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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
triple bond
conformational isomer
allyl
amines
2. One s and three p orbitals
chiral
ketone
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
sp3
3. Sharing of electron between atoms
ring flip
halogenation
covalent bond
peroxycarboxylic acid
4. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
electrophilic addition of free radicals
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
cold potassium permanganate
Acetylene
5. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
electrophilic addition of H2O
ethers
meso compound
oxidizing
6. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
anti conformation
protic solvent
enantiomer
gauche conformation
7. Refers to the =CH2 group
weak bases
reducing
methylene
molecular orbital
8. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
protic solvent
carboxylic acid
amines
Alkene
9. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
Vinyl
electrophilic addition of free radicals
Alkene
oxidation
10. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
Haloalkane
carbonyl
stereoisomers
fischer projection
11. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
racemic mixture
protic solvent
nonbonded strain
enantiomer
12. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
sp
molecular orbital
torsional strain
13. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
ethers
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
gauche conformation
Alkane
14. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
disproportionation
pi bond
ring strain
aprotic solvent
15. F - CL - Br - I
halogen
electrophilic addition of HX
meso compound
catalytic hydrogenation
16. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
ketone
fischer projection
ozonolysis
aldehyde
17. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
initiation propagation termination
triple bond
diastereomers
hybridization
18. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
diastereomers
hybridization
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
19. Name for propanal
pyrolysis
propionaldehyde
allyl
basicity
20. Kmno4
hybridization
halogenation
geometric isomers
potassium permanganate
21. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
allyl
alkyne
eclipsed conformation
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
22. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
geometric isomers
2^n
catalytic hydrogenation
sp3
23. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
conformational isomer
aprotic solvent
aldehyde
saturated hydrocarbon
24. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
stereoisomers
y- root - en -x-yne
carbonyl
Vinyl
25. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
enantiomer
Alkyne
protic solvent
carboxylic acid
26. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
chiral
Combustion
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
sigma bond
27. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
sp
meso compound
alcohol
enantiomer
28. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
torsional strain
electrophilic addition of free radicals
achiral
Alkane
29. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
racemic mixture
oxidizing
electrophile
halogenation
30. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
configuration
electrophilic addition of X2
weak bases
mcpba
31. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
diastereomers
optical activity
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
halogenation
32. Name for ethanal
specific rotation
peroxycarboxylic acid
acetaldehyde
sp3
33. Steps of free radical substitution
ozonolysis
electrophile
absolute configuration
initiation propagation termination
34. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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35. Creation of long - high molecular weight polymer composed of repeating subunit called monomers. occur through a radical mechanism.
disproportionation
sp2
polymerization
specific rotation
36. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
ring flip
Ignored
configuration
lindlar's catalyst
37. Monosubstituted ethylene
Vinyl
electrophilic addition of X2
halogenation
Ignored
38. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
pyrolysis
covalent bond
markovnikov's rule
alcohol
39. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
catalytic hydrogenation
achiral
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
pi bond
40. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
Acetylene
relative configuration
chiral center
molecular orbital
41. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
Alkane nomenclature
quantum numbers
halogenation
stereoisomers
42. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
Alkene
quantum numbers
Ignored
vicinal
43. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
ethers
gauche conformation
optical activity
basicity
44. Name for mathanal
conformational isomer
formaldehyde
quantum numbers
catalytic hydrogenation
45. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
geometric isomers
Alkyne
nucleophile
reducing
46. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
reducing
carboxylic acid
meso compound
lindlar's catalyst
47. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
angle strain
ketone
cold potassium permanganate
relative configuration
48. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
electrophilic addition of H2O
2^n
diastereomers
saturated hydrocarbon
49. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
oxidation
nonbonded strain
polymerization
electrophile
50. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
electrophilic addition of X2
ionic bond
polymerization
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat