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MCAT Organic Chemistry
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Subjects
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mcat
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science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
diastereomers
sp
ethers
mcpba
2. What are the best leaving groups?
reducing
vicinal
geminal
weak bases
3. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
gauche conformation
hybridization
halogen
molecular orbital
4. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
hybridization
amines
halogenation
primary carbon
5. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
configuration
halogen
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
sp
6. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
aprotic solvent
angle strain
polymerization
halogenation
7. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
catalytic hydrogenation
weak bases
isomer
nucleophile
8. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
meso compound
chiral center
enantiomer
electrophilic addition of H2O
9. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
optical activity
molecular orbital
catalytic hydrogenation
peroxycarboxylic acid
10. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-
amines
achiral
electrophilic addition
electrophile
11. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
basicity
Ignored
Haloalkane
cold potassium permanganate
12. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
achiral
enantiomer
triple bond
anti conformation
13. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
catalytic hydrogenation
ring strain
saturated hydrocarbon
weak bases
14. Di - tri - t - sec - n -
nucleophile
pi bond
Ignored
structural isomers
15. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
y- root - en -x-yne
ethers
sigma bond
ionic bond
16. Kmno4
conformational isomer
2^n
potassium permanganate
chiral center
17. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
vicinal
torsional strain
aprotic solvent
geminal
18. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
pyrolysis
carbonyl
chiral center
vicinal
19. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
formaldehyde
conformational isomer
anti conformation
disproportionation
20. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
Alkane
pi bond
racemic mixture
anti conformation
21. N - l - ml - ms
quantum numbers
relative configuration
sp3
initiation propagation termination
22. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
polymerization
aprotic solvent
Vinyl
oxidizing
23. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
meso compound
vicinal
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
triple bond
24. Transfer of electrions from one atome to another
sigma bond
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
electrophilic addition of HX
ionic bond
25. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
electrophilic addition of HX
nonbonded strain
amines
26. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
Alkane nomenclature
hybridization
stereoisomers
isomer
27. When boat flips
oxidizing
disproportionation
acetaldehyde
ring flip
28. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
absolute configuration
enantiomer
achiral
covalent bond
29. O3
ozonolysis
chiral center
ethers
covalent bond
30. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
angle strain
Vinyl
achiral
Alkyne
31. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
gauche conformation
sp3
Alkene
conformational isomer
32. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
aldehyde
geometric isomers
sp
ring strain
33. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
ring flip
amines
Alkyne
chiral
34. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
ring strain
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
sp2
stereoisomers
35. Not solvated
configuration
aprotic solvent
racemic mixture
halogenation
36. Sharing of electron between atoms
chiral
covalent bond
configuration
chiral center
37. F - CL - Br - I
ionic bond
halogen
molecular orbital
electrophile
38. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
mcpba
optical activity
torsional strain
catalytic hydrogenation
39. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
chiral center
absolute configuration
ozonolysis
configuration
40. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
oxidation
halogenation
allyl
geometric isomers
41. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
absolute configuration
hybridization
lindlar's catalyst
enantiomer
42. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
diastereomers
structural isomers
electrophilic addition of X2
ketone
43. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
aldehyde
Alkane nomenclature
Alkene
basicity
44. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
ionic bond
basicity
chiral
relative configuration
45. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
geminal
sp
vicinal
diastereomers
46. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
pi bond
diastereomers
anti conformation
specific rotation
47. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
alcohol
basicity
racemic mixture
meso compound
48. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
allyl
catalytic hydrogenation
sp
disproportionation
49. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
electrophilic addition of HX
mcpba
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
enantiomer
50. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond
alkyne
not ignored
hydroboration
Alkane nomenclature
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