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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
tertiary structure
saturated fatty acid
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
pyranose
2. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
secondary structure
ketose
epimers
furanose
3. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
stereoisomers
glycerol
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
mutarotation
4. Name for 5 membered ring
isomers
furanose
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
7.4
5. Characteristic of basic amino acids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
optical activity
antiparallel beta sheet
have amino group in their side chains
6. D and L describe what?
triacylglycerol
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
7. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
anomers
aldose
8. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
triacylglycerol
saturated fatty acid
lactase
9. Sulfur containing amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
cysteine and methionine
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
only achiral amino acid
10. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
quaternary structure
parallel beta sheet
glycerol
starch
11. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
D- amino acid
parallel beta sheet
D- glyceraldehyde
alpha helix
12. Unique feature of glycine
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
pI
only achiral amino acid
lipases
13. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
tertiary structure
pI
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
absolute configuration
14. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Beta pleated sheet
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
Characteristics of the peptide bond
15. Unique feature of cysteine
peptide bond
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
amphoteric
NH2CONH2
16. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
lactase
L- configuration
17. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
D- glyceraldehyde
glycogen
anomers
histidine - arginine - lysine
18. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
CH3COOH
primary structure
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
19. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
Characteristics of the peptide bond
anomeric carbon
20. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
saturated fatty acid
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
ketose
21. Fatty acid structure
maltase
mutarotation
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
22. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
furanose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
unsaturated fatty acid
23. Acidic amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
antiparallel beta sheet
24. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
amphipathic
have amino group in their side chains
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
25. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
saturated fatty acid
lactase
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
26. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
lipases
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glycogen
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
27. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
addition of water across of a bond
stereoisomers
cysteine and methionine
mutarotation
28. Acetic acid formula?
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
L- amino acid
CH3COOH
29. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
maltase
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
epimers
unsaturated fatty acid
30. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
phospholipids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
triacylglycerol
packing and energy content
31. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
lipases
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
peptide bond
Proteins
32. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
tertiary structure
packing and energy content
Ka
33. 3 physiological roles of lipids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
have amino group in their side chains
starch
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
34. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
unsaturated fatty acid
secondary structure
CH3COOH
epimers
35. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
isoelectric point
L- configuration
lactase
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
36. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
ketose
have amino group in their side chains
37. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
quaternary structure
L- configuration
D- glyceraldehyde
38. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
secondary structure
pI
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
39. Unique feature of proline
absolute configuration
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Beta pleated sheet
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
40. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
triacylglycerol
antiparallel beta sheet
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
epimers
41. Histidine
CH3COOH
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
stereoisomers
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
42. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
Ka
anomers
L- configuration
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
43. Polar amino acids
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
isomers
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
44. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
furanose
triacylglycerol
Characteristics of the peptide bond
45. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
will have pI of 6
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
46. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
Characteristics of the peptide bond
parallel beta sheet
amphoteric
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
47. Basic amino acids
epimers
histidine - arginine - lysine
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
48. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
triacylglycerol
isomers
parallel beta sheet
D- amino acid
49. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
antiparallel beta sheet
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
Proteins
50. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
Proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
phospholipids