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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






2. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






3. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






4. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






5. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






6. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






7. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






8. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






9. Adenine and Guanine






10. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






11. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






12. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






13. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






14. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






15. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






16. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






17. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






18. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






19. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






20. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






21. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






22. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






23. Two simple sugars joined together






24. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






25. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






26. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






27. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






28. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






29. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






30. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






31. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






32. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






33. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






34. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






35. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






36. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






37. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






38. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






39. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






40. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






41. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






42. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






43. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






44. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






45. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






46. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






47. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






48. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






49. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






50. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures