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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






2. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






3. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






4. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






5. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






6. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






7. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






8. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






9. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






10. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






11. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






12. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






13. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






14. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






15. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






16. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






17. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






18. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






19. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






20. Adenine and Guanine






21. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






22. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






23. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






24. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






25. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






26. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






27. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






28. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






29. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






30. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






31. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






32. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






33. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






34. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






35. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






36. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






37. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






38. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






39. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






40. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






41. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






42. The bond between two sugar molecules






43. Two simple sugars joined together






44. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






45. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






46. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






47. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






48. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






49. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






50. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior