Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






2. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






3. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






4. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






5. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






6. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






7. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






8. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






9. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






10. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






11. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






12. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






13. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






14. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






15. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






16. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






17. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






18. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






19. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






20. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






21. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






22. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






23. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






24. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






25. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






26. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






27. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






28. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






29. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






30. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






31. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






32. The bond between two sugar molecules






33. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






34. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






35. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)






36. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






37. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






38. Adenine and Guanine






39. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






40. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






41. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






42. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






43. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






44. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






45. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






46. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






47. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






48. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






49. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






50. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine