SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Cyanobacteria
Glycolipids
Cadherin
Amylopectin
2. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers
Glycolipids
Differences between RNA and DNA
Primary cell wall
Glycosidic bond
3. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
First law of thermodynamics
ATP (composition)
Charged amino acids
Hypercholesterolemia
4. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Extreme halophiles
Glycoproteins
Cyanobacteria
5. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Amylopectin
Secondary cell wall
Rossman fold
Central vacuole
6. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane
Extreme thermophiles
Starch
5 classes of amino acids
Fibronectin
7. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Fibronectin
Complimentary bases
Pinocytosis
Cenriole
8. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi
5 classes of amino acids
Pyrimidines (identify)
Cenriole
Denaturation
9. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst
Gram positive bacteria
Phospholipid (composition)
Monosaccharide
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
10. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.
Secondary level of protein structure
Domains
Phosphdiester bond
Fibronectin
11. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
Flagellum
Cytoskeleton
Archaebacteria
Beta barrel
12. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
Fat (composition)
Desmosomes
Steriod
Miller - Urey experiment
13. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean
Antiport
Extreme thermophiles
Chaperone proteins
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
14. Components of cytoskeleton
Bacteria
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Secondary cell wall
Glycerol
15. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior
Keratin
Middle lamella
Beta barrel
Integrins
16. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport
Hydrocarbons
Dynein
Charged amino acids
Chitin
17. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Fat (characteristics)
Amino acid (composition)
Domains
18. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Starch
Amylopectin
Glycolipids
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
19. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated
Plastids
Hypercholesterolemia
Secondary cell wall
Fat (characteristics)
20. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments
Steriod
Intermediate filaments
5 classes of amino acids
Adherins junctions
21. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.
Denaturation
Glycerol
Clathrin
Gram positive bacteria
22. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Amylose
Hydrolysis
Cadherin
Complimentary bases
23. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.
Purines (identify)
Starch
Extreme thermophiles
Chitin
24. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
Prostaglandin
Secondary cell wall
xtrusion
Cellulose
25. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Functions or proteins
Fibronectin
Aromatic amino acids
Centrosome
26. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH
Integrins
Pinocytosis
Miller - Urey experiment
Hydrolysis
27. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein
Chromosome
Hypercholesterolemia
Keratin
First law of thermodynamics
28. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)
Aromatic amino acids
Extracellular matrix
Countertransport
Charged amino acids
29. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Countertransport
Purines (identify)
Spectrin
Nucleolus
30. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
C - H - O - N - S
Peptide bond
Nucleotide (composition)
Starch
31. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.
Cyanobacteria
Complimentary bases
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Cellulose
32. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
First law of thermodynamics
Bacteria
Fatty acid
Amylopectin
33. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
C - H - O - N - S
Cyanobacteria
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Major categories of macromolecules
34. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience
Chitin
Extracellular matrix
Centrosome
Primary cell wall
35. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
Desmosomes
Collagen
Dynein
Middle lamella
36. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Cytoskeleton
Glycerol
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Phosphdiester bond
37. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Secondary cell wall
Hemidesmosomes
Beta barrel
Plasmodesmata
38. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Cenriole
Extreme halophiles
Microtubules
39. Adenine and Guanine
Purines (identify)
Middle lamella
Hydrolysis
Clathrin
40. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Fat (composition)
Differences between RNA and DNA
Amylopectin
Intermediate filaments
41. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Intermediate filaments
Miller - Urey experiment
Cytoplasm
Integrins
42. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA
Chaperone proteins
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Glycoproteins
Primary level of protein structure
43. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Gram positive bacteria
Glycoproteins
Miller - Urey experiment
Starch
44. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
Clathrin
Hemidesmosomes
Secondary level of protein structure
Beta barrel
45. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Peptidoglycan
Amylose
Starch
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
46. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Methanogens
Desmosomes
Dynein
47. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Plasmodesmata
Alpha glucose ring
C - H - O - N - S
Proteoglycans
48. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction
Bacteriorhodopsin
Hydrolysis
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Glycoproteins
49. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.
Glycerol
Prostaglandin
Nucleolus
Tight junctions
50. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine
Complimentary bases
Dynein
Extracellular matrix
Primary cell wall