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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






2. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






3. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






4. The total influences upon individual behavior






5. Groups take greater risks than individuals






6. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






7. Attribution theory - balance theory






8. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






9. Assuming most other people think as you do






10. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






11. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






12. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






13. Inoculation theory






14. Groupthink






15. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






16. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






17. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






18. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






19. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






20. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






21. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






22. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






23. Person who speaks out against majority






24. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






25. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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26. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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27. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






28. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






29. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






30. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






31. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






32. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






33. Illusion of control






34. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






35. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






36. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






37. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






38. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






39. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






40. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






41. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






42. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






43. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






44. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






45. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






46. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






47. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






48. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






49. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






50. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it