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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






2. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






3. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






4. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






5. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






6. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






7. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






8. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






9. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






10. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






11. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






12. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






13. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






14. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






15. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






16. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






17. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






18. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






19. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






20. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






21. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






22. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






23. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






24. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






25. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






26. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






27. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






28. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






29. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






30. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






31. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






32. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






33. 2 portal systems to know






34. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






35. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






36. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






37. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






38. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






39. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






40. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






41. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






42. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






43. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






44. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






45. 2 chambers of the heart






46. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






47. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






48. 2 lymphocytes






49. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






50. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?