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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
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Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adenine and Guanine
Adherins junctions
Glycolipids
Purines (identify)
Peptide bond
2. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
Dynein
Desmosomes
Special function amino acids
Denaturation
3. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Beta glucose ring
Adherins junctions
Cenriole
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
4. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Fatty acid
Cyanobacteria
Functions or proteins
Aromatic amino acids
5. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Peptide bond
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Monosaccharide
Quaternary level of protein structure
6. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria
Prokaryote
Glycolipids
Hydrolysis
Gram positive bacteria
7. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Fatty acid
Peptidoglycan
8. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH
Plasmodesmata
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Peptide bond
Hydrolysis
9. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Cadherin
Primary cell wall
Quaternary level of protein structure
Flagellum
10. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
Glycogen
Cell Theory
Amylose
Central vacuole
11. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen
Phosphdiester bond
Domains
Primary cell wall
Cyanobacteria
12. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
Disaccharide
Adherins junctions
Fat (characteristics)
ATP (composition)
13. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Spectrin
Phospholipid (composition)
14. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
Primary cell wall
Glycosidic bond
Purines (characteristics)
Bacteriorhodopsin
15. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Fatty acid
Aromatic amino acids
Centrosome
Glycoproteins
16. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane
Clathrin
Bacteriorhodopsin
Peptidoglycan
Aromatic amino acids
17. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
Steriod
5 classes of amino acids
Hemidesmosomes
Amylopectin
18. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Nucleolus
Rossman fold
Bacteriorhodopsin
Gram positive bacteria
19. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Cytoplasm
Purines (characteristics)
Fibronectin
Methanogens
20. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments
Nucleolus
Intermediate filaments
Pyrimidines (identify)
Tight junctions
21. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport
Phospholipid (composition)
Hydrocarbons
Dynein
Nucleotide (composition)
22. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists
Primary cell wall
Hydrocarbons
Steriod
Nucleotide (composition)
23. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis
Functions or proteins
Starch
Bacteria
Bacteriorhodopsin
24. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
Plasmodesmata
Purines (characteristics)
xtrusion
Nucleotide (composition)
25. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures
Chaperone proteins
Pinocytosis
Alpha glucose ring
Primary cell wall
26. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
5 classes of amino acids
Centrosome
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Purines (characteristics)
27. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Dehydration synthesis
Tight junctions
Chromosome
28. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Nucleolus
Cytoskeleton
Aromatic amino acids
Amino acid (composition)
29. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells
C - H - O - N - S
Nonpolar amino acids
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Keratin
30. The bond between two sugar molecules
Cytoplasm
Glycosidic bond
Gram positive bacteria
Clathrin
31. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Phospholipid (composition)
Fat (composition)
Cytoplasm
32. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior
Integrins
Functions or proteins
Glycoproteins
Bacteriorhodopsin
33. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Spectrin
Chaperone proteins
Methanogens
Glycerol
34. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience
Extreme halophiles
Extracellular matrix
Amylopectin
Cadherin
35. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
Hypercholesterolemia
xtrusion
Methanogens
Spectrin
36. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Fat (characteristics)
Flagellum
Monosaccharide
37. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Phospholipid (composition)
Nucleolus
Primary cell wall
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
38. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Proteoglycans
Pyrimidines (identify)
Bacteriorhodopsin
C - H - O - N - S
39. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated
Hydrolysis
Disaccharide
Secondary level of protein structure
Fat (characteristics)
40. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling
C - H - O - N - S
Disaccharide
Microtubules
Cytoskeleton
41. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Adherins junctions
Collagen
Special function amino acids
Glycoproteins
42. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support
xtrusion
Aromatic amino acids
Integrins
Secondary cell wall
43. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Cytoplasm
Plastids
Peptidoglycan
44. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
Peptide bond
Middle lamella
Cyanobacteria
Alpha glucose ring
45. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Archaebacteria
Spectrin
Hydrocarbons
Cytoskeleton
46. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Pinocytosis
Aromatic amino acids
Special function amino acids
5 classes of amino acids
47. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Motifs
Chaperone proteins
Amylose
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
48. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Chitin
Proteoglycans
Secondary cell wall
49. Two simple sugars joined together
Fat (characteristics)
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Disaccharide
Primary cell wall
50. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane
Peptide bond
Glycogen
Desmosomes
Fibronectin
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