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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






2. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






3. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






4. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






5. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






6. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






7. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






8. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






9. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






10. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






11. 2 chambers of the heart






12. 2 lymphocytes






13. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






14. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






15. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






16. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






17. Fat storage cells of the body






18. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






19. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






20. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






21. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






22. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






23. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






24. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






25. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






26. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






27. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






28. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






29. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






30. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






31. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






32. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






33. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






34. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






35. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






36. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






37. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






38. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






39. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






40. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






41. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






42. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






43. When do semilunar valves close?






44. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






45. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






46. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






47. Universal donor






48. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






49. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






50. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste