Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






2. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






3. Adenine and Guanine






4. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






5. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






6. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






7. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






8. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






9. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






10. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






11. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






12. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






13. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






14. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






15. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






16. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






17. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






18. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






19. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






20. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






21. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






22. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






23. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






24. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






25. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






26. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






27. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






28. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






29. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






30. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






31. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






32. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






33. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






34. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






35. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






36. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






37. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






38. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






39. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






40. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






41. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






42. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






43. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






44. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






45. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






46. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






47. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






48. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






49. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






50. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine