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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






2. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






3. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






4. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






5. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






6. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






7. Flow of blood through a tissue






8. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






9. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






10. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






11. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






12. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






13. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






14. Number of systole contractions per unit time






15. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






16. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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17. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






18. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






19. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






20. 2 portal systems to know






21. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






22. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






23. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






24. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






25. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






26. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






27. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






28. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






29. Universal donor






30. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






31. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






32. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






33. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






34. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






35. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






36. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






37. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






38. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






39. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






40. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






41. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






42. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






43. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






44. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






45. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






46. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






47. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






48. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






49. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






50. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle