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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Brain evolution
menarche
Indolamines
2. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Vasopressin
androgens (example)
postsynaptic potentials
Parasympathetic nervous system
3. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Meninges
Activational hormones
Alexia
Efferent fibers
4. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Alpha waves
Antagonists
Afferent fibers
White matter
5. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Hormones (type)
Synapse gap
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Corticospinal tract
6. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Presynaptic cell
Metencephalon
Cortical association areas
Central Nervous System (CNS)
7. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Agraphia
Gyri
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
White matter
8. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Presynaptic cell
Electroencephalogram
Agnosia
Sulci
9. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
Indolamines
Neuromodulators
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
postsynaptic potentials
10. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Axon hillock
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Cortical association areas
Monoamines
11. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Tectum
Apraxia
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Corticospinal tract
12. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Somatic nervous system
Terminal buttons
Meninges
Autonomic nervous system
13. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes
Inferior colliculus
Somatic nervous system
Mesencephalon
Cingulate gyrus
14. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Organizational hormones
resting potential
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Frontal lobe
15. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Autonomic nervous system
PET
Gyri
Neuromodulators
16. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Temporal lobe
Terminal buttons
Parietal lobe
Sulci
17. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
PET
White matter
Neuromodulators
Neuron
18. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Somatic nervous system
Parietal lobe
Tectum
Theta waves
19. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Alexia
Alpha waves
Organizational hormones
Nodes of Ranvier
20. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
menarche
Hyperphagia
Neuron
21. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Vasopressin
Thalamus
Rebound effect
reuptake
22. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Vasopressin
Organizational hormones
Stereotaxic instruments
23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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24. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Synaptic vessels
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Acetylcholine
Absolute refractory period
25. Organizational and activational
Hypothalamus
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Hormones (type)
Parietal lobe
26. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Diencephalon
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
postsynaptic potentials
Axon
27. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Antagonists
Dendrites
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Diencephalon
28. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Metencephalon
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
29. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
Glutamate
reuptake
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Antagonists
30. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Cingulate gyrus
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Dendrites
Absolute refractory period
31. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Neuron
Synaptic vessels
Monoamines
Oligodendrocytes
32. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
estrogen
Schwann cells
Glutamate
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
33. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Meninges
Synapse gap
Soma
34. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Telencephalon
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Hypothalamus
postsynaptic potentials
35. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Spine (subsystem)
Alpha waves
Hormones (type)
Neuron
36. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Blooming and pruning
Amygdala
Endorphins
Autonomic nervous system
37. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Apraxia
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Basal ganglia
Myelencephalon
38. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Terminal buttons
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Agraphia
Temporal lobe
39. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system
Spine (subsystem)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Schwann cells
40. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Neurotransmitters
Thalamus
Hyperphagia
Steps in neural transmission
41. Connections between brain and spine
Corticospinal tract
Saltatory conduction
Gyri
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
42. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Superior colliculus
Agnosia
Schwann cells
43. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Presynaptic cell
Inferior colliculus
Sleep spindles
Somatic nervous system
44. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Hippocampus
Alexia
Acetylcholine
45. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
Axon hillock
Afferent fibers
Metencephalon
Brain evolution
46. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Cell membrane
Tegmentum
Tectum
Antagonists
47. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
Soma
Basal ganglia
Pituitary gland
Mesencephalon
48. Where soma and axon connect
Parietal lobe
Axon hillock
Apraxia
Absolute refractory period
49. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Central Nervous System (CNS)
fMRI
Mesencephalon
Saltatory conduction
50. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction
Sleep spindles
Axon
Soma
Alexia