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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






2. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






3. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






4. When do semilunar valves close?






5. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






6. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






7. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






8. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






9. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






10. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






11. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






12. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






13. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






14. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






15. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






16. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






17. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






18. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






19. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






20. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






21. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






22. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






23. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






24. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






25. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






26. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






27. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






28. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






29. Fat storage cells of the body






30. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






31. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






32. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






33. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






34. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






35. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






36. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






37. Universal acceptor






38. When do Rh antibodies develop?






39. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






40. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






41. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






42. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






43. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






44. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






45. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






46. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






47. Universal donor






48. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






49. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






50. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply