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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When do semilunar valves close?






2. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






3. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






4. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






5. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






6. 2 chambers of the heart






7. Flow of blood through a tissue






8. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






9. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






10. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






11. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






12. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






13. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






14. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






15. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






16. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






17. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






18. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






19. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






20. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






21. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






22. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






23. 2 ways to increase venous return






24. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






25. Universal acceptor






26. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






27. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






28. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






29. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






30. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






31. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






32. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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33. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






34. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






35. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






36. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






37. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






38. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






39. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






40. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






41. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






42. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






43. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






44. Universal donor






45. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






46. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






47. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






48. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






49. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






50. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction