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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A verbal attack on a person rather than his argument
ad populum
ad hominem
self-supporting statements
supported statements
2. The premise containing the major term
non sequitur
conclusion
major premise
logical equivalence
3. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it
law of identity
apriorism
bulverism
induction
4. Arguments that confuse the issue by pointing to information that is actually irrelevant to the conclusion
sound syllogism
fallacy of distraction
inclusive
ad baculum
5. A genus of a term is a term that is more general - broad - or abstract than the original term and includes it
genus
statement
circular reasoning
extension
6. A verbal disagreement is a misunderstanding due to differing definitions to differing definitions for one or more words
informal fallacy
real disagreement
verbal disagreement
consequent
7. A self-contradiction is a statement that is false due to its logical structure
self-contradiction
induction
equivocation
inclusive
8. Any statement is either true or false
major premise
tautology
law of excluded middle
implication
9. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
hypothetical
complex question
law of identity
implication
10. A popular but invalid (or unhelpful) form of argument
statement
circular reasoning
informal fallacy
law of excluded middle
11. A representation of a syllogism - having statements in standard order with standard abbreviations of its terms
major premise
complex question
ad hominem
schema
12. Points to an inconsistency between a person's argument and behavior
ad populum
immediate reference
enthymeme
tu quoque
13. Alters the meaning of a statement through changed emphasis
supported statements
fallacy of accent
hypothetical
valid
14. A statement of the opposite quality with a negated predicate
extension
obverse of a statement
figure
complement of a term
15. A hasty generalization
supported statements
distributed term
term
apriorism
16. A word - often a relative pronoun or adverb - that refers to a broad range of things or times
inclusive
subimplication
categorical syllogism
converse of a statement
17. An argument based merely on the passage of time
chronological snobbery
post hoc ergo propter hoc
independance
consistant
18. Is valid and has true premises
sound syllogism
contradiction
formal logic
extension
19. The result of the condition - the part after the 'then'
genus
independance
consequent
real disagreement
20. Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules
contradiction
ambiguous
induction
informal fallacy
21. An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements
mixed hypothetical syllogism
law of Non-Contradiction
complex question
subimplication
22. The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term
intension
quantity
square of oppisition
self-contradiction
23. A statement cannot be both true and false
fallacies of ambiguity
either/or
law of excluded middle
law of Non-Contradiction
24. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
ipse dixit
post hoc ergo propter hoc
composition
enthymeme
25. A set of statements - one of which appears to be implied or supported by the others
argument`
immediate reference
amphiboly
self-contradiction
26. Two statements are in contradiction if and only if they always have opposite truth values
antecedent
contradiction
obverse of a statement
independance
27. A word is ambiguous if it has more than one possible meaning
fallacies of form
amphiboly
contradiction
ambiguous
28. Changing the definition of a term in the middle of an argument
equivocation
formal logic
converse of a statement
independance
29. The set of all terms not included in the given term
superimplication
amphiboly
conclusion
complement of a term
30. The quantity of a statement is the scope of its claim about the extension of the subject: universal (entire extension) or particular (partial)
obverse of a statement
real disagreement
law of excluded middle
quantity
31. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
composition
valid
intension
ad ignorantiam
32. Contains the minor term
schema
minor premise
extension
antecedent
33. A term that - within a statement - refers to all members of its class
post hoc ergo propter hoc
major premise
distributed term
fallacy of distraction
34. A self-supporting statement is a statement whose truth value can be determined from the statement itself
pure hypothetical syllogism
self-supporting statements
obverse of a statement
consistant
35. A supported statement is a statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from outside itself
supported statements
hypothetical
ad populum
antecedent
36. Two statements are independant if the truth or falsity of one has no effect on the truth or falsity of the other
bulverism
hypothetical
independance
law of Non-Contradiction
37. A statement that reverses and negates both the subject and predicate of the original
amphiboly
induction
consequent
contrapositive of a statement
38. The subject of the conclusion and is used in the other premise
minor term
middle term
ad baculum
tautology
39. Words that set boundaries - referring only to a limited class of things
exclusives
either/or
immediate reference
real disagreement
40. A statement that reverses the subject and predicate
converse of a statement
composition
complex question
ad baculum
41. A three letter description of the types of categorical statements it contains when arranged in stadard order
fallacies of ambiguity
mood
distributed term
counterexample
42. The extention of a term is the sum of all the individual objects described by it
genus
extension
statement
enthymeme
43. A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate
contrapositive of a statement
square of oppisition
real disagreement
logic
44. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular
figure
subimplication
formal logic
ad populum
45. If a statement is true - then it is true
fallacies of form
real disagreement
chronological snobbery
law of identity
46. The subject of a statement is the term being described - or about which something is asserted
subject
obverse of a statement
subimplication
contrary
47. The fallacy of transferring attributes from whole to part
division
converse of a statement
fallacies of ambiguity
non sequitur
48. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
formal logic
hypothetical
conclusion
inclusive
49. Two statements are related by implication if the truth of one requires the truth of the other
implication
obverse of a statement
fallacies of form
mood
50. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid
enthymeme
genus
non sequitur
mood
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