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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






2. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






3. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






4. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






5. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






6. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






7. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






8. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






9. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






10. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






11. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






12. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






13. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






14. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






15. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






16. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






17. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






18. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






19. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






20. When do semilunar valves close?






21. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






22. What is the direct cause of edema?






23. 2 chambers of the heart






24. When do Rh antibodies develop?






25. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






26. 2 portal systems to know






27. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






28. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






29. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






30. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






31. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






32. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






33. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






34. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






35. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






36. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






37. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






38. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






39. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






40. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






41. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






42. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






43. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






44. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






45. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






46. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






47. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






48. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






49. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






50. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels