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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






2. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






3. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






4. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






5. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






6. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






7. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






8. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






9. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






10. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






11. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






12. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






13. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






14. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






15. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






16. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






17. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






18. 2 lymphocytes






19. Fat storage cells of the body






20. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






21. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






22. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






23. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






24. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






25. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






26. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






27. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






28. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






29. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






30. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






31. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






32. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






33. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






34. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






35. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






36. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






37. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






38. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






39. Number of systole contractions per unit time






40. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






41. What is the direct cause of edema?






42. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






43. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






44. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






45. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






46. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






47. Purpose of erythrocytes?






48. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






49. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






50. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential