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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis
Bacteriorhodopsin
ATP (composition)
Glycogen
Kinesin
2. Two simple sugars joined together
Glycerol
Alpha glucose ring
Complimentary bases
Disaccharide
3. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Peptidoglycan
Flagellum
Nonpolar amino acids
Denaturation
4. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Primary cell wall
Hydrolysis
Tight junctions
5. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Nonpolar amino acids
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Cadherin
Middle lamella
6. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Beta barrel
Differences between RNA and DNA
Charged amino acids
Peptidoglycan
7. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Disaccharide
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Glycerol
Intermediate filaments
8. Components of cytoskeleton
Domains
Beta barrel
Microtubules
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
9. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles
Central vacuole
Glycosidic bond
Centrosome
Miller - Urey experiment
10. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Gram positive bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Spectrin
11. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.
Motifs
Prostaglandin
Secondary cell wall
Gap junction
12. Simple sugars; may be as few as three carbon atoms; those used in energy storage are 6 carbon chains that form rings in solution
Monosaccharide
Peptide bond
Cytoplasm
Gram positive bacteria
13. Large (relative to pyrimidines) double ringed molecules that are found in both DNA and RNA
Purines (characteristics)
Bacteriorhodopsin
First law of thermodynamics
Anchoring junction
14. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane
Cyanobacteria
Clathrin
Differences between RNA and DNA
Secondary level of protein structure
15. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Archaebacteria
Central vacuole
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Prokaryote
16. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior
Countertransport
Fat (composition)
Rossman fold
Integrins
17. The DNA found in cells which transmits hereditary information from one generation to the next; in prokaryotes it is a single naked circle of DNA; in eukaryotes it is a single strand of DNA complexed with protein
Anchoring junction
Peptidoglycan
Chromosome
Denaturation
18. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms
ATP (composition)
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Major categories of macromolecules
Nucleotide (composition)
19. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Domains
Functions or proteins
20. Biological process in which a some single celled prokaryotes collect intracellular water with a contractile vacuole and then pump it out
xtrusion
Adherins junctions
Bacteria
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
21. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)
Cenriole
Prostaglandin
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Countertransport
22. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Dehydration synthesis
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Anchoring junction
Prostaglandin
23. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
Secondary level of protein structure
Monosaccharide
Nucleolus
Anchoring junction
24. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane
DNA (location)
Hemidesmosomes
Intermediate filaments
Pyrimidines (identify)
25. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria
Prokaryote
Nonpolar amino acids
Cyanobacteria
Central vacuole
26. Proteins - lipids - carbohydrates - nucleic acids
Flagellum
Primary level of protein structure
Bacteriorhodopsin
Major categories of macromolecules
27. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Motifs
Prokaryote
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
28. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
Cyanobacteria
Dehydration synthesis
Middle lamella
Functions or proteins
29. 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) bound to a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
Nucleotide (composition)
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Cell Theory
30. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Denaturation
Keratin
Nucleolus
Differences between RNA and DNA
31. A combination of secondary structure bonding that forms characteristic patterns within protein strucure - such as the alpha - helix and the beta - pleated sheet
Motifs
Purines (characteristics)
Cytoplasm
Hydrolysis
32. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
Hydrolysis
Central vacuole
Hypercholesterolemia
Prostaglandin
33. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells
Plasmodesmata
Amylose
Peptide bond
Complimentary bases
34. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Secondary level of protein structure
Hydrocarbons
Amino acid (composition)
35. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Extreme halophiles
Pinocytosis
Anchoring junction
Intermediate filaments
36. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Glycosidic bond
Fibronectin
Flagellum
Functions or proteins
37. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.
Phosphdiester bond
Complimentary bases
Hydrolysis
Adherins junctions
38. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Countertransport
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Aromatic amino acids
First law of thermodynamics
39. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Beta glucose ring
Chaperone proteins
Disaccharide
Bacteria
40. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves
5 classes of amino acids
Secondary cell wall
Plastids
Methanogens
41. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells
Gap junction
Centrosome
Peptide bond
Intermediate filaments
42. A hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxyl group.
Extracellular matrix
Fatty acid
Primary level of protein structure
Nucleotide (composition)
43. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Starch
Cenriole
Flagellum
Charged amino acids
44. The bond between two sugar molecules
Glycosidic bond
Plasmodesmata
Bacteria
Cadherin
45. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Desmosomes
ATP (composition)
Cytoplasm
Dehydration synthesis
46. The final folded shape of a globular protein -- positions folds nonpolar side groups within the interior
Rossman fold
Tertiaty level of protein structure
Integrins
Glycoproteins
47. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the same plane as the methanol group
Beta glucose ring
Bacteriorhodopsin
Denaturation
Amylopectin
48. A type of anchoring junction that connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells
Tight junctions
Amino acid (composition)
Adherins junctions
Desmosomes
49. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Disaccharide
5 classes of amino acids
Phospholipid (composition)
Alpha glucose ring
50. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine
Prostaglandin
Peptidoglycan
Cytoskeleton
Complimentary bases