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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adenine --- Thymine (DNA) - Adenine --- Uracil (RNA) - Guanine --- Cytosine
Complimentary bases
Miller - Urey experiment
Pinocytosis
Intermediate filaments
2. The animal version of starch. An insoluble polysaccharide containing branched amylose chaings. (chain length is much greater than starch and there are more branches)
Disaccharide
Glycogen
Intermediate filaments
Adherins junctions
3. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.
Prostaglandin
Kinesin
First law of thermodynamics
Secondary level of protein structure
4. A three carbon alcohol in which each carbon is attached to a hydroxyl group
Beta barrel
Plastids
Collagen
Glycerol
5. A form of endocytosis where an animal cell engulfs liquid matter
Extreme thermophiles
Pinocytosis
Glycosidic bond
Peptide bond
6. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
Cell Theory
Hemidesmosomes
Glycerol
Hypercholesterolemia
7. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today
Cenriole
Quaternary level of protein structure
Methanogens
Fatty acid
8. A glucose ring formed with the hydroxyl group in the opposite plane of the methanol group
Pyrimidines (identify)
Alpha glucose ring
Aromatic amino acids
Peptide bond
9. (CH2O)n - n = number of carbon atoms
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
Methanogens
Complimentary bases
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
10. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane
Hemidesmosomes
Chaperone proteins
Primary level of protein structure
Dehydration synthesis
11. 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the smallest living things - the basic units of organization of all organmisms 3. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
Phosphdiester bond
Peptide bond
Hydrocarbons
Cell Theory
12. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction
Fibronectin
Glycoproteins
Methanogens
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
13. The second major group of prokaryotes that have very strong cell walls and are photosynthetic
Bacteria
Hemidesmosomes
Intermediate filaments
Kinesin
14. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support
Fatty acid
Primary level of protein structure
Flagellum
Secondary cell wall
15. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out
Desmosomes
Antiport
Fatty acid
Dehydration synthesis
16. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience
Extreme thermophiles
Extracellular matrix
Proteoglycans
Major categories of macromolecules
17. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Kinesin
Central vacuole
Methanogens
Nucleotide (composition)
18. Most common atoms found in biological molecules
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Extreme halophiles
C - H - O - N - S
Fibronectin
19. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells
Amylose
Secondary level of protein structure
Middle lamella
Keratin
20. The bond between two sugar molecules
Glycosidic bond
Anchoring junction
Gram positive bacteria
First law of thermodynamics
21. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Peptide bond
Integrins
ATP (composition)
Gram positive bacteria
22. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen
Dynein
Hydrocarbons
Keratin
Microtubules
23. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites
Nucleotide (composition)
Rossman fold
Extreme halophiles
Cytoskeleton
24. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Chromosome
Purines (characteristics)
Keratin
Special function amino acids
25. Transmembrane proteins that play an important role in cell - cell adhesion; their function is dependent upon calcium; vertebrate migration of neurons is affected by which type of this protein is expressed on the cell's plasma membrane
Cadherin
Plastids
Tight junctions
Middle lamella
26. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells
Gap junction
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Amino acid (composition)
Archaebacteria
27. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated
Countertransport
Glycogen
Integrins
Fat (characteristics)
28. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane
Clathrin
xtrusion
ATP (composition)
Charged amino acids
29. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists
Peptide bond
Primary cell wall
Kinesin
Alpha glucose ring
30. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group
Collagen
ATP (composition)
Glycoproteins
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
31. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Gap junction
Cytoplasm
Phosphdiester bond
Glycoproteins
32. 1 joule = 0.239 calories
Hypercholesterolemia
Primary cell wall
Joule <--> Calorie (conversion)
Purines (characteristics)
33. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells
Centrosome
Hydrocarbons
Glycoproteins
Plasmodesmata
34. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)
Rossman fold
Peptidoglycan
Differences between RNA and DNA
Phosphdiester bond
35. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Miller - Urey experiment
Clathrin
Beta barrel
Extreme halophiles
36. They connect the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in a sheet - preventing molecules from leaking between the cells.
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
C - H - O - N - S
Cytoplasm
Tight junctions
37. Two simple sugars joined together
Rossman fold
Disaccharide
Spectrin
Gram positive bacteria
38. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Glycogen
Peptide bond
Amino acid (composition)
Central vacuole
39. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Spectrin
Complimentary bases
Rossman fold
Amylose
40. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)
Gap junction
Domains
Gram positive bacteria
Complimentary bases
41. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement
Plastids
Primary cell wall
Monosaccharide
Microtubules
42. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Alpha glucose ring
Archaebacteria
Fat (composition)
Cellulose
43. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments
Collagen
ATP (composition)
Nonpolar amino acids
Intermediate filaments
44. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers
Glycolipids
Steriod
Hydrocarbons
Extracellular matrix
45. A type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells
Beta glucose ring
Adherins junctions
Anchoring junction
Keratin
46. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Motifs
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Purines (characteristics)
Fat (composition)
47. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Chaperone proteins
Extreme thermophiles
Primary level of protein structure
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
48. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Spectrin
Cytoskeleton
Fat (composition)
Chitin
49. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Amylopectin
Cytoplasm
Bacteriorhodopsin
Disaccharide
50. Level of protein structure that is formed by the hydrogen bonds between the polar side groups of the main chain
First law of thermodynamics
Denaturation
5 classes of amino acids
Secondary level of protein structure