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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






2. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






3. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






4. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






5. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






6. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






7. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






8. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






9. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






10. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






11. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






12. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






13. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






14. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






15. Universal donor






16. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






17. 2 chambers of the heart






18. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






19. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






20. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






21. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






22. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






23. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






24. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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25. What is the direct cause of edema?






26. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






27. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






28. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






29. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






30. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






31. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






32. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






33. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






34. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






35. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






36. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






37. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






38. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






39. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






40. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






41. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






42. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






43. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






44. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






45. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






46. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






47. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






48. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






49. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






50. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate







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