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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






2. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






3. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






4. What is the direct cause of edema?






5. 2 ways to increase venous return






6. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






7. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






8. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






9. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






10. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






11. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






12. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






13. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






14. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






15. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






16. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






17. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






18. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






19. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






20. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






21. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






22. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






23. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






24. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






25. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






26. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






27. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






28. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






29. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






30. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






31. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






32. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






33. Number of systole contractions per unit time






34. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






35. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






36. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






37. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






38. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






39. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






40. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






41. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






42. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






43. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






44. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






45. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






46. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






47. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






48. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






49. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






50. 2 portal systems to know







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