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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






2. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






3. 2 lymphocytes






4. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






5. 2 chambers of the heart






6. What is the direct cause of edema?






7. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






8. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






9. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






10. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






11. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






12. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






13. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






14. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






15. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






16. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






17. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






18. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






19. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






20. Flow of blood through a tissue






21. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






22. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






23. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






24. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






25. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






26. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






27. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






28. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






29. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






30. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






31. Universal acceptor






32. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






33. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






34. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






35. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






36. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






37. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






38. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






39. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






40. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






41. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






42. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






43. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






44. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






45. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






46. 2 ways to increase venous return






47. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






48. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






49. Fat storage cells of the body






50. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?