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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






2. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






3. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






4. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






5. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






6. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






7. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






8. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






9. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






10. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






11. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






12. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






13. 2 ways to increase venous return






14. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






15. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






16. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






17. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






18. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






19. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






20. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






21. Number of systole contractions per unit time






22. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






23. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






24. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






25. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






26. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






27. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






28. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






29. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






30. When do Rh antibodies develop?






31. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






32. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






33. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






34. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






35. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






36. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






37. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






38. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






39. 2 lymphocytes






40. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






41. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






42. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






43. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






44. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






45. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






46. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






47. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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48. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






49. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






50. Purpose of erythrocytes?