SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Behaviours that precede sexual acts that lead to reproduction - to attract and isolate a mate
Echolocation
Gamete
Alleles
Courting
2. The internal regulation of body to main equilibrium (decrease in HR after the perceived threat is no longer present)
Alleles
homeostasis
Echolocation
Navigation cues
3. Contrived breeding - mates intentionally paired to increase chances of producing offspring with particular traits
Edward Thorndike
Selective breeding
Charles Darwin
Infrasound
4. Bees can see UV light - sees certain markers on flowers (honey guides) that people do not
Flower selection of bees
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Star compass
Releasing stimuli
5. Studied sea slug Aplysia - which have few - large - easily identifiable nerve cells (chose to study this for this reason) - learning and memory evidenced by changes in synapses and neural pathways
Atmospheric pressure
Round dance
Wolfgang Kohler
Eric Kandel
6. Very few drones (male bees) produced - only for mating with queen - same mating areas used year after year even though no bee survives from one year to the next - unknown how they know to gather there
Gamete
homeostasis
Infrasound
Mating of bees
7. Only the fit survive - at the heart of evolution- it explains the evolution or genetic development of various species over time and explains the concept of genetic drift - favors inclusive fitness over individual fitness
Genes
Mating of bees
behavioral isolation
Natural selection
8. Tinbergen - males develop red coloration on belly - which is the releasing stimulus for attacks; males attacked red-bellied crude models rather than the detailed but non-red models
Zygote
Harry Harlow
Infrasound
Stickleback fish
9. present in all normal members of a species - - stereotypic in form throughout members even for the first time - independent of learning or experience
Instinctual/innate behaviours
Natural selection
Selective breeding
Sun compass
10. Lorenz - certain species (often birds) young attach to first moving object they see - displayed by a 'following response' - subjective to sensitive learning period - after that period this would not occur
Courting
Hierarchy of bees
Imprinting
Cross fostering experiments
11. Only one queen bee - which produces a chemical that suppresses ovaries in all other female bees - constantly tended to and fed - lays thousands of eggs in the spring; when eggs mature - scouts finds new site for old queen and her workers - a new quee
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Instrumental learning
Hierarchy of bees
Magnetic sense
12. Bees dance to indicate food is extremely nearby
Star compass
Round dance
Pheromones
Imprinting
13. Harlow - study of attachment. mother-infant attachment - -infants attach to mothers through comforting experience rather than through feeding - infants placed with two surrogate mothers (wire with feeding bottle - and terrycloth with no bottle); infa
Edward Thorndike
Hearing of owls
Circadian rhythms
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
14. Reproductive isolating mechanism - potentially compatible species mate during different seasons
isolation by season
homeostasis
Nikolaas Tinbergen
geographic isolation
15. Experiments that attempt to separate effects of heredity and environment - sibling mice separated at birth and placed with different parents or situations; later differences in aggression attributed to experience rather than genetics
Flower selection of bees
Cross fostering experiments
Atmospheric pressure
Altruism
16. Tinbergen - artificial stimuli that exaggerate naturally occurring sign stimulus or releaser - more effective than natural
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
Imprinting
Pheromones
Supernormal sign stimulus
17. Lorenz - triggered by releasing stimuli - automatic and innate - instinctual - complex chains of behaviour; four defining characteristics: 1) uniform patterns - 2) performed by most members - 3) more complex than simple reflexes - 4) cannot be interr
Polarized light
Waggle dance
Wolfgang Kohler
Fixed action patterns (example)
18. Structural differences between sexes - arisen through both natural and sexual selections
Atmospheric pressure
Sexual dimorphism
Instinctual drift (example)
Hearing of owls
19. Period in which a female is sexually receptive (usually used to describe non-human mammals)
Instinctual drift (example)
Hearing of owls
Edward Thorndike
Estrus
20. Behaviour that solely benefits another - imilar to group mentality - will help if benefit outweighs cost or expect to be repaid
Dominant and recessive gene
Altruism
Courting
Estrus
21. Behaviours that seem out of place - illogical - and no particular survival function (e.g. scratching your head while thinking)
Alleles
Dominant and recessive gene
Karl von Frisch
Displacement activities/irrelevant behaviours
22. Tinbergen - peck at end of parents' bills which have a red spot on the tip - parents then regurgitates food for chicks; chicks pecked more at a red-tipped model bill than at a plain model bill; the greater the contrast between bill and red spot even
Animal aggression
Herring gull chicks
Courting
R. C. Tyron
23. Chemicals detected by vomeronasal organ - acts as messengers between animals - primitive form of communication - can transmit states such as fear or sexual receptiveness
