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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Signified
Presupposition
Synchronic
Maxim of Manner
2. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Collocative connotation
Meaning
Adjacency Pair
Perlocutionary Act
3. The rise and fall of sentences
Metaphor
Intonation
Borrowing
Locutionary Act
4. The overall meaning of a text
Three types of articulations
Signified
Social connotation
Coherence
5. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Referent
Truth value
Archaism
Presupposition
6. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Affective connotation
Calque
Connotation
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
7. A new word
Recursion
Clipping
Bound morphemes
Neologism
8. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Semantics
Language planning
Negation
Affective connotation
9. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Homonyms
Performance
Free morphemes
10. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Maxim of Quantity
Backformation
Speech Act
Polyglot
11. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts
Calque
Idioms
Linguistics
Particle hopping
12. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Idioms
Passive
Flouting
Affective connotation
13. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Prefix
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Universal Grammar
Adjacency Pair
14. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Metaphor
Minimal pair
Perlocutionary Act
Context
15. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Adjacency Pair
Three types of articulations
Invention
Truth value
16. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Morphology
Kernel sentence
Three types of articulations
Implicature
17. Meaning components
Performance
Semantic features
Lexicon
Syntax
18. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)
Four processes by which we produce sound
Borrowing
Derivation
Universal Grammar
19. Affix before the root
Question
Morphology
Prefix
Illocutionary Act
20. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Context
Maxim of relevance
Adjacency Pair
Descriptive
21. The meaning of a sign
Infix
Minimal pair
Calque
Signified
22. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Recursion
Intonation
Metaphor
Sign
23. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Linguistics
Diachronic
Four components of sounds
Maxim of Quantity
24. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Inflectional morpheme
Suffix
Derivational morpheme
Flouting
25. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Social connotation
Adjacency Pair
Performance
Idioms
26. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Collocative connotation
Calque
Morphology
Homonyms
27. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Utterance
Perlocutionary Act
Clipping
Reflected connotation
28. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning
Suffix
Connotation
Syntax
Context
29. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Signified
Kernel sentence
Morpheme
Synchronic
30. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Polyglot
Invention
International Phonetic Alphabet
Ambiguity
31. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Phonology
Individual/Restricted connotation
Derivation
Invention
32. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Synchronic
Semantic features
Linguistics
Locutionary Act
33. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Blends
Passive
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Context
34. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Context
Acronyms
Homonyms
Negation
35. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Intonation
Particle hopping
Four components of sounds
Negation
36. Deals with how sentences are formed
International Phonetic Alphabet
Syntax
Speech Act
Semantic features
37. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Meaning
Polyglot
Passive
Prefix
38. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Shibboleth
Ambiguity
Invention
Maxim of Quantity
39. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Semantics
Metaphor
Clipping
Blends
40. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Referent
Denotation
Universal Grammar
Social connotation
41. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Affective connotation
Borrowing
Morphology
42. Affix in the middle of a word
Infix
Phonetics
Collocative connotation
Acronyms
43. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Metaphor
Clipping
Maxim of Quantity
Infix
44. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Syntax
Deixis
Passive
Borrowing
45. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)
Affective connotation
Adjacency Pair
Minimal pair
Context
46. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Transformations
Borrowing
Illocutionary Act
Language planning
47. Mental representation of a word
Deictics
Passive
Meaning
Deictics
48. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Linguistics
Locutionary Act
Metaphor
Morphology
49. The science that studies language
Linguistics
Polyglot
Illocutionary Act
Implicature
50. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Ambiguity
Free morphemes
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Transformations