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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The total influences upon individual behavior






2. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






3. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






4. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






5. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






6. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






7. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






8. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






9. Inoculation theory






10. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






11. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






12. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups


13. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






14. Groups take greater risks than individuals






15. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






16. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






17. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






18. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






19. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






20. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






21. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument


22. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






23. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






24. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






25. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






26. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






27. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






28. Illusion of control






29. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






30. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






31. Person who speaks out against majority






32. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






33. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






34. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






35. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






36. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






37. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






38. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






39. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






40. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






41. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






42. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






43. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






44. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






45. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






46. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






47. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






48. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






49. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






50. Groupthink