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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound






2. The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon -12






3. (chemistry) p(otential of) H(ydrogen)






4. (physics) the smallest discrete quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory) E=hf






5. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






6. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






7. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory - stating that the three - dimensional molecular geometry about some central atom is determined by the elctronic repulsion between its bonding and nonbonding electron pairs.






8. An ionic compound that resists changes in its pH






9. A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms - resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge






10. The point on a phase diagram that represents the only set of conditions at which all three phases exist in equilibrium with one another






11. Charge assigned to an atom in a molecule or polyatmic ion - calculated by (# valence electrons) - (# 1/2 bonding electrons) - (# nonbonding electrons). Molecules containing atoms with lower formal charges tend to be more stable than those with higher






12. Named after their cation and anion






13. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table






14. Small discrete increments of energy.






15. The ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms






16. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted Ksp.






17. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






18. The hypothetical equation showing only the species that is oxidized or reduced in a redox reaction and the correct number of electrons transferred between the species in the complete - balanced equation.






19. Product of the molar concentrations of dissociated ions in solution at any point in the reaction other than equilibrium or saturation - where each ion is raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Denoted IP.






20. A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist






21. (chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance






22. The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells - structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities






23. A chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms






24. Standard Temperature and Pressure. 273 Kelvin (0 Celsius) - 1 atmosphere (760 torr - 760 kPA).






25. An acid that will completely dissociate in aqueous solution - like HCl - HI - HClO4 HBr.






26. Simplest whole # ration of atoms in a compound






27. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






28. Where half of the acid is neutralized by the base on a titration curveAn acid dissociation constant - Ka - (also known as acidity constant - or acid - ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the eq






29. Have three valance electrons. In certain instances - some elements will loose three electrons - but they will also share electrons with another element to attain stability.






30. Property of the elements that can be predicted from the arrangement of the periodic table






31. Systematic pairing of a deprotonated species (base) with its protonated form (conjugate acid). Conjugates appear on opposite sides of a chemical equation.






32. A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation - reduction reaction.






33. Any sample of a given compound will contain the same elements in the identical mass ratio.






34. The quantum number that has only two possible values - +1/2 and -1/2 - which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital






35. (chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule






36. The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase






37. E=hc/?






38. The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances






39. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.






40. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






41. The amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.






42. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom






43. 5 different orbitals shaped like clover leaves and max electrons is 10






44. A dynamic condition in which two opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system






45. An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton






46. 1913 - Niels Bohr - said that electrons formed specific layers instead or random ones - said atoms atoms absorb and give off energy when the electrons move from one shell to another






47. A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of a series of fine lines of individual colors






48. Keq describes the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration - with each raised to the power corresponding ot its coefficient ion in the balanced equation






49. Specifies the specific orbital in which the electron is most likely to be found. - Third quantum number - designated as ml. Describes a particular orbital within a subshell where an electron is very likely to be found. Possible values are integers in






50. The molar solubility of one salt is reduced when another salt - having a common ion is brought into the same solution