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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






2. Hawthorne effect






3. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






4. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






5. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






6. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






7. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






8. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






9. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






10. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






11. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






12. Self-perception theory






13. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






14. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






15. Assuming most other people think as you do






16. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






17. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






18. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later






19. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






20. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






21. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






22. Illusion of control






23. Groupthink






24. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






25. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






26. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






27. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






28. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






29. Groups take greater risks than individuals






30. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






31. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






32. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






33. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






34. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






35. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






36. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






37. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






38. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






39. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






40. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






41. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






42. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






43. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






44. Cognitive dissonance theory






45. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






46. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






47. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)






48. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






49. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups


50. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various