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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






2. Bumps seen on cortex surface






3. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






4. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






5. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






6. Inactivated state of a neuron






7. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






8. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






9. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






10. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






11. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






12. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






13. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






14. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






15. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






16. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






17. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






18. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






19. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






20. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






21. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






22. Provide myelin in central nervous system






23. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






24. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






25. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






26. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






27. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






28. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






29. Fissures seen on cortex surface






30. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






31. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






32. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






33. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






34. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






35. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






36. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






37. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






38. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






39. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






40. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






41. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






42. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






43. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






44. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






45. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






46. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






47. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






48. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






49. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






50. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP