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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
vicinal
saturated hydrocarbon
sp2
carboxylic acid
2. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
sp3
Ignored
2^n
chiral center
3. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
hydroboration
Alkane
aprotic solvent
optical activity
4. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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5. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
electrophilic addition
oxidizing
torsional strain
nonbonded strain
6. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
sp3
stereoisomers
ozonolysis
mcpba
7. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
nonbonded strain
formaldehyde
sp3
initiation propagation termination
8. Common name for ethyne
aprotic solvent
Ignored
Acetylene
potassium permanganate
9. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
Alkene
electrophilic addition of X2
protic solvent
diastereomers
10. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
sp2
carbonyl
ketone
achiral
11. F - CL - Br - I
absolute configuration
amines
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
halogen
12. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
Ignored
primary carbon
gauche conformation
allyl
13. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
angle strain
electrophilic addition of X2
enantiomer
halogenation
14. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
hybridization
amines
gauche conformation
basicity
15. Monosubstituted ethylene
Vinyl
acetaldehyde
halogen
chiral center
16. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
catalytic hydrogenation
amines
racemic mixture
Acetylene
17. Charged - need electrons
racemic mixture
electrophile
weak bases
methylene
18. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
conformational isomer
reducing
ionic bond
nucleophile
19. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
ring strain
achiral
pi bond
halogenation
20. When boat flips
diol
chiral
ring flip
cold potassium permanganate
21. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
torsional strain
aldehyde
2^n
ethers
22. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
nucleophile
ketone
enantiomer
meso compound
23. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
sp
molecular orbital
absolute configuration
racemic mixture
24. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
diastereomers
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
potassium permanganate
fischer projection
25. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
oxidation
pyrolysis
sp3
Alkane nomenclature
26. Refers to the =CH2 group
chiral center
methylene
halogenation
geminal
27. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
halogenation
diastereomers
primary carbon
carboxylic acid
28. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
polymerization
ozonolysis
halogenation
basicity
29. Lowest priority group projects into the page
electrophilic addition
sp2
fischer projection
alcohol
30. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
sp
relative configuration
ring strain
halogen
31. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
acetaldehyde
Alkyne
enantiomer
optical activity
32. Creation of long - high molecular weight polymer composed of repeating subunit called monomers. occur through a radical mechanism.
diastereomers
weak bases
methylene
polymerization
33. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
peroxycarboxylic acid
Vinyl
basicity
specific rotation
34. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
sp3
pi bond
formaldehyde
angle strain
35. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
Haloalkane
eclipsed conformation
electrophilic addition of H2O
electrophile
36. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
Alkyne
propionaldehyde
oxidizing
lindlar's catalyst
37. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
Vinyl
reducing
structural isomers
ketone
38. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
initiation propagation termination
gauche conformation
oxidation
meso compound
39. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
quantum numbers
oxidation
Alkane
fischer projection
40. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
carbonyl
ring strain
protic solvent
y- root - en -x-yne
41. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
chiral
Ignored
eclipsed conformation
torsional strain
42. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
relative configuration
pyrolysis
triple bond
oxidizing
43. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
molecular orbital
enantiomer
ketone
Alkane nomenclature
44. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
lindlar's catalyst
y- root - en -x-yne
Vinyl
ozonolysis
45. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
enantiomer
vicinal
Combustion
geminal
46. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
reducing
ozonolysis
Alkene
conformational isomer
47. Same molecular formula but different structure
primary carbon
eclipsed conformation
isomer
covalent bond
48. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
lindlar's catalyst
weak bases
carbonyl
Haloalkane
49. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
sigma bond
racemic mixture
electrophilic addition of H2O
configuration
50. Name for ethanal
acetaldehyde
reducing
oxidizing
disproportionation