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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






2. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






3. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






4. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






5. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






6. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






7. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






8. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






9. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






10. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






11. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






12. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






13. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






14. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






15. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






16. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






17. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






18. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






19. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






20. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






21. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






22. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






24. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






25. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






26. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






27. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






28. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






29. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






30. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






31. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






32. Organizational and activational






33. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






34. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






35. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






36. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






37. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






38. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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39. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






40. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






41. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






42. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






43. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






44. Provide myelin in central nervous system






45. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






46. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






47. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






48. Connections between brain and spine






49. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






50. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation