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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






2. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






3. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






4. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






5. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






6. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






7. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






8. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






9. Provide myelin in central nervous system






10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






11. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






12. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






13. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






14. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






15. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






16. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






17. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






18. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






19. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






20. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






21. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






22. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






23. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






24. Holds neurotransmitters






25. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






26. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






28. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






29. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






30. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






31. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






32. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






33. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






34. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






35. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






36. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






37. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






38. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






39. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






40. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






41. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






42. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






43. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






44. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






45. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






46. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






47. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






48. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






49. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






50. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus