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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Universal acceptor






2. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






3. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






4. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






5. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






6. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






7. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






8. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






9. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow






10. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






11. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






12. When do Rh antibodies develop?






13. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






14. Purpose of erythrocytes?






15. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






16. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






17. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






18. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






19. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






20. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






21. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






22. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






23. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






24. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






25. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






26. 2 chambers of the heart






27. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






28. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






29. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






30. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






31. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






32. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall






33. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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34. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






35. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






36. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






37. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft






38. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






39. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






40. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






41. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






42. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






43. Number of systole contractions per unit time






44. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






45. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle






46. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






47. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






48. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






49. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






50. 2 lymphocytes