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Test your basic knowledge |
Mass Communications
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If the media covers terrorist attacks - it leads to more terrorist attacks
Limited Effects Model
News Diffusion
Product Placement
Contagion effect
2. The integration - for a fee - of specific branded products into media content (Coke and American Idol - Sears and Extreme Makeover-HE - Macy's in Desperate Housewives)
Culture
TV
Uses and Gratification
Product Placement
3. Theory that we only pick media that we will find gratifying
Share Number
Audimeter
Uses and Gratification
Citizen Journalists
4. Media determines what kind of topics are brought up. The people think the things that the media covers the most are the most important.
Passive Peoplemeter
Late Majority
Agenda-Setting Effect
Joseph Pulitzer
5. Media makes the world smaller (technology)--called _____________ ____________
Watergate Nixon
Sumner Redstone
Global village
Primary Research
6. Where you get your information from first (radio typically). Two parts are the saturation stage and the two step flow
News Diffusion
Close-ended questions
Remington
Feedback
7. Term given to a cable subscription where you only pay for those channels you want instead of bundled channels
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8. __________came up with the basic model of mass communication
Alternative Press
Survey
Wilbur Schramm
Open-Ended questions
9. Theory that a opinion can be transferred from ONE opinion leader to opinion followers (Oprah)
GE/NBC-Universal
Two-Step Flow theory
Winter
Agenda Setting
10. Aggregators of news (Associated Press 1900 - New York Associated Press 1848 - Reuters 1851)
Wire Services
Agenda-Setting Effect
Two-Step Flow theory
Publick Occurences
11. Sole owner of News Corp.
Rupert Murdoch
Joseph Pulitzer
3 hours a day
Contagion effect
12. ___________ invented the printing press in __________
Reinforcement Theory
Johannes Gutenberg 1456
Hypercommercialism
Citizen Kane 1941
13. Viewing violence causes anti-social behavior among some children
Desensitization
Share
Stimulation theory
Cultivation Theory
14. Yellow journalist - St. Louis Post Dispatch - early advocate of journalism schools
Burning Tank Theory
Preview Audiences
Selective Retention
Joseph Pulitzer
15. A model stating that media can effect some people - but not others (not everyone)
Soft news
Mixed Effects Model
Feedback
Oligopoly
16. The TV world is __________________ then the real world
Comcast
Beat Reporters
60% More violent
5%
17. Getting information by word of mouth.
Johannes Gutenberg 1456
Gannett and McClatchy
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Two Step Flow
18. Always greater then the rating number
Share Number
Mainstreaming
Newsreel
Federalist Papers
19. The first major daily
The New York Sun
Technological determinism
News Corp.
Horizontal monopoly
20. Entry-level job - don't know what you will write
Payne Fund Studies 1929
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Citizen Kane 1941
News Hole
21. Research has already been done for you - you just collect it and put it into your paper
The New York Times
Newspaper Hierarchy
Secondary research
Globalization
22. Movie written - directed and starring Orson Wells about W.R. Hearst--revolutionized movies
Content Analysis
Mainstreaming
Hard news
Citizen Kane 1941
23. __________ - time and space - ________ components - social acceptability - _________ issues - behavior of other gatekeepers - noise - and __________ viewpoints influence the decisions of ___________ (separate by commas)
Clear Channel
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Audience - visual - economic - political - gatekeepers
Comcast
24. Huge publisher who rivaled Pulitzer; said to have had something to do with the Spanish-American War
William Randolph Hearst
Two Step Flow
Cultural Hegemony
Powerful Effects Model
25. Peeks in mid 60's
Imitation
TV watching
A. C. Nielson Co
Early Window
26. Anything that interferes with or alters the message
Audience Generated Feedback
Time Warner
Gannett and McClatchy
Noise
27. Suburban or regional versions of a metropolitan paper
Bias
Viacom/CBS
Zoned editions
News Diffusion
28. In social cognitive theory - a special form of imitation by which observers do not exactly copy what they have seen but make a more generalized but related response
Muckrakers
Dissonance Theory
Identification
War of the Worlds
29. _____________ invented the telegraph in ____________ ('What hath God wrought')
Late Majority
Cultural Hegemony
Joint Operating Agreements (JOAs)
Samuel Morse 1844
30. Selection Theory: selective about what we ACTUALLY listen to
Panel Study
Selective Perception
Preview Audiences
Mainstreaming
31. Where old and new media collide--media across multiple platforms
Convergence
Sample
Citizen Kane 1941
Cultural Hegemony
32. Television's ability to move people toward a common understanding of how things are
Sample
Sumner Redstone
Narrowcasting
Mainstreaming
33. Has the fewest TV viewers
Summer
Feedback
Marshal McLuhan
Sample
34. Records what the TV set was currently set on
Close-ended questions
Interpreter
Marshal McLuhan
Audimeter
35. Selection Theory: only expose ourselves to those that we will agree with already
Selective exposure
Amazon and MacMillan Publishing
General Assignment Reporters (GAs)
Paul Lazarsfield
36. People that continue to hold out on technologies
Laggards
Primary Research
Hard news
Limited Effects Model
37. Direct - immediate causes and effects research
Administrative research
Cable a' la Carte
TV watching
Dissonance Theory
38. Rare - expensive - long. keeps up with the research subjects to see long-term effects of stimuli
Preview Audiences
Panel Study
TV watching
Agenda Setting
39. Owning several types of related businesses across the board
TV
Open-Ended questions
NY Times
Horizontal monopoly
40. Selection Theory: selective about what you remember
Bias
Selective Retention
Nellie Bly
Limited Effects Model
41. Single company owns every aspect of business (i.e. production - distribution - etc)
Vertical monopoly
Uses and Gratification
Albert Bandura
Benjamin Harris 1690
42. Famous radio broadcast proving limited effects theories
Dissident Press
Selective Perception
Movie usage
War of the Worlds
43. Average American spends _________________________ listening to the radio
Integrated audience reach
5%
3 hours a day
Communication
44. A proportion taken to represent the population
Saturation Stage
Two Step Flow
Selective Perception
Sample
45. Theory that media users seek out messages that agree with their existing views (avoiding discomfort)
Delay
Dissonance Theory
Audimeter
William Randolph Hearst
46. Letters to the editor - non-scientific
Audience Generated Feedback
Publick Occurences
Alexander Graham Bell 1876
Experiment
47. Margin of error in polls
5%
Marshal McLuhan
Decoder
Pulitzer Prize
48. Recently announced that it would charge for frequent access to website (newspaper)
NY Times
Catharsis theory
J.D. Salinger
Passive Peoplemeter
49. For radio. Tells how many and what types of people are listening to each program. Takes a list of random phone numbers and calls them to participate in their diary survey. Each participant get a diary and is asked to keep a record of what they listen
Diurnals
Technological determinism
Arbitron
Field experiments
50. First American Newspaper
Publick Occurences
Integrated audience reach
Convergence
Field experiments