Test your basic knowledge |

GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






2. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






3. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






4. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






5. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






6. Made up of brain and spinal cord






7. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






8. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






9. Fissures seen on cortex surface






10. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






11. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






12. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






13. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






14. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






15. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






16. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






17. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






18. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






19. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






20. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






21. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






22. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






23. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






24. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






25. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






26. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






27. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






28. Inactivated state of a neuron






29. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






30. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






31. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






32. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






33. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






34. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






35. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






36. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






37. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






38. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






39. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






40. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






41. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






42. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






43. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






44. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






45. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






46. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






47. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






48. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






49. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






50. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive