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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart






2. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn






3. Steps of free radical substitution






4. Same molecular formula but different structure






5. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space






6. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions






7. Most favorable of staggared conformations






8. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.






9. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.






10. Iso - neo - cyclo






11. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond






12. Name for mathanal






13. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest






14. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition






15. Name for propanal






16. Two hydroxyl groups






17. Lowest priority group projects into the page






18. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity






19. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z






20. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon






21. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule






22. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain






23. Charged - need electrons






24. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal






25. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc






26. One s and two p 120 degree apart






27. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms






28. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane






29. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O






30. Refers to the =CH2 group






31. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.






32. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton






33. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.






34. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another






35. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans






36. Kmno4






37. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'






38. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes






39. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.






40. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition






41. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.






42. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis






43. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.






44. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation

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45. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon






46. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties






47. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol






48. Monosubstituted ethylene






49. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.






50. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4