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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






2. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






3. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






4. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion






5. Mechanically attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeletons of other cells or to the extracellular matrix. Common in tissues experiencing mechanical stress - eg muscle and skin epithelium






6. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






7. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






8. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






9. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






10. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






11. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






12. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






13. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






14. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane






15. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






16. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






17. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






18. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






19. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






20. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions






21. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine






22. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






23. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






24. The bond between two sugar molecules






25. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






26. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






27. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






28. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






29. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






30. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






31. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






32. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






33. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






34. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






35. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






36. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






37. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






38. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






39. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






40. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






41. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






42. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






43. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






44. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






45. Most common atoms found in biological molecules






46. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






47. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






48. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






49. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA






50. Two simple sugars joined together