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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






2. Fat storage cells of the body






3. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






4. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






5. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






6. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






7. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






8. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






9. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






10. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






11. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






12. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






13. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






14. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






15. 2 portal systems to know






16. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






17. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






18. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






19. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






20. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






21. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






22. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






23. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






24. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






25. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






26. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






27. Flow of blood through a tissue






28. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






29. Purpose of erythrocytes?






30. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






31. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






32. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






33. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






34. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






35. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






36. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






37. Universal acceptor






38. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






39. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






40. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






41. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






42. When do semilunar valves close?






43. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






44. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






45. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






46. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






47. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






48. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






49. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






50. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?