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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Illocutionary Act
Four processes by which we produce sound
Synchronic
Competence
2. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
Language planning
International Phonetic Alphabet
Signifier
Connotation
3. The ability to produce language - what you know
Context
Speech Act
International Phonetic Alphabet
Competence
4. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Context
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Reflected connotation
Derivational morpheme
5. Deals with how sentences are formed
Three types of articulations
Linguistics
Borrowing
Syntax
6. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Diachronic
Intonation
Phonology
Flouting
7. The overall meaning of a text
Lexicon
Coherence
Sign
Minimal pair
8. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)
Borrowing
Maxim of relevance
Maxim of Manner
Bound morphemes
9. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Phoneme
Semantics
Maxim of Manner
Prescriptive
10. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Shibboleth
Negation
Recursion
Inference
11. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Intonation
Phoneme
Reflected connotation
Lexicon
12. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Maxim of relevance
Individual/Restricted connotation
Metaphor
Social connotation
13. Deals with the sounds of a language
Phonetics
Maxim of quality
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Lexicon
14. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)
Social connotation
Free morphemes
Four components of sounds
Descriptive
15. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)
Deixis
Borrowing
Passive
Compounding
16. The meaning derived from flouting
Minimal pair
Derivational morpheme
Three types of articulations
Implicature
17. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Context
Three types of articulations
Syntax
Backformation
18. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Linguistics
Morpheme
Phoneme
Phonetics
19. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Perlocutionary Act
Coherence
Lexicon
Semantics
20. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Lexicon
Homonyms
Meaning
Clipping
21. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Implicature
Phoneme
Inference
Maxim of Manner
22. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Phonology
Adjacency Pair
Four components of sounds
Maxim of relevance
23. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Performance
Inflectional morpheme
Four components of sounds
Recursion
24. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Deictics
Maxim of relevance
Language planning
Utterance
25. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Archaism
Semantic features
Compounding
Sign
26. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Prescriptive
Metaphor
Individual/Restricted connotation
Compounding
27. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Deictics
Speech Act
Morpheme
Derivational morpheme
28. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Syntax
Truth value
Four processes by which we produce sound
Universal Grammar
29. Affix before the root
Particle hopping
Reflected connotation
Pragmatics
Prefix
30. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Performance
Maxim of relevance
Adjacency Pair
Linguistics
31. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Question
Negation
Deixis
Signifier
32. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Utterance
Diachronic
Suffix
Flouting
33. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation
Denotation
Four processes by which we produce sound
Clipping
Kernel sentence
34. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Synchronic
Locutionary Act
Bound morphemes
Affective connotation
35. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)
Descriptive
Compounding
Presupposition
Connotation
36. The rise and fall of sentences
Transformations
Intonation
Performance
Derivation
37. The meaning of a sign
Social connotation
Metaphor
Lexicon
Signified
38. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Universal Grammar
Referent
Diachronic
Compounding
39. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Borrowing
Free morphemes
Maxim of Manner
Negation
40. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Metonymy
Affective connotation
Coded connotations
Recursion
41. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Kernel sentence
Linguistics
Performance
Signifier
42. Affix in the middle of a word
Infix
Transformations
Particle hopping
Denotation
43. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Descriptive
Invention
Metaphor
Archaism
44. An utterance produced by a speaker
Neologism
Speech Act
Dative Movement
Performance
45. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Speech Act
Minimal pair
Sign
Flouting
46. An utterance produced by a speaker
Speech Act
Reflected connotation
Syntax
Utterance
47. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)
Idioms
Ambiguity
Polyglot
Synchronic
48. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Inflectional morpheme
Negation
Maxim of Quantity
Perlocutionary Act
49. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Collocative connotation
Archaism
Dative Movement
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
50. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Phonology
Affective connotation
Language planning
Context