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Linguistics Basics

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)






2. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that






3. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)






4. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning






5. Meaning components






6. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts






7. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)






8. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts






9. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)






10. Affix after the root






11. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history






12. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)






13. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history






14. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word






15. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)






16. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words






17. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)






18. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)






19. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes






20. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)






21. The branch of pragmatics that studies deictic words






22. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for






23. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)






24. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell






25. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes






26. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)






27. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)






28. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)






29. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)






30. The branch of pragmatics that studies deictic words






31. A sentence in context






32. Mental representation of a word






33. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives






34. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)






35. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)






36. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)






37. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence






38. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)






39. The meaning derived from flouting






40. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language






41. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)






42. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true






43. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)






44. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings






45. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)






46. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind






47. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence






48. An utterance produced by a speaker






49. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality






50. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)







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