SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
Cell Theory
Cytoplasm
Gap junction
Starch
2. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Bacteriorhodopsin
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Clathrin
3. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Bacteriorhodopsin
Charged amino acids
Functions or proteins
Gap junction
4. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine
Pyrimidines (identify)
Tight junctions
Glycosidic bond
Disaccharide
5. The bond between two sugar molecules
Glycosidic bond
Alpha glucose ring
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Intermediate filaments
6. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support
Adherins junctions
Cellulose
Methanogens
Secondary cell wall
7. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments
Kinesin
Intermediate filaments
Purines (characteristics)
Extreme halophiles
8. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein
Chromosome
Primary cell wall
Phosphdiester bond
Chaperone proteins
9. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
Cytoplasm
Glycolipids
Polar uncharged amino acids
Cytoskeleton
10. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Plasmodesmata
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Central vacuole
11. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Glycerol
Aromatic amino acids
Bacteria
First law of thermodynamics
12. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
Desmosomes
First law of thermodynamics
Gram positive bacteria
Primary level of protein structure
13. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction
xtrusion
Dehydration synthesis
Miller - Urey experiment
Cytoplasm
14. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Hemidesmosomes
Prokaryote
Flagellum
Alpha glucose ring
15. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Cytoplasm
Fat (characteristics)
Proteoglycans
Miller - Urey experiment
16. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
Cytoplasm
5 classes of amino acids
Anchoring junction
Phospholipid (composition)
17. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)
Glycoproteins
Fibronectin
Central vacuole
Countertransport
18. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport
Hydrolysis
Dynein
Peptidoglycan
Phosphdiester bond
19. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
ATP (composition)
Central vacuole
Nucleolus
Intermediate filaments
20. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Amylose
Middle lamella
Fat (composition)
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
21. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
xtrusion
Fat (characteristics)
Purines (characteristics)
Starch
22. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers
Clathrin
Prokaryote
Primary level of protein structure
Glycolipids
23. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Extreme halophiles
Domains
Collagen
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
24. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane
Cadherin
Fat (composition)
Nucleotide (composition)
Fibronectin
25. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
ATP (composition)
Tight junctions
Anchoring junction
Aromatic amino acids
26. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out
Antiport
Glycogen
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Fat (characteristics)
27. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi
Primary cell wall
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Cenriole
28. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Major categories of macromolecules
Hydrolysis
Glycogen
Tertiaty level of protein structure
29. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Nonpolar amino acids
Cytoskeleton
Quaternary level of protein structure
Nucleotide (composition)
30. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior
Amino acid (composition)
Glycogen
Integrins
Peptidoglycan
31. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Peptide bond
Nucleotide (composition)
Collagen
Secondary cell wall
32. Adenine and Guanine
Purines (identify)
Special function amino acids
Proteoglycans
Pyrimidines (identify)
33. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Fat (characteristics)
Glycerol
Phospholipid (composition)
Domains
34. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Cytoplasm
Polar uncharged amino acids
Aromatic amino acids
Cellulose
35. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Gram positive bacteria
C - H - O - N - S
Purines (identify)
36. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Functions or proteins
Anchoring junction
Pyrimidines (identify)
37. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Glycerol
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Cell Theory
Amylopectin
38. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Pinocytosis
Anchoring junction
Hydrocarbons
Proteoglycans
39. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Charged amino acids
Nucleolus
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Cytoplasm
40. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction
Motifs
Archaebacteria
Glycoproteins
Amylose
41. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
Cytoplasm
Glycogen
Functions or proteins
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
42. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
Hypercholesterolemia
Chitin
Beta glucose ring
Alpha glucose ring
43. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution
Monosaccharide
Motifs
Nucleolus
Hemidesmosomes
44. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.
Cell Theory
Hydrolysis
Aromatic amino acids
Steriod
45. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Spectrin
Differences between RNA and DNA
xtrusion
Pyrimidines (identify)
46. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Primary level of protein structure
Gram positive bacteria
Fatty acid
Adherins junctions
47. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves
ATP (composition)
Plastids
Purines (identify)
Prokaryote
48. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium
Anchoring junction
Nonpolar amino acids
Disaccharide
Steriod
49. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).
Peptidoglycan
Dehydration synthesis
DNA (location)
Starch
50. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
Glycoproteins
Desmosomes
Nucleotide (composition)
Nucleolus