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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Deals directly with the proper modes of reasoning
self-supporting statements
exclusives
fallacies of form
formal logic
2. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
figure
valid
hypothetical
inclusive
3. Is valid and has true premises
sound syllogism
ad hominem
formal logic
amphiboly
4. A number from 1 to 4 identifying the placement of its middle term
figure
apparent disagreement
equivocation
major premise
5. Arguments that confuse the issue by pointing to information that is actually irrelevant to the conclusion
hypothetical
formal logic
pure hypothetical syllogism
fallacy of distraction
6. Is a syllogism of the same form as the original - but with obviously true premises and false conclusion - in order to show the original to be invalid
mixed hypothetical syllogism
counterexample
minor premise
inclusive
7. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
immediate reference
superimplication
inclusive
fallacies of ambiguity
8. When there appears to be inconsistency - we have a disagreement
either/or
non sequitur
law of excluded middle
disagreement
9. A verbal disagreement is a misunderstanding due to differing definitions to differing definitions for one or more words
self-contradiction
verbal disagreement
enthymeme
division
10. Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules
induction
schema
fallacies of form
inclusive
11. A sentence which is either true or false
statement
valid
independance
either/or
12. Two statements are subcontraries if and only if both can be true but both cannot be false
major premise
subcontrariety
equivocation
consequent
13. An illegimate appeal to authority
superimplication
ambiguous
circular reasoning
ipse dixit
14. Difference of opinion or perception
apparent disagreement
genus
counterexample
apriorism
15. A hasty generalization
induction
apriorism
ad baculum
complement of a term
16. A term that - within a statement - refers to all members of its class
implication
counterexample
distributed term
square of oppisition
17. A word - often a relative pronoun or adverb - that refers to a broad range of things or times
complex question
inclusive
independance
hypothetical
18. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
circular reasoning
composition
schema
enthymeme
19. Deductive argument consisting of three statements in categorical form that together use only three terms - called the major - minor - and middle
square of oppisition
law of Non-Contradiction
tu quoque
categorical syllogism
20. A set of statements - one of which appears to be implied or supported by the others
self-supporting statements
minor term
fallacy of accent
argument`
21. The extention of a term is the sum of all the individual objects described by it
subject
extension
independance
antecedent
22. A vagueness of grammar that disguises or alters meaning
post hoc ergo propter hoc
subimplication
amphiboly
consistant
23. Two statements are contrary if and only if they can both be false but cannot both be true
logic
hypothetical
contradiction
contrary
24. Contains the minor term
major term
post hoc ergo propter hoc
minor premise
disagreement
25. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid
term
supported statements
composition
non sequitur
26. The fallacy of transferring attributes from whole to part
ambiguous
middle term
division
statement
27. Words that set boundaries - referring only to a limited class of things
major term
counterexample
exclusives
implication
28. An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements
intension
exclusives
middle term
mixed hypothetical syllogism
29. An argument from lack of evidence
verbal disagreement
ad ignorantiam
logic
contrary
30. A question crafted to exclude any possible legitimate response
subimplication
bulverism
complex question
consequent
31. An argument that uses only hypothetical statements
inclusive
tautology
argument`
pure hypothetical syllogism
32. Found once in each premise
ad baculum
hypothetical
middle term
verbal disagreement
33. If a statement is true - then it is true
contrapositive of a statement
law of identity
counterexample
bulverism
34. Two statements are logically equivalent if they imply one another
fallacies of ambiguity
counterexample
law of Non-Contradiction
logical equivalence
35. A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate
square of oppisition
tautology
logic
antecedent
36. An illegitimate appeal to force
square of oppisition
ad baculum
term
complex question
37. A popular but invalid (or unhelpful) form of argument
post hoc ergo propter hoc
informal fallacy
sound syllogism
circular reasoning
38. The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term
intension
mixed hypothetical syllogism
ad hominem
either/or
39. A concept that can be expressed precisely
fallacy of accent
law of excluded middle
major term
term
40. A three letter description of the types of categorical statements it contains when arranged in stadard order
non sequitur
circular reasoning
mood
figure
41. Making an argument based on a false dilemma
either/or
subcontrariety
schema
ambiguous
42. A self-supporting statement is a statement whose truth value can be determined from the statement itself
self-supporting statements
chronological snobbery
law of excluded middle
pure hypothetical syllogism
43. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the falsity of the particular necessitates the falsity of the universal
minor term
superimplication
law of Non-Contradiction
equivocation
44. Secretly assuming what you are trying to prove
ad baculum
intension
circular reasoning
either/or
45. A word is ambiguous if it has more than one possible meaning
ambiguous
logical equivalence
ad ignorantiam
logic
46. A statement that reverses the subject and predicate
apparent disagreement
counterexample
converse of a statement
fallacy of distraction
47. An illegitimate appeal to a majority
self-supporting statements
subimplication
mood
ad populum
48. A genus of a term is a term that is more general - broad - or abstract than the original term and includes it
genus
logical equivalence
fallacy of distraction
major term
49. Improperly assuming that a sequence in time implies a cause and effect
quantity
extension
either/or
post hoc ergo propter hoc
50. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
exclusives
ad hominem
complex question
immediate reference