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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






2. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






3. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






4. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






5. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






6. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






7. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






8. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






9. Purpose of erythrocytes?






10. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






11. Universal acceptor






12. Where are RBCs broken down?






13. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






14. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






15. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






16. Fat storage cells of the body






17. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






18. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






19. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






20. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






21. 2 ways to increase venous return






22. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






23. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






24. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






25. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






26. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






27. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






28. Flow of blood through a tissue






29. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






30. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






31. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






32. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






33. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






34. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






35. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






36. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






37. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






38. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






39. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






40. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






41. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






42. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






43. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






44. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






45. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






46. 2 lymphocytes






47. When do semilunar valves close?






48. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






49. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






50. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil