituitary gland
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Stereotaxic instruments
Hypothalamus
10. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed
All-or-none law
Ventricles
Sham rage
androgens (example)
11. Organizational and activational
Soma
All-or-none law
Sympathetic nervous system
Hormones (type)
12. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
postsynaptic potentials
Spine (subsystem)
Thalamus
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
13. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan
Brain evolution
Cell membrane
Sleep spindles
Steps in neural transmission
14. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves
Theta waves
Corticospinal tract
oxytocin
Hyperphagia
15. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Hyperphagia
estrogen
Agonists
reuptake
16. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Delta waves
Hyperphagia
Antagonists
17. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Frontal lobe
Agraphia
Broca'S aphasia
Agonists
18. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Catecholamines
All-or-none law
Corticospinal tract
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
19. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system
Cell membrane
Acetylcholine
Stereotaxic instruments
Sleep cycles
20. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Somatic nervous system
Superior colliculus
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
21. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Temporal lobe
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Steps in neural transmission
Glutamate
22. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell
Agnosia
Neuromodulators
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Pituitary gland
23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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24. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Cortical association areas
Activational hormones
PET
Forebrain (division)
25. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Cell membrane
Cortical association areas
Neurotransmitters
Absolute refractory period
26. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Cingulate gyrus
Agraphia
Sulci
Hindbrain
27. Inactivated state of a neuron
resting potential
Endorphins
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Diencephalon
28. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Theta waves
Autonomic nervous system
Cingulate gyrus
Superior colliculus
29. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Hormones (type)
Agonists
Agraphia
Delta waves
30. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Oligodendrocytes
Hyperphagia
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
31. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
androgens (example)
Presynaptic cell
Ventricles
32. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Brain evolution
Schwann cells
Forebrain (division)
33. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Vasopressin
menarche
Endorphins
androgens (example)
34. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Alpha waves
Sympathetic nervous system
Rebound effect
postsynaptic potentials
35. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Alexia
Ventricles
resting potential
Electroencephalogram
36. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Parietal lobe
Sleep spindles
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Agraphia
37. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
H-Y antigen
Indolamines
Basal ganglia
Sulci
38. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure
Catecholamines
Tegmentum
Sympathetic nervous system
Acetylcholine
39. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Tegmentum
Schwann cells
Blood-brain barrier
Dendrites
40. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Ventricles
Soma
Vasopressin
Tectum
41. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Neural synchrony
Tegmentum
Synapse gap
Cortical association areas
42. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Theta waves
Neuromodulators
fMRI
43. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Indolamines
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Sulci
44. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop
estrogen
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Synaptic vessels
postsynaptic potentials
45. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Terminal buttons
Gyri
Myelencephalon
Neuromodulators
46. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
postsynaptic potentials
Pituitary gland
Glutamate
Efferent fibers
47. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Acetylcholine
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Organizational hormones
48. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
Corticospinal tract
Gyri
Relative refractory period
Dendrites
49. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Alpha waves
Agonists
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
50. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Forebrain (division)
Alpha waves
postsynaptic potentials