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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Robbers' cave experiment
deindividuation
Objective self-awareness
Risky shift
2. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Daryl Bem
Stimulus-overload theory
Harold Kelley
Walter Dill Scott
3. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Self-monitoring
Excitation-transfer theory
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Acceptance
4. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Social loafing
Reactance
Self-presentation
Gain-loss theory
5. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
bystander effect
Reciprocal interaction
Illusion of control
Barrier (life space)
6. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
elaboration likelihood model
Cognitive dissonance theory
Slippery slope
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
7. Self-perception theory
Daryl Bem
Availability heuristic
Base-rate fallacy
Sleeper effect
8. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Valence (life space)
Trucking company game
Role
Balance theory
9. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Bogus pipeline
Valence (life space)
Paul Ekman
Illusory correlation
10. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Conformity (types)
Excitation-transfer theory
Vector (life space)
Self-presentation
11. Cognitive dissonance theory
Leon Festinger
Base-rate fallacy
Oversimplification
Dissenter
12. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
deindividuation
Trucking company game
competition
Sociotechnical systems
13. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Self-monitoring
Objective self-awareness
Compliance
Base-rate fallacy
14. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Henry Landsberger
Representativeness heuristic
Stuart Valins
15. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Norman Triplett
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Hindsight bias
Stanley MIlgram (study)
16. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Excitation-transfer theory
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Daryl Bem
Walter Dill Scott
17. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday
Reciprocal interaction
Social comparison
Hawthorne effect
Self-perception theory
18. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Barrier (life space)
Morton Deutsch
Trucking company game
Groupthink
19. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Daryl Bem
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Balance theory
20. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Social loafing
Base-rate fallacy
James Stoner
Excitation-transfer theory
21. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Risky shift
Stanley Milgram
22. Person who speaks out against majority
Solomon Asch
Dissenter
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Paul Ekman
23. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Pluralistic ignorance
Philip Zimbardo
Door-in-the-face
24. Doll preference studies
Social facilitation
Cognitive dissonance theory
Morton Deutsch
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
25. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Trucking company game
Paul Ekman
Illusion of control
Compassionate love
26. Just world bias
M.J.Lerner
bystander effect
James Stoner
Slippery slope
27. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Social exchange theory
McGuire
Groupthink
Morton Deutsch
28. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
Robert Zajonc
Just world bias
Hindsight bias
Barrier (life space)
29. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Hawthorne effect
Halo effect
Group polarization
Stimulus-overload theory
30. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Representativeness heuristic
Norman Triplett
Risky shift
Excitation-transfer theory
31. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Harold Kelley
Reciprocal socialization
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Availability heuristic
32. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Halo effect
Hawthorne effect
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Social comparison
33. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Just world bias
Reciprocal interaction
Excitation-transfer theory
Reactance
34. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
bystander effect
M. Rokeach
Robbers' cave experiment
35. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Groupthink
Just world bias
Base-rate fallacy
Conformity (types)
36. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Just world bias
Acceptance
Barrier (life space)
Reciprocity of disclosure
37. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Base-rate fallacy
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Attraction (in order of importance)
38. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Social loafing
Robert Zajonc
Social facilitation
Social Psychology
39. Inoculation theory
Ellen Langer
False consensus bias
Representativeness heuristic
McGuire
40. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Harold Kelley
Paul Ekman
Richard Nisbett
Illusion of control
41. Group polarization
Valence (life space)
James Stoner
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Inoculation theory
42. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
M. Rokeach
James Stoner
Sunk cost
Richard Nisbett
43. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Self-serving attributional bias
Risky shift
elaboration likelihood model
Field theory
44. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Halo effect
Paul Ekman
Social Psychology
Walter Dill Scott
45. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Base-rate fallacy
Self-presentation
Reciprocal socialization
Attitude
46. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Walter Dill Scott
bystander effect
Balance theory
Trucking company game
47. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
M.J.Lerner
Self-presentation
doll preference studies
Reactance
48. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
elaboration likelihood model
Kurt Lewin
Risky shift
Group polarization
49. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Mere-exposure effect
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
competition
Norman Triplett
50. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Elaine Hatfield
Door-in-the-face
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Halo effect