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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






2. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






3. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






4. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






5. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






6. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






7. 2 chambers of the heart






8. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






9. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






10. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






11. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






12. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






13. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






14. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






15. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






16. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






17. 2 ways to increase venous return






18. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






19. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






20. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






21. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






22. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






23. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






24. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






25. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






26. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






27. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






28. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






29. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






30. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






31. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






32. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






33. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






34. When do Rh antibodies develop?






35. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






36. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






37. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






38. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






39. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






40. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






41. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






42. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






43. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






44. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






45. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






46. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






47. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






48. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






49. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






50. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting