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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






2. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






3. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






4. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






5. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






6. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






7. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






8. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






9. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






10. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






11. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






12. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






13. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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14. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






15. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






16. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






17. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






18. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






19. Inactivated state of a neuron






20. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






21. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






22. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






23. Provide myelin in central nervous system






24. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






25. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






26. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






27. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






28. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






29. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






30. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






31. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






32. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






33. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






34. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






35. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






36. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






37. Bumps seen on cortex surface






38. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






39. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






40. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






41. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






42. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






43. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






44. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






45. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






46. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






47. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






48. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






49. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






50. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells