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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






2. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






3. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






4. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






5. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






6. Connections between brain and spine






7. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






8. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






9. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






10. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






11. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






12. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






13. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






14. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






15. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






16. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






17. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






18. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






19. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






20. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






21. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






22. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






23. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






24. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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25. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






26. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






27. Made up of brain and spinal cord






28. Provide myelin in central nervous system






29. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






30. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






31. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






32. Organizational and activational






33. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






34. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






35. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






36. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






37. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






38. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






39. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






40. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






41. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






42. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






43. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






44. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






45. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






46. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






47. Fissures seen on cortex surface






48. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






49. Where soma and axon connect






50. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty