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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When do semilunar valves close?
pulse pressure
Portal systems
Lipoproteins
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
2. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels
Right atrium
Na leak channels
SA node
Ischemia
3. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues
venous blood pressure
Inflammation
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
Baroreceptors
4. 2 lymphocytes
veins
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
heart
B cells and T cells
5. Glucose - amino acids - and fats
Intercalated discs
atria and ventricles
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
nutrients
6. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures
capillaries
systemic arterial blood pressure
bicuspid (mitral) valve
pulse pressure
7. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume
Frank - Starling Effect
Platelet fxn
adrenergic tone
Blood plasma
8. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues
fibrin
Fxn of circulatory system
Tense
Relaxed
9. Which is longer - diastole or systole?
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
Diastole is longer
Ischemia
pulmonary circulation
10. 2 chambers of the heart
Frank - Starling Effect
Right atrium
systemic circulation
atria and ventricles
11. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart
tricuspid valve
Perfusion
oncotic pressure
varicose veins
12. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)
coronary sinus
arteries
local autoregulation
cardiac output (L/min)
13. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels
Slow Ca channels
heart
B cells and T cells
capillaries
14. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure
ventricles
Granulocytes
veins
Thrombus
15. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
valves
systemic arterial blood pressure
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
16. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream
albumin
systemic circulation
Lipoproteins
Right atrium
17. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential
Fast Na channels
Capillaries
Lipoproteins
Sickle cell anemia
18. Where are RBCs broken down?
pulse pressure
Cardiac muscle cells
serum
Spleen and liver
19. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time
Sickle cell anemia
capillaries
Coronary veins
Platelet fxn
20. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2
heart
Peripheral resistance
Erythrocytes
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
21. Flow of blood through a tissue
Perfusion
chylomicrons
Frank - Starling Effect
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
22. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
Internodal tract
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
23. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone
megakaryocytes
Granulocytes
Peripheral resistance
fibrin
24. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)
venous return
bilirubin
Granulocytes
valves
25. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries
Coronary veins
albumin
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
urea
26. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries
nutrients
WBC
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
diastolic blood pressure
27. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
resistance
Sympathetic regulation of heart
megakaryocytes
28. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions
SA node
2 components of antigens
systolic blood pressure
Functional syncytium
29. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins
Functional syncytium
hemophilia
bicuspid (mitral) valve
capillaries
30. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding
Coronary arteries
Platelet fxn
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
Spleen and liver
31. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle
Vagal Signal
local autoregulation
bicuspid (mitral) valve
Capillaries
32. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
Sympathetic regulation of heart
Diastole is longer
33. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow
Coronary veins
neutrophil
Internodal tract
Erythropoetin
34. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction
tricuspid valve
systolic blood pressure
heart rate
Systole
35. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound
Valves of the venous system
Systole
albumin
veins
36. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream
Thrombus
Portal systems
Diastole is longer
local autoregulation
37. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?
Platelet fxn
Erythrocytes
fibrin
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
38. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
Spleen and liver
Hemoglobin
Inflammation
39. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
Platelet fxn
Relaxed
Coronary arteries
40. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins
pulse pressure
oncotic pressure
2 components of antigens
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
41. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft
chylomicrons
basophil
WBC
tricuspid valve
42. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)
Valves of the venous system
Rh blood group
heart
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
43. Number of systole contractions per unit time
heart rate
Spleen and liver
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
Waste
44. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries
amino acids and glucose
Peripheral resistance
systemic circulation
ventricles
45. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis
Sympathetic regulation of heart
tricuspid valve
systolic blood pressure
macrophage
46. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
pulmonary circulation
Hemoglobin
47. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2
heart
atrioventricular valves
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
Temperature or metabolic rate
48. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.
Relaxed
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
bone marrow
heart
49. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)
Waste
T- tubules
systolic blood pressure
ABO blood group
50. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin
fibrin
atrioventricular valves
pulmonary circulation
Coronary veins