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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






2. Illusion of control






3. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






4. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






5. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






6. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






7. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






8. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






9. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






10. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument

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11. Cognitive dissonance theory






12. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






13. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






14. Doll preference studies






15. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






16. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






17. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






18. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






19. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






20. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






21. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






22. The total influences upon individual behavior






23. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






24. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






25. Just world bias






26. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






27. Person who speaks out against majority






28. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






29. Groups take greater risks than individuals






30. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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31. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






32. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






33. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






34. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






35. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






36. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






37. Hawthorne effect






38. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






39. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






40. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






41. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






42. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






43. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






44. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






45. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






46. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






47. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






48. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






49. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






50. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less