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MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
:
mcat
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science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
potassium permanganate
alcohol
sp
quantum numbers
2. A sigma bond and two pi bonds
amines
isomer
triple bond
formaldehyde
3. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
chiral center
ketone
vicinal
disproportionation
4. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
disproportionation
hybridization
meso compound
Alkane
5. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
carboxylic acid
Alkyne
disproportionation
enantiomer
6. Name for mathanal
allyl
formaldehyde
diastereomers
mcpba
7. Common name for ethyne
electrophilic addition
absolute configuration
Acetylene
diol
8. When boat flips
enantiomer
carboxylic acid
diol
ring flip
9. Name for ethanal
quantum numbers
sp3
acetaldehyde
ethers
10. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
Alkyne
eclipsed conformation
catalytic hydrogenation
alcohol
11. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
stereoisomers
aldehyde
carboxylic acid
Combustion
12. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
lindlar's catalyst
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
sp2
Alkane
13. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
Acetylene
Alkene
geometric isomers
2^n
14. Compounds with halogen
configuration
Haloalkane
ring strain
conformational isomer
15. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
relative configuration
nucleophile
hydroboration
ring strain
16. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
y- root - en -x-yne
gauche conformation
Alkane
17. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
halogenation
geometric isomers
Alkene
oxidation
18. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
enantiomer
racemic mixture
optical activity
basicity
19. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
halogenation
diol
peroxycarboxylic acid
ethers
20. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
angle strain
ionic bond
electrophilic addition
Combustion
21. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
mcpba
not ignored
aprotic solvent
sp
22. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
configuration
aprotic solvent
chiral
isomer
23. Same molecular formula but different structure
torsional strain
isomer
electrophilic addition of H2O
diastereomers
24. N - l - ml - ms
stereoisomers
torsional strain
isomer
quantum numbers
25. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
ionic bond
geometric isomers
Alkyne
chiral
26. One s and two p 120 degree apart
Acetylene
alcohol
sp2
electrophilic addition of H2O
27. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
saturated hydrocarbon
isomer
configuration
Vinyl
28. Two hydroxyl groups
diol
disproportionation
aprotic solvent
mcpba
29. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
formaldehyde
allyl
pyrolysis
y- root - en -x-yne
30. Charged - need electrons
saturated hydrocarbon
electrophile
alkyne
formaldehyde
31. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
ketone
Vinyl
initiation propagation termination
isomer
32. What are the best leaving groups?
electrophilic addition
weak bases
stereoisomers
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
33. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
oxidizing
peroxycarboxylic acid
y- root - en -x-yne
ring strain
34. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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35. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
electrophilic addition
angle strain
chiral center
torsional strain
36. Name for propanal
ionic bond
propionaldehyde
ring flip
ring strain
37. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
protic solvent
Alkane nomenclature
hybridization
diol
38. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
basicity
specific rotation
cold potassium permanganate
markovnikov's rule
39. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
diastereomers
sigma bond
catalytic hydrogenation
allyl
40. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
structural isomers
methylene
nucleophile
catalytic hydrogenation
41. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
ozonolysis
aprotic solvent
quantum numbers
electrophilic addition
42. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
molecular orbital
sp
2^n
polymerization
43. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
amines
stereoisomers
sigma bond
oxidizing
44. Iso - neo - cyclo
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
sp3
weak bases
not ignored
45. Steps of free radical substitution
initiation propagation termination
ionic bond
polymerization
basicity
46. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
achiral
electrophilic addition of free radicals
methylene
electrophilic addition of H2O
47. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
vicinal
Vinyl
configuration
carboxylic acid
48. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
molecular orbital
angle strain
electrophilic addition of HX
potassium permanganate
49. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
oxidizing
anti conformation
nucleophile
geminal
50. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
conformational isomer
angle strain
lindlar's catalyst
2^n
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