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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






2. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






3. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






4. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






5. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






6. Holds neurotransmitters






7. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






8. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






9. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






10. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






11. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






12. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






13. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






14. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






15. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






16. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






17. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






18. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






19. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






20. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






21. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






22. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






23. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






24. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






25. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






26. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






27. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






28. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






29. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






30. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






31. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






32. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






33. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






34. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






35. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






36. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






37. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






38. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






39. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






40. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






41. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






42. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






43. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






44. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






45. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






46. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






47. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






48. Made up of brain and spinal cord






49. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






50. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->