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MCAT Biology 3

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Composed of connexons; creates a channel that connects the cytoplasm of two cells






2. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine






3. Energy rich molecules that consist only of carbon and hydrogen






4. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules






5. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated






6. A special motor protien that moves along the microtubule toward its positive end; in most cells this movement is from the center to the periphery - in the axon it is anterograde transport






7. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH






8. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure






9. A carrier protein that simultaneously moves one molecule in as it moves another out






10. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline






11. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine






12. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics






13. Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane






14. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production






15. The inward movement of one molecule is coupled with the outward movement of another (across the cell membrane)






16. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM






17. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group






18. Insoluble polysaccharides made by plants that are formed stricly from glucose (alpha form).






19. Proteins that are anchored in and pass through the plasma membrane; attached to the cytoskeleton on the interior and to the ECM on the exterior






20. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains






21. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA






22. The most stable and durable element of cytoskeletal structure; includes vimentin - keratin - and neurofilaments






23. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton






24. A lipid that is composed of 4 fused carbon rings - commonly found in cell membranes.






25. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.






26. The connection beteween two plasma membranes of plant cells






27. Glycoproteins that forms a complex web that forms a protective layer of the surface of animal cells






28. Adenine and Guanine






29. Ancient prokaryotes that survive in extreme anaerobic conditions - such as deap sea vents; they lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls






30. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)






31. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea






32. Proteins that help another protein fold properly; elevated levels of this protein are found when the cell is exposed to elevated temperatures






33. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles






34. The unfolding of a protein caused by a shift in pH - ion concentration - or temperature.






35. Responsible for moving organelles within a cell - also facilitate cell movement






36. A group of about 20 lipids that are modified fatty acids - 5- carbon ring w/ 2 nonpolar tails.






37. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol






38. 5- carbon sugar - adenine - and a tri - phosphate group






39. Term for the beta - alpha - beta motif that is found at the core of nuceotide binding sites






40. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function






41. A sticky substance that acts as a glue between the primary cell walls of plant cells






42. A structure that some fully expanded plant cells produce; provides very strong structural support






43. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience






44. Level of protein structure that involves the association of two more more separate polypeptide chains (the individual chains are referred to as subunits)






45. 7 pass transmembrane protein in bacteria that carries out photosynthesis






46. Two simple sugars joined together






47. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction






48. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)






49. Two scientists attempted to reproduce the condition of the (assumed) earth's primitive ocean's under a reducing atmosphere. They produced some of the key molecules to life (amino acids and nucleotides).






50. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists