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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Synchronic
Linguistics
Maxim of Manner
Bound morphemes
2. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts
Prescriptive
Maxim of relevance
Derivation
Idioms
3. A sentence in context
Archaism
Meaning
Utterance
Phonology
4. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Metaphor
Inference
Prefix
Social connotation
5. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Free morphemes
Question
Language planning
Three types of articulations
6. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
Collocative connotation
Syntax
International Phonetic Alphabet
Descriptive
7. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Referent
Universal Grammar
Clipping
Intonation
8. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Adjacency Pair
Derivation
Descriptive
Pragmatics
9. The meaning derived from flouting
Lexicon
Implicature
Transformations
Phonetics
10. One who knows many languages
Polyglot
Meaning
Kernel sentence
Collocative connotation
11. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Clipping
Meaning
Connotation
Cohesion
12. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Recursion
Diachronic
Phoneme
Derivation
13. Affix in the middle of a word
Derivational morpheme
Coherence
Infix
Maxim of quality
14. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Maxim of quality
Synchronic
Question
Connotation
15. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)
Flouting
Signified
Affective connotation
Idioms
16. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Compounding
Blends
Three types of articulations
Universal Grammar
17. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Kernel sentence
Individual/Restricted connotation
Inference
Suffix
18. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Polyglot
Acronyms
Clipping
Derivational morpheme
19. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Speech Act
Negation
Borrowing
Adjacency Pair
20. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation
Blends
Phonology
Diachronic
Four processes by which we produce sound
21. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Maxim of relevance
Maxim of Manner
Acronyms
Clipping
22. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Shibboleth
Bound morphemes
Four components of sounds
Language planning
23. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning
Inference
Homonyms
Connotation
Context
24. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Phoneme
Four processes by which we produce sound
Infix
Lexicon
25. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts
Particle hopping
Idioms
Presupposition
Acronyms
26. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Competence
Dative Movement
Performance
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
27. The science that studies language
Signified
Locutionary Act
Perlocutionary Act
Linguistics
28. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Acronyms
Referent
Meaning
Transformations
29. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Calque
Flouting
Suffix
Performance
30. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Four processes by which we produce sound
Deixis
Three types of articulations
Affective connotation
31. An utterance produced by a speaker
Speech Act
Signified
Adjacency Pair
Deictics
32. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Prescriptive
Compounding
Minimal pair
Performance
33. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Pragmatics
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Phonetics
Speech Act
34. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Invention
Transformations
Diachronic
Derivation
35. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Shibboleth
Prefix
Presupposition
Synchronic
36. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Meaning
Polyglot
Signifier
Minimal pair
37. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Context
Language planning
Morphology
Perlocutionary Act
38. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Shibboleth
Semantics
Performance
Coded connotations
39. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Three types of articulations
Particle hopping
Individual/Restricted connotation
Presupposition
40. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Inference
Neologism
Prefix
Syntax
41. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Borrowing
Implicature
Four components of sounds
Metonymy
42. Affix before the root
Suffix
Prefix
Truth value
Backformation
43. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Syntax
Truth value
Intonation
Blends
44. The rise and fall of sentences
Intonation
Idioms
Clipping
Recursion
45. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Phoneme
Borrowing
Signifier
Morphology
46. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Intonation
Invention
Utterance
Locutionary Act
47. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Calque
Deictics
Phonetics
Infix
48. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Social connotation
Passive
Signified
Four processes by which we produce sound
49. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Connotation
Phonology
Dative Movement
Suffix
50. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning
Signifier
Signified
Connotation
Backformation