Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






2. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






3. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






4. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






5. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






6. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






7. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






8. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






9. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






10. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






11. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






12. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






13. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






14. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






15. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






16. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






17. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






18. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






19. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






20. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






21. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






22. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






23. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






24. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






25. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






26. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






27. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






28. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






29. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






30. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






31. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






32. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






33. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






34. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






35. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






36. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






37. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






38. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






39. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






40. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






41. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






42. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






43. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






44. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






45. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






46. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






47. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






48. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






49. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






50. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain