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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






2. Universal donor






3. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






4. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






5. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






6. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






7. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






8. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






9. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






10. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






11. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






12. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






13. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






14. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






15. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






16. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






17. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






18. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






19. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






20. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






21. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






22. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






23. Fat storage cells of the body






24. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






25. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






26. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






27. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






28. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






29. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






30. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






31. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






32. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






33. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






34. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






35. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






36. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






37. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






38. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






39. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






40. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






41. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






42. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






43. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






44. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






45. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






46. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






47. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






48. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






49. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






50. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall