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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






2. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






3. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






4. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






5. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






6. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






7. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






8. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






9. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






10. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






11. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






12. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






13. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






14. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






15. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






16. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






17. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






18. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






19. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






20. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






21. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






22. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






23. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






24. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






25. Adenine and Guanine






26. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






27. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






28. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






29. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






30. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






31. Components of cytoskeleton






32. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






33. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






34. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






35. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






36. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






37. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






38. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






39. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






40. Two simple sugars joined together






41. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






42. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






43. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






44. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






45. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






46. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






47. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






48. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






49. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






50. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out