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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
aldose
glycerol
addition of water across of a bond
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
2. Name for 6 membered ring
lipases
pyranose
absolute configuration
pI
3. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
D- glyceraldehyde
anomers
epimers
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
4. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
optical activity
disulfide bond
L- amino acid
7.4
5. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
disulfide bond
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
cysteine and methionine
6. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
antiparallel beta sheet
disulfide bond
7. Sulfur containing amino acids
cysteine and methionine
antiparallel beta sheet
maltase
parallel beta sheet
8. Hydrophilic amino acids
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
aldose
lipases
lactase
9. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
unsaturated fatty acid
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
amphipathic
cysteine and methionine
10. Glyceraldehyde
phospholipids
primary structure
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
11. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
Ka
stereoisomers
anomeric carbon
cysteine and methionine
12. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
addition of water across of a bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
primary structure
glycogen
13. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
unsaturated fatty acid
absolute configuration
Beta pleated sheet
14. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
starch
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
7.4
15. Unique feature of cysteine
packing and energy content
Beta pleated sheet
anomers
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
16. Histidine
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glycerol
17. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
lactase
stereoisomers
have amino group in their side chains
18. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
anomers
antiparallel beta sheet
packing and energy content
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
19. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
Characteristics of the peptide bond
7.4
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
amphipathic
20. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
anomeric carbon
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
maltase
amphoteric
21. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
have amino group in their side chains
22. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
peptide bond
L- amino acid
glycogen
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
23. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
furanose
lipases
Proteins
Characteristics of the peptide bond
24. Acetic acid formula?
CH3COOH
furanose
triacylglycerol
maltase
25. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
stereoisomers
unsaturated fatty acid
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
optical activity
26. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
disulfide bond
aldose
pI
have amino group in their side chains
27. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
Proteins
unsaturated fatty acid
starch
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
28. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
lactase
saturated fatty acid
starch
D- amino acid
29. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
D- amino acid
disulfide bond
30. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
have amino group in their side chains
starch
tertiary structure
lactase
31. 3 physiological roles of lipids
only achiral amino acid
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
32. Polar amino acids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
pyranose
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
33. Fatty acid structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
phospholipids
saturated fatty acid
34. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
maltase
D- glyceraldehyde
glycerol
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
35. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
anomers
addition of water across of a bond
36. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
have amino group in their side chains
L- amino acid
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
NH2CONH2
37. Characteristics of polar amino acids
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
histidine - arginine - lysine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
38. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
lactase
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
39. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
amphoteric
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
addition of water across of a bond
40. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
Proteins
epimers
lipases
41. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
secondary structure
triacylglycerol
only achiral amino acid
lactase
42. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
unsaturated fatty acid
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
glycogen
peptide bond
43. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
furanose
Ka
anomeric carbon
glycogen
44. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
Proteins
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
45. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
packing and energy content
Proteins
starch
46. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
phospholipids
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
D- glyceraldehyde
47. Name for 5 membered ring
furanose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
isoelectric point
parallel beta sheet
48. Interconversion btw two anomers
packing and energy content
glycogen
will have pI of 6
mutarotation
49. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
ketose
anomeric carbon
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
50. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
L- configuration
anomers
glycerol
pyranose