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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






2. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






3. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






4. The weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the small - instantaneous dipoles that occur because of the varying positions of the electrons during their motion about nuclei






5. Resulting positive nuclear charge an outer electron senses after accounting for the shielding effect of inner core electrons. Abbreviated as Z(eff). Increases from left to right - and bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






6. An atom - ion - or molecule that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond.






7. Attractive and repulsive forces between molecules that are weaker than forces within molecules.






8. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






9. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






10. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase






11. An emperimentally determined mathmatical expression showing the rate of a reaction as a function of the concentration of its reactants






12. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached






13. (physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory) E=hf






14. The slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps






15. Acids defined as electron - pair acceptors and bases as electron - pair donors.






16. Simplest whole # ration of atoms in a compound






17. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






18. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






19. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4






20. The hypothetical equation showing only the species that is oxidized or reduced in a redox reaction and the correct number of electrons transferred between the species in the complete - balanced equation.






21. Alkaline Earth Metals - 2 valence electrons +2 ions - Magnesium Mg






22. Slightly less reactive than alkali metals - comprise group II






23. Have three valance electrons. In certain instances - some elements will loose three electrons - but they will also share electrons with another element to attain stability.






24. The reaction of the ions that characterize acids and the ions that characterize bases to form water molecules and a salt






25. The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. Can theoretically take on any positive interger. Denoted by the letter n.






26. The weight in grams of one mole of a given elementand is expressedin tems of grams per mole.






27. The molar solubility of one salt is reduced when another salt - having a common ion is brought into the same solution






28. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






29. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T

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30. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






31. States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and momentum of an electron or any other particle






32. Contains nonmetals - 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive






33. A chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms






34. (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight






35. A chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion






36. The weight in grams of compound that can be substituted by 1 atom of Hydrogen. GEW = MW / # of acidic Hyrdogens






37. Property of the elements that can be predicted from the arrangement of the periodic table






38. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






39. The Percent by mass of each element in a compound.






40. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






41. Common definition of acids as proton (H+) donors and bases as proton acceptors






42. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






43. Large molecular structures - strong covalent bonding - share qualities of IONIC And COVALENT






44. No two electrons or protons or neutrons in a given system can be in states characterized by the same set of quantum numbers






45. A model of acids and bases which an acid is hydrogen ion donor and base is a hydrogen ion acceptor.






46. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






47. The tendency for an atom to attract electrons to itself when it is chemically combined with another element






48. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.






49. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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50. The formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron pair donor and an electron pair acceptor