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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






2. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






3. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






4. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






5. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






6. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






7. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






8. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






9. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






10. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






11. Adenine and Guanine






12. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






13. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






14. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






15. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






16. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






17. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






18. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






19. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






20. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






21. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






22. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






23. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






24. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






25. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






26. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






27. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






28. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






29. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






30. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






31. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






32. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






33. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






34. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






35. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






36. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






37. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






38. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






39. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






40. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






41. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






42. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






43. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






44. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






45. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






46. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






47. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






48. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






49. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






50. Most common atoms found in biological molecules