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MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
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mcat
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science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
formaldehyde
electrophilic addition
aldehyde
sp3
2. One s and three p orbitals
covalent bond
quantum numbers
sp3
molecular orbital
3. Compounds with halogen
sp3
Haloalkane
cold potassium permanganate
methylene
4. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
geminal
Acetylene
gauche conformation
hydroboration
5. Steps of free radical substitution
initiation propagation termination
oxidizing
enantiomer
achiral
6. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
meso compound
vicinal
allyl
covalent bond
7. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
stereoisomers
ethers
ketone
molecular orbital
8. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
protic solvent
catalytic hydrogenation
anti conformation
Alkene
9. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
specific rotation
configuration
saturated hydrocarbon
y- root - en -x-yne
10. Name for mathanal
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
ozonolysis
formaldehyde
enantiomer
11. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
ozonolysis
electrophilic addition of free radicals
geminal
diol
12. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
markovnikov's rule
vicinal
aprotic solvent
configuration
13. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
absolute configuration
ring flip
Alkane nomenclature
14. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
ozonolysis
formaldehyde
cold potassium permanganate
fischer projection
15. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
reducing
pi bond
allyl
conformational isomer
16. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
ionic bond
formaldehyde
enantiomer
isomer
17. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
disproportionation
aldehyde
geometric isomers
halogenation
18. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
alcohol
configuration
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
geminal
19. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
allyl
electrophilic addition of H2O
initiation propagation termination
electrophile
20. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
peroxycarboxylic acid
nucleophile
catalytic hydrogenation
allyl
21. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
electrophilic addition of X2
ketone
pi bond
allyl
22. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
covalent bond
basicity
y- root - en -x-yne
initiation propagation termination
23. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
protic solvent
Alkyne
electrophilic addition of HX
meso compound
24. F - CL - Br - I
markovnikov's rule
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
Alkane
halogen
25. Lowest priority group projects into the page
geometric isomers
halogenation
fischer projection
gauche conformation
26. Most favorable of staggared conformations
2^n
triple bond
anti conformation
achiral
27. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
anti conformation
Ignored
molecular orbital
geometric isomers
28. Creation of long - high molecular weight polymer composed of repeating subunit called monomers. occur through a radical mechanism.
aprotic solvent
oxidation
polymerization
chiral
29. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
electrophilic addition of free radicals
optical activity
angle strain
weak bases
30. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
mcpba
electrophilic addition of free radicals
Combustion
disproportionation
31. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
relative configuration
enantiomer
nucleophile
sp2
32. When boat flips
chiral center
molecular orbital
ring flip
nonbonded strain
33. Iso - neo - cyclo
electrophile
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
not ignored
angle strain
34. O3
fischer projection
ozonolysis
absolute configuration
Vinyl
35. Two hydroxyl groups
hydroboration
aprotic solvent
relative configuration
diol
36. Monosubstituted ethylene
eclipsed conformation
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
Vinyl
polymerization
37. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
alkyne
geometric isomers
mcpba
catalytic hydrogenation
38. Same molecular formula but different structure
ring strain
propionaldehyde
isomer
triple bond
39. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
sigma bond
Alkene
ionic bond
triple bond
40. Common name for ethyne
specific rotation
initiation propagation termination
Acetylene
basicity
41. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
enantiomer
relative configuration
sp
stereoisomers
42. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
triple bond
hybridization
meso compound
Alkane nomenclature
43. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
disproportionation
configuration
ethers
alcohol
44. N - l - ml - ms
nonbonded strain
cold potassium permanganate
quantum numbers
chiral center
45. Not solvated
acetaldehyde
absolute configuration
aprotic solvent
fischer projection
46. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
allyl
electrophilic addition
y- root - en -x-yne
eclipsed conformation
47. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
sigma bond
initiation propagation termination
sp3
electrophilic addition of H2O
48. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
electrophilic addition
formaldehyde
weak bases
peroxycarboxylic acid
49. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
markovnikov's rule
aldehyde
sigma bond
acetaldehyde
50. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
protic solvent
ozonolysis
alkyne
carboxylic acid
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