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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes
Myelencephalon
Amygdala
Inferior colliculus
Axon hillock
2. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Spine (subsystem)
Alexia
Limbic system
postsynaptic potentials
3. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Amino acids
Sleep spindles
resting potential
White Matter
4. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
fMRI
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
oxytocin
5. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Thalamus
reuptake
Temporal lobe
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
6. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
All-or-none law
Apraxia
Neuromodulators
Schwann cells
7. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Temporal lobe
Catecholamines
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
menarche
8. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
oxytocin
Corticospinal tract
Frontal lobe
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
9. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Acetylcholine
Organizational hormones
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Delta waves
10. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
Sympathetic nervous system
Corticospinal tract
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Nodes of Ranvier
11. Where soma and axon connect
Terminal buttons
Axon hillock
Metencephalon
Steps in neural transmission
12. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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13. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure
Agraphia
menarche
Hippocampus
Sympathetic nervous system
14. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Diencephalon
Ventricles
Somatic nervous system
Basal ganglia
15. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
menarche
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
PET
16. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Pituitary gland
Neurotransmitters
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Hindbrain
17. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Saltatory conduction
Sulci
Axon hillock
Brain evolution
18. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
resting potential
Afferent fibers
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Thyroid stimulating hormone
19. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Vasopressin
Limbic system
Parietal lobe
estrogen
20. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Neuron
Limbic system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Delta waves
21. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Blood-brain barrier
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Myelencephalon
Rebound effect
22. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Temporal lobe
Wernicke'S aphasia
Telencephalon
Gyri
23. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan
Steps in neural transmission
Somatic nervous system
Cortical association areas
Delta waves
24. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
Hippocampus
H-Y antigen
Rebound effect
Blooming and pruning
25. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Inferior colliculus
menarche
Blooming and pruning
Rebound effect
26. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Steps in neural transmission
White matter
27. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Relative refractory period
Blooming and pruning
Corticospinal tract
Hypothalamus
28. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Somatic nervous system
Hormones (type)
Organizational hormones
Endorphins
29. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
reuptake
Blooming and pruning
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Hypothalamus
30. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Sleep spindles
White Matter
Alexia
Occipital lobe
31. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Apraxia
Sleep spindles
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Activational hormones
32. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
Mesencephalon
Organizational hormones
Spine (subsystem)
Myelencephalon
33. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Parasympathetic nervous system
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Synaptic vessels
Limbic system
34. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Oligodendrocytes
Presynaptic cell
Gyri
androgens (example)
35. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Blooming and pruning
Sleep cycles
Inferior colliculus
oxytocin
36. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Saltatory conduction
Hindbrain
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Agraphia
37. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
Neurotransmitters
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
H-Y antigen
Postsynaptic cell
38. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Diencephalon
Blood-brain barrier
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Blooming and pruning
39. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Alexia
Monoamines
Acetylcholine
Ventricles
40. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Postsynaptic cell
Agnosia
Sleep spindles
Beta waves
41. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Saltatory conduction
Synapse gap
Beta waves
42. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Tectum
Oligodendrocytes
Forebrain (division)
Cingulate gyrus
43. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Basal ganglia
White Matter
Saltatory conduction
Agraphia
44. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Sleep spindles
Ventricles
Electroencephalogram
Tegmentum
45. Connections between brain and spine
androgens (example)
Corticospinal tract
Mesencephalon
Sympathetic nervous system
46. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Synapse gap
Agonists
Frontal lobe
Monoamines
47. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction
Axon
Theta waves
Gyri
oxytocin
48. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Theta waves
Alpha waves
Gyri
Delta waves
49. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system
Limbic system
Pituitary gland
Brain evolution
Meninges
50. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Electroencephalogram