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MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
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mcat
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science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
formaldehyde
meso compound
markovnikov's rule
2. A sigma bond and two pi bonds
oxidizing
triple bond
chiral
nucleophile
3. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
propionaldehyde
covalent bond
structural isomers
stereoisomers
4. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
eclipsed conformation
halogen
saturated hydrocarbon
Alkane
5. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
formaldehyde
Alkene
geometric isomers
ring flip
6. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
disproportionation
markovnikov's rule
electrophilic addition
diastereomers
7. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
chiral center
molecular orbital
torsional strain
basicity
8. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond
basicity
allyl
vicinal
alkyne
9. Kmno4
angle strain
alkyne
Acetylene
potassium permanganate
10. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
geminal
catalytic hydrogenation
basicity
allyl
11. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
catalytic hydrogenation
cold potassium permanganate
polymerization
not ignored
12. Monosubstituted ethylene
lindlar's catalyst
torsional strain
Vinyl
angle strain
13. When boat flips
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
sigma bond
ring flip
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
14. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
covalent bond
protic solvent
oxidation
15. Name for propanal
saturated hydrocarbon
electrophilic addition of X2
propionaldehyde
oxidizing
16. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
disproportionation
Vinyl
eclipsed conformation
stereoisomers
17. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
chiral
oxidizing
ketone
sp2
18. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
ozonolysis
primary carbon
covalent bond
torsional strain
19. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
potassium permanganate
enantiomer
specific rotation
20. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
ring strain
anti conformation
electrophilic addition of HX
halogenation
21. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
electrophilic addition of H2O
ionic bond
Alkene
chiral
22. Di - tri - t - sec - n -
primary carbon
molecular orbital
Alkane nomenclature
Ignored
23. F - CL - Br - I
halogen
electrophilic addition of HX
isomer
Alkene
24. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
enantiomer
triple bond
weak bases
configuration
25. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
diastereomers
conformational isomer
saturated hydrocarbon
sp
26. Charged - need electrons
geminal
absolute configuration
ozonolysis
electrophile
27. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
amines
absolute configuration
diol
electrophilic addition of free radicals
28. Two hydroxyl groups
electrophilic addition of H2O
sp
diol
ring flip
29. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
formaldehyde
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
reducing
aprotic solvent
30. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
sp
Alkane nomenclature
markovnikov's rule
Acetylene
31. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
anti conformation
mcpba
weak bases
chiral
32. Name for ethanal
sp
achiral
acetaldehyde
initiation propagation termination
33. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
pi bond
covalent bond
oxidizing
formaldehyde
34. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
sp3
enantiomer
racemic mixture
electrophilic addition of HX
35. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
basicity
angle strain
electrophilic addition of X2
primary carbon
36. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
ring strain
Combustion
Alkene
y- root - en -x-yne
37. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
aldehyde
saturated hydrocarbon
38. Compounds with halogen
geminal
aprotic solvent
Haloalkane
diastereomers
39. One s and two p 120 degree apart
hydroboration
sp2
optical activity
Acetylene
40. Iso - neo - cyclo
structural isomers
isomer
acetaldehyde
not ignored
41. Lowest priority group projects into the page
sp3
aldehyde
fischer projection
electrophile
42. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
Alkane
torsional strain
carbonyl
43. O3
ethers
achiral
ozonolysis
anti conformation
44. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
saturated hydrocarbon
geminal
chiral center
Alkene
45. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
halogenation
methylene
electrophilic addition of X2
ionic bond
46. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
allyl
quantum numbers
47. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
configuration
nucleophile
Ignored
aldehyde
48. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
saturated hydrocarbon
not ignored
torsional strain
2^n
49. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
triple bond
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
electrophilic addition of H2O
Alkyne
50. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
achiral
Alkane
chiral
vicinal
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