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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






2. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






3. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






4. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






5. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






6. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






7. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






8. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






9. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






10. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






11. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






12. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






13. Doll preference studies






14. Groups take greater risks than individuals






15. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






16. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






17. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






18. Group polarization






19. Inoculation theory






20. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






21. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






22. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






23. Self-perception theory






24. The total influences upon individual behavior






25. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






26. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






27. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






28. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






29. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






30. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






31. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






32. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






33. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






34. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






35. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






36. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






37. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






38. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






39. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






40. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






41. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






42. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






43. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






44. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






45. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






46. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






47. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






48. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






49. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






50. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance