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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






2. Cognitive dissonance theory






3. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






4. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






5. Assuming most other people think as you do






6. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






7. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






8. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






9. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






10. Elaboration likelihood model






11. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






12. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






13. Group polarization






14. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






15. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






16. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






17. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






18. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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19. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






20. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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21. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






22. Attribution theory - balance theory






23. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






24. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






25. Groupthink






26. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






27. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






28. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






29. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






30. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






31. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






32. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






33. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






34. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






35. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






36. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






37. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






38. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






39. Hawthorne effect






40. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






41. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






42. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






43. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






44. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






45. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






46. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






47. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






48. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






49. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






50. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice