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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






2. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






3. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






4. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






5. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






6. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






7. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






8. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






9. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






10. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






11. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






12. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






13. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






14. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






15. Where soma and axon connect






16. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






17. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






18. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






19. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






20. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






21. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






22. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






23. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






24. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






25. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






26. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






27. Connections between brain and spine






28. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






29. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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30. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






31. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






32. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






33. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






34. Made up of brain and spinal cord






35. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






36. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






37. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






38. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






39. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






40. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






41. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






42. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






43. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






44. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






45. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






46. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






47. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






48. Bumps seen on cortex surface






49. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






50. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive