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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occur when a molecule is broken down by heat. used to reduce the avverage molecular weight of heavy oils. c - c - bonds are cleave dand make small chain alkyl radicals that recombine to form different alkanes






2. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable






3. Same molecular formula but different structure






4. Steps of free radical substitution






5. Propylenes attached to a backbone at the C-3 position. Meaning the double bond at end of the chain and single bonded carbon at rest






6. When a molecular orbital is formed head to head or tail to tail. all single bonds are tehese.






7. Most favorable of staggared conformations






8. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity






9. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.






10. Non mirror image of configurational isomers. cis and trans alkenes are them. possible when a molecule has two or more stereogenic centers that differ at some but not alll of the centers. they require multiple chiral centers.






11. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O






12. One s and two p 120 degree apart






13. Results when nonadjacent atoms or groups compete for space. dominant source of energy in flagpole interactions of the boat conformation. thus it goes in various conformations like chair boat and twist.






14. Diol with hydroxyl group on same carbon






15. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart






16. One s and three p orbitals






17. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.






18. Di - tri - t - sec - n -






19. Alkene oxidized with this - strong oxidizing agent. CH3CO3H or mcpba and it makes epoxide or oxirane






20. Name for propanal






21. Object that is not superimposable upon mirror image






22. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One






23. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal






24. Common name for ethyne






25. Arise from angle strain - torsional strian and nonbonded strain






26. Sharing of electron between atoms






27. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen






28. Name for mathanal






29. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process






30. N - l - ml - ms






31. Alphabetical order of alkane rxn






32. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions






33. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol






34. Configuration in relation to another chiral molecule. use it to determine if a molecule is an enantiomer - diastereomer - etc






35. A molecule with an internal plane of symmetry






36. Cleaves double bond in half - it only oxidizes the carbon to an aldehyde under reducing conditions. if ozidizing make same product as KMNO4






37. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers






38. Three different substitutents often have plane of symmetry. and rotation of 180 will allow molecule to be superimposed on mirror image






39. If a compound is able to rotate plane polarized light.






40. Electrons of pi bond are reactive and easily attacked by molecules that want e pair e.g. electrophiles.






41. Iso - neo - cyclo






42. When bond angles deviate from ideal values






43. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'






44. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.






45. A = observed rotation / concentration * length






46. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon






47. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.






48. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.






49. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer






50. Functionality is specified by alkoxy- prefix. ROR