Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 lymphocytes






2. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






3. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






4. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






5. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






6. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






7. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






8. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






9. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






10. When do Rh antibodies develop?






11. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






12. Number of systole contractions per unit time






13. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






14. Purpose of erythrocytes?






15. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






16. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






17. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






18. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






19. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






20. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






21. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






22. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






23. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






24. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






25. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






26. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






27. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






28. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






29. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






30. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






31. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






32. 2 ways to increase venous return






33. 2 chambers of the heart






34. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






35. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






36. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






37. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






38. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






39. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






40. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






41. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






42. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






43. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






44. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






45. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






46. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






47. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






48. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






49. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






50. Which is longer - diastole or systole?