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MCAT Organic Chemistry

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fast process. double bond is nucleophile and attack x2. make cyclic halonium ion with either br or cl. and make dihalo trans






2. Carbonyl located at the end of the chain named by replacing al with e. e.g. butanal






3. Two p orbital form pi and third p orbital combine with s to make two sp hybrid. 180 degree apart






4. O3






5. M - chloroperoxybenzoic acid






6. Charged - need electrons






7. Differ in position of substitutents attached to a double bond or cycloalkane. Cis or trans or e or z






8. Steps of free radical substitution






9. Formed by mixing different types of orbitals






10. Same molecular formula but different structure






11. Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon carbon triple bond






12. No double bonds. it has the maximum number of hydrogens.






13. Zn/h or CH3/s with ozonolysis






14. Di - tri - t - sec - n -






15. Solvents with protons in solution - e.g. water or alcohol. large atoms tend to be better nucleophiles in here because they can shed the solvating protons around them and are more polarizable






16. Nonsuperimposable mirror image of chiral objects - a specific steroisomer.






17. Combustion reaction occurs through a radical process






18. Nonterminal alkenes are cleaved to form two molar equivalent of carvoxylic acid ..make keton






19. Not solvated






20. A = observed rotation / concentration * length






21. Diols with hydroxyl group on adjacent carbon






22. Contain carbon carbon double bonds. Use same root of alkane but end with 'ene'






23. Alkenes oxidzed with kmno4 - if made with cold - dilue - make OH on each side of double bond - diols or glycol in syn orientation






24. A radical transfers a hydrogen atom to another radical and makes an alkane and alkene






25. Most similar. same molecule only at different points in their rotation. show them with newmans projections






26. Goal is to produce most stable carbocation

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27. Rotations cancel each other out therefore no optical activity






28. When two atomic orbitals combine. obtained mathematically by adding or subtracting wave functions. if sings are the same - make bonding - if different - less stable antibonding.






29. In which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen atom. via free radical substitution






30. Results when cyclic molecules must assume conformations that have eclipsed interactions






31. If reagent has a bunch of oxygen






32. Share molecular formula but have different chemical and physical properties






33. Moleculse that have the opposite configuration at their one chiral center. or if multiple chiral centers - must have the opposite configuration at every one of their chiral centers to be enantiomers. identical physical properties and much of the same






34. Name for mathanal






35. Is bonded to only one other carbon atom






36. Always receive number one. contain carbonyl and OH group - very oxidized. highest priority functional group.






37. Refers to the =CH2 group






38. One s and two p 120 degree apart






39. What are the best leaving groups?






40. Water can be added to alkenes under acidic conditions. make carbocation. ends with alcohol






41. Spatial arrangement of the atoms or groups of a sterioisomer






42. How many stereoisomers can a molecule have with n chiral centers






43. Chain of carbons connected by single bonds with hydrogen atoms attached.






44. Reducing an alkene by adding molecular hydrogen to double bond with aid of metal catalyst. e.g. pt - pd - ni. takes place on surface of metal so it does syn addition






45. E of double bond act as lewis base and react with hydrogen of hx. make carbocation intermediate. use markonikovs rule






46. Describes the exact spatial arrangement of groups of atoms independent of other molecules.






47. Carbonyl located in middle or somewhere in chane. Named with One






48. Reaction of alkane with oxygen to form carbon dioxide - water and heat.






49. More likely it is to attract positively charged proton. nucleophilic strength decreses: RO->HO>RCO2>ROH>H2O






50. Same chemical formula. same atomic connectivity . different in how atoms are arranged in space