SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Cyanobacteria
Disaccharide
Tight junctions
Chitin
2. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.
Cellulose
Centrosome
xtrusion
Cell Theory
3. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
xtrusion
Desmosomes
Plastids
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
4. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Functions or proteins
Domains
Nonpolar amino acids
Archaebacteria
5. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Dehydration synthesis
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Major categories of macromolecules
Complimentary bases
6. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures
Extracellular matrix
Domains
Special function amino acids
Chaperone proteins
7. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Alpha glucose ring
Fibronectin
Hydrocarbons
Pyrimidines (identify)
8. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Domains
Hemidesmosomes
Amino acid (composition)
Monosaccharide
9. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Hemidesmosomes
Spectrin
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Microtubules
10. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Cadherin
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Pyrimidines (identify)
Flagellum
11. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Beta barrel
Glycerol
Central vacuole
Cyanobacteria
12. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Dehydration synthesis
Anchoring junction
Miller - Urey experiment
Bacteria
13. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Flagellum
Differences between RNA and DNA
DNA (location)
Phospholipid (composition)
14. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Prostaglandin
Monosaccharide
Nucleotide (composition)
Charged amino acids
15. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst
Gap junction
5 classes of amino acids
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Denaturation
16. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane
Gap junction
DNA (location)
Primary cell wall
Hemidesmosomes
17. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH
First law of thermodynamics
Hydrolysis
Fat (composition)
Major categories of macromolecules
18. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Fatty acid
Cadherin
19. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Pinocytosis
Microtubules
Glycolipids
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
20. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Integrins
Central vacuole
Chitin
Charged amino acids
21. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
Polar uncharged amino acids
Fibronectin
Complimentary bases
5 classes of amino acids
22. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.
Quaternary level of protein structure
Integrins
Chitin
Motifs
23. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out
Chaperone proteins
Cenriole
Antiport
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
24. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Dehydration synthesis
Proteoglycans
Collagen
Aromatic amino acids
25. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Glycoproteins
Extreme thermophiles
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
26. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
Rossman fold
Cytoskeleton
Chitin
Microtubules
27. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.
DNA (location)
Collagen
Aromatic amino acids
Flagellum
28. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Plastids
Glycolipids
Primary level of protein structure
Fat (composition)
29. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support
Functions or proteins
Purines (identify)
Hydrolysis
Secondary cell wall
30. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Miller - Urey experiment
Purines (identify)
Fatty acid
Hydrocarbons
31. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Extreme halophiles
Beta glucose ring
Glycerol
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
32. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Middle lamella
Differences between RNA and DNA
5 classes of amino acids
33. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Archaebacteria
Phospholipid (composition)
Cyanobacteria
Glycoproteins
34. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi
Cenriole
Integrins
Special function amino acids
Hydrocarbons
35. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane
Flagellum
Fibronectin
Nucleolus
Chitin
36. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Beta barrel
Cenriole
Cytoplasm
Cyanobacteria
37. Components of cytoskeleton
Microtubules
Proteoglycans
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
38. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
Glycerol
Beta glucose ring
Pinocytosis
Glycogen
39. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport
Charged amino acids
Functions or proteins
Kinesin
Monosaccharide
40. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Cenriole
Nonpolar amino acids
Microtubules
Glycogen
41. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Denaturation
Rossman fold
Chaperone proteins
Proteoglycans
42. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Extreme thermophiles
Pinocytosis
Glycerol
5 classes of amino acids
43. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists
Glycerol
Clathrin
Secondary level of protein structure
Primary cell wall
44. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
Monosaccharide
Fibronectin
Motifs
xtrusion
45. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
Aromatic amino acids
Hypercholesterolemia
Nucleolus
Complimentary bases
46. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Extreme halophiles
xtrusion
Peptidoglycan
Collagen
47. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Domains
Steriod
Purines (characteristics)
48. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution
Monosaccharide
Desmosomes
Fatty acid
Purines (identify)
49. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Amylose
Spectrin
Cell Theory
50. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Phosphdiester bond
Nucleolus
Proteoglycans
xtrusion