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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






2. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






3. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






4. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






5. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






6. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






7. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






8. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






9. Inactivated state of a neuron






10. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






11. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






12. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






13. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






14. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






15. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






16. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






17. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






18. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






19. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






20. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






21. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






22. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






23. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






24. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






25. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






26. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






27. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






28. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






29. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






30. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






31. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






32. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






33. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






34. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






35. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






36. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






37. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






38. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






39. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






40. Made up of brain and spinal cord






41. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






42. Fissures seen on cortex surface






43. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






44. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






45. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






46. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






47. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






48. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






49. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






50. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing