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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 30 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






2. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






3. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






4. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






5. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






6. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






7. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






8. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






9. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






10. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






11. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






12. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






13. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






14. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






15. When do semilunar valves close?






16. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






17. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






18. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






19. 2 portal systems to know






20. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






21. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






22. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






23. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






24. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






25. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






26. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






27. Purpose of erythrocytes?






28. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






29. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R


30. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






31. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






32. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






33. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






34. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






35. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






36. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






37. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






38. Universal acceptor






39. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






40. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






41. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






42. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






43. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






44. 2 chambers of the heart






45. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






46. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






47. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






48. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






49. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






50. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4