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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Holds neurotransmitters
Synaptic vessels
Electroencephalogram
Blooming and pruning
Somatic nervous system
2. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
reuptake
Parietal lobe
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Occipital lobe
3. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Neurotransmitters
Limbic system
Diencephalon
Synapse gap
4. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Cell membrane
Dendrites
H-Y antigen
Antagonists
5. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain
Hippocampus
Soma
Catecholamines
Synaptic vessels
6. Organizational and activational
All-or-none law
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Basal ganglia
Hormones (type)
7. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
White matter
Alexia
Beta waves
Reticular formation
8. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes
Synapse gap
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Neuromodulators
Inferior colliculus
9. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later
Relative refractory period
Cortical association areas
Sleep cycles
White matter
10. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Cingulate gyrus
oxytocin
Telencephalon
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
11. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop
Neuromodulators
estrogen
Glutamate
Synapse gap
12. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Acetylcholine
Endorphins
Synapse gap
Alexia
13. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Basal ganglia
Cell membrane
Delta waves
Somatic nervous system
14. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Temporal lobe
Sleep cycles
Gyri
Thyroid stimulating hormone
15. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Monoamines
Brain evolution
Ventricles
Meninges
16. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Postsynaptic cell
Meninges
Sleep spindles
oxytocin
17. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Tegmentum
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Broca'S aphasia
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
18. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation
resting potential
All-or-none law
Agraphia
Tectum
19. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Neuron
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Steps in neural transmission
Occipital lobe
20. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Hypothalamus
Agnosia
Wernicke'S aphasia
Stereotaxic instruments
21. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Afferent fibers
Steps in neural transmission
Sham rage
Myelencephalon
22. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Occipital lobe
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Blood-brain barrier
Absolute refractory period
23. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
Neuromodulators
Alpha waves
Corticospinal tract
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
24. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system
Stereotaxic instruments
Monoamines
Pituitary gland
Amygdala
25. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
estrogen
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Relative refractory period
Glial cells
26. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
Tectum
Monoamines
Forebrain (division)
Indolamines
27. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Hippocampus
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Sleep spindles
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
28. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Activational hormones
Limbic system
Afferent fibers
29. Inactivated state of a neuron
androgens (example)
resting potential
Forebrain (division)
Saltatory conduction
30. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Sleep spindles
Thalamus
Tectum
31. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Rebound effect
Stereotaxic instruments
Cortical association areas
Postsynaptic cell
32. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
fMRI
oxytocin
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Brain evolution
33. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Parasympathetic nervous system
Neural synchrony
Rebound effect
Stereotaxic instruments
34. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Hyperphagia
Electroencephalogram
Inferior colliculus
35. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Vasopressin
Axon
Synapse gap
Hypothalamus
36. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
Neural synchrony
Tectum
Mesencephalon
Agonists
37. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Cortical association areas
Broca'S aphasia
Tegmentum
Neurotransmitters
38. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Parasympathetic nervous system
Broca'S aphasia
Blooming and pruning
Tectum
39. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Reticular formation
oxytocin
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
menarche
40. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure
Broca'S aphasia
Saltatory conduction
Sympathetic nervous system
Synapse gap
41. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Parietal lobe
Amygdala
androgens (example)
Brain evolution
42. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Delta waves
Presynaptic cell
Endorphins
Acetylcholine
43. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Pituitary gland
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Cortical association areas
44. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Gyri
Blood-brain barrier
Metencephalon
Postsynaptic cell
45. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Blood-brain barrier
Tegmentum
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Cingulate gyrus
46. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Meninges
Efferent fibers
resting potential
reuptake
47. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Catecholamines
Somatic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Pituitary gland
48. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Ventricles
Apraxia
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Stereotaxic instruments
49. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction
Blooming and pruning
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Amygdala
Axon
50. Where soma and axon connect
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Glial cells
Forebrain (division)
Axon hillock