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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






2. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






3. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






4. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






5. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






6. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






7. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






8. Where are RBCs broken down?






9. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






10. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






11. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






12. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






13. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






14. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






15. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






16. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






17. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






18. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






19. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






20. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






21. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






22. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






23. Fat storage cells of the body






24. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






25. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






26. When do Rh antibodies develop?






27. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






28. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






29. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






30. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






31. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






32. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






33. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






34. Purpose of erythrocytes?






35. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






36. 2 ways to increase venous return






37. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






38. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






39. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






40. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






41. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






42. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






43. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






44. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






45. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






46. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






47. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






48. 2 portal systems to know






49. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






50. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers