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Linguistics Basics

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An utterance produced by a speaker






2. Deals with the sounds of a language






3. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only






4. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning






5. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation






6. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation






7. Actually saying a word - what you can do






8. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that






9. Mental representation of a word






10. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong






11. The rise and fall of sentences






12. One who knows many languages






13. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone






14. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)






15. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)






16. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning






17. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)






18. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)






19. Affix after the root






20. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)






21. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only






22. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)






23. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)






24. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes






25. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that






26. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)






27. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)






28. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words






29. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong






30. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)






31. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)






32. A new word






33. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied






34. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)






35. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)






36. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)






37. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc






38. Deals with how the sounds are organized






39. The rise and fall of sentences






40. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true






41. A single sound. K - d - t - e






42. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)






43. The science that studies language






44. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words






45. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives






46. Actually saying a word - what you can do






47. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)






48. The sequence of sounds that make up a word






49. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation






50. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary







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