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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






2. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






3. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






4. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






5. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






6. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






7. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






8. Groupthink






9. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






10. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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11. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






12. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






13. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






14. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






15. Doll preference studies






16. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






17. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






18. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






19. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






20. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






21. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






22. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






23. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






24. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






25. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






26. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






27. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






28. Person who speaks out against majority






29. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






30. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






31. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






32. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






33. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






34. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






35. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






36. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






37. Inoculation theory






38. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






39. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






40. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






41. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






42. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






43. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






44. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






45. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






46. Attribution theory - balance theory






47. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






48. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






49. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






50. Self-perception theory







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