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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






2. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






3. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






4. Aggregate at site of damage to a blood vessel and form a platelet plug to stop bleeding






5. What is the only process RBC use to generate ATP?






6. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






7. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2






8. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






9. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






10. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






11. Metabolic waste product in breakdown of amino acids






12. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






13. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






14. When do semilunar valves close?






15. Open when threshold is reached causing membrane potential to increase/depolarize; operate slower than Na channels






16. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






17. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






18. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






19. Gap junctions in the cardiac muscle - where depolarization is communicated directly btw cytoplasm of neighboring cardiac cells






20. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






21. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2






22. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels






23. Maximize entry of Ca into the cell by allowing entry of Ca extracellular environment; leads to contraction of actin - myosin fibers






24. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






25. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






26. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer






27. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






28. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins






29. Universal donor






30. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






31. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






32. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials






33. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles






34. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






35. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






36. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






37. 3 factors that dictate the affinity of hemoglobin for O2






38. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






39. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell






40. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






41. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






42. Universal acceptor






43. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






44. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






45. Difference in pressure=blood flow (L/min)*resitance ^P=Q*R

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46. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






47. Muscular pump that forces blood through series of branching vessels






48. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






49. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil






50. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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