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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






2. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






3. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






4. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






5. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






6. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






7. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






8. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






9. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






10. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






11. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






12. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






13. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






14. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






15. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






16. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






17. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






18. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






19. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






20. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






21. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






22. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






23. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






24. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






25. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






26. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






27. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






28. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






29. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






30. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






31. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






32. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






33. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






34. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






35. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






36. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






37. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






38. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






39. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






40. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






41. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






42. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






43. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






44. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






45. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






46. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






47. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






48. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






49. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






50. Adenine and Guanine