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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






2. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






3. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






4. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






5. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






6. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






7. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






8. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






9. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






11. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






12. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






13. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






14. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






15. Made up of brain and spinal cord






16. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






17. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






18. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






19. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






20. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






21. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






22. Connections between brain and spine






23. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






24. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






25. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






26. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






27. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






28. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






29. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






30. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






31. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






32. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






33. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






34. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






35. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






36. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






37. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






38. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






39. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






40. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






41. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






42. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






43. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






44. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






45. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






46. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






47. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






48. Provide myelin in central nervous system






49. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






50. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production