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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 lymphocytes






2. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






3. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






4. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






5. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






6. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






7. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






8. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






9. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






10. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






11. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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12. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






13. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






14. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






15. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






16. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






17. Universal donor






18. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






19. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






20. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






21. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






22. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






23. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






24. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






25. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






26. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






27. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






28. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






29. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






30. Fat storage cells of the body






31. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






32. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






33. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






34. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






35. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






36. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






37. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






38. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






39. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






40. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






41. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






42. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






43. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






44. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






45. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






46. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






47. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






48. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






49. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






50. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste