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MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
:
mcat
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science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
ketone
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
pyrolysis
molecular orbital
2. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
diastereomers
conformational isomer
configuration
gauche conformation
3. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
halogen
protic solvent
halogenation
specific rotation
4. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
triple bond
ring strain
2^n
alcohol
5. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
sp3
halogenation
sigma bond
chiral
6. Name for ethanal
absolute configuration
acetaldehyde
2^n
configuration
7. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
meso compound
ketone
pyrolysis
carbonyl
8. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
triple bond
electrophilic addition of free radicals
Combustion
enantiomer
9. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
triple bond
optical activity
angle strain
relative configuration
10. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
pi bond
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
torsional strain
alcohol
11. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
relative configuration
cold potassium permanganate
geometric isomers
electrophilic addition of HX
12. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
diastereomers
stereoisomers
anti conformation
structural isomers
13. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
primary carbon
carboxylic acid
ethers
aprotic solvent
14. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
meso compound
isomer
halogenation
covalent bond
15. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
reducing
lindlar's catalyst
geminal
sigma bond
16. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
electrophilic addition of free radicals
carbonyl
reducing
sp
17. Sharing of electron between atoms
y- root - en -x-yne
acetaldehyde
vicinal
covalent bond
18. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
oxidation
pyrolysis
stereoisomers
specific rotation
19. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
Ignored
pi bond
y- root - en -x-yne
specific rotation
20. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
quantum numbers
sigma bond
Alkyne
pi bond
21. Not solvated
specific rotation
relative configuration
structural isomers
aprotic solvent
22. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
gauche conformation
primary carbon
sp2
electrophilic addition of H2O
23. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
molecular orbital
isomer
oxidizing
ozonolysis
24. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
lindlar's catalyst
chiral
electrophilic addition
hybridization
25. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
saturated hydrocarbon
sp
absolute configuration
achiral
26. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
protic solvent
2^n
sp2
vicinal
27. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
peroxycarboxylic acid
Alkene
cold potassium permanganate
torsional strain
28. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
amines
disproportionation
alcohol
electrophilic addition of HX
29. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
primary carbon
peroxycarboxylic acid
relative configuration
polymerization
30. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond
reducing
alkyne
mcpba
allyl
31. Name for propanal
sp3
propionaldehyde
sp
polymerization
32. Common name for ethyne
Acetylene
enantiomer
electrophilic addition
alcohol
33. F - CL - Br - I
absolute configuration
Haloalkane
halogen
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
34. What are the best leaving groups?
polymerization
enantiomer
allyl
weak bases
35. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
gauche conformation
disproportionation
primary carbon
pyrolysis
36. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
electrophilic addition of X2
saturated hydrocarbon
meso compound
ring flip
37. N - l - ml - ms
cold potassium permanganate
quantum numbers
relative configuration
absolute configuration
38. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
quantum numbers
acetaldehyde
ring flip
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
39. Iso - neo - cyclo
isomer
not ignored
eclipsed conformation
Vinyl
40. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
nucleophile
Alkane
angle strain
sigma bond
41. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
conformational isomer
hybridization
potassium permanganate
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
42. Lowest priority group projects into the page
fischer projection
catalytic hydrogenation
alcohol
specific rotation
43. When boat flips
enantiomer
oxidizing
ring flip
conformational isomer
44. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
chiral
ionic bond
carbonyl
diastereomers
45. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
Alkane nomenclature
markovnikov's rule
electrophilic addition of H2O
weak bases
46. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
Haloalkane
mcpba
electrophilic addition of HX
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
47. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
Ignored
initiation propagation termination
eclipsed conformation
sp
48. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
Haloalkane
absolute configuration
molecular orbital
amines
49. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
chiral
angle strain
enantiomer
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
50. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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