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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






2. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






3. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






4. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






5. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






6. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






7. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






8. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






9. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






10. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






11. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






12. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






13. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






14. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






15. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






16. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






17. Adenine and Guanine






18. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






19. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






20. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






21. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






22. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






23. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






24. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






25. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






26. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






27. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






28. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






29. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






30. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






31. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






32. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






33. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






34. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






35. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






36. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






37. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






38. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






39. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






40. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






41. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






42. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






43. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






44. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






45. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






46. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






47. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






48. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






49. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






50. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group







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