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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Social loafing
Norman Triplett
Trucking company game
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
2. Self-perception theory
Vector (life space)
Risky shift
Norman Triplett
Daryl Bem
3. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Harold Kelley
Self-monitoring
Compassionate love
Walter Dill Scott
4. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Vector (life space)
Contact (Groups)
Elaine Hatfield
Compliance
5. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
False consensus bias
competition
Cognitive dissonance theory
Attraction (in order of importance)
6. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Representativeness heuristic
Philip Zimbardo
Attraction (in order of importance)
doll preference studies
7. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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8. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Self-perception theory
Conformity (types)
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Field theory
9. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Kurt Lewin
competition
Inoculation theory
Hawthorne effect
10. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Muzafer Sherif
Vector (life space)
Peter principle
Social facilitation
11. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Leonard Berkowitz
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Barrier (life space)
Henry Landsberger
12. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential
Social facilitation
Barrier (life space)
Dissenter
Solomon Asch
13. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do
Availability heuristic
Door-in-the-face
Overjustification effect
Robert Zajonc
14. Groupthink
Irving Janis
Reactance
Groupthink
Social exchange theory
15. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Social facilitation
Ingroup/outgroup bias
False consensus bias
Balance theory
16. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
elaboration likelihood model
Risky shift
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Morton Deutsch
17. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding
Leon Festinger
diffusion of responsibility
Paul Ekman
Self-fulfilling prophecy
18. Theory of reasoned action
Self-presentation
Paul Ekman
Barrier (life space)
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
19. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Reciprocal socialization
Inoculation theory
Group polarization
Passionate love
20. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Attraction (in order of importance)
Self-monitoring
Vector (life space)
Cognitive dissonance theory
21. Attribution theory - balance theory
Fritz Heider
Social Psychology
Norman Triplett
Halo effect
22. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
deindividuation
Contact (Groups)
Gain-loss theory
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
23. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Daryl Bem
M.J.Lerner
Richard Nisbett
Inoculation theory
24. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Groupthink
Lee Ross
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Attraction (in order of importance)
25. Person who speaks out against majority
Bogus pipeline
Hindsight bias
Kurt Lewin
Dissenter
26. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Group polarization
Just world bias
Self-perception theory
diffusion of responsibility
27. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Norman Triplett
Lee Ross
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Slippery slope
28. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Muzafer Sherif
Acceptance
Risky shift
Attitude
29. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Stuart Valins
Sunk cost
Hazel Markus
30. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Social Psychology
Risky shift
Contact (Groups)
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
31. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Attraction (in order of importance)
Acceptance
Irving Janis
Cognitive dissonance theory
32. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
M. Rokeach
Overjustification effect
Sociotechnical systems
Robert Zajonc
33. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Base-rate fallacy
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Social exchange theory
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
34. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
bystander effect
Reciprocal socialization
Compliance
Paul Ekman
35. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Group polarization
Norman Triplett
Self-serving attributional bias
Role
36. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
competition
Door-in-the-face
doll preference studies
37. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Reciprocal socialization
Conformity (types)
Bogus pipeline
Dissenter
38. Hawthorne effect
False consensus bias
Henry Landsberger
Availability heuristic
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
39. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Contact (Groups)
Hazel Markus
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Irving Janis
40. Doll preference studies
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Attribution theory
Prisoner'S dilemma
41. Inoculation theory
McGuire
Robert Zajonc
Groupthink
Passionate love
42. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Attitude
deindividuation
Irving Janis
Field theory
43. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
Conformity (types)
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
McGuire
diffusion of responsibility
44. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
False consensus bias
M.J.Lerner
Social facilitation
45. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Attribution theory
Door-in-the-face
Illusory correlation
Robert Zajonc
46. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Slippery slope
bystander effect
Reactance
Norman Triplett
47. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
Contact (Groups)
competition
Valence (life space)
Hindsight bias
48. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Reciprocal interaction
Attraction (in order of importance)
Richard Lazarus
Kurt Lewin
49. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Morton Deutsch
False consensus bias
Paul Ekman
Mere-exposure effect
50. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Stimulus-overload theory
Self-serving attributional bias
Morton Deutsch
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