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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Just world bias






2. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






3. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






4. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






5. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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6. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






7. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






8. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






9. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






10. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






11. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






12. Group polarization






13. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






14. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






15. Theory of reasoned action






16. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






17. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






18. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






19. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






20. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






21. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






22. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






23. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






24. Groups take greater risks than individuals






25. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






26. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






27. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






28. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






29. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






30. Inoculation theory






31. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






32. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






33. Cognitive dissonance theory






34. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






35. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






36. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






37. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






38. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






39. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






40. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






41. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






42. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






43. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






44. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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45. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






46. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






47. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






48. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






49. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






50. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger