Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






2. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






3. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






4. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






5. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






6. Two simple sugars joined together






7. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






8. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






9. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






10. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






11. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






12. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






13. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






14. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






15. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






16. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






17. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






18. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






19. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






20. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






21. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






22. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






23. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






24. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






25. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






26. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






27. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






28. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






29. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






30. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






31. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






32. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






33. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






34. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






35. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






36. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






37. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






38. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






39. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






40. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






41. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






42. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






43. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






44. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






45. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






46. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






47. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






48. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






49. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






50. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution