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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Forebrain (division)
Synapse gap
Steps in neural transmission
Organizational hormones
2. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Glutamate
Gray matter
Agraphia
Electroencephalogram
3. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Neurotransmitters
Hypothalamus
Gray matter
All-or-none law
4. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system
Pituitary gland
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Spine (subsystem)
Schwann cells
5. Organizational and activational
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Limbic system
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Hormones (type)
6. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
Afferent fibers
Myelencephalon
Alpha waves
Autonomic nervous system
7. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed
Sham rage
Inferior colliculus
Vasopressin
PET
8. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Synapse gap
Basal ganglia
Frontal lobe
Postsynaptic cell
9. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
postsynaptic potentials
Blooming and pruning
Somatic nervous system
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
10. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
menarche
Autonomic nervous system
Diencephalon
estrogen
11. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Oligodendrocytes
All-or-none law
Antagonists
Meninges
12. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Rebound effect
Catecholamines
Agraphia
Postsynaptic cell
13. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Hyperphagia
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Hindbrain
Reticular formation
14. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Cingulate gyrus
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Blood-brain barrier
postsynaptic potentials
15. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Blood-brain barrier
All-or-none law
Synapse gap
Hippocampus
16. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Hippocampus
Basal ganglia
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Hyperphagia
17. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Theta waves
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Monoamines
resting potential
18. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Dendrites
Afferent fibers
Glial cells
Antagonists
19. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Forebrain (division)
oxytocin
Ventricles
20. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop
Apraxia
estrogen
reuptake
Beta waves
21. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Indolamines
Soma
Terminal buttons
Agnosia
22. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
Relative refractory period
androgens (example)
Absolute refractory period
Agonists
23. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Somatic nervous system
Antagonists
fMRI
Brain evolution
24. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Terminal buttons
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Efferent fibers
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
25. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)
Forebrain (division)
Agonists
androgens (example)
Mesencephalon
26. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Synaptic vessels
Forebrain (division)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Delta waves
27. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
Afferent fibers
Meninges
reuptake
Postsynaptic cell
28. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
Alexia
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Agonists
Organizational hormones
29. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Stereotaxic instruments
Terminal buttons
Apraxia
Glutamate
30. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
Dendrites
Cingulate gyrus
Neuron
Sulci
31. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Terminal buttons
Superior colliculus
Nodes of Ranvier
Cortical association areas
32. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Agonists
Hindbrain
Synaptic vessels
33. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Delta waves
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Mesencephalon
Sulci
34. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Organizational hormones
Endorphins
Antagonists
Sham rage
35. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Activational hormones
Forebrain (division)
Parasympathetic nervous system
Afferent fibers
36. Inactivated state of a neuron
resting potential
Telencephalon
Reticular formation
All-or-none law
37. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Metencephalon
Saltatory conduction
Telencephalon
Glial cells
38. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Spine (subsystem)
Gyri
Agraphia
Oligodendrocytes
39. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Organizational hormones
Presynaptic cell
Synaptic vessels
Saltatory conduction
40. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Efferent fibers
Terminal buttons
Blooming and pruning
Saltatory conduction
41. Where soma and axon connect
Hippocampus
Electroencephalogram
Spine (subsystem)
Axon hillock
42. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Terminal buttons
Tectum
Synaptic vessels
PET
43. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Amino acids
Alpha waves
Spine (subsystem)
Absolute refractory period
44. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system
Pituitary gland
PET
White matter
Brain evolution
45. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves
Sleep spindles
Activational hormones
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Theta waves
46. Connections between brain and spine
Absolute refractory period
Catecholamines
Sleep cycles
Corticospinal tract
47. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
White Matter
Temporal lobe
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
48. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Spine (subsystem)
49. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
Sleep spindles
Sympathetic nervous system
Acetylcholine
Nodes of Ranvier
50. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Electroencephalogram
Stereotaxic instruments
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Agraphia