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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Prescriptive
Bound morphemes
Compounding
Inference
2. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Maxim of quality
Maxim of Manner
Clipping
Individual/Restricted connotation
3. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Maxim of Manner
Derivation
Maxim of relevance
Metonymy
4. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)
Diachronic
Compounding
Suffix
Presupposition
5. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Maxim of Manner
Ambiguity
Maxim of relevance
Maxim of Manner
6. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation
Flouting
Phoneme
Suffix
Four processes by which we produce sound
7. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Locutionary Act
Utterance
Morpheme
Four processes by which we produce sound
8. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Semantics
Maxim of Quantity
Flouting
Backformation
9. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Minimal pair
Transformations
Maxim of quality
Individual/Restricted connotation
10. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Performance
Dative Movement
Calque
Synchronic
11. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Kernel sentence
Polyglot
Descriptive
Competence
12. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Sign
Connotation
Universal Grammar
Referent
13. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Phoneme
Invention
Question
Suffix
14. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Borrowing
Inflectional morpheme
Three types of articulations
Derivation
15. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme
Bound morphemes
Maxim of Manner
Infix
Diachronic
16. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Shibboleth
Performance
Inference
Reflected connotation
17. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Signified
Backformation
Pragmatics
Kernel sentence
18. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Acronyms
Three types of articulations
Referent
Four processes by which we produce sound
19. Affix in the middle of a word
Infix
Intonation
Maxim of Manner
Prescriptive
20. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Diachronic
Transformations
Meaning
Metaphor
21. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Context
Coded connotations
Phoneme
Prefix
22. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Meaning
Shibboleth
Affective connotation
Clipping
23. A sentence in context
Adjacency Pair
Four processes by which we produce sound
Calque
Utterance
24. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Metaphor
Phonology
Suffix
Flouting
25. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Coherence
Maxim of Quantity
Pragmatics
Archaism
26. The overall meaning of a text
Derivational morpheme
Synchronic
Adjacency Pair
Coherence
27. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Prefix
Transformations
Semantic features
Categorizations of Speech Acts
28. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Homonyms
Semantic features
Four components of sounds
Deictics
29. A word that has died out
Particle hopping
Suffix
Recursion
Archaism
30. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Morphology
Collocative connotation
Categorizations of Speech Acts
31. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Language planning
Locutionary Act
Phonology
Flouting
32. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Dative Movement
Negation
Acronyms
Diachronic
33. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Intonation
Invention
Metaphor
Compounding
34. Meaning components
Shibboleth
Referent
Semantic features
Clipping
35. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Perlocutionary Act
Negation
Sign
Truth value
36. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)
Ambiguity
Invention
Blends
Signified
37. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Deictics
Archaism
Lexicon
Particle hopping
38. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Denotation
Connotation
Perlocutionary Act
Clipping
39. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Sign
Competence
Four components of sounds
Question
40. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Intonation
Language planning
Acronyms
Locutionary Act
41. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Metonymy
Denotation
Maxim of Manner
Minimal pair
42. Mental representation of a word
Meaning
Bound morphemes
Suffix
Prescriptive
43. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)
Semantic features
Illocutionary Act
Perlocutionary Act
Backformation
44. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Performance
Denotation
Maxim of relevance
Context
45. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Locutionary Act
Syntax
Negation
Truth value
46. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts
Inference
Metonymy
Idioms
Passive
47. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Coded connotations
Metonymy
Adjacency Pair
Pragmatics
48. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Cohesion
Syntax
Social connotation
Archaism
49. Affix before the root
Coded connotations
Performance
Calque
Prefix
50. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Backformation
Semantic features
Individual/Restricted connotation
Social connotation