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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






2. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






3. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






4. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






5. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






6. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






7. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






8. Two simple sugars joined together






9. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






10. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






11. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






12. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






13. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






14. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






15. The bond between two sugar molecules






16. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






17. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






18. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






19. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






20. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






21. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






22. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






23. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






24. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






25. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






26. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






27. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






28. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






29. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






30. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






31. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






32. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






33. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






34. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






35. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






36. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






37. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






38. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






39. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






40. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






41. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






42. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






43. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






44. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






45. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






46. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






47. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






48. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






49. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






50. Energy cannot be created or destroyed