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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
mutarotation
furanose
L- configuration
glycogen
2. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
Beta pleated sheet
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
CH3COOH
3. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
alpha helix
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
will have pI of 6
4. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
lactase
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
stereoisomers
phospholipids
5. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
isoelectric point
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
parallel beta sheet
disulfide bond
6. Polar amino acids
glycerol
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Ka
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
7. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
tertiary structure
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
8. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
peptide bond
9. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
lipases
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
triacylglycerol
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
10. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
saturated fatty acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
11. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
Beta pleated sheet
peptide bond
quaternary structure
have amino group in their side chains
12. D and L describe what?
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
L- amino acid
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
stereoisomers
13. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
tertiary structure
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
14. Interconversion btw two anomers
tertiary structure
Proteins
mutarotation
glycogen
15. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
pI
D- amino acid
tertiary structure
16. Unique feature of cysteine
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
cysteine and methionine
disulfide bond
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
17. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
ketose
CH3COOH
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
18. Sulfur containing amino acids
saturated fatty acid
antiparallel beta sheet
L- amino acid
cysteine and methionine
19. Acetic acid formula?
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
CH3COOH
Ka
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
20. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
anomeric carbon
anomers
stereoisomers
D- amino acid
21. Name for 6 membered ring
pI
aldose
pyranose
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
22. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
lipases
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
secondary structure
L- amino acid
23. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
L- configuration
Proteins
lactase
ketose
24. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
lipases
cysteine and methionine
25. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
saturated fatty acid
Ka
L- amino acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
26. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
D- amino acid
secondary structure
addition of water across of a bond
NH2CONH2
27. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
histidine - arginine - lysine
primary structure
cysteine and methionine
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
28. Fatty acid structure
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
primary structure
addition of water across of a bond
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
29. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
quaternary structure
D- glyceraldehyde
anomers
30. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
aldose
peptide bond
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
31. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
triacylglycerol
unsaturated fatty acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
anomeric carbon
32. Unique feature of proline
anomeric carbon
Beta pleated sheet
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
Proteins
33. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
D- amino acid
addition of water across of a bond
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
parallel beta sheet
34. Formula for urea
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
furanose
secondary structure
NH2CONH2
35. Glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
have amino group in their side chains
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
36. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
disulfide bond
Ka
D- glyceraldehyde
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
37. Acidic amino acids
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
glycogen
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
38. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
pI
amphoteric
ketose
39. Unique feature of glycine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
D- glyceraldehyde
antiparallel beta sheet
only achiral amino acid
40. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
amphoteric
pyranose
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
absolute configuration
41. (R) and (S) describe what?
absolute configuration
7.4
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
parallel beta sheet
42. Hydrophilic amino acids
maltase
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
isoelectric point
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
43. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
tertiary structure
maltase
isomers
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
44. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
glycogen
peptide bond
45. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
anomeric carbon
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
46. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
lipases
secondary structure
antiparallel beta sheet
L- amino acid
47. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
anomers
unsaturated fatty acid
tertiary structure
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
48. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
Ka
peptide bond
lactase
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
49. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glycogen
pI
50. Name for 5 membered ring
optical activity
furanose
L- amino acid
Proteins