SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
NH2CONH2
Ka
D- amino acid
alpha helix
2. Fatty acid structure
L- amino acid
Proteins
D- amino acid
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
3. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
only achiral amino acid
tertiary structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
parallel beta sheet
4. Physiological pH
7.4
optical activity
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
5. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
6. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
amphipathic
secondary structure
antiparallel beta sheet
7. Hydrophilic amino acids
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
lactase
pI
isoelectric point
8. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
9. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
disulfide bond
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
maltase
amphoteric
10. Unique feature of cysteine
aldose
antiparallel beta sheet
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
D- glyceraldehyde
11. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
only achiral amino acid
histidine - arginine - lysine
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
maltase
12. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
will have pI of 6
parallel beta sheet
13. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
maltase
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
lipases
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
14. Histidine
ketose
7.4
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
furanose
15. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
secondary structure
anomers
16. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
triacylglycerol
pI
glycogen
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
17. (R) and (S) describe what?
quaternary structure
absolute configuration
lactase
glycogen
18. Name for 6 membered ring
pyranose
phospholipids
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
D- amino acid
19. (+) and (-) describe what?
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
NH2CONH2
optical activity
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
20. Interconversion btw two anomers
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
Proteins
mutarotation
21. Basic amino acids
furanose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
CH3COOH
histidine - arginine - lysine
22. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
saturated fatty acid
glycerol
maltase
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
23. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
amphoteric
Proteins
absolute configuration
24. Unique feature of proline
7.4
Ka
lipases
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
25. Formula for urea
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
primary structure
7.4
NH2CONH2
26. Glyceraldehyde
Characteristics of the peptide bond
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
aldose
27. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
amphipathic
D- glyceraldehyde
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
D- amino acid
28. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
packing and energy content
tertiary structure
isoelectric point
29. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
NH2CONH2
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
antiparallel beta sheet
30. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
optical activity
glycogen
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
31. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
alpha helix
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
peptide bond
32. D and L describe what?
anomeric carbon
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
starch
33. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
phospholipids
D- glyceraldehyde
aldose
antiparallel beta sheet
34. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
furanose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
CH3COOH
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
35. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
Characteristics of the peptide bond
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
only achiral amino acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
36. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
L- amino acid
Characteristics of the peptide bond
anomers
parallel beta sheet
37. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
L- amino acid
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
histidine - arginine - lysine
saturated fatty acid
38. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
maltase
L- amino acid
triacylglycerol
glycogen
39. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
anomers
CH3COOH
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
40. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
amphipathic
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
41. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
absolute configuration
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
42. Acetic acid formula?
CH3COOH
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
43. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
NH2CONH2
phospholipids
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
44. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
optical activity
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
lipases
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
45. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
parallel beta sheet
lactase
primary structure
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
46. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
tertiary structure
CH3COOH
Characteristics of the peptide bond
D- amino acid
47. Acidic amino acids
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
amphipathic
stereoisomers
have amino group in their side chains
48. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
saturated fatty acid
isoelectric point
glycerol
7.4
49. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
isoelectric point
quaternary structure
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
50. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
L- amino acid
absolute configuration
Characteristics of the peptide bond
secondary structure