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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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2. Illusion of control
Sunk cost
Stuart Valins
Oversimplification
Ellen Langer
3. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups
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4. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Muzafer Sherif
Social Psychology
Richard Lazarus
Daryl Bem
5. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Robbers' cave experiment
Gain-loss theory
James Stoner
Self-serving attributional bias
6. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
Social exchange theory
Bogus pipeline
Role
Self-perception theory
7. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Role
Stanley Milgram
Bogus pipeline
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
8. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Actor-observer attributional divergence
diffusion of responsibility
Life space
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
9. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Leon Festinger
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Passionate love
Oversimplification
10. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Elaine Hatfield
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Illusory correlation
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
11. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness
Henry Landsberger
Illusory correlation
Elaine Hatfield
Reciprocity of disclosure
12. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Robert Zajonc
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Pluralistic ignorance
J. Rodin and E. Langer
13. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Richard Nisbett
Trucking company game
Robert Zajonc
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
14. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Vector (life space)
Reciprocity of disclosure
competition
Richard Nisbett
15. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Groupthink
Harold Kelley
deindividuation
16. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
bystander effect
McGuire
Base-rate fallacy
17. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Self-monitoring
Impression management
Cognitive dissonance theory
18. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Reciprocal socialization
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Excitation-transfer theory
Sociotechnical systems
19. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Lee Ross
Inoculation theory
Excitation-transfer theory
Illusion of control
20. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Henry Landsberger
Pluralistic ignorance
Sunk cost
Inoculation theory
21. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Peter principle
Sociotechnical systems
Availability heuristic
Field theory
22. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Self-presentation
Kurt Lewin
Morton Deutsch
Ingroup/outgroup bias
23. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Compassionate love
Pluralistic ignorance
elaboration likelihood model
Reciprocal socialization
24. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Oversimplification
Gain-loss theory
Prisoner'S dilemma
25. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Ellen Langer
Irving Janis
Morton Deutsch
Norman Triplett
26. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
elaboration likelihood model
Social exchange theory
27. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
Stanley Milgram
Illusion of control
deindividuation
Richard Lazarus
28. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Sleeper effect
Peter principle
Richard Nisbett
Balance theory
29. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Sociotechnical systems
Stanley Milgram
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Halo effect
30. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
Ingroup/outgroup bias
diffusion of responsibility
False consensus bias
Lee Ross
31. Group polarization
James Stoner
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Barrier (life space)
Harold Kelley
32. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Norman Triplett
Representativeness heuristic
Balance theory
Group polarization
33. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Peter principle
Mere-exposure effect
Sleeper effect
Social support network
34. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Social comparison
Self-serving attributional bias
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Acceptance
35. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
diffusion of responsibility
Robbers' cave experiment
Groupthink
Fritz Heider
36. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Valence (life space)
Attitude
Philip Zimbardo
Attraction (in order of importance)
37. Cognitive dissonance theory
Cognitive dissonance theory
Stimulus-overload theory
Leon Festinger
Oversimplification
38. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Inoculation theory
Illusory correlation
Attraction (in order of importance)
elaboration likelihood model
39. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
False consensus bias
Objective self-awareness
Equity theory
Social Psychology
40. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Contact (Groups)
Attribution theory
Slippery slope
Representativeness heuristic
41. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Acceptance
Conformity (types)
Ellen Langer
Attraction (in order of importance)
42. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Objective self-awareness
Passionate love
deindividuation
diffusion of responsibility
43. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
Just world bias
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Reciprocity of disclosure
M. Rokeach
44. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Illusion of control
bystander effect
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Social support network
45. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Sunk cost
Illusion of control
Door-in-the-face
Norman Triplett
46. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Excitation-transfer theory
Groupthink
Self-monitoring
Overjustification effect
47. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
elaboration likelihood model
Illusion of control
Hawthorne effect
Social Psychology
48. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style
Stimulus-overload theory
Illusory correlation
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Stuart Valins
49. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Self-presentation
Hazel Markus
Irving Janis
M.J.Lerner
50. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Pluralistic ignorance
Oversimplification
Stuart Valins
Valence (life space)