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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






2. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






3. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






4. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






5. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






6. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






7. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






8. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






9. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






10. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






11. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






12. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






13. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






14. 2 lymphocytes






15. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






16. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






17. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






18. What is the direct cause of edema?






19. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






20. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






21. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






22. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






23. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






24. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






25. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






26. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






27. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






28. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






29. When do Rh antibodies develop?






30. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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31. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






32. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






33. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






34. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






35. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






36. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






37. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






38. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






39. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






40. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






41. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






42. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






43. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






44. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






45. Number of systole contractions per unit time






46. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






47. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






48. 2 ways to increase venous return






49. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






50. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization