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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






2. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






3. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






4. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






5. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






6. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






7. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






8. Cognitive dissonance theory






9. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






10. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






11. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






12. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






13. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






14. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






15. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






16. Group polarization






17. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






18. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






19. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






20. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






21. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






22. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






23. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






24. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game


25. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






26. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






27. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






28. Groupthink






29. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






30. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






31. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






32. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






33. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






34. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






35. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






36. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






37. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






38. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






39. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






40. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






41. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument


42. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






43. The total influences upon individual behavior






44. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






45. Self-perception theory






46. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






47. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






48. Groups take greater risks than individuals






49. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






50. Illusion of control