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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






2. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






3. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






4. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






5. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






6. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






7. Organizational and activational






8. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






9. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






10. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






11. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






12. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






13. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






14. Bumps seen on cortex surface






15. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






16. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






17. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






18. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






19. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






20. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






21. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






22. Gray matter - white matter






23. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






24. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






25. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






26. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






27. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






28. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






29. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






30. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






31. Fissures seen on cortex surface






32. Where soma and axon connect






33. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






34. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






35. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






36. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






37. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






38. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






39. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






40. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






41. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






42. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






43. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






44. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






45. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






46. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






47. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






48. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






49. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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50. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions