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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the best leaving groups?
oxidizing
weak bases
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
gauche conformation
2. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
2^n
polymerization
halogenation
triple bond
3. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
disproportionation
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
polymerization
conformational isomer
4. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
ozonolysis
halogen
Combustion
absolute configuration
5. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
stereoisomers
oxidation
racemic mixture
hydroboration
6. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
sp2
eclipsed conformation
primary carbon
enantiomer
7. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
amines
Combustion
ketone
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
8. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
basicity
carbonyl
ozonolysis
oxidation
9. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
y- root - en -x-yne
nucleophile
Alkane
optical activity
10. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
halogenation
carboxylic acid
primary carbon
electrophilic addition of X2
11. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
ring strain
carboxylic acid
amines
protic solvent
12. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
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13. Two hydroxyl groups
angle strain
ionic bond
halogenation
diol
14. Refers to the =CH2 group
enantiomer
methylene
carboxylic acid
pi bond
15. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
basicity
geometric isomers
polymerization
ring flip
16. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
saturated hydrocarbon
electrophilic addition of H2O
2^n
diastereomers
17. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
electrophilic addition
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
reducing
sp
18. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
electrophilic addition of free radicals
ketone
oxidizing
enantiomer
19. Charged - need electrons
anti conformation
sp2
electrophile
quantum numbers
20. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
structural isomers
weak bases
ethers
meso compound
21. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
pi bond
ketone
triple bond
sp2
22. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
Acetylene
electrophilic addition of X2
primary carbon
formaldehyde
23. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
oxidation
Combustion
triple bond
24. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
pi bond
chiral
racemic mixture
specific rotation
25. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
angle strain
formaldehyde
ozonolysis
protic solvent
26. Steps of free radical substitution
initiation propagation termination
absolute configuration
carboxylic acid
Acetylene
27. A sigma bond and two pi bonds
markovnikov's rule
triple bond
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
Alkene
28. F - CL - Br - I
halogen
propionaldehyde
halogenation
chiral center
29. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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30. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
aldehyde
hydroboration
angle strain
anti conformation
31. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
diastereomers
covalent bond
Alkane nomenclature
2^n
32. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
oxidizing
Acetylene
allyl
alcohol
33. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
ionic bond
sp
stereoisomers
fischer projection
34. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
enantiomer
racemic mixture
quantum numbers
not ignored
35. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
allyl
specific rotation
geminal
oxidation
36. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
structural isomers
electrophilic addition of X2
optical activity
anti conformation
37. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
ring strain
ethers
cold potassium permanganate
halogen
38. Name for mathanal
formaldehyde
alkyne
racemic mixture
quantum numbers
39. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
nucleophile
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
angle strain
Alkane
40. Compounds with halogen
molecular orbital
Haloalkane
geminal
Combustion
41. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
halogenation
Alkane nomenclature
mcpba
geometric isomers
42. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
geminal
hydroboration
diastereomers
geometric isomers
43. O3
eclipsed conformation
ozonolysis
diastereomers
peroxycarboxylic acid
44. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
electrophilic addition of free radicals
weak bases
gauche conformation
optical activity
45. Iso - neo - cyclo
sigma bond
primary carbon
halogenation
not ignored
46. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
geometric isomers
sp3
amines
Ignored
47. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
geminal
optical activity
carboxylic acid
oxidizing
48. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
methylene
saturated hydrocarbon
halogenation
geminal
49. One s and two p 120 degree apart
oxidation
catalytic hydrogenation
sp2
amines
50. Monosubstituted ethylene
Vinyl
nonbonded strain
alkyne
Acetylene