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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






2. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






3. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






4. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






5. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






6. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






7. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






8. Attribution theory - balance theory






9. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






10. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






11. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






12. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






13. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






14. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






15. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






16. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






17. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






18. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






19. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






20. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






21. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






22. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






23. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






24. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






25. Hawthorne effect






26. Inoculation theory






27. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






28. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






29. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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30. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






31. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






32. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






33. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






34. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






35. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






36. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






37. Group polarization






38. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






39. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






40. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






41. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






42. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






43. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






44. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






45. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






46. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






47. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






48. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






49. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






50. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed