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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






2. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






3. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






4. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






5. When do Rh antibodies develop?






6. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






7. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






8. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






9. Purpose of erythrocytes?






10. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






11. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






12. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






13. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






14. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






15. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






16. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






17. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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18. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






19. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






20. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






21. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






22. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






23. Universal acceptor






24. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






25. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






26. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






27. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






28. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






29. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






30. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






31. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






32. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






33. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






34. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






35. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






36. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






37. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






38. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






39. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






40. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






41. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






42. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






43. 2 ways to increase venous return






44. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






45. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






46. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






47. When do semilunar valves close?






48. What is the direct cause of edema?






49. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






50. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4