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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Diencephalon
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Tegmentum
2. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Frontal lobe
Glial cells
Cingulate gyrus
3. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
Corticospinal tract
oxytocin
Relative refractory period
Indolamines
4. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)
H-Y antigen
Gray matter
Postsynaptic cell
Soma
5. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)
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6. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive
PET
Endorphins
Inferior colliculus
Limbic system
7. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Presynaptic cell
Monoamines
Temporal lobe
Saltatory conduction
8. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Thalamus
Activational hormones
Occipital lobe
Wernicke'S aphasia
9. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
Inferior colliculus
Gyri
Somatic nervous system
White Matter
10. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Diencephalon
Blooming and pruning
postsynaptic potentials
Monoamines
11. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system
Pituitary gland
Rebound effect
Hypothalamus
Soma
12. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
Ventricles
Metencephalon
Somatic nervous system
Sham rage
13. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone
Autonomic nervous system
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Organizational hormones
Gyri
14. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
Dendrites
Indolamines
Parasympathetic nervous system
menarche
15. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Forebrain (division)
Endorphins
Sleep spindles
16. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Postsynaptic cell
H-Y antigen
Alpha waves
17. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
postsynaptic potentials
Hormones (type)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
reuptake
18. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Apraxia
Catecholamines
Rebound effect
Electroencephalogram
19. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Activational hormones
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Presynaptic cell
Nodes of Ranvier
20. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Alpha waves
Acetylcholine
21. Made up of brain and spinal cord
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
22. Connections between brain and spine
Dendrites
Limbic system
Corticospinal tract
Ventricles
23. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Sham rage
Glial cells
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Stereotaxic instruments
24. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock
Presynaptic cell
PET
Meninges
Ventricles
25. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
Temporal lobe
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Myelencephalon
Afferent fibers
26. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
menarche
Sympathetic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
Amino acids
27. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Endorphins
Acetylcholine
resting potential
Gyri
28. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Relative refractory period
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Temporal lobe
Afferent fibers
29. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Temporal lobe
Synapse gap
Cingulate gyrus
Superior colliculus
30. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
reuptake
Neural synchrony
Alexia
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
31. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Superior colliculus
Hyperphagia
H-Y antigen
androgens (example)
32. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Cingulate gyrus
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Blood-brain barrier
33. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Neuromodulators
Myelencephalon
Glutamate
Sympathetic nervous system
34. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Organizational hormones
Tectum
Hypothalamus
35. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Occipital lobe
Cell membrane
Steps in neural transmission
Amygdala
36. Holds neurotransmitters
Hippocampus
Axon hillock
Synaptic vessels
Agnosia
37. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)
Forebrain (division)
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Agnosia
Presynaptic cell
38. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system
Apraxia
Blood-brain barrier
Acetylcholine
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
39. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Vasopressin
Sleep spindles
Inferior colliculus
Reticular formation
40. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement
Myelencephalon
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Metencephalon
Basal ganglia
41. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Agraphia
fMRI
Hyperphagia
Endorphins
42. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing
Theta waves
Blooming and pruning
Telencephalon
Tectum
43. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Sympathetic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Synaptic vessels
Catecholamines
44. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing
Telencephalon
Pituitary gland
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
Corticospinal tract
45. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses
Sleep spindles
Agnosia
Myelin sheath
PET
46. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Hindbrain
Sham rage
Frontal lobe
Ventricles
47. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Superior colliculus
Acetylcholine
Sulci
Apraxia
48. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Relative refractory period
Stereotaxic instruments
Sympathetic nervous system
Thyroid stimulating hormone
49. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
Telencephalon
Afferent fibers
Acetylcholine
Dendrites
50. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Hippocampus
Terminal buttons
Hindbrain
Frontal lobe