SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Birds - many birds can use star patterns and movements as navigational cue
Wolfgang Kohler
Star compass
Magnetic sense
Polarized light
2. Animals invest in the survival of not only their own genes but also the genes of their kin
Navigation cues
Instinctual/innate behaviours
Hearing of owls
Inclusive fitness
3. Sperm or ovum - haploid (23 single chromosomes)
Sensitive or critical periods
Harry Harlow
Gamete
Altruism
4. how one looks and sometimes acts - partially determined by heredity or genotype - but can also be influence by environment
Harry Harlow
phenotypic expression
Hearing of owls
Atmospheric pressure
5. Instrumental learning in animals -- led to law of effect that successful behaviours are likelier to be repeated; cats in puzzle boxes: eventually accidentally press escape door lever and be free - later the cat activates lever right away
Edward Thorndike
Karl von Frisch
Fight or flight
Konrad Lorenz
6. The total of all genetic material that an offspring received (23 pairs or 46 total chromosomes) - an individual'S complete genetic make up - include both dominant and recessive genes
phenotypic expression
Alleles
Nikolaas Tinbergen
genotype
7. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species breed in different areas to prevent confusion or genetic mixing
Learning to learn from rhesus monkeys
Hearing of owls
geographic isolation
Circadian rhythms
8. The study of animal behaviors - especially innate behaviors that occur in a natural habitat
Genetic drift
Navigation cues
Ethology
Fight or flight
9. Harlow - study of attachment. mother-infant attachment - -infants attach to mothers through comforting experience rather than through feeding - infants placed with two surrogate mothers (wire with feeding bottle - and terrycloth with no bottle); infa
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Sensitive or critical periods
homeostasis
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
10. Reproductive isolating mechanism - potentially compatible species mate during different seasons
Sensitive or critical periods
Cross fostering experiments
isolation by season
Fixed action patterns (example)
11. Bred 'maze bright' and 'maze full' rats to demonstrate heritability of behaviour
R. C. Tyron
Hearing of owls
Altruism
Echolocation
12. Bees dance to indicate food is far away
Waggle dance
Courting
Star compass
R. C. Tyron
13. Evolved form of deception - ex: harmless snakes may mimic coloration and pattern of more poisonous ones to escape predation
R.M. Cooper and John Zubek
Mimicry
Estrus
Alleles
14. Pigeons and bees have magnetic sensitivity - allows them to use earth`s magnetic forces as navigational cue
Courting
Magnetic sense
Navigation of animals
Instrumental learning
15. Tinbergen - peck at end of parents' bills which have a red spot on the tip - parents then regurgitates food for chicks; chicks pecked more at a red-tipped model bill than at a plain model bill; the greater the contrast between bill and red spot even
Walter Cannon
Edward Thorndike
genotype
Herring gull chicks
16. Harlow - the isolated monkeys --> - the lack of interaction and socialization hampered social development - - once brought together with others - males did not display normal sexual functioning and females lacked maternal behaviours
genotype
geographic isolation
Social isolation from rhesus monkeys
Estrus
17. Bees when sun is obscured by clouds - bees can use this navigational cue to infer sun positioning
Displacement activities/irrelevant behaviours
Polarized light
Infrasound
geographic isolation
18. Chemicals detected by vomeronasal organ - acts as messengers between animals - primitive form of communication - can transmit states such as fear or sexual receptiveness
Pheromones
Releasing stimuli
Waggle dance
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
19. Founder of ethology - imprinting - animal aggression - releasing stimuli - fixed action patterns
Konrad Lorenz
Infrasound
Walter Cannon
Comparative psychology
20. Scouting bees look for food and nesting sites; can use landmarks as simple location cues - also sun - polarized light - and magnetic fields as aids
Cross fostering experiments
Konrad Lorenz
Navigation cues
Navigation of bees
21. Von Frisch - once a scouting bee locates a promising food source - returns to hive and conveys the location through movements; round or waggle dance - the longer the dance the farther the food - the more vigorous display the better food; performed on
Animal aggression
R. C. Tyron
R.M. Cooper and John Zubek
Communication of bees
22. Lorenz - certain species (often birds) young attach to first moving object they see - displayed by a 'following response' - subjective to sensitive learning period - after that period this would not occur
Imprinting
Sexual selection
Instinctual drift (example)
Edward Thorndike
23. Breeding within same family - evolutionary controls prevent this (e.g. swan facial markings of same family)
Inbreeding
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
Fitness
Phenotype
24. Behaviours that precede sexual acts that lead to reproduction - to attract and isolate a mate
Ethology
Courting
Comparative psychology
Charles Darwin
25. The pair up of possible dominant and recessive gene variations for each characteristic
Navigation of bees
behavioral isolation
Sun compass
Alleles
26. Prevent interbreeding between two different (but closely related / genetically compatible) species - four types: 1) behavioral isolation - 2) geographic isolation - 3) mechanical isolation - 4) isolation by season
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Dominant and recessive gene
Konrad Lorenz
Herring gull chicks
27. Made the concept of evolution scientifically plausible by asserting that natural selection was at its core
Infrasound
Charles Darwin
Natural selection
Flower selection of bees
28. Pigeons and bees can compensate for daily solar movements for navigational cue
Courting
Flower selection of bees
homeostasis
Sun compass
29. Studied sea slug Aplysia - which have few - large - easily identifiable nerve cells (chose to study this for this reason) - learning and memory evidenced by changes in synapses and neural pathways
Eric Kandel
R. C. Tyron
Flower selection of bees
Natural selection
30. Structural differences between sexes - arisen through both natural and sexual selections
Instinctual drift (example)
Herring gull chicks
Instinctual/innate behaviours
Sexual dimorphism
31. Period in which a female is sexually receptive (usually used to describe non-human mammals)
Estrus
Navigation of bees
Eric Kandel
Releasing stimuli
32. Navigate at night but do not use echolocation - like humans localize sound direction and distance by binaural cues (compare intensities - arrival times) - but better at determining elevation of sound source due to asymmetrical ears
Dominant and recessive gene
Gamete
Hearing of owls
Estrus
33. Atmospheric pressure - infrasound - magnetic sense - sun compass - star compass - polarized light
behavioral isolation
Navigation cues
Biological clocks
Instrumental learning
34. Some use map-and-compass navigation (landmarks and sun or stars) - some have true navigational abilities and can point toward their goal with no landmarks and from any position (e.g. captured birds eventually arrive at their usual goal anyway); birds
Sexual selection
Mating of bees
Genetic drift
Navigation of animals
35. Very few drones (male bees) produced - only for mating with queen - same mating areas used year after year even though no bee survives from one year to the next - unknown how they know to gather there
Circadian rhythms
Mating of bees
Phenotype
Natural selection
36. Fertilized egg cell - two separate sets of 23 chromosomes (from each parent) come together for 23 pairs - diploid
Polarized light
Stickleback fish
Zygote
mechanical isolation
37. Internal rhythms that keep animal in sync with environment; circadian - circannual - lunar - tidal rhythms
Mimicry
Comparative psychology
Biological clocks
Dominant and recessive gene
38. Pigeons can hear extremely low-frequency sounds (e.g. emitted by surf) that travel great distances as a navigational cue
Infrasound
behavioral isolation
Wolfgang Kohler
Eric Kandel
39. The internal regulation of body to main equilibrium (decrease in HR after the perceived threat is no longer present)
Walter Cannon
Fixed action patterns (example)
homeostasis
isolation by season
40. Bees can see UV light - sees certain markers on flowers (honey guides) that people do not
Flower selection of bees
R.M. Cooper and John Zubek
Dominant and recessive gene
Sexual dimorphism
41. Endogenous rhythms that revolve around a 24 hour time period
Learning to learn from rhesus monkeys
Star compass
Estrus
Circadian rhythms
42. Lorez - certain aggression necessary for survival of species - instinctual rather than learned
Inclusive fitness
Communication of bees
Phenotype
Animal aggression
43. Learning happens through trial - error and accidental success - animals then act based on previous successes
Sensitive or critical periods
Instrumental learning
Edward Thorndike
Genetic drift
44. Closely related to ethology - different species are compared in order to learn about their similarities and differences. Draw from animal studies to gain insight into human functioning
genotype
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Comparative psychology
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
45. Experiments that attempt to separate effects of heredity and environment - sibling mice separated at birth and placed with different parents or situations; later differences in aggression attributed to experience rather than genetics
Genetic drift
Walter Cannon
Cross fostering experiments
Mimicry
46. Tinbergen - males develop red coloration on belly - which is the releasing stimulus for attacks; males attacked red-bellied crude models rather than the detailed but non-red models
Zygote
Stickleback fish
Dominant and recessive gene
Communication of bees
47. Founder of modern ethology - models in naturalistic settings - stickleback fish and herring gull chicks
Instinctual drift (example)
Mating of bees
Selective breeding
Nikolaas Tinbergen
48. Contrived breeding - mates intentionally paired to increase chances of producing offspring with particular traits
Circadian rhythms
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
behavioral isolation
Selective breeding
49. Ability to reproduce and pass on genes
Navigation of bees
Fitness
phenotypic expression
mechanical isolation
50. Pigeons sensitive to pressure changes in altitude as navigational cue
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Phenotype
Mating of bees
Atmospheric pressure