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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






2. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






3. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






4. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






5. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






6. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






7. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






8. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






9. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






10. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






11. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






12. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






13. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






14. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






15. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






16. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






17. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






18. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






19. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






20. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






21. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






22. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






23. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






24. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






25. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






26. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






27. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






28. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






29. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






30. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






31. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






32. Two simple sugars joined together






33. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






34. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






35. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






36. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






37. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






38. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






39. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






40. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






41. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






42. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






43. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






44. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






45. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






46. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






47. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






48. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






49. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






50. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst