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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






2. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






3. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






4. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






5. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






6. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






7. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






8. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






9. Theory of reasoned action






10. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






11. Elaboration likelihood model






12. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






13. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






14. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






15. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






16. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






17. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






18. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






19. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






20. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






21. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






22. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






23. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






24. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






25. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






26. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






27. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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28. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






29. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






30. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






31. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






32. Cognitive dissonance theory






33. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






34. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






35. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






36. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






37. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






38. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






39. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






40. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






41. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






42. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






43. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






44. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






45. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






46. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






47. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






48. Self-perception theory






49. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






50. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment