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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






2. Fissures seen on cortex surface






3. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






4. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






5. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






6. Made up of brain and spinal cord






7. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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8. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






9. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






10. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






11. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






12. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






13. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






14. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






15. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






16. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






17. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






18. Inactivated state of a neuron






19. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






20. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






21. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






22. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






23. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






24. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






25. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






26. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






27. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






28. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






29. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






30. Gray matter - white matter






31. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






32. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






33. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






34. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






35. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






36. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






37. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






38. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






39. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






40. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






41. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






42. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






43. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






44. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






45. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






46. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






47. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






48. Organizational and activational






49. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






50. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive