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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






2. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






3. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






4. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






5. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






6. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






7. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






8. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






9. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






10. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






11. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






12. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






13. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






14. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






15. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






16. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






17. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






18. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






19. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






20. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






21. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






22. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






23. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






24. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






25. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






26. Components of cytoskeleton






27. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






28. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






29. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






30. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






31. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






32. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






33. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






34. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






35. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






36. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






37. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






38. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






39. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






40. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






41. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






42. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






43. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






44. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






45. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






46. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






47. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






48. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






49. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






50. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM







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