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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cognitive dissonance theory






2. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






3. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






4. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






5. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






6. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






7. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






8. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






9. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






10. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






11. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






12. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






13. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






14. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






15. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






16. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






17. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






18. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






19. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






20. Inoculation theory






21. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






22. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






23. Attribution theory - balance theory






24. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






25. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






26. Doll preference studies






27. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






28. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






29. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






30. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






31. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






32. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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33. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






34. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






35. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






36. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






37. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






38. Self-perception theory






39. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






40. Person who speaks out against majority






41. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






42. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






43. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






44. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






45. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






46. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






47. The total influences upon individual behavior






48. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






49. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






50. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability