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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The bond between two sugar molecules






2. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






3. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






4. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






5. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






6. Two simple sugars joined together






7. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






8. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






9. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






10. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






11. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






12. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






13. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






14. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






15. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






16. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






17. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






18. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






19. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






20. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






21. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






22. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






23. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






24. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






25. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






26. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






27. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






28. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






29. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






30. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






31. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






32. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






33. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






34. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






35. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






36. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






37. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






38. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






39. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






40. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






41. Adenine and Guanine






42. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






43. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






44. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






45. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






46. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






47. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






48. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






49. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






50. Components of cytoskeleton