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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 chambers of the heart






2. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






3. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






4. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






5. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






6. When do Rh antibodies develop?






7. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






8. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






9. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






10. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






11. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






12. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






13. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






14. 2 portal systems to know






15. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






16. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






17. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






18. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






19. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






20. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






21. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






22. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






23. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






24. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






25. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






26. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






27. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






28. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






29. 2 ways to increase venous return






30. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






31. 2 lymphocytes






32. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






33. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






34. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






35. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






36. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






37. Universal donor






38. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






39. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






40. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






41. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






42. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






43. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






44. Number of systole contractions per unit time






45. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






46. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






47. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






48. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






49. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






50. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?