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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






2. Two simple sugars joined together






3. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






4. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






5. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






6. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






7. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






8. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






9. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






10. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






11. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






12. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






13. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






14. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






15. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






16. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






17. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






18. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






19. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






20. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






21. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






22. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






23. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






24. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






25. Adenine and Guanine






26. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






27. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






28. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






29. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






30. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






31. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






32. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






33. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






34. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






35. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






36. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






37. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






38. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






39. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






40. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






41. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






42. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






43. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






44. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






45. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






46. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






47. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






48. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






49. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






50. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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