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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






2. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






3. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






4. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






5. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






6. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






7. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






8. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






9. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






10. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






11. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






12. Inactivated state of a neuron






13. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






14. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






15. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






16. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






17. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






18. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






19. Provide myelin in central nervous system






20. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






21. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






22. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






23. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






24. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






25. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






26. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






27. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






28. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






29. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






30. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






31. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






32. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






33. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






34. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






35. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






36. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






37. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






38. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






39. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






40. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






41. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






42. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






43. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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44. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






45. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






46. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






47. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






48. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






49. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






50. Gray matter - white matter