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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






2. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






3. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






4. Two simple sugars joined together






5. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






6. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






7. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






8. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






9. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






10. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






11. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






12. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






13. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






14. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






15. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






16. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






17. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






18. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






19. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






20. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






21. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






22. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






23. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






24. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






25. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






26. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






27. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






28. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






29. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






30. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






31. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






32. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






33. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






34. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






35. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






36. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






37. The bond between two sugar molecules






38. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






39. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






40. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






41. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






42. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






43. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






44. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






45. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






46. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






47. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






48. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






49. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






50. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells







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