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MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
formaldehyde
saturated hydrocarbon
halogen
pi bond
2. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
ionic bond
protic solvent
conformational isomer
quantum numbers
3. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
carboxylic acid
peroxycarboxylic acid
aprotic solvent
oxidation
4. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
ethers
aldehyde
anti conformation
ring strain
5. Iso - neo - cyclo
electrophilic addition
not ignored
mcpba
pi bond
6. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
y- root - en -x-yne
ozonolysis
molecular orbital
nonbonded strain
7. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
Combustion
geminal
allyl
angle strain
8. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
halogenation
electrophilic addition of H2O
electrophilic addition of free radicals
stereoisomers
9. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
aldehyde
pi bond
peroxycarboxylic acid
pyrolysis
10. Kmno4
potassium permanganate
anti conformation
sp2
amines
11. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
configuration
saturated hydrocarbon
oxidation
enantiomer
12. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
specific rotation
ionic bond
halogenation
polymerization
13. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
protic solvent
achiral
Alkane nomenclature
primary carbon
14. Nucleus lover. electron rich species that are attracked to charged atoms
nucleophile
ethers
ring flip
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
15. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
carbonyl
Ignored
geometric isomers
sigma bond
16. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
vicinal
carboxylic acid
aprotic solvent
diastereomers
17. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
formaldehyde
angle strain
ionic bond
18. Steps of free radical substitution
catalytic hydrogenation
initiation propagation termination
electrophile
specific rotation
19. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
propionaldehyde
Alkane nomenclature
ring strain
methylene
20. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
sigma bond
y- root - en -x-yne
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
disproportionation
21. Name for propanal
nonbonded strain
gauche conformation
ketone
propionaldehyde
22. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
halogenation
relative configuration
sp3
catalytic hydrogenation
23. Name for ethanal
oxidizing
acetaldehyde
amines
ring strain
24. Common name for ethyne
relative configuration
hydroboration
Acetylene
methylene
25. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
catalytic hydrogenation
Acetylene
markovnikov's rule
ozonolysis
26. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
hybridization
stereoisomers
vicinal
halogen
27. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
electrophilic addition of H2O
allyl
quantum numbers
isomer
28. Charged - need electrons
sp3
primary carbon
electrophile
lindlar's catalyst
29. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
ring strain
sp
molecular orbital
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
30. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
chiral
geometric isomers
y- root - en -x-yne
primary carbon
31. Name for mathanal
fischer projection
ring flip
diol
formaldehyde
32. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
allyl
enantiomer
gauche conformation
angle strain
33. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
relative configuration
enantiomer
basicity
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
34. Most favorable of staggared conformations
carbonyl
anti conformation
electrophilic addition of H2O
ring flip
35. Sharing of electron between atoms
reducing
covalent bond
methylene
aprotic solvent
36. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
geminal
peroxycarboxylic acid
specific rotation
y- root - en -x-yne
37. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
initiation propagation termination
allyl
specific rotation
peroxycarboxylic acid
38. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
gauche conformation
ring strain
carboxylic acid
sigma bond
39. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
sigma bond
ketone
amines
2^n
40. One s and two p 120 degree apart
sp2
polymerization
peroxycarboxylic acid
not ignored
41. Refers to the =CH2 group
sigma bond
sp2
gauche conformation
methylene
42. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
electrophilic addition of HX
not ignored
halogenation
basicity
43. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
electrophilic addition
racemic mixture
ethers
electrophilic addition of H2O
44. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
eclipsed conformation
allyl
ozonolysis
Alkyne
45. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
sp2
electrophilic addition of X2
absolute configuration
enantiomer
46. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
hybridization
formaldehyde
sp2
conformational isomer
47. One s and three p orbitals
sp3
sp
electrophilic addition of H2O
achiral
48. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
allyl
amines
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
Haloalkane
49. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
optical activity
saturated hydrocarbon
pyrolysis
Acetylene
50. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
specific rotation
achiral
weak bases
carbonyl