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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






2. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






3. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






4. Gray matter - white matter






5. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






6. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






7. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






8. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






9. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






10. Bumps seen on cortex surface






11. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






12. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






13. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






14. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






15. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






16. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






17. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






18. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






19. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






20. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






21. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






22. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






23. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






24. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






25. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






26. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






27. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






28. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






29. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






30. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






31. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






32. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






33. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






34. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






35. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






36. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






37. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






38. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






39. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






40. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






41. Made up of brain and spinal cord






42. Inactivated state of a neuron






43. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






44. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






45. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






46. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






47. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






48. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






49. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






50. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles