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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






2. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






3. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






4. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






5. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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6. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






7. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






8. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






9. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






10. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






11. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






12. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






13. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






14. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






15. Groupthink






16. Cognitive dissonance theory






17. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






18. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






19. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






20. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






21. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






22. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






23. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






24. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






25. Illusion of control






26. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






27. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






28. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






29. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






30. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






31. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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32. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






33. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






34. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






35. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






36. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






37. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






38. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






39. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






40. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






41. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






42. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






43. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






44. Person who speaks out against majority






45. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






46. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






47. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






48. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






49. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






50. Inoculation theory