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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






2. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






3. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






4. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






5. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






6. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






7. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






8. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






9. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






10. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






11. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






12. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






13. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






14. Where are RBCs broken down?






15. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






16. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






17. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






18. 2 portal systems to know






19. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






20. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






21. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






22. 2 lymphocytes






23. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






24. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






25. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






26. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






27. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






28. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






29. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






30. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






31. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






32. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






33. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






34. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






35. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






36. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






37. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






38. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






39. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






40. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






41. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






42. When do semilunar valves close?






43. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






44. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






45. Purpose of erythrocytes?






46. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






47. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






48. Number of systole contractions per unit time






49. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






50. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles