SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries
ventricles
chylomicrons
bicuspid (mitral) valve
Cardiac muscle cells
2. Where are RBCs broken down?
Ohm's law
Spleen and liver
hemophilia
fats
3. Flow of blood through a tissue
Perfusion
fats
Frank - Starling Effect
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
4. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
Baroreceptors
Ca channels
bicuspid (mitral) valve
5. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft
Bundle of His
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
B cells and T cells
Capillaries
6. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries
Ischemia
Coronary arteries
Hepatic portal vein
albumin
7. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)
megakaryocytes
veins
Rh blood group
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
8. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns
basophil
Coronary arteries
Relaxed
Lipoproteins
9. Fat storage cells of the body
Coronary veins
Right atrium
adipocytes
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
10. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels
fibrin
Ca channels
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
systemic circulation
11. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?
macrophage
Repolarization of nodes
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
Peripheral resistance
12. Glucose - amino acids - and fats
capillaries
Na leak channels
diastolic blood pressure
nutrients
13. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)
2 components of antigens
neutrophil
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
cardiac output (L/min)
14. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart
pulmonary circulation
Sickle cell anemia
Erythrocytes
Spleen and liver
15. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?
adipocytes
Ca channels
atria
high osmolarity of tissues
16. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
SA node
systemic arterial blood pressure
chylomicrons
17. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
Glucose
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
chylomicrons
18. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste
B cells and T cells
pulse pressure
Ischemia
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
19. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles
Erythrocytes
AV node
systemic arterial blood pressure
atrioventricular valves
20. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group
bilirubin
adipocytes
venous return
Capillaries
21. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
amino acids and glucose
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
WBC
22. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers
T- tubules
varicose veins
Blood plasma
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
23. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids
Temperature or metabolic rate
ABO blood group
urea
Sickle cell anemia
24. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction
Slow Ca channels
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
basophil
25. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
systemic circulation
Lipoproteins
neutrophil
26. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions
Diastole is longer
AV node
eosinophil
Functional syncytium
27. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste
stroke volume
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
WBC
Blood plasma
28. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure
arteries
Diastole is longer
venous blood pressure
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
29. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins
atria and ventricles
Frank - Starling Effect
Valves of the venous system
Ischemia
30. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
2 components of antigens
Relaxed
Capillaries
31. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2
Erythrocytes
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
resistance
32. ABO blood group and Rh blood group
Granulocytes
2 components of antigens
Fast Na channels
Diastole
33. When do semilunar valves close?
urea
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
34. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)
hemostasis
Right atrium
Vagal Signal
T- tubules
35. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting
capillaries
fibrinogen
heart rate
Valves of the venous system
36. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
eosinophil
serum
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
37. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava
Baroreceptors
Blood plasma
Granulocytes
coronary sinus
38. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
Platelet fxn
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
heart rate
39. Which is longer - diastole or systole?
Cardiac muscle cells
Rh blood group
fats
Diastole is longer
40. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart
Na leak channels
Ohm's law
Peripheral resistance
systemic circulation
41. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?
adrenergic tone
Erythropoetin
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
42. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels
chylomicrons
ABO blood group
varicose veins
Repolarization of nodes
43. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials
Ischemia
Cardiac muscle cells
systolic blood pressure
valves
44. Where do all components of the blood develop from?
Granulocytes
Sympathetic regulation of heart
Ischemia
bone marrow
45. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding
resistance
oncotic pressure
hemostasis
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
46. Universal acceptor
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
Diastole
Repolarization of nodes
Vagal Signal
47. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time
Ischemia
Erythropoetin
capillaries
basophil
48. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2
capillaries
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
Temperature or metabolic rate
Diastole is longer
49. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node
high osmolarity of tissues
Fxn of circulatory system
Internodal tract
basophil
50. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound
systolic blood pressure
Systole
B cells and T cells
resistance