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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






2. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






3. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






4. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






5. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






6. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






7. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






8. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






9. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






10. Where are RBCs broken down?






11. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






12. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






13. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






14. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






15. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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16. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






17. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






18. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






19. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






20. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






21. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






22. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






23. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






24. 2 portal systems to know






25. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






26. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






27. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






28. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






29. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






30. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






31. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






32. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






33. 2 chambers of the heart






34. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






35. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






36. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






37. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






38. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






39. 2 ways to increase venous return






40. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






41. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






42. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






43. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






44. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






45. Universal acceptor






46. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






47. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






48. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






49. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






50. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins