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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis
Hydrolysis
Glycerol
Bacteriorhodopsin
Archaebacteria
2. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Functions or proteins
Beta glucose ring
Cytoplasm
Starch
3. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Clathrin
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Fibronectin
Pyrimidines (identify)
4. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Cytoplasm
Extreme halophiles
Chaperone proteins
ATP (composition)
5. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Glycogen
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Dehydration synthesis
Spectrin
6. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.
Nonpolar amino acids
Quaternary level of protein structure
Gap junction
Denaturation
7. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.
Prokaryote
Purines (characteristics)
Phospholipid (composition)
Prostaglandin
8. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.
Steriod
Domains
Amylopectin
Rossman fold
9. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated
Fat (characteristics)
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Dehydration synthesis
Glycosidic bond
10. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves
Aromatic amino acids
Centrosome
Plastids
Beta glucose ring
11. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Fatty acid
Bacteriorhodopsin
Archaebacteria
Central vacuole
12. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Functions or proteins
Integrins
Gap junction
13. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Steriod
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Nucleolus
Proteoglycans
14. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Kinesin
xtrusion
Phosphdiester bond
15. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Cadherin
Glycoproteins
Collagen
First law of thermodynamics
16. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Cyanobacteria
Microtubules
Cytoplasm
Tertiaty level of protein structure
17. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Amylopectin
DNA (location)
Proteoglycans
Beta barrel
18. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Glycoproteins
Methanogens
Quaternary level of protein structure
Special function amino acids
19. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Special function amino acids
Hemidesmosomes
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Beta glucose ring
20. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)
Chromosome
Cyanobacteria
Countertransport
Prokaryote
21. The bond between two sugar molecules
Glycosidic bond
Starch
Proteoglycans
Extreme halophiles
22. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
Fat (characteristics)
Keratin
Hydrocarbons
Cytoskeleton
23. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
Dehydration synthesis
Nucleolus
Middle lamella
Fat (characteristics)
24. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.
Cellulose
Extreme thermophiles
Adherins junctions
Fatty acid
25. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites
Rossman fold
Major categories of macromolecules
Glycoproteins
Beta barrel
26. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Purines (identify)
Bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Hypercholesterolemia
27. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Rossman fold
Glycolipids
Aromatic amino acids
28. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport
Dynein
Monosaccharide
Starch
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
29. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
Nucleotide (composition)
Glycolipids
Complimentary bases
Secondary cell wall
30. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Dehydration synthesis
Glycosidic bond
Polar uncharged amino acids
Tight junctions
31. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells
Secondary cell wall
Plasmodesmata
Purines (identify)
Dehydration synthesis
32. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Amylopectin
Domains
Pyrimidines (identify)
33. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
Cenriole
Desmosomes
Quaternary level of protein structure
Beta barrel
34. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Alpha glucose ring
Nucleolus
Cell Theory
Major categories of macromolecules
35. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Antiport
Methanogens
Peptide bond
Gram positive bacteria
36. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
Cellulose
Special function amino acids
Secondary level of protein structure
Peptide bond
37. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Extreme halophiles
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Hydrocarbons
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
38. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean
Beta glucose ring
Extreme thermophiles
Rossman fold
Adherins junctions
39. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Secondary cell wall
Chaperone proteins
Adherins junctions
Central vacuole
40. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Steriod
Archaebacteria
Cyanobacteria
Middle lamella
41. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Phospholipid (composition)
Flagellum
Purines (identify)
Central vacuole
42. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience
Quaternary level of protein structure
Extracellular matrix
Tight junctions
Hydrocarbons
43. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Adherins junctions
Secondary level of protein structure
Kinesin
44. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine
Plasmodesmata
Bacteria
Extracellular matrix
Polar uncharged amino acids
45. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Hydrolysis
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Spectrin
Denaturation
46. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Beta barrel
Cytoplasm
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Amino acid (composition)
47. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein
Extreme thermophiles
Chromosome
Kinesin
Glycosidic bond
48. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Cenriole
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Amylose
Extracellular matrix
49. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Peptide bond
Central vacuole
ATP (composition)
Fat (composition)
50. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Major categories of macromolecules
Nonpolar amino acids
Fibronectin
Spectrin