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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






2. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






3. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






4. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






5. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






6. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






7. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






8. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






9. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






10. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






11. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






12. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






13. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






14. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






15. Assuming most other people think as you do






16. Illusion of control






17. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






18. Theory of reasoned action






19. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






20. Person who speaks out against majority






21. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






22. Just world bias






23. Elaboration likelihood model






24. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






25. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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26. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






27. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






28. Hawthorne effect






29. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






30. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






31. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






32. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






33. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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34. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






35. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






36. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






37. Groups take greater risks than individuals






38. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






39. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






40. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






41. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






42. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






43. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






44. Attribution theory - balance theory






45. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






46. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






47. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






48. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






49. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






50. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment







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