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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
ozonolysis
torsional strain
aprotic solvent
pyrolysis
2. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable
Acetylene
protic solvent
enantiomer
gauche conformation
3. Same molecular formula but different structure
ethers
sp
isomer
2^n
4. Steps of free radical substitution
achiral
initiation propagation termination
enantiomer
catalytic hydrogenation
5. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest
potassium permanganate
structural isomers
halogenation
allyl
6. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.
specific rotation
markovnikov's rule
sigma bond
Alkene
7. Most favorable of staggared conformations
halogenation
diastereomers
triple bond
anti conformation
8. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
racemic mixture
Ignored
configuration
quantum numbers
9. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.
ozonolysis
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
fischer projection
Alkane
10. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
aprotic solvent
meso compound
diastereomers
achiral
11. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
sp2
basicity
propionaldehyde
12. One s and two p 120 degree apart
torsional strain
structural isomers
achiral
sp2
13. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
nonbonded strain
electrophilic addition of free radicals
hydroboration
methylene
14. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon
Alkyne
carboxylic acid
geminal
eclipsed conformation
15. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
initiation propagation termination
sp
hybridization
mcpba
16. One s and three p orbitals
Acetylene
sp3
nonbonded strain
diastereomers
17. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
ketone
fischer projection
disproportionation
absolute configuration
18. Di - tri - t - sec - n -
covalent bond
Ignored
nonbonded strain
Alkyne
19. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane
Alkene
peroxycarboxylic acid
electrophilic addition
methylene
20. Name for propanal
propionaldehyde
protic solvent
Alkyne
Vinyl
21. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
allyl
nonbonded strain
chiral
22. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
basicity
Haloalkane
electrophilic addition of X2
ketone
23. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
aldehyde
peroxycarboxylic acid
diol
ketone
24. Common name for ethyne
angle strain
chiral
Acetylene
ring flip
25. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain
sp3
acetaldehyde
ring strain
nonbonded strain
26. Sharing of electron between atoms
covalent bond
not ignored
geometric isomers
basicity
27. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
ring strain
halogen
racemic mixture
oxidation
28. Name for mathanal
ozonolysis
formaldehyde
enantiomer
nucleophile
29. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
reducing
racemic mixture
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
amines
30. N - l - ml - ms
achiral
quantum numbers
aldehyde
specific rotation
31. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
ionic bond
aldehyde
Haloalkane
32. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions
torsional strain
electrophile
covalent bond
electrophilic addition
33. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
electrophilic addition of H2O
protic solvent
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
ionic bond
34. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc
Vinyl
ozonolysis
relative configuration
protic solvent
35. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry
primary carbon
meso compound
allyl
nucleophile
36. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4
chiral center
ozonolysis
electrophilic addition of X2
relative configuration
37. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
electrophilic addition of free radicals
2^n
allyl
structural isomers
38. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
achiral
vicinal
not ignored
torsional strain
39. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.
amines
Alkane nomenclature
optical activity
molecular orbital
40. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.
potassium permanganate
electrophilic addition
triple bond
halogenation
41. Iso - neo - cyclo
potassium permanganate
protic solvent
not ignored
weak bases
42. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
alcohol
protic solvent
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
angle strain
43. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'
Acetylene
structural isomers
Combustion
Alkene
44. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
saturated hydrocarbon
configuration
Alkene
2^n
45. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
specific rotation
Acetylene
sp
optical activity
46. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
alkyne
nonbonded strain
vicinal
weak bases
47. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
electrophilic addition
enantiomer
structural isomers
racemic mixture
48. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
pyrolysis
triple bond
2^n
carboxylic acid
49. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer
sp2
configuration
Haloalkane
racemic mixture
50. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR
amines
potassium permanganate
ethers
protic solvent