SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)
Differences between RNA and DNA
Cytoplasm
Dehydration synthesis
Quaternary level of protein structure
2. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)
Beta glucose ring
Gap junction
Countertransport
Differences between RNA and DNA
3. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
ATP (composition)
Glycosidic bond
Amylopectin
Pinocytosis
4. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
Glycoproteins
Special function amino acids
xtrusion
Glycolipids
5. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.
Central vacuole
Proteoglycans
Steriod
Cyanobacteria
6. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Extreme thermophiles
Beta glucose ring
Middle lamella
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
7. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.
Bacteriorhodopsin
Microtubules
Cellulose
Primary cell wall
8. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Complimentary bases
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Central vacuole
Cytoskeleton
9. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Anchoring junction
Pinocytosis
Peptidoglycan
10. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Charged amino acids
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Rossman fold
Desmosomes
11. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Integrins
Dynein
Glycolipids
12. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane
Glycosidic bond
5 classes of amino acids
ATP (composition)
Hemidesmosomes
13. The bond between two sugar molecules
Secondary cell wall
Glycosidic bond
Archaebacteria
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
14. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells
Fibronectin
Nonpolar amino acids
Gap junction
Glycolipids
15. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Secondary level of protein structure
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Denaturation
Miller - Urey experiment
16. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Glycosidic bond
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Pyrimidines (identify)
Gap junction
17. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Peptide bond
Chaperone proteins
Extreme thermophiles
18. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
Secondary level of protein structure
Nucleolus
Archaebacteria
Special function amino acids
19. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH
Hydrolysis
Anchoring junction
Purines (characteristics)
Clathrin
20. Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Cadherin
First law of thermodynamics
Plasmodesmata
Gram positive bacteria
21. Adenine and Guanine
Purines (identify)
Amylose
Denaturation
5 classes of amino acids
22. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves
Nucleotide (composition)
Disaccharide
Antiport
Plastids
23. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated
Special function amino acids
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Gap junction
Fat (characteristics)
24. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support
Desmosomes
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Secondary cell wall
Prostaglandin
25. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).
Fat (composition)
Primary level of protein structure
Starch
Purines (identify)
26. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Miller - Urey experiment
Alpha glucose ring
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Clathrin
27. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet
Domains
Cadherin
Motifs
Bacteriorhodopsin
28. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Glycolipids
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Keratin
Amylose
29. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Tight junctions
Complimentary bases
Cell Theory
Extreme thermophiles
30. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out
Antiport
Cenriole
Nonpolar amino acids
Tight junctions
31. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction
Glycoproteins
Dehydration synthesis
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Nucleotide (composition)
32. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Dehydration synthesis
Extracellular matrix
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Cadherin
33. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Cyanobacteria
Fatty acid
Microtubules
Secondary cell wall
34. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine
Purines (characteristics)
Cell Theory
Middle lamella
Complimentary bases
35. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis
Bacteriorhodopsin
Hydrocarbons
Fat (composition)
Keratin
36. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein
Extracellular matrix
Fibronectin
Chromosome
Cadherin
37. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms
Tight junctions
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Fibronectin
38. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Hemidesmosomes
Fibronectin
Cytoskeleton
Bacteria
39. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Beta barrel
Glycoproteins
Cenriole
Fatty acid
40. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Beta barrel
Starch
Aromatic amino acids
Intermediate filaments
41. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium
Bacteriorhodopsin
5 classes of amino acids
Fatty acid
Anchoring junction
42. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Central vacuole
Phospholipid (composition)
Special function amino acids
Pyrimidines (identify)
43. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
Nucleolus
Hemidesmosomes
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Glycogen
44. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Flagellum
Centrosome
Cadherin
Amino acid (composition)
45. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
Methanogens
Hydrocarbons
Cytoskeleton
Domains
46. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)
Cenriole
Extreme thermophiles
First law of thermodynamics
Peptidoglycan
47. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine
Steriod
Cellulose
Polar uncharged amino acids
Prokaryote
48. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Monosaccharide
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Quaternary level of protein structure
49. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
Primary level of protein structure
Amino acid (composition)
Differences between RNA and DNA
Peptidoglycan
50. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Hydrolysis
Denaturation
Kinesin
Adherins junctions