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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






2. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






3. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






4. Adenine and Guanine






5. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






6. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






7. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






8. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






9. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






10. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






11. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






12. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






13. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






14. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






15. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






16. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






17. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






18. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






19. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






20. The bond between two sugar molecules






21. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






22. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






23. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






24. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






25. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






26. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






27. Components of cytoskeleton






28. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






29. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






30. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






31. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






32. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






33. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






34. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






35. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






36. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






37. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






38. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






39. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






40. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






41. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






42. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






43. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






44. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






45. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






46. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






47. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






48. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






49. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






50. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains







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