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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






2. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






3. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






4. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






5. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






6. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






7. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






8. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






9. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






10. Attribution theory - balance theory






11. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






12. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






13. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






14. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game


15. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






16. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






17. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






18. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






19. Self-perception theory






20. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






21. Illusion of control






22. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






23. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






24. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






25. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






26. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






27. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






28. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






29. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






30. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






31. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






32. Hawthorne effect






33. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






34. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






35. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






36. Groups take greater risks than individuals






37. Theory of reasoned action






38. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






39. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






40. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






41. Cognitive dissonance theory






42. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






43. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






44. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






45. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






46. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






47. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






48. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






49. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






50. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations