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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Antagonists
Gyri
2. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Beta waves
Agonists
Afferent fibers
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
3. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Postsynaptic cell
Electroencephalogram
Sulci
4. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
Cingulate gyrus
menarche
Hippocampus
reuptake
5. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
Sleep spindles
Dendrites
Limbic system
Mesencephalon
6. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
estrogen
Myelin sheath
Hypothalamus
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
7. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
Neuromodulators
Beta waves
White Matter
Nodes of Ranvier
8. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Diencephalon
Activational hormones
Wernicke'S aphasia
reuptake
9. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Cortical association areas
Neural synchrony
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Hypothalamus
10. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Nodes of Ranvier
Axon hillock
Autonomic nervous system
Cortical association areas
11. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Sympathetic nervous system
oxytocin
Efferent fibers
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
12. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop
Hindbrain
Monoamines
estrogen
Tegmentum
13. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Oligodendrocytes
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Beta waves
Indolamines
14. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Cortical association areas
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Neural synchrony
Wernicke'S aphasia
15. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Ventricles
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Postsynaptic cell
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
16. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Amino acids
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Indolamines
17. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Alexia
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Axon hillock
Schwann cells
18. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Synaptic vessels
Oligodendrocytes
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Apraxia
19. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Occipital lobe
Sham rage
Somatic nervous system
20. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
White Matter
Tectum
Meninges
Glutamate
21. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system
Basal ganglia
Myelencephalon
Pituitary gland
Saltatory conduction
22. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S
Reticular formation
PET
reuptake
Basal ganglia
23. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
postsynaptic potentials
Electroencephalogram
Hindbrain
Sleep spindles
24. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
Afferent fibers
Soma
Basal ganglia
Reticular formation
25. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Spine (subsystem)
Synapse gap
Delta waves
Efferent fibers
26. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Cell membrane
Cortical association areas
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
27. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Stereotaxic instruments
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Autonomic nervous system
28. Holds neurotransmitters
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Synaptic vessels
Beta waves
Efferent fibers
29. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
Axon
Absolute refractory period
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
PET
30. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Neuron
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Spine (subsystem)
Apraxia
31. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Hindbrain
Frontal lobe
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Schwann cells
32. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Antagonists
Limbic system
Cingulate gyrus
Steps in neural transmission
33. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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34. Gray matter - white matter
Parasympathetic nervous system
Organizational hormones
Electroencephalogram
Spine (subsystem)
35. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Somatic nervous system
menarche
Hormones (type)
Soma
36. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Tegmentum
Broca'S aphasia
Amygdala
37. Where soma and axon connect
Glial cells
Hindbrain
Sympathetic nervous system
Axon hillock
38. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
Absolute refractory period
Myelin sheath
Apraxia
White Matter
39. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)
Agonists
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Frontal lobe
reuptake
40. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Steps in neural transmission
Vasopressin
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Soma
41. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
androgens (example)
Axon hillock
Superior colliculus
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
42. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Parietal lobe
Neuron
Oligodendrocytes
43. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Afferent fibers
Thalamus
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Amino acids
44. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
Inferior colliculus
Alpha waves
Sham rage
Electroencephalogram
45. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Parietal lobe
Efferent fibers
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Corticospinal tract
46. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Somatic nervous system
Hippocampus
Cingulate gyrus
Neuron
47. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
Reticular formation
androgens (example)
Organizational hormones
Indolamines
48. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Pituitary gland
Saltatory conduction
Gyri
49. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Neuromodulators
Parietal lobe
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Cell membrane
50. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Basal ganglia
Cingulate gyrus
Blooming and pruning
Meninges