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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






2. What is the direct cause of edema?






3. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






4. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






5. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






6. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






7. 2 ways to increase venous return






8. 2 portal systems to know






9. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






10. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






11. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






12. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






13. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






14. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






15. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






16. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






17. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






18. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






19. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






20. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






21. Where are RBCs broken down?






22. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






23. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






24. 2 chambers of the heart






25. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






26. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






27. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






28. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






29. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






30. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






31. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






32. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






33. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






34. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






35. When do Rh antibodies develop?






36. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






37. When do semilunar valves close?






38. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






39. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






40. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






41. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






42. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






43. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






44. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






45. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






46. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






47. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






48. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






49. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






50. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow