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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






2. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






3. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






4. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






5. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






6. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






7. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






8. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






9. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






10. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






11. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






12. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






13. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






14. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






15. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






16. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






17. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






18. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






19. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






20. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






21. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






22. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






23. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






24. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






25. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






26. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






27. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






28. Where are RBCs broken down?






29. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






30. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






31. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






32. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






33. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






34. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






35. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






36. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






37. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






38. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






39. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






40. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






41. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






42. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






43. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






44. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






45. 2 chambers of the heart






46. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






47. When do Rh antibodies develop?






48. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






49. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






50. 2 ways to increase venous return