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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Diachronic
Invention
Illocutionary Act
Shibboleth
2. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning
Connotation
Four components of sounds
Syntax
Four processes by which we produce sound
3. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)
Compounding
Intonation
Competence
Dative Movement
4. Affix before the root
Prefix
Recursion
Inflectional morpheme
Dative Movement
5. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Signified
Morpheme
Phoneme
Metaphor
6. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Maxim of relevance
Morphology
Competence
7. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)
Affective connotation
Backformation
Meaning
Blends
8. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Idioms
Coded connotations
Dative Movement
Homonyms
9. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Perlocutionary Act
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Kernel sentence
Signifier
10. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Metaphor
Derivation
Synchronic
Passive
11. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Homonyms
Inflectional morpheme
Sign
Presupposition
12. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Deictics
Maxim of relevance
Deixis
Signified
13. The overall meaning of a text
Coherence
Semantic features
Metonymy
Metaphor
14. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Competence
Prescriptive
Diachronic
Illocutionary Act
15. Affix in the middle of a word
Backformation
Metonymy
Infix
Free morphemes
16. A word that has died out
Implicature
Archaism
Kernel sentence
Locutionary Act
17. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Blends
Question
Maxim of Quantity
Lexicon
18. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Homonyms
Deixis
Morphology
Denotation
19. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Inflectional morpheme
Three types of articulations
Reflected connotation
International Phonetic Alphabet
20. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Collocative connotation
Linguistics
Implicature
21. A new word
Neologism
Sign
Speech Act
Flouting
22. An utterance produced by a speaker
Speech Act
Illocutionary Act
Individual/Restricted connotation
Clipping
23. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Pragmatics
Descriptive
Perlocutionary Act
Language planning
24. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Four components of sounds
Infix
Morphology
Question
25. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Morpheme
Prescriptive
Shibboleth
Collocative connotation
26. The ability to produce language - what you know
Blends
Dative Movement
Diachronic
Competence
27. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Prefix
Compounding
Four processes by which we produce sound
Metonymy
28. A new word
Connotation
Neologism
Recursion
Deixis
29. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)
Signifier
Illocutionary Act
Referent
Semantic features
30. Deals with the sounds of a language
Homonyms
Phonetics
Diachronic
Three types of articulations
31. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Metonymy
Universal Grammar
Kernel sentence
Question
32. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Passive
Homonyms
Shibboleth
Pragmatics
33. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Inflectional morpheme
Implicature
Prefix
Denotation
34. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality
Phonology
Maxim of Manner
Language planning
Social connotation
35. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme
Suffix
Shibboleth
Maxim of Quantity
Bound morphemes
36. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Clipping
Derivational morpheme
Prefix
Meaning
37. A word that has died out
Transformations
Archaism
Intonation
Dative Movement
38. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Context
Invention
Referent
Maxim of quality
39. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Prescriptive
Adjacency Pair
Sign
Maxim of relevance
40. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Syntax
Collocative connotation
Individual/Restricted connotation
Clipping
41. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)
Speech Act
Recursion
Blends
Reflected connotation
42. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Acronyms
Linguistics
Archaism
Metaphor
43. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Deictics
Universal Grammar
Syntax
Language planning
44. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Shibboleth
Lexicon
Calque
International Phonetic Alphabet
45. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Morphology
Context
Phonetics
Phonology
46. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Signifier
Connotation
Shibboleth
Metonymy
47. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Truth value
Perlocutionary Act
Cohesion
48. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Semantic features
Maxim of Quantity
Individual/Restricted connotation
Semantics
49. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Affective connotation
Negation
Presupposition
Particle hopping
50. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Invention
Referent
Derivation
Four processes by which we produce sound
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