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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane
Extreme halophiles
Hemidesmosomes
Monosaccharide
Glycogen
2. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
Bacteriorhodopsin
5 classes of amino acids
Adherins junctions
Alpha glucose ring
3. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
Kinesin
Glycogen
Gram positive bacteria
Tight junctions
4. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles
Rossman fold
Kinesin
Centrosome
xtrusion
5. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Alpha glucose ring
Glycolipids
Major categories of macromolecules
Amino acid (composition)
6. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures
Chaperone proteins
Differences between RNA and DNA
Flagellum
Bacteria
7. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Rossman fold
Amylopectin
C - H - O - N - S
Collagen
8. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.
Phosphdiester bond
Steriod
Chitin
Phospholipid (composition)
9. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites
Centrosome
Glycolipids
Rossman fold
Cytoskeleton
10. Two simple sugars joined together
Kinesin
Major categories of macromolecules
Bacteriorhodopsin
Disaccharide
11. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Central vacuole
DNA (location)
Centrosome
Beta barrel
12. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Hydrolysis
Plastids
Flagellum
13. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Cyanobacteria
Hydrolysis
Collagen
Kinesin
14. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Miller - Urey experiment
Tight junctions
Differences between RNA and DNA
15. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA
Differences between RNA and DNA
Primary level of protein structure
Beta barrel
Starch
16. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)
Primary level of protein structure
Peptidoglycan
Countertransport
Amino acid (composition)
17. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Primary cell wall
Integrins
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Hydrocarbons
18. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
Cell Theory
Adherins junctions
Alpha glucose ring
Cytoskeleton
19. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Extreme halophiles
Cadherin
C - H - O - N - S
Bacteriorhodopsin
20. Adenine and Guanine
Purines (identify)
Prokaryote
Phosphdiester bond
Dehydration synthesis
21. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Cellulose
Bacteria
Kinesin
Secondary level of protein structure
22. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Peptidoglycan
Fat (composition)
Keratin
Miller - Urey experiment
23. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)
Cenriole
Intermediate filaments
Peptide bond
Quaternary level of protein structure
24. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)
Phosphdiester bond
Pyrimidines (identify)
C - H - O - N - S
Peptidoglycan
25. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Dynein
Glycerol
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
26. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells
Plasmodesmata
Starch
Pinocytosis
Amino acid (composition)
27. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.
Denaturation
Glycosidic bond
5 classes of amino acids
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
28. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Hypercholesterolemia
Major categories of macromolecules
C - H - O - N - S
29. Components of cytoskeleton
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
xtrusion
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Adherins junctions
30. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
C - H - O - N - S
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Adherins junctions
Peptidoglycan
31. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Special function amino acids
Differences between RNA and DNA
Major categories of macromolecules
Rossman fold
32. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
Amylopectin
Intermediate filaments
Cell Theory
Plastids
33. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists
Primary cell wall
Beta barrel
Cytoskeleton
Differences between RNA and DNA
34. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet
Archaebacteria
Motifs
Nonpolar amino acids
Microtubules
35. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst
Glycerol
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Extreme thermophiles
Beta barrel
36. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria
Prokaryote
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Secondary level of protein structure
Hypercholesterolemia
37. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today
Functions or proteins
Aromatic amino acids
Methanogens
Nucleolus
38. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean
Extreme thermophiles
Phospholipid (composition)
Functions or proteins
Pyrimidines (identify)
39. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Amino acid (composition)
Archaebacteria
Gap junction
Desmosomes
40. The bond between two sugar molecules
Glycosidic bond
Cytoskeleton
Nonpolar amino acids
Spectrin
41. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Functions or proteins
Major categories of macromolecules
Prokaryote
Domains
42. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
C - H - O - N - S
Phospholipid (composition)
Fatty acid
Hydrocarbons
43. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Glycerol
Intermediate filaments
Special function amino acids
Prostaglandin
44. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)
ATP (composition)
Domains
Amino acid (composition)
Peptidoglycan
45. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Cytoplasm
Disaccharide
Hypercholesterolemia
Kinesin
46. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Glycosidic bond
Cytoskeleton
Amylose
Charged amino acids
47. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine
Polar uncharged amino acids
Purines (identify)
Nonpolar amino acids
Anchoring junction
48. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Peptidoglycan
Starch
Amylopectin
Chitin
49. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane
Prostaglandin
Extracellular matrix
Functions or proteins
Fibronectin
50. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Extreme halophiles
Nonpolar amino acids
Kinesin
Glycerol