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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






2. 2 lymphocytes






3. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






4. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






5. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






6. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






7. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






8. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






9. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






10. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






11. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






12. Universal acceptor






13. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






14. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






15. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






16. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






17. When do Rh antibodies develop?






18. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






19. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






20. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






21. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






22. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






23. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






24. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






25. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






26. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






27. Where are RBCs broken down?






28. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






29. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






30. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






31. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






32. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






33. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






34. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






35. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






36. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






37. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






38. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






39. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






40. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






41. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






42. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






43. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






44. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






45. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






46. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






47. Flow of blood through a tissue






48. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






49. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






50. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting