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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is a syllogism of the same form as the original - but with obviously true premises and false conclusion - in order to show the original to be invalid
either/or
counterexample
subject
statement
2. An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements
inclusive
law of Non-Contradiction
complement of a term
mixed hypothetical syllogism
3. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the falsity of the particular necessitates the falsity of the universal
circular reasoning
self-supporting statements
ad populum
superimplication
4. A self-contradiction is a statement that is false due to its logical structure
fallacies of form
genus
logical equivalence
self-contradiction
5. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it
real disagreement
bulverism
genus
self-supporting statements
6. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
fallacies of ambiguity
real disagreement
contradiction
counterexample
7. A self-supporting statement is a statement whose truth value can be determined from the statement itself
statement
self-supporting statements
contrary
ambiguous
8. A statement that reverses the subject and predicate
contrary
distributed term
converse of a statement
fallacies of form
9. Found once in each premise
middle term
disagreement
minor premise
contrary
10. A supported statement is a statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from outside itself
counterexample
sound syllogism
supported statements
exclusives
11. The subject of a statement is the term being described - or about which something is asserted
subject
hypothetical
argument`
intension
12. A concept that can be expressed precisely
obverse of a statement
apparent disagreement
circular reasoning
term
13. Arguments that confuse the issue by pointing to information that is actually irrelevant to the conclusion
complement of a term
fallacy of distraction
supported statements
tu quoque
14. The science and art of reasoning well
logic
obverse of a statement
minor term
subject
15. The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term
circular reasoning
converse of a statement
valid
intension
16. Two statements are independant if the truth or falsity of one has no effect on the truth or falsity of the other
hypothetical
complex question
independance
either/or
17. Points to an inconsistency between a person's argument and behavior
tu quoque
ad ignorantiam
contrapositive of a statement
counterexample
18. Changing the definition of a term in the middle of an argument
ad hominem
equivocation
division
superimplication
19. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
hypothetical
subimplication
equivocation
bulverism
20. An illegimate appeal to authority
ipse dixit
ad populum
categorical syllogism
major premise
21. A verbal disagreement is a misunderstanding due to differing definitions to differing definitions for one or more words
supported statements
contradiction
verbal disagreement
immediate reference
22. A number from 1 to 4 identifying the placement of its middle term
tautology
figure
bulverism
fallacies of form
23. The premise containing the major term
contradiction
figure
either/or
major premise
24. The condition - the part following the 'if'
law of excluded middle
equivocation
antecedent
contrapositive of a statement
25. A term that - within a statement - refers to all members of its class
distributed term
disagreement
amphiboly
implication
26. Secretly assuming what you are trying to prove
major premise
post hoc ergo propter hoc
circular reasoning
law of Non-Contradiction
27. Improperly assuming that a sequence in time implies a cause and effect
complex question
subject
law of Non-Contradiction
post hoc ergo propter hoc
28. A statement of the opposite quality with a negated predicate
obverse of a statement
real disagreement
major premise
independance
29. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid
non sequitur
law of Non-Contradiction
fallacy of distraction
self-supporting statements
30. A vagueness of grammar that disguises or alters meaning
subcontrariety
converse of a statement
figure
amphiboly
31. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
subcontrariety
non sequitur
immediate reference
disagreement
32. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
conclusion
square of oppisition
obverse of a statement
statement
33. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another
law of excluded middle
subimplication
logical equivalence
intension
34. Any statement is either true or false
logical equivalence
genus
law of excluded middle
contrapositive of a statement
35. A question crafted to exclude any possible legitimate response
apriorism
subimplication
antecedent
complex question
36. The fallacy of transferring attributes from whole to part
consequent
square of oppisition
division
independance
37. A set of statements - one of which appears to be implied or supported by the others
law of Non-Contradiction
argument`
counterexample
complex question
38. A hasty generalization
composition
apriorism
self-supporting statements
subcontrariety
39. A word - often a relative pronoun or adverb - that refers to a broad range of things or times
schema
ad hominem
complement of a term
inclusive
40. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
post hoc ergo propter hoc
composition
subcontrariety
supported statements
41. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
square of oppisition
complement of a term
valid
immediate reference
42. A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate
mood
ambiguous
extension
square of oppisition
43. The set of all terms not included in the given term
middle term
contrary
complement of a term
converse of a statement
44. The result of the condition - the part after the 'then'
either/or
subcontrariety
inclusive
consequent
45. A three letter description of the types of categorical statements it contains when arranged in stadard order
post hoc ergo propter hoc
sound syllogism
mood
ambiguous
46. An argument that uses only hypothetical statements
equivocation
inclusive
law of excluded middle
pure hypothetical syllogism
47. Two statements are consistent if they can both be true at the same time
inclusive
consistant
apparent disagreement
ad baculum
48. A statement that reverses and negates both the subject and predicate of the original
sound syllogism
verbal disagreement
contrapositive of a statement
ad ignorantiam
49. Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules
implication
converse of a statement
induction
square of oppisition
50. Deductive argument consisting of three statements in categorical form that together use only three terms - called the major - minor - and middle
contradiction
fallacy of distraction
categorical syllogism
major premise