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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hawthorne effect






2. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






3. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






4. Sometimes attribute excitement or physiological arousal about one thing to something else (e.g. bungee jumping on first date)






5. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it






6. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately






7. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






8. Just world bias






9. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game


10. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






11. Illusion of control






12. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






13. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






14. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






15. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






16. Attribution theory - balance theory






17. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






18. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






19. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






20. Theory of reasoned action






21. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






22. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






23. Lewin; life space; block locomotion between regions of person and psychological environment






24. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






25. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it






26. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift






27. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






28. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored






29. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






30. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them






31. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object






32. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






33. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






34. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






35. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer






36. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






37. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






38. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






39. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






40. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






41. Elaboration likelihood model






42. Studied environmental influences on behaviour; architecture matters. students in long-corridor dorms more stressed and withdrawn than those in suite-style






43. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along






44. Doll preference studies






45. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






46. Sharing secrets/feelings facilitates emotional closeness






47. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






48. Studied racial bias and belief similarity - people prefer to be with like-minded people more than like-skinned; racial bias decreases as attitude similarity between people increases






49. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






50. Person who speaks out against majority