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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Valence (life space)
Reciprocal interaction
Kurt Lewin
Philip Zimbardo
2. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Mere-exposure effect
Overjustification effect
Just world bias
deindividuation
3. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Overjustification effect
Hawthorne effect
Richard Nisbett
Daryl Bem
4. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Social comparison
Stanley Milgram
Compliance
Harold Kelley
5. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Henry Landsberger
Impression management
James Stoner
Vector (life space)
6. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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7. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Richard Lazarus
Attraction (in order of importance)
elaboration likelihood model
Kurt Lewin
8. The total influences upon individual behavior
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Philip Zimbardo
Trucking company game
Field theory
9. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Morton Deutsch
Reciprocal socialization
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Richard Nisbett
10. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Self-serving attributional bias
Leonard Berkowitz
Social facilitation
Impression management
11. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Illusion of control
Impression management
Group polarization
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
12. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding
Paul Ekman
James Stoner
M. Rokeach
Slippery slope
13. Person who speaks out against majority
Dissenter
Illusory correlation
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Daryl Bem
14. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Trucking company game
Contact (Groups)
Hindsight bias
Peter principle
15. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Base-rate fallacy
Attribution theory
Self-perception theory
Excitation-transfer theory
16. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Norman Triplett
Inoculation theory
Acceptance
Social loafing
17. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Groupthink
Sleeper effect
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Hazel Markus
18. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -
Mere-exposure effect
Hazel Markus
M.J.Lerner
Stimulus-overload theory
19. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Reciprocal interaction
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Irving Janis
Solomon Asch
20. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Hazel Markus
James Stoner
Attribution theory
Impression management
21. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Risky shift
Availability heuristic
Door-in-the-face
Social exchange theory
22. Assuming most other people think as you do
Stimulus-overload theory
False consensus bias
Inoculation theory
doll preference studies
23. Elaboration likelihood model
M. Rokeach
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Henry Landsberger
Self-presentation
24. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Acceptance
Elaine Hatfield
Balance theory
Objective self-awareness
25. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Compassionate love
Solomon Asch
Stimulus-overload theory
Attraction (in order of importance)
26. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Oversimplification
Bogus pipeline
doll preference studies
Leonard Berkowitz
27. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Contact (Groups)
Excitation-transfer theory
Self-fulfilling prophecy
M. Rokeach
28. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Trucking company game
Groupthink
McGuire
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
29. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Acceptance
Social comparison
Balance theory
Elaine Hatfield
30. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Cognitive dissonance theory
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Vector (life space)
Sociotechnical systems
31. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Self-monitoring
Equity theory
Kurt Lewin
Reactance
32. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Henry Landsberger
Slippery slope
Valence (life space)
33. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Contact (Groups)
Attribution theory
Base-rate fallacy
34. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
bystander effect
Leonard Berkowitz
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Slippery slope
35. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Mere-exposure effect
Social exchange theory
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Stanley Milgram
36. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Group polarization
Lee Ross
James Stoner
Self-serving attributional bias
37. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Slippery slope
James Stoner
Passionate love
Reactance
38. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Morton Deutsch
Barrier (life space)
Social exchange theory
Halo effect
39. Hawthorne effect
Balance theory
Compliance
Henry Landsberger
Reciprocal socialization
40. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Sociotechnical systems
McGuire
Just world bias
Passionate love
41. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Illusory correlation
Hawthorne effect
Attitude
Life space
42. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Role
Vector (life space)
bystander effect
Sunk cost
43. Cognitive dissonance theory
Social facilitation
Leon Festinger
Self-perception theory
Stuart Valins
44. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Life space
Just world bias
Bogus pipeline
45. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Hindsight bias
Peter principle
Objective self-awareness
Robbers' cave experiment
46. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
doll preference studies
Walter Dill Scott
Social support network
Risky shift
47. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
Attraction (in order of importance)
Barrier (life space)
Hindsight bias
Solomon Asch
48. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Henry Landsberger
Objective self-awareness
Conformity (types)
Sociotechnical systems
49. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Risky shift
Cognitive dissonance theory
Availability heuristic
Contact (Groups)
50. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Hazel Markus
Passionate love
bystander effect
Trucking company game