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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






2. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






3. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






4. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






5. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






6. Two simple sugars joined together






7. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






8. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






9. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






10. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






11. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






12. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






13. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






14. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






15. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






16. The bond between two sugar molecules






17. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






18. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






19. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






20. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






21. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






22. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






23. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






24. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






25. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






26. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






27. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






28. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






29. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






30. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






31. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






32. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






33. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






34. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






35. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






36. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






37. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






38. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






39. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






40. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






41. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






42. Components of cytoskeleton






43. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






44. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






45. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






46. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






47. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






48. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






49. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






50. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics