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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






2. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






3. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






4. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






5. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






6. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






7. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






8. 2 ways to increase venous return






9. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






10. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






11. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






12. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






13. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






14. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






15. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






16. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






17. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






18. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






19. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






20. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






21. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






22. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






23. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






24. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






25. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






26. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






27. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






28. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






29. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






30. Where are RBCs broken down?






31. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






32. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






33. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






34. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






35. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






36. What is the direct cause of edema?






37. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






38. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






39. 2 lymphocytes






40. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






41. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






42. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






43. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






44. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






45. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






46. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






47. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






48. Fat storage cells of the body






49. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






50. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high