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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






2. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






3. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






4. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






5. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






6. 2 chambers of the heart






7. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






8. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






9. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






10. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






11. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






12. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






13. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






14. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






15. Number of systole contractions per unit time






16. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






17. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






18. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






19. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






20. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






21. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






22. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






23. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






24. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






25. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






26. Universal donor






27. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






28. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






29. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






30. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






31. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






32. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






33. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






34. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






35. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






36. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






37. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






38. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






39. Purpose of erythrocytes?






40. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






41. Universal acceptor






42. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






43. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






44. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






45. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






46. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






47. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






48. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






49. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






50. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group