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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Social exchange theory
Harold Kelley
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Self-monitoring
2. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Morton Deutsch
Inoculation theory
Social support network
Robbers' cave experiment
3. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Life space
Attraction (in order of importance)
Barrier (life space)
bystander effect
4. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Overjustification effect
Leonard Berkowitz
Robert Zajonc
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
5. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Trucking company game
Sunk cost
Groupthink
Stanley Milgram
6. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Oversimplification
Richard Nisbett
Illusory correlation
Self-fulfilling prophecy
7. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Attitude
Role
Vector (life space)
M. Rokeach
8. Groupthink
Irving Janis
Reactance
Slippery slope
McGuire
9. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Social exchange theory
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Barrier (life space)
10. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Leonard Berkowitz
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Ingroup/outgroup bias
11. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Slippery slope
Dissenter
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Representativeness heuristic
12. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Attraction (in order of importance)
Philip Zimbardo
Risky shift
Sunk cost
13. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
competition
Oversimplification
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
14. Theory of reasoned action
Norman Triplett
Impression management
Reactance
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
15. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Vector (life space)
False consensus bias
Leon Festinger
Self-presentation
16. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Reciprocal interaction
Hazel Markus
M.J.Lerner
17. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Henry Landsberger
Reciprocal interaction
Self-serving attributional bias
Slippery slope
18. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Pluralistic ignorance
Sociotechnical systems
Overjustification effect
Conformity (types)
19. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
deindividuation
Social comparison
Pluralistic ignorance
Role
20. Person who speaks out against majority
Hawthorne effect
Norman Triplett
Dissenter
Walter Dill Scott
21. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Hawthorne effect
Robert Zajonc
Social Psychology
Muzafer Sherif
22. Illusion of control
Ellen Langer
Bogus pipeline
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Base-rate fallacy
23. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
deindividuation
Slippery slope
Sociotechnical systems
Richard Nisbett
24. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
doll preference studies
Group polarization
Passionate love
Morton Deutsch
25. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Prisoner'S dilemma
Contact (Groups)
Paul Ekman
Life space
26. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Reciprocity of disclosure
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Oversimplification
Gain-loss theory
27. Attribution theory - balance theory
Sunk cost
Fritz Heider
Compassionate love
bystander effect
28. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Actor-observer attributional divergence
M. Rokeach
Bogus pipeline
Social comparison
29. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
M.J.Lerner
Compassionate love
Social comparison
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
30. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Representativeness heuristic
Sleeper effect
Prisoner'S dilemma
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
31. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Social loafing
bystander effect
M.J.Lerner
Self-serving attributional bias
32. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Richard Nisbett
Leonard Berkowitz
Philip Zimbardo
James Stoner
33. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Compliance
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Door-in-the-face
Social Psychology
34. Cognitive dissonance theory
Leon Festinger
Peter principle
Inoculation theory
Philip Zimbardo
35. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Social facilitation
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Walter Dill Scott
Reciprocity of disclosure
36. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Muzafer Sherif
Stimulus-overload theory
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Henry Landsberger
37. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Illusory correlation
Slippery slope
Hawthorne effect
diffusion of responsibility
38. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
Illusory correlation
Halo effect
Equity theory
Social facilitation
39. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Cognitive dissonance theory
Field theory
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Objective self-awareness
40. Assuming most other people think as you do
False consensus bias
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Richard Nisbett
Robbers' cave experiment
41. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Bogus pipeline
Attitude
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Harold Kelley
42. Elaboration likelihood model
Irving Janis
doll preference studies
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Walter Dill Scott
43. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Walter Dill Scott
Mere-exposure effect
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Social facilitation
44. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Compliance
Harold Kelley
Life space
Hawthorne effect
45. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Vector (life space)
Illusion of control
Stanley Milgram
Richard Lazarus
46. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Compassionate love
Hawthorne effect
Robert Zajonc
Dissenter
47. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Compassionate love
Social facilitation
McGuire
Peter principle
48. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Hawthorne effect
Norman Triplett
Hazel Markus
Compliance
49. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Passionate love
Solomon Asch
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
50. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Slippery slope
Harold Kelley
Excitation-transfer theory
Contact (Groups)
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