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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






2. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






3. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






4. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






5. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






6. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






7. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






8. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






9. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






10. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






11. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






12. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






13. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






14. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






15. 2 ways to increase venous return






16. 2 portal systems to know






17. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






18. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






19. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






20. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






21. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






22. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






23. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






24. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






25. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






26. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






27. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






28. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






29. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






30. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






31. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






32. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






33. When do semilunar valves close?






34. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






35. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






36. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






37. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






38. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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39. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






40. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






41. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






42. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






43. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






44. Universal acceptor






45. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






46. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






47. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






48. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






49. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






50. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2