Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






2. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






3. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






4. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






5. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






6. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






7. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






8. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






9. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






10. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






11. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






12. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






13. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






14. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






15. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






16. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






17. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






18. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






19. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






20. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






21. The bond between two sugar molecules






22. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






23. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






24. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






25. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






26. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






27. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






28. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






29. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






30. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






31. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






32. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






33. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






34. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






35. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






36. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






37. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






38. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






39. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






40. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






41. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






42. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






43. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






44. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






45. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






46. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






47. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






48. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






49. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






50. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine