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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it
major term
sound syllogism
bulverism
law of excluded middle
2. Words that set boundaries - referring only to a limited class of things
exclusives
induction
figure
logic
3. Two statements are consistent if they can both be true at the same time
consistant
consequent
self-supporting statements
apparent disagreement
4. A question crafted to exclude any possible legitimate response
verbal disagreement
complex question
statement
fallacy of distraction
5. Two statements are independant if the truth or falsity of one has no effect on the truth or falsity of the other
verbal disagreement
informal fallacy
tautology
independance
6. An argument that uses only hypothetical statements
chronological snobbery
tu quoque
argument`
pure hypothetical syllogism
7. A self-supporting statement is a statement whose truth value can be determined from the statement itself
self-supporting statements
complement of a term
self-contradiction
non sequitur
8. Points to an inconsistency between a person's argument and behavior
term
subject
tu quoque
amphiboly
9. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
conclusion
independance
extension
post hoc ergo propter hoc
10. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another
mixed hypothetical syllogism
apparent disagreement
fallacies of ambiguity
logical equivalence
11. Changing the definition of a term in the middle of an argument
self-contradiction
non sequitur
equivocation
tu quoque
12. A representation of a syllogism - having statements in standard order with standard abbreviations of its terms
schema
mixed hypothetical syllogism
obverse of a statement
ad hominem
13. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
quantity
fallacies of ambiguity
valid
genus
14. An illegimate appeal to authority
ipse dixit
figure
contrapositive of a statement
term
15. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
ambiguous
inclusive
valid
obverse of a statement
16. Deductive argument consisting of three statements in categorical form that together use only three terms - called the major - minor - and middle
bulverism
categorical syllogism
minor premise
law of Non-Contradiction
17. Found once in each premise
middle term
law of excluded middle
consistant
hypothetical
18. An illegitimate appeal to a majority
genus
self-supporting statements
subcontrariety
ad populum
19. A number from 1 to 4 identifying the placement of its middle term
minor term
figure
genus
disagreement
20. Alters the meaning of a statement through changed emphasis
fallacies of form
fallacy of accent
non sequitur
fallacies of ambiguity
21. Two statements are in contradiction if and only if they always have opposite truth values
counterexample
ipse dixit
argument`
contradiction
22. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
logic
composition
self-supporting statements
term
23. Is valid and has true premises
sound syllogism
informal fallacy
law of Non-Contradiction
argument`
24. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the falsity of the particular necessitates the falsity of the universal
square of oppisition
superimplication
enthymeme
quantity
25. Contains the minor term
fallacies of ambiguity
minor premise
exclusives
equivocation
26. The quantity of a statement is the scope of its claim about the extension of the subject: universal (entire extension) or particular (partial)
quantity
non sequitur
statement
disagreement
27. A sentence which is either true or false
tu quoque
statement
conclusion
either/or
28. Arguments that fail to establish their conclusions because of a weakness in logical structure
fallacies of form
either/or
disagreement
immediate reference
29. A word is ambiguous if it has more than one possible meaning
mixed hypothetical syllogism
composition
tautology
ambiguous
30. A concept that can be expressed precisely
term
inclusive
intension
statement
31. A hasty generalization
apriorism
antecedent
contrary
square of oppisition
32. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
immediate reference
intension
conclusion
square of oppisition
33. A term that - within a statement - refers to all members of its class
contrapositive of a statement
minor term
distributed term
ad baculum
34. The subject of the conclusion and is used in the other premise
intension
complex question
sound syllogism
minor term
35. A self-contradiction is a statement that is false due to its logical structure
ad populum
ipse dixit
inclusive
self-contradiction
36. The set of all terms not included in the given term
subcontrariety
mood
complement of a term
exclusives
37. An argument from lack of evidence
mood
ad ignorantiam
contrary
contrapositive of a statement
38. An illegitimate appeal to force
formal logic
term
ad baculum
mood
39. A supported statement is a statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from outside itself
quantity
supported statements
extension
immediate reference
40. Two statements are subcontraries if and only if both can be true but both cannot be false
valid
implication
subcontrariety
circular reasoning
41. A statement of the opposite quality with a negated predicate
apparent disagreement
obverse of a statement
tautology
fallacy of distraction
42. An argument in which a statement is unstated and assumed. Specifically - it is a syllogism with one assumed statement
extension
ad ignorantiam
schema
enthymeme
43. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
bulverism
circular reasoning
hypothetical
extension
44. A tautology is a statement which is always true because of its logical structure
real disagreement
tautology
equivocation
term
45. A word - often a relative pronoun or adverb - that refers to a broad range of things or times
inclusive
complement of a term
valid
contradiction
46. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular
schema
subimplication
law of excluded middle
hypothetical
47. A statement that reverses and negates both the subject and predicate of the original
chronological snobbery
contrapositive of a statement
figure
either/or
48. Difference of opinion or perception
logical equivalence
chronological snobbery
superimplication
apparent disagreement
49. A vagueness of grammar that disguises or alters meaning
distributed term
amphiboly
categorical syllogism
minor term
50. A genus of a term is a term that is more general - broad - or abstract than the original term and includes it
self-supporting statements
argument`
tu quoque
genus
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