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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Risky shift
Bogus pipeline
Compassionate love
competition
2. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Peter principle
competition
Self-fulfilling prophecy
3. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Mere-exposure effect
Sociotechnical systems
Representativeness heuristic
Stanley MIlgram (study)
4. Just world bias
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
M.J.Lerner
Illusion of control
Norman Triplett
5. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Richard Nisbett
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Social support network
Peter principle
6. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Sunk cost
Overjustification effect
Valence (life space)
Robbers' cave experiment
7. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -
Hazel Markus
Norman Triplett
Hindsight bias
Mere-exposure effect
8. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
9. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Barrier (life space)
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Groupthink
Door-in-the-face
10. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Kurt Lewin
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Compliance
Actor-observer attributional divergence
11. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Conformity (types)
Excitation-transfer theory
Just world bias
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
12. Elaboration likelihood model
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Halo effect
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Social Psychology
13. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Irving Janis
Compassionate love
Objective self-awareness
Impression management
14. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
Philip Zimbardo
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
M. Rokeach
Equity theory
15. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Sleeper effect
Harold Kelley
Acceptance
16. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Walter Dill Scott
Valence (life space)
Trucking company game
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
17. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
deindividuation
Social support network
Role
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
18. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
Reactance
Oversimplification
doll preference studies
Stuart Valins
19. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
bystander effect
elaboration likelihood model
Social facilitation
Reactance
20. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
bystander effect
Harold Kelley
Robbers' cave experiment
Norman Triplett
21. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Mere-exposure effect
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Fritz Heider
22. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Self-serving attributional bias
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Robert Zajonc
Attitude
23. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Ingroup/outgroup bias
competition
Halo effect
Lee Ross
24. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
diffusion of responsibility
Balance theory
Richard Nisbett
Attraction (in order of importance)
25. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Norman Triplett
Life space
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
26. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Compliance
Compassionate love
Lee Ross
Attraction (in order of importance)
27. Cognitive dissonance theory
Leon Festinger
Life space
Dissenter
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
28. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Life space
Conformity (types)
Morton Deutsch
deindividuation
29. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs
Actor-observer attributional divergence
deindividuation
Social exchange theory
False consensus bias
30. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Trucking company game
Sociotechnical systems
doll preference studies
31. Hawthorne effect
Henry Landsberger
Acceptance
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Halo effect
32. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
False consensus bias
Solomon Asch
Representativeness heuristic
Availability heuristic
33. Illusion of control
Ellen Langer
Prisoner'S dilemma
Peter principle
Self-presentation
34. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Trucking company game
Elaine Hatfield
Robert Zajonc
35. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Availability heuristic
Reciprocity of disclosure
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Slippery slope
36. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Passionate love
James Stoner
Elaine Hatfield
Oversimplification
37. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Hawthorne effect
Barrier (life space)
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Excitation-transfer theory
38. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Bogus pipeline
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Harold Kelley
Contact (Groups)
39. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
Social support network
Stanley Milgram
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Self-fulfilling prophecy
40. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Richard Lazarus
Walter Dill Scott
Leonard Berkowitz
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
41. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
James Stoner
Solomon Asch
Social Psychology
Stimulus-overload theory
42. Attribution theory - balance theory
Inoculation theory
Fritz Heider
Compassionate love
Self-monitoring
43. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Social facilitation
Reciprocal interaction
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Social comparison
44. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Risky shift
Stuart Valins
Impression management
Inoculation theory
45. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
Richard Lazarus
Reciprocal socialization
Base-rate fallacy
Representativeness heuristic
46. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Hawthorne effect
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Overjustification effect
Attribution theory
47. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
Role
Pluralistic ignorance
Door-in-the-face
Equity theory
48. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Solomon Asch
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Life space
Impression management
49. The total influences upon individual behavior
Ellen Langer
Field theory
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Mere-exposure effect
50. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Contact (Groups)
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Stanley MIlgram (study)
elaboration likelihood model