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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






2. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






3. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






4. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






5. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






6. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






7. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






8. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






9. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






10. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






11. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






12. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






13. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






14. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






15. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






16. Provide myelin in central nervous system






17. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






18. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






19. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






20. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






21. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






22. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






23. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






24. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






25. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






26. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






27. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






28. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






29. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






30. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






31. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






32. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






33. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






34. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






35. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






36. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






37. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






38. Where soma and axon connect






39. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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40. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






41. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






42. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






43. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






44. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






45. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






46. Bumps seen on cortex surface






47. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






48. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






49. Gray matter - white matter






50. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production