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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Deixis
Acronyms
Prescriptive
2. A new word
Coded connotations
Neologism
Utterance
Universal Grammar
3. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Question
Maxim of Quantity
Perlocutionary Act
Idioms
4. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Deictics
Three types of articulations
Context
Passive
5. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Derivational morpheme
Infix
Inference
Adjacency Pair
6. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Speech Act
Lexicon
Free morphemes
Infix
7. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Coded connotations
Calque
Semantics
Perlocutionary Act
8. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Synchronic
Language planning
Acronyms
Coded connotations
9. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Implicature
Affective connotation
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Three types of articulations
10. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules
Speech Act
Ambiguity
Recursion
Prescriptive
11. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Locutionary Act
Lexicon
Inflectional morpheme
Context
12. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Phoneme
Negation
Utterance
Presupposition
13. Affix before the root
Four processes by which we produce sound
Prefix
Polyglot
Passive
14. Mental representation of a word
Phonology
Four processes by which we produce sound
Meaning
Sign
15. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Maxim of Quantity
Prefix
Shibboleth
Backformation
16. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Question
Homonyms
Metonymy
Maxim of quality
17. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality
Clipping
Derivational morpheme
Phonology
Social connotation
18. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Calque
Descriptive
Truth value
Borrowing
19. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning
Syntax
Connotation
Synchronic
Clipping
20. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Language planning
Three types of articulations
Acronyms
Metonymy
21. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Dative Movement
Coded connotations
Individual/Restricted connotation
Competence
22. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Presupposition
Semantics
Utterance
Question
23. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Shibboleth
Maxim of relevance
Universal Grammar
Morpheme
24. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Clipping
Morpheme
Implicature
Perlocutionary Act
25. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Dative Movement
Diachronic
Morphology
Ambiguity
26. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Question
Synchronic
Cohesion
Categorizations of Speech Acts
27. Meaning components
Linguistics
Semantic features
Universal Grammar
Clipping
28. The meaning of a sign
Signified
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Pragmatics
Semantic features
29. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Signifier
Passive
Four processes by which we produce sound
Collocative connotation
30. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Context
Semantic features
Four processes by which we produce sound
Phoneme
31. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Linguistics
Deixis
Affective connotation
Performance
32. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Kernel sentence
Dative Movement
Particle hopping
Question
33. An utterance produced by a speaker
Passive
Coherence
Performance
Speech Act
34. One who knows many languages
Infix
Suffix
Polyglot
Calque
35. A word that has died out
Archaism
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Minimal pair
Clipping
36. The meaning of a sign
Passive
Signified
Dative Movement
Locutionary Act
37. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Question
Lexicon
Collocative connotation
Blends
38. The overall meaning of a text
Performance
Coded connotations
Coherence
Inflectional morpheme
39. Deals with how sentences are formed
Derivational morpheme
Neologism
Kernel sentence
Syntax
40. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Metonymy
Particle hopping
Calque
Cohesion
41. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Social connotation
Calque
Connotation
Signified
42. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Signified
Metonymy
Morphology
Semantics
43. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Free morphemes
Phonology
Collocative connotation
Compounding
44. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Universal Grammar
Idioms
Metonymy
Inference
45. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)
Affective connotation
Implicature
Bound morphemes
Flouting
46. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Linguistics
Phonetics
Maxim of Manner
Referent
47. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Morphology
Metaphor
Phonetics
Categorizations of Speech Acts
48. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Lexicon
Acronyms
Locutionary Act
Three types of articulations
49. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)
Coherence
Collocative connotation
Denotation
Flouting
50. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Context
Deixis
Collocative connotation
Invention
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