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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






2. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






3. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






4. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






5. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






6. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






7. Holds neurotransmitters






8. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






9. Bumps seen on cortex surface






10. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






11. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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12. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






13. Connections between brain and spine






14. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






15. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






16. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






17. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






18. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






19. Organizational and activational






20. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






21. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






22. Where soma and axon connect






23. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






24. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






25. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






26. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






27. Fissures seen on cortex surface






28. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






29. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






30. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






31. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






32. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






33. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






34. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






35. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






36. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






37. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






38. Inactivated state of a neuron






39. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






40. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






41. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






42. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






43. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






44. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






45. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






46. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






47. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






48. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






49. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






50. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed