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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






2. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






3. Hawthorne effect






4. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






5. Group polarization






6. Illusion of control






7. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






8. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






9. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






10. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






11. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






12. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






13. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






14. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






15. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






16. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






17. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






18. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






19. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






20. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






21. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






22. Doll preference studies






23. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






24. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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25. Cognitive dissonance theory






26. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






27. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






28. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






29. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






30. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






31. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






32. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






33. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






34. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






35. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






36. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






37. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






38. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






39. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






40. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






41. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






42. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






43. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






44. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






45. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






46. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






47. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






48. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






49. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






50. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence