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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gray matter - white matter
Spine (subsystem)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Pituitary gland
fMRI
2. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Efferent fibers
Oligodendrocytes
Hindbrain
Glial cells
3. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Reticular formation
Neuromodulators
Agraphia
4. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Alexia
Amino acids
Afferent fibers
Delta waves
5. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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6. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Ventricles
Thyroid stimulating hormone
menarche
Sleep spindles
7. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Forebrain (division)
Theta waves
Rebound effect
8. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Cell membrane
Efferent fibers
Diencephalon
Glial cells
9. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Glutamate
Antagonists
Diencephalon
Parietal lobe
10. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Catecholamines
Ventricles
Blooming and pruning
Amygdala
11. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Glutamate
Occipital lobe
Neuromodulators
12. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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13. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Blood-brain barrier
Hyperphagia
Indolamines
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
14. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
Nodes of Ranvier
androgens (example)
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Amino acids
15. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Beta waves
Endorphins
Soma
Amino acids
16. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Acetylcholine
Indolamines
17. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Limbic system
Temporal lobe
postsynaptic potentials
All-or-none law
18. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Theta waves
Activational hormones
Brain evolution
Pituitary gland
19. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
menarche
Corticospinal tract
Hindbrain
Reticular formation
20. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Relative refractory period
Hindbrain
Limbic system
Temporal lobe
21. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Meninges
Metencephalon
Absolute refractory period
Sham rage
22. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Apraxia
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Steps in neural transmission
Saltatory conduction
23. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Agnosia
Monoamines
Metencephalon
Myelin sheath
24. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Blooming and pruning
Sulci
Agonists
Inferior colliculus
25. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Thalamus
Tectum
All-or-none law
Efferent fibers
26. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Amino acids
Parietal lobe
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Thalamus
27. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)
Alexia
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Agonists
Sleep spindles
28. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed
Sham rage
Apraxia
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Hypothalamus
29. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Parasympathetic nervous system
fMRI
Tegmentum
Glutamate
30. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Schwann cells
Glutamate
Inferior colliculus
31. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Sulci
Metencephalon
Inferior colliculus
32. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
All-or-none law
Oligodendrocytes
Soma
androgens (example)
33. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Afferent fibers
Myelencephalon
Soma
Synapse gap
34. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system
Acetylcholine
Schwann cells
Reticular formation
Afferent fibers
35. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Steps in neural transmission
Theta waves
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Synapse gap
36. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Amygdala
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Central Nervous System (CNS)
37. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
menarche
Mesencephalon
Catecholamines
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
38. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Inferior colliculus
Sulci
Telencephalon
Cingulate gyrus
39. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system
Pituitary gland
Hormones (type)
fMRI
Hypothalamus
40. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Hyperphagia
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
reuptake
Stereotaxic instruments
41. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
White Matter
fMRI
Sham rage
Metencephalon
42. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Hyperphagia
Presynaptic cell
Broca'S aphasia
Gyri
43. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Hormones (type)
Neurotransmitters
Amino acids
Brain evolution
44. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Thalamus
Ventricles
Hypothalamus
estrogen
45. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S
Basal ganglia
Synaptic vessels
Terminal buttons
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
46. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Brain evolution
Frontal lobe
Parasympathetic nervous system
47. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
postsynaptic potentials
Amygdala
Cingulate gyrus
Reticular formation
48. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Sleep cycles
Electroencephalogram
estrogen
49. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
fMRI
Superior colliculus
Saltatory conduction
Parasympathetic nervous system
50. Inactivated state of a neuron
resting potential
H-Y antigen
Nodes of Ranvier
Brain evolution