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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The number of atoms in exactly 12 g of pure 12c and equal to 6.022 x 10^23 is called






2. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






3. When polar molecules orient themselves such that the positive region of one molecule is close to the negative region of another molecule.






4. At a constant pressure - the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportinal to its temperature: V (a) T

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5. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






6. Structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion






7. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory - stating that the three - dimensional molecular geometry about some central atom is determined by the elctronic repulsion between its bonding and nonbonding electron pairs.






8. An ionic compound that resists changes in its pH






9. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






10. An uncharged molecule with a single unpaitred electron in its outer ring - very unstable - exists for only about 10 seconds






11. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






12. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






13. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






14. Simplest whole # ration of atoms in a compound






15. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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16. The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid

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17. A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance A+B>>>>>>>C






18. Alkaline Earth Metals - 2 valence electrons +2 ions - Magnesium Mg






19. Region in a molecule where atomic orbitals overlap - resulting in either a stable low - energy bonding orbital or an unstable high - energy antibonding orbital.






20. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






21. Specifies the specific orbital in which the electron is most likely to be found. - Third quantum number - designated as ml. Describes a particular orbital within a subshell where an electron is very likely to be found. Possible values are integers in






22. The nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electrons of an atom (actual charge minus the shielding caused by inner shells: Z- eff)






23. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






24. The weight in grams of one mole of a given elementand is expressedin tems of grams per mole.






25. A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom Charge of +1 and mass of 1.0073 amu






26. Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules






27. The point during a titration when the number of H+ ions and OH- ions are equal. This is at the middle of the steepest part of the titration curve.






28. The Percent by mass of each element in a compound.






29. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






30. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






31. The quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron. Can theoretically take on any positive interger. Denoted by the letter n.






32. PH=pka+log[base/acid] Used in titration based problems that relates the pH or pOH of a solution to the pK and the ratio of the dissociated species.






33. The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms






34. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






35. A chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion






36. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






37. Energy released when an atom or ion in the gaseous state gains an electron. Increases from left to right and from bottom to top on the Periodic Table.






38. The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances






39. The amount of product that can be made in a chemical reaction based on the amount of limiting reactant






40. An atom - radical - or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge






41. The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom; generally increases in moving from left - to - right across a period and decreases in moving down a group






42. In a solution - the substance that dissolves in the solvent






43. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






44. The weight in grams of compound that can be substituted by 1 atom of Hydrogen. GEW = MW / # of acidic Hyrdogens






45. Have the shape of a sphere - with the center of the sphere at the nucleus; completely symmetrical along all axes; 1s orbital is spherically symmetric and has no nodes; 2s orbital is also spherical but contains a node and is higher in energy






46. When a solute is dissolved in a solvent - it will dissociate until reaching an equilibrium point at which the rate of dissociation equals the rate of precipitation of the solute - regardless of any additional solute introduced into the mixture






47. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






48. A solution in which water is the solvent






49. Temperature is constant; effusion and temperature are proportional to the square root of their masses

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50. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq