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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms






2. (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight






3. A chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms






4. The maximum amount of product that can be produced from a given amount of reactant






5. Redox reaction - in which the same species is both oxidized and reduced.






6. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






7. PH=pka+log[base/acid] Used in titration based problems that relates the pH or pOH of a solution to the pK and the ratio of the dissociated species.






8. Small discrete increments of energy.






9. An uncharged molecule with a single unpaitred electron in its outer ring - very unstable - exists for only about 10 seconds






10. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.






11. A naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers






12. Elements in the middle of the periodic table - in groups 3-12.






13. The number of atoms in exactly 12 g of pure 12c and equal to 6.022 x 10^23 is called






14. A structural formula in which electrons are represented by dots; dot pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent pairs in covalent bonds.






15. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






16. A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom Charge of +1 and mass of 1.0073 amu






17. An acid that will completely dissociate in aqueous solution - like HCl - HI - HClO4 HBr.






18. Alkaline Earth Metals - 2 valence electrons +2 ions - Magnesium Mg






19. Simplest whole # ration of atoms in a compound






20. Systematic pairing of a deprotonated species (base) with its protonated form (conjugate acid). Conjugates appear on opposite sides of a chemical equation.






21. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.






22. The Percent by mass of each element in a compound.






23. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq






24. A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms - resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge






25. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






26. Resulting positive nuclear charge an outer electron senses after accounting for the shielding effect of inner core electrons. Abbreviated as Z(eff). Increases from left to right - and bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






27. A chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion






28. Energy released when an atom or ion in the gaseous state gains an electron. Increases from left to right and from bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






29. Rare earth element group (elements 58-71)






30. Tells you how much solute is present compared to the amount of solvent






31. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






32. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






33. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






34. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






35. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached






36. Nh/2p The angular momentum changes only in discete amounts with respect to the quantum number. Also E=- R_h/n^2






37. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






38. (chemistry) p(otential of) H(ydrogen)






39. The sum of the exponents in a rate law - where each exponent provides the reaction order with respect to its reactants






40. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table






41. Temperature is constant; effusion and temperature are proportional to the square root of their masses

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42. Spectrum of certain absorbed wavelengths of light corresponding to an atom's spectrum of emitted frequencies of light. Unique to each element. AAS can be used to indentify an element.






43. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






44. The point during a titration when the number of H+ ions and OH- ions are equal. This is at the middle of the steepest part of the titration curve.






45. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






46. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






47. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






48. The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms






49. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted Ksp.






50. A model of acids and bases which an acid is hydrogen ion donor and base is a hydrogen ion acceptor.