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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






2. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)


3. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






4. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






5. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






6. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






7. Fissures seen on cortex surface






8. Made up of brain and spinal cord






9. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






10. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






11. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






12. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






13. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






14. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






15. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






16. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






17. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






18. Connections between brain and spine






19. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






20. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






21. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






22. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






23. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






24. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






25. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






26. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






27. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






28. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






29. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






30. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






31. Bumps seen on cortex surface






32. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






33. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






34. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






35. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






36. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






37. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






38. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






39. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






40. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






41. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






42. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






43. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






44. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






45. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






46. Inactivated state of a neuron






47. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






48. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






49. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






50. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions