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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






2. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






3. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






4. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






5. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






6. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






7. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






8. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






9. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






10. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






11. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






12. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






13. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






14. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






15. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






16. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






17. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






18. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






19. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






20. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






21. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






22. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






23. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






24. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






25. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






26. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






27. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






28. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






29. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






30. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






31. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






32. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






33. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






34. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






35. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






36. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






37. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






38. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






39. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






40. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






41. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






42. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






43. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






44. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






45. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






46. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






47. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






48. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






49. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






50. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane