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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






2. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






3. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






4. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






5. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






6. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






7. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






8. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






9. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






10. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






11. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






12. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






13. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






14. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






15. The bond between two sugar molecules






16. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






17. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






18. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






19. Adenine and Guanine






20. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






21. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






22. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






23. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






24. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






25. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






26. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






27. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






28. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






29. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






30. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






31. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






32. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






33. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






34. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






35. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






36. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






37. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






38. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






39. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






40. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






41. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






42. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






43. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






44. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






45. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






46. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






47. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






48. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






49. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






50. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA