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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






2. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






3. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






4. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






5. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






6. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






7. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






8. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






9. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






10. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






11. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






12. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






13. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






14. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






15. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






16. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






17. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






18. 2 portal systems to know






19. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






20. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






21. Where are RBCs broken down?






22. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






23. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






24. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






25. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






26. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






27. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






28. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






29. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






30. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






31. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






32. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






33. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






34. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






35. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






36. When do semilunar valves close?






37. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






38. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






39. Universal acceptor






40. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






41. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






42. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






43. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






44. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






45. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






46. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






47. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






48. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






49. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






50. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer