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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






2. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






3. Groups take greater risks than individuals






4. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






5. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






6. Theory of reasoned action






7. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






8. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






9. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






10. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






11. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






12. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






13. Just world bias






14. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






15. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






16. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






17. Assuming most other people think as you do






18. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






19. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






20. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






21. The total influences upon individual behavior






22. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






23. Group polarization






24. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






25. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






26. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






27. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






28. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






29. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






30. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






31. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






32. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






33. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






34. Elaboration likelihood model






35. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






36. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game


37. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






38. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






39. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






40. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups


41. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






42. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






43. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






44. Inoculation theory






45. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






46. Person who speaks out against majority






47. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






48. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






49. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






50. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace