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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






2. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






3. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






4. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






5. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






6. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






7. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






8. Attribution theory - balance theory






9. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






10. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






11. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






12. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






13. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






14. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






15. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






16. Just world bias






17. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






18. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






19. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






20. Illusion of control






21. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






22. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






23. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






24. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






25. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






26. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






27. Groupthink






28. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






29. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






30. Assuming most other people think as you do






31. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






32. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






33. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






34. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






35. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






36. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






37. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






38. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






39. Doll preference studies






40. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






41. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






42. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






43. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






44. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






45. Group polarization






46. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






47. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






48. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






49. Person who speaks out against majority






50. Cognitive dissonance theory