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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






2. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






3. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






4. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






5. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






6. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






7. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






8. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






9. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






10. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






11. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






12. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






13. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






14. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






15. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






16. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






17. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






18. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






19. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






20. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






21. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






22. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






23. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






24. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






25. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






26. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






27. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






28. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






29. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






30. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






31. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






32. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






33. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






34. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






35. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






36. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






37. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






38. Components of cytoskeleton






39. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






40. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






41. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






42. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






43. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






44. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






45. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






46. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






47. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






48. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






49. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






50. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells