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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






2. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






3. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






4. Flow of blood through a tissue






5. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






6. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






7. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






8. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






9. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






10. Number of systole contractions per unit time






11. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






12. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






13. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






14. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins






15. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






16. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






17. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






18. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






19. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






20. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






21. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






22. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






23. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






24. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






25. Universal donor






26. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






27. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






28. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






29. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






30. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






31. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






32. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






33. 2 ways to increase venous return






34. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






35. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






36. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






37. Where are RBCs broken down?






38. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






39. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






40. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






41. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






42. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






43. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






44. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






45. 2 lymphocytes






46. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






47. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






48. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






49. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






50. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste







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