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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






2. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






3. 2 ways to increase venous return






4. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






5. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






6. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






7. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






8. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






9. Fat storage cells of the body






10. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






11. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






12. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






13. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






14. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






15. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






16. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






17. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






18. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






19. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






20. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






21. Flow of blood through a tissue






22. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






23. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






24. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






25. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






26. 2 portal systems to know






27. Universal donor






28. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






29. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






30. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






31. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






32. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






33. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






34. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






35. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






36. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






37. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






38. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






39. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






40. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






41. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






42. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






43. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






44. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






45. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






46. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






47. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






48. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






49. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






50. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft