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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






2. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






3. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






4. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)


5. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






6. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






7. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






8. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






9. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






10. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






11. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






12. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






13. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






14. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






15. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






16. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






17. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






18. Fissures seen on cortex surface






19. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






20. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






21. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






22. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






23. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






24. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






25. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






26. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






27. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






28. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






29. Connections between brain and spine






30. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






31. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






32. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






33. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)


34. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






35. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






36. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






37. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






38. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






39. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






40. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






41. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






42. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






43. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






44. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






45. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






46. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






47. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






48. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






49. Provide myelin in central nervous system






50. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive