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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






2. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






3. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






4. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






5. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






6. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






7. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






8. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






9. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






10. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






11. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






12. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






13. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






14. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






15. What is the direct cause of edema?






16. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






17. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






18. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






19. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






20. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






21. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






22. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






23. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






24. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






25. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






26. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






27. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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28. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






29. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






30. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






31. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






32. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






33. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






34. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






35. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






36. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






37. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






38. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






39. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






40. Fat storage cells of the body






41. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






42. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






43. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






44. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






45. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






46. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






47. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






48. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






49. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






50. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting







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