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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Barrier (life space)
Stuart Valins
Oversimplification
Self-monitoring
2. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Philip Zimbardo
Hawthorne effect
Daryl Bem
Morton Deutsch
3. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Philip Zimbardo
Valence (life space)
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Actor-observer attributional divergence
4. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Robert Zajonc
Social loafing
Richard Nisbett
Availability heuristic
5. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Hawthorne effect
Mere-exposure effect
Objective self-awareness
Peter principle
6. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Attitude
Balance theory
Harold Kelley
Lee Ross
7. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
Leon Festinger
doll preference studies
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Halo effect
8. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Slippery slope
Inoculation theory
Halo effect
Acceptance
9. Elaboration likelihood model
Irving Janis
Attraction (in order of importance)
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Availability heuristic
10. Person who speaks out against majority
Oversimplification
Dissenter
Mere-exposure effect
Reciprocal socialization
11. Inoculation theory
Hazel Markus
McGuire
Halo effect
Social support network
12. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
bystander effect
Fritz Heider
Groupthink
deindividuation
13. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Social facilitation
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Richard Nisbett
Barrier (life space)
14. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Impression management
Robbers' cave experiment
Self-presentation
15. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Mere-exposure effect
Stanley Milgram
Reciprocity of disclosure
Attribution theory
16. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Richard Nisbett
Self-monitoring
Peter principle
Acceptance
17. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Illusion of control
bystander effect
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Reciprocal interaction
18. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Bogus pipeline
Stimulus-overload theory
Acceptance
Sleeper effect
19. Attribution theory - balance theory
Inoculation theory
Irving Janis
Fritz Heider
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
20. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Reactance
False consensus bias
Base-rate fallacy
Ingroup/outgroup bias
21. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Just world bias
M.J.Lerner
M. Rokeach
Social loafing
22. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Social facilitation
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Walter Dill Scott
Slippery slope
23. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Pluralistic ignorance
Equity theory
Representativeness heuristic
24. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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25. Just world bias
competition
Ellen Langer
M.J.Lerner
Impression management
26. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -
Kurt Lewin
Hazel Markus
Conformity (types)
Norman Triplett
27. Cognitive dissonance theory
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Leon Festinger
Barrier (life space)
M. Rokeach
28. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Reactance
Norman Triplett
Base-rate fallacy
Peter principle
29. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Self-presentation
Lee Ross
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Base-rate fallacy
30. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do
Illusion of control
Richard Nisbett
Overjustification effect
Sunk cost
31. Illusion of control
Field theory
Reciprocity of disclosure
False consensus bias
Ellen Langer
32. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Bogus pipeline
Representativeness heuristic
Sociotechnical systems
Excitation-transfer theory
33. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Attitude
False consensus bias
Daryl Bem
Illusion of control
34. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
McGuire
Elaine Hatfield
Hawthorne effect
Sunk cost
35. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Self-serving attributional bias
Leonard Berkowitz
Mere-exposure effect
Stanley MIlgram (study)
36. Self-perception theory
Daryl Bem
Hawthorne effect
Muzafer Sherif
Henry Landsberger
37. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Social comparison
Lee Ross
Sunk cost
Dissenter
38. Hawthorne effect
Illusory correlation
Muzafer Sherif
Henry Landsberger
Passionate love
39. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
Hawthorne effect
Role
Hindsight bias
McGuire
40. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Social facilitation
doll preference studies
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Social loafing
41. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Philip Zimbardo
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Acceptance
Slippery slope
42. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Paul Ekman
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Stuart Valins
Stimulus-overload theory
43. Groupthink
Trucking company game
Irving Janis
Gain-loss theory
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
44. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Inoculation theory
bystander effect
Henry Landsberger
45. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style
Morton Deutsch
Stuart Valins
Elaine Hatfield
Life space
46. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
diffusion of responsibility
Sociotechnical systems
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Reciprocal interaction
47. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Life space
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Hindsight bias
48. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Robert Zajonc
Kurt Lewin
Role
49. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
Door-in-the-face
Role
Self-monitoring
Oversimplification
50. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Philip Zimbardo
Equity theory
Barrier (life space)
J. Rodin and E. Langer
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