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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






2. 2 lymphocytes






3. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






4. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






5. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






6. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






7. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






8. 2 portal systems to know






9. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






10. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






11. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






12. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






13. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






14. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






15. Flow of blood through a tissue






16. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






17. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






18. Universal acceptor






19. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






20. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






21. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






22. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






23. Number of systole contractions per unit time






24. 2 chambers of the heart






25. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






26. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






27. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






28. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






29. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






30. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






31. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






32. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






33. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






34. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






35. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






36. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






37. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






38. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






39. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






40. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






41. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






42. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






43. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






44. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






45. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






46. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






47. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






48. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






49. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






50. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste