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GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 2

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Founder of ethology - imprinting - animal aggression - releasing stimuli - fixed action patterns






2. Bred 'maze bright' and 'maze full' rats to demonstrate heritability of behaviour






3. Chemicals detected by vomeronasal organ - acts as messengers between animals - primitive form of communication - can transmit states such as fear or sexual receptiveness






4. Pigeons and bees can compensate for daily solar movements for navigational cue






5. Bees when sun is obscured by clouds - bees can use this navigational cue to infer sun positioning






6. Bees can see UV light - sees certain markers on flowers (honey guides) that people do not






7. How particular genotypes selected out or eliminated from a population over time






8. Experiments that attempt to separate effects of heredity and environment - sibling mice separated at birth and placed with different parents or situations; later differences in aggression attributed to experience rather than genetics






9. Times when a developing animal is particularly vulnerable to the effect of learning (e.g. birds learning their species' song - if reared in isolation cannot develop normal song later. and imprinting)






10. Behaviour that solely benefits another - imilar to group mentality - will help if benefit outweighs cost or expect to be repaid






11. Harlow - the isolated monkeys --> - the lack of interaction and socialization hampered social development - - once brought together with others - males did not display normal sexual functioning and females lacked maternal behaviours






12. Contrived breeding - mates intentionally paired to increase chances of producing offspring with particular traits






13. Pigeons and bees have magnetic sensitivity - allows them to use earth`s magnetic forces as navigational cue






14. Founder of modern ethology - models in naturalistic settings - stickleback fish and herring gull chicks






15. Reproductive isolating mechanism - potentially compatible species mate during different seasons






16. Bees dance to indicate food is far away






17. present in all normal members of a species - - stereotypic in form throughout members even for the first time - independent of learning or experience






18. Reproductive isolating mechanism - courtship or display behavior of a particular species allows an individual to identify a mate within its own species






19. coined 'fight or flight' - proposed idea homeostasis






20. Lorez - certain aggression necessary for survival of species - instinctual rather than learned






21. dominant gene always beat out recessive gene - recessive gene is not manifested unless it is paired with another recessive gene - combination of dominant and recessive genes determines what he/she looks like






22. Lorenz - certain species (often birds) young attach to first moving object they see - displayed by a 'following response' - subjective to sensitive learning period - after that period this would not occur






23. Pigeons can hear extremely low-frequency sounds (e.g. emitted by surf) that travel great distances as a navigational cue






24. Prevent interbreeding between two different (but closely related / genetically compatible) species - four types: 1) behavioral isolation - 2) geographic isolation - 3) mechanical isolation - 4) isolation by season






25. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species have incompatible genital structures






26. Researched development with rhesus monkeys in terms of social isolation - maternal stimulation - contact comfort - and learning to learn






27. Animals invest in the survival of not only their own genes but also the genes of their kin






28. Pigeons sensitive to pressure changes in altitude as navigational cue






29. Evolved form of deception - ex: harmless snakes may mimic coloration and pattern of more poisonous ones to escape predation






30. Instrumental learning in animals -- led to law of effect that successful behaviours are likelier to be repeated; cats in puzzle boxes: eventually accidentally press escape door lever and be free - later the cat activates lever right away






31. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species breed in different areas to prevent confusion or genetic mixing






32. Breeding within same family - evolutionary controls prevent this (e.g. swan facial markings of same family)






33. Endogenous rhythms that revolve around a 24 hour time period






34. Bees dance to indicate food is extremely nearby






35. Harlow - monkeys became better at learning tasks as they acquired different learning experiences - eventually learned after only one trial






36. The internal physiological changes that occur in an organism in response to a perceived threat (increase in HR or respiration)






37. The pair up of possible dominant and recessive gene variations for each characteristic






38. Aka releasers or sign stimuli - Lorenz - continued by Tinbergen - elicits fixed action patterns from another individual in the same species






39. Ability to reproduce and pass on genes






40. Atmospheric pressure - infrasound - magnetic sense - sun compass - star compass - polarized light






41. Period in which a female is sexually receptive (usually used to describe non-human mammals)






42. Fertilized egg cell - two separate sets of 23 chromosomes (from each parent) come together for 23 pairs - diploid






43. Made the concept of evolution scientifically plausible by asserting that natural selection was at its core






44. The total of all genetic material that an offspring received (23 pairs or 46 total chromosomes) - an individual'S complete genetic make up - include both dominant and recessive genes






45. Dance of the honeybees - and also studied senses of fish






46. Form of natural selection - not the fittest that win but those with greatest chance of being chosen as a mate (best fighters - most attractive - etc)






47. Made up of external characteristics (eye color - size - etc)






48. The internal regulation of body to main equilibrium (decrease in HR after the perceived threat is no longer present)






49. When animal replaces a trained or forced response with a natural or instinctive response Ex: a dog with the nature to bark at visitors thinking they are intruders might have been taught to sit quietly when a guest enters through reward and punishment






50. The study of animal behaviors - especially innate behaviors that occur in a natural habitat