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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






2. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






3. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






4. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






5. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






6. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






7. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






8. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






9. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






10. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






11. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






12. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






13. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






14. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






15. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






16. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






17. 2 chambers of the heart






18. What is the direct cause of edema?






19. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






20. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






21. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






22. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






23. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






24. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






25. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






26. Number of systole contractions per unit time






27. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






28. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






29. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






30. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






31. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






32. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






33. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






34. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






35. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






36. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






37. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






38. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






39. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






40. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






41. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






42. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






43. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






44. Universal donor






45. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






46. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






47. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






48. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






49. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






50. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure







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