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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






2. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






3. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






4. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






5. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






6. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






7. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






8. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






9. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






10. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






11. Fat storage cells of the body






12. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






13. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






14. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






15. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






16. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






17. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






18. Universal acceptor






19. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






20. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






21. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






22. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






23. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






24. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






25. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






26. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






27. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






28. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






29. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






30. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






31. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






32. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






33. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






34. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






35. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






36. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






37. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






38. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






39. When do Rh antibodies develop?






40. 2 portal systems to know






41. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






42. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






43. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






44. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






45. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






46. When do semilunar valves close?






47. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






48. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






49. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






50. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2