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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Group polarization






2. Cognitive dissonance theory






3. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






4. Tendency for person doing the behaviour to have different perspective on situation than observer






5. Evaluating one'S own actions - abilities - opinions - and ideas and comparing to others; - since others are generally familiar people (own social group) - used for argument against mainstreaming; --> when children with difficulties in classes with no






6. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






7. Constant exchange of influences between people - constant factor in our behaviour






8. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






9. Clark; demonstrated negative effects that group segregation had on African-American children'S self-esteem - they thought white dolls were better






10. Person who speaks out against majority






11. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






12. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






13. Had subjects listen to 'opinion' of others of which lines were equal - subjects conformed to clearly incorrect opinion of others 33% of the time; unanimity seemed to be influential






14. Illusion of control






15. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






16. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






17. The tendency that the larger the group - the less likely individuals in the group will act or take responsibility - result of deindividuation (Kitty Genovese care)






18. When 2 parties adapt to or are socialized by each other (e.g. parents and children)






19. Self-perception theory






20. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






21. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






22. Follows from self-perception theory; tendency to assume we must not want to do things we are paid or compensated to do






23. Theory of reasoned action






24. Study how to increase worker productivity at Hawthorne Works - reported anything they did increased productivity; because performance changes when people are being observed






25. Interpreting own actions and motives ina positive way - blaming situations for failures and taking credit for successes; think self as better than average






26. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






27. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






28. Doll preference studies






29. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






30. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment






31. Groups take greater risks than individuals






32. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






33. Presence of others helps with easy tasks but hinders complex tasks






34. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






35. Argued that human have 6 basic emotions: sadness - happiness - fear - anger - surprise - disgust - drew conclusion from cross-cultural studies - individuals could recognize facial expressions corresponding to those six; FACS coding






36. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






37. Fischbein and Ajzen; people'S behaviour in a given situation is determined by attitude about situation and social norms; perceived behavioural control - attitude toward behaviour - behavioural intentions - subjective social norms; grounded in various






38. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






39. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






40. First official social psychology experiment on social facilitation; cyclists performed better when paced by others






41. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






42. Stimulus-overload theory; also experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of






43. Sales tactic - persuader ask for more than they would ever get and then 'Settle' for less






44. Inoculation theory






45. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






46. An instrument that measures physiological reactions in order to measure truthfulness of attitude self-reporting






47. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






48. Achieved through: self-perception - high-self-monitoring - internality - self-efficacy; experiments facilitate this by having subjects perform tasks while looking in a mirror; deindividuation works against it






49. Assuming most other people think as you do






50. Hawthorne effect