Pheromones
Flower selection of bees
R. C. Tyron
Waggle dance
24. Made up of external characteristics (eye color - size - etc)
Interaction between instinct and learning
Karl von Frisch
Phenotype
Navigation of animals
25. Fertilized egg cell - two separate sets of 23 chromosomes (from each parent) come together for 23 pairs - diploid
behavioral isolation
Zygote
Circadian rhythms
genotype
26. The study of animal behaviors - especially innate behaviors that occur in a natural habitat
Imprinting
Walter Cannon
Ethology
Charles Darwin
27. Navigate at night but do not use echolocation - like humans localize sound direction and distance by binaural cues (compare intensities - arrival times) - but better at determining elevation of sound source due to asymmetrical ears
Inbreeding
Natural selection
Star compass
Hearing of owls
28. The total of all genetic material that an offspring received (23 pairs or 46 total chromosomes) - an individual'S complete genetic make up - include both dominant and recessive genes
Walter Cannon
Sensitive or critical periods
genotype
Echolocation
29. Pigeons and bees have magnetic sensitivity - allows them to use earth`s magnetic forces as navigational cue
Instrumental learning
Navigation cues
geographic isolation
Magnetic sense
30. The internal physiological changes that occur in an organism in response to a perceived threat (increase in HR or respiration)
Karl von Frisch
Fight or flight
Edward Thorndike
Konrad Lorenz
31. Pigeons sensitive to pressure changes in altitude as navigational cue
Atmospheric pressure
Sexual selection
Selective breeding
Hierarchy of bees
32. Sperm or ovum - haploid (23 single chromosomes)
Fight or flight
Gamete
Echolocation
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
33. Atmospheric pressure - infrasound - magnetic sense - sun compass - star compass - polarized light
Navigation cues
Hierarchy of bees
Mimicry
Fitness
34. Bees when sun is obscured by clouds - bees can use this navigational cue to infer sun positioning
Nikolaas Tinbergen
Polarized light
Konrad Lorenz
Sexual dimorphism
35. Breeding within same family - evolutionary controls prevent this (e.g. swan facial markings of same family)
Inbreeding
Waggle dance
Mating of bees
Interaction between instinct and learning
36. Researched development with rhesus monkeys in terms of social isolation - maternal stimulation - contact comfort - and learning to learn
behavioral isolation
Echolocation
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Harry Harlow
37. Bred 'maze bright' and 'maze full' rats to demonstrate heritability of behaviour
phenotypic expression
isolation by season
R. C. Tyron
Estrus
38. Scouting bees look for food and nesting sites; can use landmarks as simple location cues - also sun - polarized light - and magnetic fields as aids
homeostasis
Learning to learn from rhesus monkeys
Navigation of bees
Genes
39. Internal rhythms that keep animal in sync with environment; circadian - circannual - lunar - tidal rhythms
Echolocation
Walter Cannon
Biological clocks
Alleles
40. Founder of ethology - imprinting - animal aggression - releasing stimuli - fixed action patterns
Sexual selection
Konrad Lorenz
Fitness
Fight or flight
41. Learning happens through trial - error and accidental success - animals then act based on previous successes
Sexual dimorphism
Interaction between instinct and learning
Inclusive fitness
Instrumental learning
42. Harlow - monkeys became better at learning tasks as they acquired different learning experiences - eventually learned after only one trial
Courting
Learning to learn from rhesus monkeys
Waggle dance
Fight or flight
43. How particular genotypes selected out or eliminated from a population over time
Flower selection of bees
Displacement activities/irrelevant behaviours
Genetic drift
Pheromones
44. how one looks and sometimes acts - partially determined by heredity or genotype - but can also be influence by environment
Fixed action patterns (example)
phenotypic expression
Round dance
Nikolaas Tinbergen
45. The pair up of possible dominant and recessive gene variations for each characteristic
R. C. Tyron
Alleles
Nikolaas Tinbergen
Biological clocks
46. Von Frisch - once a scouting bee locates a promising food source - returns to hive and conveys the location through movements; round or waggle dance - the longer the dance the farther the food - the more vigorous display the better food; performed on
Communication of bees
Karl von Frisch
Pheromones
Navigation of bees
47. Evolved form of deception - ex: harmless snakes may mimic coloration and pattern of more poisonous ones to escape predation
Mimicry
Sexual dimorphism
Natural selection
homeostasis
48. Demonstrated the interaction between heredity and environment - bright rats performed better than dull only when both sets raised in normal conditions - both groups performed well in enriched environment (lots of food and activities) - both performed
Hierarchy of bees
Sensitive or critical periods
Flower selection of bees
R.M. Cooper and John Zubek
49. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species have incompatible genital structures
Walter Cannon
mechanical isolation
Instrumental learning
Atmospheric pressure
50. Dance of the honeybees - and also studied senses of fish
isolation by season
Pheromones
Karl von Frisch
Polarized light