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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






2. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






3. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






4. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






5. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






6. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






7. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






8. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






9. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






10. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






11. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






12. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






13. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






14. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






15. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






16. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






17. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






18. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






19. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






20. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






21. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






22. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






23. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






24. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






25. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






26. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






27. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






28. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






29. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






30. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






31. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






32. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






33. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






34. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






35. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






36. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






37. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






38. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






39. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






40. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






41. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






42. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






43. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






44. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






45. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






46. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






47. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






48. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






49. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






50. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support







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