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Linguistics Basics

Subject : humanities
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)






2. Words that depend on the context of a sentence for meaning (I - here - now)






3. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)






4. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance






5. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'






6. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied






7. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)






8. The word that connects the meaning and the referent






9. The word that connects the meaning and the referent






10. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that






11. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)






12. The situation in which a sentence is uttered






13. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)






14. Deals with how the sounds are organized






15. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary






16. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)






17. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)






18. Deals with how sentences are formed






19. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)






20. Deals with how the sounds are organized






21. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes






22. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)






23. Affix after the root






24. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc






25. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world






26. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)






27. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for






28. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence






29. The fact that saying something commits you to it (vow - promise - swearing) (speech act)






30. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings






31. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning






32. The rise and fall of sentences






33. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation






34. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules






35. All aspects of meaning that go beyond the sense of the word - or the literal meaning






36. A black and white - right and wrong approach to language - traditional - seeks to impose outside arbitrary rules






37. Aspects of meaning having to do with the linguistic environment in which the expression occurs (cease and desist)






38. The branch of pragmatics that studies deictic words






39. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme






40. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words






41. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts






42. Meanings of the same word that are unrelated (bank)






43. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes






44. 1. Airstream 2. Phonation 3. Nasalization 4. Articulation






45. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)






46. Meaning components






47. Historical - shows how language has changed through time - traces the etymology of words






48. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only






49. Mental representation of a word






50. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)







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Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?


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