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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organizational and activational






2. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






3. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






4. Gray matter - white matter






5. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






6. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






7. Bumps seen on cortex surface






8. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






9. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






10. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






11. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






12. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






13. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






14. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






15. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






16. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






17. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






18. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






19. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






20. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






21. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






22. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






23. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






24. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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25. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






26. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






27. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






28. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






29. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






30. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






31. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






32. Made up of brain and spinal cord






33. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






34. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






35. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






36. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






37. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






38. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






39. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






40. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






41. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






42. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






43. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






44. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






45. Connections between brain and spine






46. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






47. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






48. Fissures seen on cortex surface






49. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






50. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night