SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high
Perfusion
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
neutrophil
Hepatic portal vein
2. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins
ventricles
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
Repolarization of nodes
hemophilia
3. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste
Repolarization of nodes
atria
Blood plasma
capillaries
4. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes
Portal systems
Frank - Starling Effect
atria
macrophage
5. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system
Erythropoetin
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
AV node
valves
6. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time
Internodal tract
Blood plasma
Right atrium
capillaries
7. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)
Functional syncytium
hypoxia
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
8. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.
stroke volume
resistance
Relaxed
nutrients
9. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
Right atrium
coronary sinus
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
10. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3
heart rate
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
cardiac output (L/min)
Internodal tract
11. Purpose of erythrocytes?
coronary sinus
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
Inflammation
megakaryocytes
12. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins
oncotic pressure
Fast Na channels
SA node
Systole
13. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste
Slow Ca channels
Cardiac muscle cells
Functional syncytium
Ischemia
14. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver
pulse pressure
Hepatic portal vein
SA node
T- tubules
15. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer
venous return
fibrin
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
chylomicrons
16. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels
SA node
macrophage
Relaxed
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
17. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all
systolic blood pressure
capillaries
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
local autoregulation
18. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft
valves
albumin
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
Capillaries
19. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction
Perfusion
atria and ventricles
Sympathetic regulation of heart
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
20. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle
megakaryocytes
Intercalated discs
adrenergic tone
Valves of the venous system
21. Number of systole contractions per unit time
heart rate
bicuspid (mitral) valve
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
22. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone
Waste
Peripheral resistance
Tense
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
23. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure
ventricles
arteries
adipocytes
neutrophil
24. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials
arteries
Repolarization of nodes
Cardiac muscle cells
macrophage
25. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart
Erythropoetin
varicose veins
Repolarization of nodes
arteries
26. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers
high osmolarity of tissues
venous blood pressure
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
T- tubules
27. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
Erythropoetin
atria
hemophilia
28. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft
WBC
Coronary arteries
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
29. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
30. Universal donor
chylomicrons
Waste
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
Valves of the venous system
31. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries
atria and ventricles
Platelet fxn
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
albumin
32. ABO blood group and Rh blood group
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
atria and ventricles
2 components of antigens
T- tubules
33. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis
Rh blood group
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
macrophage
ventricles
34. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)
ABO blood group
atria
albumin
Na leak channels
35. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft
pulmonary circulation
Fast Na channels
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
diastolic blood pressure
36. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow
Erythropoetin
Ca channels
Functional syncytium
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
37. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
Rh blood group
Waste
Valves of the venous system
38. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries
systemic arterial blood pressure
Diastole is longer
atria
Platelet fxn
39. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries
diastolic blood pressure
fibrin
adrenergic tone
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
40. When do semilunar valves close?
high osmolarity of tissues
tricuspid valve
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
hemostasis
41. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle
nutrients
fibrin
resistance
Peripheral resistance
42. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar
pulmonary circulation
adrenergic tone
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
Sickle cell anemia
43. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?
WBC
high osmolarity of tissues
pulmonary circulation
SA node
44. Where are RBCs broken down?
pulmonary circulation
Spleen and liver
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
Coronary arteries
45. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed
amino acids and glucose
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
pulse pressure
adrenergic tone
46. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
cardiac output (L/min)
atria and ventricles
Internodal tract
47. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization
Vagal Signal
Functional syncytium
veins
Relaxed
48. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart
Coronary veins
oncotic pressure
Ohm's law
urea
49. 2 ways to increase venous return
resistance
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
SA node
Capillaries
50. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply
Coronary arteries
Portal systems
fats
systemic arterial blood pressure