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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Kmno4






2. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart






3. Same molecular formula but different structure






4. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-






5. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4






6. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid






7. Charged - need electrons






8. One s and three p orbitals






9. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4






10. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.






11. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen






12. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene






13. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.






14. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon






15. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.






16. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.






17. Iso - neo - cyclo






18. Compounds with halogen






19. Steps of free radical substitution






20. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis






21. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen






22. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions






23. O3






24. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals






25. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain






26. F - CL - Br - I






27. Refers to the =CH2 group






28. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One






29. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections






30. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.






31. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers






32. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton






33. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties






34. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z






35. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR






36. What are the best leaving groups?






37. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule






38. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane






39. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.






40. When bond angles deviate from ideal values






41. Name for mathanal






42. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes






43. Most favorable of staggared conformations






44. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc






45. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.






46. Name for ethanal






47. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon






48. A = observed rotation / concentration * length






49. Two hydroxyl groups






50. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same







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