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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






2. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety






3. Group polarization






4. Just world bias






5. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






6. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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7. Attribution theory - balance theory






8. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






9. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






10. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






11. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






12. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






13. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






14. The total influences upon individual behavior






15. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






16. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






17. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






18. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






19. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






20. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






21. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






22. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






23. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable






24. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim






25. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






26. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






27. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






28. Hawthorne effect






29. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities






30. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






31. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






32. Groupthink






33. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






34. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






35. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance






36. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






37. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






38. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






39. Theory of reasoned action






40. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






41. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






42. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






43. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






44. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






45. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






46. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do






47. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






48. Cognitive dissonance theory






49. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups

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50. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later