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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






2. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






3. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






4. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






5. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






6. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






7. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






8. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






9. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






10. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






11. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






12. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






13. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






14. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






15. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






16. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






17. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






18. The bond between two sugar molecules






19. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






20. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






21. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






22. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






23. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






24. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






25. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






26. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






27. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






28. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






29. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






30. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






31. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






32. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






33. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






34. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






35. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






36. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






37. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






38. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






39. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






40. Two simple sugars joined together






41. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






42. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






43. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






44. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






45. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






46. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






47. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






48. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






49. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






50. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria