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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name for 5 membered ring
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
disulfide bond
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
furanose
2. Fatty acid structure
mutarotation
quaternary structure
Beta pleated sheet
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
3. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
epimers
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
amphipathic
parallel beta sheet
4. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
Ka
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
unsaturated fatty acid
5. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
6. (R) and (S) describe what?
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
Characteristics of the peptide bond
lactase
absolute configuration
7. Unique feature of cysteine
aldose
triacylglycerol
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
antiparallel beta sheet
8. Hydrolysis
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
addition of water across of a bond
peptide bond
anomers
9. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
isoelectric point
aldose
CH3COOH
10. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
isomers
glycerol
D- amino acid
histidine - arginine - lysine
11. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
stereoisomers
L- configuration
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
secondary structure
12. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
isomers
tertiary structure
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
triacylglycerol
13. Formula for urea
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
histidine - arginine - lysine
NH2CONH2
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
14. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
epimers
antiparallel beta sheet
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
Characteristics of the peptide bond
15. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
parallel beta sheet
glycogen
have amino group in their side chains
isomers
16. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
lactase
isomers
ketose
17. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
amphoteric
phospholipids
triacylglycerol
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
18. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
addition of water across of a bond
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
amphipathic
mutarotation
19. Polar amino acids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
parallel beta sheet
20. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
glycogen
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
isoelectric point
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
21. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
histidine - arginine - lysine
cysteine and methionine
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
22. Characteristic of basic amino acids
maltase
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
alpha helix
have amino group in their side chains
23. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
L- amino acid
addition of water across of a bond
lipases
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
24. D and L describe what?
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
saturated fatty acid
glycerol
25. Acetic acid formula?
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
alpha helix
CH3COOH
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
26. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
quaternary structure
histidine - arginine - lysine
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
lipases
27. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
NH2CONH2
pI
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
D- glyceraldehyde
28. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
phospholipids
quaternary structure
glycogen
pI
29. 3 physiological roles of lipids
glycerol
D- amino acid
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
30. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
phospholipids
Proteins
antiparallel beta sheet
31. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
7.4
D- glyceraldehyde
glycogen
primary structure
32. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
furanose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
33. Sulfur containing amino acids
cysteine and methionine
Beta pleated sheet
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
triacylglycerol
34. Unique feature of glycine
stereoisomers
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
only achiral amino acid
35. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
anomers
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
36. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
D- amino acid
amphoteric
glycogen
maltase
37. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
disulfide bond
Beta pleated sheet
Characteristics of the peptide bond
38. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
7.4
packing and energy content
parallel beta sheet
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
39. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
glycogen
L- configuration
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
40. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
anomeric carbon
peptide bond
will have pI of 6
histidine - arginine - lysine
41. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
peptide bond
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
42. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
glycerol
parallel beta sheet
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
D- amino acid
43. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
amphoteric
L- configuration
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
44. Name for 6 membered ring
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
pyranose
addition of water across of a bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
45. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
antiparallel beta sheet
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
CH3COOH
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
46. (+) and (-) describe what?
7.4
NH2CONH2
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
optical activity
47. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
triacylglycerol
lipases
amphipathic
peptide bond
48. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
will have pI of 6
starch
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
pI
49. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
cysteine and methionine
anomeric carbon
lactase
packing and energy content
50. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
stereoisomers
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
anomers
triacylglycerol