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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






2. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






3. Universal donor






4. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






5. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






6. 2 portal systems to know






7. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






8. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






9. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






10. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






11. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






12. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






13. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






14. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






15. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






16. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






17. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






18. When do semilunar valves close?






19. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






20. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






21. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






22. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






23. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






24. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






25. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






26. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






27. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






28. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






29. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






30. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






31. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






32. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






33. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






34. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






35. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






36. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






37. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






38. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






39. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






40. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






41. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






42. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






43. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






44. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






45. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






46. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






47. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






48. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






49. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






50. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle







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