SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology Circulatory System
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where do all components of the blood develop from?
bone marrow
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
glycolysis. RBC have no ETC - FA oxidation - or TCA cycle
fibrin
2. Allow Na to leak across membrane - causing cell potential to get closer to threshold potential; allow threshold to be reached for Ca channels to open let Ca into the cell
Na leak channels
amino acids and glucose
eosinophil
urea
3. Plasma that lacks clotting proteins
Blood plasma
serum
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
Na leak channels
4. Valves between the ventricle and the atria to prevent back flow
Ohm's law
Thrombus
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
atrioventricular valves
5. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance
Systole
venous blood pressure
Thrombus
WBC
6. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction
increase vagal signal and inhibits sympathetic input
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
Bundle of His
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
7. 2 chambers of the heart
Valves of the venous system
heart rate
atria and ventricles
AV node
8. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste
systolic blood pressure
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
stroke volume
Blood plasma
9. Neutrophil - eosinophil - and basophil
Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
serum
Granulocytes
fats
10. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft
WBC
basophil
Lipoproteins
hypoxia
11. Valves between the large arteries and the ventricles
Lipoproteins
Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
2 components of antigens
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
12. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle
adrenergic tone
Cardiac muscle cells
Ca channels
WBC
13. Peptide hormone secreted from the kidneys to increase RBC production in bone marrow
hemostasis
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
adrenergic tone
Erythropoetin
14. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy
Lipoproteins
Waste
fats
Fast Na channels
15. The difference btw systolic and diastolic blood pressures
Functional syncytium
pulse pressure
Blood plasma
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
16. Protein that maintains oncotic pressure in capillaries
hypoxia
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
albumin
17. 2 ways to increase venous return
chylomicrons
Diastole
albumin
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
18. Large particles consisting of fats - cholesterol - and carrier proteins; transport lipids through the blood stream
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
Lipoproteins
nutrients
atria
19. Region that initiates start of cardiac cycle - which acts as a pacemaker of the heart; has unstable resting potential due to Na leak channels
Platelet fxn
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
Sickle cell anemia
SA node
20. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)
cardiac output (L/min)
Right atrium
amino acids and glucose
adrenergic tone
21. 20% transported stuck to hemoglobin; why increased pCO2 decreases affinity of O2
Perfusion
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
Peripheral resistance
Tense
22. Excessive bleeding that results from defective proteins
veins
atria and ventricles
hemophilia
Spleen and liver
23. First branches from the aorta that provide the heart's blood supply
Coronary arteries
chylomicrons
Hemoglobin
diastolic blood pressure
24. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins
bicuspid (mitral) valve
Relaxed
oncotic pressure
nutrients
25. Force per unit area exerted by blood on walls of arteries
diastolic blood pressure
systemic arterial blood pressure
5 phases of cardiac muscle cell contraction
hepatic portal system and hypothalamic - hypophosial portal system
26. Capillaries dilate - increasing the cleft size - which allows more H2O to move through to tissues
Inflammation
Internodal tract
atria
Thrombus
27. Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs - pumped by the right side of the heart
Ischemia
Portal systems
veins
pulmonary circulation
28. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?
Ischemia
Sympathetic regulation of heart
atrioventricular valves
high osmolarity of tissues
29. Site of exchange btw blood and tissues; smallest vessels that allow one RBC through at a time
neutrophil
capillaries
Peripheral resistance
resistance
30. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis
Hemoglobin
macrophage
fibrin
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
31. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential
macrophage
Fast Na channels
Hemoglobin
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
32. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)
Hepatic portal vein
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
ABO blood group
Diastole
33. Flow from the heart to the rest of the body; pumped by the left side of the heart
hemophilia
Coronary arteries
Intercalated discs
systemic circulation
34. When do Rh antibodies develop?
Right atrium
Perfusion
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
pulse pressure
35. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns
to transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
basophil
atria
pulse pressure
36. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
heart rate
Slow Ca channels
Repolarization of nodes
37. Resting membrane potential of -90mV and have long duration action potentials
Cardiac muscle cells
Lipoproteins
primary bicarbonate generated from CO2.
albumin b/c it provides the bulk of oncotic pressure in blood vessels - preventing edema
38. Vessels where deoxygenated blood from coronary sinus continue to flow into heart
when person that is Rh - is exposed to blood that is Rh+
Coronary veins
Temperature or metabolic rate
Valves of the venous system
39. Connected to SA node via internodal tract - and passes signal to Common bundle of His to contract ventricles
AV node
tricuspid valve
megakaryocytes
Hemoglobin
40. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.
Capillaries
hypoxia
Relaxed
Waste
41. 73% of CO2 converted to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase - and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate - which acts a buffer
Third transportation of CO2 in the blood
Primary transportation fo CO2 in the blood
serum
venous blood pressure
42. Bone marrow cells that give rise to RBC and platelets
megakaryocytes
Right atrium
heart
Internodal tract
43. Connects the two capillary beds of the intestine and the liver
O- since there are no surface antigens for antibodies to bind to...
serum
systolic blood pressure
Hepatic portal vein
44. Reservoirs where blood collects from veins
high osmolarity of tissues
Ca channels
2 components of antigens
atria
45. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction
Valves of the venous system
Tense
1. increase total blood volume by retaining more H2O 2. Contraction of large veins - propelling blood toward the heart
stroke volume
46. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream
Hemolytic disease of a newborn
It is the same - otherwise it would lead to fluid backup
Thrombus
heart
47. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group
bilirubin
Secondary transportation of CO2 in the blood
Platelet fxn
Temperature or metabolic rate
48. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis
neutrophil
Peripheral resistance
arteries
varicose veins
49. Hematocrit or RBC those compose 35-45% of the blood; cells are non - nucleated and have no organelles. Acquire ATP through glycolysis have biconcave shape to maximize surface area for binding O2
Erythrocytes
albumin
T- tubules
Arterial pressure=ventricular pressure
50. Precursor to fibrin - which is necessary for blood clotting
2 components of antigens
fibrinogen
basophil
Peripheral resistance