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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Person who speaks out against majority






2. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






3. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






4. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






5. Inoculation theory






6. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






7. Theory of reasoned action






8. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






9. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






10. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






11. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






12. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






13. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






14. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






15. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






16. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






17. Doll preference studies






18. Elaboration likelihood model






19. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






20. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






21. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






22. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






23. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






24. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






25. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






26. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






27. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






28. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






29. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






30. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






31. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






32. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






33. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






34. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






35. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






36. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






37. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






38. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






39. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






40. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






41. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






42. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






43. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






44. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






45. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






46. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






47. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






48. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






49. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






50. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health