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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






2. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






3. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






4. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






5. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






6. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






7. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






8. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






9. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






10. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






11. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






12. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






13. When do Rh antibodies develop?






14. Universal donor






15. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






16. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






17. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






18. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






19. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






20. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






21. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






22. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






23. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






24. When do semilunar valves close?






25. Fat storage cells of the body






26. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






27. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






28. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






29. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






30. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






31. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






32. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






33. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






34. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






35. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






36. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






37. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






38. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






39. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






40. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






41. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






42. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






43. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






44. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






45. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






46. Purpose of erythrocytes?






47. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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48. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






49. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






50. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction