Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






2. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






3. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






4. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






5. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






6. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






7. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






8. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






9. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






10. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






11. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






12. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






13. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






14. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






15. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






16. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






17. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






18. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






19. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






20. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






21. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






22. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






23. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






24. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






25. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






26. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






27. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






28. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






29. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






30. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






31. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






32. 2 portal systems to know






33. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






34. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






35. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






36. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






37. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






38. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






39. Fat storage cells of the body






40. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






41. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






42. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






43. Flow of blood through a tissue






44. 2 ways to increase venous return






45. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






46. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






47. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






48. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






49. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






50. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins