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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






2. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






3. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






4. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






5. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






6. 2 portal systems to know






7. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






8. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






9. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






10. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






11. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






12. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






13. Purpose of erythrocytes?






14. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






15. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






16. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






17. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






18. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






19. Number of systole contractions per unit time






20. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






21. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






22. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






23. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






24. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






25. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






26. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






27. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






28. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






29. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






30. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






31. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






32. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






33. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






34. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






35. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






36. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






37. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






38. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






39. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






40. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






41. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






42. What is the direct cause of edema?






43. Flow of blood through a tissue






44. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






45. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






46. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






47. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






48. Universal donor






49. Where are RBCs broken down?






50. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart