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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






2. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






3. Fissures seen on cortex surface






4. Inactivated state of a neuron






5. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






6. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






7. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






8. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






9. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






10. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






11. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






12. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






13. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






14. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






15. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






16. Holds neurotransmitters






17. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






18. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






19. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






20. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






21. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






22. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






23. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






24. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






25. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






26. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






27. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






28. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






29. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






30. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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31. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






32. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






33. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






34. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






35. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






36. Where soma and axon connect






37. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






38. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






39. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






40. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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41. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






42. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






43. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






44. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






45. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






46. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






47. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






48. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






49. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






50. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction