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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
saturated fatty acid
anomeric carbon
epimers
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
2. Fatty acid structure
glycogen
mutarotation
D- amino acid
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
3. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
pyranose
will have pI of 6
anomeric carbon
primary structure
4. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
only achiral amino acid
secondary structure
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
5. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
ketose
Proteins
amphoteric
D- amino acid
6. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
optical activity
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
amphipathic
histidine - arginine - lysine
7. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
saturated fatty acid
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
maltase
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
8. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
D- amino acid
pI
primary structure
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
9. (R) and (S) describe what?
packing and energy content
absolute configuration
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
Characteristics of the peptide bond
10. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
glycogen
stereoisomers
disulfide bond
11. Glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
antiparallel beta sheet
maltase
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
12. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
parallel beta sheet
isoelectric point
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
13. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
aldose
quaternary structure
pyranose
maltase
14. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
alpha helix
furanose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
15. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
primary structure
antiparallel beta sheet
peptide bond
cysteine and methionine
16. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
addition of water across of a bond
cysteine and methionine
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
17. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
epimers
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glycogen
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
18. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
amphipathic
D- amino acid
packing and energy content
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
19. Name for 6 membered ring
pyranose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
unsaturated fatty acid
isoelectric point
20. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
addition of water across of a bond
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
starch
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
21. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
glycerol
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
D- amino acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
22. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
Proteins
stereoisomers
NH2CONH2
triacylglycerol
23. Characteristic of basic amino acids
glycogen
quaternary structure
epimers
have amino group in their side chains
24. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
amphoteric
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
quaternary structure
ketose
25. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
alpha helix
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
mutarotation
only achiral amino acid
26. D and L describe what?
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
Characteristics of the peptide bond
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
27. Hydrolysis
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
cysteine and methionine
peptide bond
addition of water across of a bond
28. Hydrophilic amino acids
will have pI of 6
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
tertiary structure
glycogen
29. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
quaternary structure
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
ketose
aldose
30. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
Beta pleated sheet
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
anomeric carbon
lactase
31. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
Beta pleated sheet
amphoteric
disulfide bond
32. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycogen
starch
antiparallel beta sheet
33. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
histidine - arginine - lysine
anomers
alpha helix
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
34. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
D- amino acid
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
aldose
epimers
35. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
anomers
isomers
isoelectric point
absolute configuration
36. 3 physiological roles of lipids
L- amino acid
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
starch
lactase
37. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
disulfide bond
38. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
saturated fatty acid
histidine - arginine - lysine
NH2CONH2
phospholipids
39. Histidine
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
packing and energy content
D- amino acid
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
40. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
anomers
maltase
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
41. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
pI
packing and energy content
Characteristics of the peptide bond
CH3COOH
42. Acidic amino acids
packing and energy content
maltase
quaternary structure
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
43. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
triacylglycerol
epimers
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
cysteine and methionine
44. Characteristics of polar amino acids
anomeric carbon
will have pI of 6
ketose
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
45. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
optical activity
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
Ka
46. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
secondary structure
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
alpha helix
47. Polar amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
pyranose
48. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
Proteins
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
D- glyceraldehyde
49. Basic amino acids
quaternary structure
triacylglycerol
lipases
histidine - arginine - lysine
50. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
triacylglycerol
ketose
D- glyceraldehyde