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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






2. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






3. Of telencephalon - involves in memory- transfer STM into LTM - - new neurons can form in adult mammalian brain






4. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex






5. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






6. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






7. Divided into diencephalon and telencephalon






8. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






9. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






10. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






11. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






12. Connections between brain and spine






13. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






14. REM-sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves that characterize waking states






15. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






16. Stage 0 & 1 non-REM sleep - low-amplitude and fast-frequency waves






17. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






18. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






19. Organizational and activational






20. Occur during specific periods in development - permanent or long-lasting effects; - presence of H-Y antigen in development causes fetus to develop into a male - absence to female; - androgens in males and estrogen in females causes secondary sex cha






21. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






22. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to organize movement






23. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






24. Controlled by hypothalamus - regulation of hormones in the body - The 'master gland' of the endocrine/hormone system






25. PNS - interacts with external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles






26. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






27. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






28. Holds neurotransmitters






29. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






30. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






31. Inner core of spine - cell bodies and dendrites






32. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system






33. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus






34. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






35. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






36. Tough connective tissues that cover/protect brain and spinal cord






37. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






38. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






39. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






40. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






41. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






42. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






43. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






44. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






45. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






46. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






47. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






48. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






49. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






50. PNS fibers that run towards CNS