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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
ketone
meso compound
methylene
disproportionation
2. Name for mathanal
basicity
formaldehyde
allyl
chiral center
3. Kmno4
aldehyde
potassium permanganate
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
markovnikov's rule
4. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
Alkane
gauche conformation
hydroboration
oxidation
5. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
electrophilic addition of H2O
weak bases
alcohol
Alkene
6. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
electrophilic addition of HX
relative configuration
sp3
specific rotation
7. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
pi bond
chiral
specific rotation
weak bases
8. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
absolute configuration
quantum numbers
racemic mixture
basicity
9. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
ethers
Ignored
enantiomer
electrophile
10. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
peroxycarboxylic acid
stereoisomers
electrophilic addition of H2O
enantiomer
11. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
geometric isomers
basicity
y- root - en -x-yne
ring flip
12. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
geminal
sigma bond
oxidizing
Alkane nomenclature
13. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
enantiomer
lindlar's catalyst
electrophilic addition
primary carbon
14. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
ozonolysis
torsional strain
anti conformation
electrophilic addition
15. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
fischer projection
anti conformation
diastereomers
ionic bond
16. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
ozonolysis
diastereomers
Alkyne
anti conformation
17. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
amines
eclipsed conformation
hydroboration
not ignored
18. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
carboxylic acid
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
electrophile
enantiomer
19. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
Alkyne
covalent bond
acetaldehyde
formaldehyde
20. Refers to the =CH2 group
structural isomers
methylene
ketone
chiral center
21. Same molecular formula but different structure
isomer
allyl
nucleophile
Alkyne
22. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
ketone
carboxylic acid
hydroboration
propionaldehyde
23. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
sp
stereoisomers
hydroboration
lindlar's catalyst
24. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
disproportionation
halogenation
alkyne
racemic mixture
25. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
chiral
Acetylene
sp
achiral
26. One s and three p orbitals
Acetylene
halogenation
sp3
angle strain
27. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
angle strain
ozonolysis
halogen
specific rotation
28. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
basicity
covalent bond
formaldehyde
pyrolysis
29. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
chiral
geminal
basicity
acetaldehyde
30. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
molecular orbital
protic solvent
configuration
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
31. A sigma bond and two pi bonds
relative configuration
covalent bond
fischer projection
triple bond
32. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
pi bond
carboxylic acid
oxidizing
reducing
33. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
reducing
Alkane
initiation propagation termination
34. Common name for ethyne
diol
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
Acetylene
electrophile
35. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
specific rotation
ozonolysis
amines
36. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
disproportionation
sigma bond
oxidizing
2^n
37. One s and two p 120 degree apart
sp2
2^n
protic solvent
enantiomer
38. Compounds with halogen
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
Vinyl
Haloalkane
not ignored
39. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
40. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
meso compound
cold potassium permanganate
achiral
stereoisomers
41. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
optical activity
electrophilic addition of free radicals
vicinal
diol
42. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
Vinyl
conformational isomer
geometric isomers
racemic mixture
43. What are the best leaving groups?
weak bases
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
electrophile
sigma bond
44. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
conformational isomer
catalytic hydrogenation
Alkene
ketone
45. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
configuration
nucleophile
mcpba
ethers
46. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
alcohol
markovnikov's rule
sigma bond
propionaldehyde
47. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
enantiomer
Alkane
specific rotation
torsional strain
48. Charged - need electrons
electrophile
basicity
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
2^n
49. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
formaldehyde
aprotic solvent
geminal
sigma bond
50. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
carbonyl
markovnikov's rule
Acetylene
lindlar's catalyst