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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A new word
Semantic features
Neologism
Maxim of Quantity
Passive
2. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Shibboleth
Calque
Individual/Restricted connotation
Inflectional morpheme
3. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Negation
Universal Grammar
Archaism
Synchronic
4. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Borrowing
Prefix
Truth value
Maxim of quality
5. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Invention
Affective connotation
Perlocutionary Act
Coded connotations
6. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Calque
Idioms
Maxim of Quantity
Phonetics
7. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Kernel sentence
Prescriptive
Prefix
Implicature
8. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Lexicon
Sign
Morpheme
Borrowing
9. The vocabulary of a speaker/language
Lexicon
Affective connotation
Passive
Universal Grammar
10. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Context
Denotation
Ambiguity
Metaphor
11. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Referent
Idioms
Context
Maxim of relevance
12. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Acronyms
Metonymy
Diachronic
Calque
13. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words
Polyglot
Syntax
Maxim of relevance
Diachronic
14. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)
International Phonetic Alphabet
Derivation
Suffix
Affective connotation
15. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Coherence
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Reflected connotation
Borrowing
16. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)
Free morphemes
Maxim of quality
Homonyms
Presupposition
17. A transformation in which you shift the object of a sentence (Mary gave a book to John --> Mary gave John a book)
Dative Movement
Free morphemes
Locutionary Act
Compounding
18. A transformation in which you change the voice of the sentence (Mary stoop up John --> John was stood up by Mary)
Locutionary Act
Semantic features
Passive
Suffix
19. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Locutionary Act
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Referent
Universal Grammar
20. The object which you can see - touch - hear - or smell
Referent
Free morphemes
Reflected connotation
Inflectional morpheme
21. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Question
Particle hopping
Prescriptive
Idioms
22. Affix in the middle of a word
Signifier
Infix
Reflected connotation
Implicature
23. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Four processes by which we produce sound
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Prescriptive
Infix
24. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Illocutionary Act
Coded connotations
Locutionary Act
Signifier
25. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Context
Passive
Illocutionary Act
Minimal pair
26. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Borrowing
Semantic features
Three types of articulations
Lexicon
27. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Flouting
Presupposition
Denotation
Maxim of quality
28. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts
Archaism
Idioms
Coded connotations
Maxim of Manner
29. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Recursion
Utterance
Performance
Categorizations of Speech Acts
30. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Clipping
International Phonetic Alphabet
Infix
Idioms
31. The science that studies language
Signified
Affective connotation
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Linguistics
32. The branch of pragmatics that studies deictic words
Utterance
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Collocative connotation
Deixis
33. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Prefix
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Individual/Restricted connotation
Linguistics
34. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Referent
Recursion
Bound morphemes
Sign
35. The rise and fall of sentences
Free morphemes
Speech Act
Backformation
Intonation
36. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Competence
Adjacency Pair
Truth value
Shibboleth
37. The meaning derived from flouting
Implicature
Semantics
Collocative connotation
Flouting
38. Affix after the root
Implicature
Speech Act
Phonology
Suffix
39. Blending two existing words (motel - brunch)
Blends
Free morphemes
Infix
Flouting
40. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Question
Acronyms
Flouting
Denotation
41. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Maxim of relevance
Perlocutionary Act
Archaism
Prescriptive
42. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Derivational morpheme
Social connotation
Meaning
Phoneme
43. One who knows many languages
Four components of sounds
Recursion
Free morphemes
Polyglot
44. Affix in the middle of a word
Morphology
Phonetics
Infix
Reflected connotation
45. The ability to produce language - what you know
Deixis
Illocutionary Act
Competence
Phonology
46. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Clipping
Inference
Signified
Maxim of Quantity
47. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
International Phonetic Alphabet
Transformations
Sign
Implicature
48. A sentence in context
Recursion
Derivational morpheme
Utterance
Deixis
49. Invent new words from scratch (Xerox - Kleenex)
Invention
Idioms
Implicature
Borrowing
50. A word that has died out
Suffix
Signifier
Archaism
Four components of sounds