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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






2. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






3. Group polarization






4. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






5. Groupthink






6. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






7. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






8. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






9. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






10. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






11. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






12. Illusion of control






13. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






14. Inoculation theory






15. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






16. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






17. Theory of reasoned action






18. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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19. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






20. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






21. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






22. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






23. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






24. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






25. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






26. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






27. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






28. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






29. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






30. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






31. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






32. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






33. Person who speaks out against majority






34. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






35. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






36. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






37. The total influences upon individual behavior






38. Assuming most other people think as you do






39. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






40. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






41. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






42. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






43. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






44. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






45. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






46. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






47. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






48. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






49. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






50. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier