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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
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Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name for 6 membered ring
pyranose
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
primary structure
CH3COOH
2. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
glycerol
phospholipids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
3. Glyceraldehyde
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
anomers
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
aldose
4. Fatty acid structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
isoelectric point
pI
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
5. Interconversion btw two anomers
will have pI of 6
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
mutarotation
have amino group in their side chains
6. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
amphoteric
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
ketose
7. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
stereoisomers
epimers
saturated fatty acid
8. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
tertiary structure
starch
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
9. Basic amino acids
peptide bond
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
histidine - arginine - lysine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
10. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
peptide bond
7.4
11. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
unsaturated fatty acid
L- configuration
glycerol
isomers
12. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
absolute configuration
lipases
disulfide bond
glycogen
13. Physiological pH
triacylglycerol
7.4
pI
CH3COOH
14. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
saturated fatty acid
Proteins
primary structure
amphipathic
15. Unique feature of proline
have amino group in their side chains
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
16. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
furanose
isomers
addition of water across of a bond
quaternary structure
17. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
maltase
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
D- glyceraldehyde
18. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
aldose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
19. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
primary structure
quaternary structure
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
secondary structure
20. Sulfur containing amino acids
Ka
amphipathic
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
cysteine and methionine
21. Polar amino acids
Characteristics of the peptide bond
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
L- amino acid
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
22. D and L describe what?
anomers
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
epimers
L- amino acid
23. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
antiparallel beta sheet
CH3COOH
only achiral amino acid
24. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
Beta pleated sheet
addition of water across of a bond
packing and energy content
secondary structure
25. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
D- glyceraldehyde
maltase
triacylglycerol
phospholipids
26. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
antiparallel beta sheet
Proteins
NH2CONH2
aldose
27. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
lipases
furanose
D- amino acid
D- glyceraldehyde
28. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
L- configuration
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
disulfide bond
29. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
peptide bond
D- glyceraldehyde
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
ketose
30. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
phospholipids
addition of water across of a bond
7.4
lipases
31. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
phospholipids
L- configuration
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
32. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
amphipathic
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
epimers
33. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
phospholipids
epimers
CH3COOH
34. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
amphipathic
pI
parallel beta sheet
L- amino acid
35. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
maltase
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
quaternary structure
anomeric carbon
36. 3 physiological roles of lipids
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
anomers
histidine - arginine - lysine
37. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
D- glyceraldehyde
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
parallel beta sheet
pI
38. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
tertiary structure
parallel beta sheet
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
39. Characteristics of polar amino acids
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
Beta pleated sheet
alpha helix
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
40. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
antiparallel beta sheet
have amino group in their side chains
41. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
isomers
glycerol
anomers
cysteine and methionine
42. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
aldose
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
lipases
43. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glycerol
antiparallel beta sheet
cysteine and methionine
44. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
Proteins
maltase
45. Hydrolysis
absolute configuration
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
addition of water across of a bond
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
46. Acetic acid formula?
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
CH3COOH
ketose
phospholipids
47. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
packing and energy content
only achiral amino acid
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
primary structure
48. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
anomeric carbon
quaternary structure
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Ka
49. Characteristic of basic amino acids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
have amino group in their side chains
L- configuration
L- amino acid
50. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
amphoteric
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
have amino group in their side chains
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
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