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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves
Axon
Theta waves
androgens (example)
Ventricles
2. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Forebrain (division)
Tectum
Agraphia
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
3. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Catecholamines
Wernicke'S aphasia
Delta waves
Meninges
4. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Temporal lobe
Mesencephalon
Brain evolution
Superior colliculus
5. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Saltatory conduction
Delta waves
Hyperphagia
6. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Saltatory conduction
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Alexia
postsynaptic potentials
7. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Myelin sheath
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Neurotransmitters
Reticular formation
8. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Occipital lobe
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Hyperphagia
Superior colliculus
9. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Glutamate
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Alexia
Stereotaxic instruments
10. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Dendrites
Terminal buttons
Presynaptic cell
Neurotransmitters
11. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Cortical association areas
Pituitary gland
Beta waves
Somatic nervous system
12. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Somatic nervous system
Hippocampus
Autonomic nervous system
Stereotaxic instruments
13. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Indolamines
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
fMRI
Vasopressin
14. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Axon
fMRI
Gyri
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
15. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Efferent fibers
H-Y antigen
Limbic system
Oligodendrocytes
16. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Limbic system
Agraphia
Autonomic nervous system
Alexia
17. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Sulci
Neurotransmitters
Blood-brain barrier
Amino acids
18. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Neurotransmitters
Synapse gap
Electroencephalogram
Myelencephalon
19. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system
Pituitary gland
Frontal lobe
reuptake
Cingulate gyrus
20. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Agraphia
Frontal lobe
Catecholamines
21. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Steps in neural transmission
menarche
Cingulate gyrus
Activational hormones
22. Organizational and activational
Forebrain (division)
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Hormones (type)
Organizational hormones
23. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Cingulate gyrus
Agraphia
Gyri
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
24. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Afferent fibers
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
PET
postsynaptic potentials
25. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Indolamines
Steps in neural transmission
Delta waves
Monoamines
26. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Saltatory conduction
Diencephalon
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Tegmentum
27. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
Glial cells
Acetylcholine
Dendrites
Somatic nervous system
28. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Steps in neural transmission
Acetylcholine
Myelencephalon
Telencephalon
29. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Occipital lobe
Steps in neural transmission
Thalamus
30. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
fMRI
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Indolamines
Frontal lobe
31. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Tegmentum
H-Y antigen
Neuromodulators
Diencephalon
32. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Endorphins
Glial cells
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Forebrain (division)
33. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Relative refractory period
Somatic nervous system
Neural synchrony
Hindbrain
34. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
oxytocin
Hindbrain
Superior colliculus
Reticular formation
35. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
fMRI
Forebrain (division)
H-Y antigen
Alpha waves
36. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Blooming and pruning
Rebound effect
oxytocin
reuptake
37. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Rebound effect
Temporal lobe
Nodes of Ranvier
Axon
38. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Hormones (type)
oxytocin
Indolamines
Frontal lobe
39. Gray matter - white matter
Occipital lobe
Sham rage
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Spine (subsystem)
40. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
White matter
Reticular formation
Myelencephalon
Forebrain (division)
41. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Steps in neural transmission
Neuromodulators
Absolute refractory period
Indolamines
42. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Activational hormones
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Parasympathetic nervous system
43. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Limbic system
Stereotaxic instruments
Absolute refractory period
Sulci
44. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
PET
Activational hormones
Relative refractory period
Metencephalon
45. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
White matter
Gray matter
postsynaptic potentials
Amino acids
46. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
Neural synchrony
Gray matter
Agnosia
Alpha waves
47. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Wernicke'S aphasia
Hyperphagia
Vasopressin
Tectum
48. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
estrogen
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
49. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Steps in neural transmission
Afferent fibers
Sympathetic nervous system
Sleep spindles
50. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
Meninges
Postsynaptic cell
Acetylcholine
androgens (example)