Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






2. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






3. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






4. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






5. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






6. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






7. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






8. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






9. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






10. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)






11. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






12. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






13. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






14. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.






15. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix






16. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






17. 1 joule = 0.239 calories






18. Adenine and Guanine






19. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






20. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






21. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






22. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






23. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






24. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






25. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell






26. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.






27. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution






28. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






29. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






30. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists






31. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






32. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






33. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine






34. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells






35. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries






36. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






37. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






38. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






39. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base






40. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






41. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






42. In prokaryotes - most of the genetic material lies in a single circular molecule of DNA that typically resides near the cetner of the cell. In eukaryotes - DNA is contained in the nucleus - which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope.






43. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






44. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






45. The bond between two sugar molecules






46. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






47. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic






48. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






49. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






50. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions