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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






2. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






3. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






4. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






5. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






6. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






7. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






8. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






9. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






10. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues






11. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






12. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries






13. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






14. What is the direct cause of edema?






15. Contraction of the ventricles - where pressure increases rapidly - causing AV valves to close - Marks the beginning of the 'lub' sound






16. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






17. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions






18. 2 ways to increase venous return






19. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






20. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






21. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






22. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






23. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






24. 1. depolarization caused by fast Na channels - where action potential through intercalated discs reaches threshold potential - opening Na channels 2. initial depolarization with Na channels closing and k channels opening - but Ca channels also open 3






25. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






26. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






27. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






28. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






29. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






30. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






31. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






32. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding






33. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






34. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






35. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






36. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






37. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






38. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






39. 2 portal systems to know






40. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins






41. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






42. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






43. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart






44. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart






45. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






46. Universal donor






47. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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48. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






49. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






50. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?







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