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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fat storage cells of the body






2. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






3. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






4. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






5. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






6. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






7. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






8. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






9. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






10. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






11. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






12. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






13. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






14. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






15. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






16. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






17. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






18. Purpose of erythrocytes?






19. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






20. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






21. 2 chambers of the heart






22. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






23. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






24. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






25. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






26. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






27. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






28. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






29. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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30. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






31. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






32. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






33. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






34. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






35. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






36. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






37. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






38. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






39. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






40. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






41. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






42. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






43. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






44. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






45. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






46. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






47. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






48. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






49. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






50. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?