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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






2. Illusion of control






3. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






4. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






5. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






6. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






7. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






8. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






9. Doll preference studies






10. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






11. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






12. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






13. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






14. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






15. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






16. Person who speaks out against majority






17. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






18. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






19. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






20. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






21. Inoculation theory






22. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






23. Cognitive dissonance theory






24. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






25. The total influences upon individual behavior






26. Self-perception theory






27. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






28. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






29. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






30. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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31. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






32. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






33. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






34. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






35. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






36. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






37. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






38. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






39. Assuming most other people think as you do






40. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






41. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






42. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






43. Hawthorne effect






44. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






45. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






46. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






47. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






48. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






49. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






50. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help