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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Assuming most other people think as you do






2. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






3. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






4. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






5. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






6. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






7. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






8. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






9. Inoculation theory






10. Groups take greater risks than individuals






11. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






12. Group polarization






13. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






14. Attribution theory - balance theory






15. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






16. Groupthink






17. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






18. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






19. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






20. Hawthorne effect






21. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






22. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






23. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






24. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






25. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






26. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






27. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






28. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






29. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






30. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






31. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






32. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






33. Cognitive dissonance theory






34. Illusion of control






35. Just world bias






36. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






37. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






38. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






39. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






40. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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41. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






42. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






43. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






44. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






45. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






46. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






47. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






48. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






49. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






50. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action