SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA
Primary level of protein structure
Cellulose
Cyanobacteria
First law of thermodynamics
2. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Countertransport
Fatty acid
Desmosomes
Extreme halophiles
3. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Aromatic amino acids
Hydrolysis
Motifs
Glycoproteins
4. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Charged amino acids
Hypercholesterolemia
Fat (composition)
5. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
Dehydration synthesis
Bacteriorhodopsin
Integrins
Cell Theory
6. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
Differences between RNA and DNA
Proteoglycans
DNA (location)
Starch
7. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
xtrusion
Collagen
Amylose
8. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Pinocytosis
Chromosome
Chaperone proteins
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
9. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Dynein
Amylopectin
Alpha glucose ring
Major categories of macromolecules
10. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Rossman fold
Aromatic amino acids
Archaebacteria
11. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport
Primary level of protein structure
Cyanobacteria
Kinesin
Hydrolysis
12. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Glycosidic bond
Nonpolar amino acids
DNA (location)
Countertransport
13. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Extracellular matrix
Major categories of macromolecules
Middle lamella
Miller - Urey experiment
14. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Plasmodesmata
Fibronectin
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Hydrocarbons
15. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Chromosome
Primary cell wall
Extreme halophiles
Archaebacteria
16. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
5 classes of amino acids
Plastids
Pinocytosis
Glycogen
17. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine
Starch
Complimentary bases
Polar uncharged amino acids
Centrosome
18. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean
C - H - O - N - S
DNA (location)
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Extreme thermophiles
19. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
Fat (composition)
Glycoproteins
Phosphdiester bond
ATP (composition)
20. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Domains
Cytoplasm
Kinesin
Alpha glucose ring
21. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
Glycolipids
C - H - O - N - S
Nucleolus
Intermediate filaments
22. Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Beta glucose ring
First law of thermodynamics
Phospholipid (composition)
Cell Theory
23. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Beta barrel
Nonpolar amino acids
Prostaglandin
xtrusion
24. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.
DNA (location)
Collagen
Intermediate filaments
Desmosomes
25. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Central vacuole
Plastids
Hydrolysis
Pinocytosis
26. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Cadherin
First law of thermodynamics
Polar uncharged amino acids
Monosaccharide
27. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Microtubules
Methanogens
Secondary cell wall
Antiport
28. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
Phosphdiester bond
Amino acid (composition)
Secondary level of protein structure
Extracellular matrix
29. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Nonpolar amino acids
Middle lamella
Bacteria
Secondary level of protein structure
30. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Special function amino acids
Denaturation
Nucleolus
Plasmodesmata
31. The bond between two sugar molecules
Beta glucose ring
Keratin
Integrins
Glycosidic bond
32. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
5 classes of amino acids
Nucleotide (composition)
Plasmodesmata
Cadherin
33. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein
Charged amino acids
Collagen
Chromosome
Countertransport
34. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Cadherin
Differences between RNA and DNA
Dehydration synthesis
Charged amino acids
35. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Hemidesmosomes
Desmosomes
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
36. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.
Flagellum
Cellulose
Cytoplasm
Purines (identify)
37. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.
Bacteriorhodopsin
Denaturation
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Charged amino acids
38. Adenine and Guanine
Purines (identify)
Glycolipids
DNA (location)
Bacteriorhodopsin
39. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
Chaperone proteins
Rossman fold
Peptidoglycan
Purines (characteristics)
40. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Chaperone proteins
Extracellular matrix
Special function amino acids
Keratin
41. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites
Chromosome
Rossman fold
Peptide bond
Flagellum
42. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane
Amino acid (composition)
Charged amino acids
Purines (characteristics)
Clathrin
43. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
Hypercholesterolemia
Motifs
Chaperone proteins
Centrosome
44. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine
Fibronectin
Steriod
Adherins junctions
Complimentary bases
45. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Tight junctions
Dehydration synthesis
Nucleotide (composition)
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
46. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium
Cytoplasm
Anchoring junction
Extracellular matrix
Amylose
47. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Cell Theory
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Peptide bond
48. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Quaternary level of protein structure
Steriod
49. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.
Dehydration synthesis
Chitin
Amylopectin
Secondary cell wall
50. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Phospholipid (composition)
Gram positive bacteria
Hydrocarbons
Primary level of protein structure