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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Cyanobacteria
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Integrins
Chitin
2. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Beta barrel
Spectrin
Hydrocarbons
Countertransport
3. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.
Plastids
Hypercholesterolemia
Prostaglandin
Domains
4. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
C - H - O - N - S
First law of thermodynamics
Middle lamella
Starch
5. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
Purines (identify)
Clathrin
xtrusion
Integrins
6. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
Differences between RNA and DNA
Peptidoglycan
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Bacteria
7. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Spectrin
Cell Theory
Cenriole
Peptide bond
8. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Cytoplasm
Dynein
Aromatic amino acids
Extracellular matrix
9. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells
Clathrin
Gap junction
Glycolipids
Desmosomes
10. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out
Antiport
Microtubules
Quaternary level of protein structure
Tertiaty level of protein structure
11. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).
Starch
Fibronectin
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Collagen
12. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
Prostaglandin
Glycogen
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Dehydration synthesis
13. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Bacteriorhodopsin
Steriod
Archaebacteria
C - H - O - N - S
14. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Tight junctions
Fatty acid
Starch
15. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst
Cenriole
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Amylopectin
16. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Bacteria
Keratin
Microtubules
Amino acid (composition)
17. Adenine and Guanine
Steriod
Purines (identify)
Adherins junctions
Chromosome
18. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Bacteria
Gram positive bacteria
Gap junction
Extracellular matrix
19. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Amino acid (composition)
Major categories of macromolecules
Middle lamella
xtrusion
20. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
Chaperone proteins
Countertransport
Cell Theory
xtrusion
21. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA
Secondary cell wall
Primary level of protein structure
Pyrimidines (identify)
Complimentary bases
22. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction
Glycoproteins
Gram positive bacteria
Hydrolysis
Miller - Urey experiment
23. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Fat (composition)
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Rossman fold
24. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Flagellum
Tight junctions
Alpha glucose ring
Cellulose
25. Components of cytoskeleton
Centrosome
Chaperone proteins
Hydrolysis
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
26. Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Amino acid (composition)
First law of thermodynamics
Archaebacteria
Purines (characteristics)
27. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH
Glycoproteins
Hydrolysis
Charged amino acids
Amino acid (composition)
28. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)
Countertransport
Charged amino acids
DNA (location)
Peptidoglycan
29. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
Hydrolysis
Differences between RNA and DNA
5 classes of amino acids
Hypercholesterolemia
30. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Glycoproteins
Beta barrel
Archaebacteria
Phosphdiester bond
31. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves
Bacteria
Cytoskeleton
Nonpolar amino acids
Plastids
32. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Phosphdiester bond
Hemidesmosomes
Phospholipid (composition)
Domains
33. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet
Kinesin
Motifs
Glycoproteins
Intermediate filaments
34. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
Tight junctions
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Pyrimidines (identify)
C - H - O - N - S
35. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Adherins junctions
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Pyrimidines (identify)
Cytoskeleton
36. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
Secondary level of protein structure
Countertransport
ATP (composition)
Prokaryote
37. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Clathrin
Hemidesmosomes
Complimentary bases
38. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein
Functions or proteins
Glycoproteins
Chromosome
Plasmodesmata
39. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport
Dynein
Quaternary level of protein structure
Countertransport
Tight junctions
40. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Prokaryote
Quaternary level of protein structure
Cenriole
Alpha glucose ring
41. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Cyanobacteria
Glycolipids
Flagellum
Purines (characteristics)
42. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Fat (composition)
Hypercholesterolemia
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Hydrolysis
43. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Chitin
Cytoplasm
xtrusion
44. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Nucleolus
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Hemidesmosomes
First law of thermodynamics
45. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
Spectrin
Rossman fold
Keratin
Nucleotide (composition)
46. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.
Monosaccharide
Steriod
Gap junction
Chitin
47. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Amino acid (composition)
Cadherin
First law of thermodynamics
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
48. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Glycoproteins
Fatty acid
Special function amino acids
Prokaryote
49. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.
Proteoglycans
DNA (location)
Charged amino acids
Prostaglandin
50. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Peptide bond
Bacteria
Keratin
Chromosome