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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






2. The ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. molality (M = moles solute/kg of solution)






3. Gram equivalent weight of solute per liter of solution - often denoted by N.






4. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






5. The hypothetical equation showing only the species that is oxidized or reduced in a redox reaction and the correct number of electrons transferred between the species in the complete - balanced equation.






6. Acids defined as electron - pair acceptors and bases as electron - pair donors.






7. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table






8. When a solute is dissolved in a solvent - it will dissociate until reaching an equilibrium point at which the rate of dissociation equals the rate of precipitation of the solute - regardless of any additional solute introduced into the mixture






9. E=hc/?






10. The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. Can theoretically take on any positive interger. Denoted by the letter n.






11. A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms - resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge






12. An atom - ion - or molecule that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond.






13. Alkaline Earth Metals - 2 valence electrons +2 ions - Magnesium Mg






14. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






15. The energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms






16. Solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating - 3- D pattern - has a specific melting point - classified as ionic network covalent - metallic or molecular.






17. 2.18 x 10^-18 J/electron






18. Keq describes the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration - with each raised to the power corresponding ot its coefficient ion in the balanced equation






19. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






20. An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton






21. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance C>>>>A+B






22. PH=pka+log[base/acid] Used in titration based problems that relates the pH or pOH of a solution to the pK and the ratio of the dissociated species.






23. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






24. When dipoles are dissolved in a solution where ions are present ions wil arrange themselves with the opposite charged end of the dipole.






25. Structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion






26. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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27. A reaction where a compound does Not change its molecular structure.






28. When polar molecules orient themselves such that the positive region of one molecule is close to the negative region of another molecule.






29. A model of acids and bases which an acid is hydrogen ion donor and base is a hydrogen ion acceptor.






30. A solution in which water is the solvent






31. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq






32. The point during a titration when the number of H+ ions and OH- ions are equal. This is at the middle of the steepest part of the titration curve.






33. The slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps






34. (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight






35. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






36. The tendency for an atom to attract electrons to itself when it is chemically combined with another element






37. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4






38. A pair of equal and opposite electric charges or magnetic poles separated by a small distance






39. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






40. Expression of auto - ionization of water into H+ and OH- at a certain temperature - given by the product of the ions' molar concentrations. Denoted by Kw and equal to 10-






41. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






42. A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance A+B>>>>>>>C






43. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds






44. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






45. An uncharged molecule with a single unpaitred electron in its outer ring - very unstable - exists for only about 10 seconds






46. Small discrete increments of energy.






47. Systematic pairing of a deprotonated species (base) with its protonated form (conjugate acid). Conjugates appear on opposite sides of a chemical equation.






48. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






49. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






50. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom