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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






2. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






3. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






4. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






5. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






6. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






7. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






8. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






9. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






10. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






11. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






12. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






13. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






14. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






15. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






16. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






17. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






18. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






19. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






20. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






21. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






22. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






23. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






24. Group polarization






25. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






26. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






27. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






28. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






29. Groupthink






30. Cognitive dissonance theory






31. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






32. Doll preference studies






33. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






34. Just world bias






35. Inoculation theory






36. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






37. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






38. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






39. The total influences upon individual behavior






40. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






41. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






42. Illusion of control






43. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






44. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






45. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






46. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






47. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






48. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






49. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






50. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health