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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The total influences upon individual behavior






2. Groupthink






3. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






4. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






5. Theory of reasoned action






6. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






7. Cognitive dissonance theory






8. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






9. Hawthorne effect






10. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






11. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






12. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






13. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






14. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






15. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






16. Just world bias






17. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






18. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






19. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






20. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






21. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






22. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






23. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






24. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






25. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






26. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






27. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






28. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






29. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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30. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






31. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






32. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






33. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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34. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






35. Group polarization






36. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






37. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






38. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






39. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






40. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






41. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






42. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






43. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






44. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






45. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






46. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






47. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






48. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






49. Doll preference studies






50. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance







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