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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






2. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






3. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






4. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






5. 2 chambers of the heart






6. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






7. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






8. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






9. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






10. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






11. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






12. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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13. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






14. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






15. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






16. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






17. 2 lymphocytes






18. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






19. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






20. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






21. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






22. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






23. Where are RBCs broken down?






24. Flow of blood through a tissue






25. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






26. Universal donor






27. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






28. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






29. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






30. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






31. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






32. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






33. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






34. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






35. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






36. Fat storage cells of the body






37. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






38. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






39. When do semilunar valves close?






40. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






41. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






42. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






43. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






44. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






45. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






46. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






47. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






48. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






49. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






50. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle