Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






2. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






3. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






4. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






5. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






6. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






7. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






8. The bond between two sugar molecules






9. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






10. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






11. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






12. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






13. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






14. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






15. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






16. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






17. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






18. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






19. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






20. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






21. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






22. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






23. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






24. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






25. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






26. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






27. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






28. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






29. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






30. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






31. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






32. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






33. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






34. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






35. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






36. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






37. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






38. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






39. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






40. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






41. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






42. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






43. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






44. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






45. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






46. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






47. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






48. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






49. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






50. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH