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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






2. 2 ways to increase venous return






3. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






4. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






5. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






6. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






7. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






8. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






9. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






10. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






11. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






12. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






13. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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14. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






15. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






16. 2 chambers of the heart






17. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






18. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






19. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






20. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






21. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






22. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






23. Fat storage cells of the body






24. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






25. When do semilunar valves close?






26. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






27. 2 lymphocytes






28. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






29. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






30. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






31. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






32. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






33. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






34. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






35. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






36. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






37. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






38. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






39. Purpose of erythrocytes?






40. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






41. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






42. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






43. Number of systole contractions per unit time






44. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






45. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






46. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






47. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






48. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






49. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






50. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis