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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attribution theory - balance theory






2. Theory of reasoned action






3. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






4. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






5. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






6. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






7. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






8. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






9. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






10. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






11. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






12. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






13. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






14. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






15. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






16. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






17. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






18. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






19. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






20. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






21. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






22. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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23. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






24. The total influences upon individual behavior






25. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






26. Cognitive dissonance theory






27. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






28. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






29. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






30. Just world bias






31. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






32. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






33. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






34. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






35. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






36. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






37. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






38. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






39. Groups take greater risks than individuals






40. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






41. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






42. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






43. Groupthink






44. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






45. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






46. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






47. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






48. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






49. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






50. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer