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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






2. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






3. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






4. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






5. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






6. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






7. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






8. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






9. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






10. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






11. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






12. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






13. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






14. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






15. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






16. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






17. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






18. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






19. What is the direct cause of edema?






20. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






21. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






22. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






23. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






24. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






25. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






26. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






27. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






28. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






29. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






30. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






31. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






32. 2 lymphocytes






33. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






34. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






35. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






36. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






37. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






38. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






39. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






40. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






41. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






42. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






43. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






44. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






45. Where are RBCs broken down?






46. Purpose of erythrocytes?






47. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






48. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






49. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






50. 2 portal systems to know