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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






2. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






3. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






4. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






5. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






6. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






7. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






8. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






9. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






10. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






11. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






12. Universal acceptor






13. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






14. When do semilunar valves close?






15. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






16. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






17. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






18. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






19. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






20. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






21. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






22. 2 portal systems to know






23. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






24. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






25. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






26. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






27. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






28. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






29. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






30. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






31. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






32. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






33. Where are RBCs broken down?






34. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






35. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






36. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






37. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






38. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






39. When do Rh antibodies develop?






40. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






41. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






42. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






43. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






44. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






45. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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46. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






47. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






48. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






49. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






50. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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