Test your basic knowledge |

GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 2

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Harlow - the isolated monkeys --> - the lack of interaction and socialization hampered social development - - once brought together with others - males did not display normal sexual functioning and females lacked maternal behaviours






2. Prevent interbreeding between two different (but closely related / genetically compatible) species - four types: 1) behavioral isolation - 2) geographic isolation - 3) mechanical isolation - 4) isolation by season






3. The internal physiological changes that occur in an organism in response to a perceived threat (increase in HR or respiration)






4. Demonstrated the interaction between heredity and environment - bright rats performed better than dull only when both sets raised in normal conditions - both groups performed well in enriched environment (lots of food and activities) - both performed






5. Worked with chimpanzees and insight in problem solving - chimps could perceive the whole situation to create new solutions rather than by trial and error; chimps had to use tools or create props to retrieve rewards






6. Founder of ethology - imprinting - animal aggression - releasing stimuli - fixed action patterns






7. Endogenous rhythms that revolve around a 24 hour time period






8. Only the fit survive - at the heart of evolution- it explains the evolution or genetic development of various species over time and explains the concept of genetic drift - favors inclusive fitness over individual fitness






9. Ability to reproduce and pass on genes






10. Bees can see UV light - sees certain markers on flowers (honey guides) that people do not






11. Pigeons and bees can compensate for daily solar movements for navigational cue






12. Atmospheric pressure - infrasound - magnetic sense - sun compass - star compass - polarized light






13. Behaviours that seem out of place - illogical - and no particular survival function (e.g. scratching your head while thinking)






14. Internal rhythms that keep animal in sync with environment; circadian - circannual - lunar - tidal rhythms






15. coined 'fight or flight' - proposed idea homeostasis






16. Most sophisticated type of perception - generally replaces sight - marine mammals (dolphin) and bats - - emit high-frequency sounds and locate nearby objects from the echo; bats can fly through grids of thin nylon strings and can locate and eat small






17. Pigeons can hear extremely low-frequency sounds (e.g. emitted by surf) that travel great distances as a navigational cue






18. Dance of the honeybees - and also studied senses of fish






19. Closely related to ethology - different species are compared in order to learn about their similarities and differences. Draw from animal studies to gain insight into human functioning






20. How particular genotypes selected out or eliminated from a population over time






21. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species have incompatible genital structures






22. Period in which a female is sexually receptive (usually used to describe non-human mammals)






23. Behaviour that solely benefits another - imilar to group mentality - will help if benefit outweighs cost or expect to be repaid






24. present in all normal members of a species - - stereotypic in form throughout members even for the first time - independent of learning or experience






25. Reproductive isolating mechanism - courtship or display behavior of a particular species allows an individual to identify a mate within its own species






26. The pair up of possible dominant and recessive gene variations for each characteristic






27. Structural differences between sexes - arisen through both natural and sexual selections






28. Times when a developing animal is particularly vulnerable to the effect of learning (e.g. birds learning their species' song - if reared in isolation cannot develop normal song later. and imprinting)






29. The internal regulation of body to main equilibrium (decrease in HR after the perceived threat is no longer present)






30. Researched development with rhesus monkeys in terms of social isolation - maternal stimulation - contact comfort - and learning to learn






31. Lorez - certain aggression necessary for survival of species - instinctual rather than learned






32. dominant gene always beat out recessive gene - recessive gene is not manifested unless it is paired with another recessive gene - combination of dominant and recessive genes determines what he/she looks like






33. E.g. rodents reared in isolation perform instinctual nest-building but much less efficient and successful than those exposed to learning opportunities






34. Lorenz - triggered by releasing stimuli - automatic and innate - instinctual - complex chains of behaviour; four defining characteristics: 1) uniform patterns - 2) performed by most members - 3) more complex than simple reflexes - 4) cannot be interr






35. Experiments that attempt to separate effects of heredity and environment - sibling mice separated at birth and placed with different parents or situations; later differences in aggression attributed to experience rather than genetics






36. Fertilized egg cell - two separate sets of 23 chromosomes (from each parent) come together for 23 pairs - diploid






37. Von Frisch - once a scouting bee locates a promising food source - returns to hive and conveys the location through movements; round or waggle dance - the longer the dance the farther the food - the more vigorous display the better food; performed on






38. Harlow - monkeys became better at learning tasks as they acquired different learning experiences - eventually learned after only one trial






39. Made up of external characteristics (eye color - size - etc)






40. Made the concept of evolution scientifically plausible by asserting that natural selection was at its core






41. The study of animal behaviors - especially innate behaviors that occur in a natural habitat






42. The total of all genetic material that an offspring received (23 pairs or 46 total chromosomes) - an individual'S complete genetic make up - include both dominant and recessive genes






43. Studied sea slug Aplysia - which have few - large - easily identifiable nerve cells (chose to study this for this reason) - learning and memory evidenced by changes in synapses and neural pathways






44. Very few drones (male bees) produced - only for mating with queen - same mating areas used year after year even though no bee survives from one year to the next - unknown how they know to gather there






45. Founder of modern ethology - models in naturalistic settings - stickleback fish and herring gull chicks






46. Learning happens through trial - error and accidental success - animals then act based on previous successes






47. Sperm or ovum - haploid (23 single chromosomes)






48. Only one queen bee - which produces a chemical that suppresses ovaries in all other female bees - constantly tended to and fed - lays thousands of eggs in the spring; when eggs mature - scouts finds new site for old queen and her workers - a new quee






49. Bees dance to indicate food is far away






50. Some use map-and-compass navigation (landmarks and sun or stars) - some have true navigational abilities and can point toward their goal with no landmarks and from any position (e.g. captured birds eventually arrive at their usual goal anyway); birds