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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






2. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






3. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






4. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






5. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






6. Inoculation theory






7. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






8. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






9. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






10. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






11. Theory of reasoned action






12. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






13. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






14. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






15. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






16. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






17. Hawthorne effect






18. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






19. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






20. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






21. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






22. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






23. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






24. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






25. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






26. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






27. Doll preference studies






28. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






29. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






30. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






31. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






32. Groupthink






33. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






34. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






35. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






36. The total influences upon individual behavior






37. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






38. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






39. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






40. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






41. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






42. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






43. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






44. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






45. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game


46. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






47. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






48. Groups take greater risks than individuals






49. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






50. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present