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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






2. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






3. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






4. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






5. Measures oxygen flow in different brain areas - used most in cognitive psych to measure activity in different brain regions during certain tasks






6. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






7. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






8. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






9. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






10. Of diencephalon - controls autonomic nervous system biological motivations (hunger - thirst) and pituitary gland






11. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system






12. Inactivated state of a neuron






13. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






14. Bumps seen on cortex surface






15. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






16. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






17. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






18. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






19. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






20. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






21. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






22. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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23. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






24. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






25. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






26. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






27. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






28. Like neurotransmitters but cause long-term changes in postsynaptic cell






29. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






30. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






31. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






32. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






33. Jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next due to insulation by myelin sheath






34. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






35. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






36. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






37. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






38. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger






39. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






40. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction






41. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






42. Provide myelin in central nervous system






43. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






44. Bumps on the brainstem - controls visual reflexes






45. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






46. Connections between brain and spine






47. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






48. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






49. Holds neurotransmitters






50. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing