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GRE Psychology: Social Psychology

Subjects : gre, psychology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Area of study that combines social and clinical ideas - for mental health






2. Prisoner'S dilemma - trucking company game to illustrate struggle between cooperation and competition






3. Beliefs are more vulnerable if never faced challenge






4. Bem; alternative explanation to cognitive dissonance; - when people are unsure of beliefs - they take cues from own behaviour (rather than aligning beliefs to match actions) - $1000 to work on Saturday






5. Assuming most other people think as you do






6. The Kitty Genovese care (murder witnessed by many people) - Why people are less likely to help when others are present






7. Hawthorne effect






8. Groups take greater risks than individuals






9. Theory of reasoned action






10. With opposing party decreases conflict - we fear what we do not know`






11. Likely to occur in a group with unquestioned beliefs - pressure to conform - invulnerability - censors - cohesiveness - isolation - strong leader; to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critical testing - analyzing - or evaluating






12. One of the first to apply psychology to business - specifically in advertising; also involved in helping military implement psychological testing to aid with personnel selection






13. Experiment where participants ordered to give 'painful electric shocks' to a 'learner' when incorrect - explored how people respond to orders; conditions that facilitated conformity: remoteness of victim - proximity of commander - legitimate-seeming






14. It is majority opinion - majority has unanimous position - majority has high status majority or individual is concerned for her own status - situation in public - not previously committed to a position - low self-esteem - scores high on authoritarian






15. Milgram; explains why urbanities are less prosocial than country people; they do not need any more interaction; e.g. emergency situations familiar to city people - novelty for town people will attract attention and help






16. When one'S expectations draw out (in a way - cause) the expected behaviour






17. Lewin; life space; + if person thinks region will reduce tension by meeting present needs - - if region with increase tension/ danger






18. Overestimating the general frequency of things we are most familiar with






19. When people think there is a higher proportion of one thing in a group than there really is because examples of that one thing come to mind more easily; e.g. read a list - half celebrity names - half random - may think more celebrities than random be






20. Heider; how people infer causes of other'S behaviour; attribute intentions and emotions to almost anything - even shapes on a screen; 3 elements: locus - stability - controllability






21. Attribution theory - balance theory






22. Lewin; life space; pushes person in the direction of + valence - away from - valence






23. Deutsch; 2 companies can choose to cooperate and agree on high fixed prices - or compete with lower prices - but lack of complete trust will choose to compete; prisoner'S dilemma in economic terms






24. Set of behaviour norms that seem suitable for a person






25. Petty and Cacioppo; model of persuasion suggests those involved in an issue listen to strength of arguments rather than more superficial factors






26. Those in a group think their members have more positive qualities and fewer negative than members in another group even if qualities are the same; basis for prejudice






27. Frustration-aggression hypothesis






28. Persuasive communication from a source of low credibility may become more acceptable later; perhaps memory+discounting cue is severed over time - later recalling a source is less available - or differential decay: impact of cue decays faster than mes






29. Tendency to make simple explanations for complex events - people hold onto original ideas about cause even when new factors emerge






30. Heider; how people make feelings/actions consistent to preserve psychological homeostasis






31. Behaving in ways that might make a good impression






32. Berkowitz; there is a relationship between frustration in achieving a goal (no matter how small) and show aggression






33. People who are near us (propinquity) -physically attractive - attitudes similar to our own - like us back (reciprocity); opposites do not attract






34. Assuming 2 unrelated things are related






35. People are promoted at work until they reach a position of incompetence in which they remain






36. Intense longing for the union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal - biophysiological - can be positive(when love is reciprocal) and negative (when love is unrequited)






37. Going along with real or perceived group pressure - compliance - acceptance






38. Occurs when individual identity or accountability is de-emphasized - may be the result of mingling in a crowd - wearing uniforms - or otherwise adopting a larger group identity






39. Festinger; it is uncomfortable for people to have beliefs that do not match actions; people are motivated to back actions up by changing beliefs; the less act is justified by circumstance - the more we feel need to justify it by aligning attitude wit






40. Ellen langer - Belief that you can control things that you actually have no influence on - The driving force behind manipulating the lottery - gambling and superstition






41. Deutsch; if 2 criminals detained separately - best strategy is for neither to talk - but it is a gamble that requires trust - so most spill the beans; in economic terms is the trucking company game

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42. Most in a group privately disagree but incorrectly believe most in group agree






43. The total influences upon individual behavior






44. 2 basic types of love: passionate love and compassionate love






45. Continued Milgram'S study - --> deindividuated individuals more willing to administer higher levels of shock; --> prison simulation experiments found normal subjects could easily be transformed into sadistic prison guards; --> also found antisocial b






46. Humans interact in ways that maximize reward and minimize costs






47. Particularly positive self-presentation is influencial on behaviour - we act in ways that align with our attitudes or in ways that will be accepted by others; self-monitoring; impression management






48. The attributions we make about our actions or those of others usually accurate; we base this on consistency - distinctiveness - and consensus of the action






49. Lewin; collection of forces (valence - vector - barrier) on the individual - field of perception and action






50. Experiment - people'S descriptions of the autokinetic effect were influenced by others' descriptions; also win/lose game-type competition can trigger conflict in groups - Robbers' cave experiment