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Introductory Logic Vocab

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises






2. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the falsity of the particular necessitates the falsity of the universal






3. A representation of a syllogism - having statements in standard order with standard abbreviations of its terms






4. Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules






5. An argument that uses only hypothetical statements






6. A concept that can be expressed precisely






7. A statement of the opposite quality with a negated predicate






8. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid






9. A word - often a relative pronoun or adverb - that refers to a broad range of things or times






10. Any statement is either true or false






11. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings






12. A word is ambiguous if it has more than one possible meaning






13. The quantity of a statement is the scope of its claim about the extension of the subject: universal (entire extension) or particular (partial)






14. The subject of a statement is the term being described - or about which something is asserted






15. An illegimate appeal to authority






16. A vagueness of grammar that disguises or alters meaning






17. A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate






18. An argument in which a statement is unstated and assumed. Specifically - it is a syllogism with one assumed statement






19. Arguments that confuse the issue by pointing to information that is actually irrelevant to the conclusion






20. Deductive argument consisting of three statements in categorical form that together use only three terms - called the major - minor - and middle






21. An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements






22. An illegitimate appeal to a majority






23. A statement cannot be both true and false






24. The science and art of reasoning well






25. Difference of opinion or perception






26. Arguments that fail to establish their conclusions because of a weakness in logical structure






27. A real disagreement is an actual inconsistancy between two statements: they cannot both be true at the same time






28. The subject of the conclusion and is used in the other premise






29. Improperly assuming that a sequence in time implies a cause and effect






30. Deals directly with the proper modes of reasoning






31. Two statements are consistent if they can both be true at the same time






32. An argument from lack of evidence






33. Two statements are independant if the truth or falsity of one has no effect on the truth or falsity of the other






34. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true






35. The fallacy of transferring attributes from whole to part






36. A supported statement is a statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from outside itself






37. The predicate of the conclusion and is used in one premise






38. Secretly assuming what you are trying to prove






39. Is a syllogism of the same form as the original - but with obviously true premises and false conclusion - in order to show the original to be invalid






40. A question crafted to exclude any possible legitimate response






41. The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term






42. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular






43. Alters the meaning of a statement through changed emphasis






44. When there appears to be inconsistency - we have a disagreement






45. Two statements are subcontraries if and only if both can be true but both cannot be false






46. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another






47. Making an argument based on a false dilemma






48. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it






49. Found once in each premise






50. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.