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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Peptide bond
Anchoring junction
Beta glucose ring
Countertransport
2. The bond between two sugar molecules
Glycosidic bond
Dynein
Pyrimidines (identify)
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
3. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Aromatic amino acids
Chromosome
Proteoglycans
Kinesin
4. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Pyrimidines (identify)
Gram positive bacteria
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Cyanobacteria
5. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi
Nonpolar amino acids
Disaccharide
Cenriole
Spectrin
6. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).
Pyrimidines (identify)
Bacteria
Starch
C - H - O - N - S
7. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria
Nucleotide (composition)
Alpha glucose ring
Middle lamella
Prokaryote
8. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles
Centrosome
Cellulose
Glycosidic bond
Rossman fold
9. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Hemidesmosomes
xtrusion
Adherins junctions
Dehydration synthesis
10. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport
Glycoproteins
Dynein
Collagen
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
11. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Plasmodesmata
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Quaternary level of protein structure
Archaebacteria
12. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
Cenriole
Centrosome
Middle lamella
Keratin
13. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Secondary level of protein structure
Phospholipid (composition)
Quaternary level of protein structure
Domains
14. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
Central vacuole
xtrusion
Glycogen
Cell Theory
15. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Collagen
Prostaglandin
Amino acid (composition)
Intermediate filaments
16. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.
Prostaglandin
Chitin
Peptide bond
Denaturation
17. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine
Special function amino acids
Fat (characteristics)
Pyrimidines (identify)
Cadherin
18. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Hydrolysis
Bacteriorhodopsin
Bacteria
Amylose
19. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support
Fat (composition)
Secondary cell wall
Phospholipid (composition)
Functions or proteins
20. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures
Cadherin
Fibronectin
Chaperone proteins
First law of thermodynamics
21. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms
Amino acid (composition)
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Beta barrel
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
22. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.
Denaturation
Amylopectin
Intermediate filaments
Hydrocarbons
23. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane
Motifs
Fibronectin
Domains
Clathrin
24. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Proteoglycans
Cyanobacteria
5 classes of amino acids
Rossman fold
25. Two simple sugars joined together
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Hydrolysis
Disaccharide
Proteoglycans
26. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Archaebacteria
Cadherin
Pinocytosis
Differences between RNA and DNA
27. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Anchoring junction
Amino acid (composition)
Nucleotide (composition)
Dynein
28. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Primary level of protein structure
First law of thermodynamics
Bacteria
Charged amino acids
29. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction
Microtubules
Kinesin
Dehydration synthesis
Beta barrel
30. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet
Motifs
Extreme halophiles
Nucleotide (composition)
Functions or proteins
31. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Extracellular matrix
Primary level of protein structure
Special function amino acids
32. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium
Domains
Cadherin
Anchoring junction
Motifs
33. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Spectrin
Proteoglycans
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Charged amino acids
34. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Amylopectin
Motifs
Archaebacteria
Purines (identify)
35. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane
Bacteriorhodopsin
Hemidesmosomes
Glycerol
Cell Theory
36. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.
Miller - Urey experiment
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Middle lamella
Prostaglandin
37. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Plasmodesmata
Peptide bond
Bacteria
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
38. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells
ATP (composition)
Keratin
Chromosome
Glycolipids
39. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated
Chitin
Fat (characteristics)
Fatty acid
Rossman fold
40. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
Bacteria
Purines (characteristics)
Flagellum
Primary cell wall
41. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine
Monosaccharide
Pinocytosis
Quaternary level of protein structure
Polar uncharged amino acids
42. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
Phospholipid (composition)
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Intermediate filaments
C - H - O - N - S
43. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
Nucleotide (composition)
Microtubules
Fibronectin
Special function amino acids
44. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Cadherin
Glycolipids
Nucleolus
45. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists
Gap junction
Denaturation
Primary cell wall
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
46. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Disaccharide
Bacteriorhodopsin
Prokaryote
Fatty acid
47. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Secondary cell wall
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Purines (characteristics)
Extreme halophiles
48. Adenine and Guanine
xtrusion
Complimentary bases
Secondary cell wall
Purines (identify)
49. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Antiport
Functions or proteins
Glycogen
Extreme thermophiles
50. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Glycogen
Bacteria
Amylose
Middle lamella