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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






2. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






3. Where soma and axon connect






4. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






5. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






6. Inactivated state of a neuron






7. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






8. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






9. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






10. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






11. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






12. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






13. Holds neurotransmitters






14. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






15. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






16. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






17. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






18. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






19. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






20. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






21. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






22. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






23. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






24. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






25. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






26. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






27. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






28. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






29. Fissures seen on cortex surface






30. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






31. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






32. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






33. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






34. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






35. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






36. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






37. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






38. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






39. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






40. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






41. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






42. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






43. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






44. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






45. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






46. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






47. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






48. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






49. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






50. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus