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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hydrolysis
maltase
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
optical activity
addition of water across of a bond
2. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
primary structure
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
3. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
epimers
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
alpha helix
4. 3 physiological roles of lipids
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
5. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
CH3COOH
quaternary structure
isomers
6. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
maltase
amphipathic
Beta pleated sheet
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
7. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
anomers
Ka
phospholipids
epimers
8. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
pyranose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
isoelectric point
9. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
have amino group in their side chains
peptide bond
epimers
primary structure
10. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
packing and energy content
tertiary structure
anomers
D- amino acid
11. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
optical activity
lipases
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
12. Glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
isoelectric point
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
maltase
13. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
D- glyceraldehyde
ketose
maltase
tertiary structure
14. Name for 6 membered ring
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
triacylglycerol
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
pyranose
15. Unique feature of proline
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
Proteins
glycerol
saturated fatty acid
16. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
lipases
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
17. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
only achiral amino acid
secondary structure
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
18. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
peptide bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
19. Acetic acid formula?
Proteins
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
CH3COOH
20. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
parallel beta sheet
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
isomers
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
21. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
L- amino acid
tertiary structure
only achiral amino acid
22. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
NH2CONH2
CH3COOH
will have pI of 6
23. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
aldose
tertiary structure
Beta pleated sheet
D- glyceraldehyde
24. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
will have pI of 6
secondary structure
anomers
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
25. (R) and (S) describe what?
alpha helix
absolute configuration
lipases
have amino group in their side chains
26. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
isomers
lipases
CH3COOH
27. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
NH2CONH2
7.4
parallel beta sheet
lactase
28. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
packing and energy content
starch
amphipathic
29. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
unsaturated fatty acid
D- glyceraldehyde
antiparallel beta sheet
epimers
30. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
secondary structure
D- amino acid
primary structure
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
31. Sulfur containing amino acids
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
cysteine and methionine
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
ketose
32. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
will have pI of 6
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
33. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
unsaturated fatty acid
D- amino acid
34. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
maltase
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
stereoisomers
35. Unique feature of glycine
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
have amino group in their side chains
only achiral amino acid
anomers
36. Polar amino acids
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
amphipathic
isomers
37. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
7.4
secondary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
saturated fatty acid
38. Name for 5 membered ring
NH2CONH2
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
furanose
only achiral amino acid
39. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
pyranose
glycogen
stereoisomers
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
40. Fatty acid structure
will have pI of 6
Ka
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
41. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
antiparallel beta sheet
L- configuration
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
amphoteric
42. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
ketose
packing and energy content
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
43. D and L describe what?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
secondary structure
phospholipids
44. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
isomers
stereoisomers
only achiral amino acid
45. Acidic amino acids
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
CH3COOH
histidine - arginine - lysine
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
46. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
D- glyceraldehyde
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
stereoisomers
47. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
triacylglycerol
L- amino acid
mutarotation
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
48. Physiological pH
Beta pleated sheet
cysteine and methionine
7.4
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
49. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
addition of water across of a bond
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
50. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
tertiary structure
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
antiparallel beta sheet
absolute configuration