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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






2. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






3. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






4. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






5. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






6. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






7. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






8. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






9. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






10. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






11. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






12. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






13. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






14. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






15. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






16. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






17. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






18. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






19. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






20. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






21. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






22. Components of cytoskeleton






23. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






24. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






25. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






26. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






27. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






28. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






29. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






30. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






31. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






32. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






33. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






34. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






35. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






36. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






37. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






38. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






39. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






40. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






41. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






42. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






43. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






44. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






45. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






46. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






47. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






48. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






49. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






50. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience







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