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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






2. Where are RBCs broken down?






3. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






4. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






5. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






6. Flow of blood through a tissue






7. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






8. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






9. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






10. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






11. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






12. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






13. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






14. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






15. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






16. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






17. 2 lymphocytes






18. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






19. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






20. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






21. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






22. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






23. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






24. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






25. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






26. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






27. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






28. What is the direct cause of edema?






29. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






30. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






31. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






32. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






33. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






34. Universal acceptor






35. Number of systole contractions per unit time






36. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






37. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






38. When do semilunar valves close?






39. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






40. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






41. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






42. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






43. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






44. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






45. When do Rh antibodies develop?






46. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






47. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






48. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






49. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






50. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node