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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






2. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






3. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






4. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






5. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






6. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






7. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






8. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






9. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






10. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






11. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






12. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






13. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






14. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






15. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






16. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






17. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






18. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






19. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






20. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






21. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






22. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






23. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






24. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






25. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






26. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






27. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






28. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






29. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






30. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






31. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






32. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






33. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






34. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






35. Two simple sugars joined together






36. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






37. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






38. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






39. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






40. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






41. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






42. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






43. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






44. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






45. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






46. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






47. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






48. The bond between two sugar molecules






49. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






50. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction