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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






2. Universal donor






3. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






4. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






5. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






6. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






7. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






8. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






9. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






10. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






11. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






12. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






13. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






14. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






15. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






16. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






17. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






18. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






19. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






20. 2 ways to increase venous return






21. When do semilunar valves close?






22. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






23. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






24. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






25. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






26. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






27. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






28. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






29. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






30. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






31. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






32. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






33. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






34. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






35. When do Rh antibodies develop?






36. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






37. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






38. Fat storage cells of the body






39. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






40. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






41. Flow of blood through a tissue






42. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






43. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






44. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






45. Number of systole contractions per unit time






46. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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47. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






48. 2 portal systems to know






49. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






50. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow