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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






2. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






3. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






4. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






5. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






6. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






7. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






8. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






9. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






10. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






11. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






12. Groupthink






13. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






14. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






15. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






16. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






17. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






18. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






19. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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20. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






21. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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22. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






23. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






24. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






25. Groups take greater risks than individuals






26. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






27. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






28. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






29. Inoculation theory






30. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






31. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






32. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






33. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






34. Illusion of control






35. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






36. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






37. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






38. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






39. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






40. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






41. Assuming most other people think as you do






42. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






43. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






44. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






45. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






46. Doll preference studies






47. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






48. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






49. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






50. The study of how people relate to and influence each other