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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fat storage cells of the body






2. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






3. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






4. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






5. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






6. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






7. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






8. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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9. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






10. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






11. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






12. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






13. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






14. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






15. 2 portal systems to know






16. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






17. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






18. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






19. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






20. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






21. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






22. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






23. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






24. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






25. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






26. 2 ways to increase venous return






27. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






28. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






29. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






30. Where are RBCs broken down?






31. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






32. When do semilunar valves close?






33. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






34. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






35. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






36. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






37. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






38. 2 chambers of the heart






39. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






40. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






41. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






42. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






43. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






44. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






45. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






46. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






47. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






48. Universal donor






49. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






50. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels