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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






2. Theory of reasoned action






3. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






4. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






5. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






6. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






7. Inoculation theory






8. Elaboration likelihood model






9. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






10. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






11. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






12. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






13. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






14. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






15. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






16. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






17. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






18. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






19. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






20. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






21. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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22. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






23. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






24. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






25. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






26. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






27. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






28. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






29. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






30. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






31. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






32. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






33. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






34. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






35. Attribution theory - balance theory






36. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






37. Cognitive dissonance theory






38. Person who speaks out against majority






39. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






40. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






41. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






42. The total influences upon individual behavior






43. Groups take greater risks than individuals






44. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






45. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






46. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






47. Groupthink






48. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






49. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






50. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable