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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






2. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






3. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






4. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






5. 2 lymphocytes






6. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






7. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






8. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






9. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






10. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






11. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






12. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






13. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






14. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






15. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






16. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






17. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






18. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






19. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






20. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






21. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






22. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






23. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






24. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






25. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






26. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






27. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






28. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






29. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






30. 2 portal systems to know






31. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






32. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






33. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






34. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






35. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






36. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






37. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






38. What is the direct cause of edema?






39. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






40. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






41. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






42. Number of systole contractions per unit time






43. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






44. 2 chambers of the heart






45. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






46. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






47. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






48. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






49. Purpose of erythrocytes?






50. Flow of blood through a tissue