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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Syntax
Adjacency Pair
Transformations
Reflected connotation
2. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Negation
Coded connotations
Prefix
Metaphor
3. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Maxim of relevance
Phoneme
Polyglot
Phoneme
4. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Signifier
Linguistics
Connotation
Pragmatics
5. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Adjacency Pair
Signified
Kernel sentence
Competence
6. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Linguistics
Utterance
Individual/Restricted connotation
Recursion
7. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Denotation
Morphology
Cohesion
Free morphemes
8. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Pragmatics
Transformations
Coded connotations
Homonyms
9. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Phoneme
Kernel sentence
Synchronic
Recursion
10. The ability to produce language - what you know
Intonation
Competence
Metaphor
Speech Act
11. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation
Universal Grammar
Four processes by which we produce sound
Meaning
Shibboleth
12. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Prescriptive
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Cohesion
Language planning
13. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Coherence
Inflectional morpheme
Context
Deictics
14. The meaning derived from flouting
Descriptive
Implicature
Deixis
Minimal pair
15. An utterance produced by a speaker
Suffix
Context
Deixis
Speech Act
16. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Calque
Metaphor
Collocative connotation
Minimal pair
17. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Idioms
Question
Sign
Morpheme
18. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Phoneme
Maxim of quality
Intonation
Social connotation
19. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Sign
Truth value
Particle hopping
Descriptive
20. One who knows many languages
Three types of articulations
Maxim of Manner
Inference
Polyglot
21. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Referent
Language planning
Denotation
Universal Grammar
22. An utterance produced by a speaker
Locutionary Act
Maxim of relevance
Speech Act
Utterance
23. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Acronyms
Clipping
Passive
Language planning
24. The meaning of a sign
Signified
Phonology
Invention
Illocutionary Act
25. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Prescriptive
Ambiguity
Maxim of Manner
Cohesion
26. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Coded connotations
Question
Inflectional morpheme
Presupposition
27. The meaning derived from flouting
Neologism
Idioms
Coded connotations
Implicature
28. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)
Lexicon
Phonology
Affective connotation
Shibboleth
29. A word that has died out
Connotation
Reflected connotation
Archaism
Calque
30. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Passive
Reflected connotation
Diachronic
Morphology
31. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Free morphemes
Free morphemes
Particle hopping
Affective connotation
32. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Question
Performance
Derivation
Language planning
33. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Prescriptive
Four components of sounds
Implicature
Inference
34. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Universal Grammar
Suffix
Recursion
Locutionary Act
35. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Semantic features
Referent
Diachronic
Semantic features
36. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Bound morphemes
Language planning
Calque
Morpheme
37. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Derivational morpheme
Archaism
Individual/Restricted connotation
Backformation
38. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Perlocutionary Act
Homonyms
Minimal pair
Archaism
39. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)
Ambiguity
Maxim of Manner
Blends
Compounding
40. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Question
Suffix
Reflected connotation
Metaphor
41. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Referent
Social connotation
International Phonetic Alphabet
Kernel sentence
42. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Reflected connotation
Minimal pair
Coded connotations
43. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Truth value
Metonymy
Signified
Adjacency Pair
44. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Language planning
Suffix
Adjacency Pair
Particle hopping
45. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Linguistics
Backformation
Truth value
Cohesion
46. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Truth value
Reflected connotation
Implicature
Minimal pair
47. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Collocative connotation
Phoneme
Phonetics
Negation
48. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)
Diachronic
Invention
Borrowing
Backformation
49. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Maxim of Manner
Phonetics
Morphology
Recursion
50. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Free morphemes
Dative Movement
Signifier
Homonyms