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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Purpose of erythrocytes?






2. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






3. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






4. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






5. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






6. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






7. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






8. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






9. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






10. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






11. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






12. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






13. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






14. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






15. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






16. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






17. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






18. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






19. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






20. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






21. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






22. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






23. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






24. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






25. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






26. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






27. Where are RBCs broken down?






28. When do semilunar valves close?






29. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






30. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






31. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






32. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






33. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






34. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






35. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






36. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






37. 2 portal systems to know






38. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






39. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






40. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






41. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






42. 2 ways to increase venous return






43. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






44. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






45. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






46. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






47. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






48. When do Rh antibodies develop?






49. What is the direct cause of edema?






50. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell