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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attribution theory - balance theory






2. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






3. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






4. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






5. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






6. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






7. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






8. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






9. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






10. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






11. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






12. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






13. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






14. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






15. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






16. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






17. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






18. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






19. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






20. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






21. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






22. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






23. Group polarization






24. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






25. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






26. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






27. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






28. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






29. Hawthorne effect






30. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






31. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






32. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






33. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






34. Cognitive dissonance theory






35. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






36. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






37. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






38. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






39. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






40. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






41. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






42. Doll preference studies






43. Illusion of control






44. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






45. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






46. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






47. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






48. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






49. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






50. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability