Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






2. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






3. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






4. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






5. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






6. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






7. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






8. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






9. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






10. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






11. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






12. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






13. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






14. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






15. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






16. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






17. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






18. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






19. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






20. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






21. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






22. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






23. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






24. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






25. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






26. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






27. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






28. Number of systole contractions per unit time






29. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






30. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






31. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






32. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






33. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






34. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






35. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






36. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






37. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






38. Purpose of erythrocytes?






39. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






40. Universal donor






41. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






42. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






43. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






44. What is the direct cause of edema?






45. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






46. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






47. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






48. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






49. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






50. 2 portal systems to know