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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






2. When do semilunar valves close?






3. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






4. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






5. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






6. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






7. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






8. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






9. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






10. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






11. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






12. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






13. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






14. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






15. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






16. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






17. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






18. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






19. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






20. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






21. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






22. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






23. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






24. Purpose of erythrocytes?






25. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






26. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






27. Fat storage cells of the body






28. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






29. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






30. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






31. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






32. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






33. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






34. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






35. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






36. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






37. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






38. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






39. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






40. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






41. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






42. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






43. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






44. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






45. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






46. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






47. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






48. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






49. Where are RBCs broken down?






50. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart