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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A verbal attack on a person rather than his argument
amphiboly
ad populum
ad hominem
middle term
2. Two statements are contrary if and only if they can both be false but cannot both be true
formal logic
hypothetical
contrary
consistant
3. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
schema
post hoc ergo propter hoc
argument`
fallacies of ambiguity
4. Making an argument based on a false dilemma
ipse dixit
circular reasoning
either/or
major term
5. The condition - the part following the 'if'
antecedent
contradiction
law of excluded middle
major premise
6. A verbal disagreement is a misunderstanding due to differing definitions to differing definitions for one or more words
mixed hypothetical syllogism
verbal disagreement
contrapositive of a statement
consistant
7. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
conclusion
logic
fallacy of distraction
tautology
8. A tautology is a statement which is always true because of its logical structure
equivocation
tautology
disagreement
apriorism
9. A self-supporting statement is a statement whose truth value can be determined from the statement itself
ad ignorantiam
schema
self-supporting statements
division
10. An argument that uses only hypothetical statements
pure hypothetical syllogism
non sequitur
ad ignorantiam
complement of a term
11. A three letter description of the types of categorical statements it contains when arranged in stadard order
independance
major premise
circular reasoning
mood
12. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
hypothetical
major premise
complement of a term
logical equivalence
13. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another
logical equivalence
amphiboly
non sequitur
schema
14. A self-contradiction is a statement that is false due to its logical structure
ad baculum
contrary
verbal disagreement
self-contradiction
15. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
fallacy of accent
immediate reference
law of excluded middle
term
16. A statement cannot be both true and false
contradiction
law of Non-Contradiction
informal fallacy
law of identity
17. An illegimate appeal to authority
ipse dixit
law of excluded middle
ad populum
major premise
18. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid
non sequitur
distributed term
minor premise
subcontrariety
19. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular
apriorism
intension
quantity
subimplication
20. Secretly assuming what you are trying to prove
intension
figure
minor premise
circular reasoning
21. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it
complex question
mixed hypothetical syllogism
immediate reference
bulverism
22. Two statements are consistent if they can both be true at the same time
induction
informal fallacy
fallacy of accent
consistant
23. The quantity of a statement is the scope of its claim about the extension of the subject: universal (entire extension) or particular (partial)
equivocation
major premise
enthymeme
quantity
24. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
subimplication
counterexample
valid
informal fallacy
25. Difference of opinion or perception
apparent disagreement
enthymeme
immediate reference
subcontrariety
26. When there appears to be inconsistency - we have a disagreement
formal logic
categorical syllogism
disagreement
ad baculum
27. A hasty generalization
mixed hypothetical syllogism
apriorism
distributed term
bulverism
28. An argument from lack of evidence
extension
ad ignorantiam
verbal disagreement
supported statements
29. A popular but invalid (or unhelpful) form of argument
tautology
sound syllogism
equivocation
informal fallacy
30. Alters the meaning of a statement through changed emphasis
fallacy of accent
informal fallacy
chronological snobbery
composition
31. An illegitimate appeal to a majority
ad populum
subcontrariety
law of excluded middle
inclusive
32. Changing the definition of a term in the middle of an argument
amphiboly
ad populum
contrary
equivocation
33. A question crafted to exclude any possible legitimate response
logical equivalence
contrapositive of a statement
verbal disagreement
complex question
34. A supported statement is a statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from outside itself
fallacy of accent
supported statements
bulverism
logical equivalence
35. Improperly assuming that a sequence in time implies a cause and effect
complement of a term
minor premise
chronological snobbery
post hoc ergo propter hoc
36. The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term
categorical syllogism
intension
fallacy of distraction
ipse dixit
37. A word is ambiguous if it has more than one possible meaning
pure hypothetical syllogism
post hoc ergo propter hoc
ambiguous
term
38. Words that set boundaries - referring only to a limited class of things
ipse dixit
implication
amphiboly
exclusives
39. A sentence which is either true or false
statement
composition
implication
circular reasoning
40. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
supported statements
valid
contradiction
composition
41. A vagueness of grammar that disguises or alters meaning
amphiboly
verbal disagreement
contrapositive of a statement
contrary
42. The premise containing the major term
ad ignorantiam
obverse of a statement
middle term
major premise
43. Contains the minor term
statement
minor premise
ad baculum
quantity
44. An argument in which a statement is unstated and assumed. Specifically - it is a syllogism with one assumed statement
enthymeme
valid
distributed term
law of identity
45. Is a syllogism of the same form as the original - but with obviously true premises and false conclusion - in order to show the original to be invalid
self-supporting statements
valid
counterexample
real disagreement
46. Arguments that fail to establish their conclusions because of a weakness in logical structure
fallacies of ambiguity
fallacies of form
tautology
verbal disagreement
47. Two statements are in contradiction if and only if they always have opposite truth values
contradiction
counterexample
valid
apriorism
48. A set of statements - one of which appears to be implied or supported by the others
term
argument`
enthymeme
real disagreement
49. The science and art of reasoning well
extension
logic
ad ignorantiam
valid
50. A statement that reverses and negates both the subject and predicate of the original
converse of a statement
contrapositive of a statement
inclusive
counterexample