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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
ring strain
vicinal
carboxylic acid
sp
2. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
electrophilic addition of X2
amines
reducing
sp3
3. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
propionaldehyde
2^n
hydroboration
gauche conformation
4. Common name for ethyne
isomer
geometric isomers
electrophilic addition
Acetylene
5. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
disproportionation
angle strain
eclipsed conformation
primary carbon
6. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
alkyne
Combustion
lindlar's catalyst
sp
7. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
ketone
allyl
relative configuration
Alkene
8. Charged - need electrons
electrophile
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
electrophilic addition of free radicals
absolute configuration
9. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
stereoisomers
chiral
catalytic hydrogenation
absolute configuration
10. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
Acetylene
racemic mixture
electrophilic addition of HX
molecular orbital
11. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
Alkene
chiral center
halogenation
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
12. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
diastereomers
protic solvent
chiral
reducing
13. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
ethers
oxidation
conformational isomer
nonbonded strain
14. N - l - ml - ms
quantum numbers
2^n
catalytic hydrogenation
markovnikov's rule
15. Lowest priority group projects into the page
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
hydroboration
fischer projection
mcpba
16. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
electrophilic addition
weak bases
pi bond
relative configuration
17. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
enantiomer
hybridization
electrophilic addition of HX
ethers
18. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
gauche conformation
structural isomers
Alkane
basicity
19. Not solvated
aprotic solvent
carboxylic acid
electrophilic addition of HX
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
20. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
electrophilic addition of X2
2^n
weak bases
acetaldehyde
21. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
methylene
ozonolysis
y- root - en -x-yne
conformational isomer
22. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
quantum numbers
catalytic hydrogenation
sp
angle strain
23. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
potassium permanganate
chiral
configuration
basicity
24. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
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25. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
aprotic solvent
electrophilic addition
ozonolysis
ring strain
26. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
electrophilic addition of X2
cold potassium permanganate
sp3
2^n
27. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
nonbonded strain
Ignored
electrophilic addition
diol
28. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
fischer projection
primary carbon
eclipsed conformation
conformational isomer
29. F - CL - Br - I
markovnikov's rule
halogen
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
hybridization
30. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
meso compound
angle strain
configuration
pi bond
31. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
geometric isomers
sp2
electrophilic addition of HX
Acetylene
32. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
quantum numbers
aprotic solvent
sp2
Alkene
33. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
amines
angle strain
2^n
electrophilic addition of free radicals
34. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
electrophilic addition of free radicals
specific rotation
electrophilic addition of X2
amines
35. One s and two p 120 degree apart
mcpba
sp2
disproportionation
not ignored
36. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
carbonyl
electrophilic addition of free radicals
stereoisomers
nucleophile
37. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
diol
Ignored
catalytic hydrogenation
pi bond
38. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
oxidation
electrophilic addition
electrophile
sp
39. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
ozonolysis
optical activity
protic solvent
ketone
40. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
nucleophile
sp3
ionic bond
y- root - en -x-yne
41. Refers to the =CH2 group
quantum numbers
stereoisomers
methylene
basicity
42. Two hydroxyl groups
anti conformation
aldehyde
diol
ethers
43. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
triple bond
halogenation
diastereomers
Alkane nomenclature
44. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
formaldehyde
hybridization
absolute configuration
pi bond
45. Name for propanal
hydroboration
sp2
isomer
propionaldehyde
46. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
sigma bond
specific rotation
anti conformation
halogenation
47. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
angle strain
saturated hydrocarbon
hybridization
ring strain
48. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
absolute configuration
carboxylic acid
Alkane nomenclature
conformational isomer
49. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
sigma bond
Vinyl
electrophilic addition of H2O
allyl
50. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
oxidizing
torsional strain
carbonyl
Alkene