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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






2. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






3. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






4. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






5. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






6. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






7. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






8. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






9. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






10. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






11. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






12. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






13. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






14. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






15. Flow of blood through a tissue






16. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






17. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






18. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






19. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






20. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






21. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






22. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






23. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






24. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






25. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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26. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






27. Number of systole contractions per unit time






28. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






29. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






30. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






31. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






32. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






33. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






34. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






35. Universal acceptor






36. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






37. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






38. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






39. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






40. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






41. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






42. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






43. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






44. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






45. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






46. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






47. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






48. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






49. What is the direct cause of edema?






50. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential