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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






2. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






3. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






4. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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5. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






6. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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7. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






8. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






9. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






10. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






11. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






12. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






13. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






14. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






15. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






16. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






17. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






18. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






19. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






20. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






21. Where soma and axon connect






22. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






23. Provide myelin in central nervous system






24. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






25. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






26. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






27. Inactivated state of a neuron






28. Bumps seen on cortex surface






29. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






30. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






31. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






32. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






33. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






34. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






35. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






36. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






37. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






38. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






39. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






40. Made up of brain and spinal cord






41. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






42. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






43. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






44. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






45. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






46. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






47. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






48. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






49. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






50. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->