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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 2

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pigeons sensitive to pressure changes in altitude as navigational cue






2. The pair up of possible dominant and recessive gene variations for each characteristic






3. Made the concept of evolution scientifically plausible by asserting that natural selection was at its core






4. The internal regulation of body to main equilibrium (decrease in HR after the perceived threat is no longer present)






5. Harlow - monkeys became better at learning tasks as they acquired different learning experiences - eventually learned after only one trial






6. Navigate at night but do not use echolocation - like humans localize sound direction and distance by binaural cues (compare intensities - arrival times) - but better at determining elevation of sound source due to asymmetrical ears






7. Pigeons and bees have magnetic sensitivity - allows them to use earth`s magnetic forces as navigational cue






8. Prevent interbreeding between two different (but closely related / genetically compatible) species - four types: 1) behavioral isolation - 2) geographic isolation - 3) mechanical isolation - 4) isolation by season






9. present in all normal members of a species - - stereotypic in form throughout members even for the first time - independent of learning or experience






10. Basic unit of heredity - made of DNA molecules - organized in chromosomes - Human nucleus cells contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chromosomes in cells act as carriers for genes - and therefore for heredity






11. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species breed in different areas to prevent confusion or genetic mixing






12. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species have incompatible genital structures






13. Scouting bees look for food and nesting sites; can use landmarks as simple location cues - also sun - polarized light - and magnetic fields as aids






14. Most sophisticated type of perception - generally replaces sight - marine mammals (dolphin) and bats - - emit high-frequency sounds and locate nearby objects from the echo; bats can fly through grids of thin nylon strings and can locate and eat small






15. Tinbergen - artificial stimuli that exaggerate naturally occurring sign stimulus or releaser - more effective than natural






16. Bees can see UV light - sees certain markers on flowers (honey guides) that people do not






17. Ability to reproduce and pass on genes






18. Demonstrated the interaction between heredity and environment - bright rats performed better than dull only when both sets raised in normal conditions - both groups performed well in enriched environment (lots of food and activities) - both performed






19. Reproductive isolating mechanism - potentially compatible species mate during different seasons






20. dominant gene always beat out recessive gene - recessive gene is not manifested unless it is paired with another recessive gene - combination of dominant and recessive genes determines what he/she looks like






21. Fertilized egg cell - two separate sets of 23 chromosomes (from each parent) come together for 23 pairs - diploid






22. Lorez - certain aggression necessary for survival of species - instinctual rather than learned






23. Sperm or ovum - haploid (23 single chromosomes)






24. Internal rhythms that keep animal in sync with environment; circadian - circannual - lunar - tidal rhythms






25. Pigeons and bees can compensate for daily solar movements for navigational cue






26. Made up of external characteristics (eye color - size - etc)






27. Endogenous rhythms that revolve around a 24 hour time period






28. Learning happens through trial - error and accidental success - animals then act based on previous successes






29. The internal physiological changes that occur in an organism in response to a perceived threat (increase in HR or respiration)






30. Bees dance to indicate food is far away






31. Tinbergen - peck at end of parents' bills which have a red spot on the tip - parents then regurgitates food for chicks; chicks pecked more at a red-tipped model bill than at a plain model bill; the greater the contrast between bill and red spot even






32. Only one queen bee - which produces a chemical that suppresses ovaries in all other female bees - constantly tended to and fed - lays thousands of eggs in the spring; when eggs mature - scouts finds new site for old queen and her workers - a new quee






33. The total of all genetic material that an offspring received (23 pairs or 46 total chromosomes) - an individual'S complete genetic make up - include both dominant and recessive genes






34. Reproductive isolating mechanism - courtship or display behavior of a particular species allows an individual to identify a mate within its own species






35. Bred 'maze bright' and 'maze full' rats to demonstrate heritability of behaviour






36. Atmospheric pressure - infrasound - magnetic sense - sun compass - star compass - polarized light






37. Birds - many birds can use star patterns and movements as navigational cue






38. The study of animal behaviors - especially innate behaviors that occur in a natural habitat






39. Animals invest in the survival of not only their own genes but also the genes of their kin






40. Bees when sun is obscured by clouds - bees can use this navigational cue to infer sun positioning






41. Contrived breeding - mates intentionally paired to increase chances of producing offspring with particular traits






42. Von Frisch - once a scouting bee locates a promising food source - returns to hive and conveys the location through movements; round or waggle dance - the longer the dance the farther the food - the more vigorous display the better food; performed on






43. Harlow - study of attachment. mother-infant attachment - -infants attach to mothers through comforting experience rather than through feeding - infants placed with two surrogate mothers (wire with feeding bottle - and terrycloth with no bottle); infa






44. coined 'fight or flight' - proposed idea homeostasis






45. Founder of ethology - imprinting - animal aggression - releasing stimuli - fixed action patterns






46. how one looks and sometimes acts - partially determined by heredity or genotype - but can also be influence by environment






47. Harlow - the isolated monkeys --> - the lack of interaction and socialization hampered social development - - once brought together with others - males did not display normal sexual functioning and females lacked maternal behaviours






48. Instrumental learning in animals -- led to law of effect that successful behaviours are likelier to be repeated; cats in puzzle boxes: eventually accidentally press escape door lever and be free - later the cat activates lever right away






49. Chemicals detected by vomeronasal organ - acts as messengers between animals - primitive form of communication - can transmit states such as fear or sexual receptiveness






50. Bees dance to indicate food is extremely nearby