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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Study First
Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Trucking company game
Attribution theory
2. The total influences upon individual behavior
Contact (Groups)
Field theory
Impression management
M.J.Lerner
3. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Morton Deutsch
Groupthink
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
4. People most comfortable in situations which rewards and punishments are equal - fitting - or logical; - overbenefited people feel guilt - random/ illogical punishments create anxiety
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Self-perception theory
Inoculation theory
Equity theory
5. Doll preference studies
Irving Janis
M.J.Lerner
Acceptance
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
6. M.J. Lerner - The belief that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people - it is uncomfortable for people to accept that bad things happen to good people - so they blame the victim
competition
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Just world bias
Fritz Heider
7. Self-perception theory
Morton Deutsch
Daryl Bem
deindividuation
Compassionate love
8. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Equity theory
Reactance
Norman Triplett
9. Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Philip Zimbardo
Walter Dill Scott
Leonard Berkowitz
10. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential
Robbers' cave experiment
Solomon Asch
doll preference studies
Richard Lazarus
11. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average
Self-serving attributional bias
Contact (Groups)
Prisoner'S dilemma
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
12. Stoner; group discussion generally serves to strengthen the already dominant point of view; explains risky shift
deindividuation
Acceptance
Group polarization
Social facilitation
13. Logical fallacy; small - insignificant first step in one direction will lead to greater steps with a significant impact
Richard Nisbett
Slippery slope
Excitation-transfer theory
Social facilitation
14. Just world bias
M.J.Lerner
Role
Group polarization
Contact (Groups)
15. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming
McGuire
James Stoner
Sunk cost
Stanley MIlgram (study)
16. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition
Illusion of control
Stanley Milgram
Prisoner'S dilemma
Vector (life space)
17. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Solomon Asch
Attitude
Social facilitation
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
18. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Richard Nisbett
Social exchange theory
Trucking company game
Inoculation theory
19. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Stanley MIlgram (study)
Valence (life space)
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Groupthink
20. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Pluralistic ignorance
Harold Kelley
Sunk cost
Oversimplification
21. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love
Elaine Hatfield
Stanley Milgram
Stimulus-overload theory
M. Rokeach
22. Hawthorne effect
Henry Landsberger
Stanley Milgram
Stuart Valins
Reactance
23. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge
Social loafing
Oversimplification
Excitation-transfer theory
Robbers' cave experiment
24. Method of work design - acknowledges interaction between people and technology in the workplace
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Sociotechnical systems
Group polarization
M.J.Lerner
25. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action
Vector (life space)
Reactance
Pluralistic ignorance
Life space
26. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Attribution theory
Vector (life space)
Leonard Berkowitz
Self-perception theory
27. Refusal to conform - may occur as result of blatant attempt to control; will not conform if forewarned that others will try to change them
Role
Reactance
Actor-observer attributional divergence
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
28. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)
diffusion of responsibility
James Stoner
Representativeness heuristic
Stuart Valins
29. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer
M. Rokeach
Slippery slope
Vector (life space)
Actor-observer attributional divergence
30. Thinking if someone has a good quality then he has only good qualities
Fritz Heider
Halo effect
Hindsight bias
J. Rodin and E. Langer
31. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less
Door-in-the-face
Overjustification effect
Reciprocal interaction
Henry Landsberger
32. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Self-perception theory
Richard Lazarus
Sociotechnical systems
33. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Pluralistic ignorance
Balance theory
M. Rokeach
Door-in-the-face
34. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Hindsight bias
Objective self-awareness
Passionate love
M. Rokeach
35. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Self-monitoring
Representativeness heuristic
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Social Psychology
36. Studied subjects who were first made to believe a state and then later told it was false. subjects continued to believe the state if they had processed it and devised their own logical explanation for it
Halo effect
Vector (life space)
Lee Ross
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
37. Elaboration likelihood model
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
Self-monitoring
Stimulus-overload theory
Self-presentation
38. Assuming most other people think as you do
Hazel Markus
Overjustification effect
False consensus bias
Pluralistic ignorance
39. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do
Social exchange theory
Overjustification effect
Irving Janis
Objective self-awareness
40. Group polarization
Contact (Groups)
Impression management
James Stoner
Illusion of control
41. Expert and/or trustworthy - similar to listener - acceptable to listener - overheard rather than obviously influencing - anecdotal - emotional - or shocking - part of a debate rather than one-sided argument
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42. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Kurt Lewin
Self-serving attributional bias
diffusion of responsibility
Risky shift
43. Presence of others enhance or hinder performance
Social facilitation
Reciprocal interaction
Illusory correlation
Stanley MIlgram (study)
44. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Availability heuristic
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Social support network
45. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Bogus pipeline
Social comparison
Richard Lazarus
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
46. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice
Life space
Equity theory
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
47. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Illusion of control
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
Role
48. Expense incurred and cannot be recovered; because money already spent is irrelevant to the future - best to ignore these when making decisions but we often do not
Objective self-awareness
Harold Kelley
Richard Nisbett
Sunk cost
49. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Impression management
Peter principle
Inoculation theory
50. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Walter Dill Scott
Mere-exposure effect
doll preference studies
Attraction (in order of importance)