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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






2. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






3. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today






4. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






5. A special motor protein that moves along the microtubule toward the negative end; responsible for rentrograde axoplasmic transport






6. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior






7. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine






8. A modified form of cellulose with a nitrogen group added to the glucose units; structural building material found in arthropods and cell walls of many fungi.






9. Adenine and Guanine






10. Destroys gram - positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan's ability to cross - link the peptides which hold together the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall; water floods bacterial cell and causes it to burst






11. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine






12. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






13. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






14. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA






15. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria






16. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






17. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






18. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell






19. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






20. Two simple sugars joined together






21. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group






22. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein






23. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves






24. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






25. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






26. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits






27. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain






28. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






29. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






30. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids






31. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group






32. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






33. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean






34. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






35. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






36. Eukaryotic cell's internal protein scaffold which provides structural support and is extremely important for organizing the cell's activites; a dynamic system that is constantly forming and disassembling






37. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






38. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out






39. Energy cannot be created or destroyed






40. Glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to the plasma membrane






41. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.






42. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






43. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.






44. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






45. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






46. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers






47. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






48. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






49. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






50. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)







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