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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






2. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






3. 2 ways to increase venous return






4. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






5. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






6. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






7. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






8. 2 lymphocytes






9. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






10. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






11. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






12. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






13. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






14. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






15. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






16. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






17. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






18. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






19. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






20. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






21. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






22. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






23. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






24. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






25. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






26. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






27. 2 portal systems to know






28. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






29. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






30. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






31. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






32. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






33. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






34. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






35. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






36. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






37. Purpose of erythrocytes?






38. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






39. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






40. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






41. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






42. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






43. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






44. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






45. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






46. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






47. Universal donor






48. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






49. Number of systole contractions per unit time






50. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft