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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation
Axon hillock
Axon
Hyperphagia
All-or-none law
2. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Cingulate gyrus
Endorphins
Theta waves
Delta waves
3. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Cortical association areas
Gray matter
Sham rage
Tegmentum
4. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
White matter
Frontal lobe
Superior colliculus
White Matter
5. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Autonomic nervous system
Alexia
Axon
Neurotransmitters
6. Holds neurotransmitters
Synaptic vessels
Apraxia
Theta waves
Sympathetic nervous system
7. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Tectum
Sleep cycles
Delta waves
8. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Glutamate
Synapse gap
Cell membrane
All-or-none law
9. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Hormones (type)
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
reuptake
menarche
10. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Occipital lobe
Cell membrane
Agraphia
estrogen
11. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Agraphia
Neurotransmitters
Efferent fibers
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
12. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
Terminal buttons
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Hyperphagia
Mesencephalon
13. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Amino acids
Terminal buttons
Cell membrane
Nodes of Ranvier
14. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
postsynaptic potentials
Endorphins
Limbic system
Ventricles
15. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
reuptake
Inferior colliculus
Reticular formation
16. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
reuptake
Spine (subsystem)
Acetylcholine
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
17. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Hyperphagia
Synapse gap
reuptake
18. Gray matter - white matter
Tectum
Spine (subsystem)
White Matter
Neuromodulators
19. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan
Organizational hormones
Sham rage
Steps in neural transmission
fMRI
20. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Hippocampus
Alpha waves
Beta waves
Limbic system
21. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Dendrites
fMRI
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Myelencephalon
22. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
reuptake
Parietal lobe
Rebound effect
Mesencephalon
23. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Relative refractory period
Wernicke'S aphasia
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Thalamus
24. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Amygdala
Organizational hormones
Activational hormones
Amino acids
25. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Blooming and pruning
Diencephalon
Limbic system
26. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Oligodendrocytes
oxytocin
Hormones (type)
Absolute refractory period
27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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28. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Hypothalamus
Parietal lobe
Hyperphagia
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
29. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Hippocampus
Stereotaxic instruments
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Tectum
30. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Tegmentum
Forebrain (division)
Apraxia
Indolamines
31. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Stereotaxic instruments
Agraphia
fMRI
androgens (example)
32. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Parasympathetic nervous system
Glutamate
Meninges
33. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Autonomic nervous system
Glial cells
Apraxia
Cell membrane
34. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S
fMRI
Parietal lobe
Basal ganglia
Axon
35. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Spine (subsystem)
Indolamines
Sleep cycles
Thalamus
36. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Myelin sheath
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
37. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
Glutamate
Stereotaxic instruments
Organizational hormones
Soma
38. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Tectum
Glutamate
Agnosia
oxytocin
39. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Amino acids
Limbic system
Tectum
Forebrain (division)
40. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Nodes of Ranvier
Blood-brain barrier
41. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Forebrain (division)
White matter
Hypothalamus
Axon hillock
42. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Basal ganglia
White matter
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Activational hormones
43. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Monoamines
Saltatory conduction
Neural synchrony
Gyri
44. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Parietal lobe
PET
Dendrites
Electroencephalogram
45. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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46. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Blooming and pruning
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Gray matter
oxytocin
47. Inactivated state of a neuron
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Postsynaptic cell
resting potential
48. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Limbic system
Beta waves
Amygdala
Autonomic nervous system
49. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Saltatory conduction
Meninges
Glial cells
Beta waves
50. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Agraphia
Myelencephalon
Superior colliculus
Neuron