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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Antagonists
Meninges
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
estrogen
2. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Glial cells
Spine (subsystem)
Ventricles
Thyroid stimulating hormone
3. Fissures seen on cortex surface
All-or-none law
Sulci
Neurotransmitters
Neuron
4. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Vasopressin
Axon
Spine (subsystem)
5. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes
Beta waves
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Inferior colliculus
Indolamines
6. Where soma and axon connect
Parietal lobe
Neuromodulators
Saltatory conduction
Axon hillock
7. Gray matter - white matter
Parasympathetic nervous system
Spine (subsystem)
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Glutamate
8. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Cingulate gyrus
Efferent fibers
Meninges
Sleep cycles
9. Connections between brain and spine
Corticospinal tract
H-Y antigen
Neurotransmitters
Vasopressin
10. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Dendrites
Axon hillock
Blood-brain barrier
Sleep spindles
11. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves
Neural synchrony
Antagonists
Endorphins
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
12. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
resting potential
Thalamus
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Electroencephalogram
13. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Forebrain (division)
Terminal buttons
Occipital lobe
fMRI
14. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Basal ganglia
Diencephalon
Activational hormones
Apraxia
15. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone
Gray matter
Antagonists
Neurotransmitters
androgens (example)
16. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Beta waves
Soma
oxytocin
Amino acids
17. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Delta waves
Corticospinal tract
18. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Metencephalon
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Parietal lobe
Blood-brain barrier
19. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses
Myelin sheath
Absolute refractory period
Cortical association areas
Relative refractory period
20. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Meninges
Terminal buttons
Absolute refractory period
Central Nervous System (CNS)
21. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Gyri
Sulci
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
22. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Neuromodulators
Synaptic vessels
Presynaptic cell
Superior colliculus
23. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Amino acids
Inferior colliculus
Terminal buttons
Afferent fibers
24. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)
Spine (subsystem)
Wernicke'S aphasia
Parasympathetic nervous system
Temporal lobe
25. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Limbic system
Antagonists
Hypothalamus
Diencephalon
26. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
Alpha waves
Saltatory conduction
reuptake
H-Y antigen
27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information
PET
White matter
Agnosia
oxytocin
28. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Agraphia
Meninges
Wernicke'S aphasia
29. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Synapse gap
Postsynaptic cell
androgens (example)
Glial cells
30. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Thalamus
Glial cells
Brain evolution
Rebound effect
31. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Glutamate
Somatic nervous system
Steps in neural transmission
32. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Beta waves
Blood-brain barrier
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Broca'S aphasia
33. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Glial cells
Afferent fibers
Reticular formation
34. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Gyri
Theta waves
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
35. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Delta waves
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Brain evolution
36. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Alpha waves
estrogen
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
37. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing
Spine (subsystem)
Synapse gap
Autonomic nervous system
Telencephalon
38. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex
Stereotaxic instruments
Thalamus
Steps in neural transmission
Electroencephalogram
39. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Efferent fibers
Hormones (type)
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Parietal lobe
40. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Terminal buttons
Schwann cells
Steps in neural transmission
Presynaptic cell
41. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell
Neuromodulators
reuptake
Theta waves
Delta waves
42. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed
postsynaptic potentials
Sham rage
Rebound effect
Apraxia
43. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Hypothalamus
Hippocampus
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
44. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
White Matter
Axon
Temporal lobe
Vasopressin
45. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks
Metencephalon
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
fMRI
Monoamines
46. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Postsynaptic cell
Stereotaxic instruments
Blooming and pruning
Neuromodulators
47. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Meninges
Thalamus
Myelencephalon
Monoamines
48. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Activational hormones
Synapse gap
Postsynaptic cell
Steps in neural transmission
49. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Terminal buttons
Glutamate
Beta waves
Antagonists
50. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
Neurotransmitters
Cingulate gyrus
Brain evolution
Postsynaptic cell