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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






2. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






3. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






4. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






5. 2 portal systems to know






6. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






7. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






8. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






9. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






10. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






11. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






12. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






13. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






14. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






15. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






16. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






17. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






18. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






19. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






20. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






21. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






22. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






23. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






24. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






25. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






26. 2 lymphocytes






27. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






28. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






29. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






30. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






31. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






32. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






33. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






34. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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35. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






36. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






37. 2 chambers of the heart






38. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






39. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






40. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






41. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






42. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






43. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






44. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






45. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






46. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






47. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






48. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






49. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






50. Which is longer - diastole or systole?