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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory of reasoned action






2. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






3. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact






4. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations






5. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






6. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game


7. Conformity; change actions and beliefs to conform






8. Cognitive dissonance theory






9. The study of how people relate to and influence each other






10. Hawthorne effect






11. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






12. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






13. Inoculation theory






14. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






15. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






16. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups


17. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






18. Elaboration likelihood model






19. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace






20. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not






21. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






22. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






23. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






24. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






25. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






26. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






27. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






28. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






29. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






30. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






31. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






32. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






33. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






34. Assuming most other people think as you do






35. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier






36. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment






37. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)






38. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






39. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






40. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment






41. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






42. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






43. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument


44. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






45. Cross-cultural research; Eastern countries value interdependence over independence; for example - in Japan - individuals likelier to demonstrate conformity - modesty - and pessimism; where in the U.S. - likelier to show optimism - self-enhancement -






46. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health






47. Doll preference studies






48. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






49. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






50. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression