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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
oxidizing
triple bond
electrophile
2. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
acetaldehyde
Ignored
Combustion
ethers
3. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
Alkyne
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
2^n
alkyne
4. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
aldehyde
cold potassium permanganate
geminal
ethers
5. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
triple bond
cold potassium permanganate
allyl
ketone
6. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
achiral
vicinal
Haloalkane
Combustion
7. Name for propanal
cold potassium permanganate
propionaldehyde
geminal
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
8. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
not ignored
halogen
hydroboration
sp
9. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
ketone
oxidizing
amines
covalent bond
10. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
sp3
electrophilic addition of free radicals
electrophilic addition of HX
molecular orbital
11. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
electrophilic addition of HX
configuration
protic solvent
racemic mixture
12. Compounds with halogen
Haloalkane
fischer projection
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
not ignored
13. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
electrophilic addition of free radicals
alcohol
absolute configuration
markovnikov's rule
14. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
eclipsed conformation
molecular orbital
saturated hydrocarbon
relative configuration
15. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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16. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
enantiomer
ionic bond
ring strain
carboxylic acid
17. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
fischer projection
oxidation
2^n
chiral center
18. N - l - ml - ms
alcohol
ozonolysis
quantum numbers
carboxylic acid
19. One s and two p 120 degree apart
primary carbon
Alkene
electrophilic addition of H2O
sp2
20. Reaction of alkane with oxygen to form carbon dioxide - water and heat.
enantiomer
Combustion
carbonyl
ethers
21. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
gauche conformation
lindlar's catalyst
polymerization
Alkyne
22. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
relative configuration
ketone
acetaldehyde
initiation propagation termination
23. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
mcpba
fischer projection
sp
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
24. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
achiral
structural isomers
basicity
racemic mixture
25. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
allyl
reducing
conformational isomer
meso compound
26. O3
amines
methylene
Alkane
ozonolysis
27. Lowest priority group projects into the page
fischer projection
alcohol
absolute configuration
diol
28. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
ozonolysis
weak bases
oxidation
nucleophile
29. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
formaldehyde
sp2
electrophilic addition
pyrolysis
30. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
cold potassium permanganate
Ignored
allyl
Alkyne
31. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
electrophilic addition
electrophilic addition of H2O
stereoisomers
enantiomer
32. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
pyrolysis
halogen
geminal
enantiomer
33. One s and three p orbitals
oxidation
methylene
y- root - en -x-yne
sp3
34. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
Alkane
conformational isomer
electrophilic addition of H2O
configuration
35. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
initiation propagation termination
electrophilic addition of H2O
fischer projection
potassium permanganate
36. Common name for ethyne
lindlar's catalyst
propionaldehyde
Acetylene
enantiomer
37. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond
Vinyl
alcohol
alkyne
electrophilic addition
38. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
potassium permanganate
initiation propagation termination
electrophilic addition of HX
Acetylene
39. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
pi bond
electrophilic addition of HX
triple bond
achiral
40. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
nonbonded strain
aprotic solvent
gauche conformation
specific rotation
41. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
enantiomer
conformational isomer
chiral center
carboxylic acid
42. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
catalytic hydrogenation
specific rotation
basicity
ozonolysis
43. Monosubstituted ethylene
angle strain
Vinyl
oxidation
aprotic solvent
44. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
absolute configuration
basicity
conformational isomer
ring flip
45. Refers to the =CH2 group
mcpba
methylene
oxidation
ring strain
46. Two hydroxyl groups
cold potassium permanganate
diol
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
not ignored
47. Name for ethanal
propionaldehyde
aprotic solvent
acetaldehyde
geminal
48. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
Haloalkane
geminal
angle strain
gauche conformation
49. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
isomer
halogen
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
peroxycarboxylic acid
50. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
diastereomers
carbonyl
pi bond
electrophilic addition of H2O
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