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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






2. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries






3. When do semilunar valves close?






4. Purpose of erythrocytes?






5. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






6. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






7. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






8. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






9. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles






10. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






11. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






12. Produced during cell metabolism and diffuses through the endothelial cells into the blood stream - where it is picked up by the liver and converted to forms that can be excreted (all other wastes are picked up by the kidneys)






13. Glucose - amino acids - and fats






14. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






15. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






16. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high






17. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






18. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






19. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






20. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






21. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






22. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






23. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






24. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






25. 2 portal systems to know






26. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






27. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart






28. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






29. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






30. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






31. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






32. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






33. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






34. Occurs when increased cardiac output is needed; the postganglionic nerve directly innervates the heart - releasing norepinephrine - increasing heart rate and force of contraction






35. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






36. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells






37. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






38. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






39. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






40. What is the direct cause of edema?






41. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






42. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






43. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






44. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle






45. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






46. Request by tissues to increase blood flow - where build up of metabolic waste causes arterioles to dialate






47. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






48. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






49. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






50. Flow of blood through a tissue