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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






2. Assuming most other people think as you do






3. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






4. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






5. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






6. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






7. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






8. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






9. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






10. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






11. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






12. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






13. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






14. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






15. Just world bias






16. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






17. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






18. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






19. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






20. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






21. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






22. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






23. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






24. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






25. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






26. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






27. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






28. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






29. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






30. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






31. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






32. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






33. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






34. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






35. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






36. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






37. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






38. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






39. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






40. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






41. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






42. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






43. Doll preference studies






44. Elaboration likelihood model






45. Attribution theory - balance theory






46. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






47. Groups take greater risks than individuals






48. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






49. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






50. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better