SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure
Cardiac muscle cells
veins
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
2. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?
megakaryocytes
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
varicose veins
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
3. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high
high osmolarity of tissues
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
systemic arterial blood pressure
Relaxed
4. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
stroke volume
Ohm's law
5. Purpose of erythrocytes?
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
Frank - Starling Effect
veins
Coronary veins
6. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
Lipoproteins
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
7. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers
fibrin
T- tubules
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
8. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells
venous return
hemophilia
SA node
Intercalated discs
9. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time
local autoregulation
atrioventricular valves
capillaries
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
10. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
venous blood pressure
11. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets
megakaryocytes
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
chylomicrons
Coronary veins
12. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
13. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2
varicose veins
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
Hemoglobin
megakaryocytes
14. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle
arteries
systolic blood pressure
Fast Na channels
resistance
15. Where do all components of the blood develop from?
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
bone marrow
fats
heart
16. Universal donor
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
basophil
Slow Ca channels
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
17. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
Fxn of circulatory system
bilirubin
Perfusion
18. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)
Fast Na channels
venous return
hemostasis
venous blood pressure
19. Number of systole contractions per unit time
Slow Ca channels
Erythropoetin
heart rate
Rh blood group
20. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity
megakaryocytes
Tense
Hemoglobin
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
21. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
Erythrocytes
Intercalated discs
albumin
22. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver
Hepatic portal vein
ventricles
veins
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
23. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart
ventricles
Hemoglobin
ABO blood group
Coronary veins
24. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
Ohm's law
fats
Sympathetic regulation of heart
25. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle
Slow Ca channels
adrenergic tone
coronary sinus
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
26. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed
amino acids and glucose
Glucose
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
Erythropoetin
27. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart
heart
Blood plasma
pulmonary circulation
resistance
28. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
29. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3
Perfusion
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
T- tubules
30. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart
urea
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
varicose veins
atria and ventricles
31. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)
stroke volume
Hemoglobin
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
Waste
32. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2
Erythrocytes
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
Spleen and liver
bone marrow
33. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2
Temperature or metabolic rate
stroke volume
Thrombus
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
34. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues
Relaxed
Fxn of circulatory system
Vagal Signal
ABO blood group
35. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
ventricles
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
local autoregulation
36. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
Portal systems
37. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
38. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding
Sickle cell anemia
High since the concentration of plasma proteins has increased due to movement of water
Vagal Signal
Platelet fxn
39. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
hypoxia
Ischemia
fats
40. Fat storage cells of the body
Lipoproteins
Functional syncytium
adipocytes
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
41. When do Rh antibodies develop?
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
Functional syncytium
fibrin
42. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava
coronary sinus
systemic arterial blood pressure
Diastole
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
43. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft
stroke volume
hypoxia
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
WBC
44. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4
Internodal tract
bilirubin
Intercalated discs
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
45. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.
Relaxed
Diastole is longer
AB+ since no antibodies are made to any blood type
Tense
46. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
chylomicrons
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
fibrin
47. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
albumin
systolic blood pressure
Tense
48. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste
local autoregulation
Ischemia
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
urea
49. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels
neutrophil
heart
fats
Fxn of circulatory system
50. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries
Erythropoetin
Right atrium
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
ventricles