SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Inductive Reasoning
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 24 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In enumerative induction - a sample that resembles the target group in all relevant ways.
Representative Sample
analogical induction
Inference to the best explanation
Margin of Error
2. If two or more occurrences of a phenomenon have only one relevant factor in common - that factor must be the cause.
Relevant Property
Inductive Argument
Method of Agreement
Opinion polls
3. In statistical theory - the probability that the sample will accurately represent the target group within the margin of error.
Confidence Level
Margin of Error
Method of Difference
analogical induction
4. (or property in question) In enumerative induction - a property - or characteristic - that is of interest in the target group.
Inference to the best explanation
Relevant Property
Target Group
Biased Sample
5. (or sample member) In enumerative induction - the observed members of the target group.
causal argument
Biased Sample
Inference to the best explanation
Sample
6. A sample that is selected randomly from a target group in such a way as to ensure that the sample is representative. In a simple random selection - every member of the target group has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.
Inductive Argument
Random Sample
Target Group
Representative Sample
7. Argue from premises about some members of a group to a generalization about the entire group. The entire group is called the target group; the observed members of the group - the sample; and the group characteristics we're interested in - the relevan
Biased Sample
Analogy
Sufficient Condition
Enumerative Argument
8. Enumerative inductive arguments - or the basis of enumerative inductive arguments - and must be judged by the same general criteria used to judge any other enumerative induction.
Target Group
Confidence Level
Opinion polls
Necessary Condition
9. A sample that does not properly represent the target group.
Target Group
Method of Difference
Biased Sample
Confidence Level
10. An enumerative induction can fail to be strong by having a sample that's too small or not representative. When we draw a conclusion about a target group based on an inadequate sample size
causal argument
Biased Sample
hasty generalization
Margin of Error
11. Enumerative - Analogical - & Causal.
Relevant Property
Analogy
Sufficient Condition
3 Forms of Inductive Argument
12. The relevant factor present when a phenomenon occurs - and absent when the phenomenon does not occur - must be the cause.
Confidence Level
Causal claim
Method of Difference
Inference to the best explanation
13. A comparison of two or more things alike in specific respects.
analogical induction
Opinion polls
Analogy
Target Group
14. A condition for the occurrence of an event without which the event cannot occur.
post hoc - ergo propter hoc
causal argument
Method of Concomitant Variation
Necessary Condition
15. (after that - therefore because of that). The fallacy of reasoning that just because B followed A - A must have caused B.
post hoc - ergo propter hoc
Representative Sample
Margin of Error
Necessary Condition
16. A statement about the cause of things.
Random Sample
Method of Difference
Causal claim
Method of Agreement
17. (or target population) In enumerative induction - the whole collection of individuals under study.
Method of Concomitant Variation
Target Group
Enumerative Argument
3 Forms of Inductive Argument
18. A condition for the occurrence of an event that guarantees that the event occurs.
Inductive Argument
Method of Difference
Inference to the best explanation
Sufficient Condition
19. Argument intended to give probable support for its conclusion.
hasty generalization
Method of Agreement
Biased Sample
Inductive Argument
20. The variation between the values derived from a sample and the true values of the whole target group.
hasty generalization
Method of Difference
Method of Concomitant Variation
Margin of Error
21. Reason that because two or more things are similar in several respects - they must be similar in some further respect. We evaluate arguments by analogy according to several criteria: (1) the number of relevant similarities between things being compar
Relevant Property
Representative Sample
analogical induction
3 Forms of Inductive Argument
22. When two events are correlated--when one varies in close connection w/ the other--they are probably related.
Method of Concomitant Variation
Confidence Level
Random Sample
causal argument
23. A form of inductive reasoning in which we reason from premises about a state of affairs to an explanation for that state of affairs:
Inference to the best explanation
post hoc - ergo propter hoc
Method of Difference
Representative Sample
24. Inductive argument whose conclusion contains a causal claim. There are several inductive patterns of reasoning used to assess causal connections. These include the Method of Agreement - the Method of Difference - the Method of Agreement and Differenc
causal argument
Sufficient Condition
Enumerative Argument
Analogy