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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
CH3COOH
disulfide bond
saturated fatty acid
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
2. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
isoelectric point
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
triacylglycerol
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
3. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
7.4
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
lipases
parallel beta sheet
4. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
mutarotation
D- amino acid
will have pI of 6
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
5. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
alpha helix
lactase
unsaturated fatty acid
6. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
antiparallel beta sheet
glycerol
CH3COOH
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
7. Characteristic of basic amino acids
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
have amino group in their side chains
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
7.4
8. Acetic acid formula?
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
CH3COOH
peptide bond
addition of water across of a bond
9. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
starch
tertiary structure
isoelectric point
10. Interconversion btw two anomers
mutarotation
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
CH3COOH
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
11. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
absolute configuration
glycogen
alpha helix
phospholipids
12. Sulfur containing amino acids
epimers
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
cysteine and methionine
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
13. Polar amino acids
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
glycogen
14. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
epimers
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
anomeric carbon
15. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
amphoteric
saturated fatty acid
Characteristics of the peptide bond
16. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
anomeric carbon
CH3COOH
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
alpha helix
17. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
will have pI of 6
have amino group in their side chains
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
18. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
lactase
lipases
L- configuration
19. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
lactase
epimers
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
20. Histidine
NH2CONH2
have amino group in their side chains
absolute configuration
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
21. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
Beta pleated sheet
L- amino acid
anomeric carbon
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
22. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
anomeric carbon
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
alpha helix
amphoteric
23. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
amphoteric
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
antiparallel beta sheet
lipases
24. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
quaternary structure
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
25. Unique feature of proline
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
L- configuration
Proteins
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
26. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
primary structure
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
will have pI of 6
27. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
stereoisomers
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
furanose
28. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
addition of water across of a bond
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
29. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
L- configuration
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
antiparallel beta sheet
30. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
secondary structure
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
antiparallel beta sheet
anomers
31. 3 physiological roles of lipids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
epimers
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
Ka
32. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
Beta pleated sheet
NH2CONH2
33. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
quaternary structure
Characteristics of the peptide bond
glycogen
isomers
34. Name for 5 membered ring
alpha helix
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
furanose
isoelectric point
35. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
isomers
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
unsaturated fatty acid
36. Acidic amino acids
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
absolute configuration
mutarotation
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
37. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
have amino group in their side chains
tertiary structure
peptide bond
38. Glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
Ka
CH3COOH
secondary structure
39. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
antiparallel beta sheet
CH3COOH
amphoteric
triacylglycerol
40. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
aldose
have amino group in their side chains
Proteins
41. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
glycerol
Beta pleated sheet
ketose
42. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
parallel beta sheet
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
maltase
43. Fatty acid structure
glycogen
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
absolute configuration
44. Hydrophilic amino acids
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
primary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
45. D and L describe what?
parallel beta sheet
phospholipids
stereoisomers
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
46. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
furanose
amphipathic
47. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
anomeric carbon
amphipathic
histidine - arginine - lysine
aldose
48. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
CH3COOH
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
pI
addition of water across of a bond
49. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
saturated fatty acid
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
anomers
50. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
glycogen