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Test your basic knowledge |
Linguistics Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Free morphemes
Shibboleth
Metonymy
2. Using the initial letters of a set of words (NFL - NASA)
Competence
Lexicon
Sign
Acronyms
3. Mental representation of a word
Meaning
Utterance
Lexicon
Backformation
4. Two words of different meanings that differ in only one phoneme (bit and pit - dog and dock)
Affective connotation
Minimal pair
Semantics
Universal Grammar
5. The principle of cooperation that requires you be as informative as required but not more than that
Semantics
Illocutionary Act
Clipping
Maxim of Quantity
6. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Signifier
Denotation
Linguistics
Shibboleth
7. Used by linguists to represent sounds in the languages of the world
Minimal pair
Utterance
International Phonetic Alphabet
Particle hopping
8. Morphemes that can appear alone (cat)
Intonation
Phonology
Free morphemes
Blends
9. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Individual/Restricted connotation
Polyglot
Derivation
Invention
10. Moving parts of a sentence into different positions for emphatic purposes
Transformations
Negation
Negation
Reflected connotation
11. A sentence in which no transformation has been applied
Utterance
Kernel sentence
Backformation
Prescriptive
12. The branch of pragmatics that studies deictic words
Intonation
Signifier
Referent
Deixis
13. A word that has died out
Neologism
Archaism
Bound morphemes
Question
14. A sentence in context
Utterance
Three types of articulations
Maxim of Manner
Polyglot
15. Describes how language words today or at any given moment in time - not concerned with origin/history
Social connotation
Synchronic
Coded connotations
Minimal pair
16. 1. Representations 2. Directives 3. Expressives 4. Commissives 5. Declaratives
Utterance
Language planning
Maxim of relevance
Categorizations of Speech Acts
17. 1. Vowels (no obstruction) 2. Stops (complete obstruction) 3. Fricatives (Partial occlusion)
Inference
Coherence
Three types of articulations
Connotation
18. The Principle of cooperation that states that one does not say what is false or what you lack evidence for
Perlocutionary Act
Particle hopping
Maxim of quality
Metonymy
19. The overall meaning of a text
Coherence
Morpheme
Adjacency Pair
Phonetics
20. The connection between shape and meaning is arbitrary
Arbitrariness of the linguistic sign
Blends
Coded connotations
Truth value
21. Multiword units - the meaning of which is not the sum of its parts
Idioms
Sign
Minimal pair
Particle hopping
22. 1. Quality or timbre 2. Volume 3. Length 4. Pitch or tone
Maxim of Quantity
Descriptive
Four components of sounds
Coherence
23. Deals with the meaning of words - sentences - and texts
Semantics
Context
Cohesion
Categorizations of Speech Acts
24. Parts of a word are translated from other languages to create a new word (Fernsprecher)
Locutionary Act
Prescriptive
Reflected connotation
Calque
25. When a public body decides which language will be taught in schools - what languages public employees must know - etc
Sign
Kernel sentence
Language planning
Shibboleth
26. The ability to produce language - what you know
Competence
Locutionary Act
Metonymy
Backformation
27. A sentence in context
Truth value
Utterance
Phonetics
Pragmatics
28. Shift in meaning (drink a glass of water)
Prescriptive
Illocutionary Act
Metonymy
Backformation
29. Describing the facts - Tries to determine why people use language the way they do - seeks to find the rules that govern spoken language
Particle hopping
Competence
Descriptive
Negation
30. Associations that an individual/small group may develop through everyday experiences (inside joke)
Individual/Restricted connotation
Collocative connotation
Illocutionary Act
Backformation
31. A transformation in which you add a negation word to the sentence
Borrowing
Metaphor
Negation
Three types of articulations
32. Deals with how the sounds are organized
Four processes by which we produce sound
Maxim of quality
Calque
Phonology
33. The word that connects the meaning and the referent
Transformations
Derivational morpheme
Presupposition
Sign
34. Aspects of meaning having to do with feelings or attitudes of speakers (liberal - terrorist)
Affective connotation
Semantic features
Morphology
Implicature
35. Combined phonemes - the smallest unit of language with a distinct meaning
Homonyms
Morpheme
Maxim of quality
International Phonetic Alphabet
36. The set of sentences that must be true for the sentence to be true
Acronyms
Context
Presupposition
Infix
37. The science that studies language
Truth value
Linguistics
Particle hopping
Morphology
38. Adding derivational morphemes to create new words (to fax)
Minimal pair
Derivation
Synchronic
Four processes by which we produce sound
39. Required by syntax - mark grammatical categories (plurality - tense - comparative - etc) suffixes only
Linguistics
Inflectional morpheme
Minimal pair
Homonyms
40. The sequence of sounds that make up a word
Metonymy
Signifier
Maxim of Quantity
Meaning
41. What can be deduced from the sentence's literal meaning
Denotation
Dative Movement
Meaning
Inference
42. Core meaning - corresponds to a sign's sense or intension - the literal meaning of a word
Context
Deixis
Descriptive
Denotation
43. Having more than one meaning (polysemy)
Ambiguity
Blends
Maxim of quality
Archaism
44. The property of the surface structure of the text to 'hold together'
Cohesion
Prefix
Deixis
Inflectional morpheme
45. How sentences and texts are used in the world(context)
Locutionary Act
Pragmatics
Bound morphemes
Suffix
46. Shortening a longer word (phone - auto) to create new words
Connotation
Maxim of Manner
Locutionary Act
Clipping
47. Two linked turns by different speakers which make sense only taken together (How are you? Fine. How about you?)
Idioms
Inference
Adjacency Pair
Particle hopping
48. The meaning derived from flouting
Sign
Implicature
Linguistics
Archaism
49. Aspects of meaning having to do with different levels of formality
Prescriptive
Social connotation
Question
Acronyms
50. The situation in which a sentence is uttered
Context
Transformations
Polyglot
Reflected connotation