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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






2. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






3. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






4. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






5. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






6. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






7. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






8. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






9. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






10. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






11. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






12. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






13. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






14. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






15. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






16. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






17. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






18. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






19. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






20. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






21. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






22. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






23. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






24. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






25. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






26. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






27. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






28. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






29. Adenine and Guanine






30. The bond between two sugar molecules






31. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






32. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






33. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






34. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






35. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






36. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






37. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






38. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






39. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






40. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






41. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






42. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






43. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






44. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






45. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






46. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






47. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






48. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






49. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






50. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions







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