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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The amount of product that can be made in a chemical reaction based on the amount of limiting reactant






2. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






3. Defined acids as subtsances that produced H ions in water - while bases produced OH ions. When they reacted together - H and OH neutralise to make water






4. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






5. An emperimentally determined mathmatical expression showing the rate of a reaction as a function of the concentration of its reactants






6. When polar molecules orient themselves such that the positive region of one molecule is close to the negative region of another molecule.






7. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






8. One - half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined






9. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4






10. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






11. Any sample of a given compound will contain the same elements in the identical mass ratio.






12. A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule






13. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






14. When a solute is dissolved in a solvent - it will dissociate until reaching an equilibrium point at which the rate of dissociation equals the rate of precipitation of the solute - regardless of any additional solute introduced into the mixture






15. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






16. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






17. 5 valence electrons -3 ions - Nitride N






18. 5 different orbitals shaped like clover leaves and max electrons is 10






19. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory - stating that the three - dimensional molecular geometry about some central atom is determined by the elctronic repulsion between its bonding and nonbonding electron pairs.






20. A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom Charge of +1 and mass of 1.0073 amu






21. Second quantum number - designated by the letter 'l.' This 'angular momentum' refers to the subshells within each principle quantum energy level. It can take on the value of an integer in the 0 to (n -1) range. The four subshellscorresponding to l=0






22. A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance A+B>>>>>>>C






23. PH=pka+log[base/acid] Used in titration based problems that relates the pH or pOH of a solution to the pK and the ratio of the dissociated species.






24. The weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the small - instantaneous dipoles that occur because of the varying positions of the electrons during their motion about nuclei






25. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






26. When dipoles are dissolved in a solution where ions are present ions wil arrange themselves with the opposite charged end of the dipole.






27. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq






28. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.






29. An equilibrium expression used to measure weak - acid strength - given by the ratio of the product of the products' molar concentrations to the product of the reactants' molar concentrations - with each term raised to the power of its stoichiometric






30. (physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory) E=hf






31. Tells you how much solute is present compared to the amount of solvent






32. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






33. (chemistry) p(otential of) H(ydrogen)






34. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






35. Redox reaction - in which the same species is both oxidized and reduced.






36. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






37. Sol - a chemical process in which solvent molecules and molecules or ions of the solute combine to form a compound






38. (chemistry) any theory in which all matter is composed of tiny discrete finite indivisible indestructible particles






39. The Percent by mass of each element in a compound.






40. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






41. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






42. The weight in grams of one mole of a given elementand is expressedin tems of grams per mole.






43. The molar solubility of one salt is reduced when another salt - having a common ion is brought into the same solution






44. Side - to side parallel orbitals overlap to share electrons - the 2nd/3rd covalent bond between two atoms - cannot rotate and maintain the bond.






45. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






46. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted Ksp.






47. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






48. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






49. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase






50. The hypothetical equation showing only the species that is oxidized or reduced in a redox reaction and the correct number of electrons transferred between the species in the complete - balanced equation.