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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
ketone
electrophilic addition of X2
enantiomer
sigma bond
2. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
Vinyl
aldehyde
relative configuration
disproportionation
3. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
Alkane nomenclature
electrophilic addition of free radicals
sp
Acetylene
4. O3
propionaldehyde
y- root - en -x-yne
markovnikov's rule
ozonolysis
5. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid
ketone
covalent bond
chiral
mcpba
6. Charged - need electrons
electrophile
electrophilic addition of free radicals
catalytic hydrogenation
ring strain
7. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
polymerization
torsional strain
y- root - en -x-yne
geometric isomers
8. Steps of free radical substitution
catalytic hydrogenation
cold potassium permanganate
initiation propagation termination
ionic bond
9. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals
aprotic solvent
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
molecular orbital
hybridization
10. Same molecular formula but different structure
pyrolysis
aprotic solvent
isomer
enantiomer
11. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond
protic solvent
lindlar's catalyst
alkyne
diol
12. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
sp
ring flip
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
saturated hydrocarbon
13. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
relative configuration
reducing
pi bond
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
14. Di - tri - t - sec - n -
Alkyne
Ignored
sigma bond
alkyne
15. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
markovnikov's rule
aldehyde
protic solvent
halogen
16. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
lindlar's catalyst
chiral center
enantiomer
achiral
17. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
Vinyl
triple bond
enantiomer
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
18. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton
pyrolysis
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
catalytic hydrogenation
formaldehyde
19. Not solvated
saturated hydrocarbon
ionic bond
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
aprotic solvent
20. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
weak bases
y- root - en -x-yne
geminal
specific rotation
21. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
Acetylene
aprotic solvent
vicinal
markovnikov's rule
22. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
racemic mixture
propionaldehyde
Alkene
saturated hydrocarbon
23. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
ring strain
cold potassium permanganate
absolute configuration
not ignored
24. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene
stereoisomers
conformational isomer
acetaldehyde
disproportionation
25. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections
conformational isomer
electrophilic addition of HX
initiation propagation termination
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
26. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
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27. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
y- root - en -x-yne
racemic mixture
geminal
hydroboration
28. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.
molecular orbital
Alkane nomenclature
reducing
covalent bond
29. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution
Alkane nomenclature
triple bond
sp2
halogenation
30. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
mcpba
Haloalkane
torsional strain
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
31. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
oxidation
eclipsed conformation
meso compound
triple bond
32. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
structural isomers
formaldehyde
electrophilic addition
meso compound
33. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
enantiomer
carboxylic acid
relative configuration
electrophilic addition of H2O
34. Name for mathanal
geometric isomers
specific rotation
formaldehyde
peroxycarboxylic acid
35. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom
ozonolysis
vicinal
electrophilic addition
primary carbon
36. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
carboxylic acid
geometric isomers
electrophilic addition
sp3
37. Refers to the =CH2 group
methylene
nucleophile
torsional strain
isomer
38. One s and two p 120 degree apart
pyrolysis
optical activity
sp2
nucleophile
39. What are the best leaving groups?
nonbonded strain
Alkyne
weak bases
structural isomers
40. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
configuration
electrophilic addition of H2O
Vinyl
aprotic solvent
41. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
configuration
Alkene
not ignored
Vinyl
42. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
sp3
eclipsed conformation
2^n
quantum numbers
43. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
Alkane
covalent bond
chiral center
polymerization
44. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition
Alkyne
nucleophile
fischer projection
catalytic hydrogenation
45. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
allyl
ionic bond
electrophilic addition of HX
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
46. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
vicinal
absolute configuration
y- root - en -x-yne
pi bond
47. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
y- root - en -x-yne
reducing
Alkane nomenclature
ketone
48. Reaction of alkane with oxygen to form carbon dioxide - water and heat.
acetaldehyde
diastereomers
markovnikov's rule
Combustion
49. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
Haloalkane
sp
basicity
geminal
50. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
stereoisomers
ketone
oxidizing
aldehyde