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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






2. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






3. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






4. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






5. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






6. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






7. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






8. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






9. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






10. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






11. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






12. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






13. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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14. Gray matter - white matter






15. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






16. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






17. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






18. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






19. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






20. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






21. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






22. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






23. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






24. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






25. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






26. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






27. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






28. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






29. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






30. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






31. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






32. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






33. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






34. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






35. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






36. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






37. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






38. Provide myelin in central nervous system






39. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






40. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






41. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






42. Where soma and axon connect






43. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






44. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






45. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






46. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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47. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






48. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






49. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






50. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system