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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Expression of auto - ionization of water into H+ and OH- at a certain temperature - given by the product of the ions' molar concentrations. Denoted by Kw and equal to 10-






2. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.






3. A structural formula in which electrons are represented by dots; dot pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent pairs in covalent bonds.






4. Attractive and repulsive forces between molecules that are weaker than forces within molecules.






5. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






6. Structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion






7. Second quantum number - designated by the letter 'l.' This 'angular momentum' refers to the subshells within each principle quantum energy level. It can take on the value of an integer in the 0 to (n -1) range. The four subshellscorresponding to l=0






8. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






9. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T

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10. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






11. A concentration unit of a solution expressed as moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution






12. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






13. An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton






14. Rare earth element group (elements 58-71)






15. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table






16. A definite stable energy that a physical system can have






17. 4 valence electrons +4 - -4 ions. - Carbon Group can form covalent bonds with nonmetals. Only carbon forms strong pi bonds






18. One - half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together. Since effective nuclear charge increases when moving from left to right each additional electron is pulled more strogly toward the nucleus.






19. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






20. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






21. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






22. The weight in grams of one mole of a given elementand is expressedin tems of grams per mole.






23. A chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion






24. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






25. Elements in the middle of the periodic table - in groups 3-12.






26. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






27. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






28. When polar molecules orient themselves such that the positive region of one molecule is close to the negative region of another molecule.






29. When a solute is dissolved in a solvent - it will dissociate until reaching an equilibrium point at which the rate of dissociation equals the rate of precipitation of the solute - regardless of any additional solute introduced into the mixture






30. Temperature is constant; effusion and temperature are proportional to the square root of their masses

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31. Set of spectral lines appearing in the UV region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>1 to n=1.






32. An equilibrium expression used to measure weak - acid strength - given by the ratio of the product of the products' molar concentrations to the product of the reactants' molar concentrations - with each term raised to the power of its stoichiometric






33. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






34. The tendency for an atom to attract electrons to itself when it is chemically combined with another element






35. 5 valence electrons -3 ions - Nitride N






36. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






37. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






38. The formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron pair donor and an electron pair acceptor






39. The amount of product that can be made in a chemical reaction based on the amount of limiting reactant






40. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






41. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance






42. The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. Can theoretically take on any positive interger. Denoted by the letter n.






43. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached






44. Contains nonmetals that are non - reactive. Full outermost energy level except helium which has 2.






45. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance C>>>>A+B






46. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






47. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






48. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.






49. The ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. molality (M = moles solute/kg of solution)






50. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12