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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Present in fast-acting - directed synapses






2. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation






3. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep






4. Where soma and axon connect






5. Extension of the spine - developed from base to the front






6. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)






7. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for hearing - also Wernicke'S area (related to speech)






8. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through






9. Provide myelin in central nervous system






10. Of Hindbrain - aka medulla; Mainly controls for reflexes - but also controls sleep - attention - movement






11. Of telencephalon - links brain areas dealing with emotion and decisions






12. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t






13. Fissures seen on cortex surface






14. PNS fibers that run towards CNS






15. Inactivated state of a neuron






16. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)

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17. An amino acid - most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter.






18. Released at neuromuscular junction to cause contraction of skeletal muscles - also involved in parasympathetic nervous system






19. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to write






20. Pathway that runs to and from CNS






21. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system






22. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - inability to read






23. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Wernicke'S area - in left temporal lobe; can speak but doesn'T understand how to correctly choose words (fluent but nonsensical)

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24. Organizational and activational






25. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation






26. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later






27. The basic unit of the nervous system - Consist of: Dentrites - cell body (soma) - axon hillock - axon - myelin sheath - nodes of Ranvier - Terminal buttons - cell membrane - synapse - glial cells






28. Of pituitary - activates thyroid






29. Made up of brain and spinal cord






30. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone






31. Include serotonin - lack of serotonin is linked with depression






32. Transmits impulses of neuron - bundles of these are nerve fibers (white matter); the wider nerve fiber - the faster its conduction






33. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity






34. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus






35. Measures brain wave patterns and have made it possible to study waking and sleeping states






36. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - difficulty processing sensory information






37. Of pituitary - regulate water levels in body and therefore BP






38. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)






39. ANS - recuperation after arousal (decrease HR - BP - respiration)






40. Beginning of neuron (dendrites)






41. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing






42. Of mesencephalon - vision and hearing






43. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber






44. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)






45. Gray matter - white matter






46. Of pituitary - stress hormone - increases androgen and cortisol production






47. Increase effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [for depression] increase serotonin activity)






48. Linked to pleasure and analgesia; can be endogenous (opioid peptides) or exogenous (morphine or heroin) - Exogenous endorphine are highly addictive






49. Positron emission tomography - scans glucose metabolism to measure activity in various brain regions






50. Of diencephalon - channels sensory information to cerebral cortex