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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Attribution theory
Life space
Paul Ekman
Social facilitation
2. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Halo effect
Self-monitoring
deindividuation
M. Rokeach
3. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
False consensus bias
Hawthorne effect
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Norman Triplett
4. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Social loafing
competition
Paul Ekman
Conformity (types)
5. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
Groupthink
doll preference studies
McGuire
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
6. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Door-in-the-face
Social exchange theory
Vector (life space)
Life space
7. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
McGuire
Barrier (life space)
Inoculation theory
Passionate love
8. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Gain-loss theory
Equity theory
Reciprocal socialization
Stuart Valins
9. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
competition
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
McGuire
10. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Slippery slope
Philip Zimbardo
Oversimplification
Daryl Bem
11. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Social loafing
Passionate love
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Reciprocal interaction
12. Self-perception theory
Excitation-transfer theory
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Daryl Bem
competition
13. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Kurt Lewin
Gain-loss theory
Bogus pipeline
Solomon Asch
14. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Reactance
Oversimplification
Social facilitation
J. Rodin and E. Langer
15. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Robert Zajonc
Morton Deutsch
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Peter principle
16. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Reactance
Sleeper effect
Lee Ross
17. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Hazel Markus
Henry Landsberger
Self-serving attributional bias
Base-rate fallacy
18. Cognitive dissonance theory
Life space
Robbers' cave experiment
Richard Lazarus
Leon Festinger
19. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Social facilitation
Illusory correlation
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Availability heuristic
20. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
Sleeper effect
Role
Pluralistic ignorance
Halo effect
21. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Oversimplification
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Sociotechnical systems
Groupthink
22. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Self-perception theory
Kurt Lewin
Sunk cost
Illusion of control
23. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Sleeper effect
Reciprocal socialization
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
24. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Just world bias
Equity theory
Field theory
Balance theory
25. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Field theory
Impression management
Compassionate love
Social comparison
26. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
Dissenter
Attitude
Sleeper effect
Richard Lazarus
27. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Social exchange theory
Dissenter
deindividuation
Richard Lazarus
28. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Lee Ross
Hawthorne effect
Prisoner'S dilemma
Fritz Heider
29. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Door-in-the-face
Valence (life space)
elaboration likelihood model
Sunk cost
30. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Passionate love
Contact (Groups)
Solomon Asch
Peter principle
31. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Elaine Hatfield
Muzafer Sherif
Compliance
Mere-exposure effect
32. Hawthorne effect
Paul Ekman
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Leon Festinger
Henry Landsberger
33. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Conformity (types)
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Lee Ross
34. Inoculation theory
Norman Triplett
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
McGuire
Acceptance
35. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Oversimplification
Pluralistic ignorance
Leon Festinger
Overjustification effect
36. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Hazel Markus
Paul Ekman
Illusory correlation
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
37. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Social support network
Sociotechnical systems
Kurt Lewin
Compliance
38. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Inoculation theory
Social Psychology
Excitation-transfer theory
James Stoner
39. Elaboration likelihood model
Just world bias
Impression management
Life space
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
40. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Kurt Lewin
Social facilitation
diffusion of responsibility
Reciprocal socialization
41. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Cognitive dissonance theory
Group polarization
Groupthink
Sociotechnical systems
42. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Excitation-transfer theory
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Social comparison
Field theory
43. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Stanley Milgram
Attitude
Richard Nisbett
Reciprocal socialization
44. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Illusory correlation
Halo effect
Barrier (life space)
Social comparison
45. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Walter Dill Scott
Pluralistic ignorance
Life space
Self-perception theory
46. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Oversimplification
Risky shift
Objective self-awareness
Attribution theory
47. The total influences upon individual behavior
Impression management
Stuart Valins
Field theory
Risky shift
48. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Peter principle
Social comparison
Trucking company game
Norman Triplett
49. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Illusory correlation
Reciprocal socialization
Halo effect
Self-presentation
50. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Daryl Bem
False consensus bias
Mere-exposure effect
Impression management
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