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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. Can theoretically take on any positive interger. Denoted by the letter n.






2. (chemistry) p(otential of) H(ydrogen)






3. The point on a phase diagram that represents the only set of conditions at which all three phases exist in equilibrium with one another






4. When dipoles are dissolved in a solution where ions are present ions wil arrange themselves with the opposite charged end of the dipole.






5. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






6. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






7. A chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms






8. An ionic compound that resists changes in its pH






9. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds






10. A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms - resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge






11. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






12. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






13. An equilibrium expression used to measure weak - acid strength - given by the ratio of the product of the products' molar concentrations to the product of the reactants' molar concentrations - with each term raised to the power of its stoichiometric






14. Simplest whole # ration of atoms in a compound






15. Have the shape of a sphere - with the center of the sphere at the nucleus; completely symmetrical along all axes; 1s orbital is spherically symmetric and has no nodes; 2s orbital is also spherical but contains a node and is higher in energy






16. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






17. The reaction of the ions that characterize acids and the ions that characterize bases to form water molecules and a salt






18. An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton






19. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.






20. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12






21. A model of acids and bases which an acid is hydrogen ion donor and base is a hydrogen ion acceptor.






22. 2.18 x 10^-18 J/electron






23. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase






24. The molar solubility of one salt is reduced when another salt - having a common ion is brought into the same solution






25. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






26. One - half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined






27. Redox reaction - in which the same species is both oxidized and reduced.






28. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






29. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






30. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






31. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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32. States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and momentum of an electron or any other particle






33. One - half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together. Since effective nuclear charge increases when moving from left to right each additional electron is pulled more strogly toward the nucleus.






34. A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule






35. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






36. Region in a molecule where atomic orbitals overlap - resulting in either a stable low - energy bonding orbital or an unstable high - energy antibonding orbital.






37. Structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion






38. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






39. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






40. The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells - structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities






41. When polar molecules orient themselves such that the positive region of one molecule is close to the negative region of another molecule.






42. The weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the small - instantaneous dipoles that occur because of the varying positions of the electrons during their motion about nuclei






43. Common definition of acids as proton (H+) donors and bases as proton acceptors






44. An atom - radical - or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge






45. An atom - ion - or molecule that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond.






46. Solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating - 3- D pattern - has a specific melting point - classified as ionic network covalent - metallic or molecular.






47. Large molecular structures - strong covalent bonding - share qualities of IONIC And COVALENT






48. Sol - a chemical process in which solvent molecules and molecules or ions of the solute combine to form a compound






49. Acids defined as electron - pair acceptors and bases as electron - pair donors.






50. E=hc/?