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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






2. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






3. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






4. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






5. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






6. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






7. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






8. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






9. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






10. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups


11. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






12. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument


13. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






14. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






15. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






16. Elaboration likelihood model






17. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






18. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






19. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






20. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






21. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






22. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






23. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






24. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






25. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






26. Hawthorne effect






27. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






28. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






29. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






30. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






31. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






32. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






33. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






34. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






35. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






36. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






37. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






38. Assuming most other people think as you do






39. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






40. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






41. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






42. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






43. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






44. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






45. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






46. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






47. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






48. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






49. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






50. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential