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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






2. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






3. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






4. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






5. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






6. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






7. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






8. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






9. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






10. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






11. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






12. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






13. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






14. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






15. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






16. Adenine and Guanine






17. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






18. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






19. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






20. Components of cytoskeleton






21. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






22. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






23. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






24. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






25. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






26. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






27. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






28. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






29. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






30. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






31. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






32. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






33. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






34. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






35. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






36. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






37. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






38. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






39. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






40. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






41. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






42. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






43. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






44. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






45. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






46. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






47. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






48. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






49. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






50. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells







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