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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






2. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






3. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






4. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






5. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






6. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






7. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






8. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






9. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






10. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






11. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






12. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






13. Purpose of erythrocytes?






14. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






15. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






16. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






17. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






18. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






19. 2 chambers of the heart






20. 2 ways to increase venous return






21. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






22. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






23. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






24. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






25. What is the direct cause of edema?






26. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






27. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






28. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






29. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






30. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






31. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






32. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






33. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






34. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






35. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






36. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






37. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






38. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






39. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






40. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






41. Number of systole contractions per unit time






42. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






43. Fat storage cells of the body






44. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






45. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






46. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






47. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






48. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






49. When do Rh antibodies develop?






50. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential