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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






2. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






3. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






4. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






5. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






6. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






7. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






8. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






9. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






10. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






11. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






12. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






13. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






14. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






15. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






16. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






17. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






18. 2 lymphocytes






19. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






20. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






21. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






22. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






23. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






24. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






25. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






26. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






27. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






28. When do semilunar valves close?






29. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






30. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






31. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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32. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






33. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






34. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






35. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






36. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






37. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






38. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






39. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






40. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






41. 2 portal systems to know






42. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






43. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






44. Purpose of erythrocytes?






45. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






46. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






47. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






48. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






49. Flow of blood through a tissue






50. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns