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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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2. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






3. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






4. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






5. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






6. 2 ways to increase venous return






7. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






8. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






9. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






10. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






11. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






12. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






13. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






14. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






15. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






16. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






17. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






18. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






19. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






20. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






21. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






22. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






23. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






24. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






25. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






26. Where are RBCs broken down?






27. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






28. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






29. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






30. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






31. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






32. 2 portal systems to know






33. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






34. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






35. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






36. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






37. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






38. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






39. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






40. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






41. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






42. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






43. Number of systole contractions per unit time






44. Flow of blood through a tissue






45. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






46. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






47. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






48. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






49. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






50. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels