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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






2. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






3. The total influences upon individual behavior






4. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






5. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






6. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






7. Group polarization






8. Inoculation theory






9. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






10. Groups take greater risks than individuals






11. Just world bias






12. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






13. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






14. Person who speaks out against majority






15. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






16. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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17. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






18. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






19. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






20. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






21. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






22. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






23. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






24. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






25. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






26. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






27. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






28. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






29. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






30. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






31. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






32. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






33. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






34. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






35. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






36. Groupthink






37. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






38. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






39. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






40. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






41. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






42. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






43. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






44. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






45. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






46. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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47. Cognitive dissonance theory






48. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






49. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






50. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice