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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inactivated state of a neuron






2. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






3. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






4. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






5. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






6. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






7. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






8. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






9. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






10. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






11. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






12. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






13. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






14. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






15. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






16. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






17. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






18. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






19. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






20. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






21. Connections between brain and spine






22. Holds neurotransmitters






23. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






24. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






25. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






26. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






28. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






29. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






30. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






31. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






32. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






33. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






34. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






35. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






36. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






37. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






38. Gray matter - white matter






39. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






40. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






41. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






42. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






43. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






44. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






45. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






46. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






47. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






48. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






49. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






50. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty