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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Physiological pH
quaternary structure
7.4
disulfide bond
lactase
2. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
maltase
amphoteric
packing and energy content
aldose
3. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
D- amino acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
ketose
4. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
glycogen
lactase
isoelectric point
pI
5. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
starch
L- amino acid
6. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
furanose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
will have pI of 6
secondary structure
7. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
NH2CONH2
furanose
L- amino acid
8. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
Ka
ketose
maltase
9. Sulfur containing amino acids
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
pI
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
cysteine and methionine
10. (R) and (S) describe what?
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
absolute configuration
ketose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
11. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
unsaturated fatty acid
ketose
12. Basic amino acids
amphoteric
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
cysteine and methionine
histidine - arginine - lysine
13. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glycogen
epimers
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
14. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
pI
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
15. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
epimers
isomers
16. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
glycerol
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
isoelectric point
maltase
17. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
alpha helix
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
stereoisomers
18. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
L- amino acid
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
maltase
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
19. Fatty acid structure
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
ketose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
20. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
aldose
CH3COOH
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
absolute configuration
21. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
saturated fatty acid
Ka
ketose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
22. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
amphoteric
Proteins
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
cysteine and methionine
23. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
antiparallel beta sheet
mutarotation
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
24. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
pI
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
25. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
lactase
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
26. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
lactase
L- amino acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
27. Polar amino acids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
primary structure
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
28. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
D- glyceraldehyde
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
amphipathic
quaternary structure
29. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
peptide bond
starch
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
30. Name for 5 membered ring
furanose
have amino group in their side chains
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
starch
31. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
Beta pleated sheet
starch
anomeric carbon
mutarotation
32. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
addition of water across of a bond
phospholipids
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
33. Formula for urea
Ka
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
NH2CONH2
triacylglycerol
34. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
glycerol
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
anomers
triacylglycerol
35. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
aldose
NH2CONH2
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
36. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
peptide bond
D- amino acid
isomers
37. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
absolute configuration
lipases
lactase
38. Name for 6 membered ring
amphipathic
Ka
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
pyranose
39. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
lactase
parallel beta sheet
tertiary structure
alpha helix
40. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
7.4
aldose
epimers
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
41. Interconversion btw two anomers
mutarotation
L- amino acid
packing and energy content
glycerol
42. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
ketose
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
triacylglycerol
saturated fatty acid
43. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
alpha helix
anomeric carbon
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
glycogen
44. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
NH2CONH2
lipases
amphoteric
45. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
starch
Characteristics of the peptide bond
glycerol
L- amino acid
46. D and L describe what?
pI
pyranose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
47. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
epimers
primary structure
48. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
lipases
ketose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
49. Unique feature of cysteine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
glycogen
L- configuration
secondary structure
50. Glyceraldehyde
only achiral amino acid
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
pyranose