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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
competition
Dissenter
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Stuart Valins
2. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Objective self-awareness
Social loafing
Prisoner'S dilemma
3. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
Excitation-transfer theory
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Stanley Milgram
4. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Life space
Inoculation theory
Group polarization
James Stoner
5. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Peter principle
Inoculation theory
Risky shift
Norman Triplett
6. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Overjustification effect
Passionate love
Attraction (in order of importance)
Dissenter
7. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
M. Rokeach
Kurt Lewin
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Reciprocal socialization
8. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -
Attribution theory
Gain-loss theory
Stanley Milgram
Hazel Markus
9. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Social comparison
Social support network
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Lee Ross
10. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Social comparison
Harold Kelley
Halo effect
Attraction (in order of importance)
11. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Kurt Lewin
Contact (Groups)
Robbers' cave experiment
McGuire
12. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Leonard Berkowitz
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Robbers' cave experiment
13. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Sleeper effect
Leonard Berkowitz
Excitation-transfer theory
Social Psychology
14. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Hindsight bias
Ellen Langer
Trucking company game
15. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Groupthink
Stuart Valins
M.J.Lerner
16. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Valence (life space)
Equity theory
Solomon Asch
Irving Janis
17. Cognitive dissonance theory
Leon Festinger
Sunk cost
Compliance
J. Rodin and E. Langer
18. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Oversimplification
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Henry Landsberger
Walter Dill Scott
19. Assuming most other people think as you do
Lee Ross
Leonard Berkowitz
False consensus bias
Prisoner'S dilemma
20. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Leon Festinger
M. Rokeach
Walter Dill Scott
Halo effect
21. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Illusion of control
Door-in-the-face
Valence (life space)
Attribution theory
22. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Sunk cost
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
23. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Norman Triplett
Self-presentation
Bogus pipeline
Social Psychology
24. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Life space
Stanley Milgram
deindividuation
Trucking company game
25. Groupthink
Irving Janis
Social exchange theory
M.J.Lerner
Trucking company game
26. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Elaine Hatfield
Dissenter
Hindsight bias
J. Rodin and E. Langer
27. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Peter principle
Kurt Lewin
M.J.Lerner
McGuire
28. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
elaboration likelihood model
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Compassionate love
Hindsight bias
29. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Richard Nisbett
Overjustification effect
Reciprocal interaction
30. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style
Stuart Valins
Self-fulfilling prophecy
diffusion of responsibility
Reciprocal interaction
31. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Richard Nisbett
Robert Zajonc
Bogus pipeline
Solomon Asch
32. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Paul Ekman
Social comparison
Social Psychology
33. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Bogus pipeline
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Irving Janis
Social support network
34. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Door-in-the-face
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Reciprocal socialization
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
35. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Attitude
diffusion of responsibility
Hindsight bias
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
36. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Representativeness heuristic
Availability heuristic
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Social exchange theory
37. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Trucking company game
Passionate love
Social loafing
False consensus bias
38. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
M. Rokeach
Leon Festinger
Objective self-awareness
39. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Acceptance
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Valence (life space)
Daryl Bem
40. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Harold Kelley
Reciprocal interaction
Impression management
41. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Morton Deutsch
Robbers' cave experiment
Self-monitoring
Hawthorne effect
42. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Philip Zimbardo
Contact (Groups)
Reciprocal socialization
43. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
False consensus bias
Richard Nisbett
Mere-exposure effect
Lee Ross
44. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Morton Deutsch
Self-serving attributional bias
Sociotechnical systems
Norman Triplett
45. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Illusory correlation
Fritz Heider
Mere-exposure effect
M. Rokeach
46. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Lee Ross
Philip Zimbardo
Morton Deutsch
elaboration likelihood model
47. Inoculation theory
Self-serving attributional bias
Kurt Lewin
McGuire
deindividuation
48. Attribution theory - balance theory
M. Rokeach
Fritz Heider
Hindsight bias
Social exchange theory
49. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
Leon Festinger
Ellen Langer
Bogus pipeline
Role
50. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Lee Ross
Availability heuristic
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Actor-observer attributional divergence