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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






2. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






3. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






4. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






5. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






6. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






7. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






8. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






9. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






10. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






11. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






12. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






13. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






14. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






15. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






16. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






17. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






18. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






19. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






20. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






21. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






22. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






23. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






24. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






25. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






26. The bond between two sugar molecules






27. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






28. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






29. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






30. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






31. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






32. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






33. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






34. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






35. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






36. Two simple sugars joined together






37. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






38. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






39. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






40. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






41. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






42. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






43. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






44. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






45. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






46. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






47. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






48. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






49. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






50. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists