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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine
Adherins junctions
Glycerol
Polar uncharged amino acids
Nucleolus
2. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Primary level of protein structure
Fatty acid
Cell Theory
Alpha glucose ring
3. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Chaperone proteins
Centrosome
Phospholipid (composition)
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
4. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine
Plastids
Pyrimidines (identify)
Primary cell wall
Intermediate filaments
5. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria
Charged amino acids
Prokaryote
Gram positive bacteria
Collagen
6. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)
Spectrin
Glycosidic bond
Peptidoglycan
Fatty acid
7. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites
Spectrin
Aromatic amino acids
Prokaryote
Rossman fold
8. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi
Glycerol
Prokaryote
Flagellum
Cenriole
9. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
First law of thermodynamics
Flagellum
Hypercholesterolemia
Intermediate filaments
10. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet
Motifs
Major categories of macromolecules
Beta barrel
Fibronectin
11. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
5 classes of amino acids
Centrosome
Dynein
Peptidoglycan
12. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Alpha glucose ring
Purines (identify)
Centrosome
13. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Functions or proteins
Extreme halophiles
Glycoproteins
Cadherin
14. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution
Antiport
Chitin
Plasmodesmata
Monosaccharide
15. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.
Prokaryote
First law of thermodynamics
Denaturation
Hydrocarbons
16. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures
Peptide bond
Hemidesmosomes
Cytoskeleton
Chaperone proteins
17. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst
Plasmodesmata
Cyanobacteria
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Nucleolus
18. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Starch
Cytoskeleton
Alpha glucose ring
Nonpolar amino acids
19. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
DNA (location)
Major categories of macromolecules
Functions or proteins
Rossman fold
20. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Bacteria
Aromatic amino acids
Cadherin
Prostaglandin
21. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH
Hydrolysis
Fibronectin
Keratin
Cytoplasm
22. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Nonpolar amino acids
Major categories of macromolecules
Adherins junctions
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
23. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
Glycolipids
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Secondary cell wall
Differences between RNA and DNA
24. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support
Miller - Urey experiment
Microtubules
Secondary cell wall
Pinocytosis
25. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
Middle lamella
Collagen
Nucleotide (composition)
Starch
26. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine
xtrusion
Complimentary bases
Bacteria
Hemidesmosomes
27. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells
Hemidesmosomes
Quaternary level of protein structure
Middle lamella
Plasmodesmata
28. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Disaccharide
Rossman fold
Microtubules
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
29. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
Cytoskeleton
Primary level of protein structure
Integrins
Rossman fold
30. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Peptide bond
Major categories of macromolecules
Middle lamella
Dehydration synthesis
31. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Phospholipid (composition)
Functions or proteins
Primary cell wall
32. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium
Glycogen
Complimentary bases
Anchoring junction
Microtubules
33. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.
Complimentary bases
5 classes of amino acids
Pinocytosis
Steriod
34. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction
Dehydration synthesis
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Tight junctions
Bacteriorhodopsin
35. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
Purines (identify)
Integrins
Fibronectin
xtrusion
36. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out
Antiport
Nonpolar amino acids
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Beta glucose ring
37. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Phosphdiester bond
Fat (composition)
Keratin
38. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Cyanobacteria
Polar uncharged amino acids
Purines (characteristics)
Glycerol
39. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA
Primary level of protein structure
Cytoplasm
Archaebacteria
Charged amino acids
40. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
Glycolipids
Miller - Urey experiment
ATP (composition)
Antiport
41. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Differences between RNA and DNA
Aromatic amino acids
Phosphdiester bond
Chromosome
42. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Keratin
Adherins junctions
Beta barrel
Cyanobacteria
43. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Keratin
Amino acid (composition)
Middle lamella
44. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Pyrimidines (identify)
Chitin
Alpha glucose ring
Charged amino acids
45. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane
Rossman fold
Complimentary bases
Amylopectin
Fibronectin
46. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Flagellum
Fatty acid
Phospholipid (composition)
Domains
47. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior
Beta glucose ring
Integrins
Phosphdiester bond
Proteoglycans
48. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
Secondary level of protein structure
Phosphdiester bond
Starch
Anchoring junction
49. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Keratin
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Gram positive bacteria
Nucleotide (composition)
50. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists
Domains
Gap junction
Primary cell wall
Bacteria
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