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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fat storage cells of the body






2. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






3. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






4. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






5. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






6. Universal donor






7. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






8. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






9. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






10. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






11. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






12. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






13. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






14. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






15. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






16. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






17. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






18. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






19. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






20. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






21. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






22. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






23. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






24. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






25. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






26. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






27. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






28. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






29. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






30. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






31. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






32. Number of systole contractions per unit time






33. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






34. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






35. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






36. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






37. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






38. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






39. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






40. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






41. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






42. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






43. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






44. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






45. 2 lymphocytes






46. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






47. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






48. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






49. Purpose of erythrocytes?






50. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids