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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






2. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






3. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






4. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






5. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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6. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






7. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






8. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






9. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






10. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






11. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






12. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






13. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






14. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






15. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






16. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






17. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






18. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






19. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






20. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






21. Made up of brain and spinal cord






22. Connections between brain and spine






23. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






24. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






25. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






26. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






27. Bumps seen on cortex surface






28. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






29. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






30. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






31. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






32. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






33. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






34. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






35. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






36. Holds neurotransmitters






37. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






38. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






39. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






40. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






41. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






42. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






43. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






44. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






45. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






46. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






47. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






48. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






49. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






50. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters