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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






2. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






3. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






4. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






5. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






6. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






7. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






8. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






9. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






10. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






11. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






12. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






13. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






14. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






15. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






16. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






17. Hawthorne effect






18. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






19. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






20. The total influences upon individual behavior






21. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






22. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






23. Self-perception theory






24. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






25. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






26. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






27. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






28. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






29. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






30. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






31. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






32. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






33. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






34. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






35. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






36. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






37. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






38. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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39. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






40. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






41. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






42. Attribution theory - balance theory






43. Elaboration likelihood model






44. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






45. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






46. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






47. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






48. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






49. Group polarization






50. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment