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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Role
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Self-presentation
Social Psychology
2. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Lee Ross
Oversimplification
Social exchange theory
Social loafing
3. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Sunk cost
Reactance
Henry Landsberger
Excitation-transfer theory
4. The total influences upon individual behavior
McGuire
Field theory
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
elaboration likelihood model
5. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Role
Attitude
Risky shift
Reciprocal socialization
6. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style
Fritz Heider
Prisoner'S dilemma
Objective self-awareness
Stuart Valins
7. Attribution theory - balance theory
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Fritz Heider
Trucking company game
Paul Ekman
8. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Prisoner'S dilemma
Leonard Berkowitz
Mere-exposure effect
Daryl Bem
9. Assuming most other people think as you do
Walter Dill Scott
Excitation-transfer theory
False consensus bias
Bogus pipeline
10. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Vector (life space)
Social exchange theory
11. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Door-in-the-face
Compassionate love
Base-rate fallacy
Contact (Groups)
12. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Equity theory
M. Rokeach
Reactance
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
13. Inoculation theory
McGuire
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Self-perception theory
Self-serving attributional bias
14. Groupthink
Trucking company game
Irving Janis
McGuire
Harold Kelley
15. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Ellen Langer
Social exchange theory
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Sunk cost
16. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Robert Zajonc
Reciprocal interaction
Social support network
Hawthorne effect
17. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Life space
Self-monitoring
James Stoner
Objective self-awareness
18. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Sunk cost
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Reciprocal socialization
bystander effect
19. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Halo effect
Solomon Asch
Paul Ekman
Robbers' cave experiment
20. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Halo effect
Illusory correlation
Objective self-awareness
deindividuation
21. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Social comparison
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Morton Deutsch
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
22. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Morton Deutsch
False consensus bias
Contact (Groups)
James Stoner
23. Person who speaks out against majority
Base-rate fallacy
Prisoner'S dilemma
Richard Lazarus
Dissenter
24. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Self-perception theory
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Objective self-awareness
25. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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26. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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27. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
competition
Daryl Bem
Trucking company game
Illusion of control
28. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Fritz Heider
Social Psychology
Hawthorne effect
Risky shift
29. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
Illusion of control
Sunk cost
Equity theory
Robbers' cave experiment
30. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Social loafing
Trucking company game
M.J.Lerner
Cognitive dissonance theory
31. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Contact (Groups)
Hazel Markus
Cognitive dissonance theory
Base-rate fallacy
32. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Role
Harold Kelley
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Richard Nisbett
33. Illusion of control
Excitation-transfer theory
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Ellen Langer
34. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Door-in-the-face
James Stoner
Social Psychology
Walter Dill Scott
35. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Compliance
Solomon Asch
Social Psychology
Self-serving attributional bias
36. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Social Psychology
Door-in-the-face
Hazel Markus
Cognitive dissonance theory
37. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Self-monitoring
Mere-exposure effect
Group polarization
Richard Lazarus
38. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Acceptance
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Reciprocal interaction
elaboration likelihood model
39. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
McGuire
Dissenter
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Elaine Hatfield
40. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Prisoner'S dilemma
Representativeness heuristic
Muzafer Sherif
Irving Janis
41. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
Richard Lazarus
Robbers' cave experiment
Attraction (in order of importance)
diffusion of responsibility
42. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Stuart Valins
Pluralistic ignorance
Kurt Lewin
Self-monitoring
43. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Stanley Milgram
Door-in-the-face
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
44. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Sociotechnical systems
M. Rokeach
McGuire
Sleeper effect
45. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Attribution theory
Prisoner'S dilemma
Morton Deutsch
Reciprocal socialization
46. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Excitation-transfer theory
Norman Triplett
Objective self-awareness
Self-perception theory
47. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Bogus pipeline
competition
Impression management
Passionate love
48. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Trucking company game
Reciprocal interaction
James Stoner
J. Rodin and E. Langer
49. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Self-monitoring
Social comparison
Vector (life space)
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
50. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Slippery slope
Mere-exposure effect
Lee Ross
Pluralistic ignorance