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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Phonology
Transformations
Minimal pair
Phoneme
2. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Social connotation
Synchronic
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Maxim of relevance
3. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Pragmatics
Semantics
Presupposition
Synchronic
4. Purposefully violating one of the principles/maxims of cooperation
Utterance
Adjacency Pair
Flouting
Inference
5. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Minimal pair
Locutionary Act
Dative Movement
Acronyms
6. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Metonymy
Compounding
Utterance
Categorizations of Speech Acts
7. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Meaning
Four components of sounds
Acronyms
Recursion
8. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Borrowing
Presupposition
Locutionary Act
Calque
9. The rise and fall of sentences
Intonation
Metonymy
Bound morphemes
Synchronic
10. A transformation in which you divide the phrasal verb (Mary stood up John --> Mary stoop John up)
Minimal pair
Phonetics
Maxim of Manner
Particle hopping
11. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Inference
Language planning
Phonetics
Derivational morpheme
12. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Reflected connotation
Intonation
Synchronic
Calque
13. The principle of cooperation that states to avoid obscurity and ambiguity - be brief and orderly
Transformations
Maxim of Manner
Phonology
Semantic features
14. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Phonetics
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Morphology
Four processes by which we produce sound
15. A new word
Invention
Prefix
Language planning
Neologism
16. A transformation in which you add an auxiliary verb and switching to question format
Acronyms
Syntax
Derivation
Question
17. Affix after the root
Suffix
Morpheme
Universal Grammar
Recursion
18. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Kernel sentence
Metonymy
Compounding
Metaphor
19. Actually saying a word - what you can do
Maxim of Quantity
Phoneme
Performance
Calque
20. The principle of cooperation that requires relevance
Morphology
Borrowing
Passive
Maxim of relevance
21. Affix in the middle of a word
Particle hopping
Presupposition
Denotation
Infix
22. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)
Social connotation
Recursion
Ambiguity
Maxim of relevance
23. Affixes - need to attach to another morpheme
Metonymy
Reflected connotation
Prefix
Bound morphemes
24. Occurs when words have been disambigued and a sentence has a clear meaning
Backformation
Truth value
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Adjacency Pair
25. Figurative use of meaning (Bob is a pig)
Metaphor
Sign
Maxim of Manner
Minimal pair
26. Aspects of meaning evoked by cultural or literary codes
Syntax
Perlocutionary Act
Minimal pair
Coded connotations
27. Change the meaning of a word - or part of speech (ex. child -> childhood)
Clipping
Backformation
Derivational morpheme
Sign
28. Noam Chomsky's idea that the principles that govern grammar are genetically programmed in human beings
Linguistics
Universal Grammar
International Phonetic Alphabet
Coded connotations
29. The meaning derived from flouting
Implicature
Signifier
Morphology
Inference
30. Aspects of meaning concerning other meanings of an expression that may be activated when irrelevant (cock)
Reflected connotation
Utterance
Linguistics
Derivation
31. A syntactic phenomenon where a given constituent is in a constituent of the same kind
Prefix
Minimal pair
Pragmatics
Recursion
32. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Presupposition
Maxim of Quantity
Infix
Connotation
33. The effect an utterance has on its audience (speech act)
Morphology
Dative Movement
Perlocutionary Act
Four components of sounds
34. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Perlocutionary Act
Derivational morpheme
Cohesion
Performance
35. Deals with how sentences are formed
Illocutionary Act
Syntax
Perlocutionary Act
Context
36. Deals with the sounds of a language
Coded connotations
Maxim of Quantity
Phonetics
Derivational morpheme
37. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Morpheme
Flouting
Adjacency Pair
Phonetics
38. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Minimal pair
Archaism
Inflectional morpheme
Prescriptive
39. What we say in a literal sense (speech act)
Acronyms
Homonyms
Locutionary Act
Deixis
40. Provides information about the group to which individuals belong
Shibboleth
Morpheme
Reflected connotation
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
41. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Meaning
Deictics
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Denotation
42. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)
Dative Movement
Deictics
Passive
Ambiguity
43. The overall meaning of a text
Invention
Coherence
Question
Negation
44. Using a word from another language to create a new word (cafe - deja-vu)
Signifier
Borrowing
Ambiguity
Four components of sounds
45. A single sound. K - d - t - e
Categorizations of Speech Acts
Blends
Phoneme
Flouting
46. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Four components of sounds
Universal Grammar
Homonyms
Bound morphemes
47. The science that studies language
Derivational morpheme
Linguistics
Dative Movement
Neologism
48. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Context
Individual/Restricted connotation
Phonetics
Passive
49. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)
Free morphemes
Affective connotation
Morpheme
Deixis
50. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Linguistics
Signifier
Context
Three types of articulations