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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






2. Illusion of control






3. Just world bias






4. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






5. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






6. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






7. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






8. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






9. Groupthink






10. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






11. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






12. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






13. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






14. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






15. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






16. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






17. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






18. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






19. Groups take greater risks than individuals






20. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






21. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






22. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






23. Cognitive dissonance theory






24. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






25. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






26. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






27. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






28. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






29. Doll preference studies






30. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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31. Group polarization






32. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






33. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






34. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






35. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






36. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






37. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






38. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






39. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






40. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






41. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






42. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






43. Theory of reasoned action






44. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






45. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






46. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






47. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






48. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






49. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






50. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health