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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






2. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






3. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






4. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






5. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






6. Where soma and axon connect






7. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






8. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






9. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






10. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






11. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






12. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






13. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






14. Gray matter - white matter






15. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)


16. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






17. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






18. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






19. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






20. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






21. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






22. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






23. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






24. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






25. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






26. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






27. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






28. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






29. Holds neurotransmitters






30. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






31. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






32. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






33. Bumps seen on cortex surface






34. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






35. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






36. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






37. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






38. Provide myelin in central nervous system






39. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






40. Organizational and activational






41. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






42. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






43. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






44. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)


45. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






46. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






47. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






48. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






49. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






50. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive