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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






2. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






3. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)


4. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






5. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






6. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






7. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






8. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






9. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






10. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






11. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






12. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






13. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






14. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






15. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






16. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






17. Connections between brain and spine






18. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






19. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






20. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






21. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






22. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






23. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






24. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






25. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






26. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






27. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






28. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






29. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






30. Organizational and activational






31. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






32. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






33. Gray matter - white matter






34. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






35. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






36. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






37. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






38. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






39. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






40. Where soma and axon connect






41. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






42. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






43. Fissures seen on cortex surface






44. Made up of brain and spinal cord






45. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






46. Inactivated state of a neuron






47. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






48. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






49. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






50. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP