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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
Barrier (life space)
Attitude
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Trucking company game
2. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Lee Ross
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Contact (Groups)
Social facilitation
3. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Reactance
Fritz Heider
Impression management
Social comparison
4. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Oversimplification
5. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Acceptance
deindividuation
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Balance theory
6. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Social comparison
Gain-loss theory
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Impression management
7. Cognitive dissonance theory
Conformity (types)
Leon Festinger
doll preference studies
Excitation-transfer theory
8. Group polarization
Representativeness heuristic
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Self-serving attributional bias
James Stoner
9. Theory of reasoned action
Stanley MIlgram (study)
doll preference studies
Stimulus-overload theory
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
10. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Ingroup/outgroup bias
False consensus bias
Robbers' cave experiment
Social comparison
11. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Sunk cost
Hawthorne effect
Halo effect
Excitation-transfer theory
12. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Life space
Stuart Valins
Bogus pipeline
Overjustification effect
13. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Kurt Lewin
Harold Kelley
M. Rokeach
Dissenter
14. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
M. Rokeach
Ellen Langer
Self-serving attributional bias
Equity theory
15. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Mere-exposure effect
Pluralistic ignorance
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Fritz Heider
16. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Elaine Hatfield
Field theory
Henry Landsberger
Base-rate fallacy
17. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Self-monitoring
Attitude
Availability heuristic
Attraction (in order of importance)
18. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Halo effect
Compassionate love
Social facilitation
Attraction (in order of importance)
19. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Equity theory
Pluralistic ignorance
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Compliance
20. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
Field theory
doll preference studies
Halo effect
Pluralistic ignorance
21. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity
Overjustification effect
Dissenter
Impression management
deindividuation
22. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Reciprocity of disclosure
doll preference studies
Conformity (types)
Acceptance
23. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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24. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
competition
Robert Zajonc
Irving Janis
Conformity (types)
25. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Groupthink
M. Rokeach
deindividuation
Reciprocal interaction
26. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Groupthink
Attribution theory
Availability heuristic
Elaine Hatfield
27. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness
Richard Lazarus
Reciprocity of disclosure
Role
Leon Festinger
28. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Compliance
Prisoner'S dilemma
Hindsight bias
Social support network
29. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
competition
Harold Kelley
Door-in-the-face
Attribution theory
30. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Self-serving attributional bias
diffusion of responsibility
Walter Dill Scott
Sociotechnical systems
31. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Risky shift
Field theory
Life space
Conformity (types)
32. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Illusion of control
deindividuation
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Compliance
33. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Trucking company game
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Passionate love
Kurt Lewin
34. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Inoculation theory
Base-rate fallacy
Groupthink
Social Psychology
35. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Hazel Markus
Role
Contact (Groups)
36. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Sunk cost
Solomon Asch
Norman Triplett
Representativeness heuristic
37. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Mere-exposure effect
Henry Landsberger
doll preference studies
Stanley MIlgram (study)
38. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Bogus pipeline
Richard Nisbett
Illusion of control
Hawthorne effect
39. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Base-rate fallacy
Ellen Langer
Norman Triplett
Peter principle
40. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
Stuart Valins
Impression management
Excitation-transfer theory
Philip Zimbardo
41. Just world bias
Self-presentation
Hindsight bias
Trucking company game
M.J.Lerner
42. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
diffusion of responsibility
Stuart Valins
Attitude
Actor-observer attributional divergence
43. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Solomon Asch
Lee Ross
Hindsight bias
Bogus pipeline
44. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
Excitation-transfer theory
Door-in-the-face
Hindsight bias
Bogus pipeline
45. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Reciprocity of disclosure
Excitation-transfer theory
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Trucking company game
46. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
bystander effect
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Richard Nisbett
Door-in-the-face
47. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Halo effect
Objective self-awareness
Illusory correlation
Hazel Markus
48. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Groupthink
Ellen Langer
Field theory
Equity theory
49. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health
Social exchange theory
Kurt Lewin
Social support network
Trucking company game
50. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Life space
Pluralistic ignorance
Sleeper effect
Frustration-aggression hypothesis