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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






2. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






3. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






4. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






5. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






6. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






7. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






8. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






9. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






10. Inactivated state of a neuron






11. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






12. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






13. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






14. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






15. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






16. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






17. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






18. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






19. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






20. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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21. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






22. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






23. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






24. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






25. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






26. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






27. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






28. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






29. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






30. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






31. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






32. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






33. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






34. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






35. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






36. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






37. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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38. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






39. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






40. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






41. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






42. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






43. Made up of brain and spinal cord






44. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






45. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






46. Provide myelin in central nervous system






47. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






48. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






49. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






50. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus