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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans






2. Charged - need electrons






3. Name for propanal






4. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image






5. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc






6. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule






7. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.






8. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn






9. When boat flips






10. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O






11. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.






12. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4






13. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections






14. A = observed rotation / concentration * length






15. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane






16. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.






17. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity






18. Most favorable of staggared conformations






19. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry






20. Compounds with halogen






21. Two hydroxyl groups






22. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain






23. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton






24. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process






25. Iso - neo - cyclo






26. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions






27. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon






28. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties






29. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom






30. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4






31. Common name for ethyne






32. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution






33. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z






34. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.






35. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.






36. Sharing of electron between atoms






37. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest






38. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon






39. F - CL - Br - I






40. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition






41. Refers to the =CH2 group






42. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.






43. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation

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44. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.






45. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry






46. Not solvated






47. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR






48. One s and two p 120 degree apart






49. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'






50. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes