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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






2. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






3. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






4. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






5. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






6. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






7. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






8. Purpose of erythrocytes?






9. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






10. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






11. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






12. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






13. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






14. Number of systole contractions per unit time






15. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






16. Universal donor






17. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






18. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






19. What is the direct cause of edema?






20. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






21. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






22. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






23. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






24. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






25. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






26. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






27. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






28. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






29. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






30. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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31. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






32. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






33. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






34. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






35. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






36. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






37. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






38. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






39. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






40. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






41. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






42. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






43. When do Rh antibodies develop?






44. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






45. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






46. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






47. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






48. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






49. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






50. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries