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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






2. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






3. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






4. Fat storage cells of the body






5. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






6. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






7. What is the direct cause of edema?






8. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






9. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






10. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






11. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






12. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






13. Universal acceptor






14. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






15. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






16. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






17. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






18. 2 ways to increase venous return






19. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






20. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






21. Purpose of erythrocytes?






22. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






23. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






24. Where are RBCs broken down?






25. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






26. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






27. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






28. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






29. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






30. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






31. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






32. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






33. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






34. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






35. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






36. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






37. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






38. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






39. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






40. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






41. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






42. Flow of blood through a tissue






43. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






44. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






45. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






46. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






47. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






48. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






49. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






50. ABO blood group and Rh blood group