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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
postsynaptic potentials
Nodes of Ranvier
Electroencephalogram
Indolamines
2. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Cortical association areas
White Matter
Glial cells
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
3. Organizational and activational
Synapse gap
All-or-none law
Electroencephalogram
Hormones (type)
4. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Organizational hormones
Blooming and pruning
Pituitary gland
Telencephalon
5. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Amino acids
Alpha waves
Organizational hormones
6. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Hippocampus
Diencephalon
Amino acids
Neural synchrony
7. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
reuptake
Myelencephalon
Mesencephalon
Ventricles
8. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Tectum
Afferent fibers
Beta waves
Reticular formation
9. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
PET
Cortical association areas
Telencephalon
Sulci
10. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed
Forebrain (division)
Stereotaxic instruments
Sham rage
Rebound effect
11. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Parietal lobe
fMRI
Superior colliculus
Axon
12. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
Reticular formation
Catecholamines
Cortical association areas
Glutamate
13. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Blood-brain barrier
Limbic system
Agraphia
14. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Metencephalon
Vasopressin
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Parasympathetic nervous system
15. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Glutamate
Efferent fibers
Superior colliculus
Acetylcholine
16. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
androgens (example)
Blooming and pruning
Sulci
Meninges
17. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
Absolute refractory period
Metencephalon
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Hyperphagia
18. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Neuromodulators
Axon hillock
Agonists
menarche
19. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Blood-brain barrier
Sleep spindles
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
20. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
Soma
H-Y antigen
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
21. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Schwann cells
Ventricles
Spine (subsystem)
oxytocin
22. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
Somatic nervous system
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Axon hillock
Amino acids
23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Agraphia
Somatic nervous system
Sulci
Alexia
24. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Autonomic nervous system
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Hippocampus
25. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Postsynaptic cell
Agnosia
Hippocampus
Afferent fibers
26. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Rebound effect
Metencephalon
Agraphia
Amygdala
27. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Temporal lobe
Hypothalamus
Monoamines
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
28. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Hypothalamus
Axon
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Hindbrain
29. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Diencephalon
fMRI
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
30. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Sham rage
Nodes of Ranvier
fMRI
Brain evolution
31. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
White matter
Thalamus
Occipital lobe
Theta waves
32. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Cingulate gyrus
Afferent fibers
Sleep spindles
fMRI
33. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
resting potential
H-Y antigen
Somatic nervous system
Diencephalon
34. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain
Dendrites
Hippocampus
Theta waves
Saltatory conduction
35. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Hypothalamus
Parietal lobe
Agraphia
Rebound effect
36. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Corticospinal tract
Cell membrane
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Hormones (type)
37. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
oxytocin
Vasopressin
Synapse gap
Dendrites
38. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Thalamus
Metencephalon
Somatic nervous system
Myelencephalon
39. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Delta waves
Catecholamines
Alexia
Pituitary gland
40. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Reticular formation
Ventricles
Antagonists
Somatic nervous system
41. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses
H-Y antigen
Activational hormones
Antagonists
Myelin sheath
42. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later
Parasympathetic nervous system
Sleep cycles
Absolute refractory period
Relative refractory period
43. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
menarche
Hindbrain
Somatic nervous system
Monoamines
44. Gray matter - white matter
Spine (subsystem)
Frontal lobe
Neural synchrony
Soma
45. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Neural synchrony
Gyri
Sleep spindles
Steps in neural transmission
46. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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47. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system
Pituitary gland
menarche
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Dendrites
48. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Cortical association areas
Brain evolution
Pituitary gland
Autonomic nervous system
49. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Axon hillock
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Mesencephalon
Metencephalon
50. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Apraxia
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
White Matter
Oligodendrocytes