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Test your basic knowledge |
Mass Communications
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Peeks in mid 60's
TV watching
Orson Wells 1938
Alternative Press
Arbitron
2. Set of values and shared beliefs
Communication
Culture
Arbitron
Critical research
3. _____________ invented the telephone in _____________
Oligopoly
Secondary research
Johannes Gutenberg 1456
Alexander Graham Bell 1876
4. 1960s-studies on the effects of violence on children had them watch violent _______ and then study their behavior
Audimeter
Narrowcasting
cartoons
Open-Ended questions
5. Rating system based winning the first 5 minutes of each segment (two segments per half hour).. Used for entertainment TV and for newscasts. Does sweep periods in Feb - July - May - and Nov. July is least important.
Secondary research
Experiment
A. C. Nielson Co
Rating
6. Investigative journalists that exposed corruption
Muckrakers
Burning Tank Theory
Empirical research
Disney
7. Provide feedback for movies
Cultural Hegemony
Thomas Edison 1877
Preview Audiences
Powerful Effects Model
8. Anything that interferes with or alters the message
Noise
Passive Peoplemeter
small town papers
Penny Press
9. The TV world is __________________ then the real world
60% More violent
Alexander Graham Bell 1876
A. C. Nielson Co
Peoplemeter
10. Research has already been done for you - you just collect it and put it into your paper
Encoder
Secondary research
Remington
John Peter Zenger New York Weekly
11. Term given to a cable subscription where you only pay for those channels you want instead of bundled channels
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12. Selection Theory: only expose ourselves to those that we will agree with already
Technological determinism
Cultivation Theory
Selective exposure
Conan O'Brian
13. Huge publisher who rivaled Pulitzer; said to have had something to do with the Spanish-American War
Innovators/Early Adaptors
William Randolph Hearst
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Cultivation Theory
14. The ______ is the receiver of the message
Noise
Cable a' la Carte
Integrated audience reach
Decoder
15. Stories that help citizens to make intelligent decisions and keep up with important issues of the day
Reinforcement Theory
Hard news
Yellow Journalism
Print media usage
16. __________ - time and space - ________ components - social acceptability - _________ issues - behavior of other gatekeepers - noise - and __________ viewpoints influence the decisions of ___________ (separate by commas)
Newsreel
J.D. Salinger
Audience - visual - economic - political - gatekeepers
Dissonance Theory
17. Does not establish causality. Covers what the majority thinks. All perception
Survey
Close-ended questions
Rating
Sample
18. _____________ created the New York Sun in __________
Watergate Nixon
Benjamin Day 1833
Catharsis theory
Secondary research
19. Always greater then the rating number
The New York Times
Empirical research
Share Number
Muckrakers
20. When a story has been heard by more then 50% of the US population. Most stories do not make it this far
Benjamin Day 1833
Selective Retention
Magic Bullet Theory
Saturation Stage
21. True frontrunners of our daily newspaper (local news on news sheets
Innovators/Early Adaptors
Communication
Diurnals
Mixed Effects Model
22. The percentage of the entire population in that media market
Rating
Culture
John Peter Zenger New York Weekly
Critical research
23. Scientific research
Empirical research
Hard news
Print media usage
Product Placement
24. For radio. Tells how many and what types of people are listening to each program. Takes a list of random phone numbers and calls them to participate in their diary survey. Each participant get a diary and is asked to keep a record of what they listen
The New York Times
Lab experiments
Early Window
Arbitron
25. In social cognitive theory - a special form of imitation by which observers do not exactly copy what they have seen but make a more generalized but related response
Contagion effect
3 hours a day
Two-Step Flow theory
Identification
26. Stragglers to buying technology
Thomas Edison 1877
Late Majority
Cultivation Theory
Zoned editions
27. Personal noise inserted and pushed in journalism
Identification
Bias
Viacom/CBS
Joseph Pulitzer
28. Theory that watching mediated violence reduces people's inclination to behave aggressively
Field experiments
Panel Study
Catharsis
Uses and Gratification
29. If the media covers terrorist attacks - it leads to more terrorist attacks
Narrowcasting
Uses and Gratification
Contagion effect
Selective Perception
30. Theory that a opinion can be transferred from ONE opinion leader to opinion followers (Oprah)
small town papers
Two-Step Flow theory
Laggards
Hypercommercialism
31. A relaxation of ownership that allows other companies (broadcast) to own the newspaper and support it
Innovators/Early Adaptors
Audience - visual - economic - political - gatekeepers
Stimulation theory
Joint Operating Agreements (JOAs)
32. Heavy TV viewers apply TV to real life. Give the TV answer rather then the real answer
Cultivation Analysis
Late Majority
A. C. Nielson Co
Innovators/Early Adaptors
33. Letters to the editor - non-scientific
Multi-Step Flow theory
Two-Step Flow theory
Audience Generated Feedback
Arbitron
34. Everyone in the household has a numbered meter. They use this meter to see how many individual people are watching each show. This replaced the audimeter.
War
Uses and Gratification
Time Warner
Peoplemeter
35. The first major daily
Time Warner
Benjamin Day 1833
Passive Peoplemeter
The New York Sun
36. A model stating that effects are limited by individual differences and other factors
Limited Effects Model
Vertical monopoly
Clear Channel
Horizontal monopoly
37. Awarded every April since 1917 for excellence
Communication
Empirical research
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Pulitzer Prize
38. Father of Social Science Research
Bias
Paul Lazarsfield
Desensitization
Global village
39. Suburban or regional versions of a metropolitan paper
Decoder
Wire Services
Zoned editions
Narrowcasting
40. The opinion stage to observable research
Catharsis
Economy
Open-Ended questions
Empirical research
41. Get lots of info in little time - but you don't know why people answer the way they do. Can be unfair
Print media usage
Close-ended questions
Diurnals
Critical research
42. Collection of data that can be characterized and counted in a way. Type of empirical research
Telegraph
Content Analysis
Disney
Newsreel
43. __________came up with the basic model of mass communication
Wilbur Schramm
Communication
Multi-Step Flow theory
Watergate Nixon
44. ABC - ESPN - Pixar - amusement parks - Muppets - Marvel--conglomerate
Cable a' la Carte
Disney
Still photography 1839
Newspaper Hierarchy
45. Died recently - wrote The Catcher in the Rye
Noise
Reinforcement Theory
Integrated audience reach
J.D. Salinger
46. Selection Theory: selective about what you remember
Reinforcement Theory
TV
Selective Retention
Print media usage
47. First American Newspaper
Publick Occurences
Radio usage
Wilbur Schramm
5%
48. The sets in use for that media market. Example: Percentage of all the people currently watching TV.
Dissonance Theory
Share
Reinforcement Theory
Print media usage
49. The ______ sends the message
Encoder
Benjamin Harris 1690
Oligopoly
Reinforcement Theory
50. Sole owner of Viacom/CBS
Two-Step Flow theory
Sumner Redstone
Early Window
Uses and Gratification