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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






2. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






3. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






4. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






5. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






6. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






7. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






8. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






9. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






10. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






11. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






12. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






13. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






14. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






15. Components of cytoskeleton






16. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






17. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






18. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






19. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






20. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






21. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






22. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






23. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






24. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






25. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






26. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






27. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






28. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






29. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






30. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






31. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






32. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






33. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






34. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






35. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






36. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






37. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






38. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






39. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






40. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






41. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






42. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






43. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






44. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






45. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






46. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






47. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






48. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






49. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






50. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls