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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances






2. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






3. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






4. A structural formula in which electrons are represented by dots; dot pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent pairs in covalent bonds.






5. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






6. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






7. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory - stating that the three - dimensional molecular geometry about some central atom is determined by the elctronic repulsion between its bonding and nonbonding electron pairs.






8. An emperimentally determined mathmatical expression showing the rate of a reaction as a function of the concentration of its reactants






9. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






10. The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells - structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities






11. (physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory) E=hf






12. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






13. Resulting positive nuclear charge an outer electron senses after accounting for the shielding effect of inner core electrons. Abbreviated as Z(eff). Increases from left to right - and bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






14. Acids defined as electron - pair acceptors and bases as electron - pair donors.






15. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






16. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






17. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






18. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4






19. An ionic compound that resists changes in its pH






20. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






21. An atom - radical - or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge






22. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






23. In a solution - the substance that dissolves in the solvent






24. The point on a phase diagram that represents the only set of conditions at which all three phases exist in equilibrium with one another






25. Substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution






26. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






27. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






28. One - half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together. Since effective nuclear charge increases when moving from left to right each additional electron is pulled more strogly toward the nucleus.






29. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






30. The reaction of the ions that characterize acids and the ions that characterize bases to form water molecules and a salt






31. A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule






32. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






33. The sum of the exponents in a rate law - where each exponent provides the reaction order with respect to its reactants






34. A dynamic condition in which two opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system






35. 5 valence electrons -3 ions - Nitride N






36. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






37. Temperature is constant; effusion and temperature are proportional to the square root of their masses

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38. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






39. Specifies the specific orbital in which the electron is most likely to be found. - Third quantum number - designated as ml. Describes a particular orbital within a subshell where an electron is very likely to be found. Possible values are integers in






40. An acid that will completely dissociate in aqueous solution - like HCl - HI - HClO4 HBr.






41. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






42. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






43. A pair of equal and opposite electric charges or magnetic poles separated by a small distance






44. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






45. The weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the small - instantaneous dipoles that occur because of the varying positions of the electrons during their motion about nuclei






46. A model of acids and bases which an acid is hydrogen ion donor and base is a hydrogen ion acceptor.






47. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted Ksp.






48. Named after their cation and anion






49. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.






50. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital