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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






2. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






3. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






4. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






5. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






6. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






7. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






8. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






9. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






10. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






11. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






12. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






13. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






14. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






15. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






16. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






17. Universal donor






18. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






19. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






20. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






21. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






22. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






23. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






24. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






25. When do semilunar valves close?






26. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






27. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






28. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






29. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






30. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






31. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






32. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






33. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






34. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






35. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






36. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






37. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






38. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






39. Number of systole contractions per unit time






40. Where are RBCs broken down?






41. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






42. Flow of blood through a tissue






43. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






44. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






45. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






46. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






47. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






48. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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49. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






50. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction