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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites
Sleep cycles
Delta waves
Terminal buttons
Gray matter
2. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Sulci
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Monoamines
3. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Limbic system
Frontal lobe
Amygdala
Agraphia
4. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain
Hippocampus
Wernicke'S aphasia
Rebound effect
Endorphins
5. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Monoamines
Endorphins
Synapse gap
6. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions
Autonomic nervous system
Cingulate gyrus
Pituitary gland
Hyperphagia
7. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Autonomic nervous system
Saltatory conduction
PET
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
8. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Catecholamines
Spine (subsystem)
Acetylcholine
Sleep cycles
9. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell
Gyri
Neuromodulators
Apraxia
Myelencephalon
10. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Postsynaptic cell
Agonists
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
11. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Alexia
Cell membrane
Myelencephalon
12. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Presynaptic cell
Hypothalamus
Dendrites
Brain evolution
13. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction
Electroencephalogram
Sleep cycles
Oligodendrocytes
Axon
14. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Metencephalon
Catecholamines
PET
Vasopressin
15. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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16. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
estrogen
Monoamines
Rebound effect
Telencephalon
17. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Tectum
Hypothalamus
Diencephalon
Apraxia
18. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells
Schwann cells
resting potential
Steps in neural transmission
Neuron
19. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Delta waves
Neuron
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Parietal lobe
20. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Activational hormones
Neuron
Monoamines
oxytocin
21. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Temporal lobe
Sulci
Activational hormones
Blooming and pruning
22. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Autonomic nervous system
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Alpha waves
Cell membrane
23. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Synaptic vessels
reuptake
Cell membrane
24. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
All-or-none law
Soma
Dendrites
25. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Gray matter
Soma
Corticospinal tract
Amygdala
26. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Steps in neural transmission
Glutamate
Presynaptic cell
Saltatory conduction
27. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Sham rage
Superior colliculus
Alexia
resting potential
28. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Nodes of Ranvier
Axon hillock
White matter
29. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Sleep spindles
Neural synchrony
Basal ganglia
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
30. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Myelin sheath
Acetylcholine
fMRI
All-or-none law
31. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
Gyri
Efferent fibers
White matter
All-or-none law
32. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
postsynaptic potentials
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Temporal lobe
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
33. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
Dendrites
H-Y antigen
Hippocampus
Tegmentum
34. Gray matter - white matter
Ventricles
Pituitary gland
Frontal lobe
Spine (subsystem)
35. Inactivated state of a neuron
Amygdala
Hormones (type)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
resting potential
36. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Terminal buttons
menarche
Neuron
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
37. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Antagonists
Pituitary gland
Amygdala
postsynaptic potentials
38. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
reuptake
androgens (example)
Myelin sheath
Neural synchrony
39. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
Dendrites
Synaptic vessels
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Amygdala
40. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
Cortical association areas
Mesencephalon
Postsynaptic cell
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
41. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
Superior colliculus
Synaptic vessels
Metencephalon
Broca'S aphasia
42. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Hindbrain
Sulci
Cingulate gyrus
Gyri
43. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Monoamines
Oligodendrocytes
Acetylcholine
Superior colliculus
44. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Glial cells
Postsynaptic cell
PET
Ventricles
45. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving
fMRI
Relative refractory period
Frontal lobe
Superior colliculus
46. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Meninges
Reticular formation
Mesencephalon
postsynaptic potentials
47. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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48. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Absolute refractory period
Ventricles
oxytocin
Glial cells
49. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Neurotransmitters
Thalamus
Frontal lobe
Sham rage
50. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Stereotaxic instruments
Telencephalon
Parasympathetic nervous system
Occipital lobe