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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Wernicke'S aphasia
Beta waves
Forebrain (division)
2. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Catecholamines
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Neuromodulators
Corticospinal tract
3. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Gray matter
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
4. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Rebound effect
Sleep spindles
Blooming and pruning
Absolute refractory period
5. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
Tegmentum
Mesencephalon
Electroencephalogram
Parietal lobe
6. Holds neurotransmitters
Meninges
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Hyperphagia
Synaptic vessels
7. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Indolamines
Tectum
Absolute refractory period
Agonists
8. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Rebound effect
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Amino acids
Presynaptic cell
9. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Axon hillock
Alexia
10. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Neurotransmitters
Indolamines
Telencephalon
Parasympathetic nervous system
11. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Soma
Gray matter
Agonists
Thalamus
12. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Nodes of Ranvier
Tectum
oxytocin
13. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Hypothalamus
Alexia
Activational hormones
Somatic nervous system
14. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Antagonists
Indolamines
Saltatory conduction
15. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Metencephalon
Glutamate
16. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Thalamus
Hyperphagia
Cell membrane
17. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction
Axon
Synapse gap
Saltatory conduction
Reticular formation
18. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell
H-Y antigen
Neuromodulators
Autonomic nervous system
Schwann cells
19. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves
Theta waves
oxytocin
Sleep spindles
Monoamines
20. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
Organizational hormones
Diencephalon
Nodes of Ranvier
Stereotaxic instruments
21. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Apraxia
Sleep spindles
Agnosia
Hyperphagia
22. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Stereotaxic instruments
Steps in neural transmission
Broca'S aphasia
Corticospinal tract
23. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
Postsynaptic cell
Parietal lobe
Afferent fibers
androgens (example)
24. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Electroencephalogram
Somatic nervous system
Agraphia
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
25. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Glial cells
Hyperphagia
Afferent fibers
Steps in neural transmission
26. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Cortical association areas
Alpha waves
Sympathetic nervous system
Activational hormones
27. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system
Hindbrain
Acetylcholine
Cortical association areas
Sulci
28. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Agnosia
Apraxia
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Absolute refractory period
29. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Neural synchrony
Ventricles
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Agraphia
30. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Frontal lobe
Glutamate
postsynaptic potentials
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
31. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Spine (subsystem)
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Mesencephalon
32. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
resting potential
fMRI
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Mesencephalon
33. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Synaptic vessels
Forebrain (division)
Basal ganglia
34. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses
Blood-brain barrier
Myelin sheath
Glutamate
White Matter
35. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites
Soma
Myelin sheath
Gray matter
Theta waves
36. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Occipital lobe
Blood-brain barrier
Catecholamines
37. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Axon
Antagonists
Endorphins
Forebrain (division)
38. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
Sleep cycles
White Matter
Parasympathetic nervous system
Relative refractory period
39. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
H-Y antigen
Glial cells
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
40. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Reticular formation
Occipital lobe
Stereotaxic instruments
Afferent fibers
41. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
H-Y antigen
Schwann cells
Electroencephalogram
Tegmentum
42. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Hindbrain
Temporal lobe
Presynaptic cell
Vasopressin
43. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Cingulate gyrus
Alpha waves
H-Y antigen
Stereotaxic instruments
44. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Parasympathetic nervous system
H-Y antigen
Temporal lobe
Amino acids
45. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Agraphia
Hyperphagia
Neurotransmitters
Steps in neural transmission
46. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Endorphins
Pituitary gland
Parietal lobe
Corticospinal tract
47. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Soma
Alexia
Forebrain (division)
Alpha waves
48. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Myelin sheath
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Antagonists
Frontal lobe
49. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
Terminal buttons
Limbic system
Hyperphagia
Reticular formation
50. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Sympathetic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Blood-brain barrier