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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nonpolar - polar uncharged - charged - aromatic (nonpolar and polar uncharged) - special function
Nucleotide (composition)
5 classes of amino acids
Special function amino acids
Fibronectin
2. Glycine - Serine - Threonine - Asparagine - Glutamine
Beta barrel
Quaternary level of protein structure
Dynein
Polar uncharged amino acids
3. Protein found in RBCs that cause their characteristic biconclave shape; connects proteins in the plasma membrane with actin in the cytoskeleton
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Spectrin
Kinesin
Primary level of protein structure
4. Gram positive bacteria have a think - single - layered cell wall that retains the dye used in Gram - staining. Penicillin only works on gram - positive bacteria.
Nucleotide (composition)
Gram positive bacteria
Cytoskeleton
Chaperone proteins
5. A cellular structure that aids in the assembly of microtubules; lacking in cells of plants and fungi
Centrosome
Archaebacteria
Cenriole
Nucleotide (composition)
6. Two simple sugars joined together
Glycosidic bond
Hemidesmosomes
Disaccharide
Phospholipid (composition)
7. Responsible for cellular movments like contraction - crawling - pinching during division or cytosis - and formation of cellular extensions
Antiport
Collagen
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Glycolipids
8. Not soluble in water - the more unsaturated the lower the MP - energy rich (more than twice that of carbohydrates) - animals produce saturated while most plants produce unsaturated
Glycoproteins
Penicillin (mechanism of action)
Fat (characteristics)
Denaturation
9. A semi - fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
Charged amino acids
Hypercholesterolemia
Cytoplasm
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
10. A network of integrins that connects the actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extra cellular matrix
Adherins junctions
Secondary level of protein structure
Extreme halophiles
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
11. A cluster in the nucleus of ribosomal RNA genes - ribosomal proteins - and the RNAs they produce: it is the site of mass ribosome production
Hypercholesterolemia
Fat (characteristics)
Nucleolus
C - H - O - N - S
12. Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Gram positive bacteria
Glycosidic bond
First law of thermodynamics
Archaebacteria
13. The manner in which all macromolecules are assembled -- water is a product of the reaction
Purines (characteristics)
Plasmodesmata
Domains
Dehydration synthesis
14. The sugar in RNA contains an extra hydroxyl group and RNA uses uracil instead of thymine
Alpha glucose ring
Quaternary level of protein structure
Differences between RNA and DNA
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
15. Large - membrane bound sac in plant cells that stores proteins - pigments - and waste material
Glycoproteins
Chitin
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Central vacuole
16. The bond between two sugar molecules
Glycosidic bond
Prokaryote
Kinesin
xtrusion
17. Phenyalanine - Tryptophan - Tyrosine
Disaccharide
Alpha glucose ring
Aromatic amino acids
Peptide bond
18. Archaebacteria that live in very salty environments - such as the Dead Sea
Flagellum
Monosaccharide
Extreme halophiles
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
19. The bond between the hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another.
Adherins junctions
Phosphdiester bond
Special function amino acids
Primary level of protein structure
20. Cysteine - Methionine - Proline
Aromatic amino acids
Special function amino acids
Complimentary bases
Dynein
21. Laid down when a plant cell is still growing; composed of chitin in fungi and cellulose in plants and protists
Integrins
Anchoring junction
Primary cell wall
Alpha glucose ring
22. Consist of a central carbon bound to an amino group - a carboxylic acid - a hydrogen atom - and an R group
Amino acid (composition)
Secondary cell wall
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Primary level of protein structure
23. Function section of a protein that is able to fold independently of the other sections - encoded by exons (functional sections of a gene)
Domains
Denaturation
Purines (identify)
Fibronectin
24. Small single - celled organisms that lack a definite nucleus and distinct interior compartments; they are encased within a rigid cell wall. Two main groups are archaebactera and bacteria
Starch
Central vacuole
Prokaryote
Carbohydrates (empirical formula)
25. A common feature of porin proteins; beta sheets that forma characteristic motif where the sheets form a barrel - like structure
Cenriole
Starch
Collagen
Beta barrel
26. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules
Amylose
Amylopectin
Nonpolar amino acids
Quaternary level of protein structure
27. A protein cross - linked carbohydrate that is a key compound in the cell walls of most modern prokaryotes (bacteria)
Fatty acid
Peptidoglycan
Glycosidic bond
Kinesin
28. Small single - ringed structures: cytosine found in both DNA and RNA - uracil found in RNA - and thymine found in DNA
Amylose
Pyrimidines (characteristics)
Proteoglycans
Glycerol
29. Anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane
Plastids
Hydrocarbons
Cytoplasm
Hemidesmosomes
30. Glutamic acid - Aspartic acid - Histidine - Lysine - Argenine
Charged amino acids
Amylopectin
Pyrimidines (identify)
Cell Theory
31. The matrix of glycoproteins that animal cells deposit outside the plasma membrane which provide support - strength - and resilience
Actin (functions in cytoskeleton)
Nucleotide (composition)
Extracellular matrix
Peptide bond
32. Alanine - Valine - Leucine - Isoleucine
Dynein
Intermediate filaments
Extreme thermophiles
Nonpolar amino acids
33. Glycerol attached to a phosphate group and two fatty acid chains
Secondary cell wall
Fibronectin
Phospholipid (composition)
Microtubules
34. Archaebacteria that live in extermely hot environments - such as hydrothermal vents under the ocean
Extreme thermophiles
xtrusion
DNA (location)
Primary cell wall
35. Methane - producing archaebacteria - one of the most primitive archaebacteria that are alive today
Hemidesmosomes
Nucleotide (composition)
Methanogens
Countertransport
36. Long - threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used for locomotion
Fatty acid
Flagellum
Rossman fold
Spectrin
37. In eukaryotes - found extracellularly and involved with tissue recognition - eg ABO blood group markers
Glycolipids
ATP (composition)
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Beta barrel
38. Most abundant protein found in vertebrate body; forms matrix of skin - ligaments - tendons - and bones; found in the ECM
Collagen
Anchoring junction
Peptidoglycan
Disaccharide
39. Organelles found in plants and algae that perform photosynthesis and act as storage units; they all arise from the division of themselves
Proteoglycans
Extracellular matrix
Plastids
Complimentary bases
40. Cytosine - Uracile - Thymine
Proteoglycans
Functions or proteins
Extracellular matrix
Pyrimidines (identify)
41. Manner in which macromolecules are broken down -- water is separated into H and OH
Cyanobacteria
Hydrolysis
Fat (composition)
Amino acid (composition)
42. Components of cytoskeleton
Countertransport
Actin - microtubules - intermediate filaments
Peptidoglycan
Fat (characteristics)
43. Glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids. Also called triglyceride or triacylglycerol
Amylopectin
Domains
Methanogens
Fat (composition)
44. Catalysis (enzymes) - Defense/recognition (immune and hormonal systems) - Transport (eg hemoglobin) - Support (eg collagen) - Motion (actin and myosin) - Regulation (hormones) - Storage (eg bound calcium and iron)
Secondary level of protein structure
Integrins
Dynein
Functions or proteins
45. Cholesterol receptors lack tails and cannot be taken up by cells; stays in the bloodstream and coats arteries
Amino acid (composition)
Primary level of protein structure
Hypercholesterolemia
Monosaccharide
46. The region surrounding a pair of centrioles
Miller - Urey experiment
Secondary level of protein structure
Centrosome
Primary level of protein structure
47. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
Beta barrel
Proteoglycans
Amylopectin
Antiport
48. Simple sugars are turned into disaccharides so they can be transported without being metabolized (typically in plants). The enzymes that can break the bond and utilize the sugar are typically present only where the glucose is to be used.
Plasmodesmata
Complimentary bases
Transport disaccharides (reasoning)
Fatty acid
49. Proteins with short chains of sugars attached to them; in eukaryotic cells they are important membrane proteins that allow cell - cell recognition and interaction
Keratin
Fatty acid
Methanogens
Glycoproteins
50. The bond between two amino acids. Non - rotational because it has partial double - bond characteristics
Prokaryote
5 classes of amino acids
Dynein
Peptide bond