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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






2. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






3. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






4. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






5. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






6. Where soma and axon connect






7. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






8. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






9. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






10. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






11. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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12. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






13. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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14. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






15. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






16. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






17. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






18. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






19. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






20. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






21. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






22. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






23. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






24. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






25. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






26. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






27. Inactivated state of a neuron






28. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






29. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






30. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






31. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






32. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






33. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






34. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






35. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






36. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






37. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






38. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






39. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






40. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






41. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






42. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






43. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






44. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






45. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






46. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






47. Organizational and activational






48. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






49. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






50. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines