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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
fMRI
Axon hillock
Pituitary gland
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
2. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Relative refractory period
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
oxytocin
menarche
3. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Rebound effect
Dendrites
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Temporal lobe
4. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Reticular formation
Corticospinal tract
Endorphins
Brain evolution
5. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Agraphia
Absolute refractory period
Soma
Apraxia
6. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Limbic system
oxytocin
Absolute refractory period
7. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)
Inferior colliculus
Agonists
Axon hillock
Mesencephalon
8. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
Presynaptic cell
estrogen
Indolamines
Sulci
9. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Parasympathetic nervous system
Reticular formation
Delta waves
Monoamines
10. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Occipital lobe
Antagonists
Neuromodulators
11. Organizational and activational
Hippocampus
Neurotransmitters
Wernicke'S aphasia
Hormones (type)
12. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Spine (subsystem)
Alexia
Pituitary gland
Neuromodulators
13. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Terminal buttons
Delta waves
Myelin sheath
Presynaptic cell
14. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Agnosia
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Stereotaxic instruments
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
15. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Schwann cells
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Frontal lobe
fMRI
16. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
Temporal lobe
Autonomic nervous system
fMRI
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
17. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Cell membrane
Axon hillock
Inferior colliculus
Forebrain (division)
18. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Schwann cells
Meninges
Terminal buttons
Cingulate gyrus
19. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Glial cells
Agraphia
Presynaptic cell
20. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Blood-brain barrier
Rebound effect
Superior colliculus
Ventricles
21. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites
Gray matter
Blood-brain barrier
Neurotransmitters
Sleep cycles
22. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
Indolamines
Monoamines
Tegmentum
PET
23. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Cortical association areas
Sympathetic nervous system
Neural synchrony
Mesencephalon
24. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Saltatory conduction
Meninges
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
25. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Frontal lobe
Efferent fibers
Telencephalon
Oligodendrocytes
26. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Vasopressin
Basal ganglia
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Absolute refractory period
27. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Gyri
White Matter
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Axon
28. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Myelin sheath
Monoamines
Glutamate
Meninges
29. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Alexia
Amino acids
Glutamate
Apraxia
30. Connections between brain and spine
Indolamines
Corticospinal tract
Hypothalamus
Postsynaptic cell
31. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Synapse gap
Cell membrane
Presynaptic cell
Tectum
32. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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33. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
White Matter
Beta waves
Dendrites
Amino acids
34. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Neurotransmitters
Myelencephalon
androgens (example)
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
35. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
H-Y antigen
Meninges
Forebrain (division)
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
36. Inactivated state of a neuron
resting potential
Oligodendrocytes
Sulci
Dendrites
37. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Beta waves
Acetylcholine
Brain evolution
Hypothalamus
38. Where soma and axon connect
Schwann cells
Electroencephalogram
Hippocampus
Axon hillock
39. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Autonomic nervous system
Temporal lobe
Agnosia
Alexia
40. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
Metencephalon
Steps in neural transmission
Hyperphagia
Occipital lobe
41. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Sleep spindles
Absolute refractory period
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Cingulate gyrus
42. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Sleep cycles
Agraphia
Activational hormones
Occipital lobe
43. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Spine (subsystem)
Organizational hormones
Blood-brain barrier
Agnosia
44. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
Gray matter
Frontal lobe
Agonists
White Matter
45. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Sulci
Hindbrain
Telencephalon
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
46. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Superior colliculus
Somatic nervous system
androgens (example)
Organizational hormones
47. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Superior colliculus
Pituitary gland
Cell membrane
48. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Rebound effect
Hyperphagia
Glial cells
Temporal lobe
49. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Synapse gap
Axon
Agraphia
Spine (subsystem)
50. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Basal ganglia
Activational hormones
menarche
Amino acids