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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An emperimentally determined mathmatical expression showing the rate of a reaction as a function of the concentration of its reactants






2. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12






3. The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction






4. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance C>>>>A+B






5. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.






6. Standard Temperature and Pressure. 273 Kelvin (0 Celsius) - 1 atmosphere (760 torr - 760 kPA).






7. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total


8. The ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. molality (M = moles solute/kg of solution)






9. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






10. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






11. Simplest whole # ration of atoms in a compound






12. Substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution






13. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






14. Spectrum of certain absorbed wavelengths of light corresponding to an atom's spectrum of emitted frequencies of light. Unique to each element. AAS can be used to indentify an element.






15. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






16. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






17. A structural formula in which electrons are represented by dots; dot pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent pairs in covalent bonds.






18. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4






19. 5 valence electrons -3 ions - Nitride N






20. Expression of auto - ionization of water into H+ and OH- at a certain temperature - given by the product of the ions' molar concentrations. Denoted by Kw and equal to 10-






21. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






22. Energy released when an atom or ion in the gaseous state gains an electron. Increases from left to right and from bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






23. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






24. Common definition of acids as proton (H+) donors and bases as proton acceptors






25. Any sample of a given compound will contain the same elements in the identical mass ratio.






26. The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells - structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities






27. Keq describes the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration - with each raised to the power corresponding ot its coefficient ion in the balanced equation






28. A model of acids and bases which an acid is hydrogen ion donor and base is a hydrogen ion acceptor.






29. The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms






30. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted Ksp.






31. (chemistry) a series from actinium to lawrencium of 15 radioactive elements with increasing atomic numbers






32. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






33. Specifies the specific orbital in which the electron is most likely to be found. - Third quantum number - designated as ml. Describes a particular orbital within a subshell where an electron is very likely to be found. Possible values are integers in






34. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






35. The weight in grams of compound that can be substituted by 1 atom of Hydrogen. GEW = MW / # of acidic Hyrdogens






36. A reaction where a compound does Not change its molecular structure.






37. Numbers that specify the properties of atomic orbitals and of their electrons






38. 5 different orbitals shaped like clover leaves and max electrons is 10






39. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






40. The Percent by mass of each element in a compound.






41. Rare earth element group (elements 58-71)






42. 4 valence electrons +4 - -4 ions. - Carbon Group can form covalent bonds with nonmetals. Only carbon forms strong pi bonds






43. A chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms






44. A pair of equal and opposite electric charges or magnetic poles separated by a small distance






45. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom






46. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






47. The sum of the exponents in a rate law - where each exponent provides the reaction order with respect to its reactants






48. States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and momentum of an electron or any other particle






49. Solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating - 3- D pattern - has a specific melting point - classified as ionic network covalent - metallic or molecular.






50. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound