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MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sharing of electron between atoms
covalent bond
primary carbon
electrophile
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
2. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
ethers
aprotic solvent
vicinal
initiation propagation termination
3. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
ozonolysis
alcohol
anti conformation
acetaldehyde
4. Most favorable of staggared conformations
anti conformation
aprotic solvent
electrophilic addition of X2
gauche conformation
5. Di - tri - t - sec - n -
ketone
Combustion
Ignored
cold potassium permanganate
6. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
nonbonded strain
Vinyl
diol
ozonolysis
7. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
ozonolysis
Alkane nomenclature
initiation propagation termination
carbonyl
8. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
amines
primary carbon
hybridization
sigma bond
9. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
disproportionation
Ignored
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
propionaldehyde
10. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
oxidizing
electrophilic addition of H2O
chiral
relative configuration
11. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
disproportionation
angle strain
oxidizing
absolute configuration
12. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
alcohol
pyrolysis
eclipsed conformation
Alkyne
13. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
isomer
saturated hydrocarbon
enantiomer
14. N - l - ml - ms
structural isomers
quantum numbers
Alkyne
halogen
15. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
markovnikov's rule
torsional strain
reducing
anti conformation
16. Charged - need electrons
electrophile
geometric isomers
triple bond
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
17. Kmno4
saturated hydrocarbon
potassium permanganate
acetaldehyde
formaldehyde
18. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
Alkyne
specific rotation
electrophilic addition of H2O
aldehyde
19. Not solvated
oxidizing
aprotic solvent
amines
y- root - en -x-yne
20. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
hybridization
ring strain
achiral
diastereomers
21. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
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22. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
anti conformation
isomer
oxidizing
disproportionation
23. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
structural isomers
ketone
chiral center
nucleophile
24. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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25. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
ketone
pi bond
polymerization
diol
26. O3
ozonolysis
structural isomers
primary carbon
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
27. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
structural isomers
pi bond
vicinal
peroxycarboxylic acid
28. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
absolute configuration
vicinal
alcohol
sigma bond
29. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
ionic bond
enantiomer
sp2
carbonyl
30. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
ring flip
markovnikov's rule
amines
Ignored
31. Same molecular formula but different structure
isomer
methylene
angle strain
protic solvent
32. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
ozonolysis
alkyne
nucleophile
cold potassium permanganate
33. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
meso compound
racemic mixture
nucleophile
enantiomer
34. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
triple bond
propionaldehyde
covalent bond
hydroboration
35. Lowest priority group projects into the page
diastereomers
fischer projection
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
sp2
36. Name for mathanal
formaldehyde
ring flip
primary carbon
specific rotation
37. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
disproportionation
gauche conformation
achiral
electrophilic addition of free radicals
38. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
ozonolysis
amines
molecular orbital
mcpba
39. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
ethers
geminal
absolute configuration
Alkane
40. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
initiation propagation termination
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
oxidizing
allyl
41. Reaction of alkane with oxygen to form carbon dioxide - water and heat.
Combustion
Alkene
enantiomer
halogen
42. A sigma bond and two pi bonds
sp3
enantiomer
hybridization
triple bond
43. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
ketone
nonbonded strain
electrophilic addition of H2O
potassium permanganate
44. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
sp
electrophilic addition of X2
initiation propagation termination
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
45. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
geometric isomers
ketone
carboxylic acid
protic solvent
46. Monosubstituted ethylene
Alkyne
geometric isomers
acetaldehyde
Vinyl
47. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
hybridization
oxidation
stereoisomers
formaldehyde
48. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
diol
electrophilic addition of X2
Alkyne
protic solvent
49. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
configuration
covalent bond
diastereomers
basicity
50. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
racemic mixture
nucleophile
saturated hydrocarbon
weak bases
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