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Test your basic knowledge |
Introductory Logic Vocab
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Study First
Subject
:
logic-and-reasoning
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The set of all terms not included in the given term
enthymeme
ambiguous
supported statements
complement of a term
2. Arguments that confuse the real issue with multiple - vague - or otherwise unclear meanings
exclusives
inclusive
consequent
fallacies of ambiguity
3. A statement which can be inferred directly from another statement
argument`
amphiboly
immediate reference
supported statements
4. The predicate of the conclusion and is used in one premise
informal fallacy
logical equivalence
mixed hypothetical syllogism
major term
5. Contains the minor term
converse of a statement
minor premise
middle term
quantity
6. A representation of a syllogism - having statements in standard order with standard abbreviations of its terms
apparent disagreement
schema
complex question
logical equivalence
7. A statement that reverses and negates both the subject and predicate of the original
contrapositive of a statement
either/or
mixed hypothetical syllogism
apriorism
8. Is valid and has true premises
obverse of a statement
hypothetical
sound syllogism
ipse dixit
9. Improperly assuming that a sequence in time implies a cause and effect
obverse of a statement
figure
tautology
post hoc ergo propter hoc
10. A real disagreement is an actual inconsistancy between two statements: they cannot both be true at the same time
disagreement
square of oppisition
real disagreement
minor term
11. Attacking a position by pointing out how the arguer came to hold it
formal logic
ambiguous
bulverism
tautology
12. Two statements are related by implication if the truth of one requires the truth of the other
converse of a statement
law of Non-Contradiction
implication
extension
13. A three letter description of the types of categorical statements it contains when arranged in stadard order
equivocation
mood
post hoc ergo propter hoc
minor term
14. A statement that affirms an outcome based on a condition.
fallacies of form
minor term
composition
hypothetical
15. Two statements are in contradiction if and only if they always have opposite truth values
figure
inclusive
contradiction
formal logic
16. A diagram of the basic relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate
square of oppisition
fallacy of distraction
valid
ad ignorantiam
17. The fallacy of transferring attributes from part to whole
ad hominem
composition
converse of a statement
minor premise
18. Arguments that confuse the issue by pointing to information that is actually irrelevant to the conclusion
consistant
fallacy of distraction
extension
formal logic
19. The quantity of a statement is the scope of its claim about the extension of the subject: universal (entire extension) or particular (partial)
counterexample
quantity
independance
mixed hypothetical syllogism
20. The conclusion of an argument is the statement which appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument - which are called premises
logical equivalence
conclusion
consequent
contrary
21. Two statements are subcontraries if and only if both can be true but both cannot be false
term
subcontrariety
post hoc ergo propter hoc
consistant
22. An illegimate appeal to authority
converse of a statement
argument`
ipse dixit
pure hypothetical syllogism
23. When there appears to be inconsistency - we have a disagreement
extension
square of oppisition
complex question
disagreement
24. The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality - in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular
subimplication
quantity
logic
antecedent
25. Making an argument based on a false dilemma
subcontrariety
pure hypothetical syllogism
either/or
antecedent
26. Two statements are contrary if and only if they can both be false but cannot both be true
obverse of a statement
contrary
informal fallacy
conclusion
27. A verbal disagreement is a misunderstanding due to differing definitions to differing definitions for one or more words
verbal disagreement
informal fallacy
contrary
apparent disagreement
28. An argument based merely on the passage of time
law of Non-Contradiction
chronological snobbery
informal fallacy
law of identity
29. A question crafted to exclude any possible legitimate response
quantity
complex question
ipse dixit
apparent disagreement
30. A word - often a relative pronoun or adverb - that refers to a broad range of things or times
hypothetical
inclusive
law of excluded middle
square of oppisition
31. The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term
intension
logic
self-contradiction
verbal disagreement
32. A vagueness of grammar that disguises or alters meaning
law of identity
informal fallacy
amphiboly
statement
33. Secretly assuming what you are trying to prove
contradiction
law of excluded middle
logic
circular reasoning
34. The condition - the part following the 'if'
mood
formal logic
antecedent
law of Non-Contradiction
35. Two statements are independant if the truth or falsity of one has no effect on the truth or falsity of the other
complex question
apriorism
real disagreement
independance
36. A term that - within a statement - refers to all members of its class
pure hypothetical syllogism
law of identity
square of oppisition
distributed term
37. A self-contradiction is a statement that is false due to its logical structure
apparent disagreement
self-contradiction
minor premise
law of Non-Contradiction
38. A tautology is a statement which is always true because of its logical structure
induction
tautology
ad populum
subcontrariety
39. If a statement is true - then it is true
law of identity
exclusives
minor term
verbal disagreement
40. The extention of a term is the sum of all the individual objects described by it
ad hominem
major premise
term
extension
41. 'it does not follow'; that an argument is invalid
induction
distributed term
non sequitur
extension
42. An argument that uses both hypothetical and categorical statements
subcontrariety
equivocation
tautology
mixed hypothetical syllogism
43. Deductive argument consisting of three statements in categorical form that together use only three terms - called the major - minor - and middle
converse of a statement
law of Non-Contradiction
categorical syllogism
obverse of a statement
44. A sentence which is either true or false
categorical syllogism
post hoc ergo propter hoc
statement
middle term
45. A syllogism is valid if and only if the conclusion is necessarily true given that the premises are true
ad populum
valid
complement of a term
ad baculum
46. Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules
induction
tautology
pure hypothetical syllogism
fallacies of ambiguity
47. Points to an inconsistency between a person's argument and behavior
logical equivalence
minor term
ad populum
tu quoque
48. A number from 1 to 4 identifying the placement of its middle term
schema
figure
genus
supported statements
49. The subject of the conclusion and is used in the other premise
categorical syllogism
counterexample
minor term
logical equivalence
50. A statement cannot be both true and false
law of Non-Contradiction
schema
ad baculum
immediate reference