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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Illusion of control






2. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






3. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






4. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






5. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






6. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






7. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






8. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






9. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






10. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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11. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






12. Person who speaks out against majority






13. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






14. Groups take greater risks than individuals






15. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






16. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






17. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






18. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






19. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






20. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






21. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






22. Theory of reasoned action






23. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






24. Group polarization






25. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






26. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






27. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






28. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






29. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






30. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






31. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






32. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






33. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






34. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






35. Assuming most other people think as you do






36. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






37. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






38. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






39. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






40. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






41. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






42. Cognitive dissonance theory






43. Self-perception theory






44. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






45. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






46. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






47. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






48. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






49. Just world bias






50. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)