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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Groups take greater risks than individuals






2. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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3. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






4. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






5. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






6. Illusion of control






7. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






8. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






9. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






10. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






11. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






12. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






13. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






14. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






15. Doll preference studies






16. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






17. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






18. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






19. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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20. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






21. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






22. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






23. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






24. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






25. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






26. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






27. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






28. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






29. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






30. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






31. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






32. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






33. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






34. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






35. Just world bias






36. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






37. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






38. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






39. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






40. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






41. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






42. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






43. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






44. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






45. Attribution theory - balance theory






46. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






47. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






48. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






49. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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50. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately