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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'






2. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.






3. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.






4. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation






5. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.






6. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond






7. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections






8. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon






9. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton






10. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn






11. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable






12. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal






13. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-






14. Two hydroxyl groups






15. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.






16. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.






17. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties






18. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.






19. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR






20. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon






21. When bond angles deviate from ideal values






22. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals






23. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid






24. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image






25. Compounds with halogen






26. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another






27. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image






28. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process






29. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans






30. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer






31. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition






32. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry






33. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z






34. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.






35. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.






36. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen






37. Monosubstituted ethylene






38. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain






39. Steps of free radical substitution






40. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane






41. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene






42. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.






43. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.






44. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same






45. O3






46. Name for propanal






47. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation

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48. One s and three p orbitals






49. Name for ethanal






50. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.