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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






2. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






3. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






4. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






5. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






6. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






7. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






8. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






9. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






10. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






11. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






12. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






13. 2 ways to increase venous return






14. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






15. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






16. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






17. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






18. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






19. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






20. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






21. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






22. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






23. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






24. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






25. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






26. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






27. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






28. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






29. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






30. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






31. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






32. 2 portal systems to know






33. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






34. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






35. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






36. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






37. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






38. Universal acceptor






39. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






40. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






41. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






42. Purpose of erythrocytes?






43. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






44. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






45. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






46. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






47. When do semilunar valves close?






48. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






49. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






50. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver