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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Daryl Bem
bystander effect
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Illusion of control
2. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Self-perception theory
Impression management
Walter Dill Scott
Slippery slope
3. Attribution theory - balance theory
Fritz Heider
M.J.Lerner
Conformity (types)
Contact (Groups)
4. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Dissenter
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Elaine Hatfield
Stanley Milgram
5. Just world bias
Kurt Lewin
Trucking company game
Walter Dill Scott
M.J.Lerner
6. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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7. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
Oversimplification
Equity theory
Daryl Bem
Gain-loss theory
8. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Mere-exposure effect
Hazel Markus
Risky shift
doll preference studies
9. Elaboration likelihood model
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Morton Deutsch
Stuart Valins
Cognitive dissonance theory
10. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Gain-loss theory
Attraction (in order of importance)
Sunk cost
Daryl Bem
11. Cognitive dissonance theory
Leon Festinger
Self-perception theory
Stanley Milgram
Gain-loss theory
12. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Life space
Stuart Valins
Hawthorne effect
Reciprocal interaction
13. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Hindsight bias
M. Rokeach
Social facilitation
14. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Oversimplification
Norman Triplett
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Stanley MIlgram (study)
15. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Life space
Valence (life space)
doll preference studies
deindividuation
16. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Inoculation theory
deindividuation
Passionate love
Stanley MIlgram (study)
17. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Kurt Lewin
Gain-loss theory
bystander effect
Risky shift
18. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Robbers' cave experiment
Illusion of control
Bogus pipeline
Sunk cost
19. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Muzafer Sherif
Leon Festinger
Stuart Valins
Life space
20. The total influences upon individual behavior
Excitation-transfer theory
Hazel Markus
Daryl Bem
Field theory
21. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Oversimplification
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Representativeness heuristic
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
22. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Peter principle
Sleeper effect
Contact (Groups)
Vector (life space)
23. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Self-perception theory
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Attribution theory
24. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Valence (life space)
Barrier (life space)
Hawthorne effect
Illusory correlation
25. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Role
Impression management
Group polarization
Door-in-the-face
26. Assuming most other people think as you do
Philip Zimbardo
Attraction (in order of importance)
Irving Janis
False consensus bias
27. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Attribution theory
Impression management
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Elaine Hatfield
28. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Self-presentation
Harold Kelley
Henry Landsberger
Valence (life space)
29. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Balance theory
Field theory
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Reciprocal socialization
30. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Peter principle
Role
Compassionate love
Slippery slope
31. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Dissenter
Reciprocal socialization
Leon Festinger
Attribution theory
32. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups
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33. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Social support network
Paul Ekman
Cognitive dissonance theory
Social loafing
34. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Reactance
Illusion of control
Compliance
McGuire
35. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Harold Kelley
Excitation-transfer theory
M. Rokeach
bystander effect
36. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Acceptance
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Fritz Heider
37. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Solomon Asch
Hazel Markus
Walter Dill Scott
38. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Social exchange theory
Muzafer Sherif
Self-perception theory
Slippery slope
39. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Acceptance
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Base-rate fallacy
Reciprocal interaction
40. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Henry Landsberger
elaboration likelihood model
41. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Availability heuristic
elaboration likelihood model
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Philip Zimbardo
42. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Hazel Markus
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Sociotechnical systems
M.J.Lerner
43. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Conformity (types)
Overjustification effect
Harold Kelley
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
44. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
James Stoner
Illusion of control
Group polarization
Leon Festinger
45. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Social support network
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Social exchange theory
Self-presentation
46. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Availability heuristic
bystander effect
Robert Zajonc
Paul Ekman
47. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Reactance
Prisoner'S dilemma
Pluralistic ignorance
bystander effect
48. Self-perception theory
Daryl Bem
Gain-loss theory
McGuire
Reciprocal socialization
49. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Self-perception theory
Base-rate fallacy
Objective self-awareness
Ellen Langer
50. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Irving Janis
Self-monitoring
Oversimplification
Illusory correlation