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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Property of the elements that can be predicted from the arrangement of the periodic table






2. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge






3. Solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating - 3- D pattern - has a specific melting point - classified as ionic network covalent - metallic or molecular.






4. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






5. A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance A+B>>>>>>>C






6. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






7. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






8. Substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution






9. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12






10. A fundamental constant - h - that relates the energy of light quanta to their frequency: h = 6.6 X 10^-34 joule


11. An element in an 'A' group in the periodic table; as a group these elements display a wide range of physical and chemical properties. In their atoms - the s and p sublevels in the highest occupied energy level are partially filled






12. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T


13. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached






14. (physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory) E=hf






15. The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms






16. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






17. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






18. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






19. One - half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined






20. 4 valence electrons +4 - -4 ions. - Carbon Group can form covalent bonds with nonmetals. Only carbon forms strong pi bonds






21. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






22. 5 different orbitals shaped like clover leaves and max electrons is 10






23. Side - to side parallel orbitals overlap to share electrons - the 2nd/3rd covalent bond between two atoms - cannot rotate and maintain the bond.






24. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






25. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






26. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4






27. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






28. The ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. molality (M = moles solute/kg of solution)






29. Contains nonmetals that are non - reactive. Full outermost energy level except helium which has 2.






30. A solution in which water is the solvent






31. The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid


32. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






33. Have the shape of a sphere - with the center of the sphere at the nucleus; completely symmetrical along all axes; 1s orbital is spherically symmetric and has no nodes; 2s orbital is also spherical but contains a node and is higher in energy






34. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.






35. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






36. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






37. When polar molecules orient themselves such that the positive region of one molecule is close to the negative region of another molecule.






38. An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton






39. Elements in the middle of the periodic table - in groups 3-12.






40. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase






41. 2.18 x 10^-18 J/electron






42. An equilibrium expression used to measure weak - acid strength - given by the ratio of the product of the products' molar concentrations to the product of the reactants' molar concentrations - with each term raised to the power of its stoichiometric






43. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






44. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






45. Redox reaction - in which the same species is both oxidized and reduced.






46. A chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion






47. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






48. Region in a molecule where atomic orbitals overlap - resulting in either a stable low - energy bonding orbital or an unstable high - energy antibonding orbital.






49. Nh/2p The angular momentum changes only in discete amounts with respect to the quantum number. Also E=- R_h/n^2






50. Attractive and repulsive forces between molecules that are weaker than forces within molecules.