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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The total influences upon individual behavior






2. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






3. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






4. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






5. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






6. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






7. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






8. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






9. Inoculation theory






10. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






11. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






12. Assuming most other people think as you do






13. Groupthink






14. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






15. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






16. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






17. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






18. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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19. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






20. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






21. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






22. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






23. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






24. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






25. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






26. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






27. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






28. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






29. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






30. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






31. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






32. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






33. Cognitive dissonance theory






34. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






35. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






36. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






37. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






38. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






39. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






40. Groups take greater risks than individuals






41. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






42. Group polarization






43. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






44. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






45. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






46. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






47. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






48. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






49. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






50. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others