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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






2. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






3. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






4. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






5. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






6. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






7. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






8. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






9. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






10. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






11. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






12. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






13. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






14. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






15. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






16. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






17. Adenine and Guanine






18. The bond between two sugar molecules






19. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






20. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






21. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






22. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






23. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






24. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






25. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






26. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






27. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






28. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






29. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






30. Components of cytoskeleton






31. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






32. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






33. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






34. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






35. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






36. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






37. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






38. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






39. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






40. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






41. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






42. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






43. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






44. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






45. Two simple sugars joined together






46. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






47. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






48. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






49. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






50. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.