SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound
Right atrium
Diastole
neutrophil
T- tubules
2. Universal donor
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
Na leak channels
adipocytes
albumin
3. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle
bicuspid (mitral) valve
Lipoproteins
ventricles
T- tubules
4. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns
venous blood pressure
Right atrium
Portal systems
eosinophil
5. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels
amino acids and glucose
B cells and T cells
urea
Ca channels
6. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)
Right atrium
Diastole
Ohm's law
Vagal Signal
7. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
Inflammation
Coronary arteries
neutrophil
8. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)
Ischemia
B cells and T cells
Rh blood group
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
9. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction
Thrombus
stroke volume
Capillaries
high osmolarity of tissues
10. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
Temperature or metabolic rate
pulse pressure
capillaries
11. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
Cardiac muscle cells
Baroreceptors
local autoregulation
12. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes
Blood plasma
systemic circulation
bicuspid (mitral) valve
Portal systems
13. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells
coronary sinus
local autoregulation
Ischemia
Intercalated discs
14. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels
capillaries
Repolarization of nodes
atria and ventricles
Diastole
15. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)
Lipoproteins
Erythrocytes
ABO blood group
Ischemia
16. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity
systemic arterial blood pressure
capillaries
tricuspid valve
Tense
17. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins
systemic arterial blood pressure
oncotic pressure
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
heart
18. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart
Functional syncytium
capillaries
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
Coronary veins
19. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume
Temperature or metabolic rate
systolic blood pressure
Frank - Starling Effect
Cardiac muscle cells
20. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure
arteries
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
Valves of the venous system
21. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding
hemostasis
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
tricuspid valve
Bundle of His
22. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart
Waste
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
pulmonary circulation
WBC
23. Fat storage cells of the body
adipocytes
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
Thrombus
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
24. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)
cardiac output (L/min)
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
25. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance
venous blood pressure
Valves of the venous system
2 components of antigens
Perfusion
26. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
heart
Coronary arteries
heart rate
27. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
Internodal tract
adrenergic tone
28. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste
Blood plasma
chylomicrons
Frank - Starling Effect
hemostasis
29. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
SA node
30. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
megakaryocytes
Ohm's law
Valves of the venous system
31. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group
basophil
fats
bilirubin
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
32. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins
pulmonary circulation
Diastole is longer
T- tubules
serum
33. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?
Temperature or metabolic rate
Inflammation
Internodal tract
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
34. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin
hypoxia
pulmonary circulation
fibrin
Diastole
35. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system
varicose veins
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
Ohm's law
valves
36. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell
urea
Na leak channels
Diastole is longer
Diastole
37. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization
Diastole
local autoregulation
Rh blood group
Vagal Signal
38. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
Functional syncytium
Peripheral resistance
SA node
39. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed
heart rate
amino acids and glucose
Thrombus
pulmonary circulation
40. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound
macrophage
atria and ventricles
fibrin
Systole
41. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries
coronary sinus
Sympathetic regulation of heart
diastolic blood pressure
fats
42. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle
adrenergic tone
Hemoglobin
hypoxia
Hepatic portal vein
43. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil
Relaxed
nutrients
Inflammation
Granulocytes
44. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting
Granulocytes
fibrinogen
basophil
Slow Ca channels
45. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries
Intercalated discs
WBC
SA node
systemic arterial blood pressure
46. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?
systemic circulation
resistance
albumin
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
47. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential
macrophage
resistance
Fast Na channels
Peripheral resistance
48. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
bicuspid (mitral) valve
SA node
Functional syncytium
49. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft
Lipoproteins
neutrophil
Capillaries
urea
50. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall
local autoregulation
ventricles
chylomicrons
resistance