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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






2. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






3. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






4. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






5. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






6. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






7. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






8. Fat storage cells of the body






9. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






10. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






11. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






12. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






13. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






14. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






15. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






16. Number of systole contractions per unit time






17. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






18. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






19. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






20. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






21. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






22. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






23. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






24. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






25. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






26. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






27. 2 lymphocytes






28. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






29. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






30. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






31. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






32. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






33. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






34. Where are RBCs broken down?






35. 2 chambers of the heart






36. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






37. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






38. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






39. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






40. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






41. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






42. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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43. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






44. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






45. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






46. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






47. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






48. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






49. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






50. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell