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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






2. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






3. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






4. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






5. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






6. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






7. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






8. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






9. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






10. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






11. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






12. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






13. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






14. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






15. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






16. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






17. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






18. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






19. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






20. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






21. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






22. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






23. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






24. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






25. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






26. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






27. Two simple sugars joined together






28. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






29. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






30. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






31. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






32. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






33. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






34. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






35. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






36. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






37. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






38. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






39. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






40. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






41. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






42. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






43. Adenine and Guanine






44. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






45. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






46. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






47. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






48. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






49. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






50. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base