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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Di - tri - t - sec - n -
Ignored
alkyne
Alkane nomenclature
cold potassium permanganate
2. What are the best leaving groups?
markovnikov's rule
basicity
hydroboration
weak bases
3. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
molecular orbital
sigma bond
acetaldehyde
anti conformation
4. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
carboxylic acid
disproportionation
not ignored
acetaldehyde
5. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
absolute configuration
Ignored
primary carbon
aldehyde
6. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
Combustion
pi bond
eclipsed conformation
Alkane nomenclature
7. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
optical activity
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
Combustion
fischer projection
8. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
electrophilic addition of HX
carboxylic acid
oxidation
gauche conformation
9. Refers to the =CH2 group
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
ozonolysis
enantiomer
methylene
10. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
racemic mixture
Combustion
basicity
Alkane
11. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
sp2
pyrolysis
electrophilic addition
achiral
12. F - CL - Br - I
halogen
electrophilic addition of H2O
achiral
ozonolysis
13. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
anti conformation
halogen
eclipsed conformation
ethers
14. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
electrophilic addition of free radicals
electrophilic addition of H2O
polymerization
15. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
weak bases
conformational isomer
electrophilic addition of X2
electrophile
16. O3
weak bases
enantiomer
ozonolysis
halogenation
17. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
electrophilic addition of HX
ionic bond
electrophilic addition of H2O
isomer
18. Not solvated
ring strain
aprotic solvent
vicinal
gauche conformation
19. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
molecular orbital
diol
alkyne
20. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
electrophilic addition of HX
basicity
pi bond
ionic bond
21. Two hydroxyl groups
diol
nucleophile
meso compound
weak bases
22. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
triple bond
torsional strain
amines
pi bond
23. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
aldehyde
Haloalkane
electrophile
sp2
24. When boat flips
propionaldehyde
ring flip
structural isomers
diastereomers
25. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
not ignored
gauche conformation
fischer projection
electrophilic addition of X2
26. Lowest priority group projects into the page
propionaldehyde
acetaldehyde
triple bond
fischer projection
27. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
aldehyde
ozonolysis
y- root - en -x-yne
electrophilic addition of X2
28. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
ionic bond
allyl
ring strain
29. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
structural isomers
sp3
electrophilic addition of free radicals
Combustion
30. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
pi bond
reducing
Alkyne
covalent bond
31. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
not ignored
ozonolysis
chiral
2^n
32. Name for mathanal
structural isomers
electrophile
ketone
formaldehyde
33. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
meso compound
torsional strain
ozonolysis
enantiomer
34. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
torsional strain
oxidation
electrophilic addition of HX
enantiomer
35. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
potassium permanganate
ionic bond
reducing
polymerization
36. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
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37. One s and three p orbitals
not ignored
aprotic solvent
carboxylic acid
sp3
38. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
torsional strain
hybridization
ethers
enantiomer
39. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
enantiomer
gauche conformation
electrophilic addition of H2O
ketone
40. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
peroxycarboxylic acid
optical activity
basicity
sp
41. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
Alkane nomenclature
carboxylic acid
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
halogenation
42. Compounds with halogen
Haloalkane
meso compound
mcpba
Ignored
43. Same molecular formula but different structure
protic solvent
cold potassium permanganate
isomer
configuration
44. Steps of free radical substitution
meso compound
initiation propagation termination
triple bond
hydroboration
45. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
nonbonded strain
saturated hydrocarbon
mcpba
Acetylene
46. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
allyl
ring flip
enantiomer
Alkene
47. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
disproportionation
chiral
basicity
48. Common name for ethyne
propionaldehyde
stereoisomers
racemic mixture
Acetylene
49. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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50. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
torsional strain
Alkyne
anti conformation
optical activity
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