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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






2. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






3. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






4. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






5. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






6. 2 ways to increase venous return






7. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






8. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






9. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






10. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






11. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






12. Fat storage cells of the body






13. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






14. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






15. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






16. 2 chambers of the heart






17. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






18. 2 portal systems to know






19. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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20. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






21. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






22. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






23. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






24. Flow of blood through a tissue






25. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






26. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






27. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






28. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






29. Purpose of erythrocytes?






30. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






31. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






32. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






33. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






34. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






35. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






36. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






37. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






38. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






39. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






40. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






41. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






42. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






43. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






44. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






45. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






46. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






47. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






48. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






49. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






50. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow