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Test your basic knowledge |
GRE Psychology: Social Psychology
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Subjects
:
gre
,
psychology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Groups take greater risks than individuals
Richard Nisbett
Illusory correlation
Risky shift
Dissenter
2. Using shortcut about typical assumptions rather than relying on logic; basis of stereotypes- 6 feet tall beautiful women --> we think she'S more likely to be a model than lawyer
Reciprocal interaction
Balance theory
Representativeness heuristic
Attribution theory
3. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b
M.J.Lerner
Walter Dill Scott
Philip Zimbardo
Stuart Valins
4. Groupthink
Irving Janis
Risky shift
Vector (life space)
Ellen Langer
5. Illusion of control
Robert Zajonc
Mere-exposure effect
M.J.Lerner
Ellen Langer
6. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors
Leonard Berkowitz
Muzafer Sherif
elaboration likelihood model
Social support network
7. Self-perception theory
Sociotechnical systems
Ellen Langer
Stuart Valins
Daryl Bem
8. Theory of reasoned action
Henry Landsberger
diffusion of responsibility
Ellen Langer
M. Fischbein and I. Ajzen
9. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of
Ingroup/outgroup bias
Reciprocal socialization
Stanley Milgram
Social exchange theory
10. Hawthorne effect
Balance theory
Henry Landsberger
Mere-exposure effect
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
11. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management
Stuart Valins
Role
Self-presentation
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
12. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating
Vector (life space)
Stanley Milgram
Groupthink
Prisoner'S dilemma
13. Prejudice - showed group conflict most effectively overcome by need for cooperative attention to a higher superordinate goal; 2 groups of 12-year-old boys - 3 phases of group dynamics: in-group phase (bonding with own group) - friction phase (groups
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14. Conformity; go along publicly but not privately
Field theory
Door-in-the-face
Compliance
Reactance
15. The study of how people relate to and influence each other
Ellen Langer
Stanley Milgram
Sleeper effect
Social Psychology
16. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes
Self-perception theory
Sleeper effect
Gain-loss theory
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
17. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`
Peter principle
Social comparison
Contact (Groups)
Just world bias
18. Tendency to work less hard in a group as a result of diffusion of responsibility; guarded against when each individual is closely monitored
Illusory correlation
Reciprocity of disclosure
Social loafing
competition
19. Code facial expressions for emotion; can determine whether a smile is genuine (happiness engages the upper cheek) or fake (eyes and whole face are less involved)
Impression management
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
Richard Nisbett
20. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour
Barrier (life space)
elaboration likelihood model
doll preference studies
Reciprocal interaction
21. How stimuli are rated - the more we see/experience something - the more positively we rate it
Mere-exposure effect
Slippery slope
Base-rate fallacy
Equity theory
22. Studied stres sand coping - - differentiated between problem-focused coping (changing stressor) and emotion-focused coping (changing response)
Richard Lazarus
Mere-exposure effect
McGuire
Robbers' cave experiment
23. Process by which people pay close attention to their actions - often change behaviours to be more favourable
Prisoner'S dilemma
Actor-observer attributional divergence
Self-monitoring
Availability heuristic
24. People act in order to obtain gain and avoid loss; people favour situations that start out negative and end positive - even compared to completely positive situations
Attitude
Theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour
Gain-loss theory
Vector (life space)
25. Believing after the fact that you knew something all along
McGuire
Hindsight bias
Robert Zajonc
Inoculation theory
26. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms
Trucking company game
Henry Landsberger
Oversimplification
Social Psychology
27. A positive - negative or neutral evaluation of a person - issue or object
Self-monitoring
Peter principle
Attitude
Self-presentation
28. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with
Hazel Markus
Daryl Bem
Base-rate fallacy
Sociotechnical systems
29. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action
Walter Dill Scott
Ellen Langer
Harold Kelley
Slippery slope
30. Assuming most other people think as you do
Richard Lazarus
False consensus bias
Role
Prisoner'S dilemma
31. Nursing home residents with plants to care for have better health
Social facilitation
Contact (Groups)
J. Rodin and E. Langer
Solomon Asch
32. Just world bias
Irving Janis
Stanley Milgram
Solomon Asch
M.J.Lerner
33. Competition for scare resources usually causes conflict in a group - Sherif'S Robber'S cave experiment
Self-presentation
competition
Equity theory
Elaine Hatfield
34. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting
Group polarization
Bogus pipeline
Stanley Milgram
elaboration likelihood model
35. The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined - achieved via mutual trust - respect - and commitment
Just world bias
Solomon Asch
Compassionate love
Risky shift
36. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract
Slippery slope
Lee Ross
Robbers' cave experiment
Attraction (in order of importance)
37. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger
Social exchange theory
Solomon Asch
Attitude
Valence (life space)
38. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)
Availability heuristic
Impression management
Equity theory
Passionate love
39. Showed that we lack awareness for why we do what we do
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Gain-loss theory
Social comparison
Richard Nisbett
40. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian
Increase in likelihood to conform (factors)
Sleeper effect
Prisoner'S dilemma
Stuart Valins
41. Dislike(-) - like (+) - balance if 1 or 3 + - imbalance if 0 or 2 + - too simplistic - Balance exists when all 3 fit together harmoniously - when there sin'T balance - there will be stress - and a tendency to remove stress by achieving balance
Gain-loss theory
Kaplan:Relationship betwen P - O and X
Walter Dill Scott
Oversimplification
42. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence
Vector (life space)
Field theory
Philip Zimbardo
Factors that a speaker has to most likely change a listener'S attitude
43. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related
Social facilitation
Peter principle
Illusory correlation
Reciprocity of disclosure
44. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree
Stimulus-overload theory
Social facilitation
Pluralistic ignorance
Field theory
45. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis
Daryl Bem
M.J.Lerner
Stimulus-overload theory
Balance theory
46. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it
Trucking company game
Objective self-awareness
Risky shift
R.E. Petty and J.T. Cacioppo
47. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game
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48. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
Robbers' cave experiment
Muzafer Sherif
49. Person who speaks out against majority
Life space
Dissenter
Availability heuristic
deindividuation
50. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others
Self-presentation
Stuart Valins
Norman Triplett
Cognitive dissonance theory