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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






2. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






3. Provide myelin in central nervous system






4. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






5. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






6. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






7. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






8. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






9. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






10. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






11. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication






12. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






13. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






14. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed






15. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






16. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






17. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






18. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






19. Bumps seen on cortex surface






20. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






21. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






22. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






23. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






24. Gray matter - white matter






25. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






26. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






27. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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28. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






29. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






30. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






31. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






32. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






33. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






34. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






35. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






36. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






37. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






38. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






39. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






40. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






41. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






42. Where soma and axon connect






43. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






44. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






45. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






46. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






47. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






48. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






49. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






50. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes







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