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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






2. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






3. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






4. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






5. The total influences upon individual behavior






6. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






7. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






8. Person who speaks out against majority






9. Inoculation theory






10. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






11. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






12. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






13. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






14. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






15. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






16. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






17. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






18. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






19. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






20. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






21. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






22. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






23. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






24. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






25. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






26. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






27. Self-perception theory






28. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






29. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






30. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






31. Group polarization






32. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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33. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






34. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






35. Cognitive dissonance theory






36. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






37. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






38. Just world bias






39. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






40. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






41. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






42. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






43. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






44. Elaboration likelihood model






45. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






46. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






47. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






48. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






49. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






50. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not