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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






2. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






3. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






4. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






5. PNS - interacts with internal environment - - Responsible for the 'fight or flight' response - - It controls the involuntary functions including movement of smooth muscles - digestion - blood circulation - breathing






6. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






7. Chambers filled with cerebrospinal fluid that insulate brain from shock






8. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






9. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






10. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






11. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






12. Depolarization - + from outside allowed into cell - increase firing






13. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






14. Made up of brain and spinal cord






15. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






16. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






17. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






18. Increase in female during puberty causes genitals to matures and secondary sex characteristics to develop






19. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






20. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






21. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






22. Organizational and activational






23. End of a neuron (terminal buttons)






24. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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25. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






26. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






27. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






28. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






29. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






30. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






31. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






32. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments






33. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






34. Low-amplitude and fast -frequency alpha waves






35. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






36. Bumps seen on cortex surface






37. Of cerebral cortex - controls speech (Broca'S area) - reasoning - problem solving






38. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






39. Contain synaptic vessels that hold neurotransmitters






40. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life






41. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






42. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






43. Chemicals that stimulate nearby cells






44. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty






45. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus






46. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






47. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






48. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






49. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






50. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front