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Mass Communications
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Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If the media covers terrorist attacks - it leads to more terrorist attacks
Contagion effect
Cable a' la Carte
Watergate Nixon
Communication
2. A model stating that effects are limited by individual differences and other factors
Summer
Uses and Gratification
Limited Effects Model
Comcast
3. Single company owns every aspect of business (i.e. production - distribution - etc)
Selective Perception
War of the Worlds
Vertical monopoly
Convergence
4. The first major daily
Citizen Kane 1941
Alternative Press
The New York Sun
Catharsis
5. Records what the TV set was currently set on
Arbitron
Early Window
Audimeter
Audience - visual - economic - political - gatekeepers
6. Sole owner of Viacom/CBS
Sumner Redstone
Agenda Setting
Orson Wells 1938
Lab experiments
7. Very sensationalistic journalism
Albert Bandura
Citizen Kane 1941
Yellow Journalism
Integrated audience reach
8. Everyone in the household has a numbered meter. They use this meter to see how many individual people are watching each show. This replaced the audimeter.
Administrative research
Culture
Peoplemeter
Benjamin Harris 1690
9. When a story has been heard by more then 50% of the US population. Most stories do not make it this far
Mainstreaming
Telegraph
Saturation Stage
Late Majority
10. Term given to a cable subscription where you only pay for those channels you want instead of bundled channels
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11. Collection of data that can be characterized and counted in a way. Type of empirical research
Gannett and McClatchy
Dissident Press
Gatekeepers
Content Analysis
12. Paramount - Blockbuster - MTV - billboards - CBS--conglomerate
Viacom/CBS
Catharsis theory
Share Number
Stimulation theory
13. The Nation's largest metropolitan daily
Experiment
The New York Times
Narrowcasting
John Peter Zenger New York Weekly
14. Movie written - directed and starring Orson Wells about W.R. Hearst--revolutionized movies
Uses and Gratification
Benjamin Day 1833
Close-ended questions
Citizen Kane 1941
15. Selection Theory: selective about what you remember
Selective Retention
Selective exposure
Gannett and McClatchy
Pulitzer Prize
16. Real-life setting - better - but more expensive
Field experiments
Oligopoly
Samuel Morse 1844
TV watching
17. Artificial setting - easier and less expensive - but not as accurate in results
Interpreter
Contagion effect
Lab experiments
Early Window
18. Theory stating that media defines the world for us (over-arching theory)
Two-Step Flow theory
Cultivation Theory
Early Majority
Interpreter
19. Peeks in mid 20's
Movie usage
The New York Sun
Economy
60% More violent
20. Better type of research. Shows causality. Two types of research are done 1. lab - 2. field
Catharsis theory
Selective Retention
Experiment
Alternative Press
21. Around the World in 72 days--stunt journalist
War of the Worlds
Sumner Redstone
Convergence
Nellie Bly
22. A media effects research study about the impact of movies on children's behavior was called the ________ conducted in ______.
Powerful Effects Model
Telecommunications Act of 1996
Payne Fund Studies 1929
Joseph Pulitzer
23. Write on specific subject on particular schedule
Encoder
Columnists
Secondary research
Powerful Effects Model
24. Recently announced that it would charge for frequent access to website (newspaper)
Blogs
Columnists
Winter
NY Times
25. People that continue to hold out on technologies
Watergate Nixon
Early Majority
Laggards
Citizen Journalists
26. Theory that a opinion can be transferred from ONE opinion leader to opinion followers (Oprah)
Two-Step Flow theory
Contagion effect
Samuel Morse 1844
Clear Channel
27. Rare - expensive - long. keeps up with the research subjects to see long-term effects of stimuli
Catharsis theory
Panel Study
Share
Cultural Hegemony
28. Letters to the editor - non-scientific
Time Warner
Selective exposure
Viacom/CBS
Audience Generated Feedback
29. The idea that viewers become more accepting of real-world violence because of its constant presence in television fare
Desensitization
Clear Channel
Late Majority
Viacom/CBS
30. Ownership of media companies by multinational corporations
Beat Reporters
Audimeter
Globalization
Publick Occurences
31. Direct - immediate causes and effects research
Burning Tank Theory
Administrative research
Cultural Hegemony
Muckrakers
32. Getting information by word of mouth.
War of the Worlds
Two Step Flow
Cultivation Analysis
Pulitzer Prize
33. ABC - ESPN - Pixar - amusement parks - Muppets - Marvel--conglomerate
Benjamin Day 1833
Disney
Blogs
Population
34. Theory that media users seek out messages that agree with their existing views (avoiding discomfort)
Dissonance Theory
Cable a' la Carte
Product Placement
News Corp.
35. The biggest owner of radio stations (Dixie Chick controversy)
Audience Generated Feedback
Wilbur Schramm
Clear Channel
TV
36. Is more credible seeming then newspapers (2 to 1 ratio)
Soft news
Audience - visual - economic - political - gatekeepers
TV
Penny Press
37. These papers are still doing good despite the rapid circulation of newspapers
Agenda-Setting Effect
NY Times
Selective Retention
small town papers
38. Rating system based winning the first 5 minutes of each segment (two segments per half hour).. Used for entertainment TV and for newscasts. Does sweep periods in Feb - July - May - and Nov. July is least important.
A. C. Nielson Co
Saturation Stage
Cultivation Analysis
GE/NBC-Universal
39. Get lots of info in little time - but you don't know why people answer the way they do. Can be unfair
Reinforcement Theory
Media literacy
Close-ended questions
Selective Perception
40. Theory that we primarily use mass media to check what we already believe
Primary Research
Hypercommercialism
Reinforcement Theory
Decoder
41. Media pays more attention to this type of feedback. Consists of circulation figures - example: Arbitron Diary
Media Originated Feedback
Cultivation Analysis
Share Number
Early Window
42. The integration - for a fee - of specific branded products into media content (Coke and American Idol - Sears and Extreme Makeover-HE - Macy's in Desperate Housewives)
Product Placement
Content Analysis
7 hours a day
Comcast
43. Owning several types of related businesses across the board
Penny Press
Still photography 1839
Hard news
Horizontal monopoly
44. Heavy TV viewers apply TV to real life. Give the TV answer rather then the real answer
The New York Times
Cultivation Analysis
Powerful Effects Model
Watergate Nixon
45. The TV world is __________________ then the real world
60% More violent
Joint Operating Agreements (JOAs)
cartoons
Clear Channel
46. A powerful effects model using the analogy of firing something through society for a direct hit
Early Window
Laggards
Magic Bullet Theory
Wire Services
47. A proportion taken to represent the population
Sample
Summer
Dissident Press
Convergence
48. _____________ invented the telegraph in ____________ ('What hath God wrought')
Arbitron
Late Majority
Samuel Morse 1844
Decoder
49. This relaxed government restrictions on media ownership
Dissonance Theory
Newsreel
Telecommunications Act of 1996
Rupert Murdoch
50. Sensational stories that do not serve the democratic function of journalism
3 hours a day
Soft news
War of the Worlds
Telecommunications Act of 1996
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