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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport
Plasmodesmata
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Plastids
Dynein
2. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)
Central vacuole
Hydrolysis
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Countertransport
3. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
Flagellum
Hypercholesterolemia
Methanogens
Desmosomes
4. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Domains
Flagellum
Central vacuole
Differences between RNA and DNA
5. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Flagellum
Special function amino acids
Bacteria
Nucleotide (composition)
6. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Tight junctions
Glycosidic bond
Differences between RNA and DNA
Fatty acid
7. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
Pyrimidines (identify)
Phosphdiester bond
Purines (characteristics)
Glycogen
8. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
Glycolipids
Kinesin
Phosphdiester bond
ATP (composition)
9. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Polar uncharged amino acids
Chromosome
Collagen
Hydrolysis
10. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells
Gap junction
Denaturation
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Major categories of macromolecules
11. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis
Gap junction
Bacteriorhodopsin
Integrins
Differences between RNA and DNA
12. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites
Fat (composition)
Rossman fold
Fatty acid
Flagellum
13. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Extreme halophiles
Denaturation
Amylopectin
Desmosomes
14. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Hydrocarbons
Tight junctions
Archaebacteria
Peptide bond
15. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments
Charged amino acids
Chromosome
Intermediate filaments
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
16. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Nucleotide (composition)
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Hydrocarbons
17. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Chitin
Integrins
Chromosome
Beta glucose ring
18. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane
Clathrin
Alpha glucose ring
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Special function amino acids
19. The bond between two sugar molecules
Tight junctions
Charged amino acids
Hemidesmosomes
Glycosidic bond
20. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Flagellum
Amylopectin
Fat (composition)
Microtubules
21. Adenine and Guanine
First law of thermodynamics
Purines (identify)
Secondary cell wall
Collagen
22. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH
Hydrolysis
Disaccharide
Rossman fold
Gram positive bacteria
23. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean
Extreme thermophiles
Dynein
Cytoskeleton
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
24. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Cadherin
Fat (characteristics)
Hemidesmosomes
25. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Plastids
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Amino acid (composition)
Anchoring junction
26. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists
Middle lamella
Fat (characteristics)
Miller - Urey experiment
Primary cell wall
27. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles
Fibronectin
Centrosome
Microtubules
Central vacuole
28. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
Cell Theory
Glycogen
ATP (composition)
Adherins junctions
29. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Cytoplasm
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Motifs
ATP (composition)
30. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience
Desmosomes
Extracellular matrix
Dynein
Motifs
31. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi
Cenriole
Nucleotide (composition)
Extreme thermophiles
Cellulose
32. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Primary cell wall
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Pinocytosis
Denaturation
33. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Fat (characteristics)
Glycerol
Spectrin
Keratin
34. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine
Cytoskeleton
First law of thermodynamics
Cellulose
Pyrimidines (identify)
35. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Secondary level of protein structure
Peptidoglycan
Beta barrel
Gram positive bacteria
36. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Cyanobacteria
Starch
ATP (composition)
Charged amino acids
37. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria
Domains
Nonpolar amino acids
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Prokaryote
38. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Beta barrel
Bacteria
Prokaryote
Glycosidic bond
39. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Central vacuole
Primary cell wall
Proteoglycans
Nucleolus
40. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Amylose
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Primary cell wall
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
41. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Keratin
Nonpolar amino acids
Amylopectin
42. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
Hydrolysis
Middle lamella
5 classes of amino acids
Tight junctions
43. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Amylopectin
Pinocytosis
Prokaryote
Complimentary bases
44. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Chitin
Glycolipids
Primary level of protein structure
Phospholipid (composition)
45. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Glycerol
Alpha glucose ring
Denaturation
46. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
Bacteriorhodopsin
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Middle lamella
Glycosidic bond
47. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction
Dehydration synthesis
Countertransport
Disaccharide
Integrins
48. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine
Archaebacteria
Polar uncharged amino acids
Chromosome
Extracellular matrix
49. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Charged amino acids
Tight junctions
Microtubules
Bacteriorhodopsin
50. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support
Starch
Secondary cell wall
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Glycosidic bond