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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Flow of blood through a tissue






2. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






3. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






4. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






5. Universal donor






6. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






7. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






8. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






9. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






10. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






11. When do semilunar valves close?






12. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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13. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






14. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






15. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






16. What is the direct cause of edema?






17. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






18. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






19. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






20. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






21. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






22. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






23. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






24. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






25. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






26. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






27. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






28. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






29. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






30. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






31. Where are RBCs broken down?






32. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






33. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






34. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






35. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






36. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






37. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






38. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






39. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






40. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






41. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






42. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






43. When do Rh antibodies develop?






44. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






45. Number of systole contractions per unit time






46. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






47. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






48. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






49. 2 ways to increase venous return






50. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials