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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






2. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






3. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






4. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






5. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






6. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






7. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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8. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






9. When do Rh antibodies develop?






10. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






11. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






12. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






13. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






14. Fat storage cells of the body






15. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






16. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






17. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






18. 2 chambers of the heart






19. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






20. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






21. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






22. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






23. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






24. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






25. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






26. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






27. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






28. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






29. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






30. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






31. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






32. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






33. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






34. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






35. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






36. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






37. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






38. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






39. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






40. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






41. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






42. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






43. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






44. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






45. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






46. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






47. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






48. When do semilunar valves close?






49. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






50. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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