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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






2. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






3. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






4. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






5. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






6. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






7. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






8. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






9. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






10. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






11. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






12. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






13. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






14. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






15. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






16. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






17. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






18. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






19. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






20. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






21. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






22. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






23. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






24. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






25. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






26. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






27. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






28. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






29. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






30. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






31. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






32. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






33. The bond between two sugar molecules






34. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






35. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






36. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






37. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






38. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






39. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






40. Adenine and Guanine






41. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






42. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






43. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






44. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






45. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






46. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






47. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






48. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






49. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






50. Energy cannot be created or destroyed