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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night






2. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours






3. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






4. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






5. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






6. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -






7. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






8. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus






9. comprises 50% of total sleep at birth - decreases to 25% - 20% sleep time spent in this type of sleep - Interspersed with non-REM every 30-40min - where dreams are experience - characterized by neural desynchrony - also known as paradoxical sleep -->






10. The process after a neurotransmitter has done its job - it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell






11. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






12. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells






13. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






14. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






15. Holds neurotransmitters






16. Anytime during adulthood - short periods - often transient or reversible (current/recent circulation); - menstrual cycle (estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone (LH) - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)); - LH and FSH in females regulate ovum






17. Comprise two classes of neurotransmitters - indolamines and catecholamines






18. Incredible rage easily provoked when cerebral cortex is removed






19. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon






20. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






21. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






22. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan






23. Made up of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system






24. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates






25. Bumps on the brainstem - controls auditory reflexes






26. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)






27. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






28. Stage 1 & 2 non-REM sleep (with sleep spindles) - lower-amplitude and slower frequency waves






29. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses






30. Base in hindbrain - rest in midbrain; oldest brain area; Controls alertness - thirst - sleep - involuntary muscles (i.e. heart)






31. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision






32. In females - regulate the development of ovum and trigger ovulation - In males - regulate the development of sperm cells and the production of testosterone






33. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






34. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






35. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state






36. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing






37. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






38. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






39. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






40. Inactivated state of a neuron






41. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






42. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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43. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






44. Control large voluntary muscle movements - Their degeneration is related to motor dysfunction in Parkinson'S and Huntington'S






45. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






46. ANS - controls arousal mechanisms (blood circulation - pupil dilation - threat and fear response) - Lie detector test relies on the premise -->lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and cause things like (increase heart rate - blood pressure






47. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential






48. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






49. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter






50. For female - the onset of the menstrual cycles - occurs during puberty







Sorry!:) No result found.

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