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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






2. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






3. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






4. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






5. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






6. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






7. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






8. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






9. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






10. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






11. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






12. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






13. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






14. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






15. Provide myelin in central nervous system






16. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






17. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






18. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






19. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






20. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






21. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






22. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






23. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






24. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






25. Fissures seen on cortex surface






26. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






27. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






28. Bumps seen on cortex surface






29. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






30. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






31. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






32. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






33. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






34. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






35. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






36. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






37. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






38. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






39. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






40. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






41. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






42. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






43. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






44. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






45. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






46. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






47. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






48. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






49. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






50. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night