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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






2. The total influences upon individual behavior






3. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






4. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






5. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






6. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






7. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






8. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






9. Person who speaks out against majority






10. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






11. Cognitive dissonance theory






12. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






13. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






14. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






15. Elaboration likelihood model






16. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






17. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






18. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






19. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






20. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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21. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






22. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






23. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






24. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






25. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






26. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






27. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






28. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






29. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






30. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






31. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






32. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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33. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






34. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






35. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






36. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






37. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






38. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






39. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






40. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






41. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






42. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






43. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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44. Theory of reasoned action






45. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






46. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






47. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






48. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






49. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






50. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms