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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






2. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






3. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






4. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






5. Inactivated state of a neuron






6. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






7. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






8. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






9. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






11. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






12. Connections between brain and spine






13. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






14. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






15. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






16. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






17. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






18. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






19. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






20. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






21. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






22. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






23. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






24. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






25. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






26. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






27. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






28. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






29. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






30. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






31. Fissures seen on cortex surface






32. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






33. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






34. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






35. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






36. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






37. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






38. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






39. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






40. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






41. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






42. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






43. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






44. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






45. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






46. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






47. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






48. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






49. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






50. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves