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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






2. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






3. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






4. When do Rh antibodies develop?






5. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






6. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






7. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






8. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






9. 2 portal systems to know






10. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






11. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






12. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






13. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






14. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






15. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






16. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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17. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






18. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






19. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






20. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






21. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






22. 2 lymphocytes






23. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






24. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






25. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






26. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






27. 2 chambers of the heart






28. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






29. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






30. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






31. Universal donor






32. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






33. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






34. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






35. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






36. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






37. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






38. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






39. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






40. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






41. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






42. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






43. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






44. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






45. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






46. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






47. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






48. Where are RBCs broken down?






49. Purpose of erythrocytes?






50. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets