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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






2. Number of systole contractions per unit time






3. Fat storage cells of the body






4. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






5. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






6. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






7. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






8. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






9. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






10. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






11. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






12. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






13. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






14. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






15. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






16. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






17. Purpose of erythrocytes?






18. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






19. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






20. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






21. What is the direct cause of edema?






22. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






23. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






24. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






25. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






26. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






27. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






28. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






29. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






30. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






31. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






32. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






33. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






34. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






35. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






36. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






37. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






38. 2 ways to increase venous return






39. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






40. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






41. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






42. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






43. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






44. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






45. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






46. Where are RBCs broken down?






47. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






48. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






49. Flow of blood through a tissue






50. Which is longer - diastole or systole?