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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation
Synchronic
Four processes by which we produce sound
Calque
Maxim of quality
2. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Utterance
Recursion
Backformation
Particle hopping
3. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Descriptive
Blends
Sign
Reflected connotation
4. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Truth value
Three types of articulations
Referent
Inference
5. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Phonology
Maxim of relevance
Flouting
Question
6. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Maxim of relevance
Signified
Individual/Restricted connotation
Prescriptive
7. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Syntax
Backformation
Diachronic
Truth value
8. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme
Archaism
Bound morphemes
Maxim of quality
Idioms
9. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Dative Movement
Social connotation
Clipping
Universal Grammar
10. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Three types of articulations
Language planning
Perlocutionary Act
Invention
11. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Deictics
Linguistics
Invention
Presupposition
12. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Context
Truth value
Homonyms
Presupposition
13. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Affective connotation
Performance
Question
Dative Movement
14. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Deixis
Social connotation
Context
15. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Phoneme
Referent
Negation
Morpheme
16. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Prefix
Four components of sounds
Calque
Idioms
17. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Truth value
Neologism
Semantics
Maxim of relevance
18. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)
Invention
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Compounding
Language planning
19. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Coded connotations
Perlocutionary Act
Derivation
Truth value
20. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Intonation
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Maxim of relevance
Adjacency Pair
21. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Flouting
Individual/Restricted connotation
Backformation
Neologism
22. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Dative Movement
Question
Three types of articulations
Maxim of Manner
23. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Phoneme
Affective connotation
Descriptive
Reflected connotation
24. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Pragmatics
Archaism
Free morphemes
Recursion
25. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Collocative connotation
Universal Grammar
Inflectional morpheme
Minimal pair
26. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Metaphor
Question
Minimal pair
Backformation
27. A word that has died out
Calque
Archaism
Derivational morpheme
Performance
28. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Metonymy
Morphology
Transformations
Suffix
29. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Acronyms
Maxim of quality
Clipping
Language planning
30. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Speech Act
Descriptive
Social connotation
Deictics
31. Deals with the sounds of a language
Passive
Phonetics
Maxim of quality
Linguistics
32. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Inflectional morpheme
Morpheme
Prescriptive
Flouting
33. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Dative Movement
Signifier
Language planning
Metonymy
34. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Collocative connotation
Morpheme
International Phonetic Alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet
35. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Four processes by which we produce sound
Morpheme
Recursion
Derivational morpheme
36. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Perlocutionary Act
Competence
Affective connotation
Denotation
37. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Phoneme
Synchronic
Universal Grammar
Three types of articulations
38. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Maxim of Quantity
Kernel sentence
Semantic features
Performance
39. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Social connotation
Prefix
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Passive
40. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)
Utterance
Phonology
Free morphemes
Passive
41. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Kernel sentence
Metonymy
Language planning
Competence
42. The rise and fall of sentences
Blends
Flouting
Intonation
Metaphor
43. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Metaphor
Derivation
Neologism
Prefix
44. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Inflectional morpheme
Cohesion
Passive
Linguistics
45. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Inflectional morpheme
Homonyms
Idioms
Borrowing
46. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Adjacency Pair
Blends
Deixis
Meaning
47. Meaning components
Maxim of quality
Semantic features
Social connotation
Categorizations of Speech Acts
48. The ability to produce language - what you know
Deixis
Competence
Four components of sounds
Shibboleth
49. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Free morphemes
Four processes by which we produce sound
Maxim of Manner
Language planning
50. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Clipping
Blends
Collocative connotation
Individual/Restricted connotation