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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Deals with how sentences are formed
Pragmatics
Phonology
Syntax
Borrowing
2. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Linguistics
Inflectional morpheme
Reflected connotation
Lexicon
3. Deals with how sentences are formed
Syntax
Polyglot
Free morphemes
Morphology
4. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Maxim of Quantity
Speech Act
Calque
Passive
5. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Cohesion
Infix
Synchronic
Compounding
6. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Locutionary Act
Transformations
Clipping
Prescriptive
7. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Coherence
Performance
Illocutionary Act
Derivation
8. The meaning derived from flouting
Shibboleth
Implicature
Four processes by which we produce sound
Signified
9. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Derivation
Three types of articulations
Adjacency Pair
Prescriptive
10. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Dative Movement
Individual/Restricted connotation
Lexicon
11. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Speech Act
Semantics
Maxim of relevance
Acronyms
12. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Coded connotations
Phoneme
Presupposition
Context
13. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Implicature
Syntax
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Backformation
14. Mental representation of a word
Meaning
Reflected connotation
Perlocutionary Act
Homonyms
15. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Coded connotations
Language planning
Archaism
Prefix
16. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Ambiguity
Coherence
Derivation
Deixis
17. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Recursion
Ambiguity
Four components of sounds
Derivation
18. Affix before the root
Clipping
Prefix
Reflected connotation
Presupposition
19. The rise and fall of sentences
Kernel sentence
Inflectional morpheme
Intonation
Semantic features
20. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Transformations
Reflected connotation
Individual/Restricted connotation
Collocative connotation
21. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Suffix
Dative Movement
Universal Grammar
Individual/Restricted connotation
22. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Collocative connotation
Truth value
Adjacency Pair
Backformation
23. The overall meaning of a text
Derivational morpheme
Coherence
Cohesion
Adjacency Pair
24. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)
Referent
Individual/Restricted connotation
Maxim of relevance
Free morphemes
25. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Kernel sentence
Context
Polyglot
26. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Maxim of Quantity
Compounding
Locutionary Act
Backformation
27. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)
Ambiguity
Backformation
Particle hopping
Semantics
28. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Suffix
Intonation
Maxim of quality
Presupposition
29. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Minimal pair
Competence
Inference
Calque
30. The rise and fall of sentences
Competence
Intonation
Syntax
Descriptive
31. A sentence in context
Borrowing
Utterance
Three types of articulations
Semantic features
32. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Calque
Maxim of Quantity
Question
Acronyms
33. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Homonyms
Passive
Acronyms
Presupposition
34. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation
Adjacency Pair
Performance
Language planning
Four processes by which we produce sound
35. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Derivation
Suffix
Illocutionary Act
Speech Act
36. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)
Perlocutionary Act
Presupposition
Diachronic
Borrowing
37. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Blends
Derivational morpheme
Three types of articulations
38. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Archaism
Referent
Three types of articulations
Language planning
39. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Question
Semantic features
Particle hopping
Social connotation
40. One who knows many languages
Invention
Truth value
Recursion
Polyglot
41. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Backformation
Derivational morpheme
Competence
Adjacency Pair
42. The meaning of a sign
Signified
Meaning
Coded connotations
Intonation
43. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Homonyms
Phonology
Bound morphemes
Synchronic
44. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Three types of articulations
Utterance
Linguistics
Locutionary Act
45. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)
Derivation
Illocutionary Act
Maxim of Manner
Signifier
46. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)
Morpheme
Illocutionary Act
Individual/Restricted connotation
Clipping
47. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Reflected connotation
Maxim of Manner
Connotation
Neologism
48. An utterance produced by a speaker
Recursion
Descriptive
Maxim of Quantity
Speech Act
49. The science that studies language
Reflected connotation
Denotation
Linguistics
Reflected connotation
50. A new word
Pragmatics
Neologism
Maxim of quality
Acronyms
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