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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Slippery slope
Groupthink
Social loafing
2. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Lee Ross
Mere-exposure effect
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Attitude
3. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Acceptance
deindividuation
Compassionate love
Stanley Milgram
4. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Sociotechnical systems
Door-in-the-face
Field theory
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
5. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Walter Dill Scott
Sociotechnical systems
Group polarization
Inoculation theory
6. Attribution theory - balance theory
Hawthorne effect
Stanley Milgram
competition
Fritz Heider
7. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Reactance
Self-perception theory
Self-monitoring
Illusory correlation
8. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
elaboration likelihood model
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Bogus pipeline
Representativeness heuristic
9. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Stanley Milgram
Hawthorne effect
Self-fulfilling prophecy
10. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Social comparison
Hawthorne effect
Sunk cost
11. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Self-serving attributional bias
Gain-loss theory
Role
Ingroup/outgroup bias
12. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Illusory correlation
Excitation-transfer theory
Social facilitation
Solomon Asch
13. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday
Self-perception theory
Social loafing
Conformity (types)
Gain-loss theory
14. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Dissenter
Attitude
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
15. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Mere-exposure effect
Kurt Lewin
Compassionate love
Norman Triplett
16. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Impression management
Norman Triplett
Barrier (life space)
Fritz Heider
17. Person who speaks out against majority
Inoculation theory
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Dissenter
Solomon Asch
18. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Leonard Berkowitz
elaboration likelihood model
Self-serving attributional bias
Dissenter
19. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Attitude
Impression management
Representativeness heuristic
Sleeper effect
20. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Illusion of control
Contact (Groups)
Attitude
Inoculation theory
21. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Solomon Asch
bystander effect
Mere-exposure effect
Sunk cost
22. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Objective self-awareness
Balance theory
Compassionate love
Conformity (types)
23. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Role
Stimulus-overload theory
Social support network
Attitude
24. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Barrier (life space)
False consensus bias
Balance theory
Compliance
25. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Social loafing
26. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Valence (life space)
Attitude
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
27. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Pluralistic ignorance
Compassionate love
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Kurt Lewin
28. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Acceptance
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
29. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Reactance
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Overjustification effect
Door-in-the-face
30. Cognitive dissonance theory
Attribution theory
Prisoner'S dilemma
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Leon Festinger
31. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Stanley MIlgram (study)
M. Rokeach
Barrier (life space)
32. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Morton Deutsch
Availability heuristic
Walter Dill Scott
Attribution theory
33. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Attribution theory
diffusion of responsibility
bystander effect
Self-serving attributional bias
34. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Hazel Markus
Elaine Hatfield
M. Rokeach
diffusion of responsibility
35. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Pluralistic ignorance
Barrier (life space)
Walter Dill Scott
Oversimplification
36. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Cognitive dissonance theory
Attribution theory
Valence (life space)
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
37. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Trucking company game
Objective self-awareness
Illusory correlation
Prisoner'S dilemma
38. Illusion of control
Ellen Langer
Irving Janis
Lee Ross
Life space
39. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Social facilitation
Reciprocal interaction
Self-presentation
deindividuation
40. Self-perception theory
Daryl Bem
Social comparison
bystander effect
Fritz Heider
41. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Fritz Heider
Illusion of control
Compliance
Kurt Lewin
42. Inoculation theory
Elaine Hatfield
McGuire
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Impression management
43. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Social Psychology
Excitation-transfer theory
Robbers' cave experiment
Hazel Markus
44. Groupthink
Irving Janis
Harold Kelley
Overjustification effect
Leon Festinger
45. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Leon Festinger
Social support network
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Norman Triplett
46. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Stimulus-overload theory
Harold Kelley
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Prisoner'S dilemma
47. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Sleeper effect
Excitation-transfer theory
Objective self-awareness
Social facilitation
48. The total influences upon individual behavior
Self-perception theory
Peter principle
Field theory
Walter Dill Scott
49. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Peter principle
Walter Dill Scott
Hawthorne effect
Cognitive dissonance theory
50. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Social exchange theory
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Peter principle