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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
eclipsed conformation
Alkane
Acetylene
sp
2. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
gauche conformation
Ignored
acetaldehyde
enantiomer
3. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
2^n
enantiomer
eclipsed conformation
4. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
specific rotation
catalytic hydrogenation
amines
electrophilic addition of HX
5. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
y- root - en -x-yne
chiral center
enantiomer
electrophile
6. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
geometric isomers
ring strain
saturated hydrocarbon
carbonyl
7. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
achiral
potassium permanganate
sigma bond
ring strain
8. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
relative configuration
chiral
configuration
Alkene
9. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
basicity
polymerization
covalent bond
ethers
10. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
aldehyde
protic solvent
reducing
geometric isomers
11. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
Alkene
cold potassium permanganate
peroxycarboxylic acid
12. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
ketone
Alkane nomenclature
alkyne
stereoisomers
13. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
angle strain
diastereomers
molecular orbital
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
14. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
nonbonded strain
mcpba
not ignored
eclipsed conformation
15. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
allyl
propionaldehyde
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
16. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
configuration
amines
absolute configuration
Ignored
17. Same molecular formula but different structure
isomer
propionaldehyde
racemic mixture
saturated hydrocarbon
18. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen
ozonolysis
halogenation
alcohol
carbonyl
19. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
meso compound
ozonolysis
molecular orbital
geminal
20. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
sp
primary carbon
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
weak bases
21. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
propionaldehyde
ozonolysis
optical activity
configuration
22. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
fischer projection
absolute configuration
amines
sp3
23. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
methylene
angle strain
reducing
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
24. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
electrophilic addition of H2O
diastereomers
ketone
chiral
25. Steps of free radical substitution
initiation propagation termination
mcpba
ring flip
diastereomers
26. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
pi bond
ketone
optical activity
electrophilic addition of HX
27. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
structural isomers
electrophilic addition of free radicals
formaldehyde
angle strain
28. Name for mathanal
formaldehyde
fischer projection
Alkene
basicity
29. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
Alkane
relative configuration
electrophilic addition
electrophilic addition of H2O
30. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
nucleophile
racemic mixture
electrophilic addition of X2
ketone
31. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
propionaldehyde
sp
electrophilic addition of X2
formaldehyde
32. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
racemic mixture
fischer projection
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
nonbonded strain
33. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
Alkene
stereoisomers
Alkane nomenclature
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
34. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.
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35. Lowest priority group projects into the page
covalent bond
fischer projection
geminal
halogenation
36. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
weak bases
amines
sigma bond
saturated hydrocarbon
37. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
weak bases
isomer
Alkene
protic solvent
38. N - l - ml - ms
Alkene
Alkane nomenclature
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
quantum numbers
39. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
markovnikov's rule
achiral
oxidation
ring flip
40. One s and two p 120 degree apart
sp
fischer projection
ozonolysis
sp2
41. Methyl are 60 degrees apart. kinda stable
gauche conformation
catalytic hydrogenation
acetaldehyde
lindlar's catalyst
42. When boat flips
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
ring flip
molecular orbital
peroxycarboxylic acid
43. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
configuration
sigma bond
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
relative configuration
44. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
chiral center
torsional strain
electrophilic addition of free radicals
propionaldehyde
45. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
halogenation
electrophilic addition of HX
stereoisomers
hybridization
46. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
fischer projection
hybridization
chiral
aldehyde
47. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
molecular orbital
oxidizing
electrophilic addition of H2O
electrophile
48. Iso - neo - cyclo
angle strain
hydroboration
not ignored
catalytic hydrogenation
49. Creation of long - high molecular weight polymer composed of repeating subunit called monomers. occur through a radical mechanism.
polymerization
eclipsed conformation
sp
pyrolysis
50. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
Combustion
formaldehyde
quantum numbers
reducing