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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






2. An uncharged molecule with a single unpaitred electron in its outer ring - very unstable - exists for only about 10 seconds






3. States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and momentum of an electron or any other particle






4. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






5. One - half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together. Since effective nuclear charge increases when moving from left to right each additional electron is pulled more strogly toward the nucleus.






6. Charge assigned to an atom in a molecule or polyatmic ion - calculated by (# valence electrons) - (# 1/2 bonding electrons) - (# nonbonding electrons). Molecules containing atoms with lower formal charges tend to be more stable than those with higher






7. Expression of auto - ionization of water into H+ and OH- at a certain temperature - given by the product of the ions' molar concentrations. Denoted by Kw and equal to 10-






8. Have three valance electrons. In certain instances - some elements will loose three electrons - but they will also share electrons with another element to attain stability.






9. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance C>>>>A+B






10. Contains nonmetals that are non - reactive. Full outermost energy level except helium which has 2.






11. 5 different orbitals shaped like clover leaves and max electrons is 10






12. The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid

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13. Numbers that specify the properties of atomic orbitals and of their electrons






14. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table






15. A substance that - when dissolved in water - results in a solution that can conduct electricity






16. Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron - and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin

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17. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






18. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






19. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






20. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






21. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






22. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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23. An element in an 'A' group in the periodic table; as a group these elements display a wide range of physical and chemical properties. In their atoms - the s and p sublevels in the highest occupied energy level are partially filled






24. No two electrons or protons or neutrons in a given system can be in states characterized by the same set of quantum numbers






25. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom






26. A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance A+B>>>>>>>C






27. A bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei






28. Alkaline Earth Metals - 2 valence electrons +2 ions - Magnesium Mg






29. A concentration unit of a solution expressed as moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution






30. Named after their cation and anion






31. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






32. The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances






33. The number of atoms in exactly 12 g of pure 12c and equal to 6.022 x 10^23 is called






34. Standard Temperature and Pressure. 273 Kelvin (0 Celsius) - 1 atmosphere (760 torr - 760 kPA).






35. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






36. Contains nonmetals - 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive






37. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






38. PH=pka+log[base/acid] Used in titration based problems that relates the pH or pOH of a solution to the pK and the ratio of the dissociated species.






39. Large molecular structures - strong covalent bonding - share qualities of IONIC And COVALENT






40. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






41. (chemistry) p(otential of) H(ydrogen)






42. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






43. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






44. Tells you how much solute is present compared to the amount of solvent






45. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






46. Defined acids as subtsances that produced H ions in water - while bases produced OH ions. When they reacted together - H and OH neutralise to make water






47. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






48. Keq describes the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration - with each raised to the power corresponding ot its coefficient ion in the balanced equation






49. Have the shape of a sphere - with the center of the sphere at the nucleus; completely symmetrical along all axes; 1s orbital is spherically symmetric and has no nodes; 2s orbital is also spherical but contains a node and is higher in energy






50. Structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion