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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The meaning derived from flouting
Synchronic
Idioms
Implicature
Coherence
2. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Deictics
Ambiguity
Borrowing
Maxim of Quantity
3. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Prefix
Acronyms
Polyglot
Derivation
4. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Infix
Connotation
Particle hopping
Clipping
5. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Deixis
Competence
Calque
Maxim of Manner
6. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Semantics
Perlocutionary Act
Syntax
Implicature
7. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Utterance
Diachronic
Neologism
Semantics
8. One who knows many languages
Polyglot
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Performance
Phonology
9. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Morphology
Phoneme
Descriptive
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
10. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Utterance
Diachronic
Reflected connotation
Context
11. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Semantic features
Denotation
Signified
Maxim of relevance
12. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Derivational morpheme
Inference
Backformation
Maxim of relevance
13. An utterance produced by a speaker
Collocative connotation
Pragmatics
Speech Act
Dative Movement
14. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Three types of articulations
Infix
Transformations
Borrowing
15. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Utterance
Backformation
Suffix
Morphology
16. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Phonetics
Universal Grammar
Maxim of Manner
Derivational morpheme
17. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Metonymy
Kernel sentence
Presupposition
Archaism
18. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Polyglot
Affective connotation
Compounding
Performance
19. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
Collocative connotation
Maxim of quality
Coherence
International Phonetic Alphabet
20. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Performance
Blends
Kernel sentence
Morphology
21. The meaning derived from flouting
Semantic features
Implicature
Clipping
Truth value
22. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)
Deictics
Blends
Inference
Competence
23. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Semantics
Phonology
Lexicon
Locutionary Act
24. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Morpheme
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Four components of sounds
Maxim of Manner
25. An utterance produced by a speaker
Speech Act
Phoneme
Intonation
Inflectional morpheme
26. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)
Illocutionary Act
Intonation
Neologism
Four components of sounds
27. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Kernel sentence
Maxim of Quantity
Derivational morpheme
Metaphor
28. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Phonetics
Clipping
International Phonetic Alphabet
Reflected connotation
29. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Backformation
Three types of articulations
Particle hopping
Semantic features
30. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Denotation
Descriptive
Clipping
Polyglot
31. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Locutionary Act
Signifier
Pragmatics
Coherence
32. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Truth value
Homonyms
Maxim of quality
Deictics
33. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Synchronic
Performance
Referent
Intonation
34. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Linguistics
Coded connotations
Minimal pair
Compounding
35. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Perlocutionary Act
Invention
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Individual/Restricted connotation
36. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Universal Grammar
Shibboleth
Four components of sounds
Maxim of quality
37. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Inference
Backformation
Meaning
Coherence
38. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)
Language planning
Semantic features
Speech Act
Compounding
39. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Homonyms
Maxim of quality
Backformation
Pragmatics
40. A word that has died out
Performance
Compounding
Four components of sounds
Archaism
41. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Diachronic
Phoneme
Prefix
Context
42. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Lexicon
Collocative connotation
Connotation
Metaphor
43. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Illocutionary Act
Recursion
Prescriptive
Kernel sentence
44. A sentence in context
Utterance
Three types of articulations
Universal Grammar
Infix
45. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Truth value
Inflectional morpheme
Semantic features
Three types of articulations
46. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality
Social connotation
Metaphor
Particle hopping
Pragmatics
47. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Descriptive
Metonymy
Universal Grammar
Phoneme
48. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning
Connotation
Bound morphemes
Deictics
Affective connotation
49. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Backformation
Competence
Homonyms
Semantic features
50. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Linguistics
Reflected connotation
Inference
Compounding
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