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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






2. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






3. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






4. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






5. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






6. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






7. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






8. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






9. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






10. Groupthink






11. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






12. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






13. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






14. Groups take greater risks than individuals






15. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






16. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






17. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






18. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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19. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






20. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






21. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






22. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






23. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






24. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






25. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






26. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






27. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






28. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






29. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






30. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






31. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






32. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






33. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






34. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






35. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






36. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






37. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






38. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






39. Self-perception theory






40. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






41. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






42. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






43. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






44. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






45. Just world bias






46. Illusion of control






47. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






48. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






49. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






50. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer