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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






2. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






3. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






4. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






5. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






6. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






7. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






8. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






9. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






10. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






11. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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12. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






13. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






14. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






15. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






16. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






17. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






18. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






19. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






20. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






21. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






22. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






23. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






24. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






25. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






26. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






27. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






28. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






29. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






30. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






31. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






32. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






33. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






34. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






35. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






36. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






37. Provide myelin in central nervous system






38. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






39. Where soma and axon connect






40. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






41. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






42. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






43. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






44. Inactivated state of a neuron






45. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






46. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






47. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






48. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






49. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






50. Made up of brain and spinal cord