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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






2. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






3. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






4. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






5. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






6. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






7. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






8. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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9. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






10. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






11. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






12. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






13. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






14. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






15. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






16. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






17. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






18. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






19. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






20. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






21. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






22. Where soma and axon connect






23. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






24. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






25. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






26. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






27. Organizational and activational






28. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






29. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






30. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






31. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






32. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






33. Provide myelin in central nervous system






34. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






35. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






36. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






37. Inactivated state of a neuron






38. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






39. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






40. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






41. Connections between brain and spine






42. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






43. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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44. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






45. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






46. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






47. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






48. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






49. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






50. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential