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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Illusion of control
Attribution theory
bystander effect
Base-rate fallacy
2. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Mere-exposure effect
Conformity (types)
Representativeness heuristic
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
3. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Illusion of control
doll preference studies
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Self-monitoring
4. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
competition
Valence (life space)
Social Psychology
Sociotechnical systems
5. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Leonard Berkowitz
deindividuation
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Illusion of control
6. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Availability heuristic
Hawthorne effect
Norman Triplett
Contact (Groups)
7. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Reactance
Group polarization
Self-serving attributional bias
Balance theory
8. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Leon Festinger
Passionate love
Reciprocal interaction
Compliance
9. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Richard Nisbett
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Acceptance
Social facilitation
10. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Acceptance
Group polarization
elaboration likelihood model
Stanley MIlgram (study)
11. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Balance theory
Reciprocal socialization
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Compliance
12. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Peter principle
bystander effect
elaboration likelihood model
13. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Peter principle
Norman Triplett
Just world bias
Life space
14. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Contact (Groups)
Vector (life space)
Reactance
M. Rokeach
15. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Compliance
Sociotechnical systems
Illusion of control
Self-serving attributional bias
16. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Slippery slope
Hawthorne effect
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Pluralistic ignorance
17. Hawthorne effect
Social facilitation
Henry Landsberger
Impression management
Hazel Markus
18. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
M. Rokeach
Pluralistic ignorance
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Equity theory
19. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
Muzafer Sherif
Stanley Milgram
Social comparison
Mere-exposure effect
20. The total influences upon individual behavior
diffusion of responsibility
Pluralistic ignorance
Field theory
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
21. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Equity theory
Door-in-the-face
Dissenter
22. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Trucking company game
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Attitude
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
23. Self-perception theory
James Stoner
Richard Lazarus
Ellen Langer
Daryl Bem
24. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Hawthorne effect
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Sleeper effect
elaboration likelihood model
25. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Trucking company game
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Richard Lazarus
Acceptance
26. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Life space
Social exchange theory
27. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Barrier (life space)
Acceptance
Inoculation theory
Walter Dill Scott
28. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Kurt Lewin
Barrier (life space)
Self-perception theory
Solomon Asch
29. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
M. Rokeach
Leon Festinger
Attribution theory
30. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Paul Ekman
Self-presentation
Pluralistic ignorance
Attraction (in order of importance)
31. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform
Solomon Asch
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Acceptance
32. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Availability heuristic
M.J.Lerner
Passionate love
Overjustification effect
33. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Irving Janis
Illusory correlation
Inoculation theory
Ingroup/outgroup bias
34. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Compliance
Attitude
Conformity (types)
Social loafing
35. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Social loafing
Ellen Langer
Barrier (life space)
Stimulus-overload theory
36. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Self-presentation
Group polarization
Gain-loss theory
competition
37. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Prisoner'S dilemma
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Representativeness heuristic
Pluralistic ignorance
38. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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39. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Cognitive dissonance theory
Compassionate love
Impression management
Reactance
40. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Pluralistic ignorance
Cognitive dissonance theory
Social comparison
Peter principle
41. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Sleeper effect
Richard Lazarus
Attraction (in order of importance)
Dissenter
42. Attribution theory - balance theory
Leon Festinger
Self-monitoring
Fritz Heider
Compassionate love
43. Elaboration likelihood model
Stanley Milgram
Social support network
Self-serving attributional bias
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
44. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Vector (life space)
bystander effect
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Stanley MIlgram (study)
45. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Henry Landsberger
Illusion of control
Pluralistic ignorance
Fritz Heider
46. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Social facilitation
Daryl Bem
Conformity (types)
deindividuation
47. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Lee Ross
Impression management
deindividuation
Excitation-transfer theory
48. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Paul Ekman
Self-presentation
49. Group polarization
Stanley Milgram
James Stoner
Elaine Hatfield
Morton Deutsch
50. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Compassionate love
Social facilitation
Reactance