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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






2. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






3. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






4. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






5. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






6. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






7. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






8. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






9. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






10. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






11. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






12. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






13. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






14. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






15. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






16. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






17. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






18. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






19. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






20. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






21. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






22. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






23. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






24. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






25. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






26. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






27. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






28. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






29. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






30. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






31. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






32. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






33. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






34. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






35. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






36. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






37. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






38. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






39. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






40. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






41. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






42. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






43. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






44. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






45. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






46. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






47. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






48. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






49. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






50. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists







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