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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same






2. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.






3. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4






4. Lowest priority group projects into the page






5. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid






6. A = observed rotation / concentration * length






7. Sharing of electron between atoms






8. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image






9. Carbon double bonded to an oxygen






10. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain






11. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart






12. Carbon carbon triple bonds. Suffix-yne.






13. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O






14. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.






15. Same molecular formula but different structure






16. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon






17. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon






18. When boat flips






19. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.






20. Most favorable of staggared conformations






21. In presence of peroxide - oxygen or ultraviolet light. antimarkonikov because they want a stable free radical. therefore X ends up on least subsituted carbon






22. Nitrogen containing compound - longest chain attached to nitrogen used in backbone. use e and replace with AMINE. if more complex molecule present - use prefix amino. IF additional group added - use N-






23. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest






24. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane






25. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.






26. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity






27. Steps of free radical substitution






28. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process






29. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image






30. One s and three p orbitals






31. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans






32. Y = position of double bond - x is position of triple bond - root is the prefix representing the length of the principal carbon chain






33. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR






34. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton






35. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry






36. N - l - ml - ms






37. Use the Greek root for the number of carbons followed by the ending - - ane






38. Charged - need electrons






39. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.






40. Refers to the =CH2 group






41. Name for propanal






42. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation

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43. Palladium or barium sulfate (BaSO4) with quinoline. occur on metal surface - make cis.

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44. Name for ethanal






45. Highest energy no separation. or 120 separation.






46. Iso - neo - cyclo






47. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.






48. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol






49. Not solvated






50. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition







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