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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When dipoles are dissolved in a solution where ions are present ions wil arrange themselves with the opposite charged end of the dipole.






2. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






3. The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid

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4. A dynamic condition in which two opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system






5. 4 valence electrons +4 - -4 ions. - Carbon Group can form covalent bonds with nonmetals. Only carbon forms strong pi bonds






6. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq






7. Have three valance electrons. In certain instances - some elements will loose three electrons - but they will also share electrons with another element to attain stability.






8. The formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron pair donor and an electron pair acceptor






9. A base that can accept two moles of H+ per mole of itself (ex: SO4






10. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






11. Alkaline Earth Metals - 2 valence electrons +2 ions - Magnesium Mg






12. An uncharged molecule with a single unpaitred electron in its outer ring - very unstable - exists for only about 10 seconds






13. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T

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14. The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. Can theoretically take on any positive interger. Denoted by the letter n.






15. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory - stating that the three - dimensional molecular geometry about some central atom is determined by the elctronic repulsion between its bonding and nonbonding electron pairs.






16. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






17. One - half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined






18. The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances






19. Defined acids as subtsances that produced H ions in water - while bases produced OH ions. When they reacted together - H and OH neutralise to make water






20. An acid that will completely dissociate in aqueous solution - like HCl - HI - HClO4 HBr.






21. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






22. 2.18 x 10^-18 J/electron






23. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






24. The ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms






25. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






26. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






27. Elements in the middle of the periodic table - in groups 3-12.






28. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






29. No two electrons or protons or neutrons in a given system can be in states characterized by the same set of quantum numbers






30. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12






31. Named after their cation and anion






32. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






33. One - half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together. Since effective nuclear charge increases when moving from left to right each additional electron is pulled more strogly toward the nucleus.






34. When a solute is dissolved in a solvent - it will dissociate until reaching an equilibrium point at which the rate of dissociation equals the rate of precipitation of the solute - regardless of any additional solute introduced into the mixture






35. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






36. A solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern.






37. The process by which a gas escapes from one container to another at lower pressure through a tiny hole in the container.






38. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge






39. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






40. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






41. An ionic compound that resists changes in its pH






42. Slightly less reactive than alkali metals - comprise group II






43. Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron - and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin

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44. (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight






45. The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction






46. Nh/2p The angular momentum changes only in discete amounts with respect to the quantum number. Also E=- R_h/n^2






47. Acids defined as electron - pair acceptors and bases as electron - pair donors.






48. The ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. molality (M = moles solute/kg of solution)






49. A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom Charge of +1 and mass of 1.0073 amu






50. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei