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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Redox reaction - in which the same species is both oxidized and reduced.






2. The reaction of the ions that characterize acids and the ions that characterize bases to form water molecules and a salt






3. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






4. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






5. One - half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together. Since effective nuclear charge increases when moving from left to right each additional electron is pulled more strogly toward the nucleus.






6. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase






7. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






8. Second quantum number - designated by the letter 'l.' This 'angular momentum' refers to the subshells within each principle quantum energy level. It can take on the value of an integer in the 0 to (n -1) range. The four subshellscorresponding to l=0






9. Systematic pairing of a deprotonated species (base) with its protonated form (conjugate acid). Conjugates appear on opposite sides of a chemical equation.






10. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






11. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






12. An atom - radical - or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge






13. 4 valence electrons +4 - -4 ions. - Carbon Group can form covalent bonds with nonmetals. Only carbon forms strong pi bonds






14. 2.18 x 10^-18 J/electron






15. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached






16. Keq describes the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration - with each raised to the power corresponding ot its coefficient ion in the balanced equation






17. (physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory) E=hf






18. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






19. The amount of product that can be made in a chemical reaction based on the amount of limiting reactant






20. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq






21. Tells you how much solute is present compared to the amount of solvent






22. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.






23. (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight






24. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






25. A model of acids and bases which an acid is hydrogen ion donor and base is a hydrogen ion acceptor.






26. Numbers that specify the properties of atomic orbitals and of their electrons






27. Solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating - 3- D pattern - has a specific melting point - classified as ionic network covalent - metallic or molecular.






28. States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and momentum of an electron or any other particle






29. Common definition of acids as proton (H+) donors and bases as proton acceptors






30. An element in an 'A' group in the periodic table; as a group these elements display a wide range of physical and chemical properties. In their atoms - the s and p sublevels in the highest occupied energy level are partially filled






31. Standard Temperature and Pressure. 273 Kelvin (0 Celsius) - 1 atmosphere (760 torr - 760 kPA).






32. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






33. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






34. In a solution - the substance that dissolves in the solvent






35. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






36. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T

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37. Small discrete increments of energy.






38. Spectrum of certain absorbed wavelengths of light corresponding to an atom's spectrum of emitted frequencies of light. Unique to each element. AAS can be used to indentify an element.






39. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






40. The weight in grams of one mole of a given elementand is expressedin tems of grams per mole.






41. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






42. Named after their cation and anion






43. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






44. A pair of equal and opposite electric charges or magnetic poles separated by a small distance






45. The energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms






46. (chemistry) any theory in which all matter is composed of tiny discrete finite indivisible indestructible particles






47. Nh/2p The angular momentum changes only in discete amounts with respect to the quantum number. Also E=- R_h/n^2






48. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






49. No two electrons or protons or neutrons in a given system can be in states characterized by the same set of quantum numbers






50. Defined acids as subtsances that produced H ions in water - while bases produced OH ions. When they reacted together - H and OH neutralise to make water