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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 1
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Subjects
:
gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organizational and activational
Hormones (type)
Soma
Axon
Myelencephalon
2. Neuron branches - receive impulses - branching patterns change throughout life
Neuron
Sleep cycles
Dendrites
Sympathetic nervous system
3. Fast frequency bursts of brain activity - inhibits processing to keep tranquil state
Alpha waves
Relative refractory period
Sleep spindles
menarche
4. Gray matter - white matter
Corticospinal tract
Spine (subsystem)
fMRI
Forebrain (division)
5. Used to implant electrodes into animals' brains in experiments
Stereotaxic instruments
reuptake
Mesencephalon
Synapse gap
6. Time after absolute refractory period - neuron can fire but needs a much stronger stimulus
Relative refractory period
Endorphins
Reticular formation
fMRI
7. Bumps seen on cortex surface
androgens (example)
Gyri
Cell membrane
Apraxia
8. Consists of myelencephalon - metencephalon - and reticular formation
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Agnosia
Hindbrain
Gray matter
9. Or just synapse - the space between 2 neurons where they communication
Cell membrane
Glial cells
Synapse gap
Schwann cells
10. Of mesencephalon - rest of reticular formation; Also involved in the sensorimotor system - analgesic effect of opiates
Presynaptic cell
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
PET
Tegmentum
11. Outer covering of spine - nerve fibers - axon bundles - myelin sheathing
Sympathetic nervous system
Saltatory conduction
Frontal lobe
White matter
12. Between myelin sheath - help send impulse down axon
Electroencephalogram
Sulci
Nodes of Ranvier
H-Y antigen
13. Made up of sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Antagonists
Monoamines
White matter
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
14. Consists of limbic system - hippocampus - amygdala - cingulate gyrus
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Telencephalon
Sleep cycles
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
15. An amino acid - most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Dendrites
Sympathetic nervous system
Efferent fibers
16. Bundles of axon - Nerve fiber
Amino acids
Hormones (type)
White Matter
Acetylcholine
17. 16 hours of sleep a day - 6 hours
Soma
androgens (example)
Sleep hours for infants and elderly respectively
Myelin sheath
18. Hyperpolarization - + let out - - compared to outside - decrease firing
Inferior colliculus
Axon hillock
Spine (subsystem)
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
19. PNS fibers that run away from CNS (to cause effect the brain wants)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Efferent fibers
Thyroid stimulating hormone
20. Takes about half an hour; (0) prelude to sleep - neural synchrony; alpha waves; person is relaxed and drowsy - closes eye; (1) Eyes begin to roll. alpha waves give way to irregular theta waves; loses responsiveness to stimuli - experiences fleeting t
Delta waves
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
21. Presence during development causes a fetus to develop into a male (absence cause the fetus to develop into a female)
Afferent fibers
H-Y antigen
Synapse gap
Occipital lobe
22. Stage 3 (less sleep spindles) & 4 non-REM sleep - high-amplitude and low-frequency - deepest level of sleep
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Rapid Eye Movement sleep
Delta waves
estrogen
23. (1) resting potential - neuron negatively charged - cell membrane does not let ions in; (2) presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters from terminal buttons; (3) postsynaptic receptors in postsynaptic cells detects neurotransmitter and open ion chan
Steps in neural transmission
Tegmentum
Metencephalon
Rebound effect
24. Dysfunction in certain cortical association area - language disorder from damage to Broca'S area - in left frontal lobe; can understand speech but has difficulty speaking (slow - laborious - omits words)
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25. Released from the pituitary and facilitates birth and breast feeding - also involved in pair bonding (mother to child or romantic partners) -
Temporal lobe
Oligodendrocytes
oxytocin
Vasopressin
26. Of telencephalon - structures around the brainstem involved in 4Fs (fleeing - feeding - fighting - and fornicating)
Alpha waves
Axon hillock
Limbic system
Pituitary gland
27. Include dopamine - lack of dopamine linked with Parkinson'S - excess dopamine is linked with schizophrenia - dopamine is also involved in feelings of reward and therefore addiction
Amino acids
Catecholamines
Agraphia
Tegmentum
28. Overeating with no satiation of hunger; leads to obesity; damage to ventromedial region of hypothalamus
Forebrain (division)
Alpha waves
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Hyperphagia
29. Covers whole neuron - selective permeability - sometimes lets ions (positive charge) through
Mesencephalon
Stereotaxic instruments
Cell membrane
Glial cells
30. Changes in a nerve cell'S charge as the result of stimulation - 2 forms: excitatory postsynaptic potential and inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Ventricles
Presynaptic cell
Frontal lobe
postsynaptic potentials
31. Of pituitary - activates thyroid
Indolamines
Stereotaxic instruments
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Acetylcholine
32. Made up of brain and spinal cord
menarche
Sham rage
Diencephalon
Central Nervous System (CNS)
33. 4-6 complete ones - each about 90 minutes - early in the night most time in stage 3 and 4 - 2 and REM sleep predominate later
Hormones (type)
Sleep cycles
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
Peripheral nervous system (subsystems)
34. Fatty - insulating sheath on some axons for faster conduction of axon impulses
Apraxia
postsynaptic potentials
Myelin sheath
Myelencephalon
35. Aka cell body. largest central portion - and make up gray matter - has a nucleus that directs neuron'S activity
Autonomic nervous system
Amino acids
Monoamines
Soma
36. Of telencephalon - controls emotional reactions such as fear and anger
Amygdala
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
androgens (example)
Rebound effect
37. Protects the brain by making it difficult for toxic substances to pass from the blood into the brain - since blood vessel cells in the brain are tightly packed
Blood-brain barrier
Nodes of Ranvier
Ventricles
Parasympathetic nervous system
38. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for somatosensory system
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Sulci
Autonomic nervous system
39. Decrease effects of a neurotransmitter (e.g. botox is an acetylecholine antagonist that decreases muscle activity)
Non-REM sleep (4 stages of sleep)
Schwann cells
Antagonists
Axon hillock
40. Made of thalamus and hypothalamus
Central Nervous System (CNS)
reuptake
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
41. Of cerebral cortex - responsible for vision
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Occipital lobe
White matter
Myelin sheath
42. Provide myelin in peripheral nervous system
Diencephalon
Schwann cells
Sympathetic nervous system
Oligodendrocytes
43. Associated with changes in hormone levels throughout the month - estradiol - progesterone - luteinizing hormone - follicle stimulating hormone
Sulci
Tectum
reuptake
Female menstrual cycle (hormones)
44. Once minimum threshold is met - intensity always the same regardless of amount of stimulation
Thalamus
Agonists
All-or-none law
Parietal lobe
45. Connections between brain and spine
Corticospinal tract
Dendrites
Delta waves
Cerebral cortex (subsystem)
46. Of hindbrain - has pons(connects brain parts to spine) and cerebellum(controls muscle coordination - balance - posture)
Hindbrain
Antagonists
Metencephalon
Basal ganglia
47. PNS fibers that run towards CNS
estrogen
Tectum
Afferent fibers
Autonomic nervous system (subsystems)
48. Fissures seen on cortex surface
Saltatory conduction
Forebrain (division)
Sleep spindles
Sulci
49. A type of cell that help support neurons; oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Glial cells
Myelencephalon
Somatic nervous system
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
50. Occurs when people deprived of REM sleep - compensate by spending more time in REM sleep later in the night
Cortical association areas
Rebound effect
Glial cells
Indolamines