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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






2. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






3. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






4. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






5. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






6. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






7. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






8. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






9. 2 lymphocytes






10. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






11. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






12. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






13. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






14. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






15. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






16. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






17. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






18. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






19. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






20. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






21. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






22. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






23. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






24. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






25. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






26. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






27. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






28. Flow of blood through a tissue






29. Fat storage cells of the body






30. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






31. Where are RBCs broken down?






32. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






33. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






34. 2 chambers of the heart






35. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






36. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






37. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






38. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






39. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






40. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






41. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






42. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






43. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






44. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






45. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






46. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






47. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






48. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






49. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






50. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues