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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
starch
L- configuration
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
2. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
parallel beta sheet
amphipathic
have amino group in their side chains
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
3. Polar amino acids
antiparallel beta sheet
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
4. Basic amino acids
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
histidine - arginine - lysine
cysteine and methionine
5. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
packing and energy content
Beta pleated sheet
peptide bond
Ka
6. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
Characteristics of the peptide bond
triacylglycerol
amphipathic
7. Glyceraldehyde
glycerol
maltase
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
packing and energy content
8. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
aldose
triacylglycerol
D- amino acid
phospholipids
9. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
Beta pleated sheet
packing and energy content
cysteine and methionine
alpha helix
10. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
amphipathic
alpha helix
lipases
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
11. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
isoelectric point
addition of water across of a bond
unsaturated fatty acid
12. Acetic acid formula?
pI
CH3COOH
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
13. Formula for urea
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
phospholipids
NH2CONH2
have amino group in their side chains
14. Hydrophilic amino acids
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
addition of water across of a bond
7.4
15. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
starch
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
16. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
optical activity
disulfide bond
CH3COOH
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
17. Fatty acid structure
quaternary structure
disulfide bond
furanose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
18. D and L describe what?
amphipathic
furanose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
19. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
disulfide bond
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
20. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
aldose
7.4
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
21. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
alpha helix
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
have amino group in their side chains
Proteins
22. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
pI
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
primary structure
23. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
CH3COOH
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
isoelectric point
24. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
only achiral amino acid
D- glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
25. (R) and (S) describe what?
ketose
cysteine and methionine
absolute configuration
amphoteric
26. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
peptide bond
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
Proteins
pI
27. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
amphoteric
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
peptide bond
28. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
glycerol
Characteristics of the peptide bond
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
maltase
29. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
quaternary structure
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
antiparallel beta sheet
30. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
peptide bond
disulfide bond
D- amino acid
31. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glycogen
addition of water across of a bond
32. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
maltase
quaternary structure
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
33. Name for 5 membered ring
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
Beta pleated sheet
furanose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
34. Name for 6 membered ring
7.4
amphipathic
pyranose
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
35. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
L- configuration
L- amino acid
anomers
triacylglycerol
36. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
L- amino acid
7.4
glycogen
37. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
quaternary structure
parallel beta sheet
peptide bond
packing and energy content
38. Histidine
NH2CONH2
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
saturated fatty acid
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
39. Characteristic of basic amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
optical activity
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
40. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
saturated fatty acid
parallel beta sheet
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
41. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
have amino group in their side chains
maltase
disulfide bond
isoelectric point
42. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
amphoteric
tertiary structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
pyranose
43. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
isomers
D- amino acid
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
only achiral amino acid
44. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
histidine - arginine - lysine
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
45. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
Beta pleated sheet
will have pI of 6
lipases
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
46. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
have amino group in their side chains
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
47. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
anomeric carbon
triacylglycerol
48. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
L- amino acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
Ka
glycerol
49. 3 physiological roles of lipids
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
parallel beta sheet
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
epimers
50. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
will have pI of 6
lactase
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes