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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Social Psychology
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Gain-loss theory
Attraction (in order of importance)
2. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Group polarization
Leonard Berkowitz
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Oversimplification
3. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Reciprocal socialization
Oversimplification
Peter principle
elaboration likelihood model
4. Group polarization
Leonard Berkowitz
Hawthorne effect
James Stoner
Attribution theory
5. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
Groupthink
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Reciprocal interaction
Stanley Milgram
6. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Vector (life space)
Passionate love
Halo effect
7. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Richard Lazarus
Stimulus-overload theory
Acceptance
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
8. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Impression management
Harold Kelley
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Self-serving attributional bias
9. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Reciprocity of disclosure
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Field theory
elaboration likelihood model
10. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Bogus pipeline
Door-in-the-face
Reciprocity of disclosure
Trucking company game
11. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Social exchange theory
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Attribution theory
Compassionate love
12. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Passionate love
Risky shift
Reciprocity of disclosure
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
13. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Elaine Hatfield
Attraction (in order of importance)
Richard Nisbett
14. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Sociotechnical systems
Base-rate fallacy
Vector (life space)
Hindsight bias
15. Just world bias
Valence (life space)
Robbers' cave experiment
Acceptance
M.J.Lerner
16. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Life space
Bogus pipeline
Representativeness heuristic
Daryl Bem
17. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Social facilitation
Representativeness heuristic
Illusion of control
Illusory correlation
18. Inoculation theory
bystander effect
Stuart Valins
Reciprocity of disclosure
McGuire
19. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Peter principle
Reciprocal interaction
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Barrier (life space)
20. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
deindividuation
Walter Dill Scott
Sleeper effect
Attribution theory
21. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Reciprocal socialization
bystander effect
Attitude
M. Rokeach
22. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Conformity (types)
Social Psychology
Fritz Heider
Inoculation theory
23. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
Self-serving attributional bias
Attitude
Excitation-transfer theory
Richard Lazarus
24. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Paul Ekman
Walter Dill Scott
Self-serving attributional bias
Excitation-transfer theory
25. Illusion of control
Passionate love
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Ellen Langer
26. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Mere-exposure effect
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Social facilitation
27. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
Sunk cost
diffusion of responsibility
Henry Landsberger
Harold Kelley
28. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Norman Triplett
Attitude
Acceptance
Muzafer Sherif
29. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
elaboration likelihood model
Groupthink
Reciprocal interaction
Actor-observer attributional divergence
30. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Cognitive dissonance theory
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Richard Lazarus
31. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Group polarization
Oversimplification
Attraction (in order of importance)
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
32. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Acceptance
Contact (Groups)
Self-presentation
Trucking company game
33. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
bystander effect
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Prisoner'S dilemma
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
34. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
doll preference studies
Risky shift
Irving Janis
Just world bias
35. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Muzafer Sherif
Field theory
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Reciprocal socialization
36. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding
Stanley Milgram
Oversimplification
Paul Ekman
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
37. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Balance theory
diffusion of responsibility
Philip Zimbardo
Groupthink
38. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Mere-exposure effect
Role
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
39. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Reciprocity of disclosure
Objective self-awareness
Muzafer Sherif
Henry Landsberger
40. Self-perception theory
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Bogus pipeline
doll preference studies
Daryl Bem
41. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Sleeper effect
Risky shift
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Leon Festinger
42. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Gain-loss theory
Walter Dill Scott
James Stoner
Attitude
43. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
Equity theory
Elaine Hatfield
Prisoner'S dilemma
Illusory correlation
44. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Philip Zimbardo
Social support network
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
45. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Equity theory
Availability heuristic
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Stanley MIlgram (study)
46. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
diffusion of responsibility
Sociotechnical systems
McGuire
Life space
47. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential
False consensus bias
Norman Triplett
Solomon Asch
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
48. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Peter principle
Irving Janis
Norman Triplett
Elaine Hatfield
49. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Morton Deutsch
Kurt Lewin
Social Psychology
competition
50. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Vector (life space)
Dissenter
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Cognitive dissonance theory