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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Self-perception theory
elaboration likelihood model
Compliance
Daryl Bem
Reciprocity of disclosure
2. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Richard Lazarus
M. Rokeach
Hawthorne effect
Daryl Bem
3. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Door-in-the-face
Cognitive dissonance theory
Muzafer Sherif
Henry Landsberger
4. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Life space
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Illusory correlation
Balance theory
5. Inoculation theory
Peter principle
McGuire
Irving Janis
bystander effect
6. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Muzafer Sherif
Sociotechnical systems
Groupthink
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
7. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Balance theory
Social exchange theory
Sleeper effect
Stanley Milgram
8. Group polarization
Bogus pipeline
Group polarization
Social exchange theory
James Stoner
9. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Hindsight bias
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Availability heuristic
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
10. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Valence (life space)
Social Psychology
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Self-presentation
11. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Robert Zajonc
Groupthink
Representativeness heuristic
Norman Triplett
12. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
diffusion of responsibility
Equity theory
deindividuation
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
13. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Richard Nisbett
Self-presentation
Stanley Milgram
14. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Overjustification effect
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Cognitive dissonance theory
Reciprocal interaction
15. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Sleeper effect
Richard Lazarus
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
16. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Barrier (life space)
Pluralistic ignorance
Life space
Groupthink
17. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Peter principle
Hindsight bias
Social comparison
Reciprocity of disclosure
18. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Self-serving attributional bias
Representativeness heuristic
Halo effect
Conformity (types)
19. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Muzafer Sherif
Sociotechnical systems
Compassionate love
Norman Triplett
20. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Lee Ross
Impression management
Sunk cost
21. Person who speaks out against majority
Dissenter
Fritz Heider
Leon Festinger
Walter Dill Scott
22. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Lee Ross
Mere-exposure effect
Door-in-the-face
J. Rodin and E. Langer
23. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness
Vector (life space)
doll preference studies
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Reciprocity of disclosure
24. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential
Excitation-transfer theory
Solomon Asch
Daryl Bem
Richard Nisbett
25. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Henry Landsberger
Robert Zajonc
Fritz Heider
M.J.Lerner
26. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Representativeness heuristic
James Stoner
Robbers' cave experiment
Hindsight bias
27. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
elaboration likelihood model
Social exchange theory
Norman Triplett
Self-presentation
28. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups
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29. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Inoculation theory
Vector (life space)
Walter Dill Scott
elaboration likelihood model
30. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Attribution theory
Door-in-the-face
Representativeness heuristic
Harold Kelley
31. Attribution theory - balance theory
Morton Deutsch
Daryl Bem
Henry Landsberger
Fritz Heider
32. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Robbers' cave experiment
Social comparison
Groupthink
deindividuation
33. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday
Sociotechnical systems
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Slippery slope
Self-perception theory
34. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Cognitive dissonance theory
Risky shift
Inoculation theory
Excitation-transfer theory
35. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Sleeper effect
Slippery slope
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
bystander effect
36. Elaboration likelihood model
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Barrier (life space)
Bogus pipeline
37. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Social support network
Risky shift
Base-rate fallacy
Stanley Milgram
38. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
Halo effect
Sleeper effect
Compliance
diffusion of responsibility
39. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Sunk cost
Life space
competition
Robbers' cave experiment
40. Hawthorne effect
elaboration likelihood model
Prisoner'S dilemma
Door-in-the-face
Henry Landsberger
41. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Richard Nisbett
Illusion of control
Balance theory
Oversimplification
42. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Leonard Berkowitz
Equity theory
Conformity (types)
diffusion of responsibility
43. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Philip Zimbardo
Balance theory
Halo effect
Overjustification effect
44. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Muzafer Sherif
Acceptance
Barrier (life space)
Overjustification effect
45. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
Attitude
competition
Equity theory
Stanley Milgram
46. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Leonard Berkowitz
Social loafing
Reciprocal interaction
M. Rokeach
47. The total influences upon individual behavior
Sociotechnical systems
Field theory
Reciprocal socialization
Kurt Lewin
48. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Self-perception theory
Sunk cost
Walter Dill Scott
Kurt Lewin
49. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Richard Lazarus
Hawthorne effect
Morton Deutsch
Actor-observer attributional divergence
50. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
deindividuation
Self-presentation
Leonard Berkowitz
Attraction (in order of importance)