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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






2. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






3. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






4. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






5. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






6. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






7. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






8. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






9. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






10. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






11. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






12. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






13. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






14. Organizational and activational






15. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






16. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






17. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






18. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






19. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






20. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






21. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






22. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






24. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






25. Gray matter - white matter






26. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






27. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






28. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






29. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






30. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






31. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






32. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






33. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






34. Made up of brain and spinal cord






35. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






36. Increase in males during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop - example: testosterone






37. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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38. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






39. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






40. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






41. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






42. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






43. Fissures seen on cortex surface






44. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






45. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






46. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






47. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






48. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






49. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






50. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state