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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






2. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






3. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






4. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






5. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






6. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






7. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






8. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






9. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






10. When do semilunar valves close?






11. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






12. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






13. 2 lymphocytes






14. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






15. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






16. Universal acceptor






17. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






18. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






19. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






20. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






21. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






22. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






23. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






24. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






25. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






26. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






27. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






28. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






29. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






30. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






31. Number of systole contractions per unit time






32. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






33. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






34. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






35. Universal donor






36. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






37. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






38. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






39. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






40. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






41. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






42. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






43. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






44. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






45. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






46. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






47. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






48. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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49. 2 ways to increase venous return






50. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste