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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






2. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






3. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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4. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






5. Self-perception theory






6. Inoculation theory






7. Hawthorne effect






8. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






9. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






10. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






11. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






12. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






13. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






14. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






15. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






16. Illusion of control






17. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






18. Person who speaks out against majority






19. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






20. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






21. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






22. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






23. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






24. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






25. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






26. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






27. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






28. Cognitive dissonance theory






29. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






30. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






31. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






32. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






33. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






34. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






35. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






36. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






37. The total influences upon individual behavior






38. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






39. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






40. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






41. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






42. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






43. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






44. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






45. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






46. Assuming most other people think as you do






47. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






48. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






49. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






50. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object