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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






2. Absorbed by the GI tract and brought to the liver via the hepatic portal vein - where they are stored in the liver and enter the blood stream when needed






3. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






4. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






5. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






6. Purpose of erythrocytes?






7. Response by CNS when blood pressure is too low






8. The principle sugar in blood that maintains a relatively constant concentration for adequate nutrition






9. Where are RBCs broken down?






10. As low as pressure gets btw heart beats in arteries






11. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream






12. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply






13. When do Rh antibodies develop?






14. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






15. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)






16. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart






17. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






18. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






19. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets






20. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






21. ABO blood group and Rh blood group






22. Universal acceptor






23. Number of systole contractions per unit time






24. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






25. 2 ways to increase venous return






26. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow






27. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






28. What is the most important plasma protein in the body? Why?






29. When do semilunar valves close?






30. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






31. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver






32. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






33. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time






34. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






35. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting






36. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






37. Vessels that carry blood back to the heart at low pressure






38. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






39. Highest blood pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction






40. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






41. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






42. The difference in pressure divided blood flow; controlled by the sympathetic nervous system generating adrenergic tone






43. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues






44. Active form of fibrinogen - protein forms a mesh that holds platelet plug together to protect wound - ibrinogen is converted to (blank) by thrombin






45. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures






46. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






47. Which is longer - diastole or systole?






48. At position 6 - missense mutation substitutes valine for glutamate. valine is hydrophobic - where glutamate was charged. It is an autosomal recessive disease where RBCs accumulated in small vessels - heterozygote for (blank) shows resistance to malar






49. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






50. Flow of blood through a tissue







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