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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
fischer projection
propionaldehyde
stereoisomers
electrophilic addition of X2
2. Charged - need electrons
electrophile
lindlar's catalyst
aldehyde
relative configuration
3. Name for propanal
sigma bond
fischer projection
propionaldehyde
methylene
4. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
reducing
achiral
saturated hydrocarbon
Acetylene
5. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
relative configuration
covalent bond
hydroboration
saturated hydrocarbon
6. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
electrophilic addition of HX
peroxycarboxylic acid
vicinal
reducing
7. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
sigma bond
markovnikov's rule
pi bond
potassium permanganate
8. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
carboxylic acid
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
ozonolysis
sp
9. When boat flips
ring flip
catalytic hydrogenation
allyl
basicity
10. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
alkyne
oxidizing
basicity
amines
11. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.
ozonolysis
Alkene
protic solvent
Alkyne
12. What is produced when o3 with lialh4 or nabh4
2^n
Ignored
absolute configuration
alcohol
13. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
weak bases
conformational isomer
diastereomers
ring flip
14. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
chiral
sigma bond
specific rotation
aldehyde
15. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
propionaldehyde
basicity
Alkane nomenclature
electrophilic addition of X2
16. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
chiral
lindlar's catalyst
pi bond
nonbonded strain
17. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
diol
racemic mixture
electrophilic addition of HX
Acetylene
18. Most favorable of staggared conformations
anti conformation
racemic mixture
halogen
saturated hydrocarbon
19. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
Haloalkane
chiral center
anti conformation
nonbonded strain
20. Compounds with halogen
enantiomer
configuration
Haloalkane
reducing
21. Two hydroxyl groups
covalent bond
diol
chiral center
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
22. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain
stereoisomers
Alkane nomenclature
y- root - en -x-yne
configuration
23. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
optical activity
meso compound
cold potassium permanganate
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
24. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
oxidation
specific rotation
molecular orbital
25. Iso - neo - cyclo
halogenation
not ignored
saturated hydrocarbon
methylene
26. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
acetaldehyde
torsional strain
pyrolysis
carbonyl
27. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
sigma bond
geminal
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
ionic bond
28. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
not ignored
structural isomers
achiral
formaldehyde
29. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
Alkyne
primary carbon
2^n
geminal
30. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
vicinal
gauche conformation
propionaldehyde
ozonolysis
31. Common name for ethyne
Vinyl
Acetylene
sp3
polymerization
32. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
geminal
halogenation
diol
electrophile
33. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
2^n
geometric isomers
catalytic hydrogenation
Acetylene
34. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.
formaldehyde
weak bases
relative configuration
eclipsed conformation
35. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
electrophile
absolute configuration
achiral
Vinyl
36. Sharing of electron between atoms
carbonyl
configuration
covalent bond
racemic mixture
37. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
geminal
carboxylic acid
allyl
primary carbon
38. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
eclipsed conformation
electrophilic addition of free radicals
sp
not ignored
39. F - CL - Br - I
structural isomers
halogen
disproportionation
nonbonded strain
40. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
catalytic hydrogenation
Haloalkane
achiral
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
41. Refers to the =CH2 group
methylene
chiral
configuration
ring flip
42. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
carboxylic acid
cold potassium permanganate
ring strain
43. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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44. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
diastereomers
electrophilic addition of HX
cold potassium permanganate
pyrolysis
45. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
chiral
torsional strain
racemic mixture
meso compound
46. Not solvated
aprotic solvent
geminal
Alkene
ring flip
47. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
Combustion
Alkane nomenclature
ozonolysis
ethers
48. One s and two p 120 degree apart
sp2
electrophilic addition
hydroboration
polymerization
49. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
amines
Alkene
Acetylene
sp3
50. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
structural isomers
electrophile
pyrolysis
ozonolysis