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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






2. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






3. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






4. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






5. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






6. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






7. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






8. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






9. Fissures seen on cortex surface






10. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






11. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






12. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






13. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






14. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






15. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






16. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






17. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






18. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






19. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






20. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






21. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






22. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






23. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






24. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






25. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






26. Holds neurotransmitters






27. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






28. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






29. Where soma and axon connect






30. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






31. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






32. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






33. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






34. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






35. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






36. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






37. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






38. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






39. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






40. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






41. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






42. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






43. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






44. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






45. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






46. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






47. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






48. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






49. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






50. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->