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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






2. Two simple sugars joined together






3. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






4. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






5. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






6. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






7. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






8. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






9. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






10. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






11. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






12. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






13. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






14. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






15. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






16. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






17. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






18. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






19. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






20. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






21. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






22. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






23. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






24. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






25. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






26. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






27. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






28. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






29. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






30. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






31. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






32. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






33. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






34. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






35. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






36. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






37. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






38. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






39. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






40. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






41. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






42. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






43. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






44. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






45. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






46. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






47. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






48. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






49. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






50. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA