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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






2. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






3. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






4. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






5. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






6. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






7. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






8. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






9. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






10. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






11. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






12. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






13. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






14. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






15. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






16. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






17. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






18. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






19. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






20. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






21. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






22. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






23. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






24. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






25. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






26. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






27. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






28. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






29. Components of cytoskeleton






30. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






31. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






32. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






33. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






34. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






35. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






36. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






37. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






38. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






39. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






40. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






41. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






42. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






43. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






44. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






45. Two simple sugars joined together






46. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






47. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






48. The bond between two sugar molecules






49. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






50. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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