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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






2. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






3. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






4. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






5. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






6. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






7. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






8. Components of cytoskeleton






9. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






10. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






11. The bond between two sugar molecules






12. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






13. Adenine and Guanine






14. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






15. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






16. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






17. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






18. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






19. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






20. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






21. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






22. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






23. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






24. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






25. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






26. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






27. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






28. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






29. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






30. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






31. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






32. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






33. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






34. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






35. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






36. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






37. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






38. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






39. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






40. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






41. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






42. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






43. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






44. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






45. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






46. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






47. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






48. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






49. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






50. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells