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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Particle hopping
Passive
Signified
Clipping
2. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Negation
Inference
Kernel sentence
Individual/Restricted connotation
3. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Negation
Context
Minimal pair
Metaphor
4. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme
Reflected connotation
Inference
Competence
Bound morphemes
5. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Bound morphemes
Affective connotation
Context
Deictics
6. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Denotation
Inflectional morpheme
Social connotation
Derivational morpheme
7. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Inflectional morpheme
Synchronic
Compounding
Presupposition
8. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Suffix
Coded connotations
Derivational morpheme
Intonation
9. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Flouting
Reflected connotation
Connotation
Semantic features
10. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Individual/Restricted connotation
Derivational morpheme
Affective connotation
Neologism
11. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Sign
Illocutionary Act
Archaism
Archaism
12. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Derivation
Signifier
Transformations
Syntax
13. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Recursion
Inference
Four components of sounds
Maxim of Manner
14. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Backformation
Performance
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Kernel sentence
15. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Truth value
Inference
Invention
Maxim of relevance
16. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Diachronic
Phoneme
Perlocutionary Act
Recursion
17. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Signifier
Performance
Connotation
Collocative connotation
18. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Context
Descriptive
Dative Movement
Utterance
19. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Coherence
Illocutionary Act
Homonyms
Derivation
20. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Derivational morpheme
Particle hopping
Morphology
Metaphor
21. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Derivational morpheme
Backformation
Coherence
Flouting
22. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
International Phonetic Alphabet
Three types of articulations
Context
Derivation
23. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Universal Grammar
Phonetics
Maxim of Quantity
Semantic features
24. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Cohesion
Negation
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Reflected connotation
25. The meaning derived from flouting
Context
Invention
Implicature
Passive
26. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Negation
Idioms
Performance
Synchronic
27. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Metaphor
Neologism
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Backformation
28. The branch of pragmatics that studies deictic words
Free morphemes
Recursion
Morpheme
Deixis
29. Affix in the middle of a word
Idioms
Collocative connotation
Clipping
Infix
30. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Calque
Phonetics
Polyglot
Passive
31. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Derivational morpheme
Flouting
Maxim of Manner
Competence
32. The meaning derived from flouting
Implicature
Truth value
Derivational morpheme
Phonology
33. The meaning of a sign
Signified
Semantic features
Backformation
Free morphemes
34. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Particle hopping
Truth value
Implicature
Transformations
35. Affix in the middle of a word
Metonymy
Deixis
Infix
Reflected connotation
36. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Implicature
Maxim of relevance
Morphology
Linguistics
37. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Four components of sounds
Descriptive
Denotation
Referent
38. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Morpheme
Negation
Shibboleth
Social connotation
39. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Universal Grammar
Deictics
Bound morphemes
Phonetics
40. The meaning of a sign
Maxim of relevance
Invention
Signified
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
41. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Deixis
Adjacency Pair
Pragmatics
Calque
42. A sentence in context
Maxim of Manner
Deixis
Presupposition
Utterance
43. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Lexicon
Homonyms
Synchronic
Deictics
44. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Phonology
Three types of articulations
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
45. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Inference
Signified
Perlocutionary Act
Syntax
46. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Transformations
Metaphor
Archaism
Suffix
47. Affix before the root
Prefix
Signifier
Semantic features
Truth value
48. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Affective connotation
Signifier
Inflectional morpheme
Synchronic
49. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Archaism
Blends
Denotation
Locutionary Act
50. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Truth value
Question
Four components of sounds
Cohesion