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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The predicate of the conclusion and is used in one premise
logical equivalence
major term
logic
superimplication
2. A statement cannot be both true and false
law of excluded middle
law of Non-Contradiction
quantity
exclusives
3. Two statements are subcontraries if and only if both can be true but both cannot be false
subcontrariety
verbal disagreement
contrary
counterexample
4. A term that - within a statement - refers to all members of its class
immediate reference
distributed term
verbal disagreement
exclusives
5. The premise containing the major term
major premise
apriorism
tu quoque
subcontrariety
6. The set of all terms not included in the given term
counterexample
superimplication
mood
complement of a term
7. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another
post hoc ergo propter hoc
logical equivalence
either/or
quantity
8. A statement of the opposite quality with a negated predicate
ambiguous
obverse of a statement
apparent disagreement
converse of a statement
9. A statement that reverses and negates both the subject and predicate of the original
induction
contrapositive of a statement
counterexample
law of identity
10. A statement that reverses the subject and predicate
self-supporting statements
converse of a statement
induction
verbal disagreement
11. Points to an inconsistency between a person's argument and behavior
supported statements
either/or
tu quoque
disagreement
12. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
conclusion
genus
subcontrariety
hypothetical
13. A self-supporting statement is a statement whose truth value can be determined from the statement itself
consistant
verbal disagreement
self-supporting statements
law of identity
14. The science and art of reasoning well
tautology
either/or
square of oppisition
logic
15. Two statements are related by implication if the truth of one requires the truth of the other
implication
argument`
conclusion
independance
16. An illegitimate appeal to force
immediate reference
self-contradiction
ad baculum
post hoc ergo propter hoc
17. A self-contradiction is a statement that is false due to its logical structure
conclusion
self-contradiction
composition
fallacy of accent
18. Is valid and has true premises
sound syllogism
logic
exclusives
composition
19. The subject of the conclusion and is used in the other premise
ad ignorantiam
minor term
ipse dixit
non sequitur
20. Two statements are consistent if they can both be true at the same time
square of oppisition
term
consistant
independance
21. Making an argument based on a false dilemma
either/or
informal fallacy
fallacy of accent
term
22. A genus of a term is a term that is more general - broad - or abstract than the original term and includes it
genus
independance
complex question
antecedent
23. Arguments that fail to establish their conclusions because of a weakness in logical structure
division
fallacies of form
extension
consequent
24. A word - often a relative pronoun or adverb - that refers to a broad range of things or times
formal logic
inclusive
extension
informal fallacy
25. When there appears to be inconsistency - we have a disagreement
sound syllogism
consequent
disagreement
ad hominem
26. Arguments that confuse the issue by pointing to information that is actually irrelevant to the conclusion
fallacy of distraction
logical equivalence
law of excluded middle
self-supporting statements
27. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
fallacies of ambiguity
division
argument`
self-contradiction
28. A popular but invalid (or unhelpful) form of argument
square of oppisition
contrary
middle term
informal fallacy
29. An illegitimate appeal to a majority
formal logic
fallacies of ambiguity
complex question
ad populum
30. Deductive argument consisting of three statements in categorical form that together use only three terms - called the major - minor - and middle
either/or
categorical syllogism
enthymeme
ambiguous
31. An argument in which a statement is unstated and assumed. Specifically - it is a syllogism with one assumed statement
enthymeme
consistant
apriorism
mixed hypothetical syllogism
32. Difference of opinion or perception
mixed hypothetical syllogism
apparent disagreement
self-contradiction
subcontrariety
33. A tautology is a statement which is always true because of its logical structure
inclusive
immediate reference
tautology
apriorism
34. A vagueness of grammar that disguises or alters meaning
ad hominem
implication
amphiboly
contradiction
35. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
major term
ad hominem
ipse dixit
valid
36. The fallacy of transferring attributes from whole to part
division
inclusive
converse of a statement
consistant
37. Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules
chronological snobbery
quantity
apriorism
induction
38. A verbal disagreement is a misunderstanding due to differing definitions to differing definitions for one or more words
genus
disagreement
either/or
verbal disagreement
39. A real disagreement is an actual inconsistancy between two statements: they cannot both be true at the same time
independance
implication
real disagreement
square of oppisition
40. An illegimate appeal to authority
ipse dixit
contrary
enthymeme
complement of a term
41. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular
law of excluded middle
induction
superimplication
subimplication
42. A hasty generalization
apriorism
contrapositive of a statement
contrary
complement of a term
43. Contains the minor term
fallacies of ambiguity
ad ignorantiam
minor premise
distributed term
44. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
formal logic
major premise
immediate reference
non sequitur
45. If a statement is true - then it is true
ambiguous
valid
implication
law of identity
46. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
ambiguous
conclusion
minor premise
minor term
47. A number from 1 to 4 identifying the placement of its middle term
logical equivalence
immediate reference
valid
figure
48. Two statements are in contradiction if and only if they always have opposite truth values
verbal disagreement
bulverism
contradiction
quantity
49. A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate
square of oppisition
fallacies of form
informal fallacy
bulverism
50. An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements
minor term
contrary
ambiguous
mixed hypothetical syllogism