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Test your basic knowledge |
Mass Communications
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A model stating that effects are limited by individual differences and other factors
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Limited Effects Model
Gannett and McClatchy
Still photography 1839
2. Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein uncovered the __________ scandal and forced President _________ to resign
Watergate Nixon
TV
Samuel Morse 1844
Oligopoly
3. A program that is more specialized to a specific demographic
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Federalist Papers
Reinforcement Theory
Narrowcasting
4. Typically weekly - free papers emphasizing events listing - local arts advertising - and 'eccentric' personal classified ads—attract young people
Limited Effects Model
Reinforcement Theory
Alternative Press
Rating
5. Part of a survey. More then just a one word answer needed. No yes or no questions
Share
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Open-Ended questions
Mainstreaming
6. ___________ published Publick Occurences in __________
Vertical monopoly
Benjamin Harris 1690
Globalization
Communication
7. The two (in order) largest newspaper chains (USA Today is owned by one)
Preview Audiences
Thomas Edison 1877
NY Times
Gannett and McClatchy
8. __________came up with the basic model of mass communication
Hypercommercialism
Secondary research
Blogs
Wilbur Schramm
9. Is more credible seeming then newspapers (2 to 1 ratio)
Hard news
Population
TV
Saturation Stage
10. Name of the guy Hearst send to Cuba
Magic Bullet Theory
Remington
TV watching
Summer
11. _____________ invented the telegraph in ____________ ('What hath God wrought')
Stimulation theory
Bias
Telegraph
Samuel Morse 1844
12. A model stating that media has a very direct and universal impact (effect)
Administrative research
Powerful Effects Model
Delay
Agenda-Setting Effect
13. Died recently - wrote The Catcher in the Rye
Arbitron
Experiment
J.D. Salinger
Still photography 1839
14. The ______ is the source in which the message passes through (example: book - TV channel)
Product Placement
Telegraph
Interpreter
Newsreel
15. A media effects research study about the impact of movies on children's behavior was called the ________ conducted in ______.
Passive Peoplemeter
Albert Bandura
Payne Fund Studies 1929
Nellie Bly
16. Writes on a particular area of interest (crime - sports - etc)
small town papers
Movie usage
Beat Reporters
The New York Sun
17. Write on specific subject on particular schedule
TV watching
Columnists
Payne Fund Studies 1929
Penny Press
18. Has the most TV audience
Jukebox
Oligopoly
Winter
Two Step Flow
19. Conducted the Bobo doll experiment - where the children who had watched violence beat the bobo doll up - and the children who did not watch the violence did not.
Empirical research
Oligopoly
Albert Bandura
Yellow Journalism
20. Single company owns every aspect of business (i.e. production - distribution - etc)
Late Majority
Muckrakers
Vertical monopoly
Samuel Morse 1844
21. Real-life setting - better - but more expensive
Selective Perception
Field experiments
Federalist Papers
Powerful Effects Model
22. Theory that there are multiple opinion leaders that shaper our viewpoints
60% More violent
Orson Wells 1938
Multi-Step Flow theory
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
23. Always greater then the rating number
Survey
Radio usage
News Corp.
Share Number
24. In social cognitive theory - a special form of imitation by which observers do not exactly copy what they have seen but make a more generalized but related response
Alexander Graham Bell 1876
Identification
Nellie Bly
Vertical monopoly
25. Regularly updated online journals that comment on just about everything
Primary Research
Critical research
Wire Services
Blogs
26. Famous radio broadcast proving limited effects theories
War of the Worlds
War
Publick Occurences
Stimulation theory
27. The sets in use for that media market. Example: Percentage of all the people currently watching TV.
Dissonance Theory
Federalist Papers
Diurnals
Share
28. Theory that media users seek out messages that agree with their existing views (avoiding discomfort)
Cultivation Theory
GE/NBC-Universal
Technological determinism
Dissonance Theory
29. The ability to effectively and efficiently comprehend and use any form of mediated communication
Media literacy
60% More violent
Orson Wells 1938
3 hours a day
30. If the media covers terrorist attacks - it leads to more terrorist attacks
Contagion effect
Columnists
5%
Viacom/CBS
31. Collection of data that can be characterized and counted in a way. Type of empirical research
Content Analysis
Stimulation theory
Narrowcasting
A. C. Nielson Co
32. A proportion taken to represent the population
Paul Lazarsfield
Sample
Two Step Flow
Clear Channel
33. A relaxation of ownership that allows other companies (broadcast) to own the newspaper and support it
Delay
Viacom/CBS
Joint Operating Agreements (JOAs)
Horizontal monopoly
34. Anything that interferes with or alters the message
Narrowcasting
Citizen Kane 1941
Noise
TV
35. Sole owner of News Corp.
Media literacy
A. C. Nielson Co
Rupert Murdoch
Selective Retention
36. Heavy TV viewers apply TV to real life. Give the TV answer rather then the real answer
Cultivation Analysis
Media literacy
A. C. Nielson Co
Mixed Effects Model
37. ABC - ESPN - Pixar - amusement parks - Muppets - Marvel--conglomerate
Zoned editions
Disney
Late Majority
Still photography 1839
38. Theory that we primarily use mass media to check what we already believe
Wire Services
Late Majority
5%
Reinforcement Theory
39. Records what the TV set was currently set on
60% More violent
Clear Channel
Vertical monopoly
Audimeter
40. Selection Theory: only expose ourselves to those that we will agree with already
Saturation Stage
Economy
Telecommunications Act of 1996
Selective exposure
41. When one culture forces or pushes their culture on another
Laggards
Selective exposure
Cultural Hegemony
Field experiments
42. Average household has a TV set on...
7 hours a day
Alternative Press
Qualitative research
Selective Retention
43. The percentage of the entire population in that media market
Muckrakers
Rating
Qualitative research
The New York Sun
44. The TV world is __________________ then the real world
Share Number
Marshal McLuhan
60% More violent
John Peter Zenger New York Weekly
45. The ______ sends the message
Bias
Federalist Papers
Rupert Murdoch
Encoder
46. Selection Theory: selective about what you remember
Radio usage
Encoder
Selective Retention
Albert Bandura
47. People that will buy news technologies first
Agenda Setting
Cultural Hegemony
cartoons
Innovators/Early Adaptors
48. Aggregators of news (Associated Press 1900 - New York Associated Press 1848 - Reuters 1851)
War
Convergence
Wire Services
Print media usage
49. Second biggest attention topic in news
Global village
Johannes Gutenberg 1456
NY Times
Economy
50. Artificial setting - easier and less expensive - but not as accurate in results
Federalist Papers
small town papers
Alternative Press
Lab experiments