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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Just world bias






2. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






3. Cognitive dissonance theory






4. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






5. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






6. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






7. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






8. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






9. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






10. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






11. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






12. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






13. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






14. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






15. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






16. Attribution theory - balance theory






17. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






18. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






19. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






20. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






21. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






22. Illusion of control






23. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






24. Groupthink






25. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






26. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






27. Hawthorne effect






28. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






29. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






30. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






31. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






32. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






33. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






34. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






35. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






36. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






37. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






38. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






39. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






40. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






41. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






42. Group polarization






43. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






44. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






45. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






46. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






47. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






48. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






49. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






50. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice







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