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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






2. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






3. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






4. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






5. Hawthorne effect






6. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






7. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






8. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






9. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






10. Attribution theory - balance theory






11. The total influences upon individual behavior






12. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






13. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






14. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






15. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






16. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






17. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






18. Groups take greater risks than individuals






19. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






20. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






21. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






22. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






23. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






24. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






25. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






26. Person who speaks out against majority






27. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






28. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






29. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






30. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






31. Cognitive dissonance theory






32. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






33. Self-perception theory






34. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






35. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






36. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






37. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






38. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






39. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






40. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






41. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






42. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






43. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






44. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






45. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






46. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






47. Elaboration likelihood model






48. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






49. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






50. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness