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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






2. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






3. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






4. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






5. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






6. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






7. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






8. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






9. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






10. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






11. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






12. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






13. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






14. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






15. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






16. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






17. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






18. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






19. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






20. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






21. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






22. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






23. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






24. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






25. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






26. Self-perception theory






27. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






28. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






29. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






30. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






31. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






32. Doll preference studies






33. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






34. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






35. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






36. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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37. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






38. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






39. Theory of reasoned action






40. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






41. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






42. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






43. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






44. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






45. Attribution theory - balance theory






46. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






47. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






48. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






49. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






50. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health







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