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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
tertiary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
isoelectric point
amphoteric
2. Fatty acid structure
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
optical activity
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
Ka
3. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
epimers
amphoteric
aldose
D- glyceraldehyde
4. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
unsaturated fatty acid
L- amino acid
amphipathic
5. Hydrolysis
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
addition of water across of a bond
histidine - arginine - lysine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
6. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
histidine - arginine - lysine
furanose
Proteins
7. Unique feature of glycine
stereoisomers
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
only achiral amino acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
8. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
D- amino acid
L- configuration
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
9. (+) and (-) describe what?
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
optical activity
triacylglycerol
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
10. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
anomeric carbon
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
lipases
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
11. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
only achiral amino acid
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
amphipathic
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
12. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
pyranose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
13. Characteristics of polar amino acids
lactase
packing and energy content
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
14. D and L describe what?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
amphoteric
alpha helix
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
15. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
CH3COOH
saturated fatty acid
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
16. Unique feature of cysteine
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
only achiral amino acid
alpha helix
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
17. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
amphoteric
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
pI
18. Formula for urea
tertiary structure
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
NH2CONH2
alpha helix
19. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
L- configuration
ketose
D- amino acid
20. (R) and (S) describe what?
absolute configuration
parallel beta sheet
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
21. Physiological pH
glycogen
furanose
7.4
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
22. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
pyranose
will have pI of 6
anomers
epimers
23. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
isomers
antiparallel beta sheet
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
24. Unique feature of proline
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
Characteristics of the peptide bond
isoelectric point
addition of water across of a bond
25. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
ketose
Ka
lipases
absolute configuration
26. Histidine
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
7.4
27. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
L- configuration
pI
28. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
epimers
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
tertiary structure
29. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
L- amino acid
ketose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
30. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
optical activity
amphipathic
isoelectric point
31. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
L- amino acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
Proteins
32. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
stereoisomers
L- configuration
NH2CONH2
33. Name for 5 membered ring
isomers
absolute configuration
furanose
ketose
34. Glyceraldehyde
only achiral amino acid
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
anomeric carbon
35. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
furanose
triacylglycerol
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
antiparallel beta sheet
36. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
parallel beta sheet
saturated fatty acid
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycogen
37. Polar amino acids
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
phospholipids
amphoteric
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
38. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
anomeric carbon
isoelectric point
peptide bond
mutarotation
39. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
pyranose
starch
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
40. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
will have pI of 6
anomeric carbon
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
41. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
D- amino acid
have amino group in their side chains
absolute configuration
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
42. Hydrophilic amino acids
L- configuration
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
epimers
43. Basic amino acids
D- amino acid
starch
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
histidine - arginine - lysine
44. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
aldose
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
D- glyceraldehyde
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
45. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
have amino group in their side chains
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
Ka
ketose
46. Sulfur containing amino acids
amphoteric
anomers
cysteine and methionine
isomers
47. Acetic acid formula?
CH3COOH
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
glycerol
furanose
48. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
primary structure
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
49. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
amphipathic
glycerol
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
lactase
50. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
antiparallel beta sheet
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
peptide bond
L- amino acid