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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Compounds with halogen






2. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon






3. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms






4. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene






5. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon






6. Most favorable of staggared conformations






7. Name for ethanal






8. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom






9. Di - tri - t - sec - n -






10. Refers to the =CH2 group






11. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same






12. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR






13. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc






14. N - l - ml - ms






15. Not solvated






16. F - CL - Br - I






17. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.






18. Name for mathanal






19. Creation of long - high molecular weight polymer composed of repeating subunit called monomers. occur through a radical mechanism.






20. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans






21. Reaction of alkane with oxygen to form carbon dioxide - water and heat.






22. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O






23. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid






24. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One






25. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.






26. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation

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27. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space






28. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation






29. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.






30. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane






31. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond






32. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image






33. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule






34. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain






35. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions






36. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol






37. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.






38. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections






39. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart






40. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.






41. O3






42. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable






43. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest






44. One s and two p 120 degree apart






45. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.






46. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.






47. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer






48. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4






49. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced






50. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton