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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






2. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






3. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






4. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






5. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






6. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






7. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






8. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






9. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






10. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






11. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






12. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






13. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






14. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






15. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






16. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






17. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






18. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






19. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






20. Where are RBCs broken down?






21. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






22. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






23. 2 lymphocytes






24. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






25. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






26. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






27. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






28. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






29. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






30. Fat storage cells of the body






31. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






32. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






33. Universal donor






34. When do Rh antibodies develop?






35. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






36. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






37. What is the direct cause of edema?






38. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






39. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






40. Purpose of erythrocytes?






41. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






42. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






43. 2 portal systems to know






44. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






45. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






46. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






47. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






48. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






49. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






50. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction