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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organizational and activational






2. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation






3. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






4. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






5. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






6. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






7. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






8. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






9. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






10. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






11. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)






12. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






13. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






14. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






15. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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16. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






17. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






18. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






19. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






20. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






21. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






22. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






23. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






24. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






25. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)






26. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






27. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






28. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum






29. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






30. Where soma and axon connect






31. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






32. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






33. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






34. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






35. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






36. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






37. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






38. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






39. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






40. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






41. Inactivated state of a neuron






42. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






43. Fissures seen on cortex surface






44. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






45. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






46. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






47. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive






48. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






49. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






50. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes