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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A term that - within a statement - refers to all members of its class
complement of a term
antecedent
subject
distributed term
2. The predicate of the conclusion and is used in one premise
implication
disagreement
major term
mixed hypothetical syllogism
3. Two statements are contrary if and only if they can both be false but cannot both be true
contrary
argument`
counterexample
square of oppisition
4. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
valid
equivocation
disagreement
subject
5. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
implication
fallacies of ambiguity
valid
composition
6. A word is ambiguous if it has more than one possible meaning
ambiguous
verbal disagreement
major term
supported statements
7. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
conclusion
tautology
division
immediate reference
8. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular
ipse dixit
sound syllogism
circular reasoning
subimplication
9. Deals directly with the proper modes of reasoning
pure hypothetical syllogism
formal logic
middle term
converse of a statement
10. A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate
mixed hypothetical syllogism
ad baculum
ambiguous
square of oppisition
11. A self-supporting statement is a statement whose truth value can be determined from the statement itself
self-supporting statements
intension
formal logic
non sequitur
12. Making an argument based on a false dilemma
counterexample
independance
either/or
enthymeme
13. A statement cannot be both true and false
law of Non-Contradiction
term
ad populum
ad hominem
14. The subject of a statement is the term being described - or about which something is asserted
antecedent
subject
law of excluded middle
informal fallacy
15. A hasty generalization
pure hypothetical syllogism
inclusive
fallacies of form
apriorism
16. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
either/or
formal logic
implication
composition
17. Secretly assuming what you are trying to prove
categorical syllogism
circular reasoning
verbal disagreement
immediate reference
18. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid
non sequitur
figure
major premise
valid
19. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another
logical equivalence
minor term
law of excluded middle
amphiboly
20. Two statements are independant if the truth or falsity of one has no effect on the truth or falsity of the other
complement of a term
intension
independance
amphiboly
21. Two statements are related by implication if the truth of one requires the truth of the other
implication
bulverism
valid
induction
22. Deductive argument consisting of three statements in categorical form that together use only three terms - called the major - minor - and middle
contradiction
disagreement
categorical syllogism
implication
23. A three letter description of the types of categorical statements it contains when arranged in stadard order
ad populum
counterexample
fallacy of distraction
mood
24. The result of the condition - the part after the 'then'
minor premise
consequent
subimplication
major term
25. Points to an inconsistency between a person's argument and behavior
composition
informal fallacy
hypothetical
tu quoque
26. A question crafted to exclude any possible legitimate response
complex question
induction
subject
formal logic
27. The extention of a term is the sum of all the individual objects described by it
extension
counterexample
fallacies of form
induction
28. The quantity of a statement is the scope of its claim about the extension of the subject: universal (entire extension) or particular (partial)
disagreement
exclusives
quantity
enthymeme
29. An argument that uses only hypothetical statements
law of identity
disagreement
pure hypothetical syllogism
non sequitur
30. An argument from lack of evidence
composition
consistant
ad ignorantiam
law of excluded middle
31. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it
bulverism
conclusion
fallacies of form
complement of a term
32. Arguments that fail to establish their conclusions because of a weakness in logical structure
sound syllogism
statement
fallacies of form
implication
33. A real disagreement is an actual inconsistancy between two statements: they cannot both be true at the same time
apparent disagreement
real disagreement
quantity
minor premise
34. The subject of the conclusion and is used in the other premise
division
exclusives
minor term
subimplication
35. When there appears to be inconsistency - we have a disagreement
disagreement
extension
mood
induction
36. An argument in which a statement is unstated and assumed. Specifically - it is a syllogism with one assumed statement
informal fallacy
enthymeme
self-supporting statements
supported statements
37. A tautology is a statement which is always true because of its logical structure
tautology
self-contradiction
bulverism
valid
38. Two statements are in contradiction if and only if they always have opposite truth values
contradiction
ad ignorantiam
enthymeme
division
39. A verbal disagreement is a misunderstanding due to differing definitions to differing definitions for one or more words
fallacy of distraction
bulverism
verbal disagreement
logic
40. A popular but invalid (or unhelpful) form of argument
informal fallacy
ipse dixit
tu quoque
self-supporting statements
41. A statement that reverses the subject and predicate
self-contradiction
converse of a statement
equivocation
counterexample
42. A genus of a term is a term that is more general - broad - or abstract than the original term and includes it
subimplication
genus
either/or
chronological snobbery
43. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
post hoc ergo propter hoc
immediate reference
consequent
exclusives
44. Contains the minor term
contrapositive of a statement
extension
minor premise
fallacy of accent
45. Is a syllogism of the same form as the original - but with obviously true premises and false conclusion - in order to show the original to be invalid
law of identity
fallacy of accent
counterexample
subject
46. Is valid and has true premises
sound syllogism
either/or
division
verbal disagreement
47. A number from 1 to 4 identifying the placement of its middle term
figure
contrapositive of a statement
logical equivalence
enthymeme
48. A representation of a syllogism - having statements in standard order with standard abbreviations of its terms
complement of a term
contrapositive of a statement
schema
enthymeme
49. The fallacy of transferring attributes from whole to part
composition
categorical syllogism
division
square of oppisition
50. An illegitimate appeal to force
ad baculum
consistant
circular reasoning
minor premise