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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






2. Components of cytoskeleton






3. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






4. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






5. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






6. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






7. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






8. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






9. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






10. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






11. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






12. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






13. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






14. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






15. Adenine and Guanine






16. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






17. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






18. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






19. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






20. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






21. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






22. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






23. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






24. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






25. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






26. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






27. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






28. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






29. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






30. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






31. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






32. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






33. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






34. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






35. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






36. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






37. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






38. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






39. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






40. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






41. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






42. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






43. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






44. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






45. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






46. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






47. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






48. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






49. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






50. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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