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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






2. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






3. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






4. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






5. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






6. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






7. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






8. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






9. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






10. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






11. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






12. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






13. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






14. 2 chambers of the heart






15. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






16. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






17. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






18. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






19. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






20. Purpose of erythrocytes?






21. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






22. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






23. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






24. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






25. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






26. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






27. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






28. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






29. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






30. Fat storage cells of the body






31. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






32. When do Rh antibodies develop?






33. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






34. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






35. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






36. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






37. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






38. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






39. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






40. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






41. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






42. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






43. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






44. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






45. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






46. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






47. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






48. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






49. 2 portal systems to know






50. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance