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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Doll preference studies






2. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






3. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






4. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






5. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






6. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






7. The total influences upon individual behavior






8. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






9. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






10. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






11. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






12. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






13. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






14. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






15. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






16. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






17. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






18. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






19. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






20. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






21. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






22. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






23. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






24. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






25. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






26. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






27. Assuming most other people think as you do






28. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






29. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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30. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






31. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






32. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






33. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






34. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






35. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






36. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






37. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






38. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






39. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






40. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






41. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






42. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






43. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






44. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






45. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






46. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






47. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






48. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






49. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






50. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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