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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






2. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






3. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






4. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






5. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






6. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






7. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






8. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






9. Illusion of control






10. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






11. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






12. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






13. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






14. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






15. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






16. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






17. Self-perception theory






18. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






19. Assuming most other people think as you do






20. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






21. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






22. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






23. Person who speaks out against majority






24. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






25. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






26. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






27. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






28. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






29. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






30. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






31. Just world bias






32. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






33. Inoculation theory






34. The total influences upon individual behavior






35. Groups take greater risks than individuals






36. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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37. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






38. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






39. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






40. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






41. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






42. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






43. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






44. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






45. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






46. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






47. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






48. Attribution theory - balance theory






49. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






50. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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