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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






2. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






3. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






4. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






5. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






6. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






7. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






8. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






9. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






10. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






11. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






12. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






13. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






14. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






15. 2 ways to increase venous return






16. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






17. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






18. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






19. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






20. Universal donor






21. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






22. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






23. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






24. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






25. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






26. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






27. When do Rh antibodies develop?






28. Universal acceptor






29. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






30. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






31. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






32. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






33. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






34. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






35. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






36. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






37. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






38. Where are RBCs broken down?






39. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






40. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






41. Flow of blood through a tissue






42. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






43. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






44. When do semilunar valves close?






45. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






46. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






47. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






48. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






49. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






50. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high