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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An equilibrium expression used to measure weak - acid strength - given by the ratio of the product of the products' molar concentrations to the product of the reactants' molar concentrations - with each term raised to the power of its stoichiometric






2. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






3. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






4. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






5. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






6. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






7. An atom - radical - or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge






8. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






9. The sum of the exponents in a rate law - where each exponent provides the reaction order with respect to its reactants






10. The formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron pair donor and an electron pair acceptor






11. Charge assigned to an atom in a molecule or polyatmic ion - calculated by (# valence electrons) - (# 1/2 bonding electrons) - (# nonbonding electrons). Molecules containing atoms with lower formal charges tend to be more stable than those with higher






12. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






13. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






14. E=hc/?






15. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






16. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






17. A model of acids and bases which an acid is hydrogen ion donor and base is a hydrogen ion acceptor.






18. A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule






19. 5 valence electrons -3 ions - Nitride N






20. Have three valance electrons. In certain instances - some elements will loose three electrons - but they will also share electrons with another element to attain stability.






21. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.






22. The weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the small - instantaneous dipoles that occur because of the varying positions of the electrons during their motion about nuclei






23. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






24. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






25. The ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. molality (M = moles solute/kg of solution)






26. A dynamic condition in which two opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system






27. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase






28. Nh/2p The angular momentum changes only in discete amounts with respect to the quantum number. Also E=- R_h/n^2






29. An ionic compound that resists changes in its pH






30. A pair of equal and opposite electric charges or magnetic poles separated by a small distance






31. Gram equivalent weight of solute per liter of solution - often denoted by N.






32. Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron - and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin

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33. (physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory) E=hf






34. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.






35. An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton






36. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq






37. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






38. Spectrum of certain absorbed wavelengths of light corresponding to an atom's spectrum of emitted frequencies of light. Unique to each element. AAS can be used to indentify an element.






39. A concentration unit of a solution expressed as moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution






40. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.






41. Keq describes the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration - with each raised to the power corresponding ot its coefficient ion in the balanced equation






42. Expression of auto - ionization of water into H+ and OH- at a certain temperature - given by the product of the ions' molar concentrations. Denoted by Kw and equal to 10-






43. States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and momentum of an electron or any other particle






44. (chemistry) a series from actinium to lawrencium of 15 radioactive elements with increasing atomic numbers






45. One - half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined






46. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






47. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






48. Second quantum number - designated by the letter 'l.' This 'angular momentum' refers to the subshells within each principle quantum energy level. It can take on the value of an integer in the 0 to (n -1) range. The four subshellscorresponding to l=0






49. The energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms






50. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4