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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






2. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






3. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






4. Just world bias






5. Groups take greater risks than individuals






6. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






7. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






8. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






9. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






10. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






11. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






12. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






13. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






14. Attribution theory - balance theory






15. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






16. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






17. Self-perception theory






18. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






19. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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20. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






21. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






22. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






23. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






24. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






25. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






26. Elaboration likelihood model






27. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






28. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






29. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






30. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






31. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






32. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






33. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






34. Theory of reasoned action






35. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






36. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






37. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






38. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






39. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






40. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






41. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






42. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






43. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






44. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






45. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






46. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






47. Groupthink






48. Group polarization






49. Assuming most other people think as you do






50. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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