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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






2. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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3. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






4. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






5. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






6. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






7. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






8. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






9. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






11. Fissures seen on cortex surface






12. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






13. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






14. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






15. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






16. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






17. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






18. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






19. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






20. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






21. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






22. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






23. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






24. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






25. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






26. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






27. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






28. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






29. Bumps seen on cortex surface






30. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






31. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






32. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






33. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






34. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






35. Provide myelin in central nervous system






36. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






37. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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38. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






39. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






40. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






41. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






42. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






43. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






44. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






45. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






46. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






47. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






48. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






49. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






50. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)