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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






2. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






3. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






4. 2 lymphocytes






5. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






6. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






7. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






8. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






9. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






10. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






11. When do Rh antibodies develop?






12. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






13. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






14. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






15. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






16. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






17. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






18. Flow of blood through a tissue






19. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






20. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






21. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






22. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






23. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






24. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






25. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






26. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






27. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






28. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






29. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






30. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






31. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






32. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






33. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






34. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






35. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






36. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






37. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






38. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






39. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






40. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






41. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






42. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






43. 2 ways to increase venous return






44. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






45. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






46. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






47. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






48. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






49. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






50. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy