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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






2. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






3. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






4. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






5. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






6. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






7. Self-perception theory






8. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






9. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






10. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






11. Cognitive dissonance theory






12. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






13. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






14. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






15. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






16. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






17. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






18. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






19. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






20. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






21. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






22. Person who speaks out against majority






23. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






24. Doll preference studies






25. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






26. Just world bias






27. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






28. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






29. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






30. Groups take greater risks than individuals






31. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






32. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






33. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






34. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






35. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






36. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






37. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






38. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






39. Inoculation theory






40. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






41. Group polarization






42. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






43. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






44. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






45. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






46. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






47. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






48. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






49. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






50. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love