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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






2. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






3. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






4. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






5. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






6. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






7. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






8. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






9. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






10. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






11. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






12. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






13. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






14. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






15. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






16. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






17. 2 portal systems to know






18. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






19. 2 lymphocytes






20. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






21. Number of systole contractions per unit time






22. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






23. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






24. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






25. 2 ways to increase venous return






26. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






27. Flow of blood through a tissue






28. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






29. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






30. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






31. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






32. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






33. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






34. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






35. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






36. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






37. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






38. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






39. Purpose of erythrocytes?






40. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






41. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






42. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






43. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






44. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






45. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






46. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






47. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






48. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






49. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






50. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)