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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
Contact (Groups)
Harold Kelley
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Hindsight bias
2. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
deindividuation
Stimulus-overload theory
Mere-exposure effect
Social comparison
3. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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4. Cognitive dissonance theory
Attraction (in order of importance)
Leon Festinger
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Contact (Groups)
5. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
M. Rokeach
Actor-observer attributional divergence
False consensus bias
Trucking company game
6. Groupthink
Self-presentation
Equity theory
M. Rokeach
Irving Janis
7. Attribution theory - balance theory
Hindsight bias
Robert Zajonc
Social comparison
Fritz Heider
8. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Vector (life space)
M.J.Lerner
Life space
Halo effect
9. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Stimulus-overload theory
Harold Kelley
Reactance
M. Rokeach
10. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Philip Zimbardo
Solomon Asch
Pluralistic ignorance
11. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Overjustification effect
McGuire
Door-in-the-face
J. Rodin and E. Langer
12. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Sleeper effect
Risky shift
deindividuation
Acceptance
13. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Solomon Asch
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Lee Ross
14. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
diffusion of responsibility
Overjustification effect
Availability heuristic
Passionate love
15. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
Stuart Valins
Prisoner'S dilemma
False consensus bias
Equity theory
16. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Lee Ross
Philip Zimbardo
Harold Kelley
Objective self-awareness
17. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Representativeness heuristic
Social comparison
Gain-loss theory
elaboration likelihood model
18. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Muzafer Sherif
Social Psychology
Illusion of control
19. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
elaboration likelihood model
Leonard Berkowitz
False consensus bias
Mere-exposure effect
20. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Base-rate fallacy
Compliance
Inoculation theory
Robert Zajonc
21. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Kurt Lewin
Walter Dill Scott
Reactance
Self-presentation
22. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
M.J.Lerner
Robert Zajonc
Attitude
23. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Philip Zimbardo
diffusion of responsibility
Group polarization
Sleeper effect
24. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Henry Landsberger
Self-monitoring
Solomon Asch
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
25. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Slippery slope
Social comparison
Trucking company game
diffusion of responsibility
26. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Conformity (types)
Attitude
Stuart Valins
deindividuation
27. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Sleeper effect
Hazel Markus
Oversimplification
28. Doll preference studies
Mere-exposure effect
Barrier (life space)
diffusion of responsibility
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
29. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Just world bias
Hawthorne effect
Field theory
Social support network
30. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Bogus pipeline
Oversimplification
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Acceptance
31. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Barrier (life space)
Representativeness heuristic
Door-in-the-face
Stanley MIlgram (study)
32. Group polarization
Acceptance
Fritz Heider
Philip Zimbardo
James Stoner
33. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Leon Festinger
Robbers' cave experiment
Bogus pipeline
Hindsight bias
34. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Stimulus-overload theory
Prisoner'S dilemma
Sunk cost
deindividuation
35. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Reciprocal interaction
Self-presentation
Field theory
36. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Attitude
Attribution theory
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Slippery slope
37. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Inoculation theory
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Life space
Richard Nisbett
38. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
Irving Janis
Acceptance
Cognitive dissonance theory
doll preference studies
39. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Hawthorne effect
bystander effect
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
40. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Norman Triplett
Morton Deutsch
Peter principle
Social comparison
41. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Risky shift
deindividuation
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Valence (life space)
42. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Solomon Asch
Reciprocal socialization
Excitation-transfer theory
competition
43. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Cognitive dissonance theory
Self-serving attributional bias
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Social Psychology
44. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Reciprocal socialization
Conformity (types)
45. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Philip Zimbardo
Elaine Hatfield
Passionate love
Social comparison
46. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Sociotechnical systems
Halo effect
Lee Ross
Mere-exposure effect
47. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Risky shift
Vector (life space)
Prisoner'S dilemma
Just world bias
48. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
Overjustification effect
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Sleeper effect
diffusion of responsibility
49. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Attribution theory
Compliance
Peter principle
Role
50. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Compliance
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Kurt Lewin