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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Affective connotation
Calque
Deictics
Negation
2. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Deictics
Question
Adjacency Pair
Kernel sentence
3. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Universal Grammar
Free morphemes
Descriptive
Collocative connotation
4. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality
Connotation
Blends
Four processes by which we produce sound
Social connotation
5. Deals with the sounds of a language
Phoneme
Diachronic
Phonetics
Question
6. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Free morphemes
Locutionary Act
Affective connotation
Flouting
7. A new word
Neologism
Metaphor
Morpheme
Linguistics
8. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Maxim of quality
Maxim of relevance
Dative Movement
Social connotation
9. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Minimal pair
Context
Synchronic
Borrowing
10. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Individual/Restricted connotation
Pragmatics
Inflectional morpheme
Phonetics
11. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Minimal pair
Clipping
International Phonetic Alphabet
Diachronic
12. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Acronyms
Referent
Maxim of Manner
Metaphor
13. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Reflected connotation
Four components of sounds
Prescriptive
Affective connotation
14. Affix after the root
Inference
Homonyms
Idioms
Suffix
15. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Suffix
Synchronic
Cohesion
Utterance
16. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Adjacency Pair
Prescriptive
Reflected connotation
Four components of sounds
17. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Coherence
Diachronic
Clipping
Cohesion
18. The meaning of a sign
Signified
Universal Grammar
Metonymy
Polyglot
19. One who knows many languages
Sign
Four processes by which we produce sound
Polyglot
Prescriptive
20. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Signifier
Borrowing
Coherence
21. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Collocative connotation
Inflectional morpheme
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Derivational morpheme
22. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Kernel sentence
Four processes by which we produce sound
Locutionary Act
Connotation
23. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Synchronic
Morpheme
Truth value
Shibboleth
24. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Derivational morpheme
Calque
Coded connotations
Social connotation
25. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Deictics
Referent
Signified
Metaphor
26. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Presupposition
Maxim of Manner
Maxim of Manner
Signifier
27. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Question
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Lexicon
Affective connotation
28. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Descriptive
Referent
Bound morphemes
Semantics
29. The meaning derived from flouting
Adjacency Pair
Dative Movement
Passive
Implicature
30. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Lexicon
Question
Morphology
Maxim of Quantity
31. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Illocutionary Act
Invention
32. The overall meaning of a text
Invention
Coherence
Denotation
Pragmatics
33. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Minimal pair
Cohesion
Connotation
Maxim of Manner
34. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Homonyms
Four components of sounds
Syntax
Derivation
35. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Dative Movement
Four components of sounds
Phoneme
Phonetics
36. Deals with how sounds are put together to form words
Morphology
Deictics
Coherence
Shibboleth
37. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Passive
Metonymy
Social connotation
Clipping
38. The meaning of a sign
Denotation
Individual/Restricted connotation
Signified
Negation
39. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Maxim of relevance
Acronyms
Suffix
Maxim of Manner
40. The rise and fall of sentences
Intonation
Polyglot
Recursion
Semantics
41. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Phonetics
Compounding
Semantics
Context
42. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Maxim of quality
Language planning
Maxim of relevance
Polyglot
43. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Particle hopping
Phonology
Utterance
Metonymy
44. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Cohesion
Signifier
Lexicon
Neologism
45. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)
Blends
Maxim of quality
Metaphor
Truth value
46. Meaning components
Syntax
Semantic features
Synchronic
Presupposition
47. A sentence in context
Archaism
Meaning
Diachronic
Utterance
48. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Morpheme
Recursion
Illocutionary Act
Flouting
49. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Signified
Social connotation
Particle hopping
Deictics
50. The science that studies language
Derivation
Linguistics
Truth value
Performance
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