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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






2. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






3. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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4. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






5. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






6. Person who speaks out against majority






7. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






8. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






9. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






10. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






11. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






12. Self-perception theory






13. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






14. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






15. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






16. Groups take greater risks than individuals






17. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






18. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






19. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






20. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






21. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






22. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






23. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






24. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






25. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






26. Illusion of control






27. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






28. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






29. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






30. Group polarization






31. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






32. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






33. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






34. Theory of reasoned action






35. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






36. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






37. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






38. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






39. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






40. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






41. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






42. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






43. Assuming most other people think as you do






44. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






45. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






46. Groupthink






47. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






48. Elaboration likelihood model






49. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






50. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment







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