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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adenine and Guanine






2. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






3. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






4. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






5. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






6. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






7. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






8. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






9. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






10. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






11. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






12. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






13. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






14. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






15. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






16. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






17. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






18. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






19. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






20. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






21. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






22. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






23. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






24. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






25. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






26. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






27. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






28. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






29. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






30. The bond between two sugar molecules






31. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






32. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






33. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






34. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






35. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






36. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






37. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






38. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






39. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






40. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






41. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






42. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






43. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






44. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






45. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






46. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






47. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






48. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






49. Two simple sugars joined together






50. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane







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