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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Metencephalon
Apraxia
Schwann cells
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
2. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Sulci
Frontal lobe
Forebrain (division)
3. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Amygdala
Frontal lobe
Mesencephalon
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
4. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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5. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Occipital lobe
Amino acids
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
6. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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7. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Soma
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Agraphia
8. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Corticospinal tract
Postsynaptic cell
Delta waves
Agonists
9. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Basal ganglia
Saltatory conduction
Wernicke'S aphasia
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
10. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
White matter
Soma
Agnosia
Nodes of Ranvier
11. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Apraxia
Myelencephalon
Sleep cycles
12. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Nodes of Ranvier
Endorphins
Forebrain (division)
Telencephalon
13. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Broca'S aphasia
Beta waves
Blooming and pruning
Saltatory conduction
14. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Antagonists
Synapse gap
Neurotransmitters
Postsynaptic cell
15. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
Autonomic nervous system
Agraphia
Gray matter
Reticular formation
16. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Agnosia
Autonomic nervous system
Hippocampus
Central Nervous System (CNS)
17. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Limbic system
Hyperphagia
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
fMRI
18. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Glial cells
postsynaptic potentials
Stereotaxic instruments
Ventricles
19. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Saltatory conduction
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Terminal buttons
Steps in neural transmission
20. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction
Hyperphagia
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Cortical association areas
Synaptic vessels
21. Where soma and axon connect
menarche
Activational hormones
Axon hillock
Theta waves
22. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
menarche
Superior colliculus
Apraxia
Electroencephalogram
23. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Meninges
Neural synchrony
White Matter
Oligodendrocytes
24. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Basal ganglia
Efferent fibers
Broca'S aphasia
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
25. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Alexia
Telencephalon
Efferent fibers
Cell membrane
26. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Neural synchrony
Saltatory conduction
Vasopressin
Sulci
27. Inactivated state of a neuron
resting potential
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Cell membrane
Tegmentum
28. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Relative refractory period
androgens (example)
Spine (subsystem)
Gyri
29. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain
Organizational hormones
Hippocampus
postsynaptic potentials
Hyperphagia
30. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Ventricles
menarche
fMRI
Neuron
31. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)
Tegmentum
Occipital lobe
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Agonists
32. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
Cingulate gyrus
Parietal lobe
White Matter
Wernicke'S aphasia
33. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Glial cells
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Dendrites
Basal ganglia
34. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system
Hormones (type)
Schwann cells
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Sleep spindles
35. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Reticular formation
Neuromodulators
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
36. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
Limbic system
Acetylcholine
H-Y antigen
Temporal lobe
37. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
reuptake
Apraxia
androgens (example)
Thalamus
38. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Afferent fibers
Antagonists
postsynaptic potentials
Gyri
39. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Rebound effect
Nodes of Ranvier
40. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Reticular formation
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Alpha waves
H-Y antigen
41. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Neural synchrony
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Forebrain (division)
Limbic system
42. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Neuron
Cingulate gyrus
White Matter
Activational hormones
43. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Antagonists
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Saltatory conduction
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
44. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Blooming and pruning
Nodes of Ranvier
Absolute refractory period
H-Y antigen
45. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Oligodendrocytes
Vasopressin
androgens (example)
Electroencephalogram
46. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Agraphia
Amino acids
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Blood-brain barrier
47. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Inferior colliculus
Sleep spindles
Pituitary gland
48. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
Synapse gap
Schwann cells
reuptake
Parietal lobe
49. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Amygdala
Pituitary gland
Basal ganglia
Blooming and pruning
50. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Acetylcholine
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Agonists
Ventricles