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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hydrophilic amino acids
D- amino acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
triacylglycerol
absolute configuration
2. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
starch
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
pI
3. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
anomeric carbon
D- amino acid
quaternary structure
phospholipids
4. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
isoelectric point
5. Characteristics of polar amino acids
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
lipases
6. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
optical activity
starch
Proteins
7. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
lipases
packing and energy content
addition of water across of a bond
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
8. Characteristic of basic amino acids
isoelectric point
stereoisomers
have amino group in their side chains
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
9. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
saturated fatty acid
anomers
cysteine and methionine
anomeric carbon
10. Sulfur containing amino acids
cysteine and methionine
L- amino acid
pyranose
lipases
11. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
absolute configuration
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
12. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
ketose
amphipathic
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
anomeric carbon
13. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
have amino group in their side chains
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
quaternary structure
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
14. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
CH3COOH
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
secondary structure
parallel beta sheet
15. Formula for urea
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
anomers
NH2CONH2
secondary structure
16. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
maltase
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
ketose
peptide bond
17. Fatty acid structure
optical activity
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
18. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
cysteine and methionine
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
19. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
pyranose
stereoisomers
20. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
L- amino acid
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
will have pI of 6
21. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
lipases
22. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
Beta pleated sheet
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
disulfide bond
pyranose
23. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
D- amino acid
anomeric carbon
unsaturated fatty acid
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
24. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
have amino group in their side chains
glycerol
saturated fatty acid
25. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
D- glyceraldehyde
phospholipids
optical activity
pI
26. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
tertiary structure
peptide bond
optical activity
alpha helix
27. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
lipases
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
antiparallel beta sheet
parallel beta sheet
28. Histidine
anomers
Proteins
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
29. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
furanose
glycerol
Beta pleated sheet
30. (R) and (S) describe what?
triacylglycerol
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
absolute configuration
NH2CONH2
31. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
pI
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
optical activity
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
32. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
saturated fatty acid
Characteristics of the peptide bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
33. Name for 6 membered ring
glycogen
L- amino acid
pyranose
tertiary structure
34. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
ketose
packing and energy content
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
aldose
35. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
phospholipids
L- configuration
anomers
D- glyceraldehyde
36. Unique feature of glycine
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
only achiral amino acid
secondary structure
CH3COOH
37. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
amphoteric
38. (+) and (-) describe what?
pyranose
amphoteric
optical activity
quaternary structure
39. Polar amino acids
addition of water across of a bond
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
tertiary structure
triacylglycerol
40. 3 physiological roles of lipids
Beta pleated sheet
packing and energy content
amphipathic
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
41. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
pI
isoelectric point
aldose
anomeric carbon
42. Acidic amino acids
tertiary structure
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
mutarotation
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
43. Unique feature of cysteine
lipases
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
stereoisomers
44. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
isomers
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
45. Name for 5 membered ring
furanose
histidine - arginine - lysine
antiparallel beta sheet
have amino group in their side chains
46. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
aldose
unsaturated fatty acid
anomeric carbon
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
47. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
starch
NH2CONH2
48. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
Beta pleated sheet
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
L- amino acid
49. Acetic acid formula?
CH3COOH
alpha helix
furanose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
50. D and L describe what?
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
furanose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan