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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Purpose of erythrocytes?






2. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






3. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






4. When do semilunar valves close?






5. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






6. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






7. Universal donor






8. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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9. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






10. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






11. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






12. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






13. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






14. What is the direct cause of edema?






15. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






16. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






17. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






18. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






19. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






20. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






21. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






22. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






23. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






24. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






25. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






26. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






27. 2 ways to increase venous return






28. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






29. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






30. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






31. 2 chambers of the heart






32. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






33. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






34. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






35. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






36. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






37. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






38. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






39. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






40. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






41. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






42. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






43. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






44. Where are RBCs broken down?






45. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






46. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






47. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






48. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






49. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






50. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)