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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Universal acceptor






2. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






3. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






4. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






5. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






6. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






7. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






8. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






9. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






10. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






11. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






12. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






13. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






14. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






15. When do Rh antibodies develop?






16. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






17. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






18. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






19. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






20. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






21. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






22. 2 portal systems to know






23. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






24. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






25. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






26. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






27. Number of systole contractions per unit time






28. 2 ways to increase venous return






29. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






30. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






31. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






32. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






33. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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34. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






35. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






36. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






37. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






38. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






39. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






40. Purpose of erythrocytes?






41. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






42. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






43. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






44. What is the direct cause of edema?






45. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






46. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






47. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






48. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






49. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






50. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction