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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






2. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






3. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






4. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






5. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






6. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






7. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






8. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






9. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






10. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






11. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






12. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






13. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






14. 2 ways to increase venous return






15. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






16. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






17. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






18. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






19. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






20. Number of systole contractions per unit time






21. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






22. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






23. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






24. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






25. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






26. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






27. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






28. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






29. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






30. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






31. Universal acceptor






32. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






33. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






34. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






35. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






36. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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37. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






38. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






39. Fat storage cells of the body






40. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






41. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






42. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






43. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






44. Where are RBCs broken down?






45. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






46. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






47. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






48. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






49. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






50. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins