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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms






2. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






3. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






4. The ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms






5. Second quantum number - designated by the letter 'l.' This 'angular momentum' refers to the subshells within each principle quantum energy level. It can take on the value of an integer in the 0 to (n -1) range. The four subshellscorresponding to l=0






6. E=hc/?






7. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






8. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






9. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






10. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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11. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T

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12. The amount of product that can be made in a chemical reaction based on the amount of limiting reactant






13. Spectrum of certain absorbed wavelengths of light corresponding to an atom's spectrum of emitted frequencies of light. Unique to each element. AAS can be used to indentify an element.






14. The formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron pair donor and an electron pair acceptor






15. The Percent by mass of each element in a compound.






16. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge






17. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






18. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






19. The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. Can theoretically take on any positive interger. Denoted by the letter n.






20. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






21. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq






22. Nh/2p The angular momentum changes only in discete amounts with respect to the quantum number. Also E=- R_h/n^2






23. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






24. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






25. A definite stable energy that a physical system can have






26. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






27. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






28. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






29. (physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory) E=hf






30. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






31. An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton






32. Attractive and repulsive forces between molecules that are weaker than forces within molecules.






33. Have the shape of a sphere - with the center of the sphere at the nucleus; completely symmetrical along all axes; 1s orbital is spherically symmetric and has no nodes; 2s orbital is also spherical but contains a node and is higher in energy






34. Solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating - 3- D pattern - has a specific melting point - classified as ionic network covalent - metallic or molecular.






35. Systematic pairing of a deprotonated species (base) with its protonated form (conjugate acid). Conjugates appear on opposite sides of a chemical equation.






36. The slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps






37. Slightly less reactive than alkali metals - comprise group II






38. Set of spectral lines appearing in the UV region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>1 to n=1.






39. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






40. Common definition of acids as proton (H+) donors and bases as proton acceptors






41. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






42. When dipoles are dissolved in a solution where ions are present ions wil arrange themselves with the opposite charged end of the dipole.






43. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






44. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






45. In a solution - the substance that dissolves in the solvent






46. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance






47. Any sample of a given compound will contain the same elements in the identical mass ratio.






48. Contains nonmetals that are non - reactive. Full outermost energy level except helium which has 2.






49. Alkaline Earth Metals - 2 valence electrons +2 ions - Magnesium Mg






50. 5 different orbitals shaped like clover leaves and max electrons is 10