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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes
alkyne
weak bases
achiral
pyrolysis
2. Same molecular formula but different structure
diol
isomer
pi bond
methylene
3. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane
achiral
halogenation
amines
Alkane nomenclature
4. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers
sigma bond
ozonolysis
basicity
2^n
5. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon
carbonyl
pi bond
fischer projection
electrophilic addition of free radicals
6. When boat flips
diastereomers
ring flip
basicity
mcpba
7. When bond angles deviate from ideal values
Acetylene
angle strain
Vinyl
formaldehyde
8. Iso - neo - cyclo
Acetylene
lindlar's catalyst
carbonyl
not ignored
9. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation
halogenation
saturated hydrocarbon
fischer projection
cold potassium permanganate
10. O3
sp3
electrophile
molecular orbital
ozonolysis
11. Creation of long - high molecular weight polymer composed of repeating subunit called monomers. occur through a radical mechanism.
polymerization
hot - acidic potassium permanganate
electrophilic addition of free radicals
methylene
12. Diborane add to double bond. boron acts as lewis acid and attaches to less hindered carbon. hydride transferred to adjacent carbon. antimarkonikov - alcohol produced
ring strain
halogenation
hydroboration
potassium permanganate
13. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.
peroxycarboxylic acid
oxidation
diastereomers
molecular orbital
14. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation
15. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties
Alkane
chiral
cold potassium permanganate
structural isomers
16. N - l - ml - ms
quantum numbers
meso compound
catalytic hydrogenation
ionic bond
17. When two p orbitals line up in parallel and electron clouds overlap. it exsits over a single bond.
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
pi bond
oxidation
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
18. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
chiral
ethers
weak bases
19. Charged - need electrons
aprotic solvent
electrophile
oxidizing
markovnikov's rule
20. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.
enantiomer
sp
geminal
methylene
21. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.
aldehyde
saturated hydrocarbon
isomer
hydroboration
22. One s and three p orbitals
oxidizing
sp3
protic solvent
diol
23. Compounds with halogen
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
weak bases
Haloalkane
chiral center
24. Carbon with four different substituents and lack a plane of symmetry
ring strain
chiral center
peroxycarboxylic acid
nonbonded strain
25. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity
sp2
stereoisomers
Haloalkane
racemic mixture
26. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image
achiral
optical activity
chiral center
chiral
27. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon
2^n
vicinal
formaldehyde
lindlar's catalyst
28. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.
reducing
fischer projection
carboxylic acid
pyrolysis
29. Lowest priority group projects into the page
ring strain
fischer projection
halogenation
covalent bond
30. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One
fischer projection
anti conformation
ketone
ethers
31. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.
fischer projection
nonbonded strain
cold potassium permanganate
carboxylic acid
32. Sharing of electron between atoms
disproportionation
ethers
methylene
covalent bond
33. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same
pyrolysis
enantiomer
alcohol
Haloalkane
34. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis
electrophilic addition of free radicals
reducing
enantiomer
C3H8 + 5O2 = 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat
35. What are the best leaving groups?
catalytic hydrogenation
oxidation
weak bases
geminal
36. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans
initiation propagation termination
electrophilic addition of X2
acetaldehyde
Haloalkane
37. A = observed rotation / concentration * length
disproportionation
specific rotation
sp3
formaldehyde
38. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart
sp
fischer projection
carbonyl
Alkane
39. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.
Haloalkane
vicinal
absolute configuration
markovnikov's rule
40. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z
electrophile
geometric isomers
sp3
absolute configuration
41. Name for propanal
propionaldehyde
Vinyl
triple bond
mcpba
42. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol
disproportionation
electrophilic addition of H2O
electrophilic addition of HX
mcpba
43. Ozonolysis under hot acidic kmO4 - e.g. H2O2 condition
vicinal
oxidizing
ethers
hybridization
44. F - CL - Br - I
fischer projection
relative configuration
isomer
halogen
45. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen
mcpba
oxidation
aldehyde
combustion - disproportionation - free - radical substitution - pyrolysis
46. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal
mcpba
aldehyde
y- root - en -x-yne
Alkyne
47. Name for mathanal
structural isomers
molecular orbital
vicinal
formaldehyde
48. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space
lindlar's catalyst
stereoisomers
relative configuration
aprotic solvent
49. Refers to the =CH2 group
ring strain
y- root - en -x-yne
methylene
Alkene
50. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule
sigma bond
2^n
configuration
electrophilic addition of HX