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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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2. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






3. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






4. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






5. Doll preference studies






6. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






7. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






8. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






9. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






10. Person who speaks out against majority






11. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






12. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






13. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






14. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






15. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






16. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






17. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






18. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






19. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






20. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






21. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






22. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






23. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






24. Illusion of control






25. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






26. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






27. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






28. Attribution theory - balance theory






29. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






30. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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31. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






32. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






33. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






34. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






35. Group polarization






36. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






37. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






38. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






39. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






40. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






41. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






42. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






43. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






44. Cognitive dissonance theory






45. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






46. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






47. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






48. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






49. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






50. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of