SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
ABO blood group
megakaryocytes
Bundle of His
2. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction
local autoregulation
Bundle of His
coronary sinus
Erythrocytes
3. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
neutrophil
Hepatic portal vein
atria and ventricles
4. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)
hypoxia
Rh blood group
Functional syncytium
high osmolarity of tissues
5. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume
pulse pressure
Frank - Starling Effect
Fxn of circulatory system
Rh blood group
6. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low
Baroreceptors
Perfusion
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
arteries
7. When do Rh antibodies develop?
Glucose
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
varicose veins
8. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)
cardiac output (L/min)
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
T- tubules
9. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle
venous blood pressure
diastolic blood pressure
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
adrenergic tone
10. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound
diastolic blood pressure
Systole
high osmolarity of tissues
Diastole
11. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group
adipocytes
Capillaries
bilirubin
Erythrocytes
12. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)
amino acids and glucose
hypoxia
Hepatic portal vein
Vagal Signal
13. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins
Repolarization of nodes
oncotic pressure
T- tubules
Tense
14. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.
Thrombus
adipocytes
fibrin
Relaxed
15. 2 portal systems to know
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
neutrophil
Platelet fxn
16. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization
Tense
Vagal Signal
high osmolarity of tissues
hypoxia
17. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
Coronary veins
Waste
bone marrow
18. Where are RBCs broken down?
serum
Spleen and liver
Bundle of His
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
19. Where do all components of the blood develop from?
chylomicrons
systemic circulation
Intercalated discs
bone marrow
20. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream
hemophilia
urea
Thrombus
heart
21. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins
Sympathetic regulation of heart
Valves of the venous system
Ohm's law
bilirubin
22. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?
neutrophil
Vagal Signal
high osmolarity of tissues
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
23. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)
venous return
Na leak channels
Fast Na channels
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
24. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft
WBC
Sickle cell anemia
bone marrow
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
25. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy
systolic blood pressure
eosinophil
Peripheral resistance
fats
26. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste
capillaries
Blood plasma
Thrombus
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
27. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction
heart
stroke volume
Coronary veins
AV node
28. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava
coronary sinus
ventricles
Peripheral resistance
hypoxia
29. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance
venous blood pressure
Diastole is longer
pulmonary circulation
urea
30. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes
Sympathetic regulation of heart
Portal systems
Diastole is longer
veins
31. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2
Hemoglobin
macrophage
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
Ischemia
32. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle
Coronary arteries
local autoregulation
bicuspid (mitral) valve
Valves of the venous system
33. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
Repolarization of nodes
Thrombus
veins
34. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential
Frank - Starling Effect
capillaries
Platelet fxn
Fast Na channels
35. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste
high osmolarity of tissues
Ischemia
Frank - Starling Effect
cardiac output (L/min)
36. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
eosinophil
Sympathetic regulation of heart
bilirubin
37. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns
arteries
adipocytes
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
basophil
38. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4
hypoxia
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
coronary sinus
atrioventricular valves
39. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis
macrophage
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
adrenergic tone
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
40. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure
hypoxia
arteries
Coronary arteries
atrioventricular valves
41. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system
Hemoglobin
valves
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
pulmonary circulation
42. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft
T- tubules
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
Tense
fibrinogen
43. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
urea
coronary sinus
44. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node
Na leak channels
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
Internodal tract
veins
45. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries
systemic arterial blood pressure
ventricles
tricuspid valve
veins
46. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
amino acids and glucose
adrenergic tone
Intercalated discs
47. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction
systemic arterial blood pressure
Valves of the venous system
Slow Ca channels
Blood plasma
48. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?
Spleen and liver
high osmolarity of tissues
Waste
nutrients
49. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity
Sympathetic regulation of heart
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
Tense
serum
50. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)
Right atrium
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
ABO blood group
tricuspid valve