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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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2. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






3. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






4. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






5. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






6. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






7. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






8. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






9. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






10. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






11. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






12. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






13. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






14. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






15. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






16. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






17. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






18. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






19. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






20. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






21. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






22. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






23. Number of systole contractions per unit time






24. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






25. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






26. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






27. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






28. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






29. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






30. When do semilunar valves close?






31. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






32. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






33. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






34. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






35. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






36. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






37. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






38. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






39. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






40. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






41. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






42. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






43. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






44. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






45. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






46. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






47. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






48. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






49. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






50. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar