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MCAT Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (chemistry) p(otential of) H(ydrogen)






2. Alkali metals: highly reactive - therefore always compounds. - 1 valence electron +1 ion - Hydrogen H? - Lithium Li? - Sodium Na? - Potassium K? - Rubidium Rb? - Cesium Cs?






3. A physical property of a solution that depends on the number - but not the identity - of the disswolved solute particles; example properties include vapor pressure lowering - boiling point elevation - osmotic pressure - and frezzing point depression






4. The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule






5. States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and momentum of an electron or any other particle






6. Acids defined as electron - pair acceptors and bases as electron - pair donors.






7. A naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers






8. Having characteristics of both an acid and a base and capable of reacting as either






9. An emperimentally determined mathmatical expression showing the rate of a reaction as a function of the concentration of its reactants






10. A set of spectral lines that appear in the visible light region when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from energy levels n>2 to n=2.






11. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory - stating that the three - dimensional molecular geometry about some central atom is determined by the elctronic repulsion between its bonding and nonbonding electron pairs.






12. The molar amount of a solute that can dissolve in 1L of solvent until equilibrium - saturation - is reached






13. A subdivision of an energy level in an atom. They are divided into orbitals.






14. Theory stating that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of collisions that take place between reactants per second.






15. The formation of one or more covalent bonds between an electron pair donor and an electron pair acceptor






16. The weight in grams of compound that can be substituted by 1 atom of Hydrogen. GEW = MW / # of acidic Hyrdogens






17. A chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms






18. A solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern.






19. Named after their cation and anion






20. A representation of a displacement reaction showing only the reactive species and omitting the spectator ions.






21. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms






22. Halogens; ns2np5 - - 2nd most reactive group - The Halogens; very active because of need to fill; form -1 ions; 7 electrons in valence shell; tend to form salts with elements from groups 1A and 2A






23. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge






24. 5 different orbitals shaped like clover leaves and max electrons is 10






25. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom






26. Substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution






27. Mixture of 2 or more substances that distills at a constant temperature and with constant composition - even though seperately the components have different boiling points






28. Region in a molecule where atomic orbitals overlap - resulting in either a stable low - energy bonding orbital or an unstable high - energy antibonding orbital.






29. A measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete






30. A reaction where a compound does Not change its molecular structure.






31. A substance that - when dissolved in water - results in a solution that can conduct electricity






32. Have three valance electrons. In certain instances - some elements will loose three electrons - but they will also share electrons with another element to attain stability.






33. A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule






34. Side - to side parallel orbitals overlap to share electrons - the 2nd/3rd covalent bond between two atoms - cannot rotate and maintain the bond.






35. The hypothetical equation showing only the species that is oxidized or reduced in a redox reaction and the correct number of electrons transferred between the species in the complete - balanced equation.






36. Small discrete increments of energy.






37. (chemistry) any theory in which all matter is composed of tiny discrete finite indivisible indestructible particles






38. Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated






39. An element in an 'A' group in the periodic table; as a group these elements display a wide range of physical and chemical properties. In their atoms - the s and p sublevels in the highest occupied energy level are partially filled






40. The vapor pressure of solution is the product of the mole fraction of the solvent and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. P_a=X_aP_total

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41. The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield for a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage; a measure of the efficiency of a reaction






42. The molar solubility of one salt is reduced when another salt - having a common ion is brought into the same solution






43. The ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. molality (M = moles solute/kg of solution)






44. The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms






45. A solution in which water is the solvent






46. The percent by mass of each element in a compound






47. The sum of the exponents in a rate law - where each exponent provides the reaction order with respect to its reactants






48. One - half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined






49. Sum of all the masses - in AMU - present in one molecule of a molecular compound.






50. PH of a molecule at which it contains no net electric charge - isoelectric point.