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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Polar uncharged amino acids
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Desmosomes
2. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Aromatic amino acids
Archaebacteria
Desmosomes
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
3. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Peptidoglycan
Alpha glucose ring
Secondary cell wall
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
4. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Bacteria
Integrins
Bacteriorhodopsin
5. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells
Keratin
Microtubules
Beta glucose ring
Extreme thermophiles
6. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Bacteria
First law of thermodynamics
Nonpolar amino acids
Pyrimidines (identify)
7. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
Peptide bond
Prokaryote
Differences between RNA and DNA
Cytoskeleton
8. Components of cytoskeleton
Disaccharide
Charged amino acids
Cytoskeleton
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
9. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Secondary level of protein structure
xtrusion
Tight junctions
Fatty acid
10. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience
Extracellular matrix
Differences between RNA and DNA
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Phospholipid (composition)
11. The bond between two sugar molecules
Functions or proteins
Secondary cell wall
Glycosidic bond
Purines (identify)
12. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Prostaglandin
Fatty acid
Hydrolysis
13. Adenine and Guanine
Cellulose
Purines (identify)
Denaturation
Keratin
14. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Keratin
Dynein
Centrosome
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
15. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Fat (composition)
DNA (location)
Clathrin
16. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today
Peptidoglycan
Countertransport
Miller - Urey experiment
Methanogens
17. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis
Centrosome
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Chromosome
Bacteriorhodopsin
18. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Cell Theory
Desmosomes
Amylopectin
Miller - Urey experiment
19. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Major categories of macromolecules
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Plasmodesmata
Pyrimidines (identify)
20. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Fat (characteristics)
Functions or proteins
First law of thermodynamics
Central vacuole
21. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Glycerol
Fatty acid
xtrusion
Cyanobacteria
22. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Tight junctions
Quaternary level of protein structure
Purines (characteristics)
23. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
Glycerol
Nucleolus
Differences between RNA and DNA
Cell Theory
24. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Tight junctions
Extracellular matrix
Peptide bond
Hydrocarbons
25. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Phosphdiester bond
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Glycerol
Cadherin
26. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Charged amino acids
Proteoglycans
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Purines (characteristics)
27. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles
Extreme halophiles
Centrosome
Rossman fold
Peptide bond
28. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Pinocytosis
Cenriole
Intermediate filaments
Gap junction
29. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.
Fatty acid
Prostaglandin
Phosphdiester bond
Integrins
30. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Glycosidic bond
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Phospholipid (composition)
Hydrocarbons
31. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.
Glycosidic bond
Glycolipids
Chitin
Intermediate filaments
32. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Flagellum
Hydrocarbons
Beta barrel
Beta glucose ring
33. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Adherins junctions
Chromosome
Dynein
Amylose
34. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Cell Theory
Cytoplasm
Hydrocarbons
Primary level of protein structure
35. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
Secondary cell wall
xtrusion
Primary cell wall
Proteoglycans
36. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Monosaccharide
Nucleolus
37. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Plastids
First law of thermodynamics
Centrosome
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
38. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Microtubules
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Intermediate filaments
Special function amino acids
39. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Fat (composition)
Anchoring junction
Rossman fold
40. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein
Chromosome
Purines (identify)
Extreme halophiles
First law of thermodynamics
41. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport
Extracellular matrix
Kinesin
Bacteria
Prokaryote
42. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated
Fat (characteristics)
Dehydration synthesis
Steriod
Centrosome
43. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Cyanobacteria
Kinesin
Major categories of macromolecules
Amino acid (composition)
44. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
Plastids
Aromatic amino acids
Plasmodesmata
Differences between RNA and DNA
45. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.
Cellulose
Glycosidic bond
Denaturation
Purines (characteristics)
46. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Nucleotide (composition)
Plasmodesmata
47. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves
Plastids
Disaccharide
Chromosome
Tight junctions
48. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA
Amino acid (composition)
Primary level of protein structure
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Adherins junctions
49. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)
Quaternary level of protein structure
DNA (location)
Intermediate filaments
Hypercholesterolemia
50. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
Fat (composition)
Pyrimidines (identify)
Desmosomes
Penicillin (mechanism of action)