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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






2. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






3. Illusion of control






4. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






5. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






6. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






7. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






8. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






9. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






10. Self-perception theory






11. Theory of reasoned action






12. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






13. Doll preference studies






14. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






15. Groupthink






16. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






17. Cognitive dissonance theory






18. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






19. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






20. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






21. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






22. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






23. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






24. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






25. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






26. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






27. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






28. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






29. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






30. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






31. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






32. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






33. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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34. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






35. Assuming most other people think as you do






36. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






37. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






38. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






39. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






40. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






41. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






42. Group polarization






43. Person who speaks out against majority






44. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






45. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






46. Attribution theory - balance theory






47. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






48. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






49. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






50. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming







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