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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






2. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






3. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






4. Self-perception theory






5. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






6. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






7. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






8. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






9. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






10. Person who speaks out against majority






11. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






12. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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13. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






14. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






15. Illusion of control






16. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






17. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






18. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






19. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






20. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






21. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






22. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






23. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






24. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






25. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






26. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






27. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






28. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






29. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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30. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






31. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






32. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






33. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






34. Cognitive dissonance theory






35. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






36. Just world bias






37. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






38. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






39. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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40. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






41. Groupthink






42. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






43. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






44. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






45. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






46. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






47. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






48. Groups take greater risks than individuals






49. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






50. Attribution theory - balance theory







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