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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A word is ambiguous if it has more than one possible meaning
ambiguous
ipse dixit
valid
square of oppisition
2. Arguments that fail to establish their conclusions because of a weakness in logical structure
fallacies of form
subimplication
ad populum
real disagreement
3. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another
logical equivalence
extension
verbal disagreement
antecedent
4. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
tu quoque
hypothetical
inclusive
verbal disagreement
5. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
subcontrariety
immediate reference
ad hominem
complex question
6. The extention of a term is the sum of all the individual objects described by it
counterexample
extension
obverse of a statement
mood
7. Arguments that confuse the issue by pointing to information that is actually irrelevant to the conclusion
obverse of a statement
logical equivalence
fallacy of distraction
inclusive
8. A supported statement is a statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from outside itself
minor term
supported statements
figure
composition
9. A set of statements - one of which appears to be implied or supported by the others
implication
fallacy of distraction
middle term
argument`
10. An illegitimate appeal to force
antecedent
ad baculum
middle term
genus
11. Making an argument based on a false dilemma
tautology
either/or
independance
ad populum
12. An argument based merely on the passage of time
argument`
subcontrariety
equivocation
chronological snobbery
13. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it
mood
fallacies of form
bulverism
fallacy of distraction
14. Difference of opinion or perception
contradiction
figure
apparent disagreement
argument`
15. Two statements are independant if the truth or falsity of one has no effect on the truth or falsity of the other
independance
consistant
either/or
bulverism
16. An argument in which a statement is unstated and assumed. Specifically - it is a syllogism with one assumed statement
composition
enthymeme
ad populum
major term
17. Secretly assuming what you are trying to prove
circular reasoning
law of identity
equivocation
antecedent
18. A term that - within a statement - refers to all members of its class
genus
valid
distributed term
disagreement
19. A concept that can be expressed precisely
amphiboly
term
immediate reference
genus
20. The subject of a statement is the term being described - or about which something is asserted
complement of a term
either/or
non sequitur
subject
21. The set of all terms not included in the given term
logic
complement of a term
informal fallacy
induction
22. If a statement is true - then it is true
law of identity
tautology
law of Non-Contradiction
counterexample
23. Is valid and has true premises
ad baculum
ad ignorantiam
complement of a term
sound syllogism
24. The quantity of a statement is the scope of its claim about the extension of the subject: universal (entire extension) or particular (partial)
term
quantity
conclusion
amphiboly
25. Contains the minor term
hypothetical
exclusives
minor premise
formal logic
26. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
formal logic
minor term
mixed hypothetical syllogism
fallacies of ambiguity
27. A real disagreement is an actual inconsistancy between two statements: they cannot both be true at the same time
minor term
subcontrariety
non sequitur
real disagreement
28. A popular but invalid (or unhelpful) form of argument
informal fallacy
superimplication
term
tautology
29. Two statements are in contradiction if and only if they always have opposite truth values
subimplication
converse of a statement
contradiction
complex question
30. Two statements are related by implication if the truth of one requires the truth of the other
superimplication
exclusives
bulverism
implication
31. An illegimate appeal to authority
minor premise
subcontrariety
supported statements
ipse dixit
32. Deals directly with the proper modes of reasoning
formal logic
subcontrariety
supported statements
sound syllogism
33. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
subject
complex question
conclusion
mood
34. A genus of a term is a term that is more general - broad - or abstract than the original term and includes it
genus
logic
equivocation
mood
35. A statement cannot be both true and false
obverse of a statement
enthymeme
law of Non-Contradiction
induction
36. The predicate of the conclusion and is used in one premise
ambiguous
inclusive
tautology
major term
37. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular
fallacy of distraction
minor term
contrapositive of a statement
subimplication
38. Found once in each premise
middle term
circular reasoning
contrapositive of a statement
pure hypothetical syllogism
39. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid
complement of a term
minor term
non sequitur
term
40. Two statements are subcontraries if and only if both can be true but both cannot be false
subcontrariety
complement of a term
ambiguous
square of oppisition
41. Two statements are consistent if they can both be true at the same time
fallacies of form
consistant
law of identity
formal logic
42. The premise containing the major term
fallacy of accent
major premise
subject
fallacies of form
43. A statement that reverses the subject and predicate
mood
quantity
converse of a statement
ipse dixit
44. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
amphiboly
composition
consequent
intension
45. Any statement is either true or false
law of identity
law of excluded middle
contrapositive of a statement
middle term
46. An argument that uses only hypothetical statements
complement of a term
amphiboly
pure hypothetical syllogism
induction
47. Words that set boundaries - referring only to a limited class of things
ad ignorantiam
exclusives
post hoc ergo propter hoc
mood
48. A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate
square of oppisition
ad hominem
minor premise
genus
49. An illegitimate appeal to a majority
ad populum
minor term
statement
non sequitur
50. A vagueness of grammar that disguises or alters meaning
subimplication
middle term
amphiboly
apparent disagreement