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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






2. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






3. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






4. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






5. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






6. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






7. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






8. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






9. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






10. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






11. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






12. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






13. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






14. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






15. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






16. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






17. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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18. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






19. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






20. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






21. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






22. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






23. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






24. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






25. 2 chambers of the heart






26. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






27. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






28. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






29. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






30. Universal donor






31. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






32. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






33. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






34. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






35. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






36. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






37. When do Rh antibodies develop?






38. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






39. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






40. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






41. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






42. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






43. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






44. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






45. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






46. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






47. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






48. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






49. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






50. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions