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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Monoamines
Sympathetic nervous system
Afferent fibers
Organizational hormones
2. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Parasympathetic nervous system
Nodes of Ranvier
Hippocampus
Acetylcholine
3. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Terminal buttons
Occipital lobe
Alpha waves
Ventricles
4. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
PET
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Apraxia
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
5. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
Alpha waves
PET
Inferior colliculus
Basal ganglia
6. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Limbic system
Hyperphagia
Temporal lobe
7. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
Neural synchrony
Agraphia
Dendrites
Delta waves
8. Holds neurotransmitters
Spine (subsystem)
Somatic nervous system
Synaptic vessels
Telencephalon
9. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
postsynaptic potentials
All-or-none law
Mesencephalon
Axon hillock
10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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11. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Agraphia
Neural synchrony
Diencephalon
12. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Broca'S aphasia
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Neuron
Myelencephalon
13. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
Agonists
Absolute refractory period
Indolamines
Myelin sheath
14. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Cell membrane
Cingulate gyrus
Amygdala
oxytocin
15. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Basal ganglia
Limbic system
PET
Afferent fibers
16. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Brain evolution
Rebound effect
androgens (example)
17. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Cell membrane
Meninges
Delta waves
18. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later
Presynaptic cell
Sleep cycles
Somatic nervous system
Basal ganglia
19. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Wernicke'S aphasia
Parasympathetic nervous system
Efferent fibers
Glutamate
20. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Superior colliculus
Stereotaxic instruments
Terminal buttons
Ventricles
21. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Sympathetic nervous system
Soma
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Temporal lobe
22. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Sympathetic nervous system
fMRI
Pituitary gland
Wernicke'S aphasia
23. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Neuromodulators
All-or-none law
Dendrites
Blooming and pruning
24. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Hyperphagia
Neuromodulators
menarche
Neural synchrony
25. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes
Thalamus
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Inferior colliculus
oxytocin
26. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
Soma
Metencephalon
Neurotransmitters
Mesencephalon
27. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Glutamate
Schwann cells
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
28. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Sulci
Hindbrain
Frontal lobe
Delta waves
29. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Hypothalamus
Hippocampus
Agraphia
Cingulate gyrus
30. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
Hindbrain
Efferent fibers
androgens (example)
Absolute refractory period
31. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Blooming and pruning
Relative refractory period
Theta waves
Superior colliculus
32. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
PET
Diencephalon
Afferent fibers
Neuromodulators
33. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure
Frontal lobe
Sympathetic nervous system
Mesencephalon
Indolamines
34. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
postsynaptic potentials
Synapse gap
Blood-brain barrier
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
35. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
menarche
Presynaptic cell
fMRI
36. Gray matter - white matter
Basal ganglia
estrogen
Spine (subsystem)
Sympathetic nervous system
37. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Nodes of Ranvier
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Delta waves
Relative refractory period
38. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S
Basal ganglia
Sleep cycles
Soma
Organizational hormones
39. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Acetylcholine
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Glial cells
Electroencephalogram
40. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Temporal lobe
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Tectum
estrogen
41. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
postsynaptic potentials
Nodes of Ranvier
Organizational hormones
Sympathetic nervous system
42. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Hindbrain
Mesencephalon
Autonomic nervous system
Cingulate gyrus
43. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Sulci
Organizational hormones
Thalamus
Axon hillock
44. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Amygdala
Neural synchrony
All-or-none law
Nodes of Ranvier
45. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites
Gray matter
resting potential
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Corticospinal tract
46. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Superior colliculus
Broca'S aphasia
Saltatory conduction
Delta waves
47. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Parietal lobe
Sulci
Autonomic nervous system
Broca'S aphasia
48. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Blooming and pruning
Pituitary gland
Cell membrane
Cingulate gyrus
49. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
Dendrites
Efferent fibers
Relative refractory period
Inferior colliculus
50. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Gyri
Synapse gap
Forebrain (division)
Rebound effect