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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
absolute configuration
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
2. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
lipases
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
3. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
aldose
amphoteric
amphipathic
pI
4. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
5. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
amphipathic
Beta pleated sheet
tertiary structure
glycerol
6. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
D- amino acid
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
7. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
phospholipids
mutarotation
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
8. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
amphoteric
CH3COOH
9. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
primary structure
Proteins
tertiary structure
10. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
maltase
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
D- glyceraldehyde
11. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
tertiary structure
optical activity
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
12. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
antiparallel beta sheet
peptide bond
D- amino acid
tertiary structure
13. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
D- glyceraldehyde
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
anomeric carbon
peptide bond
14. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
L- configuration
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
15. (R) and (S) describe what?
starch
glycerol
absolute configuration
phospholipids
16. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
amphipathic
furanose
aldose
D- amino acid
17. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
pyranose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
lactase
18. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
primary structure
aldose
starch
mutarotation
19. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
amphipathic
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
D- glyceraldehyde
20. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
antiparallel beta sheet
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
pyranose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
21. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
aldose
glycerol
unsaturated fatty acid
alpha helix
22. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
lipases
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
L- amino acid
pyranose
23. 3 physiological roles of lipids
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
mutarotation
CH3COOH
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
24. Sulfur containing amino acids
disulfide bond
lactase
cysteine and methionine
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
25. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
Beta pleated sheet
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
packing and energy content
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
26. Polar amino acids
cysteine and methionine
furanose
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
27. D and L describe what?
D- glyceraldehyde
Beta pleated sheet
starch
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
28. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
stereoisomers
antiparallel beta sheet
D- glyceraldehyde
Proteins
29. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
isomers
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
have amino group in their side chains
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
30. Histidine
anomers
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
antiparallel beta sheet
31. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
alpha helix
Ka
D- glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
32. Formula for urea
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
will have pI of 6
NH2CONH2
furanose
33. Glyceraldehyde
amphipathic
anomeric carbon
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
unsaturated fatty acid
34. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
stereoisomers
pyranose
lactase
peptide bond
35. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
disulfide bond
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
36. Interconversion btw two anomers
packing and energy content
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
mutarotation
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
37. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
38. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
isoelectric point
maltase
absolute configuration
D- glyceraldehyde
39. Characteristic of basic amino acids
triacylglycerol
NH2CONH2
have amino group in their side chains
phospholipids
40. Fatty acid structure
amphoteric
anomeric carbon
Beta pleated sheet
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
41. (+) and (-) describe what?
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
parallel beta sheet
absolute configuration
optical activity
42. Hydrophilic amino acids
packing and energy content
optical activity
Beta pleated sheet
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
43. Physiological pH
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
7.4
44. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
isoelectric point
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
45. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
Proteins
triacylglycerol
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
will have pI of 6
46. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
lactase
will have pI of 6
optical activity
D- amino acid
47. Name for 5 membered ring
furanose
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
Characteristics of the peptide bond
absolute configuration
48. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
saturated fatty acid
CH3COOH
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
packing and energy content
49. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
glycerol
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
50. Acidic amino acids
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
parallel beta sheet
epimers
mutarotation