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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






2. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






3. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






4. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






5. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






6. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






7. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






8. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






9. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






10. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






11. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






12. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






13. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






14. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






15. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






16. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






17. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






18. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






19. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






20. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






21. Components of cytoskeleton






22. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






23. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






24. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






25. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






26. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






27. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






28. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






29. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






30. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






31. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






32. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






33. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






34. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






35. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






36. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






37. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






38. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






39. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






40. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






41. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






42. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






43. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






44. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






45. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






46. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






47. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






48. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






49. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






50. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group