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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness
Reciprocity of disclosure
Slippery slope
Muzafer Sherif
Reciprocal socialization
2. Assuming most other people think as you do
Trucking company game
Stuart Valins
False consensus bias
Illusion of control
3. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Prisoner'S dilemma
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Richard Nisbett
J. Rodin and E. Langer
4. The total influences upon individual behavior
Ellen Langer
Field theory
Balance theory
Just world bias
5. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Balance theory
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Stuart Valins
Attitude
6. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Group polarization
Irving Janis
Leon Festinger
Impression management
7. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Groupthink
Peter principle
Illusion of control
Valence (life space)
8. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Richard Lazarus
Prisoner'S dilemma
False consensus bias
Social Psychology
9. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Conformity (types)
Acceptance
Groupthink
10. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Morton Deutsch
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
deindividuation
11. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Stuart Valins
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Social facilitation
Trucking company game
12. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Social support network
Conformity (types)
Acceptance
False consensus bias
13. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Lee Ross
Peter principle
Field theory
Stimulus-overload theory
14. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Availability heuristic
Group polarization
Elaine Hatfield
Trucking company game
15. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
Self-monitoring
Prisoner'S dilemma
Contact (Groups)
Stanley Milgram
16. Groupthink
Valence (life space)
Risky shift
Stuart Valins
Irving Janis
17. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
Availability heuristic
McGuire
Kurt Lewin
doll preference studies
18. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Mere-exposure effect
Field theory
M. Rokeach
19. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday
Self-perception theory
Norman Triplett
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Reactance
20. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Leonard Berkowitz
Inoculation theory
Base-rate fallacy
Illusory correlation
21. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Reciprocal interaction
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Self-serving attributional bias
Philip Zimbardo
22. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Inoculation theory
Gain-loss theory
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Illusion of control
23. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Robbers' cave experiment
Hazel Markus
Gain-loss theory
24. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Hazel Markus
competition
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Robert Zajonc
25. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Leonard Berkowitz
Stanley Milgram
Overjustification effect
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
26. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Barrier (life space)
deindividuation
Dissenter
Self-serving attributional bias
27. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Kurt Lewin
Life space
Reciprocal interaction
Slippery slope
28. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Self-presentation
Oversimplification
McGuire
Walter Dill Scott
29. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Henry Landsberger
Compliance
Peter principle
Solomon Asch
30. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding
Paul Ekman
Reciprocity of disclosure
Groupthink
Walter Dill Scott
31. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Attraction (in order of importance)
Stuart Valins
Base-rate fallacy
Paul Ekman
32. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
Role
Actor-observer attributional divergence
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Conformity (types)
33. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Sunk cost
Leon Festinger
Attraction (in order of importance)
Social facilitation
34. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Norman Triplett
Illusion of control
Halo effect
Elaine Hatfield
35. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Lee Ross
Dissenter
Peter principle
Attribution theory
36. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Attitude
Contact (Groups)
Hawthorne effect
37. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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38. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Self-serving attributional bias
Group polarization
Harold Kelley
39. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Conformity (types)
Role
Hindsight bias
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
40. Illusion of control
Pluralistic ignorance
Leonard Berkowitz
Ellen Langer
Reciprocity of disclosure
41. Group polarization
Mere-exposure effect
James Stoner
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Slippery slope
42. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Daryl Bem
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Representativeness heuristic
Walter Dill Scott
43. Hawthorne effect
elaboration likelihood model
Hawthorne effect
Henry Landsberger
Inoculation theory
44. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Kurt Lewin
Slippery slope
Muzafer Sherif
45. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Objective self-awareness
Kurt Lewin
Lee Ross
Life space
46. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Stimulus-overload theory
Just world bias
Overjustification effect
47. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
diffusion of responsibility
Just world bias
Overjustification effect
Stanley Milgram
48. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Philip Zimbardo
Excitation-transfer theory
49. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
Self-monitoring
Illusory correlation
Hindsight bias
Stanley Milgram
50. Elaboration likelihood model
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Hindsight bias
Social facilitation
Social exchange theory