Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






2. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






3. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






4. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






5. Universal donor






6. 2 lymphocytes






7. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






8. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






9. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






10. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






11. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






12. Number of systole contractions per unit time






13. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






14. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






15. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






16. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






17. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






18. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






19. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






20. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






21. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






22. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






23. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






24. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






25. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






26. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






27. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






28. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






29. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






30. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






31. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






32. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






33. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






34. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






35. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






36. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






37. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






38. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






39. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






40. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






41. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






42. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






43. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






44. Fat storage cells of the body






45. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






46. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






47. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






48. Flow of blood through a tissue






49. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






50. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)