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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
amphipathic
2. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
Beta pleated sheet
starch
7.4
unsaturated fatty acid
3. Basic amino acids
disulfide bond
isomers
amphoteric
histidine - arginine - lysine
4. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
will have pI of 6
furanose
mutarotation
5. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
Ka
anomers
Beta pleated sheet
triacylglycerol
6. Glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
anomeric carbon
triacylglycerol
only achiral amino acid
7. Polar amino acids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
Ka
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
secondary structure
8. Unique feature of cysteine
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
cysteine and methionine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
anomeric carbon
9. Sulfur containing amino acids
maltase
histidine - arginine - lysine
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
cysteine and methionine
10. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
Ka
saturated fatty acid
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
11. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
stereoisomers
Ka
lactase
12. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
disulfide bond
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
13. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
Beta pleated sheet
anomers
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
14. Unique feature of proline
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
disulfide bond
antiparallel beta sheet
15. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
16. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
CH3COOH
amphoteric
mutarotation
17. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
Ka
glycerol
tertiary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
18. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
L- amino acid
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
histidine - arginine - lysine
19. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
L- configuration
triacylglycerol
quaternary structure
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
20. Interconversion btw two anomers
mutarotation
maltase
optical activity
D- amino acid
21. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
amphipathic
peptide bond
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
22. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
mutarotation
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
23. Hydrolysis
ketose
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
addition of water across of a bond
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
24. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
starch
L- amino acid
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
25. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
will have pI of 6
aldose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
26. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
lipases
phospholipids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
27. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
Beta pleated sheet
stereoisomers
absolute configuration
28. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
ketose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
parallel beta sheet
29. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
furanose
histidine - arginine - lysine
D- amino acid
30. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
antiparallel beta sheet
aldose
quaternary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
31. Acidic amino acids
primary structure
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
saturated fatty acid
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
32. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
glycerol
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
amphipathic
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
33. Hydrophilic amino acids
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
triacylglycerol
addition of water across of a bond
only achiral amino acid
34. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
tertiary structure
packing and energy content
35. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
alpha helix
pyranose
36. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
cysteine and methionine
ketose
glycogen
37. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
pI
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
lactase
38. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
absolute configuration
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
optical activity
Characteristics of the peptide bond
39. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
unsaturated fatty acid
D- amino acid
isoelectric point
will have pI of 6
40. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
glycogen
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
41. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
NH2CONH2
pyranose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
42. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
amphoteric
amphipathic
maltase
D- glyceraldehyde
43. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glycerol
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
isoelectric point
44. Name for 5 membered ring
cysteine and methionine
furanose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
Ka
45. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
Ka
pyranose
phospholipids
pI
46. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
only achiral amino acid
stereoisomers
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
quaternary structure
47. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
lipases
isoelectric point
primary structure
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
48. Characteristic of basic amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
isomers
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
49. D and L describe what?
lipases
pyranose
ketose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
50. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Characteristics of the peptide bond
maltase
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center