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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attribution theory - balance theory
Sleeper effect
Fritz Heider
Reciprocity of disclosure
Barrier (life space)
2. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Oversimplification
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Trucking company game
Walter Dill Scott
3. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Reciprocal interaction
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Irving Janis
Excitation-transfer theory
4. Person who speaks out against majority
Dissenter
Just world bias
Reactance
Excitation-transfer theory
5. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Barrier (life space)
Trucking company game
Self-monitoring
Leonard Berkowitz
6. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Contact (Groups)
Self-monitoring
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Norman Triplett
7. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Inoculation theory
Leonard Berkowitz
Illusory correlation
Slippery slope
8. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
competition
Lee Ross
Gain-loss theory
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
9. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness
Contact (Groups)
Role
Reciprocity of disclosure
Attribution theory
10. Illusion of control
Norman Triplett
Reciprocity of disclosure
Muzafer Sherif
Ellen Langer
11. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Self-serving attributional bias
Henry Landsberger
Barrier (life space)
Equity theory
12. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Robbers' cave experiment
Group polarization
Self-presentation
Reciprocal interaction
13. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Norman Triplett
Sunk cost
Stanley Milgram
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
14. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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15. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Objective self-awareness
Leonard Berkowitz
Attraction (in order of importance)
Richard Lazarus
16. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Slippery slope
Leon Festinger
McGuire
Excitation-transfer theory
17. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Hawthorne effect
Overjustification effect
diffusion of responsibility
18. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Morton Deutsch
Hawthorne effect
Role
Inoculation theory
19. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Cognitive dissonance theory
Valence (life space)
McGuire
Mere-exposure effect
20. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Reciprocity of disclosure
Self-monitoring
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Trucking company game
21. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Henry Landsberger
Social exchange theory
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Compassionate love
22. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
Reciprocal socialization
Reciprocal interaction
competition
Impression management
23. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Social exchange theory
Philip Zimbardo
Self-perception theory
Equity theory
24. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
Irving Janis
Leonard Berkowitz
Role
Field theory
25. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Group polarization
diffusion of responsibility
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Solomon Asch
26. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
elaboration likelihood model
Fritz Heider
Attraction (in order of importance)
Hawthorne effect
27. Elaboration likelihood model
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Self-monitoring
Sleeper effect
Risky shift
28. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Social Psychology
Pluralistic ignorance
Conformity (types)
Self-fulfilling prophecy
29. Hawthorne effect
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Reciprocal socialization
Henry Landsberger
30. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Reciprocity of disclosure
Reciprocal socialization
Oversimplification
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
31. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Self-perception theory
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Illusory correlation
Base-rate fallacy
32. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Base-rate fallacy
competition
Groupthink
Social exchange theory
33. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Stuart Valins
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Oversimplification
34. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Social comparison
Prisoner'S dilemma
Availability heuristic
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
35. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Excitation-transfer theory
Group polarization
Hawthorne effect
Door-in-the-face
36. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Social facilitation
Kurt Lewin
Base-rate fallacy
Gain-loss theory
37. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Contact (Groups)
Attraction (in order of importance)
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Reciprocity of disclosure
38. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Attribution theory
Pluralistic ignorance
Mere-exposure effect
Gain-loss theory
39. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Kurt Lewin
Compliance
Philip Zimbardo
Morton Deutsch
40. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
Compassionate love
Social support network
Just world bias
doll preference studies
41. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Illusion of control
Passionate love
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Norman Triplett
42. Doll preference studies
Inoculation theory
Stanley Milgram
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Stuart Valins
43. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Conformity (types)
Availability heuristic
Prisoner'S dilemma
Daryl Bem
44. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
James Stoner
Prisoner'S dilemma
Reactance
Representativeness heuristic
45. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Life space
Overjustification effect
Muzafer Sherif
Attribution theory
46. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Illusion of control
Conformity (types)
Compassionate love
Leon Festinger
47. Cognitive dissonance theory
Leon Festinger
Passionate love
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Philip Zimbardo
48. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Conformity (types)
bystander effect
Halo effect
Mere-exposure effect
49. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Impression management
Richard Nisbett
Leon Festinger
Compassionate love
50. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
M. Rokeach
Kurt Lewin
Barrier (life space)
Social Psychology