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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






2. Hawthorne effect






3. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






4. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






5. Groups take greater risks than individuals






6. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






7. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






8. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






9. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






10. Groupthink






11. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






12. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






13. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






14. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






15. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






16. Person who speaks out against majority






17. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






18. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






19. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






20. The total influences upon individual behavior






21. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






22. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






23. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






24. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






25. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






26. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






27. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






28. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






29. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






30. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






31. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






32. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






33. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






34. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






35. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument


36. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






37. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






38. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






39. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






40. Self-perception theory






41. Group polarization






42. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






43. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






44. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






45. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






46. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






47. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






48. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






49. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






50. Just world bias