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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






2. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






3. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






4. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






5. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






6. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






7. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






8. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






9. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






10. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






11. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






12. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






13. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






14. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






15. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






16. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






17. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






18. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






19. Where are RBCs broken down?






20. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






21. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






22. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






23. When do Rh antibodies develop?






24. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






25. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






26. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






27. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






28. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






29. Universal acceptor






30. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






31. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






32. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






33. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






34. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






35. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






36. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






37. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






38. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






39. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






40. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






41. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






42. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






43. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






44. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






45. Number of systole contractions per unit time






46. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






47. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






48. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






49. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






50. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction