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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
Alkene
protic solvent
catalytic hydrogenation
diol
2. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
nonbonded strain
Alkane nomenclature
pi bond
2^n
3. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
allyl
optical activity
ring strain
racemic mixture
4. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
chiral center
ethers
cold potassium permanganate
isomer
5. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
nonbonded strain
enantiomer
Alkyne
structural isomers
6. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond
formaldehyde
alkyne
angle strain
electrophilic addition of X2
7. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
aprotic solvent
basicity
propionaldehyde
conformational isomer
8. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
electrophilic addition of X2
Vinyl
structural isomers
electrophilic addition of free radicals
9. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
hydroboration
oxidation
electrophilic addition of HX
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
10. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
configuration
hybridization
pyrolysis
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
11. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
electrophilic addition of X2
protic solvent
optical activity
nucleophile
12. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
aldehyde
achiral
sp3
electrophilic addition of X2
13. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
acetaldehyde
structural isomers
chiral center
amines
14. Two hydroxyl groups
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
Haloalkane
electrophilic addition
diol
15. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
Alkyne
lindlar's catalyst
amines
covalent bond
16. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
absolute configuration
electrophile
peroxycarboxylic acid
weak bases
17. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
markovnikov's rule
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
structural isomers
allyl
18. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
eclipsed conformation
stereoisomers
Haloalkane
Vinyl
19. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
ethers
enantiomer
covalent bond
y- root - en -x-yne
20. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
Ignored
halogenation
geminal
chiral center
21. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
chiral
geometric isomers
relative configuration
angle strain
22. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
structural isomers
halogen
stereoisomers
hybridization
23. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
potassium permanganate
mcpba
oxidizing
alcohol
24. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
reducing
sp
nucleophile
achiral
25. Compounds with halogen
Haloalkane
halogenation
nucleophile
catalytic hydrogenation
26. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
catalytic hydrogenation
electrophilic addition of X2
meso compound
ionic bond
27. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
covalent bond
chiral
alcohol
Vinyl
28. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
chiral
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
sigma bond
conformational isomer
29. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
chiral
electrophilic addition of X2
carboxylic acid
electrophilic addition
30. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
catalytic hydrogenation
configuration
acetaldehyde
Vinyl
31. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
catalytic hydrogenation
ozonolysis
Alkene
cold potassium permanganate
32. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
chiral
chiral center
alcohol
diol
33. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
geometric isomers
Alkane nomenclature
geminal
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
34. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
triple bond
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
diastereomers
electrophilic addition of X2
35. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
ozonolysis
Alkane
aprotic solvent
sigma bond
36. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
allyl
nucleophile
quantum numbers
carbonyl
37. Monosubstituted ethylene
Vinyl
propionaldehyde
basicity
oxidation
38. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
ring strain
cold potassium permanganate
meso compound
peroxycarboxylic acid
39. Steps of free radical substitution
initiation propagation termination
sp2
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
acetaldehyde
40. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
specific rotation
peroxycarboxylic acid
Alkane nomenclature
hybridization
41. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
electrophilic addition
disproportionation
pi bond
Ignored
42. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
molecular orbital
electrophilic addition of HX
pi bond
allyl
43. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
propionaldehyde
nonbonded strain
anti conformation
saturated hydrocarbon
44. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
enantiomer
peroxycarboxylic acid
nucleophile
angle strain
45. O3
mcpba
ethers
sigma bond
ozonolysis
46. Name for propanal
propionaldehyde
ring strain
electrophilic addition of H2O
cold potassium permanganate
47. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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48. One s and three p orbitals
y- root - en -x-yne
ring flip
methylene
sp3
49. Name for ethanal
Haloalkane
specific rotation
acetaldehyde
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
50. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
methylene
ionic bond
torsional strain
sigma bond