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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






2. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






3. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






4. Doll preference studies






5. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






6. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






7. Inoculation theory






8. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






9. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






10. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






11. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






12. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






13. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






14. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






15. Groups take greater risks than individuals






16. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






17. Person who speaks out against majority






18. Just world bias






19. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






20. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






21. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






22. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






23. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






24. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






25. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






26. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






27. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






28. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






29. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






30. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






31. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






32. Elaboration likelihood model






33. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






34. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






35. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






36. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






37. Illusion of control






38. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






39. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






40. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






41. The total influences upon individual behavior






42. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






43. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






44. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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45. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






46. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






47. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






48. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






49. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






50. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -