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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
protic solvent
allyl
weak bases
alkyne
2. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
meso compound
sp
polymerization
electrophilic addition of HX
3. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
sigma bond
peroxycarboxylic acid
electrophilic addition of HX
primary carbon
4. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
halogenation
ionic bond
ring flip
Alkane
5. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
propionaldehyde
ethers
chiral center
oxidizing
6. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
lindlar's catalyst
Haloalkane
cold potassium permanganate
y- root - en -x-yne
7. Name for ethanal
acetaldehyde
methylene
Ignored
geminal
8. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
pyrolysis
nonbonded strain
chiral
9. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
electrophilic addition
racemic mixture
achiral
torsional strain
10. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
conformational isomer
y- root - en -x-yne
halogenation
sp3
11. A sigma bond and two pi bonds
vicinal
conformational isomer
triple bond
electrophilic addition of free radicals
12. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
optical activity
anti conformation
acetaldehyde
alkyne
13. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
protic solvent
conformational isomer
stereoisomers
reducing
14. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
potassium permanganate
fischer projection
alcohol
torsional strain
15. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
sigma bond
Combustion
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
16. N - l - ml - ms
quantum numbers
electrophilic addition
Combustion
triple bond
17. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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18. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
Haloalkane
ketone
triple bond
19. Refers to the =CH2 group
peroxycarboxylic acid
methylene
y- root - en -x-yne
enantiomer
20. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
Alkane nomenclature
meso compound
initiation propagation termination
vicinal
21. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
eclipsed conformation
vicinal
relative configuration
nonbonded strain
22. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
geometric isomers
covalent bond
mcpba
Combustion
23. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
pi bond
relative configuration
geometric isomers
formaldehyde
24. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
electrophilic addition
gauche conformation
catalytic hydrogenation
Ignored
25. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
covalent bond
formaldehyde
protic solvent
cold potassium permanganate
26. One s and two p 120 degree apart
electrophilic addition of X2
sp2
reducing
mcpba
27. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
catalytic hydrogenation
ring strain
relative configuration
triple bond
28. One s and three p orbitals
lindlar's catalyst
ketone
covalent bond
sp3
29. Monosubstituted ethylene
lindlar's catalyst
Vinyl
conformational isomer
electrophilic addition of free radicals
30. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
propionaldehyde
basicity
electrophilic addition of H2O
specific rotation
31. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
torsional strain
molecular orbital
formaldehyde
geminal
32. F - CL - Br - I
achiral
halogen
chiral center
sp
33. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
electrophile
markovnikov's rule
Combustion
absolute configuration
34. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
2^n
saturated hydrocarbon
alcohol
anti conformation
35. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
relative configuration
electrophilic addition of free radicals
y- root - en -x-yne
lindlar's catalyst
36. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
stereoisomers
reducing
ozonolysis
37. Creation of long - high molecular weight polymer composed of repeating subunit called monomers. occur through a radical mechanism.
polymerization
angle strain
molecular orbital
hydroboration
38. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
polymerization
Vinyl
hydroboration
Haloalkane
39. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
polymerization
not ignored
ozonolysis
molecular orbital
40. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
gauche conformation
Vinyl
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
nucleophile
41. When boat flips
sigma bond
diol
ring flip
enantiomer
42. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
angle strain
sp3
electrophilic addition of H2O
isomer
43. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
carboxylic acid
sp2
electrophilic addition of H2O
aldehyde
44. Kmno4
formaldehyde
pi bond
sp3
potassium permanganate
45. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
enantiomer
racemic mixture
halogenation
specific rotation
46. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
configuration
acetaldehyde
pyrolysis
anti conformation
47. Charged - need electrons
electrophile
Haloalkane
halogen
electrophilic addition of X2
48. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
Vinyl
initiation propagation termination
sigma bond
structural isomers
49. Sharing of electron between atoms
carbonyl
covalent bond
torsional strain
hybridization
50. Name for propanal
propionaldehyde
disproportionation
gauche conformation
meso compound