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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






2. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






3. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






4. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






5. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






6. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






7. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






8. When do Rh antibodies develop?






9. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






10. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






11. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






12. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






13. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






14. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






15. 2 chambers of the heart






16. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






17. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






18. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






19. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






20. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






21. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






22. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






23. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






24. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






25. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






26. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






27. 2 lymphocytes






28. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






29. When do semilunar valves close?






30. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






31. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






32. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






33. 2 portal systems to know






34. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






35. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






36. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






37. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






38. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






39. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






40. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






41. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






42. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






43. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






44. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






45. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






46. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






47. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






48. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






49. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?






50. Universal acceptor







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