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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






2. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






3. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






4. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






5. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






6. Hawthorne effect






7. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






8. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






9. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






10. Theory of reasoned action






11. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






12. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






13. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






14. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






15. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






16. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






17. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






18. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






19. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






20. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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21. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






22. Groupthink






23. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






24. Just world bias






25. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






26. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






27. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






28. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






29. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






30. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






31. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






32. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






33. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






34. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






35. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






36. Person who speaks out against majority






37. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






38. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






39. Illusion of control






40. Cognitive dissonance theory






41. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






42. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






43. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






44. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






45. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






46. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






47. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






48. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






49. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






50. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various