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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






2. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






3. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






4. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






5. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






6. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






7. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






8. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






9. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






10. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






11. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






12. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






13. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






14. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






15. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






16. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






17. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






18. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






19. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






20. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






21. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






22. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






23. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






24. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






25. Where are RBCs broken down?






26. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






27. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






28. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






29. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






30. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






31. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






32. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






33. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






34. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






35. Universal acceptor






36. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






37. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






38. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






39. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






40. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






41. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






42. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






43. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






44. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






45. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






46. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






47. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






48. When do semilunar valves close?






49. Number of systole contractions per unit time






50. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart