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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space






2. Name for mathanal






3. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart






4. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution






5. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another






6. A = observed rotation / concentration * length






7. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.

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8. Name for propanal






9. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom






10. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O






11. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.






12. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane






13. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest






14. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4






15. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis






16. When boat flips






17. Two hydroxyl groups






18. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'






19. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable






20. Reaction of alkane with oxygen to form carbon dioxide - water and heat.






21. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.






22. One s and two p 120 degree apart






23. Name for ethanal






24. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon






25. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties






26. Compounds with halogen






27. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR






28. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc






29. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol






30. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.






31. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane






32. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans






33. N - l - ml - ms






34. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition






35. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain






36. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.






37. Most favorable of staggared conformations






38. Iso - neo - cyclo






39. One s and three p orbitals






40. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.






41. Kmno4






42. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections






43. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation

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44. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton






45. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.






46. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain






47. O3






48. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.






49. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.






50. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation







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