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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






2. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






3. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






4. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






5. 2 lymphocytes






6. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






7. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






8. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






9. What is the direct cause of edema?






10. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






11. Where are RBCs broken down?






12. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






13. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






14. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






15. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






16. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






17. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






18. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






19. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






20. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






21. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






22. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






23. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






24. 2 chambers of the heart






25. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






26. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






27. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






28. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






29. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






30. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






31. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






32. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






33. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






34. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






35. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






36. Universal donor






37. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






38. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






39. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






40. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






41. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






42. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






43. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






44. When do semilunar valves close?






45. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






46. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






47. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






48. Number of systole contractions per unit time






49. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






50. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles