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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Attribution theory
Vector (life space)
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Social loafing
2. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
False consensus bias
Reactance
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Barrier (life space)
3. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Illusory correlation
Gain-loss theory
Availability heuristic
4. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Social exchange theory
Dissenter
Excitation-transfer theory
Sociotechnical systems
5. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
diffusion of responsibility
Richard Lazarus
Compassionate love
False consensus bias
6. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Reactance
McGuire
Illusory correlation
Equity theory
7. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Halo effect
Self-monitoring
Reciprocal interaction
Equity theory
8. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Just world bias
Group polarization
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Door-in-the-face
9. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Bogus pipeline
Objective self-awareness
Trucking company game
M. Rokeach
10. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
Attribution theory
Overjustification effect
Hindsight bias
Harold Kelley
11. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Social Psychology
Oversimplification
Stanley Milgram
Walter Dill Scott
12. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Attraction (in order of importance)
Norman Triplett
doll preference studies
Impression management
13. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Cognitive dissonance theory
Compliance
Vector (life space)
Prisoner'S dilemma
14. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Dissenter
Valence (life space)
Self-presentation
Robbers' cave experiment
15. Doll preference studies
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Illusory correlation
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Peter principle
16. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Henry Landsberger
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Sunk cost
17. Group polarization
James Stoner
competition
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Balance theory
18. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Inoculation theory
Groupthink
Stimulus-overload theory
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
19. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
diffusion of responsibility
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Norman Triplett
Compliance
20. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Stimulus-overload theory
Barrier (life space)
Walter Dill Scott
Social exchange theory
21. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Peter principle
Representativeness heuristic
Objective self-awareness
Kurt Lewin
22. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Paul Ekman
Philip Zimbardo
Attribution theory
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
23. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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24. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
deindividuation
Social facilitation
Contact (Groups)
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
25. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Social support network
Daryl Bem
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
M. Rokeach
26. Theory of reasoned action
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Cognitive dissonance theory
Hawthorne effect
Daryl Bem
27. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Illusory correlation
Fritz Heider
Peter principle
Hindsight bias
28. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Daryl Bem
Harold Kelley
Conformity (types)
Reciprocity of disclosure
29. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Muzafer Sherif
Philip Zimbardo
Peter principle
Self-serving attributional bias
30. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Elaine Hatfield
Valence (life space)
Balance theory
Self-presentation
31. Cognitive dissonance theory
Muzafer Sherif
Leon Festinger
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Slippery slope
32. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Hawthorne effect
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Reciprocal interaction
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
33. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Compliance
deindividuation
Compassionate love
J. Rodin and E. Langer
34. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Acceptance
Field theory
Hawthorne effect
Reciprocal interaction
35. Groupthink
Irving Janis
deindividuation
Group polarization
Lee Ross
36. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Self-perception theory
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Henry Landsberger
Self-fulfilling prophecy
37. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
Richard Lazarus
Illusion of control
Stuart Valins
Self-monitoring
38. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Availability heuristic
Social support network
Halo effect
Harold Kelley
39. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Dissenter
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Illusory correlation
Base-rate fallacy
40. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Kurt Lewin
elaboration likelihood model
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Halo effect
41. Inoculation theory
McGuire
False consensus bias
diffusion of responsibility
Groupthink
42. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Barrier (life space)
Availability heuristic
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
elaboration likelihood model
43. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Muzafer Sherif
Dissenter
Leon Festinger
Reciprocal interaction
44. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Daryl Bem
M.J.Lerner
Cognitive dissonance theory
45. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Slippery slope
Ellen Langer
Stuart Valins
Risky shift
46. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Impression management
Reciprocal interaction
Henry Landsberger
Stimulus-overload theory
47. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Gain-loss theory
Objective self-awareness
Compliance
Trucking company game
48. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Cognitive dissonance theory
Elaine Hatfield
Leonard Berkowitz
Compassionate love
49. Person who speaks out against majority
Oversimplification
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Dissenter
False consensus bias
50. Elaboration likelihood model
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Reciprocal socialization
James Stoner
Passionate love
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