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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
potassium permanganate
ketone
enantiomer
2. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
formaldehyde
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
electrophilic addition of X2
diastereomers
3. Name for propanal
torsional strain
ring flip
propionaldehyde
nonbonded strain
4. A sigma bond and two pi bonds
molecular orbital
triple bond
carbonyl
covalent bond
5. N - l - ml - ms
quantum numbers
isomer
ring strain
electrophilic addition
6. What are the best leaving groups?
Combustion
carbonyl
quantum numbers
weak bases
7. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
y- root - en -x-yne
isomer
racemic mixture
stereoisomers
8. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
enantiomer
Ignored
disproportionation
relative configuration
9. Compounds with halogen
Haloalkane
sp3
electrophilic addition of HX
specific rotation
10. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
vicinal
y- root - en -x-yne
methylene
alkyne
11. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
markovnikov's rule
pi bond
pyrolysis
12. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
geminal
fischer projection
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
stereoisomers
13. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
ring strain
halogenation
Alkyne
weak bases
14. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
conformational isomer
primary carbon
pyrolysis
mcpba
15. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
markovnikov's rule
Alkene
stereoisomers
absolute configuration
16. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
polymerization
allyl
enantiomer
electrophilic addition of HX
17. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
ring strain
vicinal
y- root - en -x-yne
chiral center
18. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
hydroboration
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
potassium permanganate
eclipsed conformation
19. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
amines
hydroboration
electrophilic addition of X2
racemic mixture
20. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
peroxycarboxylic acid
halogenation
enantiomer
optical activity
21. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
sigma bond
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
achiral
22. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
conformational isomer
protic solvent
sp2
not ignored
23. Creation of long - high molecular weight polymer composed of repeating subunit called monomers. occur through a radical mechanism.
polymerization
sp3
mcpba
torsional strain
24. Lowest priority group projects into the page
initiation propagation termination
enantiomer
fischer projection
Alkyne
25. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
electrophilic addition of free radicals
achiral
chiral
specific rotation
26. Most favorable of staggared conformations
not ignored
y- root - en -x-yne
anti conformation
markovnikov's rule
27. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
carbonyl
peroxycarboxylic acid
electrophilic addition of X2
absolute configuration
28. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
Vinyl
achiral
pi bond
potassium permanganate
29. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
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30. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
configuration
pyrolysis
stereoisomers
potassium permanganate
31. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
oxidizing
geometric isomers
specific rotation
mcpba
32. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
stereoisomers
chiral
initiation propagation termination
not ignored
33. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
Alkene
protic solvent
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
configuration
34. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
ethers
gauche conformation
conformational isomer
torsional strain
35. Two hydroxyl groups
gauche conformation
Ignored
diol
electrophilic addition of free radicals
36. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
molecular orbital
sp
aprotic solvent
eclipsed conformation
37. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
potassium permanganate
chiral center
diastereomers
y- root - en -x-yne
38. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
vicinal
peroxycarboxylic acid
Ignored
acetaldehyde
39. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
protic solvent
basicity
ozonolysis
ring strain
40. Same molecular formula but different structure
ketone
halogen
isomer
geminal
41. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
gauche conformation
electrophilic addition of X2
halogenation
Alkane nomenclature
42. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
angle strain
sp3
nonbonded strain
oxidizing
43. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
geminal
alcohol
y- root - en -x-yne
nucleophile
44. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
formaldehyde
achiral
not ignored
electrophilic addition
45. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
structural isomers
specific rotation
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
initiation propagation termination
46. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
electrophilic addition of HX
propionaldehyde
electrophilic addition of H2O
enantiomer
47. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
relative configuration
diol
conformational isomer
Alkane
48. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
lindlar's catalyst
fischer projection
carboxylic acid
reducing
49. Name for ethanal
acetaldehyde
catalytic hydrogenation
Alkene
polymerization
50. Charged - need electrons
Alkene
ring flip
molecular orbital
electrophile