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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






2. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






3. Components of cytoskeleton






4. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






5. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






6. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






7. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






8. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






9. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






10. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






11. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






12. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






13. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






14. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






15. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






16. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






17. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






18. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






19. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






20. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






21. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






22. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






23. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






24. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






25. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






26. The bond between two sugar molecules






27. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






28. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






29. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






30. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






31. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






32. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






33. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






34. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






35. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






36. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






37. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






38. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






39. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






40. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






41. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






42. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






43. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






44. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






45. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






46. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






47. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






48. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






49. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






50. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out