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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






2. Fat storage cells of the body






3. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






4. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






5. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






6. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






7. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






8. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






9. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






10. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






11. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






12. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






13. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






14. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






15. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






16. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






17. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






18. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






19. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






20. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






21. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






22. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






23. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






24. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






25. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






26. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






27. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






28. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






29. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






30. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






31. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






32. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






33. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






34. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






35. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






36. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






37. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






38. 2 portal systems to know






39. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






40. When do semilunar valves close?






41. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






42. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






43. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






44. 2 lymphocytes






45. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






46. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






47. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






48. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






49. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






50. When do Rh antibodies develop?