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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






2. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






3. 2 portal systems to know






4. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






5. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






6. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






7. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






8. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






9. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






10. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






11. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






12. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






13. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






14. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






15. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






16. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






17. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






18. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






19. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






20. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






21. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






22. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






23. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






24. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






25. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






26. What is the direct cause of edema?






27. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






28. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






29. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






30. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






31. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






32. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






33. Universal donor






34. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






35. 2 lymphocytes






36. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






37. 2 ways to increase venous return






38. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






39. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






40. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






41. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






42. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






43. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






44. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






45. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






46. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






47. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






48. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






49. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






50. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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