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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Cingulate gyrus
Apraxia
H-Y antigen
Neurotransmitters
2. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Apraxia
Myelencephalon
Neuron
Monoamines
3. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Hindbrain
Dendrites
Wernicke'S aphasia
4. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Neural synchrony
Myelin sheath
Parietal lobe
Brain evolution
5. Gray matter - white matter
Nodes of Ranvier
Corticospinal tract
Spine (subsystem)
Catecholamines
6. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Apraxia
Central Nervous System (CNS)
fMRI
Cell membrane
7. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
fMRI
Corticospinal tract
Saltatory conduction
Acetylcholine
8. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Spine (subsystem)
Presynaptic cell
Efferent fibers
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
9. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Telencephalon
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Cortical association areas
Neuron
10. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
Hypothalamus
White matter
reuptake
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
11. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Synapse gap
Reticular formation
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Alexia
12. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Neuromodulators
Hypothalamus
Superior colliculus
Agnosia
13. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
postsynaptic potentials
Presynaptic cell
Acetylcholine
oxytocin
14. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Delta waves
Tectum
Acetylcholine
15. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
resting potential
Mesencephalon
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Myelin sheath
16. Inactivated state of a neuron
resting potential
Soma
Agonists
Reticular formation
17. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Amygdala
Frontal lobe
Relative refractory period
18. Where soma and axon connect
oxytocin
Axon hillock
Superior colliculus
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
19. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
Nodes of Ranvier
Endorphins
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Sulci
20. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Efferent fibers
Central Nervous System (CNS)
21. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Delta waves
Indolamines
Forebrain (division)
22. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Sulci
Soma
Theta waves
23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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24. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Electroencephalogram
Alexia
Alpha waves
Absolute refractory period
25. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Efferent fibers
Soma
Hyperphagia
Delta waves
26. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Cingulate gyrus
fMRI
Sulci
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
27. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Gyri
Amygdala
Hormones (type)
Tectum
28. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Indolamines
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Glial cells
29. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
Amino acids
PET
Sham rage
Frontal lobe
30. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Nodes of Ranvier
Agnosia
Blooming and pruning
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
31. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Agonists
Blood-brain barrier
Diencephalon
Sulci
32. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Activational hormones
Neuromodulators
Stereotaxic instruments
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
33. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves
estrogen
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Theta waves
Reticular formation
34. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Theta waves
Autonomic nervous system
Stereotaxic instruments
Limbic system
35. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain
Relative refractory period
Hippocampus
Cell membrane
Autonomic nervous system
36. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Amygdala
Thalamus
Tectum
Diencephalon
37. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
White matter
Oligodendrocytes
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Cell membrane
38. Organizational and activational
resting potential
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Hormones (type)
Neuromodulators
39. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Neural synchrony
Indolamines
Mesencephalon
40. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Wernicke'S aphasia
Hypothalamus
41. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Hippocampus
Tegmentum
Activational hormones
42. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation
Sulci
Inferior colliculus
Synapse gap
All-or-none law
43. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Basal ganglia
Cell membrane
Agnosia
44. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
Myelencephalon
Somatic nervous system
Meninges
Organizational hormones
45. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Gyri
Endorphins
Agonists
Neuron
46. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Parasympathetic nervous system
Gyri
Cingulate gyrus
Endorphins
47. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Superior colliculus
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Postsynaptic cell
48. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites
Catecholamines
Gray matter
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Tectum
49. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Temporal lobe
menarche
Acetylcholine
Stereotaxic instruments
50. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Theta waves
Terminal buttons
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)