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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






2. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






3. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






4. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






5. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






6. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






7. 2 chambers of the heart






8. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






9. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






10. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






11. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






12. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






13. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






14. 2 ways to increase venous return






15. When do semilunar valves close?






16. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






17. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






18. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






19. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






20. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






21. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






22. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






23. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






24. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






25. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






26. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






27. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






28. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






29. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






30. Flow of blood through a tissue






31. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






32. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






33. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






34. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






35. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






36. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






37. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






38. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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39. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






40. Number of systole contractions per unit time






41. Universal acceptor






42. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






43. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






44. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






45. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






46. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






47. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






48. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






49. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






50. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3