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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Groups take greater risks than individuals






2. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






3. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






4. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






5. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






6. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






7. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






8. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






9. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






10. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






11. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






12. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






13. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






14. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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15. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






16. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






17. Groupthink






18. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






19. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






20. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






21. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






22. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






23. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






24. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






25. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






26. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






27. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






28. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






29. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






30. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






31. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






32. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






33. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






34. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






35. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






36. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






37. Doll preference studies






38. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






39. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






40. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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41. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






42. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






43. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






44. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






45. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






46. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






47. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






48. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






49. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






50. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it