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Introductory Logic Vocab
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Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Points to an inconsistency between a person's argument and behavior
tautology
law of excluded middle
ad populum
tu quoque
2. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
fallacies of ambiguity
distributed term
chronological snobbery
figure
3. A number from 1 to 4 identifying the placement of its middle term
figure
consequent
bulverism
post hoc ergo propter hoc
4. Difference of opinion or perception
extension
hypothetical
apparent disagreement
law of Non-Contradiction
5. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
subcontrariety
enthymeme
valid
real disagreement
6. Arguments that confuse the issue by pointing to information that is actually irrelevant to the conclusion
law of Non-Contradiction
fallacy of distraction
post hoc ergo propter hoc
valid
7. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
hypothetical
self-contradiction
division
subject
8. Words that set boundaries - referring only to a limited class of things
fallacies of form
exclusives
mood
verbal disagreement
9. Making an argument based on a false dilemma
either/or
ad baculum
counterexample
mixed hypothetical syllogism
10. Deals directly with the proper modes of reasoning
fallacy of distraction
formal logic
subject
division
11. Found once in each premise
middle term
chronological snobbery
fallacies of form
exclusives
12. A tautology is a statement which is always true because of its logical structure
apparent disagreement
complex question
tautology
circular reasoning
13. The set of all terms not included in the given term
ad hominem
complement of a term
mixed hypothetical syllogism
bulverism
14. Is valid and has true premises
sound syllogism
exclusives
apparent disagreement
converse of a statement
15. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another
conclusion
logical equivalence
subject
subimplication
16. The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term
argument`
circular reasoning
intension
complement of a term
17. Secretly assuming what you are trying to prove
circular reasoning
pure hypothetical syllogism
extension
valid
18. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the falsity of the particular necessitates the falsity of the universal
enthymeme
supported statements
either/or
superimplication
19. Contains the minor term
minor premise
chronological snobbery
independance
statement
20. An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements
immediate reference
mixed hypothetical syllogism
complex question
antecedent
21. Two statements are subcontraries if and only if both can be true but both cannot be false
either/or
fallacy of accent
subcontrariety
inclusive
22. A popular but invalid (or unhelpful) form of argument
sound syllogism
division
informal fallacy
extension
23. A word - often a relative pronoun or adverb - that refers to a broad range of things or times
inclusive
equivocation
fallacies of form
quantity
24. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
self-supporting statements
contrapositive of a statement
immediate reference
logic
25. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
conclusion
mixed hypothetical syllogism
counterexample
either/or
26. The subject of the conclusion and is used in the other premise
counterexample
self-contradiction
minor term
intension
27. An argument based merely on the passage of time
law of identity
intension
mixed hypothetical syllogism
chronological snobbery
28. Changing the definition of a term in the middle of an argument
tu quoque
figure
either/or
equivocation
29. A real disagreement is an actual inconsistancy between two statements: they cannot both be true at the same time
minor premise
real disagreement
inclusive
ipse dixit
30. A question crafted to exclude any possible legitimate response
equivocation
complex question
apriorism
superimplication
31. An argument that uses only hypothetical statements
ipse dixit
counterexample
pure hypothetical syllogism
apparent disagreement
32. Two statements are consistent if they can both be true at the same time
informal fallacy
division
obverse of a statement
consistant
33. A verbal disagreement is a misunderstanding due to differing definitions to differing definitions for one or more words
term
either/or
verbal disagreement
equivocation
34. Alters the meaning of a statement through changed emphasis
fallacy of accent
conclusion
induction
antecedent
35. Arguments that fail to establish their conclusions because of a weakness in logical structure
major term
amphiboly
minor term
fallacies of form
36. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid
complement of a term
self-contradiction
supported statements
non sequitur
37. Two statements are independant if the truth or falsity of one has no effect on the truth or falsity of the other
ipse dixit
minor premise
non sequitur
independance
38. A hasty generalization
fallacies of form
apriorism
amphiboly
consistant
39. An illegitimate appeal to force
consequent
exclusives
subject
ad baculum
40. Two statements are related by implication if the truth of one requires the truth of the other
antecedent
implication
verbal disagreement
argument`
41. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
composition
subject
contradiction
contrapositive of a statement
42. Is a syllogism of the same form as the original - but with obviously true premises and false conclusion - in order to show the original to be invalid
counterexample
mixed hypothetical syllogism
real disagreement
schema
43. A genus of a term is a term that is more general - broad - or abstract than the original term and includes it
complex question
genus
hypothetical
tu quoque
44. An argument from lack of evidence
fallacies of ambiguity
superimplication
ad ignorantiam
self-supporting statements
45. The science and art of reasoning well
logic
schema
ad baculum
major premise
46. When there appears to be inconsistency - we have a disagreement
fallacy of distraction
either/or
disagreement
real disagreement
47. The condition - the part following the 'if'
schema
contrapositive of a statement
fallacy of accent
antecedent
48. Deductive argument consisting of three statements in categorical form that together use only three terms - called the major - minor - and middle
categorical syllogism
valid
obverse of a statement
antecedent
49. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it
consistant
bulverism
non sequitur
ad baculum
50. The fallacy of transferring attributes from whole to part
division
statement
inclusive
law of Non-Contradiction
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