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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






2. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






3. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






4. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






5. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






6. Holds neurotransmitters






7. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






8. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






9. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






10. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






11. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






12. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






13. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






14. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






15. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






16. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






17. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






18. Gray matter - white matter






19. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






20. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






21. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






22. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






23. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






24. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






25. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






26. Provide myelin in central nervous system






27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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28. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






29. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






30. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






31. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






32. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






33. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






34. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






35. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






36. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






37. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






38. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






39. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






40. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






41. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






42. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






43. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






44. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






45. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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46. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






47. Inactivated state of a neuron






48. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






49. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






50. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes