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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When do semilunar valves close?






2. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






3. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






4. 2 lymphocytes






5. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






6. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






7. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






8. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






9. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






10. 2 chambers of the heart






11. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






12. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






13. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






14. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






15. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






16. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






17. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






18. Where are RBCs broken down?






19. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






20. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






21. Flow of blood through a tissue






22. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






23. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






24. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






25. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






26. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






27. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






28. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






29. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






30. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






31. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






32. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






33. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






34. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






35. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






36. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






37. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






38. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






39. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






40. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






41. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






42. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






43. Number of systole contractions per unit time






44. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






45. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






46. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






47. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






48. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






49. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






50. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin