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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fat storage cells of the body






2. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






3. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






4. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






5. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






6. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






7. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






8. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






9. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






10. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






11. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






12. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






13. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






14. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






15. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






16. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






17. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






18. Purpose of erythrocytes?






19. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






20. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






21. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






22. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






23. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






24. Universal donor






25. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






26. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






27. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






28. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






29. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






30. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






31. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






32. 2 chambers of the heart






33. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






34. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






35. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






36. 2 ways to increase venous return






37. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






38. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






39. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






40. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






41. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






42. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






43. 2 portal systems to know






44. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






45. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






46. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






47. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






48. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






49. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






50. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction







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