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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






2. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






3. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






4. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






5. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






6. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






7. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






8. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






9. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






10. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






11. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






12. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






13. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






14. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






15. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






16. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






17. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






18. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






19. Adenine and Guanine






20. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






21. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






22. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






23. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






24. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






25. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






26. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






27. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






28. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






29. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






30. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






31. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






32. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






33. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






34. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






35. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






36. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






37. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






38. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






39. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






40. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






41. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






42. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






43. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






44. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






45. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






46. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






47. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






48. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






49. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






50. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group