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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






2. Flow of blood through a tissue






3. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






4. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






5. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R


6. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






7. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






8. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






9. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






10. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






11. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






12. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






13. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






14. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






15. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






16. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






17. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






18. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






19. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






20. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






21. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






22. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






23. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






24. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






25. Fat storage cells of the body






26. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






27. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






28. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






29. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






30. When do Rh antibodies develop?






31. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






32. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






33. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






34. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






35. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






36. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






37. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






38. 2 chambers of the heart






39. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






40. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






41. Where are RBCs broken down?






42. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






43. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






44. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






45. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






46. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






47. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






48. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






49. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






50. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns