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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






2. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






3. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






4. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






5. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






6. Assuming most other people think as you do






7. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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8. Theory of reasoned action






9. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






10. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






11. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






12. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






13. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






14. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






15. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






16. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






17. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






18. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






19. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






20. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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21. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






22. Groups take greater risks than individuals






23. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






24. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






25. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






26. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






27. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






28. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






29. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






30. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






31. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






32. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






33. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






34. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






35. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






36. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






37. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






38. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






39. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






40. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






41. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






42. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






43. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






44. The total influences upon individual behavior






45. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






46. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






47. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






48. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






49. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






50. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge