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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






2. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






3. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






4. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






5. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






6. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






7. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






8. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






9. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






10. Cognitive dissonance theory






11. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






12. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






13. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






14. Groups take greater risks than individuals






15. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






16. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






17. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






18. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






19. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






20. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






21. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






22. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






23. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






24. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






25. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






26. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






27. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






28. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






29. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






30. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






31. Group polarization






32. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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33. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






34. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






35. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






36. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






37. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






38. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






39. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






40. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






41. Inoculation theory






42. Self-perception theory






43. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






44. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






45. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






46. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






47. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






48. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






49. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






50. Just world bias