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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






2. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






3. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






4. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






5. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






6. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






7. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






8. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






9. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






10. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






11. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






12. Self-perception theory






13. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






14. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






15. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






16. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






17. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






18. Cognitive dissonance theory






19. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






20. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






21. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






22. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






23. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






24. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






25. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






26. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






27. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






28. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






29. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






30. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






31. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






32. Hawthorne effect






33. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






34. Inoculation theory






35. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






36. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






37. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






38. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






39. Elaboration likelihood model






40. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






41. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






42. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






43. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






44. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






45. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






46. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






47. The total influences upon individual behavior






48. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






49. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






50. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it







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