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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane
Fibronectin
Disaccharide
Dehydration synthesis
Extreme thermophiles
2. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution
Collagen
Starch
Monosaccharide
Fibronectin
3. Components of cytoskeleton
Extracellular matrix
Complimentary bases
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Gram positive bacteria
4. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Charged amino acids
Nucleotide (composition)
Collagen
Major categories of macromolecules
5. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Hypercholesterolemia
Secondary cell wall
Phospholipid (composition)
Methanogens
6. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
Charged amino acids
Chitin
C - H - O - N - S
Tertiaty level of protein structure
7. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi
Countertransport
Fat (composition)
Cenriole
Desmosomes
8. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
Hemidesmosomes
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Gram positive bacteria
Purines (characteristics)
9. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet
Motifs
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
C - H - O - N - S
5 classes of amino acids
10. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments
Pinocytosis
Intermediate filaments
Cytoplasm
Plastids
11. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Flagellum
Adherins junctions
Bacteria
Differences between RNA and DNA
12. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells
Disaccharide
Fat (characteristics)
Plasmodesmata
Collagen
13. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Spectrin
Fat (composition)
Chitin
Kinesin
14. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Proteoglycans
Starch
Bacteria
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
15. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Tight junctions
Fat (composition)
Methanogens
Chitin
16. Energy cannot be created or destroyed
First law of thermodynamics
Bacteriorhodopsin
Collagen
Alpha glucose ring
17. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Plasmodesmata
Major categories of macromolecules
Motifs
Peptide bond
18. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Plastids
Cadherin
Denaturation
Amylopectin
19. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves
Amylose
Antiport
Glycosidic bond
Plastids
20. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
Extreme thermophiles
Dehydration synthesis
Glycosidic bond
5 classes of amino acids
21. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
Secondary level of protein structure
Plastids
Collagen
Intermediate filaments
22. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Intermediate filaments
Nucleolus
Monosaccharide
Nonpolar amino acids
23. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Tight junctions
Alpha glucose ring
Bacteria
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
24. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Rossman fold
Central vacuole
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Nucleolus
25. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells
Desmosomes
Monosaccharide
Proteoglycans
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
26. The bond between two sugar molecules
Glycosidic bond
Fatty acid
Archaebacteria
Bacteria
27. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Tight junctions
DNA (location)
Chromosome
Steriod
28. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Beta barrel
Gram positive bacteria
Starch
Peptidoglycan
29. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine
Major categories of macromolecules
Pinocytosis
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Complimentary bases
30. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
ATP (composition)
Prostaglandin
Glycoproteins
31. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Dynein
Primary level of protein structure
Collagen
Cenriole
32. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.
Microtubules
Steriod
Amylose
Beta barrel
33. The exact sequence of amino acids specified by DNA
Primary level of protein structure
Tight junctions
Glycerol
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
34. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Cyanobacteria
Nucleolus
Glycoproteins
Dehydration synthesis
35. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles
Hypercholesterolemia
Central vacuole
Centrosome
Phospholipid (composition)
36. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Collagen
Integrins
Beta glucose ring
Glycerol
37. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).
Beta barrel
Miller - Urey experiment
Glycerol
ATP (composition)
38. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Special function amino acids
Cytoskeleton
Hemidesmosomes
Hydrocarbons
39. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior
Dynein
Integrins
Intermediate filaments
Prostaglandin
40. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.
Tight junctions
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Central vacuole
DNA (location)
41. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Spectrin
Hypercholesterolemia
Central vacuole
Hydrocarbons
42. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today
Methanogens
Phospholipid (composition)
Cellulose
Clathrin
43. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Complimentary bases
Extreme thermophiles
Amylose
Middle lamella
44. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers
Extracellular matrix
Plasmodesmata
Complimentary bases
Glycolipids
45. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Starch
Hydrocarbons
DNA (location)
Prokaryote
46. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.
Motifs
Domains
Prostaglandin
Secondary level of protein structure
47. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.
Bacteria
Chitin
Phospholipid (composition)
ATP (composition)
48. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms
Extreme halophiles
Kinesin
Bacteria
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
49. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Functions or proteins
Amylopectin
Beta barrel
Microtubules
50. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out
Peptide bond
Antiport
Extracellular matrix
Cyanobacteria