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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






2. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






3. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






4. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






5. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






6. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






7. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






8. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






9. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






10. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






11. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






12. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






13. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






14. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






15. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






16. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






17. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






18. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






19. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






20. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






21. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






22. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






23. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






24. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






25. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






26. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






27. Adenine and Guanine






28. Two simple sugars joined together






29. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






30. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






31. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






32. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






33. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






34. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






35. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






36. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






37. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






38. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






39. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






40. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






41. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






42. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






43. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






44. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






45. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






46. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






47. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






48. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






49. The bond between two sugar molecules






50. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea