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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
disulfide bond
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
2. (+) and (-) describe what?
furanose
optical activity
absolute configuration
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
3. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
anomeric carbon
aldose
absolute configuration
glycerol
4. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
Characteristics of the peptide bond
CH3COOH
peptide bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
5. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
primary structure
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
isomers
alpha helix
6. Acidic amino acids
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
cysteine and methionine
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
NH2CONH2
7. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
glycogen
L- configuration
Proteins
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
8. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
optical activity
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
ketose
9. 3 physiological roles of lipids
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
secondary structure
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glycogen
10. Hydrolysis
anomeric carbon
addition of water across of a bond
pyranose
disulfide bond
11. Hydrophilic amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
antiparallel beta sheet
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
12. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
peptide bond
antiparallel beta sheet
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
13. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
anomers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Beta pleated sheet
optical activity
14. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
lipases
furanose
tertiary structure
CH3COOH
15. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
NH2CONH2
only achiral amino acid
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
pI
16. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
glycogen
epimers
D- glyceraldehyde
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
17. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
isoelectric point
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
glycogen
18. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
L- amino acid
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
19. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
Proteins
absolute configuration
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
L- amino acid
20. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
starch
NH2CONH2
stereoisomers
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
21. Acetic acid formula?
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
CH3COOH
unsaturated fatty acid
22. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
lipases
D- amino acid
23. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
D- glyceraldehyde
glycogen
Characteristics of the peptide bond
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
24. Polar amino acids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
isoelectric point
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
25. Name for 5 membered ring
absolute configuration
D- amino acid
furanose
L- amino acid
26. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
saturated fatty acid
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
antiparallel beta sheet
27. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
phospholipids
28. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
ketose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
amphoteric
29. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
Ka
D- glyceraldehyde
tertiary structure
30. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
absolute configuration
saturated fatty acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
will have pI of 6
31. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
secondary structure
anomers
32. Interconversion btw two anomers
saturated fatty acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
mutarotation
optical activity
33. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
phospholipids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
34. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
35. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
D- amino acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
36. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
ketose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
quaternary structure
pI
37. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
amphoteric
isomers
mutarotation
38. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
isomers
packing and energy content
amphipathic
peptide bond
39. Characteristic of basic amino acids
furanose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
have amino group in their side chains
addition of water across of a bond
40. Unique feature of glycine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
optical activity
only achiral amino acid
antiparallel beta sheet
41. Characteristics of polar amino acids
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
will have pI of 6
lipases
42. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
alpha helix
antiparallel beta sheet
amphipathic
43. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
D- amino acid
anomers
have amino group in their side chains
L- amino acid
44. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
maltase
saturated fatty acid
45. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
maltase
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
stereoisomers
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
46. D and L describe what?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
NH2CONH2
anomeric carbon
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
47. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
isomers
parallel beta sheet
48. Physiological pH
Beta pleated sheet
glycogen
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
7.4
49. Formula for urea
secondary structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
NH2CONH2
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
50. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
stereoisomers
amphipathic
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)