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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






2. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






3. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






4. Made up of brain and spinal cord






5. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






6. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






7. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






8. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






9. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






10. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






11. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






12. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






13. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






14. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






15. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






16. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






17. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






18. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






19. Where soma and axon connect






20. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






21. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






22. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






24. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






25. Bumps seen on cortex surface






26. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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27. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






28. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






29. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






30. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






31. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






32. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






33. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






34. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






35. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






36. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






37. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






38. Provide myelin in central nervous system






39. Connections between brain and spine






40. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






41. Gray matter - white matter






42. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






43. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






44. Organizational and activational






45. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






46. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






47. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






48. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






49. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






50. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex