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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






2. The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. Can theoretically take on any positive interger. Denoted by the letter n.






3. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






4. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






5. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table






6. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






7. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






8. Property of the elements that can be predicted from the arrangement of the periodic table






9. The tendency for an atom to attract electrons to itself when it is chemically combined with another element






10. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






11. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






12. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






13. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






14. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






15. 2.18 x 10^-18 J/electron






16. Solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating - 3- D pattern - has a specific melting point - classified as ionic network covalent - metallic or molecular.






17. An element in an 'A' group in the periodic table; as a group these elements display a wide range of physical and chemical properties. In their atoms - the s and p sublevels in the highest occupied energy level are partially filled






18. Energy released when an atom or ion in the gaseous state gains an electron. Increases from left to right and from bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






19. Spectrum of certain absorbed wavelengths of light corresponding to an atom's spectrum of emitted frequencies of light. Unique to each element. AAS can be used to indentify an element.






20. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom






21. The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances






22. Second quantum number - designated by the letter 'l.' This 'angular momentum' refers to the subshells within each principle quantum energy level. It can take on the value of an integer in the 0 to (n -1) range. The four subshellscorresponding to l=0






23. The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms






24. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






25. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.






26. The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells - structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities






27. In a solution - the substance that dissolves in the solvent






28. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






29. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






30. Expression of auto - ionization of water into H+ and OH- at a certain temperature - given by the product of the ions' molar concentrations. Denoted by Kw and equal to 10-






31. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






32. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






33. The slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps






34. Small discrete increments of energy.






35. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






36. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






37. Rare earth element group (elements 58-71)






38. An equilibrium expression used to measure weak - acid strength - given by the ratio of the product of the products' molar concentrations to the product of the reactants' molar concentrations - with each term raised to the power of its stoichiometric






39. The point on a phase diagram that represents the only set of conditions at which all three phases exist in equilibrium with one another






40. Elements in the middle of the periodic table - in groups 3-12.






41. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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42. (chemistry) any theory in which all matter is composed of tiny discrete finite indivisible indestructible particles






43. Named after their cation and anion






44. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






45. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.






46. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






47. Have the shape of a sphere - with the center of the sphere at the nucleus; completely symmetrical along all axes; 1s orbital is spherically symmetric and has no nodes; 2s orbital is also spherical but contains a node and is higher in energy






48. One - half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together. Since effective nuclear charge increases when moving from left to right each additional electron is pulled more strogly toward the nucleus.






49. A substance that - when dissolved in water - results in a solution that can conduct electricity






50. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance C>>>>A+B







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