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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






2. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






3. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






4. Inoculation theory






5. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






6. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






7. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






8. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






9. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






10. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






11. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






12. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






13. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






14. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






15. Person who speaks out against majority






16. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






17. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






18. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






19. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






20. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






21. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






22. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






23. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






24. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






25. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






26. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






27. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






28. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






29. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






30. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






31. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






32. Elaboration likelihood model






33. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






34. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






35. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






36. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






37. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






38. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






39. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






40. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






41. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






42. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






43. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






44. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






45. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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46. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






47. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






48. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






49. Cognitive dissonance theory






50. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it