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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 portal systems to know






2. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






3. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






4. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






5. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






6. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






7. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






8. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






9. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






10. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






11. When do semilunar valves close?






12. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






13. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






14. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






15. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






16. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






17. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






18. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






19. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






20. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






21. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






22. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






23. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






24. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






25. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






26. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






27. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






28. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






29. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






30. When do Rh antibodies develop?






31. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






32. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






33. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






34. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






35. Purpose of erythrocytes?






36. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






37. Fat storage cells of the body






38. Number of systole contractions per unit time






39. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






40. Universal donor






41. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






42. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






43. 2 lymphocytes






44. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






45. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






46. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






47. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






48. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






49. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






50. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting