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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (chemistry) a series from actinium to lawrencium of 15 radioactive elements with increasing atomic numbers






2. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds






3. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






4. An uncharged molecule with a single unpaitred electron in its outer ring - very unstable - exists for only about 10 seconds






5. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






6. An atom - radical - or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge






7. When dipoles are dissolved in a solution where ions are present ions wil arrange themselves with the opposite charged end of the dipole.






8. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






9. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12






10. When a solute is dissolved in a solvent - it will dissociate until reaching an equilibrium point at which the rate of dissociation equals the rate of precipitation of the solute - regardless of any additional solute introduced into the mixture






11. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






12. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






13. Slightly less reactive than alkali metals - comprise group II






14. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






15. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






16. Keq describes the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration - with each raised to the power corresponding ot its coefficient ion in the balanced equation






17. The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom; generally increases in moving from left - to - right across a period and decreases in moving down a group






18. Expression of auto - ionization of water into H+ and OH- at a certain temperature - given by the product of the ions' molar concentrations. Denoted by Kw and equal to 10-






19. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






20. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached






21. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






22. Numbers that specify the properties of atomic orbitals and of their electrons






23. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






24. The slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps






25. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase






26. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






27. The weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the small - instantaneous dipoles that occur because of the varying positions of the electrons during their motion about nuclei






28. The Percent by mass of each element in a compound.






29. The nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electrons of an atom (actual charge minus the shielding caused by inner shells: Z- eff)






30. One - half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined






31. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom






32. 4 valence electrons +4 - -4 ions. - Carbon Group can form covalent bonds with nonmetals. Only carbon forms strong pi bonds






33. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






34. Nh/2p The angular momentum changes only in discete amounts with respect to the quantum number. Also E=- R_h/n^2






35. An atom - ion - or molecule that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond.






36. 5 different orbitals shaped like clover leaves and max electrons is 10






37. Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron - and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin

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38. An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton






39. The point on a phase diagram that represents the only set of conditions at which all three phases exist in equilibrium with one another






40. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance






41. Defined acids as subtsances that produced H ions in water - while bases produced OH ions. When they reacted together - H and OH neutralise to make water






42. The weight in grams of compound that can be substituted by 1 atom of Hydrogen. GEW = MW / # of acidic Hyrdogens






43. Elements in the middle of the periodic table - in groups 3-12.






44. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






45. Contains nonmetals - 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive






46. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






47. A solution in which water is the solvent






48. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted Ksp.






49. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






50. One - half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together. Since effective nuclear charge increases when moving from left to right each additional electron is pulled more strogly toward the nucleus.