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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






2. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






3. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






4. Just world bias






5. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






6. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






7. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






8. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument


9. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






10. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






11. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






12. Elaboration likelihood model






13. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






14. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






15. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






16. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






17. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






18. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






19. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






20. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






21. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






22. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






23. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






24. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






25. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






26. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






27. Cognitive dissonance theory






28. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






29. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






30. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






31. Hawthorne effect






32. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






33. Illusion of control






34. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






35. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






36. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






37. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






38. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






39. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






40. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






41. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






42. Attribution theory - balance theory






43. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






44. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






45. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






46. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






47. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






48. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






49. The total influences upon individual behavior






50. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors