Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






2. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






3. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






4. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






5. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






6. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






7. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






8. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






9. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






10. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






11. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






12. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






13. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






14. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






15. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






16. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






17. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






18. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






19. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






20. When do semilunar valves close?






21. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






22. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






23. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






24. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






25. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






26. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






27. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






28. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






29. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






30. 2 chambers of the heart






31. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






32. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






33. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






34. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






35. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






36. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






37. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






38. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






39. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






40. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






41. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






42. Where are RBCs broken down?






43. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






44. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






45. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






46. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






47. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






48. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






49. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






50. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns