SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hawthorne effect
Henry Landsberger
Richard Lazarus
Solomon Asch
Inoculation theory
2. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Attitude
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Prisoner'S dilemma
3. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Reciprocity of disclosure
Hindsight bias
Walter Dill Scott
bystander effect
4. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Compliance
Just world bias
bystander effect
5. Group polarization
Barrier (life space)
Illusory correlation
Attribution theory
James Stoner
6. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Richard Nisbett
Social Psychology
Conformity (types)
7. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
M. Rokeach
Pluralistic ignorance
Harold Kelley
Balance theory
8. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
9. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Irving Janis
Norman Triplett
Muzafer Sherif
Peter principle
10. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
M. Rokeach
False consensus bias
Acceptance
Role
11. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Valence (life space)
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Social support network
Walter Dill Scott
12. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Risky shift
Social facilitation
Sunk cost
Stimulus-overload theory
13. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Robert Zajonc
Prisoner'S dilemma
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Role
14. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
elaboration likelihood model
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Robbers' cave experiment
Conformity (types)
15. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Trucking company game
Leon Festinger
Sociotechnical systems
16. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Oversimplification
Gain-loss theory
Hazel Markus
Stimulus-overload theory
17. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Vector (life space)
James Stoner
Richard Lazarus
Hindsight bias
18. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Leonard Berkowitz
Valence (life space)
19. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Social loafing
Life space
Halo effect
Trucking company game
20. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Solomon Asch
Halo effect
M.J.Lerner
21. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
deindividuation
Compliance
22. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Contact (Groups)
Muzafer Sherif
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
elaboration likelihood model
23. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential
Acceptance
Social facilitation
Solomon Asch
Valence (life space)
24. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Self-perception theory
doll preference studies
Robert Zajonc
Irving Janis
25. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Social support network
Social facilitation
Acceptance
26. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Attribution theory
Prisoner'S dilemma
Passionate love
Robbers' cave experiment
27. Just world bias
Leon Festinger
M.J.Lerner
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Sunk cost
28. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Group polarization
M.J.Lerner
Excitation-transfer theory
Prisoner'S dilemma
29. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Equity theory
elaboration likelihood model
bystander effect
Group polarization
30. Attribution theory - balance theory
Philip Zimbardo
Hindsight bias
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Fritz Heider
31. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Reciprocal socialization
False consensus bias
Representativeness heuristic
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
32. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Social Psychology
Leon Festinger
Compassionate love
Robert Zajonc
33. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Acceptance
Irving Janis
Cognitive dissonance theory
James Stoner
34. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
35. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Attribution theory
Philip Zimbardo
Group polarization
Attitude
36. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Balance theory
Stimulus-overload theory
37. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Cognitive dissonance theory
Impression management
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Valence (life space)
38. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Ellen Langer
Hindsight bias
Conformity (types)
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
39. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Balance theory
Sunk cost
Reciprocal interaction
Trucking company game
40. Illusion of control
Oversimplification
Group polarization
Inoculation theory
Ellen Langer
41. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
elaboration likelihood model
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Barrier (life space)
Availability heuristic
42. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
doll preference studies
Harold Kelley
Stimulus-overload theory
43. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
competition
doll preference studies
Dissenter
Social facilitation
44. Groupthink
False consensus bias
Door-in-the-face
Leon Festinger
Irving Janis
45. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday
Self-perception theory
Stimulus-overload theory
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Group polarization
46. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
elaboration likelihood model
Muzafer Sherif
Illusion of control
Attribution theory
47. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Gain-loss theory
Kurt Lewin
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Hazel Markus
48. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
McGuire
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Gain-loss theory
Bogus pipeline
49. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Role
Groupthink
Bogus pipeline
Reactance
50. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Sociotechnical systems
James Stoner
Prisoner'S dilemma
Illusory correlation