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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When do semilunar valves close?






2. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






3. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






4. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






5. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






6. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






7. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






8. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






9. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






10. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






11. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






12. What is the direct cause of edema?






13. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






14. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






15. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






16. Universal donor






17. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






18. Where are RBCs broken down?






19. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






20. Universal acceptor






21. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






22. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






23. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






24. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






25. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






26. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






27. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






28. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






29. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






30. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






31. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






32. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






33. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






34. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






35. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






36. 2 lymphocytes






37. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






38. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






39. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






40. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






41. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






42. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






43. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






44. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






45. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






46. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






47. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






48. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






49. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






50. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?