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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 lymphocytes






2. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






3. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






4. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






5. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






6. 2 chambers of the heart






7. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






8. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






9. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






10. Fat storage cells of the body






11. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






12. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






13. 2 ways to increase venous return






14. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






15. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






16. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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17. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






18. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






19. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






20. 2 portal systems to know






21. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






22. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






23. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






24. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






25. Purpose of erythrocytes?






26. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






27. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






28. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






29. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






30. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






31. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






32. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






33. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






34. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






35. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






36. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






37. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






38. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






39. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






40. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






41. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






42. What is the direct cause of edema?






43. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






44. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






45. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






46. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






47. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






48. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






49. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






50. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste