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MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
triple bond
2^n
aprotic solvent
Alkane nomenclature
2. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
acetaldehyde
electrophilic addition
stereoisomers
3. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
potassium permanganate
torsional strain
basicity
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
4. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
angle strain
conformational isomer
allyl
sigma bond
5. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
sigma bond
nucleophile
relative configuration
vicinal
6. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond
Vinyl
torsional strain
eclipsed conformation
alkyne
7. Compounds with halogen
configuration
ring flip
alcohol
Haloalkane
8. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
protic solvent
chiral center
torsional strain
basicity
9. Two hydroxyl groups
alcohol
electrophilic addition of free radicals
oxidizing
diol
10. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
isomer
weak bases
eclipsed conformation
oxidation
11. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
isomer
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
pyrolysis
saturated hydrocarbon
12. Same molecular formula but different structure
isomer
methylene
diol
disproportionation
13. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
protic solvent
cold potassium permanganate
chiral
electrophilic addition of HX
14. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
triple bond
methylene
carbonyl
achiral
15. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
geminal
ketone
ring strain
carboxylic acid
16. Iso - neo - cyclo
not ignored
hydroboration
enantiomer
geometric isomers
17. Common name for ethyne
2^n
Acetylene
oxidizing
meso compound
18. Lowest priority group projects into the page
fischer projection
meso compound
propionaldehyde
hybridization
19. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
configuration
pyrolysis
sp
conformational isomer
20. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
quantum numbers
sp
polymerization
anti conformation
21. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
achiral
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
diol
hydroboration
22. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
quantum numbers
electrophilic addition of H2O
hybridization
geminal
23. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
aldehyde
geminal
covalent bond
amines
24. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
reducing
primary carbon
structural isomers
geminal
25. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
geometric isomers
sp
optical activity
ozonolysis
26. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
stereoisomers
Combustion
oxidation
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
27. What are the best leaving groups?
hybridization
electrophile
weak bases
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
28. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
covalent bond
ozonolysis
optical activity
ring strain
29. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
initiation propagation termination
pyrolysis
primary carbon
ring strain
30. Name for ethanal
ionic bond
acetaldehyde
fischer projection
Vinyl
31. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
electrophilic addition of HX
eclipsed conformation
electrophilic addition of free radicals
peroxycarboxylic acid
32. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
electrophile
Alkane
sigma bond
electrophilic addition of H2O
33. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
conformational isomer
hydroboration
achiral
chiral
34. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
ionic bond
specific rotation
sp
electrophilic addition of HX
35. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
anti conformation
Alkyne
y- root - en -x-yne
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
36. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
sp2
weak bases
diastereomers
conformational isomer
37. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
Vinyl
sp
mcpba
reducing
38. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
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39. Sharing of electron between atoms
covalent bond
reducing
electrophilic addition of H2O
diastereomers
40. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
saturated hydrocarbon
vicinal
markovnikov's rule
electrophilic addition
41. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
oxidizing
formaldehyde
Alkane nomenclature
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
42. One s and two p 120 degree apart
sp2
geminal
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
acetaldehyde
43. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
relative configuration
ionic bond
enantiomer
configuration
44. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
acetaldehyde
meso compound
angle strain
weak bases
45. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
pi bond
Haloalkane
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
enantiomer
46. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
mcpba
not ignored
gauche conformation
specific rotation
47. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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48. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
sp3
alcohol
nucleophile
electrophilic addition of X2
49. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
relative configuration
vicinal
nonbonded strain
oxidation
50. F - CL - Br - I
halogen
molecular orbital
relative configuration
acetaldehyde
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