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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
hybridization
Alkane nomenclature
ionic bond
electrophile
2. Most favorable of staggared conformations
anti conformation
sp
triple bond
electrophilic addition of HX
3. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
Combustion
allyl
hybridization
chiral center
4. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
Alkyne
polymerization
aprotic solvent
markovnikov's rule
5. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
6. One s and three p orbitals
weak bases
fischer projection
sp3
electrophilic addition
7. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
anti conformation
Vinyl
enantiomer
electrophilic addition of HX
8. Same molecular formula but different structure
stereoisomers
fischer projection
isomer
Ignored
9. Name for ethanal
absolute configuration
acetaldehyde
markovnikov's rule
ionic bond
10. When boat flips
structural isomers
specific rotation
racemic mixture
ring flip
11. Charged - need electrons
alkyne
electrophilic addition of HX
gauche conformation
electrophile
12. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
potassium permanganate
sigma bond
catalytic hydrogenation
Alkane
13. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
sp3
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
aprotic solvent
achiral
14. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
nonbonded strain
nucleophile
electrophilic addition of HX
sp3
15. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
enantiomer
basicity
pi bond
relative configuration
16. Name for mathanal
formaldehyde
nucleophile
stereoisomers
angle strain
17. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
geminal
saturated hydrocarbon
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
hydroboration
18. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
eclipsed conformation
hydroboration
amines
enantiomer
19. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
protic solvent
structural isomers
stereoisomers
aprotic solvent
20. N - l - ml - ms
sp2
electrophilic addition of X2
covalent bond
quantum numbers
21. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
angle strain
configuration
catalytic hydrogenation
specific rotation
22. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
racemic mixture
nucleophile
hybridization
structural isomers
23. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
peroxycarboxylic acid
nucleophile
diol
aprotic solvent
24. Not solvated
aprotic solvent
oxidizing
relative configuration
nucleophile
25. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
angle strain
aldehyde
nucleophile
mcpba
26. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
relative configuration
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
pi bond
geminal
27. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
electrophilic addition of HX
enantiomer
achiral
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
28. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
Alkane nomenclature
absolute configuration
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
fischer projection
29. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
stereoisomers
absolute configuration
oxidizing
electrophilic addition of HX
30. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
electrophilic addition of X2
sigma bond
amines
not ignored
31. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
geminal
primary carbon
Haloalkane
optical activity
32. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
basicity
sp3
ethers
eclipsed conformation
33. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
oxidation
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
propionaldehyde
carbonyl
34. Common name for ethyne
Acetylene
optical activity
cold potassium permanganate
carboxylic acid
35. Di - tri - t - sec - n -
Combustion
geminal
Ignored
relative configuration
36. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
mcpba
chiral center
meso compound
Alkane
37. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
molecular orbital
carbonyl
Haloalkane
optical activity
38. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
Alkane nomenclature
configuration
stereoisomers
oxidizing
39. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
meso compound
pi bond
Haloalkane
oxidizing
40. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
sp2
electrophilic addition of free radicals
electrophilic addition of X2
formaldehyde
41. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
electrophilic addition of X2
diastereomers
y- root - en -x-yne
conformational isomer
42. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
torsional strain
basicity
Alkane
conformational isomer
43. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
configuration
ozonolysis
gauche conformation
geometric isomers
44. Reaction of alkane with oxygen to form carbon dioxide - water and heat.
molecular orbital
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
Combustion
isomer
45. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
2^n
sp2
reducing
covalent bond
46. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
potassium permanganate
nonbonded strain
vicinal
Acetylene
47. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
specific rotation
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
Alkene
ketone
48. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
sp2
Alkane nomenclature
racemic mixture
methylene
49. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
2^n
formaldehyde
aprotic solvent
sp
50. What are the best leaving groups?
weak bases
ethers
ketone
Haloalkane