SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets
hemophilia
Spleen and liver
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
megakaryocytes
2. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity
Tense
Relaxed
chylomicrons
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
3. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
Platelet fxn
Fxn of circulatory system
Sickle cell anemia
4. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries
diastolic blood pressure
Inflammation
Valves of the venous system
venous blood pressure
5. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
systemic arterial blood pressure
systolic blood pressure
6. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures
pulse pressure
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
resistance
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
7. Opposing friction force to flow - which increases with decreased radius; determined by degree of contraction of arterial smooth muscle
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
SA node
resistance
high osmolarity of tissues
8. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels
Repolarization of nodes
Spleen and liver
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
Erythrocytes
9. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system
Hemoglobin
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
Tense
valves
10. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste
Glucose
Blood plasma
Portal systems
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
11. Body's mechanism of preventing bleeding
systemic arterial blood pressure
hemostasis
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
heart
12. Have single layer endothelial cells w/ spaces in between cells called intercellular cleft
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
Capillaries
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
Repolarization of nodes
13. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)
Right atrium
Internodal tract
heart
Coronary veins
14. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
adipocytes
2 components of antigens
Blood plasma
15. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low
Hepatic portal vein
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
atria and ventricles
2 components of antigens
16. Which is longer - diastole or systole?
oncotic pressure
Diastole is longer
Hemoglobin
Ischemia
17. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance
basophil
venous blood pressure
diastolic blood pressure
Blood plasma
18. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins
serum
adipocytes
bilirubin
Coronary arteries
19. When the valve of a vein fails and back flow occurs; blood not being moved toward the heart
Coronary veins
Inflammation
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
varicose veins
20. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time
Fxn of circulatory system
systemic arterial blood pressure
capillaries
Valves of the venous system
21. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns
systolic blood pressure
eosinophil
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
Diastole
22. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft
ventricles
CNS decreases vagal signal and sympathetic input increases
bicuspid (mitral) valve
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
23. Key proteins for the function of the immune system that are produced and released by B- cells
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
neutrophil
pulmonary circulation
eosinophil
24. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells
Intercalated discs
T- tubules
hypoxia
atria
25. Tissue which the cytoplasm of different cells communicate via gap junctions
Functional syncytium
fats
Erythrocytes
neutrophil
26. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft
Inflammation
WBC
SA node
Ischemia
27. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too high
Peripheral resistance
fibrin
venous blood pressure
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
28. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)
Rh blood group
systemic arterial blood pressure
Fxn of circulatory system
bilirubin
29. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
atrioventricular valves
Internodal tract
Inflammation
30. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)
Fast Na channels
Thrombus
cardiac output (L/min)
Right atrium
31. 2 chambers of the heart
atria and ventricles
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
atrioventricular valves
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
32. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis
macrophage
Capillaries
Thrombus
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
33. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins
Functional syncytium
systolic blood pressure
tricuspid valve
hemophilia
34. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential
macrophage
Diastole
Fast Na channels
ABO blood group
35. 2 ways to increase venous return
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
It has the most Na leak channels - allowing to reach threshold potential first; all other nodes leak - but rate at as quick of a rate
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
neutrophil
36. Transportation of blood though the body and exchange of material btw blood and tissues
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
Fxn of circulatory system
Sickle cell anemia
varicose veins
37. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction
bilirubin
Glucose
Bundle of His
venous return
38. Lipoproteins that enter lacteal vessels of lymphatic system in the intestinal wall
Spleen and liver
chylomicrons
Capillaries
venous blood pressure
39. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone
veins
Fxn of circulatory system
atrioventricular valves
Peripheral resistance
40. Where are RBCs broken down?
Na leak channels
Spleen and liver
Systole
Hemoglobin
41. Is cardiac output the same or different btw the two ventricles?
Spleen and liver
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
increased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - which increases the fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the interstitum
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
42. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2
Spleen and liver
Granulocytes
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
Frank - Starling Effect
43. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
bone marrow
Cardiac muscle cells
bicuspid (mitral) valve
44. AV valve between right atrium and right ventricle
albumin
atrioventricular valves
tricuspid valve
2 components of antigens
45. 2 lymphocytes
B cells and T cells
Rh blood group
tricuspid valve
hemophilia
46. Purpose of erythrocytes?
Waste
basophil
Systole
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
47. ABO blood group and Rh blood group
2 components of antigens
Repolarization of nodes
Ca channels
Vagal Signal
48. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis
pulmonary circulation
neutrophil
valves
systolic blood pressure
49. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids
Na leak channels
ventricles
urea
nutrients - wastes - and WBC
50. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin
Diastole
systemic arterial blood pressure
nutrients
fibrin