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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






2. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






3. Organizational and activational






4. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






5. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






6. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






7. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






8. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






9. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






10. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






11. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






12. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






13. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






14. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






15. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






16. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






17. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






18. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






19. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






20. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






21. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






22. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






24. Made up of brain and spinal cord






25. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






26. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






27. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






28. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






29. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






30. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






31. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






32. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






33. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






34. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






35. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






36. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






37. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






38. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






39. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






40. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






41. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






42. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






43. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






44. Gray matter - white matter






45. Bumps seen on cortex surface






46. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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47. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






48. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






49. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






50. Provide myelin in central nervous system