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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Person who speaks out against majority






2. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






3. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






4. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






5. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






6. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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7. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






8. Illusion of control






9. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






10. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






11. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






12. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






13. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






14. Self-perception theory






15. Hawthorne effect






16. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






17. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






18. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






19. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






20. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






21. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






22. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






23. Attribution theory - balance theory






24. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






25. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






26. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






27. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






28. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






29. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






30. Inoculation theory






31. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






32. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






33. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






34. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






35. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






36. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






37. Elaboration likelihood model






38. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






39. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






40. Cognitive dissonance theory






41. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






42. Theory of reasoned action






43. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






44. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






45. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






46. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






47. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






48. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






49. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






50. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge