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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






2. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






3. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






4. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






5. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






6. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






7. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






8. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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9. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






10. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






11. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






12. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






13. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






14. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






15. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






16. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






17. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






18. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






19. Groupthink






20. Self-perception theory






21. Group polarization






22. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






23. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






24. Groups take greater risks than individuals






25. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






26. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






27. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






28. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






29. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






30. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






31. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






32. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






33. Inoculation theory






34. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






35. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






36. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






37. Just world bias






38. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






39. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






40. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






41. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






42. Person who speaks out against majority






43. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






44. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






45. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






46. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






47. Cognitive dissonance theory






48. The total influences upon individual behavior






49. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






50. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment