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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






2. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






3. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






4. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






5. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






6. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






7. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






8. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






9. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






10. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






11. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






12. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






13. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






14. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






15. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






16. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






17. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






18. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






19. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






20. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






21. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






22. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






23. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






24. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






25. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






26. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






27. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






28. Holds neurotransmitters






29. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






30. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






31. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






32. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






33. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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34. Gray matter - white matter






35. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






36. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






37. Where soma and axon connect






38. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






39. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






40. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






41. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






42. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






43. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






44. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






45. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






46. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






47. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






48. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






49. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






50. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)