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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Negation
Meaning
Polyglot
Backformation
2. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Competence
Implicature
Passive
Phonetics
3. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Phonetics
Inference
Backformation
International Phonetic Alphabet
4. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Syntax
Affective connotation
Archaism
Three types of articulations
5. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Homonyms
Diachronic
Derivational morpheme
Phonetics
6. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Linguistics
Adjacency Pair
Infix
Presupposition
7. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Ambiguity
Flouting
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Implicature
8. The meaning derived from flouting
Implicature
Recursion
Derivational morpheme
Acronyms
9. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Derivation
Flouting
Performance
Phonology
10. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Pragmatics
Maxim of Quantity
Borrowing
Three types of articulations
11. Deals with how sentences are formed
Derivation
Derivational morpheme
Syntax
Prefix
12. The ability to produce language - what you know
Prescriptive
Calque
Competence
Neologism
13. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Question
Derivational morpheme
Borrowing
Presupposition
14. The rise and fall of sentences
Derivational morpheme
Reflected connotation
Maxim of quality
Intonation
15. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Connotation
Presupposition
Morpheme
Flouting
16. A word that has died out
Maxim of Quantity
Metaphor
Archaism
Infix
17. A sentence in context
Derivational morpheme
Semantic features
Suffix
Utterance
18. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Dative Movement
Four components of sounds
Phonology
Shibboleth
19. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Flouting
Invention
Presupposition
Archaism
20. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Performance
Calque
Transformations
Meaning
21. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Implicature
Four components of sounds
Dative Movement
Presupposition
22. A new word
Dative Movement
Competence
Cohesion
Neologism
23. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)
Ambiguity
Affective connotation
Linguistics
Implicature
24. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Backformation
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Borrowing
Maxim of Manner
25. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)
Derivation
Free morphemes
Semantic features
Truth value
26. An utterance produced by a speaker
Affective connotation
Speech Act
Reflected connotation
Individual/Restricted connotation
27. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Signified
Morpheme
Adjacency Pair
Metaphor
28. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
Affective connotation
Particle hopping
Coherence
International Phonetic Alphabet
29. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Referent
Coherence
Reflected connotation
Shibboleth
30. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Compounding
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Transformations
Morpheme
31. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Phonology
Shibboleth
Flouting
Backformation
32. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Semantics
Reflected connotation
Descriptive
Four components of sounds
33. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Metonymy
Coherence
Synchronic
Flouting
34. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Question
Individual/Restricted connotation
Polyglot
Maxim of quality
35. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Phonetics
Linguistics
Competence
Transformations
36. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Linguistics
Lexicon
Competence
Dative Movement
37. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Metaphor
Kernel sentence
Context
Lexicon
38. A word that has died out
Archaism
Ambiguity
Borrowing
Backformation
39. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Transformations
Presupposition
Phonetics
Maxim of Manner
40. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)
Morphology
Free morphemes
Infix
Diachronic
41. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)
Prefix
Truth value
Blends
Maxim of quality
42. Deals with how sentences are formed
Syntax
Individual/Restricted connotation
Four processes by which we produce sound
Utterance
43. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Four processes by which we produce sound
Neologism
Adjacency Pair
Minimal pair
44. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Maxim of quality
Morphology
Phoneme
Lexicon
45. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Denotation
Negation
Shibboleth
Language planning
46. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Utterance
Phonology
Denotation
Acronyms
47. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Pragmatics
Denotation
Semantics
Three types of articulations
48. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Shibboleth
Syntax
Kernel sentence
Recursion
49. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Invention
Ambiguity
Cohesion
Particle hopping
50. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
Metaphor
Competence
International Phonetic Alphabet
Descriptive