SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Norman Triplett
Gain-loss theory
Dissenter
Reciprocal interaction
2. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding
Attribution theory
Paul Ekman
Self-presentation
Pluralistic ignorance
3. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Fritz Heider
Walter Dill Scott
Dissenter
James Stoner
4. Self-perception theory
Mere-exposure effect
Daryl Bem
Representativeness heuristic
Sunk cost
5. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Stuart Valins
Availability heuristic
Harold Kelley
Illusion of control
6. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Attitude
Self-serving attributional bias
Social loafing
Vector (life space)
7. Hawthorne effect
Hawthorne effect
Henry Landsberger
Barrier (life space)
deindividuation
8. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness
Richard Nisbett
Cognitive dissonance theory
Reciprocity of disclosure
Conformity (types)
9. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Paul Ekman
Door-in-the-face
Social facilitation
Availability heuristic
10. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Acceptance
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Self-perception theory
Sleeper effect
11. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Compliance
M. Rokeach
Leon Festinger
Attitude
12. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
13. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
14. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Sunk cost
Muzafer Sherif
Balance theory
Kurt Lewin
15. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Richard Nisbett
Equity theory
Conformity (types)
Philip Zimbardo
16. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -
Mere-exposure effect
Hazel Markus
Walter Dill Scott
Dissenter
17. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Dissenter
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Trucking company game
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
18. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
M.J.Lerner
Philip Zimbardo
Hawthorne effect
Equity theory
19. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Availability heuristic
Attribution theory
Richard Lazarus
Halo effect
20. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Illusory correlation
Richard Lazarus
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
deindividuation
21. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Slippery slope
Objective self-awareness
Gain-loss theory
Muzafer Sherif
22. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Social comparison
Kurt Lewin
Representativeness heuristic
Muzafer Sherif
23. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Compassionate love
Acceptance
Social exchange theory
Dissenter
24. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Groupthink
Field theory
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Robert Zajonc
25. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Peter principle
Leonard Berkowitz
Representativeness heuristic
26. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Cognitive dissonance theory
Reciprocal socialization
27. Doll preference studies
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Elaine Hatfield
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Harold Kelley
28. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Attribution theory
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Sleeper effect
Oversimplification
29. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Stuart Valins
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Mere-exposure effect
Reciprocal socialization
30. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Reciprocal socialization
Social Psychology
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Impression management
31. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Halo effect
Valence (life space)
Role
Self-monitoring
32. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
diffusion of responsibility
McGuire
Vector (life space)
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
33. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Attitude
Slippery slope
Equity theory
diffusion of responsibility
34. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Overjustification effect
Social Psychology
Stuart Valins
35. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential
Acceptance
Compliance
Hindsight bias
Solomon Asch
36. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Illusory correlation
Impression management
Stimulus-overload theory
Group polarization
37. Cognitive dissonance theory
Solomon Asch
Leon Festinger
Stanley Milgram
Stimulus-overload theory
38. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Robbers' cave experiment
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
James Stoner
Mere-exposure effect
39. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Lee Ross
Attribution theory
Reciprocal interaction
deindividuation
40. Attribution theory - balance theory
Slippery slope
Compliance
Fritz Heider
Dissenter
41. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
competition
Availability heuristic
doll preference studies
Valence (life space)
42. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Hazel Markus
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Contact (Groups)
Actor-observer attributional divergence
43. Groups take greater risks than individuals
M.J.Lerner
Reactance
Risky shift
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
44. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Hazel Markus
Social loafing
Prisoner'S dilemma
bystander effect
45. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Field theory
Self-presentation
M.J.Lerner
46. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Paul Ekman
Self-serving attributional bias
Reciprocal socialization
Harold Kelley
47. Group polarization
Social loafing
James Stoner
Irving Janis
Bogus pipeline
48. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
M. Rokeach
Philip Zimbardo
Lee Ross
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
49. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Equity theory
Role
50. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Attribution theory
Objective self-awareness
Reciprocal socialization
Oversimplification