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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






2. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






3. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






4. Assuming most other people think as you do






5. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






6. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






7. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






8. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






9. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






10. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






11. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






12. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






13. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






14. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






15. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






16. Group polarization






17. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






18. Person who speaks out against majority






19. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






20. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






21. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






22. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






23. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






24. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






25. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






26. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






27. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






28. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






29. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






30. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






31. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






32. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






33. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






34. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






35. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






36. Theory of reasoned action






37. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






38. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






39. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






40. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






41. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






42. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






43. Doll preference studies






44. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






45. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






46. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






47. Groupthink






48. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






49. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






50. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression