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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
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Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where do all components of the blood develop from?
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
Coronary arteries
bone marrow
2 components of antigens
2. Glucose - amino acids - and fats
nutrients
Erythropoetin
adrenergic tone
bilirubin
3. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)
Rh blood group
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
stroke volume
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
4. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)
cardiac output (L/min)
Platelet fxn
oncotic pressure
Peripheral resistance
5. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft
hypoxia
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
Capillaries
6. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns
Waste
Bundle of His
basophil
Right atrium
7. 2 ways to increase venous return
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
chylomicrons
Cardiac muscle cells
Tense
8. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis
capillaries
neutrophil
Spleen and liver
Diastole
9. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)
Hemoglobin
tricuspid valve
ABO blood group
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
10. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential
Fast Na channels
Spleen and liver
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
Platelet fxn
11. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin
Diastole is longer
tricuspid valve
Coronary veins
fibrin
12. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction
macrophage
Capillaries
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
Bundle of His
13. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
Platelet fxn
Erythropoetin
14. What is the direct cause of edema?
Temperature or metabolic rate
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
15. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node
Internodal tract
Erythropoetin
varicose veins
tricuspid valve
16. ABO blood group and Rh blood group
diastolic blood pressure
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
2 components of antigens
Thrombus
17. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
Thrombus
adipocytes
B cells and T cells
18. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
heart rate
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
Vagal Signal
19. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy
capillaries
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
fats
20. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
chylomicrons
Frank - Starling Effect
Erythrocytes
21. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles
megakaryocytes
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
AV node
Granulocytes
22. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers
hemostasis
nutrients
T- tubules
Tense
23. Where are RBCs broken down?
Baroreceptors
oncotic pressure
venous return
Spleen and liver
24. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil
megakaryocytes
Temperature or metabolic rate
Granulocytes
Functional syncytium
25. Flow of blood through a tissue
valves
Erythropoetin
Perfusion
tricuspid valve
26. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells
Intercalated discs
fibrinogen
Peripheral resistance
Slow Ca channels
27. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
Perfusion
veins
28. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
Diastole
SA node
hemostasis
29. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time
WBC
capillaries
Tense
Waste
30. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
resistance
Vagal Signal
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
31. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
Inflammation
hemostasis
Fast Na channels
32. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle
Platelet fxn
Erythrocytes
resistance
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
33. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure
arteries
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
adipocytes
AV node
34. Universal donor
Diastole is longer
SA node
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
adipocytes
35. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells
WBC
macrophage
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
36. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis
venous return
Intercalated discs
Coronary veins
macrophage
37. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions
fibrinogen
atria
Peripheral resistance
Functional syncytium
38. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2
Functional syncytium
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
Hemoglobin
39. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft
Tense
Right atrium
WBC
Hemoglobin
40. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart
heart rate
diastolic blood pressure
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
varicose veins
41. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures
bilirubin
pulse pressure
varicose veins
pulmonary circulation
42. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins
oncotic pressure
atria and ventricles
Vagal Signal
atrioventricular valves
43. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins
Relaxed
hemophilia
Cardiac muscle cells
cardiac output (L/min)
44. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
systemic arterial blood pressure
Lipoproteins
45. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins
diastolic blood pressure
Valves of the venous system
Sickle cell anemia
venous return
46. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?
Systole
high osmolarity of tissues
hypoxia
atria and ventricles
47. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction
Na leak channels
atria and ventricles
Sympathetic regulation of heart
chylomicrons
48. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone
Perfusion
Sickle cell anemia
Peripheral resistance
Systole
49. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer
Diastole is longer
hemophilia
pulse pressure
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
50. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.
atria
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
Relaxed
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
Sorry!:) No result found.
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