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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






2. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






3. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






4. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






5. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






6. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






7. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






8. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






9. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






10. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






11. Doll preference studies






12. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






13. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






14. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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15. Attribution theory - balance theory






16. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






17. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






18. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






19. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






20. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






21. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






22. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






23. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






24. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






25. Cognitive dissonance theory






26. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






27. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






28. Just world bias






29. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






30. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






31. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






32. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






33. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






34. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






35. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






36. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






37. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






38. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






39. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






40. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






41. Self-perception theory






42. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






43. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






44. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






45. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






46. Inoculation theory






47. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






48. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






49. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






50. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management