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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Bogus pipeline
Attribution theory
Robbers' cave experiment
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
2. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Bogus pipeline
Acceptance
Reciprocal socialization
Compliance
3. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Social exchange theory
Gain-loss theory
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Muzafer Sherif
4. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Norman Triplett
Harold Kelley
Muzafer Sherif
Social exchange theory
5. The total influences upon individual behavior
Social exchange theory
Field theory
Compliance
Reciprocal interaction
6. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Bogus pipeline
Mere-exposure effect
Sleeper effect
M. Rokeach
7. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Norman Triplett
Philip Zimbardo
Valence (life space)
Ellen Langer
8. Person who speaks out against majority
Representativeness heuristic
Bogus pipeline
Pluralistic ignorance
Dissenter
9. Inoculation theory
Robert Zajonc
Contact (Groups)
Lee Ross
McGuire
10. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
McGuire
Field theory
Equity theory
Richard Lazarus
11. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Leonard Berkowitz
Social loafing
Gain-loss theory
Self-perception theory
12. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Leonard Berkowitz
Robert Zajonc
elaboration likelihood model
diffusion of responsibility
13. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Just world bias
Lee Ross
Actor-observer attributional divergence
14. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Leonard Berkowitz
Representativeness heuristic
Harold Kelley
Self-monitoring
15. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Peter principle
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Richard Nisbett
Sleeper effect
16. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Leonard Berkowitz
deindividuation
Self-serving attributional bias
Social facilitation
17. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Reciprocal socialization
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Ellen Langer
Ingroup/outgroup bias
18. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Reactance
Lee Ross
McGuire
Cognitive dissonance theory
19. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Social support network
Stuart Valins
Lee Ross
Leonard Berkowitz
20. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Sociotechnical systems
Dissenter
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
21. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Leonard Berkowitz
M.J.Lerner
Groupthink
Social comparison
22. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Bogus pipeline
Richard Lazarus
Oversimplification
Paul Ekman
23. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Robert Zajonc
Social support network
Conformity (types)
Self-fulfilling prophecy
24. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Fritz Heider
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Pluralistic ignorance
Social Psychology
25. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Kurt Lewin
Norman Triplett
Halo effect
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
26. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Social exchange theory
McGuire
M. Rokeach
27. Self-perception theory
Daryl Bem
Self-monitoring
competition
Just world bias
28. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Inoculation theory
Hindsight bias
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Leonard Berkowitz
29. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Hindsight bias
Oversimplification
Valence (life space)
30. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding
Social loafing
Pluralistic ignorance
Paul Ekman
Morton Deutsch
31. Group polarization
Bogus pipeline
Self-monitoring
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
James Stoner
32. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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33. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Sociotechnical systems
Impression management
Philip Zimbardo
Hazel Markus
34. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Objective self-awareness
Social comparison
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Stanley MIlgram (study)
35. Cognitive dissonance theory
Leon Festinger
Valence (life space)
Social Psychology
Walter Dill Scott
36. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
competition
Barrier (life space)
Stimulus-overload theory
Hazel Markus
37. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Attraction (in order of importance)
Life space
Norman Triplett
38. Just world bias
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
M.J.Lerner
Fritz Heider
Bogus pipeline
39. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Norman Triplett
Self-perception theory
Lee Ross
Role
40. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style
Bogus pipeline
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Stuart Valins
41. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Door-in-the-face
Fritz Heider
Self-perception theory
Philip Zimbardo
42. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Attribution theory
Social Psychology
Daryl Bem
43. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Norman Triplett
Overjustification effect
Vector (life space)
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
44. Elaboration likelihood model
Halo effect
Actor-observer attributional divergence
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Stimulus-overload theory
45. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Self-serving attributional bias
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Balance theory
Daryl Bem
46. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential
Solomon Asch
Prisoner'S dilemma
Robert Zajonc
Risky shift
47. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Walter Dill Scott
Bogus pipeline
Kurt Lewin
Slippery slope
48. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Reciprocal interaction
Equity theory
Reciprocity of disclosure
Stimulus-overload theory
49. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Groupthink
Philip Zimbardo
Walter Dill Scott
Compassionate love
50. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Sunk cost
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Representativeness heuristic
Groupthink