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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
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Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Descriptive
Calque
Morphology
Connotation
2. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Infix
Dative Movement
Maxim of Quantity
Deictics
3. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)
Blends
Flouting
Deictics
Clipping
4. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Universal Grammar
Phonetics
Maxim of Manner
Semantics
5. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Inference
Maxim of relevance
Locutionary Act
Shibboleth
6. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Signified
Phonology
Referent
Context
7. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Diachronic
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Signifier
Kernel sentence
8. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Borrowing
Affective connotation
Maxim of quality
Reflected connotation
9. A word that has died out
Archaism
Polyglot
Language planning
Prescriptive
10. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Backformation
Deixis
Sign
Context
11. The branch of pragmatics that studies deictic words
Phoneme
Dative Movement
Deixis
Blends
12. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Three types of articulations
Metaphor
Particle hopping
Descriptive
13. Breaking a word down by the way it looks and adding morphemes (workaholic - veggieburger)
Shibboleth
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Backformation
Acronyms
14. Mental representation of a word
Meaning
Minimal pair
Cohesion
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
15. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Maxim of quality
Invention
Three types of articulations
Semantics
16. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
Derivation
Calque
Maxim of relevance
International Phonetic Alphabet
17. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Free morphemes
Diachronic
Referent
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
18. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Clipping
Phonology
Sign
Transformations
19. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Implicature
Sign
Acronyms
Four components of sounds
20. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Free morphemes
Maxim of Manner
Truth value
Four components of sounds
21. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Particle hopping
Social connotation
Calque
Inflectional morpheme
22. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Derivational morpheme
Adjacency Pair
Performance
Intonation
23. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Metaphor
Inflectional morpheme
Phoneme
Synchronic
24. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Implicature
Signifier
Metaphor
Derivation
25. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Utterance
Illocutionary Act
Question
Maxim of Manner
26. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Three types of articulations
Four processes by which we produce sound
Phonetics
Pragmatics
27. Affix in the middle of a word
Performance
Linguistics
Collocative connotation
Infix
28. An utterance produced by a speaker
Shibboleth
Four processes by which we produce sound
Derivational morpheme
Speech Act
29. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Metaphor
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Individual/Restricted connotation
Polyglot
30. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Archaism
Minimal pair
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Coded connotations
31. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Calque
Polyglot
Illocutionary Act
Cohesion
32. One who knows many languages
Blends
Deixis
Polyglot
Prefix
33. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Minimal pair
Polyglot
Meaning
Particle hopping
34. A word that has died out
Four processes by which we produce sound
Polyglot
Transformations
Archaism
35. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Prefix
Universal Grammar
Truth value
Three types of articulations
36. The branch of pragmatics that studies deictic words
Deixis
Flouting
Derivational morpheme
Acronyms
37. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Social connotation
Illocutionary Act
Descriptive
Synchronic
38. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Recursion
Context
Phonetics
Passive
39. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme
Bound morphemes
Context
Semantics
Compounding
40. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Perlocutionary Act
Morphology
Three types of articulations
Semantics
41. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Infix
Maxim of relevance
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Context
42. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Metonymy
Homonyms
Prefix
Locutionary Act
43. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Context
Implicature
Cohesion
Dative Movement
44. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Shibboleth
Morphology
Flouting
Ambiguity
45. The meaning derived from flouting
Universal Grammar
Coded connotations
Pragmatics
Implicature
46. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Meaning
Derivational morpheme
Kernel sentence
Synchronic
47. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Inflectional morpheme
Phoneme
Morpheme
Synchronic
48. A new word
Morphology
Affective connotation
Lexicon
Neologism
49. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Intonation
Presupposition
Deictics
Syntax
50. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Reflected connotation
Free morphemes
Deictics
Lexicon
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