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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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2. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






3. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






4. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






5. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






6. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






7. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






8. Holds neurotransmitters






9. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






10. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






11. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






12. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






13. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






14. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






15. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






16. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






17. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






18. Organizational and activational






19. Made up of brain and spinal cord






20. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






21. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






22. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






23. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






24. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






25. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






26. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






27. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






28. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






29. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






30. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






31. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






32. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






33. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






34. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






35. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






36. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






37. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






38. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






39. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






40. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






41. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






42. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






43. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






44. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






45. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






46. Where soma and axon connect






47. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






48. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






49. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






50. Inactivated state of a neuron