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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where soma and axon connect






2. Made up of brain and spinal cord






3. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






4. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






5. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






6. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






7. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






8. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






9. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






11. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






12. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






13. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






14. Gray matter - white matter






15. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






16. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






17. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






18. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






19. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






20. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






21. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






22. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






23. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






24. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






25. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






26. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






27. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






28. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






29. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






30. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






31. Holds neurotransmitters






32. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






33. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






34. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






35. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






36. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






37. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






38. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






39. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






40. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






41. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






42. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






43. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






44. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






45. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






46. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






47. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






48. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






49. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






50. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation