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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






2. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






3. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






4. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






5. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






6. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






7. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






8. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






9. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






10. Two simple sugars joined together






11. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






12. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






13. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






14. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






15. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






16. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






17. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






18. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






19. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






20. Adenine and Guanine






21. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






22. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






23. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






24. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






25. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






26. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






27. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






28. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






29. Components of cytoskeleton






30. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






31. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






32. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






33. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






34. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet






35. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






36. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






37. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






38. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






39. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






40. The bond between two sugar molecules






41. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






42. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






43. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






44. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






45. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






46. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






47. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






48. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






49. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






50. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine