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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
White Matter
Ventricles
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Cell membrane
2. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression
PET
Beta waves
Indolamines
Vasopressin
3. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system
All-or-none law
Absolute refractory period
Superior colliculus
Schwann cells
4. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Schwann cells
Frontal lobe
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
Agonists
5. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
H-Y antigen
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Glial cells
Apraxia
6. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
Absolute refractory period
Relative refractory period
Cortical association areas
White matter
7. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Synaptic vessels
White matter
Agraphia
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
8. Midbrain; contains tectum and tegmentum
Temporal lobe
resting potential
Mesencephalon
Alexia
9. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Frontal lobe
Gyri
Somatic nervous system
Hindbrain
10. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines
Monoamines
Cell membrane
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Pituitary gland
11. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Cell membrane
Hyperphagia
Amino acids
Theta waves
12. Process in which neural pathways are connected and then some die out (children go through these process)
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Dendrites
Blooming and pruning
All-or-none law
13. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum
Activational hormones
Vasopressin
Brain evolution
androgens (example)
14. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP
Vasopressin
Autonomic nervous system
Acetylcholine
Beta waves
15. Connections between brain and spine
Gray matter
Parasympathetic nervous system
Agnosia
Corticospinal tract
16. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)
Temporal lobe
Hyperphagia
Sham rage
Wernicke'S aphasia
17. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write
resting potential
Frontal lobe
Agraphia
Sulci
18. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses
Superior colliculus
Amino acids
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Axon
19. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
postsynaptic potentials
Basal ganglia
Axon hillock
Brain evolution
20. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Blood-brain barrier
Organizational hormones
Vasopressin
21. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Tegmentum
Electroencephalogram
Alpha waves
22. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses
Glial cells
Axon hillock
Saltatory conduction
Myelin sheath
23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement
Somatic nervous system
Reticular formation
Apraxia
Agraphia
24. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.
Axon hillock
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Glutamate
Blooming and pruning
25. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves
Agonists
Indolamines
Alpha waves
Tectum
26. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)
Sham rage
Agonists
Rebound effect
Hyperphagia
27. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath
Presynaptic cell
Pituitary gland
Hippocampus
Saltatory conduction
28. Outer half-inch of cerebral hemispheres; - sensory and intellectual functions; - split into frontal - occipital - parietal - temporal lobes; - 90% is neocortex (new in evolution - 6 layers cortex) - 10% < 6 layers and more primitive
Glutamate
menarche
Superior colliculus
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
29. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front
Spine (subsystem)
Neural synchrony
Brain evolution
Oligodendrocytes
30. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Sulci
Sympathetic nervous system
Delta waves
androgens (example)
31. Pathway that runs to and from CNS
Neural synchrony
Antagonists
Myelencephalon
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
32. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop
Cell membrane
Basal ganglia
Organizational hormones
estrogen
33. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord
Pituitary gland
Meninges
Amino acids
Synaptic vessels
34. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Superior colliculus
Sympathetic nervous system
Indolamines
35. Holds neurotransmitters
Synaptic vessels
Gyri
Myelencephalon
Efferent fibers
36. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Hippocampus
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Absolute refractory period
37. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters
Terminal buttons
Alpha waves
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Afferent fibers
38. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction
Monoamines
Axon
Rebound effect
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
39. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions
Terminal buttons
Agraphia
H-Y antigen
PET
40. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell
Efferent fibers
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Absolute refractory period
reuptake
41. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Tegmentum
Relative refractory period
Antagonists
Synapse gap
42. Bumps seen on cortex surface
Wernicke'S aphasia
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
PET
Gyri
43. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)
Basal ganglia
Reticular formation
reuptake
postsynaptic potentials
44. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes
Inferior colliculus
Broca'S aphasia
Telencephalon
menarche
45. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Neural synchrony
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Reticular formation
46. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system
Superior colliculus
Acetylcholine
Afferent fibers
Sleep spindles
47. Time after a neuron fires which it cannot respond to stimulation
Myelin sheath
fMRI
Absolute refractory period
Brain evolution
48. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan
Steps in neural transmission
Activational hormones
Presynaptic cell
Agonists
49. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
Meninges
Parasympathetic nervous system
Stereotaxic instruments
50. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells
Neurotransmitters
Cingulate gyrus
PET
Organizational hormones