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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom Charge of +1 and mass of 1.0073 amu






2. Specifies the specific orbital in which the electron is most likely to be found. - Third quantum number - designated as ml. Describes a particular orbital within a subshell where an electron is very likely to be found. Possible values are integers in






3. The sum of the exponents in a rate law - where each exponent provides the reaction order with respect to its reactants






4. Set of spectral lines appearing in the UV region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>1 to n=1.






5. Region in a molecule where atomic orbitals overlap - resulting in either a stable low - energy bonding orbital or an unstable high - energy antibonding orbital.






6. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom






7. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12






8. The point on a phase diagram that represents the only set of conditions at which all three phases exist in equilibrium with one another






9. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.






10. Redox reaction - in which the same species is both oxidized and reduced.






11. When dipoles are dissolved in a solution where ions are present ions wil arrange themselves with the opposite charged end of the dipole.






12. The reaction of the ions that characterize acids and the ions that characterize bases to form water molecules and a salt






13. The slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps






14. A substance that - when dissolved in water - results in a solution that can conduct electricity






15. A dynamic condition in which two opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system






16. The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction






17. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






18. Systematic pairing of a deprotonated species (base) with its protonated form (conjugate acid). Conjugates appear on opposite sides of a chemical equation.






19. Attractive and repulsive forces between molecules that are weaker than forces within molecules.






20. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






21. Resulting positive nuclear charge an outer electron senses after accounting for the shielding effect of inner core electrons. Abbreviated as Z(eff). Increases from left to right - and bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






22. An atom - ion - or molecule that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond.






23. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






24. Charge assigned to an atom in a molecule or polyatmic ion - calculated by (# valence electrons) - (# 1/2 bonding electrons) - (# nonbonding electrons). Molecules containing atoms with lower formal charges tend to be more stable than those with higher






25. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






26. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






27. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4






28. A reaction where a compound does Not change its molecular structure.






29. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T

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30. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






31. Simplest whole # ration of atoms in a compound






32. Rare earth element group (elements 58-71)






33. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






34. E=hc/?






35. The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid

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36. A definite stable energy that a physical system can have






37. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






38. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






39. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance






40. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






41. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






42. A concentration unit of a solution expressed as moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution






43. A solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern.






44. An equilibrium expression used to measure weak - acid strength - given by the ratio of the product of the products' molar concentrations to the product of the reactants' molar concentrations - with each term raised to the power of its stoichiometric






45. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






46. 5 valence electrons -3 ions - Nitride N






47. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






48. The nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electrons of an atom (actual charge minus the shielding caused by inner shells: Z- eff)






49. Defined acids as subtsances that produced H ions in water - while bases produced OH ions. When they reacted together - H and OH neutralise to make water






50. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete