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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Context
Signifier
Passive
Question
2. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Connotation
Bound morphemes
Meaning
Prescriptive
3. Affix in the middle of a word
Cohesion
Infix
Morphology
Context
4. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Transformations
Negation
Homonyms
Four components of sounds
5. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Presupposition
Prescriptive
Locutionary Act
Kernel sentence
6. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Borrowing
Invention
Truth value
Reflected connotation
7. Deals with the sounds of a language
Four components of sounds
Deixis
Phonetics
Signifier
8. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Collocative connotation
International Phonetic Alphabet
Maxim of relevance
Infix
9. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Three types of articulations
Cohesion
Phonology
Reflected connotation
10. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Passive
Negation
Signifier
Diachronic
11. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Negation
Flouting
Morphology
Particle hopping
12. Meaning components
Semantic features
Performance
Maxim of Manner
Phonetics
13. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Competence
Affective connotation
Backformation
Calque
14. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Adjacency Pair
Transformations
Transformations
Synchronic
15. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality
Social connotation
Deixis
Phonology
Utterance
16. A new word
Cohesion
Social connotation
Four processes by which we produce sound
Neologism
17. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Diachronic
Four processes by which we produce sound
Maxim of relevance
Backformation
18. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Phoneme
Four components of sounds
Performance
Meaning
19. One who knows many languages
Polyglot
Performance
Transformations
Borrowing
20. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)
Coherence
International Phonetic Alphabet
Compounding
Truth value
21. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Performance
Free morphemes
Lexicon
Calque
22. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Ambiguity
Recursion
Inflectional morpheme
Social connotation
23. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Implicature
Acronyms
Cohesion
Perlocutionary Act
24. Affix in the middle of a word
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Negation
Infix
Minimal pair
25. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Morphology
Kernel sentence
Collocative connotation
Performance
26. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Suffix
Deictics
Neologism
Universal Grammar
27. The ability to produce language - what you know
Competence
Language planning
Borrowing
Adjacency Pair
28. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Particle hopping
Syntax
Signified
Speech Act
29. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Bound morphemes
Kernel sentence
Dative Movement
Three types of articulations
30. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Question
Implicature
Descriptive
Meaning
31. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Phoneme
Meaning
Language planning
Descriptive
32. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)
Competence
Prefix
Free morphemes
Illocutionary Act
33. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Particle hopping
Signifier
Acronyms
Derivational morpheme
34. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Calque
Deixis
Neologism
Referent
35. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Blends
Passive
Referent
Four components of sounds
36. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Language planning
Sign
Homonyms
Denotation
37. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Synchronic
Phoneme
Maxim of Quantity
Infix
38. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Minimal pair
Implicature
Inference
39. A word that has died out
International Phonetic Alphabet
Locutionary Act
Intonation
Archaism
40. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Morpheme
Maxim of quality
Signifier
Maxim of Manner
41. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Recursion
Free morphemes
Derivational morpheme
Minimal pair
42. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Phoneme
Idioms
Compounding
Truth value
43. One who knows many languages
Kernel sentence
Polyglot
Bound morphemes
Phonetics
44. The meaning of a sign
Morphology
Maxim of Manner
Compounding
Signified
45. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)
Homonyms
Illocutionary Act
Locutionary Act
Deictics
46. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Dative Movement
Maxim of quality
Universal Grammar
Recursion
47. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Maxim of Manner
Truth value
Morphology
Homonyms
48. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Referent
Social connotation
Morpheme
Meaning
49. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Four components of sounds
Phoneme
Connotation
Deictics
50. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Descriptive
Three types of articulations
Infix
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign