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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Vector (life space)
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Stimulus-overload theory
2. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Contact (Groups)
Leonard Berkowitz
Stuart Valins
Lee Ross
3. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Self-perception theory
elaboration likelihood model
Richard Nisbett
deindividuation
4. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Robert Zajonc
Norman Triplett
Gain-loss theory
Leon Festinger
5. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Life space
Conformity (types)
Self-perception theory
J. Rodin and E. Langer
6. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Social exchange theory
Groupthink
Self-presentation
Just world bias
7. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Oversimplification
Life space
doll preference studies
Philip Zimbardo
8. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Paul Ekman
Lee Ross
Oversimplification
Self-presentation
9. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Objective self-awareness
Richard Nisbett
Fritz Heider
Reciprocity of disclosure
10. Elaboration likelihood model
Balance theory
deindividuation
Trucking company game
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
11. Theory of reasoned action
Prisoner'S dilemma
Availability heuristic
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Stuart Valins
12. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
McGuire
Vector (life space)
Acceptance
Just world bias
13. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Social facilitation
Sociotechnical systems
Reciprocal interaction
Mere-exposure effect
14. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Groupthink
Sociotechnical systems
Objective self-awareness
Risky shift
15. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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16. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
Attraction (in order of importance)
diffusion of responsibility
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Passionate love
17. Hawthorne effect
Leon Festinger
Base-rate fallacy
Henry Landsberger
Norman Triplett
18. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
competition
diffusion of responsibility
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Excitation-transfer theory
19. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Hindsight bias
Robbers' cave experiment
Stuart Valins
Mere-exposure effect
20. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Base-rate fallacy
Vector (life space)
Irving Janis
21. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Illusion of control
Self-monitoring
Halo effect
Reciprocal socialization
22. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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23. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Ellen Langer
Sociotechnical systems
Kurt Lewin
McGuire
24. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Sunk cost
Valence (life space)
Philip Zimbardo
Prisoner'S dilemma
25. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Acceptance
Excitation-transfer theory
deindividuation
Attitude
26. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups
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27. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do
Overjustification effect
Henry Landsberger
Robert Zajonc
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
28. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Base-rate fallacy
Social support network
Daryl Bem
Morton Deutsch
29. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Social Psychology
M. Rokeach
Trucking company game
Social facilitation
30. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Balance theory
Peter principle
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Sleeper effect
31. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Kurt Lewin
Valence (life space)
Inoculation theory
Trucking company game
32. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Slippery slope
competition
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Lee Ross
33. Cognitive dissonance theory
Muzafer Sherif
Kurt Lewin
Robert Zajonc
Leon Festinger
34. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Henry Landsberger
Excitation-transfer theory
Barrier (life space)
Reactance
35. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Morton Deutsch
Norman Triplett
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Attribution theory
36. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
Mere-exposure effect
competition
Trucking company game
deindividuation
37. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Paul Ekman
False consensus bias
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Muzafer Sherif
38. Groupthink
Attraction (in order of importance)
Attitude
Self-presentation
Irving Janis
39. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Reciprocal interaction
Social exchange theory
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Lee Ross
40. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Hazel Markus
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Social comparison
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
41. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Just world bias
Social support network
Pluralistic ignorance
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
42. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Overjustification effect
Harold Kelley
Philip Zimbardo
Walter Dill Scott
43. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Availability heuristic
Contact (Groups)
44. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Conformity (types)
Hindsight bias
Elaine Hatfield
Groupthink
45. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Availability heuristic
Social Psychology
Base-rate fallacy
Sleeper effect
46. Self-perception theory
competition
Daryl Bem
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Slippery slope
47. Illusion of control
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Ellen Langer
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Henry Landsberger
48. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
Richard Lazarus
Barrier (life space)
Impression management
Valence (life space)
49. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Prisoner'S dilemma
Reciprocal socialization
James Stoner
bystander effect
50. Assuming most other people think as you do
Pluralistic ignorance
Actor-observer attributional divergence
False consensus bias
Norman Triplett