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Test your basic knowledge |
Mass Communications
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The opinion stage to observable research
Empirical research
Wilbur Schramm
William Randolph Hearst
Interpreter
2. Rare - expensive - long. keeps up with the research subjects to see long-term effects of stimuli
Telecommunications Act of 1996
Encoder
Panel Study
Share Number
3. 'The medium is the message'
Summer
John Peter Zenger New York Weekly
Marshal McLuhan
News Corp.
4. Sole owner of Viacom/CBS
Gannett and McClatchy
Joseph Pulitzer
Telegraph
Sumner Redstone
5. Stories that help citizens to make intelligent decisions and keep up with important issues of the day
Empirical research
Hypercommercialism
Stimulation theory
Hard news
6. Age correlates with each medium
Disney
Cultural Hegemony
Paul Lazarsfield
Fact about the usage of the media
7. A model stating that media has a very direct and universal impact (effect)
Catharsis
Remington
Powerful Effects Model
Field experiments
8. For radio. Tells how many and what types of people are listening to each program. Takes a list of random phone numbers and calls them to participate in their diary survey. Each participant get a diary and is asked to keep a record of what they listen
Arbitron
Wire Services
Content Analysis
Rupert Murdoch
9. _____________ invented the telegraph in ____________ ('What hath God wrought')
Samuel Morse 1844
Yellow Journalism
Mainstreaming
Laggards
10. Recently announced that it would charge for frequent access to website (newspaper)
NY Times
Feedback
Arbitron
Communication
11. Media makes the world smaller (technology)--called _____________ ____________
Early Majority
The New York Sun
Global village
Mixed Effects Model
12. Journalists who use things like Twitter to get info out fast - but they are not professional
7 hours a day
Citizen Journalists
Audience Generated Feedback
Wilbur Schramm
13. A model stating that media can effect some people - but not others (not everyone)
Joseph Pulitzer
Mixed Effects Model
Yellow Journalism
Preview Audiences
14. Peeks in mid 20's
7 hours a day
TV
Close-ended questions
Movie usage
15. First American Newspaper
Publick Occurences
Agenda Setting
Desensitization
Contagion effect
16. A relaxation of ownership that allows other companies (broadcast) to own the newspaper and support it
Audience - visual - economic - political - gatekeepers
Joint Operating Agreements (JOAs)
Encoder
William Randolph Hearst
17. In social cognitive theory - a special form of imitation by which observers do not exactly copy what they have seen but make a more generalized but related response
Movie usage
Identification
Viacom/CBS
Qualitative research
18. Greek idea that viewing violence allows you to release your violent feelings without causing any harm to anyone
Catharsis theory
Watergate Nixon
Narrowcasting
Joseph Pulitzer
19. Is more credible seeming then newspapers (2 to 1 ratio)
NY Times
Culture
TV
GE/NBC-Universal
20. Story order emphasis that eventually shapes our world views and values of importance
Zoned editions
Agenda Setting
Columnists
Primary Research
21. Margin of error in polls
5%
Limited Effects Model
Diurnals
TV
22. Letters to the editor - non-scientific
Audience Generated Feedback
Albert Bandura
Marshal McLuhan
Gannett and McClatchy
23. Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein uncovered the __________ scandal and forced President _________ to resign
Diurnals
Watergate Nixon
Catharsis theory
Oligopoly
24. This host demonstrated cultural imperialism in campaigning for the Finland President
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25. Everyone in the household has a numbered meter. They use this meter to see how many individual people are watching each show. This replaced the audimeter.
William Randolph Hearst
Peoplemeter
News Hole
Newsreel
26. The first major daily
Cultivation Theory
Amazon and MacMillan Publishing
Multi-Step Flow theory
The New York Sun
27. Aggregators of news (Associated Press 1900 - New York Associated Press 1848 - Reuters 1851)
Wire Services
Panel Study
Yellow Journalism
John Peter Zenger New York Weekly
28. The Nation's largest metropolitan daily
The New York Times
Mainstreaming
Winter
Paul Lazarsfield
29. Has the fewest TV viewers
Summer
Primary Research
Interpreter
Vertical monopoly
30. Weekly news packages in theaters
Newsreel
Diurnals
Secondary research
Powerful Effects Model
31. A concentration of media industries into an ever smaller number of companies
5%
Early Majority
Oligopoly
Nellie Bly
32. Research has already been done for you - you just collect it and put it into your paper
Secondary research
TV watching
Gannett and McClatchy
Identification
33. Peeks in mid 60's
Gannett and McClatchy
Cable a' la Carte
TV watching
News Hole
34. Awarded every April since 1917 for excellence
Gatekeepers
Selective Perception
Watergate Nixon
Pulitzer Prize
35. Died recently - wrote The Catcher in the Rye
Magic Bullet Theory
Audience Generated Feedback
J.D. Salinger
Federalist Papers
36. Scientific research
Empirical research
Paul Lazarsfield
Selective Retention
Clear Channel
37. Conducted the Bobo doll experiment - where the children who had watched violence beat the bobo doll up - and the children who did not watch the violence did not.
Albert Bandura
John Peter Zenger New York Weekly
Passive Peoplemeter
Noise
38. The two (in order) largest newspaper chains (USA Today is owned by one)
Gannett and McClatchy
Wire Services
Powerful Effects Model
Arbitron
39. Control the flow of ideas and information--decide what messages reach the public (i.e. owners - editors)
Thomas Edison 1877
GE/NBC-Universal
Gatekeepers
Muckrakers
40. GE - NBC - Telemundo - Universal--conglomerate (started as RCA)
Federalist Papers
GE/NBC-Universal
Economy
Empirical research
41. Has the most TV audience
Newsreel
Citizen Journalists
Winter
TV
42. Very sensationalistic journalism
William Randolph Hearst
John Peter Zenger New York Weekly
Remington
Yellow Journalism
43. Rating system based winning the first 5 minutes of each segment (two segments per half hour).. Used for entertainment TV and for newscasts. Does sweep periods in Feb - July - May - and Nov. July is least important.
Audience Generated Feedback
Selective exposure
Narrowcasting
A. C. Nielson Co
44. Research that examines larger cultural effects
Critical research
Stimulation theory
Media Originated Feedback
Wire Services
45. Media pays more attention to this type of feedback. Consists of circulation figures - example: Arbitron Diary
Media Originated Feedback
Close-ended questions
Nellie Bly
Joseph Pulitzer
46. Direct - immediate causes and effects research
Two-Step Flow theory
Samuel Morse 1844
Administrative research
Economy
47. People that will buy news technologies first
Identification
Innovators/Early Adaptors
NY Times
Remington
48. The biggest owner of radio stations (Dixie Chick controversy)
Clear Channel
Arbitron
Benjamin Day 1833
Audience Generated Feedback
49. The ______ is the receiver of the message
Share Number
Gannett and McClatchy
Decoder
Paul Lazarsfield
50. Intellectual questioning about culture and its effect--leads to cultural theory
5%
Content Analysis
Qualitative research
Benjamin Harris 1690