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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Acetylcholine
Limbic system
Somatic nervous system
Central Nervous System (CNS)
2. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty
Axon
menarche
Sympathetic nervous system
resting potential
3. Where soma and axon connect
Axon hillock
Occipital lobe
Mesencephalon
Theta waves
4. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Basal ganglia
Catecholamines
Neuromodulators
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
5. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Meninges
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Presynaptic cell
6. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Glial cells
Alpha waves
Basal ganglia
Central Nervous System (CNS)
7. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Agraphia
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Acetylcholine
Inferior colliculus
8. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Neurotransmitters
Parietal lobe
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Relative refractory period
9. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Dendrites
Beta waves
Rebound effect
Spine (subsystem)
10. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Axon hillock
Activational hormones
Steps in neural transmission
postsynaptic potentials
11. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
Frontal lobe
Gray matter
Metencephalon
Gyri
12. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Tegmentum
Afferent fibers
Superior colliculus
Relative refractory period
13. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Agnosia
Forebrain (division)
Apraxia
Monoamines
14. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Presynaptic cell
androgens (example)
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Occipital lobe
15. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Nodes of Ranvier
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Wernicke'S aphasia
Hindbrain
16. Inactivated state of a neuron
Hindbrain
resting potential
Monoamines
Neurotransmitters
17. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Brain evolution
Absolute refractory period
Beta waves
Nodes of Ranvier
18. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed
Cingulate gyrus
Limbic system
Hindbrain
Sham rage
19. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Inferior colliculus
Telencephalon
Sham rage
Vasopressin
20. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Telencephalon
Amygdala
Agnosia
Steps in neural transmission
21. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Amino acids
fMRI
estrogen
PET
22. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Sham rage
Synaptic vessels
Electroencephalogram
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
23. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Delta waves
Soma
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
24. Holds neurotransmitters
Tectum
Cingulate gyrus
Synaptic vessels
Rebound effect
25. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Forebrain (division)
Blood-brain barrier
Organizational hormones
Tegmentum
26. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Metencephalon
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Catecholamines
White Matter
27. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Agonists
Hyperphagia
White Matter
Indolamines
28. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
reuptake
Rebound effect
Activational hormones
Acetylcholine
29. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
oxytocin
Sympathetic nervous system
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Cortical association areas
30. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
resting potential
Neural synchrony
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Organizational hormones
31. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves
Theta waves
Hypothalamus
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Afferent fibers
32. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
androgens (example)
Axon
Monoamines
Brain evolution
33. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Nodes of Ranvier
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Monoamines
Temporal lobe
34. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Nodes of Ranvier
Myelencephalon
Schwann cells
Monoamines
35. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Sleep spindles
Mesencephalon
Ventricles
Forebrain (division)
36. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
H-Y antigen
Myelin sheath
Hypothalamus
Brain evolution
37. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Endorphins
Amygdala
Gyri
Mesencephalon
38. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Neuron
Meninges
menarche
Frontal lobe
39. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
estrogen
Temporal lobe
fMRI
Forebrain (division)
40. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Neuromodulators
Telencephalon
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Tectum
41. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Apraxia
White Matter
reuptake
Acetylcholine
42. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
fMRI
PET
Agnosia
Vasopressin
43. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Neural synchrony
Parietal lobe
Saltatory conduction
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
44. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Neural synchrony
postsynaptic potentials
Synapse gap
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
45. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Sleep spindles
Relative refractory period
Cingulate gyrus
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
46. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Antagonists
Broca'S aphasia
Limbic system
Hindbrain
47. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Endorphins
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Occipital lobe
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
48. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Beta waves
Neuron
49. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Terminal buttons
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Alexia
Schwann cells
50. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure
Sympathetic nervous system
Alexia
Antagonists
White matter