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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Vasopressin
Amino acids
Tectum
2. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Steps in neural transmission
Amino acids
Neuron
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
3. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Brain evolution
Amino acids
Hyperphagia
Basal ganglia
4. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Cingulate gyrus
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Absolute refractory period
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
5. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Terminal buttons
Gyri
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Somatic nervous system
6. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
resting potential
Amygdala
Thalamus
Metencephalon
7. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Myelin sheath
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Blooming and pruning
Telencephalon
8. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
Cingulate gyrus
Beta waves
PET
Organizational hormones
9. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure
Axon hillock
Meninges
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Sympathetic nervous system
10. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Antagonists
Saltatory conduction
Neuron
Delta waves
11. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Thalamus
All-or-none law
Indolamines
12. Organizational and activational
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
reuptake
Hormones (type)
Thyroid stimulating hormone
13. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Telencephalon
Gray matter
White Matter
14. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Indolamines
Thalamus
Parasympathetic nervous system
Theta waves
15. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
androgens (example)
Sulci
Myelencephalon
Blooming and pruning
16. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Glutamate
Sulci
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Soma
17. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
Postsynaptic cell
Dendrites
Hyperphagia
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
18. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
Spine (subsystem)
Presynaptic cell
Organizational hormones
Hippocampus
19. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Oligodendrocytes
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Gyri
Monoamines
20. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction
Axon
Terminal buttons
Soma
Presynaptic cell
21. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Tegmentum
Beta waves
menarche
22. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Hypothalamus
Corticospinal tract
Neurotransmitters
23. Connections between brain and spine
Afferent fibers
Corticospinal tract
Diencephalon
Delta waves
24. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop
Hindbrain
Brain evolution
estrogen
Inferior colliculus
25. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
White matter
Amygdala
Cell membrane
Amino acids
26. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Indolamines
Sulci
Forebrain (division)
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
27. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system
Corticospinal tract
White Matter
reuptake
Acetylcholine
28. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses
Reticular formation
Myelin sheath
Cingulate gyrus
All-or-none law
29. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Axon hillock
Vasopressin
Apraxia
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
30. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Apraxia
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Oligodendrocytes
Tegmentum
31. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Hypothalamus
Tectum
Glial cells
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
32. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Organizational hormones
Stereotaxic instruments
Telencephalon
Terminal buttons
33. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Frontal lobe
Catecholamines
Antagonists
Agraphia
34. Where soma and axon connect
PET
Inferior colliculus
Axon hillock
Beta waves
35. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Mesencephalon
Myelin sheath
oxytocin
Absolute refractory period
36. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Synapse gap
Vasopressin
Stereotaxic instruments
Hypothalamus
37. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell
reuptake
Neuromodulators
Catecholamines
Axon hillock
38. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Hypothalamus
Vasopressin
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Sleep spindles
39. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain
Beta waves
Hippocampus
Wernicke'S aphasia
postsynaptic potentials
40. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
androgens (example)
White matter
Cell membrane
Thalamus
41. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Occipital lobe
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Sulci
42. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Blooming and pruning
Activational hormones
Schwann cells
Delta waves
43. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Synaptic vessels
Saltatory conduction
Myelin sheath
Thalamus
44. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Presynaptic cell
Catecholamines
Mesencephalon
Forebrain (division)
45. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Neuron
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Presynaptic cell
Terminal buttons
46. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
Corticospinal tract
Nodes of Ranvier
Mesencephalon
Limbic system
47. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Relative refractory period
oxytocin
Rebound effect
Monoamines
48. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Oligodendrocytes
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Hormones (type)
Efferent fibers
49. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Limbic system
Hindbrain
Hippocampus
Reticular formation
50. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Hippocampus
Parietal lobe
Catecholamines
Saltatory conduction
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