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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where soma and axon connect






2. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






3. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






4. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






5. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






6. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






7. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






8. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






9. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






10. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






11. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






12. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






13. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






14. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






15. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






16. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






17. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






18. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






19. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






20. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






21. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






22. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






23. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






24. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






25. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






26. Organizational and activational






27. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






28. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






29. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






30. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






31. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






32. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






33. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






34. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






35. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






36. Made up of brain and spinal cord






37. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






38. Fissures seen on cortex surface






39. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






40. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






41. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






42. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






43. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






44. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






45. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






46. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






47. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






48. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






49. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






50. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone