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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning
Sign
Perlocutionary Act
Connotation
Collocative connotation
2. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Particle hopping
Signified
Inference
Adjacency Pair
3. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Prescriptive
Intonation
Truth value
Sign
4. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Sign
Adjacency Pair
Meaning
Context
5. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Phoneme
Archaism
Transformations
Signifier
6. The overall meaning of a text
Phoneme
Coherence
Bound morphemes
Denotation
7. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Perlocutionary Act
Synchronic
Neologism
Shibboleth
8. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Referent
Borrowing
Three types of articulations
Morpheme
9. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Semantics
Compounding
Truth value
Backformation
10. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Lexicon
Social connotation
Maxim of relevance
Maxim of quality
11. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)
Illocutionary Act
Minimal pair
Free morphemes
Ambiguity
12. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Performance
Negation
Locutionary Act
Minimal pair
13. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Particle hopping
Dative Movement
Speech Act
Calque
14. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Context
Ambiguity
Flouting
Signified
15. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Suffix
Shibboleth
Adjacency Pair
Deictics
16. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Utterance
Calque
Adjacency Pair
Ambiguity
17. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Invention
Compounding
Polyglot
Categorizations of Speech Acts
18. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Sign
Maxim of relevance
Utterance
Categorizations of Speech Acts
19. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme
Cohesion
Four processes by which we produce sound
Bound morphemes
Categorizations of Speech Acts
20. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Referent
Denotation
Derivation
Lexicon
21. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Individual/Restricted connotation
Pragmatics
Dative Movement
Linguistics
22. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Pragmatics
Inference
Descriptive
Utterance
23. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Prescriptive
Language planning
Calque
Coded connotations
24. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts
Kernel sentence
Reflected connotation
Idioms
Transformations
25. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Speech Act
Coded connotations
Acronyms
Minimal pair
26. The science that studies language
Prescriptive
Linguistics
Performance
Perlocutionary Act
27. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Semantic features
Meaning
Semantics
Coded connotations
28. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Perlocutionary Act
Pragmatics
Language planning
Question
29. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Presupposition
Deictics
Universal Grammar
Flouting
30. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Particle hopping
Adjacency Pair
Four components of sounds
Reflected connotation
31. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
International Phonetic Alphabet
Compounding
Inflectional morpheme
Idioms
32. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Calque
Maxim of quality
Phonology
Bound morphemes
33. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Compounding
Four components of sounds
Meaning
Signifier
34. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Bound morphemes
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Inflectional morpheme
Deictics
35. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Morpheme
Acronyms
Maxim of Quantity
Truth value
36. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Metonymy
Particle hopping
Phonetics
Perlocutionary Act
37. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Archaism
Minimal pair
Particle hopping
Context
38. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Perlocutionary Act
Shibboleth
Derivational morpheme
Question
39. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Negation
Pragmatics
Referent
Minimal pair
40. The meaning derived from flouting
Compounding
Descriptive
Implicature
Homonyms
41. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Morphology
Negation
Neologism
Prescriptive
42. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Free morphemes
Neologism
Individual/Restricted connotation
Four processes by which we produce sound
43. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Speech Act
Bound morphemes
Deixis
Cohesion
44. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Semantics
Affective connotation
Clipping
Borrowing
45. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Presupposition
Semantics
Sign
Locutionary Act
46. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Phonology
Synchronic
Recursion
Dative Movement
47. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme
Intonation
Coherence
Bound morphemes
Four processes by which we produce sound
48. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Signifier
Referent
Passive
Implicature
49. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Compounding
Truth value
Maxim of Manner
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
50. A new word
Recursion
Signifier
Neologism
Descriptive