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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






2. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






3. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






4. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






5. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






6. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






7. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






8. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






9. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






10. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






11. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






12. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






13. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






14. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






15. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






16. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






17. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






18. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






19. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






20. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






21. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






22. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






23. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






24. Adenine and Guanine






25. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






26. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






27. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






28. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






29. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






30. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






31. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






32. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






33. The bond between two sugar molecules






34. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






35. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






36. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






37. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






38. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






39. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






40. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






41. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






42. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






43. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






44. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






45. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






46. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






47. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






48. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






49. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






50. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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