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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Fat (characteristics)
Hypercholesterolemia
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Gap junction
2. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.
Cell Theory
Phosphdiester bond
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Centrosome
3. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Fat (composition)
Purines (identify)
Antiport
Starch
4. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Nucleolus
Extracellular matrix
Collagen
5. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Disaccharide
Miller - Urey experiment
Gram positive bacteria
Charged amino acids
6. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
Desmosomes
Extreme thermophiles
Hypercholesterolemia
Bacteriorhodopsin
7. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Hydrocarbons
Monosaccharide
Flagellum
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
8. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Desmosomes
Adherins junctions
DNA (location)
Miller - Urey experiment
9. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures
Quaternary level of protein structure
Chaperone proteins
Dehydration synthesis
Fat (composition)
10. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium
Anchoring junction
Domains
Gram positive bacteria
Extracellular matrix
11. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Cyanobacteria
Domains
Chromosome
Disaccharide
12. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria
First law of thermodynamics
Quaternary level of protein structure
Cyanobacteria
Prokaryote
13. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Phosphdiester bond
Fat (composition)
Nonpolar amino acids
Pinocytosis
14. Adenine and Guanine
Functions or proteins
Antiport
Purines (identify)
Glycogen
15. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Glycerol
Prokaryote
Intermediate filaments
Flagellum
16. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells
Bacteriorhodopsin
Methanogens
Plasmodesmata
Hydrolysis
17. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet
Alpha glucose ring
Microtubules
Nucleotide (composition)
Motifs
18. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
Cell Theory
Kinesin
Extreme thermophiles
Quaternary level of protein structure
19. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Beta glucose ring
Integrins
Functions or proteins
Fat (characteristics)
20. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
DNA (location)
Desmosomes
Central vacuole
Functions or proteins
21. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
Amino acid (composition)
C - H - O - N - S
xtrusion
Chromosome
22. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport
Hydrolysis
xtrusion
Bacteria
Kinesin
23. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today
Dynein
Nucleotide (composition)
Primary cell wall
Methanogens
24. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution
Anchoring junction
Flagellum
Bacteria
Monosaccharide
25. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Nonpolar amino acids
Purines (identify)
Aromatic amino acids
Antiport
26. Components of cytoskeleton
Antiport
Pyrimidines (identify)
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
5 classes of amino acids
27. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Primary cell wall
Beta glucose ring
Bacteriorhodopsin
Desmosomes
28. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.
Peptide bond
Purines (characteristics)
Glycerol
Steriod
29. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane
Aromatic amino acids
Secondary level of protein structure
Hemidesmosomes
Archaebacteria
30. Two simple sugars joined together
Kinesin
Primary level of protein structure
Glycolipids
Disaccharide
31. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
Phospholipid (composition)
Denaturation
C - H - O - N - S
5 classes of amino acids
32. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)
Primary cell wall
Central vacuole
Starch
Domains
33. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Extreme halophiles
Fibronectin
Cytoplasm
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
34. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Chaperone proteins
Anchoring junction
Phospholipid (composition)
35. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior
Polar uncharged amino acids
ATP (composition)
Fibronectin
Integrins
36. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Antiport
Integrins
Bacteriorhodopsin
37. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Hypercholesterolemia
Beta barrel
Amylose
Peptide bond
38. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Bacteriorhodopsin
Proteoglycans
Glycogen
Beta barrel
39. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Adherins junctions
Polar uncharged amino acids
Beta barrel
Hemidesmosomes
40. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Chitin
Tight junctions
Spectrin
Starch
41. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Alpha glucose ring
Amino acid (composition)
Amylose
Pyrimidines (identify)
42. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine
Complimentary bases
Chitin
Glycogen
Starch
43. The bond between two sugar molecules
Amylopectin
Glycosidic bond
Secondary cell wall
C - H - O - N - S
44. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Peptide bond
Charged amino acids
Purines (identify)
Keratin
45. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Cyanobacteria
Charged amino acids
Middle lamella
Starch
46. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
Phospholipid (composition)
Purines (characteristics)
5 classes of amino acids
Cellulose
47. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Fatty acid
Cadherin
Peptidoglycan
Adherins junctions
48. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Miller - Urey experiment
Prokaryote
Alpha glucose ring
Denaturation
49. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells
Gap junction
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Anchoring junction
Pinocytosis
50. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
Secondary level of protein structure
Hemidesmosomes
Disaccharide
Alpha glucose ring