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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






2. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






3. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






4. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






5. Universal donor






6. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






7. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






8. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






9. 2 portal systems to know






10. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






11. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






12. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






13. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






14. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






15. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






16. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






17. 2 lymphocytes






18. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






19. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






20. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






21. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






22. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






23. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






24. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






25. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






26. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






27. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






28. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






29. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






30. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






31. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






32. Flow of blood through a tissue






33. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






34. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






35. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






36. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






37. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






38. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






39. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






40. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






41. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






42. 2 chambers of the heart






43. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






44. When do Rh antibodies develop?






45. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






46. Number of systole contractions per unit time






47. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






48. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






49. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






50. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart