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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
Glycerol
Denaturation
Differences between RNA and DNA
5 classes of amino acids
2. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Flagellum
Fat (composition)
Quaternary level of protein structure
3. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean
Fat (characteristics)
Extreme thermophiles
Amylopectin
Beta glucose ring
4. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Nucleotide (composition)
Central vacuole
Cadherin
5. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Dynein
Glycosidic bond
Major categories of macromolecules
Nonpolar amino acids
6. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
Hypercholesterolemia
Cytoskeleton
Rossman fold
Denaturation
7. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
C - H - O - N - S
Quaternary level of protein structure
Purines (characteristics)
5 classes of amino acids
8. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport
Dynein
Nucleolus
Pyrimidines (identify)
Adherins junctions
9. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience
Extracellular matrix
Central vacuole
Centrosome
First law of thermodynamics
10. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine
Adherins junctions
Purines (characteristics)
Pyrimidines (identify)
Kinesin
11. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Antiport
Steriod
Rossman fold
12. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)
Monosaccharide
Cadherin
Fat (characteristics)
Peptidoglycan
13. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport
Major categories of macromolecules
Kinesin
Alpha glucose ring
Proteoglycans
14. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Motifs
Hydrolysis
Hypercholesterolemia
Alpha glucose ring
15. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Microtubules
Major categories of macromolecules
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Methanogens
16. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Glycoproteins
Bacteriorhodopsin
Hypercholesterolemia
17. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)
Hemidesmosomes
Cell Theory
Plastids
Domains
18. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Purines (identify)
Phospholipid (composition)
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Peptidoglycan
19. Adenine and Guanine
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Chromosome
Purines (identify)
First law of thermodynamics
20. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Fat (composition)
Glycerol
Secondary level of protein structure
Glycosidic bond
21. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
ATP (composition)
Monosaccharide
Glycogen
Amylose
22. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Cyanobacteria
Collagen
Adherins junctions
Intermediate filaments
23. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Charged amino acids
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Domains
Amino acid (composition)
24. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Primary cell wall
Beta glucose ring
Fat (characteristics)
25. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out
Chitin
Antiport
Primary level of protein structure
Miller - Urey experiment
26. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
Flagellum
Hemidesmosomes
ATP (composition)
Domains
27. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Chitin
Keratin
Central vacuole
Phospholipid (composition)
28. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).
Flagellum
Starch
Glycogen
Extracellular matrix
29. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Proteoglycans
Fat (characteristics)
Fibronectin
Aromatic amino acids
30. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Functions or proteins
Peptide bond
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Keratin
31. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Proteoglycans
Extreme halophiles
Cellulose
Glycosidic bond
32. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane
Clathrin
Prostaglandin
Glycosidic bond
Glycolipids
33. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms
Functions or proteins
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
34. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Functions or proteins
Proteoglycans
Desmosomes
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
35. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Amino acid (composition)
Alpha glucose ring
Cyanobacteria
36. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Cadherin
Differences between RNA and DNA
Peptide bond
Chitin
37. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Nonpolar amino acids
Hypercholesterolemia
Countertransport
Kinesin
38. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Beta barrel
C - H - O - N - S
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Archaebacteria
39. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Nucleolus
Alpha glucose ring
Beta glucose ring
Middle lamella
40. Energy cannot be created or destroyed
First law of thermodynamics
Peptidoglycan
Anchoring junction
Steriod
41. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Major categories of macromolecules
Amino acid (composition)
Flagellum
Peptidoglycan
42. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Spectrin
Adherins junctions
Hydrocarbons
Fatty acid
43. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Bacteria
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Alpha glucose ring
Cyanobacteria
44. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)
Charged amino acids
Aromatic amino acids
Countertransport
Starch
45. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.
Fat (characteristics)
DNA (location)
Purines (characteristics)
Steriod
46. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Tight junctions
Major categories of macromolecules
Cytoplasm
Nonpolar amino acids
47. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Fatty acid
Beta glucose ring
Plastids
5 classes of amino acids
48. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today
Anchoring junction
Methanogens
Secondary level of protein structure
Prokaryote
49. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Cellulose
Peptide bond
Fibronectin
Fat (composition)
50. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Beta glucose ring
Cyanobacteria
Microtubules
Rossman fold