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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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2. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






3. Where soma and axon connect






4. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






5. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






6. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






7. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






8. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






9. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






10. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






11. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






12. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






13. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






14. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






15. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






16. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






17. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






18. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






19. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






20. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






21. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






22. Areas on cortex that correspond to certain functions; - the larger the area - the more sensitive and highly accessed the function - Damage to a particular area would result in certain dysfunction






23. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






24. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






25. Fissures seen on cortex surface






26. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






27. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






28. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






29. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






30. Inactivated state of a neuron






31. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






32. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






33. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






34. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






35. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






36. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






37. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






38. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






39. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






40. Connections between brain and spine






41. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






42. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






43. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






44. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






45. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






46. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






47. Bumps seen on cortex surface






48. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






49. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






50. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing