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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Universal donor






2. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






3. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






4. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






5. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






6. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






7. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






8. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






9. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






10. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






11. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






12. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






13. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






14. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






15. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






16. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






17. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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18. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






19. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






20. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






21. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






22. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






23. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






24. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






25. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






26. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






27. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






28. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






29. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






30. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






31. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






32. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






33. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






34. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






35. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






36. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






37. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






38. What is the direct cause of edema?






39. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






40. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






41. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






42. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






43. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






44. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






45. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






46. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






47. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






48. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






49. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






50. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues