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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






2. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






3. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






4. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






5. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






6. Just world bias






7. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






8. Cognitive dissonance theory






9. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






10. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






11. Doll preference studies






12. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






13. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






14. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






15. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






16. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






17. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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18. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






19. Self-perception theory






20. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






21. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






22. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






23. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






24. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






25. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






26. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






27. Hawthorne effect






28. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






29. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






30. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






31. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






32. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






33. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






34. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






35. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






36. Theory of reasoned action






37. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






38. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






39. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






40. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






41. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






42. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






43. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






44. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






45. Groups take greater risks than individuals






46. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






47. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






48. Assuming most other people think as you do






49. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






50. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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