SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Physiological/behavioral Neuroscience 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Made the concept of evolution scientifically plausible by asserting that natural selection was at its core
Konrad Lorenz
Charles Darwin
geographic isolation
Alleles
2. Animals invest in the survival of not only their own genes but also the genes of their kin
Inclusive fitness
Releasing stimuli
Konrad Lorenz
Genetic drift
3. Contrived breeding - mates intentionally paired to increase chances of producing offspring with particular traits
Selective breeding
Flower selection of bees
Waggle dance
Phenotype
4. Von Frisch - once a scouting bee locates a promising food source - returns to hive and conveys the location through movements; round or waggle dance - the longer the dance the farther the food - the more vigorous display the better food; performed on
Communication of bees
Wolfgang Kohler
Genes
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
5. Behaviour that solely benefits another - imilar to group mentality - will help if benefit outweighs cost or expect to be repaid
Sexual dimorphism
Round dance
Herring gull chicks
Altruism
6. Founder of ethology - imprinting - animal aggression - releasing stimuli - fixed action patterns
Stickleback fish
Waggle dance
Natural selection
Konrad Lorenz
7. Bees when sun is obscured by clouds - bees can use this navigational cue to infer sun positioning
Interaction between instinct and learning
Instinctual/innate behaviours
phenotypic expression
Polarized light
8. Pigeons can hear extremely low-frequency sounds (e.g. emitted by surf) that travel great distances as a navigational cue
Circadian rhythms
Wolfgang Kohler
Walter Cannon
Infrasound
9. Harlow - study of attachment. mother-infant attachment - -infants attach to mothers through comforting experience rather than through feeding - infants placed with two surrogate mothers (wire with feeding bottle - and terrycloth with no bottle); infa
Circadian rhythms
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
Sensitive or critical periods
Round dance
10. The internal regulation of body to main equilibrium (decrease in HR after the perceived threat is no longer present)
Pheromones
Dominant and recessive gene
homeostasis
Genes
11. dominant gene always beat out recessive gene - recessive gene is not manifested unless it is paired with another recessive gene - combination of dominant and recessive genes determines what he/she looks like
Dominant and recessive gene
Magnetic sense
Sexual selection
Fixed action patterns (example)
12. Form of natural selection - not the fittest that win but those with greatest chance of being chosen as a mate (best fighters - most attractive - etc)
Stickleback fish
isolation by season
Displacement activities/irrelevant behaviours
Sexual selection
13. coined 'fight or flight' - proposed idea homeostasis
Walter Cannon
Social isolation from rhesus monkeys
Navigation of animals
Atmospheric pressure
14. Tinbergen - artificial stimuli that exaggerate naturally occurring sign stimulus or releaser - more effective than natural
Genes
Mating of bees
Stickleback fish
Supernormal sign stimulus
15. Very few drones (male bees) produced - only for mating with queen - same mating areas used year after year even though no bee survives from one year to the next - unknown how they know to gather there
Pheromones
Alleles
Walter Cannon
Mating of bees
16. Worked with chimpanzees and insight in problem solving - chimps could perceive the whole situation to create new solutions rather than by trial and error; chimps had to use tools or create props to retrieve rewards
Inclusive fitness
Zygote
Phenotype
Wolfgang Kohler
17. Fertilized egg cell - two separate sets of 23 chromosomes (from each parent) come together for 23 pairs - diploid
isolation by season
Karl von Frisch
Genes
Zygote
18. Some use map-and-compass navigation (landmarks and sun or stars) - some have true navigational abilities and can point toward their goal with no landmarks and from any position (e.g. captured birds eventually arrive at their usual goal anyway); birds
isolation by season
Sensitive or critical periods
Navigation of animals
Infrasound
19. Made up of external characteristics (eye color - size - etc)
Dominant and recessive gene
Phenotype
Navigation of animals
R.M. Cooper and John Zubek
20. Lorez - certain aggression necessary for survival of species - instinctual rather than learned
Inclusive fitness
Eric Kandel
Atmospheric pressure
Animal aggression
21. Lorenz - certain species (often birds) young attach to first moving object they see - displayed by a 'following response' - subjective to sensitive learning period - after that period this would not occur
Gamete
Imprinting
Altruism
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
22. Bees dance to indicate food is far away
Waggle dance
geographic isolation
Circadian rhythms
Navigation of animals
23. The study of animal behaviors - especially innate behaviors that occur in a natural habitat
Social isolation from rhesus monkeys
Ethology
Genes
Zygote
24. The internal physiological changes that occur in an organism in response to a perceived threat (increase in HR or respiration)
Round dance
Courting
Atmospheric pressure
Fight or flight
25. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species breed in different areas to prevent confusion or genetic mixing
Displacement activities/irrelevant behaviours
Learning to learn from rhesus monkeys
Supernormal sign stimulus
geographic isolation
26. The total of all genetic material that an offspring received (23 pairs or 46 total chromosomes) - an individual'S complete genetic make up - include both dominant and recessive genes
behavioral isolation
Genes
genotype
Edward Thorndike
27. How particular genotypes selected out or eliminated from a population over time
Alleles
Star compass
Interaction between instinct and learning
Genetic drift
28. Demonstrated the interaction between heredity and environment - bright rats performed better than dull only when both sets raised in normal conditions - both groups performed well in enriched environment (lots of food and activities) - both performed
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Sexual dimorphism
Estrus
R.M. Cooper and John Zubek
29. Bred 'maze bright' and 'maze full' rats to demonstrate heritability of behaviour
Sexual selection
R. C. Tyron
Fitness
Natural selection
30. Reproductive isolating mechanism - potentially compatible species mate during different seasons
isolation by season
Estrus
Mimicry
Sexual selection
31. Reproductive isolating mechanism - courtship or display behavior of a particular species allows an individual to identify a mate within its own species
Round dance
behavioral isolation
Contact comfort from rhesus monkeys
Atmospheric pressure
32. Dance of the honeybees - and also studied senses of fish
Inbreeding
Magnetic sense
Interaction between instinct and learning
Karl von Frisch
33. Period in which a female is sexually receptive (usually used to describe non-human mammals)
Estrus
Polarized light
Sensitive or critical periods
Herring gull chicks
34. Founder of modern ethology - models in naturalistic settings - stickleback fish and herring gull chicks
Nikolaas Tinbergen
Harry Harlow
Charles Darwin
Ethology
35. Aka releasers or sign stimuli - Lorenz - continued by Tinbergen - elicits fixed action patterns from another individual in the same species
Releasing stimuli
Learning to learn from rhesus monkeys
Sun compass
Sexual dimorphism
36. Reproductive isolating mechanism - different species have incompatible genital structures
Displacement activities/irrelevant behaviours
Learning to learn from rhesus monkeys
mechanical isolation
Edward Thorndike
37. Chemicals detected by vomeronasal organ - acts as messengers between animals - primitive form of communication - can transmit states such as fear or sexual receptiveness
Sexual selection
R.M. Cooper and John Zubek
Imprinting
Pheromones
38. The pair up of possible dominant and recessive gene variations for each characteristic
homeostasis
Estrus
Alleles
Waggle dance
39. Experiments that attempt to separate effects of heredity and environment - sibling mice separated at birth and placed with different parents or situations; later differences in aggression attributed to experience rather than genetics
Polarized light
Ethology
Magnetic sense
Cross fostering experiments
40. Harlow - monkeys became better at learning tasks as they acquired different learning experiences - eventually learned after only one trial
Displacement activities/irrelevant behaviours
Harry Harlow
Waggle dance
Learning to learn from rhesus monkeys
41. Atmospheric pressure - infrasound - magnetic sense - sun compass - star compass - polarized light
Infrasound
Navigation cues
Zygote
Altruism
42. Learning happens through trial - error and accidental success - animals then act based on previous successes
Charles Darwin
Waggle dance
Instrumental learning
homeostasis
43. present in all normal members of a species - - stereotypic in form throughout members even for the first time - independent of learning or experience
Instinctual/innate behaviours
Polarized light
geographic isolation
Fixed action patterns (example)
44. Times when a developing animal is particularly vulnerable to the effect of learning (e.g. birds learning their species' song - if reared in isolation cannot develop normal song later. and imprinting)
Releasing stimuli
mechanical isolation
Harry Harlow
Sensitive or critical periods
45. Structural differences between sexes - arisen through both natural and sexual selections
R. C. Tyron
Eric Kandel
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Sexual dimorphism
46. Bees can see UV light - sees certain markers on flowers (honey guides) that people do not
Flower selection of bees
Polarized light
Navigation of bees
Charles Darwin
47. Lorenz - triggered by releasing stimuli - automatic and innate - instinctual - complex chains of behaviour; four defining characteristics: 1) uniform patterns - 2) performed by most members - 3) more complex than simple reflexes - 4) cannot be interr
Mimicry
Fixed action patterns (example)
Communication of bees
homeostasis
48. Behaviours that precede sexual acts that lead to reproduction - to attract and isolate a mate
Charles Darwin
isolation by season
Courting
Fight or flight
49. Prevent interbreeding between two different (but closely related / genetically compatible) species - four types: 1) behavioral isolation - 2) geographic isolation - 3) mechanical isolation - 4) isolation by season
Reproductive isolating mechanisms (+types)
Mimicry
Releasing stimuli
homeostasis
50. Basic unit of heredity - made of DNA molecules - organized in chromosomes - Human nucleus cells contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chromosomes in cells act as carriers for genes - and therefore for heredity
Walter Cannon
Navigation of animals
mechanical isolation
Genes