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MCAT Biology Circulatory System

Subjects : mcat, health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycoproteins that are coded for by 3 alleles (A - B - i)






2. Crosses septum and connects to Purkinje fibers to allow coordinated contraction of ventricles. Key is that is slows transmission across septum to allow ventricles to fully fill before contraction






3. Phagocytose bacteria resulting in pus; amoeboid motility and chemotaxis






4. Rh factor that follows dominant pattern (Rh+ in heterozygote)






5. Stretching to greater degree of heart muscle causes more forceful contraction; stretching increase occur by increasing fluid volume






6. Receptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that notify CNS if blood pressure is high or low






7. When do Rh antibodies develop?






8. Heart rate *stroke volume= (units)






9. Neural sympathetic input by postganglionic neuron of norepinephrine innervating arterial smooth muscle






10. Filling of the ventricles by squeezing of the atria - marks the beginning of the 'dub' sound






11. Breakdown product of the hemogloblin heme group






12. Adequate circulation - but O2 supply is reduced (no build up waste products or loss of nutrients)






13. Osmotic pressure in capillaries due to plasma proteins






14. Confirmation of hemoglobin with O2 bound - where affinity is high 1. pH 2. pCO2 3.






15. 2 portal systems to know






16. Control of by ANS of rate of contraction through the Vagus nerve. Postganglionic release in SA node of ACH inhibits depolarization






17. Mother has Rh - blood with Rh+ antibodies that attack the babies Rh+ blood






18. Where are RBCs broken down?






19. Where do all components of the blood develop from?






20. Blood clot or scab circulating in bloodstream






21. Because the veins have essentially 0 pressure - these valves ensure one - way flow - skeletal muscle contraction encourages flow through veins






22. At the end of the capillary - is the osmotic pressure high or low?






23. Return of blood to the heart by the vena cava - where increased venous return causes increased stretching of the muscle (increases stroke volume)






24. Pass through the capillaries in order to patrol the tissue for invading organisms; only macrophages and neutrophils can squeeze through cleft






25. Absorbed in the intestine and packaged in chylomicrons - which enter the lymphatic system - and dumped into the subclavian vein via the thoracic duct; the liver takes fats once in blood - converts them to another lipoprotein and sends them to adipocy






26. 55% of whole blood that is composed of electrolytes - lipoproteins - sugars - buffer - and metabolic waste






27. Amount of blood pumped w/ each systolic contraction






28. Pool of deoxygenated blood at low pressure - which collects blood from coronary veins - Only deoxygenated blood to not enter the right atrium via the vena cava






29. Essentially 0 mmHg - which results b/c of branching of vessels dissipating pressure to overcome resistance






30. Where blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart; Evolved as direct transport routes






31. Protein in RBC that transport O2 though the blood since O2 is too hydrophobic in plasma; protein has 4 subunits that change confirmation cooperatively depending on the concentration of O2






32. AV valve between left atrium and left ventricle






33. Caused by closure of Ca channels and opening of K channels






34. Voltage - gated channels that open quickly; open at threshold potential






35. Inadequate blood flow - resulting in tissue damage due to shortage of O2 and nutrients - and increase of metabolic waste






36. Destroy parasites and are involved in allergic rxns






37. Store and release histamine and are involved in allergic rxns






38. Buffer in blood. Keeps pH around 7.4






39. Monocyte that phagocytoses debris and microorganisms - has amoeboid motility - and displays chemotaxis






40. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart at high pressure






41. Ensure the one - way flow through the circulatory system






42. 3 substances that can diffuse through intercellular cleft






43. Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker?






44. Path where impulse travels from SA to AV node






45. Pump blood out of the heart at high pressures into arteries






46. CO2 is soluble in H2O - and thus some is dissolved and carried to lungs and tissues in plasma - O2 is not soluble in plasma at all






47. Voltage - gated channels that stay open longer than Na channels and open later responsible for the plateau phase of cardiac muscle contraction






48. What causes tendency of water flow out of blood?






49. Confirmation of hemoglobin with no O2 bound - so it has low affinity






50. Receives deoxygenated blood from systemic circulation (superior and inferior vena cava)