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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory - stating that the three - dimensional molecular geometry about some central atom is determined by the elctronic repulsion between its bonding and nonbonding electron pairs.






2. A substance that - when dissolved in water - results in a solution that can conduct electricity






3. Spectrum of certain absorbed wavelengths of light corresponding to an atom's spectrum of emitted frequencies of light. Unique to each element. AAS can be used to indentify an element.






4. (chemistry) any theory in which all matter is composed of tiny discrete finite indivisible indestructible particles






5. The weight in grams of one mole of a given elementand is expressedin tems of grams per mole.






6. A solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern.






7. Set of spectral lines appearing in the UV region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>1 to n=1.






8. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






9. Slightly less reactive than alkali metals - comprise group II






10. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






11. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






12. Systematic pairing of a deprotonated species (base) with its protonated form (conjugate acid). Conjugates appear on opposite sides of a chemical equation.






13. Any sample of a given compound will contain the same elements in the identical mass ratio.






14. The point on a phase diagram that represents the only set of conditions at which all three phases exist in equilibrium with one another






15. The ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms






16. A chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion






17. In a solution - the substance that dissolves in the solvent






18. (chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance C>>>>A+B






19. Play- by- play showing the individual steps of a reaction - including the formation and destruction of any reaction intermediates that may occur.






20. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






21. Redox reaction - in which the same species is both oxidized and reduced.






22. 5 valence electrons -3 ions - Nitride N






23. The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction






24. The reaction of the ions that characterize acids and the ions that characterize bases to form water molecules and a salt






25. Chalcogens - - Oxide O






26. Contains nonmetals - 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive






27. The formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron pair donor and an electron pair acceptor






28. The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells - structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities






29. Substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution






30. (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight






31. Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas - usually eight valence electrons






32. Attractive and repulsive forces between molecules that are weaker than forces within molecules.






33. The slowest elementary step which is the limit for the rate of the other steps






34. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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35. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






36. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






37. States that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium - the system shifts in the direction that relieves the stress.






38. Defined acids as subtsances that produced H ions in water - while bases produced OH ions. When they reacted together - H and OH neutralise to make water






39. When dipoles are dissolved in a solution where ions are present ions wil arrange themselves with the opposite charged end of the dipole.






40. A structural formula in which electrons are represented by dots; dot pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent pairs in covalent bonds.






41. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






42. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge






43. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






44. The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.






45. The hypothetical equation showing only the species that is oxidized or reduced in a redox reaction and the correct number of electrons transferred between the species in the complete - balanced equation.






46. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






47. An atom - radical - or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge






48. Elements in the middle of the periodic table - in groups 3-12.






49. Sum of the protons and neutrons in an element often denoted by the letter A






50. Small discrete increments of energy.