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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Elaine Hatfield
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Morton Deutsch
McGuire
2. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases
M. Rokeach
Sociotechnical systems
Balance theory
Compliance
3. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
Vector (life space)
competition
Reciprocity of disclosure
Attribution theory
4. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Hazel Markus
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Inoculation theory
M.J.Lerner
5. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Reciprocal interaction
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Representativeness heuristic
6. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Passionate love
Muzafer Sherif
deindividuation
7. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding
Vector (life space)
Paul Ekman
Self-presentation
diffusion of responsibility
8. Groupthink
Irving Janis
Social Psychology
Base-rate fallacy
Ellen Langer
9. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Pluralistic ignorance
Availability heuristic
Self-monitoring
Reciprocal interaction
10. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person
deindividuation
Compliance
Role
Social support network
11. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Reciprocal interaction
competition
Social facilitation
J. Rodin and E. Langer
12. Person who speaks out against majority
M. Rokeach
Leon Festinger
bystander effect
Dissenter
13. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Impression management
Valence (life space)
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Life space
14. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)
bystander effect
Conformity (types)
Base-rate fallacy
Excitation-transfer theory
15. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do
Slippery slope
Overjustification effect
Sociotechnical systems
McGuire
16. Theory of reasoned action
Passionate love
Compliance
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
James Stoner
17. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present
Attribution theory
Self-serving attributional bias
Sleeper effect
bystander effect
18. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Prisoner'S dilemma
Social facilitation
competition
Illusory correlation
19. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Walter Dill Scott
Prisoner'S dilemma
Kurt Lewin
Field theory
20. Doing a small favour makes people more willing to do larger ones later
Group polarization
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Groupthink
Illusory correlation
21. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
Attraction (in order of importance)
Philip Zimbardo
Stanley Milgram
Stanley MIlgram (study)
22. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Lee Ross
Gain-loss theory
Robert Zajonc
Inoculation theory
23. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Gain-loss theory
Conformity (types)
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Passionate love
24. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Compliance
Passionate love
Balance theory
25. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Sleeper effect
Life space
Daryl Bem
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
26. Illusion of control
Trucking company game
Norman Triplett
Ellen Langer
Hindsight bias
27. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Attraction (in order of importance)
Equity theory
Group polarization
James Stoner
28. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Dissenter
Self-monitoring
Passionate love
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
29. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups
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30. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Halo effect
Social loafing
Walter Dill Scott
Attitude
31. Attribution theory - balance theory
Base-rate fallacy
Fritz Heider
Reciprocity of disclosure
Stanley Milgram
32. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Illusion of control
Social loafing
Bogus pipeline
Ingroup/outgroup bias
33. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Risky shift
Sociotechnical systems
34. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Social support network
Harold Kelley
Trucking company game
competition
35. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Overjustification effect
Hawthorne effect
Social exchange theory
Availability heuristic
36. Self-perception theory
Bogus pipeline
Hindsight bias
Self-monitoring
Daryl Bem
37. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Social exchange theory
Role
Base-rate fallacy
James Stoner
38. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Kurt Lewin
Oversimplification
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
elaboration likelihood model
39. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -
Just world bias
Peter principle
Group polarization
Hazel Markus
40. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
diffusion of responsibility
Conformity (types)
Inoculation theory
Social loafing
41. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be
Prisoner'S dilemma
Solomon Asch
Illusory correlation
Availability heuristic
42. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Valence (life space)
Hindsight bias
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Mere-exposure effect
43. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Morton Deutsch
Peter principle
Balance theory
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
44. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
Leonard Berkowitz
Acceptance
Just world bias
competition
45. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
Richard Lazarus
Contact (Groups)
Acceptance
Groupthink
46. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks
Valence (life space)
Illusion of control
Daryl Bem
Robert Zajonc
47. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
deindividuation
Harold Kelley
Leon Festinger
Hawthorne effect
48. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Stanley Milgram
Morton Deutsch
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
49. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Sleeper effect
Group polarization
Solomon Asch
Henry Landsberger
50. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Solomon Asch
Robbers' cave experiment