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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






2. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






3. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






4. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






5. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






6. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






7. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






8. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






9. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






10. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






11. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






12. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






13. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






14. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






15. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






16. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






17. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






18. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






19. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






20. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






21. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






22. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






23. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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24. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






25. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






26. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






27. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






28. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






29. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






30. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






31. Purpose of erythrocytes?






32. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






33. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






34. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






35. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






36. What is the direct cause of edema?






37. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






38. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






39. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






40. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






41. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






42. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






43. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






44. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






45. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






46. 2 lymphocytes






47. When do semilunar valves close?






48. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






49. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






50. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle