Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






2. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






3. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






4. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






5. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






6. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






7. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






8. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






9. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






10. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






11. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






12. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






13. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






14. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






15. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






16. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






17. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






18. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






19. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






20. Components of cytoskeleton






21. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






22. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






23. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






24. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






25. Two simple sugars joined together






26. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






27. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






28. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






29. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






30. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






31. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






32. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






33. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






34. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






35. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






36. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






37. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






38. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






39. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






40. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






41. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






42. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






43. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






44. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






45. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






46. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






47. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






48. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






49. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






50. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group