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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
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gre
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psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Barrier (life space)
Role
Stimulus-overload theory
2. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Group polarization
Trucking company game
Availability heuristic
Illusion of control
3. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help
Role
Sociotechnical systems
Stimulus-overload theory
Hazel Markus
4. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Leon Festinger
Walter Dill Scott
Conformity (types)
5. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Philip Zimbardo
Role
Just world bias
J. Rodin and E. Langer
6. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Self-presentation
Life space
doll preference studies
Richard Lazarus
7. Group polarization
James Stoner
Leon Festinger
Excitation-transfer theory
Paul Ekman
8. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Groupthink
Bogus pipeline
Peter principle
Social Psychology
9. The total influences upon individual behavior
Impression management
Attraction (in order of importance)
Balance theory
Field theory
10. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Role
Halo effect
Harold Kelley
Elaine Hatfield
11. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)
Social exchange theory
Reciprocal socialization
Elaine Hatfield
Field theory
12. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
M. Rokeach
Attitude
Sociotechnical systems
Robert Zajonc
13. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Bogus pipeline
Objective self-awareness
Leon Festinger
14. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
elaboration likelihood model
McGuire
Attitude
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
15. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Valence (life space)
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Self-monitoring
Self-fulfilling prophecy
16. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
Paul Ekman
McGuire
Attribution theory
Social facilitation
17. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Stanley Milgram
Vector (life space)
M. Rokeach
18. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Sleeper effect
Leon Festinger
Pluralistic ignorance
19. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Cognitive dissonance theory
Walter Dill Scott
Hawthorne effect
20. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Excitation-transfer theory
Philip Zimbardo
Passionate love
Leonard Berkowitz
21. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Self-serving attributional bias
Mere-exposure effect
Elaine Hatfield
22. Groupthink
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Irving Janis
Contact (Groups)
Richard Nisbett
23. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition
Morton Deutsch
Richard Nisbett
Door-in-the-face
Self-perception theory
24. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Self-monitoring
Illusory correlation
Reactance
Attraction (in order of importance)
25. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
Group polarization
Groupthink
Paul Ekman
elaboration likelihood model
26. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain
Peter principle
Solomon Asch
Social comparison
Illusory correlation
27. Doll preference studies
Sunk cost
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Lee Ross
competition
28. Just world bias
Robbers' cave experiment
M.J.Lerner
Elaine Hatfield
Role
29. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit
Peter principle
Cognitive dissonance theory
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Impression management
30. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Actor-observer attributional divergence
doll preference studies
Harold Kelley
31. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge
Inoculation theory
Self-presentation
Kurt Lewin
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
32. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Passionate love
Peter principle
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
M.J.Lerner
33. Person who speaks out against majority
Hawthorne effect
Peter principle
Inoculation theory
Dissenter
34. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Balance theory
Sleeper effect
Risky shift
Field theory
35. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness
Fritz Heider
Elaine Hatfield
Reciprocity of disclosure
Equity theory
36. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed
Illusory correlation
Attitude
Reciprocity of disclosure
Hawthorne effect
37. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Availability heuristic
Philip Zimbardo
Self-presentation
Oversimplification
38. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Gain-loss theory
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Daryl Bem
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
39. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Peter principle
Self-perception theory
Oversimplification
40. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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41. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do
Illusion of control
Kurt Lewin
Vector (life space)
Overjustification effect
42. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no
Sleeper effect
Overjustification effect
Social comparison
Stuart Valins
43. founder of social psychology -; - applied Gestalt ideas to social behaviour; - conceived field theory - life space - valence - vector - barrier
Kurt Lewin
Valence (life space)
Fritz Heider
Attitude
44. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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45. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Passionate love
Walter Dill Scott
McGuire
Stanley Milgram
46. Elaboration likelihood model
Social facilitation
James Stoner
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
doll preference studies
47. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
Field theory
Hazel Markus
Philip Zimbardo
Representativeness heuristic
48. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Reactance
Vector (life space)
M. Rokeach
Social comparison
49. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Balance theory
diffusion of responsibility
Slippery slope
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
50. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Bogus pipeline
Group polarization
Impression management
Base-rate fallacy
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