Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






2. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






3. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






4. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






5. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






6. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






7. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






8. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






9. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






10. 2 lymphocytes






11. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






12. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






13. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






14. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






15. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






16. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






17. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






18. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






19. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






20. What is the direct cause of edema?






21. 2 ways to increase venous return






22. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






23. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






24. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






25. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






26. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






27. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






28. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






29. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






30. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






31. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






32. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






33. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






34. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






35. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






36. Purpose of erythrocytes?






37. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






38. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






39. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






40. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






41. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






42. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






43. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






44. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






45. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






46. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






47. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






48. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






49. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






50. 2 portal systems to know