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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






2. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






3. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






4. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






5. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms






6. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






7. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






8. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells






9. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






10. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






11. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






12. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






13. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






14. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






15. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






16. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






17. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






18. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine






19. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






20. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






21. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






22. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






23. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






24. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






25. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






26. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






27. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






28. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






29. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






30. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






31. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






32. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






33. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






34. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






35. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






36. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






37. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






38. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi






39. Components of cytoskeleton






40. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






41. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






42. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






43. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






44. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






45. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






46. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






47. A structural starch that is a string of beta glucose molecules; it is the chief structural component of plant cell walls. Starch - degrading enzymes that occur in most organisms cannot break the bond between two beta - glucose molecules.






48. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






49. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






50. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells