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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation
Shibboleth
Four processes by which we produce sound
Inference
Denotation
2. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Utterance
Universal Grammar
Inflectional morpheme
Maxim of relevance
3. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Kernel sentence
Utterance
Free morphemes
Dative Movement
4. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Acronyms
Coded connotations
Three types of articulations
Flouting
5. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Diachronic
Deictics
Phonology
Collocative connotation
6. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Referent
Invention
Borrowing
Maxim of Manner
7. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Ambiguity
Dative Movement
Coded connotations
Borrowing
8. The meaning derived from flouting
Kernel sentence
Adjacency Pair
Implicature
Locutionary Act
9. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)
Shibboleth
Free morphemes
Homonyms
Acronyms
10. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Phonology
Adjacency Pair
Four processes by which we produce sound
Dative Movement
11. Putting two old words together to make a new word (railway)
Recursion
Neologism
Coherence
Compounding
12. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Locutionary Act
Reflected connotation
Language planning
Denotation
13. The science that studies language
Shibboleth
Linguistics
Invention
Performance
14. Affix after the root
Suffix
Performance
Universal Grammar
Utterance
15. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Passive
Syntax
Semantics
Adjacency Pair
16. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Compounding
Descriptive
Signified
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
17. Deals with the sounds of a language
Metonymy
Deixis
Phonetics
Adjacency Pair
18. The meaning derived from flouting
Phoneme
Implicature
Affective connotation
Particle hopping
19. The rise and fall of sentences
Negation
Intonation
Dative Movement
Synchronic
20. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
International Phonetic Alphabet
Kernel sentence
Pragmatics
Collocative connotation
21. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality
Recursion
Social connotation
Syntax
Maxim of Quantity
22. A sentence in context
Calque
Utterance
Acronyms
Implicature
23. The overall meaning of a text
Coherence
Syntax
Utterance
Prescriptive
24. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Diachronic
Inference
Signifier
Four components of sounds
25. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Maxim of Quantity
Transformations
Morpheme
Backformation
26. The science that studies language
Signified
Linguistics
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Truth value
27. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Collocative connotation
Phonetics
Minimal pair
Pragmatics
28. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Cohesion
Deixis
Denotation
Calque
29. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Derivational morpheme
Backformation
Maxim of Manner
Polyglot
30. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality
Truth value
Deictics
Locutionary Act
Social connotation
31. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Inflectional morpheme
Transformations
Lexicon
Lexicon
32. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Acronyms
Minimal pair
Coded connotations
Individual/Restricted connotation
33. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Linguistics
Truth value
Inflectional morpheme
Kernel sentence
34. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Semantics
Phonetics
Collocative connotation
Categorizations of Speech Acts
35. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Pragmatics
Connotation
Calque
Collocative connotation
36. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Passive
Invention
Four processes by which we produce sound
Pragmatics
37. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Inference
Acronyms
Shibboleth
Derivation
38. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
International Phonetic Alphabet
Utterance
Language planning
Negation
39. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Truth value
Negation
Intonation
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
40. An utterance produced by a speaker
Context
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Linguistics
Speech Act
41. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Deictics
Homonyms
Adjacency Pair
Derivational morpheme
42. The overall meaning of a text
Utterance
Coherence
Semantic features
Competence
43. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Three types of articulations
Synchronic
Four components of sounds
Perlocutionary Act
44. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Locutionary Act
Phoneme
Perlocutionary Act
Flouting
45. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Cohesion
Borrowing
Prescriptive
46. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Particle hopping
Kernel sentence
Morphology
Linguistics
47. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Polyglot
Maxim of Quantity
Homonyms
Dative Movement
48. Deals with how sentences are formed
Transformations
Context
Invention
Syntax
49. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Phonology
Utterance
Four processes by which we produce sound
Referent
50. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Phonology
Truth value
Descriptive
Prefix