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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)
Inflectional morpheme
Borrowing
Invention
Compounding
2. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Calque
Particle hopping
Performance
Individual/Restricted connotation
3. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Truth value
Sign
Coherence
Speech Act
4. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)
Clipping
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Free morphemes
Phonology
5. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Derivational morpheme
Phoneme
Maxim of Manner
Sign
6. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Referent
Inflectional morpheme
Derivational morpheme
Phonology
7. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)
Borrowing
Collocative connotation
Maxim of relevance
Deictics
8. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Maxim of quality
Semantic features
Referent
Kernel sentence
9. A new word
Neologism
Phonetics
Inference
Coherence
10. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Clipping
Compounding
Dative Movement
Synchronic
11. Deals with how sentences are formed
Presupposition
Phonetics
Metonymy
Syntax
12. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Calque
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Dative Movement
International Phonetic Alphabet
13. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Cohesion
Bound morphemes
Invention
Dative Movement
14. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Utterance
Borrowing
Coded connotations
Pragmatics
15. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Morphology
Truth value
Maxim of Quantity
Inference
16. A sentence in context
Context
Utterance
Sign
Linguistics
17. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Archaism
Denotation
Synchronic
Inference
18. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Connotation
Flouting
Prescriptive
Maxim of Quantity
19. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Morphology
Sign
Maxim of relevance
Acronyms
20. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Metonymy
Lexicon
Acronyms
Metaphor
21. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Adjacency Pair
Polyglot
Metaphor
Bound morphemes
22. The overall meaning of a text
Pragmatics
Invention
Coherence
Lexicon
23. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Signified
Maxim of Manner
Prefix
Passive
24. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Diachronic
Performance
Shibboleth
Negation
25. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Neologism
Metonymy
Deictics
Maxim of quality
26. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Archaism
Intonation
Cohesion
Descriptive
27. A word that has died out
Flouting
Archaism
Collocative connotation
Social connotation
28. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Coded connotations
Implicature
Language planning
29. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation
Negation
Phonology
Inflectional morpheme
Four processes by which we produce sound
30. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Compounding
Compounding
Intonation
Dative Movement
31. Mental representation of a word
Morpheme
Four processes by which we produce sound
Meaning
Prefix
32. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Morphology
Universal Grammar
Reflected connotation
Negation
33. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Implicature
Inflectional morpheme
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Homonyms
34. Mental representation of a word
Borrowing
Meaning
Morpheme
Prefix
35. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Metonymy
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Clipping
Syntax
36. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Cohesion
Coherence
Signified
Lexicon
37. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Prefix
Polyglot
Infix
38. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Flouting
Ambiguity
Dative Movement
Backformation
39. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Illocutionary Act
Prescriptive
Linguistics
Linguistics
40. A word that has died out
Recursion
Deixis
Morphology
Archaism
41. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Connotation
Signifier
Adjacency Pair
Utterance
42. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Three types of articulations
Free morphemes
Bound morphemes
Illocutionary Act
43. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Three types of articulations
Pragmatics
Denotation
Invention
44. Meaning components
Individual/Restricted connotation
Speech Act
Semantic features
Maxim of Manner
45. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Individual/Restricted connotation
Shibboleth
Phonetics
Dative Movement
46. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Maxim of Manner
Perlocutionary Act
Backformation
Context
47. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Phonology
Implicature
Referent
Deixis
48. Deals with how sentences are formed
Four components of sounds
Syntax
Clipping
Neologism
49. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)
Ambiguity
Denotation
Minimal pair
International Phonetic Alphabet
50. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Backformation
Minimal pair
Signified
Referent