Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






2. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






3. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






4. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






5. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






6. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






7. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






8. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






9. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






10. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






11. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






12. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






13. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






14. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






15. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






16. Number of systole contractions per unit time






17. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






18. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






19. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






20. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






21. 2 ways to increase venous return






22. Universal donor






23. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






24. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






25. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






26. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






27. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






28. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






29. Where are RBCs broken down?






30. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






31. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






32. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






33. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






34. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






35. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






36. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






37. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






38. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






39. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






40. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






41. 2 chambers of the heart






42. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






43. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






44. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






45. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






46. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






47. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






48. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






49. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






50. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells