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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






2. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






3. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






4. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






5. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






6. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






7. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






8. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






9. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






10. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






11. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






12. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






13. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






14. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






15. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






16. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






17. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






18. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






19. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






20. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






21. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






22. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






23. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






24. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






25. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






26. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






27. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






28. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






29. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






30. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






31. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






32. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






33. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






34. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






35. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






36. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






37. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






38. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






39. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






40. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






41. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






42. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






43. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






44. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






45. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






46. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






47. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






48. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






49. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






50. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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