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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






2. Two simple sugars joined together






3. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






4. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






5. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






6. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






7. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






8. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






9. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






10. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






11. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






12. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






13. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






14. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






15. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






16. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






17. Components of cytoskeleton






18. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






19. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






20. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






21. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






22. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






23. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






24. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






25. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






26. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






27. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






28. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






29. Adenine and Guanine






30. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






31. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






32. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






33. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






34. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






35. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






36. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






37. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






38. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






39. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






40. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






41. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






42. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






43. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






44. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






45. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






46. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






47. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






48. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






49. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






50. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells