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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






2. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






3. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






4. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






5. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






6. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






7. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






8. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






9. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






10. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






11. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






12. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






13. Made up of brain and spinal cord






14. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






15. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






16. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






17. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






18. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






19. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






20. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






21. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






22. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






24. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






25. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






26. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






27. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






28. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






29. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






30. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






31. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






32. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






33. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






34. Connections between brain and spine






35. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






36. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






37. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






38. Gray matter - white matter






39. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






40. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






41. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






42. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






43. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






44. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






45. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






46. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






47. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






48. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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49. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






50. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.