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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






2. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






3. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






4. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






5. Group polarization






6. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






7. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






8. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






9. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






10. Doll preference studies






11. Person who speaks out against majority






12. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






13. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






14. Hawthorne effect






15. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






16. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






17. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






18. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






19. Theory of reasoned action






20. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






21. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






22. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






23. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






24. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






25. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






26. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






27. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






28. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






29. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






30. Groupthink






31. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






32. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






33. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






34. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






35. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






36. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






37. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






38. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






39. Attribution theory - balance theory






40. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






41. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






42. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






43. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






44. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






45. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






46. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






47. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






48. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






49. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






50. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance