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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 ways to increase venous return






2. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






3. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






4. 2 portal systems to know






5. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






6. Universal acceptor






7. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






8. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






9. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






10. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






11. When do semilunar valves close?






12. When do Rh antibodies develop?






13. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






14. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






15. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






16. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






17. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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18. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






19. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






20. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






21. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






22. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






23. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






24. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






25. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






26. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






27. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






28. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






29. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






30. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






31. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






32. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






33. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






34. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






35. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






36. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






37. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






38. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






39. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






40. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






41. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






42. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






43. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






44. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






45. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






46. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






47. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






48. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






49. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






50. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries