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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






2. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






3. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






4. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






5. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






6. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






7. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






8. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






9. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






10. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






11. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






12. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






13. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






14. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






15. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






16. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






17. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






18. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






19. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






20. The bond between two sugar molecules






21. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






22. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






23. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






24. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






25. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






26. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






27. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






28. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






29. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






30. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






31. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






32. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






33. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






34. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






35. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






36. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






37. Two simple sugars joined together






38. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






39. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






40. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






41. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






42. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






43. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






44. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






45. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






46. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






47. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






48. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






49. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






50. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain