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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






2. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






3. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






4. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






5. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






6. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






7. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






8. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






9. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






10. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






11. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






12. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






13. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






14. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






15. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






16. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






17. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






18. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






19. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






20. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






21. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






22. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






23. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






24. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






25. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






26. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






27. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






28. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






29. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






30. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






31. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






32. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






33. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






34. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






35. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






36. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






37. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






38. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






39. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






40. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






41. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






42. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






43. Two simple sugars joined together






44. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






45. Adenine and Guanine






46. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






47. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






48. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






49. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






50. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group