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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Tegmentum
Neurotransmitters
postsynaptic potentials
Glial cells
2. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Superior colliculus
Agnosia
Absolute refractory period
Limbic system
3. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Frontal lobe
Sulci
4. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Gyri
Amino acids
Hormones (type)
All-or-none law
5. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Neuron
Absolute refractory period
Neural synchrony
Reticular formation
6. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Diencephalon
Hypothalamus
Monoamines
Alexia
7. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Sleep spindles
Neuromodulators
Agraphia
8. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
postsynaptic potentials
Broca'S aphasia
Activational hormones
Temporal lobe
9. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
postsynaptic potentials
Cortical association areas
Axon
Thalamus
10. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Sulci
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Broca'S aphasia
menarche
11. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Thalamus
All-or-none law
Hindbrain
Antagonists
12. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
reuptake
Terminal buttons
Hindbrain
Sympathetic nervous system
13. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Sympathetic nervous system
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Parietal lobe
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
14. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Gray matter
Neuromodulators
Hindbrain
Axon hillock
15. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Endorphins
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Broca'S aphasia
16. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Sham rage
Glutamate
Wernicke'S aphasia
Amino acids
17. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
White matter
Schwann cells
Acetylcholine
Parietal lobe
18. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Stereotaxic instruments
Efferent fibers
Delta waves
Thalamus
19. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Organizational hormones
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Nodes of Ranvier
Sulci
20. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
Thalamus
Steps in neural transmission
androgens (example)
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
21. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Steps in neural transmission
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Myelin sheath
Blooming and pruning
22. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
White Matter
Meninges
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
menarche
23. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Endorphins
Relative refractory period
Terminal buttons
Superior colliculus
24. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Rebound effect
Parietal lobe
Superior colliculus
Presynaptic cell
25. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Efferent fibers
Alexia
Organizational hormones
26. Where soma and axon connect
Axon
Axon hillock
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Temporal lobe
27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Apraxia
Sulci
Pituitary gland
Blood-brain barrier
28. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Diencephalon
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Axon hillock
29. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Hyperphagia
Meninges
Mesencephalon
Temporal lobe
30. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Ventricles
Relative refractory period
Presynaptic cell
Dendrites
31. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
postsynaptic potentials
Alexia
Organizational hormones
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
32. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system
Forebrain (division)
Temporal lobe
Acetylcholine
Theta waves
33. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Agnosia
Hormones (type)
Relative refractory period
34. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Delta waves
Indolamines
Cingulate gyrus
Synapse gap
35. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Tectum
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
36. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Glial cells
Hormones (type)
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Sympathetic nervous system
37. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
estrogen
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
postsynaptic potentials
Sleep spindles
38. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Tegmentum
postsynaptic potentials
Axon
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
39. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Myelencephalon
Tectum
Agraphia
Oligodendrocytes
40. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
Nodes of Ranvier
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Tegmentum
Presynaptic cell
41. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system
Thalamus
Myelencephalon
Diencephalon
Schwann cells
42. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Myelencephalon
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Tectum
Gyri
43. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Stereotaxic instruments
Amygdala
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Telencephalon
44. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
Metencephalon
Broca'S aphasia
Cell membrane
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
45. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed
Sham rage
Somatic nervous system
Synaptic vessels
Alpha waves
46. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
H-Y antigen
Indolamines
Diencephalon
Metencephalon
47. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Neural synchrony
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Tectum
Sulci
48. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
PET
Hormones (type)
Glutamate
Occipital lobe
49. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Metencephalon
Superior colliculus
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Beta waves
50. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Inferior colliculus
Somatic nervous system
PET
Agnosia