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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Dendrites
Parietal lobe
Hypothalamus
2. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
PET
Blooming and pruning
Frontal lobe
3. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Beta waves
Diencephalon
Postsynaptic cell
oxytocin
4. Inactivated state of a neuron
resting potential
Frontal lobe
androgens (example)
Absolute refractory period
5. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
Alpha waves
Broca'S aphasia
Hyperphagia
Temporal lobe
6. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Dendrites
Saltatory conduction
Central Nervous System (CNS)
H-Y antigen
7. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Mesencephalon
Blooming and pruning
8. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Blooming and pruning
Diencephalon
Neural synchrony
Central Nervous System (CNS)
9. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Axon
Hyperphagia
White Matter
10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Alexia
Glial cells
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
11. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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12. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure
Sympathetic nervous system
Alpha waves
Indolamines
Corticospinal tract
13. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Basal ganglia
reuptake
Frontal lobe
oxytocin
14. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Delta waves
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Reticular formation
Rebound effect
15. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Sleep spindles
Sympathetic nervous system
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
oxytocin
16. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
All-or-none law
Glutamate
Neuron
Reticular formation
17. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Relative refractory period
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Diencephalon
Synapse gap
18. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Catecholamines
Brain evolution
19. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Diencephalon
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
PET
20. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)
Agonists
Telencephalon
Wernicke'S aphasia
Hormones (type)
21. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Electroencephalogram
Gray matter
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Sleep spindles
22. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Hypothalamus
White matter
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
23. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Cingulate gyrus
Relative refractory period
estrogen
Schwann cells
24. Gray matter - white matter
Diencephalon
Spine (subsystem)
Axon
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
25. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Absolute refractory period
Hypothalamus
Cingulate gyrus
Limbic system
26. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Saltatory conduction
Catecholamines
Thalamus
Indolamines
27. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Synaptic vessels
Hindbrain
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Neural synchrony
28. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
Electroencephalogram
Postsynaptic cell
Agraphia
Presynaptic cell
29. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
Delta waves
postsynaptic potentials
Mesencephalon
Brain evolution
30. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Blooming and pruning
Superior colliculus
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Synapse gap
31. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Amygdala
Terminal buttons
postsynaptic potentials
Agnosia
32. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites
Acetylcholine
Apraxia
Gray matter
oxytocin
33. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Schwann cells
Gyri
Apraxia
Delta waves
34. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Agraphia
Basal ganglia
Terminal buttons
Alexia
35. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Glial cells
Sulci
White matter
fMRI
36. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
White matter
Hypothalamus
Indolamines
Broca'S aphasia
37. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Synapse gap
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Frontal lobe
Soma
38. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Antagonists
estrogen
Hippocampus
Agonists
39. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Meninges
Brain evolution
Vasopressin
Antagonists
40. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Sleep spindles
Electroencephalogram
Axon hillock
Forebrain (division)
41. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
Theta waves
Synaptic vessels
Soma
H-Y antigen
42. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation
All-or-none law
Neural synchrony
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Glutamate
43. Where soma and axon connect
Forebrain (division)
Monoamines
Sulci
Axon hillock
44. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Blooming and pruning
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Antagonists
45. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Terminal buttons
Cortical association areas
Temporal lobe
Parasympathetic nervous system
46. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Neurotransmitters
Presynaptic cell
Delta waves
Occipital lobe
47. Holds neurotransmitters
Endorphins
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
postsynaptic potentials
Synaptic vessels
48. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Superior colliculus
Tegmentum
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Thyroid stimulating hormone
49. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Efferent fibers
Meninges
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Agonists
50. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Monoamines
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Neural synchrony
Sham rage