Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adenine and Guanine






2. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






3. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






4. Components of cytoskeleton






5. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material






6. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






7. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






8. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






9. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group






10. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






11. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






12. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






13. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






14. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






15. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction






16. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






17. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter






18. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






19. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






20. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






21. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






22. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






23. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






24. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






25. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






26. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






27. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






28. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






29. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






30. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






31. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






32. Two simple sugars joined together






33. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






34. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






35. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






36. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






37. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






38. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






39. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






40. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






41. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane






42. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






43. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






44. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






45. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






46. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






47. Chlorophyll containing bacteria that played an important role in increasing the concentration of oxygen






48. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






49. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






50. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids