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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






2. Gray matter - white matter






3. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






4. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






5. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






6. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






7. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






8. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






9. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






10. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






11. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






12. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






13. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






14. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






15. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






16. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






17. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






18. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






19. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






20. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






21. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






22. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






23. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






24. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






25. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






26. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






27. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






28. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






29. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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30. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






31. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






32. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






33. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






34. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






35. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






36. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






37. Inactivated state of a neuron






38. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






39. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






40. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






41. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






42. Connections between brain and spine






43. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






44. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






45. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






46. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






47. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






48. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






49. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






50. Provide myelin in central nervous system