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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Group polarization






2. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






3. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






4. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






5. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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6. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






7. Elaboration likelihood model






8. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






9. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






10. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






11. Cognitive dissonance theory






12. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






13. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






14. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






15. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






16. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






17. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






18. The total influences upon individual behavior






19. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






20. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






21. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






22. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






23. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






24. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






25. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






26. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






27. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






28. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






29. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






30. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






31. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






32. Groups take greater risks than individuals






33. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






34. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






35. Theory of reasoned action






36. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






37. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






38. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






39. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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40. Groupthink






41. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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42. Hawthorne effect






43. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






44. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






45. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






46. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






47. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






48. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






49. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






50. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others