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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Attraction (in order of importance)
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Illusion of control
Ingroup/outgroup bias
2. Group polarization
Self-serving attributional bias
Actor-observer attributional divergence
James Stoner
Attribution theory
3. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Hazel Markus
Vector (life space)
Mere-exposure effect
Reciprocal socialization
4. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Self-monitoring
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Oversimplification
Impression management
5. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Vector (life space)
Compliance
Leonard Berkowitz
Lee Ross
6. Hawthorne effect
Social support network
Henry Landsberger
Illusion of control
Mere-exposure effect
7. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Walter Dill Scott
Base-rate fallacy
Door-in-the-face
Ingroup/outgroup bias
8. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Life space
Risky shift
Leon Festinger
Solomon Asch
9. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Field theory
Stuart Valins
elaboration likelihood model
Availability heuristic
10. Groupthink
Irving Janis
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Harold Kelley
J. Rodin and E. Langer
11. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Stimulus-overload theory
Social facilitation
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Groupthink
12. Person who speaks out against majority
Cognitive dissonance theory
Objective self-awareness
Overjustification effect
Dissenter
13. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style
Overjustification effect
Trucking company game
Stuart Valins
doll preference studies
14. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Richard Nisbett
Attitude
Social comparison
Illusory correlation
15. Doll preference studies
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Social comparison
Reciprocal socialization
Leonard Berkowitz
16. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Kurt Lewin
Muzafer Sherif
doll preference studies
17. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Norman Triplett
Dissenter
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Stanley Milgram
18. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Pluralistic ignorance
Attribution theory
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Groupthink
19. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Morton Deutsch
Philip Zimbardo
Compliance
Stimulus-overload theory
20. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Stimulus-overload theory
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Gain-loss theory
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
21. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
Overjustification effect
M. Rokeach
Attitude
Richard Lazarus
22. Assuming most other people think as you do
Self-perception theory
False consensus bias
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Representativeness heuristic
23. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Sunk cost
Robbers' cave experiment
Social exchange theory
Illusory correlation
24. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
diffusion of responsibility
Role
deindividuation
Objective self-awareness
25. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Social Psychology
False consensus bias
Barrier (life space)
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
26. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
Social Psychology
Bogus pipeline
Just world bias
Life space
27. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Base-rate fallacy
Norman Triplett
Social comparison
Morton Deutsch
28. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Richard Lazarus
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
bystander effect
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
29. Attribution theory - balance theory
Henry Landsberger
Impression management
Fritz Heider
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
30. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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31. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Valence (life space)
Vector (life space)
Hindsight bias
32. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Richard Nisbett
Robbers' cave experiment
Stuart Valins
Peter principle
33. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Reciprocal socialization
Social Psychology
Actor-observer attributional divergence
34. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Peter principle
Prisoner'S dilemma
Hawthorne effect
Risky shift
35. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Social exchange theory
Stimulus-overload theory
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
False consensus bias
36. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Richard Lazarus
Door-in-the-face
Life space
Representativeness heuristic
37. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Self-perception theory
Social loafing
Balance theory
Paul Ekman
38. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Self-presentation
Daryl Bem
Passionate love
39. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Self-presentation
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Social comparison
Harold Kelley
40. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Vector (life space)
Self-serving attributional bias
Gain-loss theory
Robbers' cave experiment
41. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
doll preference studies
Risky shift
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Life space
42. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Social comparison
Inoculation theory
Objective self-awareness
Acceptance
43. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Bogus pipeline
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Overjustification effect
Pluralistic ignorance
44. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Richard Nisbett
Paul Ekman
Lee Ross
Just world bias
45. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Reciprocal socialization
Social Psychology
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
James Stoner
46. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Illusory correlation
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Field theory
Reciprocal interaction
47. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Illusion of control
Base-rate fallacy
Elaine Hatfield
48. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Group polarization
deindividuation
Sociotechnical systems
diffusion of responsibility
49. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Stuart Valins
Philip Zimbardo
Peter principle
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
50. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Sociotechnical systems
Paul Ekman
Walter Dill Scott
Excitation-transfer theory