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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Alexia
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Amino acids
Cingulate gyrus
2. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation
Alpha waves
Pituitary gland
All-or-none law
Monoamines
3. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Delta waves
Terminal buttons
Indolamines
Sympathetic nervous system
4. Where soma and axon connect
Tectum
Delta waves
Axon hillock
oxytocin
5. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Steps in neural transmission
Agraphia
Brain evolution
6. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Efferent fibers
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Catecholamines
Gyri
7. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Pituitary gland
Basal ganglia
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Temporal lobe
8. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
White matter
Myelencephalon
Cell membrane
Diencephalon
9. Provide myelin in central nervous system
Catecholamines
Oligodendrocytes
oxytocin
Glutamate
10. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Parasympathetic nervous system
Blood-brain barrier
Afferent fibers
Myelencephalon
11. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Indolamines
Cingulate gyrus
Blooming and pruning
Terminal buttons
12. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Theta waves
Spine (subsystem)
13. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Brain evolution
androgens (example)
Sulci
14. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Parasympathetic nervous system
Dendrites
Synapse gap
Afferent fibers
15. Inactivated state of a neuron
Ventricles
Glial cells
resting potential
Monoamines
16. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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17. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Acetylcholine
Glutamate
fMRI
Alpha waves
18. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system
Acetylcholine
Steps in neural transmission
Thalamus
White matter
19. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Agraphia
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Sleep cycles
Amino acids
20. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Cingulate gyrus
Spine (subsystem)
Meninges
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
21. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system
Reticular formation
Agnosia
Schwann cells
Thyroid stimulating hormone
22. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Soma
PET
Alexia
Organizational hormones
23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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24. Organizational and activational
Hyperphagia
Hormones (type)
androgens (example)
Telencephalon
25. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Gyri
estrogen
Blooming and pruning
Hindbrain
26. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later
Sleep cycles
Somatic nervous system
Glial cells
Hormones (type)
27. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Hormones (type)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Gray matter
Neuron
28. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Vasopressin
Thyroid stimulating hormone
PET
Absolute refractory period
29. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Tegmentum
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Alpha waves
Glial cells
30. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
postsynaptic potentials
Rebound effect
Occipital lobe
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
31. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
Theta waves
White Matter
Indolamines
Cingulate gyrus
32. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction
Agonists
Endorphins
White matter
Axon
33. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Delta waves
H-Y antigen
Soma
Sulci
34. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Afferent fibers
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Telencephalon
Neurotransmitters
35. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Electroencephalogram
Gray matter
Wernicke'S aphasia
36. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Basal ganglia
Vasopressin
Agnosia
Frontal lobe
37. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Stereotaxic instruments
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Alexia
Vasopressin
38. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Sulci
Antagonists
Blooming and pruning
Sleep cycles
39. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Sham rage
Nodes of Ranvier
Reticular formation
Parasympathetic nervous system
40. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
Agonists
Efferent fibers
reuptake
Postsynaptic cell
41. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Beta waves
White matter
Axon
42. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Electroencephalogram
Brain evolution
postsynaptic potentials
Tectum
43. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
White Matter
Spine (subsystem)
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Wernicke'S aphasia
44. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Synaptic vessels
Limbic system
Catecholamines
Glial cells
45. Gray matter - white matter
Spine (subsystem)
All-or-none law
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Rebound effect
46. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
White matter
Metencephalon
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Somatic nervous system
47. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)
Relative refractory period
Agonists
Inferior colliculus
Beta waves
48. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Mesencephalon
Endorphins
oxytocin
Frontal lobe
49. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
PET
Hormones (type)
Synaptic vessels
Cingulate gyrus
50. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Thalamus
PET
All-or-none law
H-Y antigen