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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nh/2p The angular momentum changes only in discete amounts with respect to the quantum number. Also E=- R_h/n^2






2. The molar solubility of one salt is reduced when another salt - having a common ion is brought into the same solution






3. Any sample of a given compound will contain the same elements in the identical mass ratio.






4. The ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. molality (M = moles solute/kg of solution)






5. An uncharged molecule with a single unpaitred electron in its outer ring - very unstable - exists for only about 10 seconds






6. A solution in which water is the solvent






7. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






8. The weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the small - instantaneous dipoles that occur because of the varying positions of the electrons during their motion about nuclei






9. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






10. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






11. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






12. A concentration unit of a solution expressed as moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution






13. The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances






14. Region in a molecule where atomic orbitals overlap - resulting in either a stable low - energy bonding orbital or an unstable high - energy antibonding orbital.






15. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






16. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






17. The tendency for an atom to attract electrons to itself when it is chemically combined with another element






18. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






19. An emperimentally determined mathmatical expression showing the rate of a reaction as a function of the concentration of its reactants






20. The sum of the exponents in a rate law - where each exponent provides the reaction order with respect to its reactants






21. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.






22. Resulting positive nuclear charge an outer electron senses after accounting for the shielding effect of inner core electrons. Abbreviated as Z(eff). Increases from left to right - and bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






23. PH=pka+log[base/acid] Used in titration based problems that relates the pH or pOH of a solution to the pK and the ratio of the dissociated species.






24. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






25. Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron - and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin

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26. Solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating - 3- D pattern - has a specific melting point - classified as ionic network covalent - metallic or molecular.






27. Sol - a chemical process in which solvent molecules and molecules or ions of the solute combine to form a compound






28. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






29. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






30. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge






31. Keq describes the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration - with each raised to the power corresponding ot its coefficient ion in the balanced equation






32. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






33. The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells - structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities






34. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






35. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.






36. A solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern.






37. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






38. Named after their cation and anion






39. Simplest whole # ration of atoms in a compound






40. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






41. One - half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined






42. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






43. Structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion






44. A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom Charge of +1 and mass of 1.0073 amu






45. The energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms






46. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






47. Gram equivalent weight of solute per liter of solution - often denoted by N.






48. An acid that will completely dissociate in aqueous solution - like HCl - HI - HClO4 HBr.






49. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






50. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached