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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where soma and axon connect
Agraphia
Axon hillock
Hindbrain
Alpha waves
2. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Mesencephalon
Antagonists
Saltatory conduction
Central Nervous System (CNS)
3. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Afferent fibers
resting potential
Vasopressin
4. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Myelencephalon
Afferent fibers
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
All-or-none law
5. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Amino acids
Myelencephalon
Theta waves
6. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Tegmentum
Glutamate
Absolute refractory period
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
7. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S
Frontal lobe
Basal ganglia
Terminal buttons
Apraxia
8. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
reuptake
Sleep cycles
Axon hillock
PET
9. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Sham rage
Postsynaptic cell
Superior colliculus
Axon
10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
androgens (example)
Alexia
White matter
Endorphins
11. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states
menarche
fMRI
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Beta waves
12. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure
Parietal lobe
Sympathetic nervous system
androgens (example)
Mesencephalon
13. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Sulci
Hyperphagia
Temporal lobe
Amygdala
14. Gray matter - white matter
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Postsynaptic cell
Theta waves
Spine (subsystem)
15. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production
Hindbrain
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Reticular formation
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
16. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Frontal lobe
Somatic nervous system
Monoamines
Soma
17. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Spine (subsystem)
Amino acids
All-or-none law
postsynaptic potentials
18. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Tectum
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Superior colliculus
Frontal lobe
19. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
Hormones (type)
menarche
Agnosia
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
20. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Hindbrain
Presynaptic cell
Metencephalon
21. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Corticospinal tract
Alpha waves
All-or-none law
Terminal buttons
22. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Hyperphagia
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Electroencephalogram
Alpha waves
23. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Theta waves
Cortical association areas
Soma
Pituitary gland
24. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Stereotaxic instruments
Dendrites
Organizational hormones
Rebound effect
25. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Broca'S aphasia
Ventricles
Monoamines
Cell membrane
26. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
menarche
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Telencephalon
Inferior colliculus
27. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
White matter
PET
28. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Neuron
Cingulate gyrus
Amino acids
29. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Myelencephalon
Presynaptic cell
Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
30. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Amygdala
fMRI
oxytocin
Cortical association areas
31. Holds neurotransmitters
Thalamus
Saltatory conduction
Dendrites
Synaptic vessels
32. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Sympathetic nervous system
Apraxia
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Temporal lobe
33. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Rebound effect
Blood-brain barrier
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Endorphins
34. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Vasopressin
Neural synchrony
Rebound effect
Schwann cells
35. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Spine (subsystem)
Inferior colliculus
Electroencephalogram
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
36. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Brain evolution
Hyperphagia
resting potential
Superior colliculus
37. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Tectum
Steps in neural transmission
Autonomic nervous system
Antagonists
38. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
menarche
Myelencephalon
Neural synchrony
Presynaptic cell
39. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Parasympathetic nervous system
Axon
Saltatory conduction
Hippocampus
40. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
Myelencephalon
Delta waves
White matter
Thalamus
41. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
resting potential
Blood-brain barrier
Mesencephalon
Tegmentum
42. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
Reticular formation
Vasopressin
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Agnosia
43. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Reticular formation
Autonomic nervous system
Alpha waves
Occipital lobe
44. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Sleep spindles
Myelin sheath
Metencephalon
45. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Steps in neural transmission
Autonomic nervous system
Amygdala
46. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain
Hippocampus
Diencephalon
Blood-brain barrier
Steps in neural transmission
47. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Hormones (type)
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Sleep cycles
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
48. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Saltatory conduction
Hypothalamus
Presynaptic cell
postsynaptic potentials
49. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Cell membrane
Hindbrain
Stereotaxic instruments
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
50. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Absolute refractory period
Telencephalon
Cingulate gyrus
Glial cells