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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






2. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






3. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






4. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






5. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






6. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






7. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






8. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






9. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






10. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






11. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






12. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






13. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






14. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






15. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






16. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






17. 2 chambers of the heart






18. Where are RBCs broken down?






19. Fat storage cells of the body






20. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






21. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






22. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






23. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






24. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






25. What is the direct cause of edema?






26. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






27. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






28. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






29. 2 lymphocytes






30. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






31. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






32. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






33. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






34. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






35. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






36. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






37. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






38. Number of systole contractions per unit time






39. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






40. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






41. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






42. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






43. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






44. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






45. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






46. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






47. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






48. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






49. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






50. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction