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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






2. (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight






3. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






4. An atom - radical - or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge






5. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






6. States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and momentum of an electron or any other particle






7. Charge assigned to an atom in a molecule or polyatmic ion - calculated by (# valence electrons) - (# 1/2 bonding electrons) - (# nonbonding electrons). Molecules containing atoms with lower formal charges tend to be more stable than those with higher






8. A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms - resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge






9. The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms






10. Spectrum of certain absorbed wavelengths of light corresponding to an atom's spectrum of emitted frequencies of light. Unique to each element. AAS can be used to indentify an element.






11. When polar molecules orient themselves such that the positive region of one molecule is close to the negative region of another molecule.






12. An uncharged molecule with a single unpaitred electron in its outer ring - very unstable - exists for only about 10 seconds






13. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached






14. Specifies the specific orbital in which the electron is most likely to be found. - Third quantum number - designated as ml. Describes a particular orbital within a subshell where an electron is very likely to be found. Possible values are integers in






15. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






16. Set of spectral lines appearing in the UV region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>1 to n=1.






17. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






18. A solution in which water is the solvent






19. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






20. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






21. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






22. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






23. In a solution - the substance that dissolves in the solvent






24. The molar solubility of one salt is reduced when another salt - having a common ion is brought into the same solution






25. Sol - a chemical process in which solvent molecules and molecules or ions of the solute combine to form a compound






26. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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27. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12






28. The ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms






29. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






30. 2.18 x 10^-18 J/electron






31. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T

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32. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.






33. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






34. A naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers






35. A pair of equal and opposite electric charges or magnetic poles separated by a small distance






36. The number of atoms in exactly 12 g of pure 12c and equal to 6.022 x 10^23 is called






37. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






38. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






39. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






40. Substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution






41. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






42. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






43. The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances






44. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






45. The reaction of the ions that characterize acids and the ions that characterize bases to form water molecules and a salt






46. A structural formula in which electrons are represented by dots; dot pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent pairs in covalent bonds.






47. Energy released when an atom or ion in the gaseous state gains an electron. Increases from left to right and from bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






48. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






49. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.






50. A definite stable energy that a physical system can have