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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






2. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






3. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






4. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






5. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






6. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






7. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






8. Where are RBCs broken down?






9. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






10. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






11. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






12. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






13. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






14. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






15. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






16. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






17. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






18. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






19. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






20. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






21. Purpose of erythrocytes?






22. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






23. 2 chambers of the heart






24. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






25. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






26. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






27. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






28. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






29. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






30. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






31. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






32. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






33. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






34. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






35. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






36. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






37. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






38. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






39. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






40. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






41. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






42. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






43. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






44. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






45. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






46. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






47. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






48. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






49. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






50. Which is longer - diastole or systole?