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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






2. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






3. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






4. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






5. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






6. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






7. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






8. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






9. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






10. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






11. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






12. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






13. 2 chambers of the heart






14. 2 lymphocytes






15. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






16. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






17. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






18. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






19. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






20. Flow of blood through a tissue






21. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






22. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






23. What is the direct cause of edema?






24. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






25. 2 portal systems to know






26. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






27. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






28. When do semilunar valves close?






29. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






30. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






31. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






32. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






33. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






34. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






35. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






36. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






37. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






38. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






39. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






40. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






41. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






42. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






43. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






44. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






45. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






46. Where are RBCs broken down?






47. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






48. Purpose of erythrocytes?






49. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






50. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns