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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Overjustification effect
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
M. Rokeach
Self-presentation
2. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Stimulus-overload theory
Paul Ekman
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Elaine Hatfield
3. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups
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4. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Dissenter
Stimulus-overload theory
Field theory
Compliance
5. Self-perception theory
Daryl Bem
Just world bias
doll preference studies
Dissenter
6. Inoculation theory
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Norman Triplett
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
McGuire
7. Hawthorne effect
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Self-presentation
Henry Landsberger
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
8. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Social facilitation
Elaine Hatfield
Illusory correlation
9. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
diffusion of responsibility
Social loafing
Henry Landsberger
Philip Zimbardo
10. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Passionate love
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Illusion of control
11. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Attribution theory
M.J.Lerner
Stuart Valins
Self-fulfilling prophecy
12. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Pluralistic ignorance
Oversimplification
Groupthink
13. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Halo effect
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Objective self-awareness
Self-presentation
14. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Halo effect
Objective self-awareness
Elaine Hatfield
Illusory correlation
15. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Social support network
Cognitive dissonance theory
Trucking company game
Impression management
16. Illusion of control
Peter principle
Ellen Langer
Compassionate love
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
17. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Compliance
Field theory
Slippery slope
Base-rate fallacy
18. Person who speaks out against majority
Henry Landsberger
Dissenter
Life space
Vector (life space)
19. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Harold Kelley
Impression management
Reciprocity of disclosure
Conformity (types)
20. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
M. Rokeach
Reciprocal interaction
elaboration likelihood model
Inoculation theory
21. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Kurt Lewin
Door-in-the-face
Stimulus-overload theory
Stanley Milgram
22. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Social exchange theory
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Reactance
McGuire
23. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
Stanley Milgram
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Barrier (life space)
Paul Ekman
24. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Social exchange theory
Social support network
Norman Triplett
Overjustification effect
25. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Norman Triplett
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Passionate love
Representativeness heuristic
26. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Illusory correlation
Illusion of control
Balance theory
Social loafing
27. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Social Psychology
Elaine Hatfield
Illusory correlation
28. Cognitive dissonance theory
Attribution theory
Leon Festinger
Compassionate love
Contact (Groups)
29. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Overjustification effect
Door-in-the-face
Life space
Inoculation theory
30. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Illusory correlation
Philip Zimbardo
Ingroup/outgroup bias
31. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Philip Zimbardo
Contact (Groups)
Overjustification effect
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
32. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Availability heuristic
Objective self-awareness
Base-rate fallacy
33. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
Bogus pipeline
Balance theory
Vector (life space)
doll preference studies
34. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Walter Dill Scott
Groupthink
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Stanley Milgram
35. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday
Self-perception theory
Passionate love
Robert Zajonc
Life space
36. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Self-perception theory
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Philip Zimbardo
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
37. The total influences upon individual behavior
Hawthorne effect
Attraction (in order of importance)
Stuart Valins
Field theory
38. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Mere-exposure effect
Valence (life space)
Hindsight bias
Prisoner'S dilemma
39. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Excitation-transfer theory
Gain-loss theory
Sleeper effect
Morton Deutsch
40. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
Reciprocity of disclosure
Risky shift
competition
Availability heuristic
41. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding
Social support network
Field theory
Cognitive dissonance theory
Paul Ekman
42. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Hindsight bias
Lee Ross
Vector (life space)
Prisoner'S dilemma
43. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Social facilitation
M. Rokeach
Robert Zajonc
Overjustification effect
44. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Kurt Lewin
Mere-exposure effect
Field theory
Oversimplification
45. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Trucking company game
Acceptance
Barrier (life space)
Social comparison
46. Assuming most other people think as you do
False consensus bias
Lee Ross
Passionate love
bystander effect
47. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Compliance
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Groupthink
Mere-exposure effect
48. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Muzafer Sherif
Self-serving attributional bias
Social facilitation
Just world bias
49. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential
Reactance
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
McGuire
Solomon Asch
50. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Attitude
Henry Landsberger
Conformity (types)
Passionate love