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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






2. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






3. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






4. Bumps seen on cortex surface






5. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






6. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






7. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






8. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






9. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






10. Fissures seen on cortex surface






11. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






12. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






13. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






14. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






15. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






16. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






17. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






18. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






19. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






20. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






21. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






22. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






23. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






24. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






25. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






26. Where soma and axon connect






27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






28. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






29. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






30. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






31. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






32. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






33. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






34. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






35. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






36. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






37. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






38. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






39. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






40. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






41. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






42. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






43. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






44. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






45. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






46. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






47. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






48. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






49. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






50. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles