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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 30 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






2. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






3. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






4. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






5. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






6. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






7. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






8. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






9. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






10. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






11. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






12. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






13. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






14. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






15. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






16. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






17. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






18. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






19. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






20. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






21. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






22. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






23. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






24. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






25. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






26. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






27. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






28. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






29. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






30. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






31. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






32. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






33. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






34. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






35. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






36. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






37. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






38. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






39. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






40. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






41. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






42. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






43. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






44. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






45. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






46. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






47. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






48. Two simple sugars joined together






49. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






50. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience