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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






2. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






3. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






4. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






5. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






6. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






7. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






8. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






9. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






10. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






11. Inactivated state of a neuron






12. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






13. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






14. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






15. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






16. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






17. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






18. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






19. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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20. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






21. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






22. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






23. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






24. Fissures seen on cortex surface






25. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






26. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






27. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






28. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






29. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






30. Where soma and axon connect






31. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






32. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






33. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






34. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






35. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






36. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






37. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






38. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






39. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






40. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






41. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






42. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






43. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






44. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






45. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






46. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






47. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






48. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






49. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






50. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing