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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






2. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






3. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






4. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






5. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






6. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






7. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






8. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






9. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






10. Number of systole contractions per unit time






11. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






12. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






13. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






14. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






15. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






16. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






17. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






18. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






19. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






20. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






21. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






22. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






23. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






24. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






25. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






26. 2 portal systems to know






27. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






28. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






29. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






30. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






31. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






32. 2 lymphocytes






33. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






34. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






35. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






36. When do Rh antibodies develop?






37. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






38. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






39. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






40. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






41. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






42. Fat storage cells of the body






43. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






44. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






45. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






46. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






47. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






48. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






49. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






50. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization