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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






2. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






3. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






4. The total influences upon individual behavior






5. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






6. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






7. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






8. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






9. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






10. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






11. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






12. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






13. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






14. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






15. Assuming most other people think as you do






16. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






17. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






18. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






19. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






20. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






21. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






22. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






23. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






24. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






25. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






26. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






27. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






28. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






29. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






30. Elaboration likelihood model






31. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






32. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






33. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






34. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






35. Group polarization






36. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






37. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






38. Groupthink






39. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






40. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






41. Hawthorne effect






42. Person who speaks out against majority






43. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






44. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






45. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






46. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






47. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






48. Doll preference studies






49. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






50. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression