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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






2. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






3. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






4. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






5. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






6. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






7. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






8. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance






9. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






10. Inoculation theory






11. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






12. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






13. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






14. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






15. Group polarization






16. Theory of reasoned action






17. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






18. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






19. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






20. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






21. Groupthink






22. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






23. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






24. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






25. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






26. Elaboration likelihood model






27. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






28. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






29. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






30. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






31. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






32. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






33. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






34. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






35. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






36. Attribution theory - balance theory






37. Hawthorne effect






38. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






39. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






40. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






41. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






42. Person who speaks out against majority






43. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






44. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






45. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






46. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






47. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






48. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






49. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






50. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating