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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






2. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






3. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






4. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






5. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






6. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






7. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






8. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






9. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






10. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






11. When do Rh antibodies develop?






12. Universal acceptor






13. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






14. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






15. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






16. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






17. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






18. When do semilunar valves close?






19. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






20. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






21. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






22. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






23. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






24. Where are RBCs broken down?






25. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






26. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






27. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






28. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






29. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






30. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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31. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






32. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






33. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






34. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






35. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






36. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






37. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






38. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






39. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






40. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






41. 2 portal systems to know






42. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






43. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






44. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






45. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






46. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






47. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






48. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






49. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






50. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed