Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






2. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






3. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






4. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






5. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






6. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






7. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






8. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






9. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






10. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






11. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






12. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






13. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






14. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






15. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






16. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






17. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






18. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






19. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






20. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






21. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






22. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






23. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






24. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






25. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






26. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






27. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






28. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






29. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






30. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






31. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






32. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






33. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






34. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






35. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






36. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






37. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






38. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






39. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






40. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






41. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






42. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






43. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






44. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






45. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






46. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






47. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






48. Two simple sugars joined together






49. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






50. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine