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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






2. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






3. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






4. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






5. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






6. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






7. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






8. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






9. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






10. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






11. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






12. Flow of blood through a tissue






13. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






14. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






15. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






16. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






17. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






18. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






19. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






20. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






21. When do semilunar valves close?






22. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






23. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






24. Purpose of erythrocytes?






25. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






26. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






27. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






28. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






29. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






30. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






31. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






32. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






33. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






34. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






35. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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36. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






37. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






38. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






39. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






40. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






41. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






42. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






43. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






44. 2 chambers of the heart






45. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






46. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






47. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






48. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






49. Fat storage cells of the body






50. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries







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