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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






2. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






3. Inoculation theory






4. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






5. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






6. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






7. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






8. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






9. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






10. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






11. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






12. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






13. Theory of reasoned action






14. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






15. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






16. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






17. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






18. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






19. Doll preference studies






20. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






21. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






22. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






23. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






24. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






25. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






26. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






27. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






28. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






29. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






30. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






31. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






32. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






33. Groups take greater risks than individuals






34. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






35. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






36. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






37. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






38. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






39. Hawthorne effect






40. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






41. Attribution theory - balance theory






42. The total influences upon individual behavior






43. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






44. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






45. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






46. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






47. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






48. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






49. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






50. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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