SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (+) and (-) describe what?
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
tertiary structure
D- amino acid
optical activity
2. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
saturated fatty acid
glycerol
antiparallel beta sheet
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
3. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
4. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
glycerol
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
antiparallel beta sheet
5. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
packing and energy content
parallel beta sheet
isoelectric point
7.4
6. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
stereoisomers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
have amino group in their side chains
7. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
addition of water across of a bond
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
Ka
furanose
8. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
ketose
mutarotation
9. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
phospholipids
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
amphoteric
10. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
L- configuration
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
phospholipids
secondary structure
11. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
maltase
pI
Ka
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
12. Characteristic of basic amino acids
addition of water across of a bond
cysteine and methionine
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
have amino group in their side chains
13. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
will have pI of 6
lipases
D- glyceraldehyde
14. Sulfur containing amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
quaternary structure
cysteine and methionine
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
15. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
triacylglycerol
starch
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
16. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
have amino group in their side chains
L- configuration
quaternary structure
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
17. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
starch
alpha helix
unsaturated fatty acid
amphoteric
18. Acetic acid formula?
peptide bond
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
CH3COOH
19. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
D- glyceraldehyde
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
optical activity
20. Fatty acid structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
D- glyceraldehyde
addition of water across of a bond
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
21. Interconversion btw two anomers
pI
mutarotation
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
22. D and L describe what?
isoelectric point
Ka
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
23. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
anomers
antiparallel beta sheet
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
aldose
24. Basic amino acids
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
histidine - arginine - lysine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
absolute configuration
25. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
secondary structure
CH3COOH
26. Polar amino acids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
D- amino acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
27. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
parallel beta sheet
lipases
28. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
amphoteric
anomeric carbon
have amino group in their side chains
quaternary structure
29. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
have amino group in their side chains
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
pyranose
ketose
30. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
maltase
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
cysteine and methionine
31. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
starch
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
D- glyceraldehyde
L- amino acid
32. Unique feature of cysteine
will have pI of 6
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
quaternary structure
saturated fatty acid
33. Characteristics of polar amino acids
pyranose
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
amphoteric
34. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
stereoisomers
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
histidine - arginine - lysine
saturated fatty acid
35. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
D- glyceraldehyde
tertiary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
36. Glyceraldehyde
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
primary structure
mutarotation
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
37. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
L- configuration
primary structure
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
38. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
pI
stereoisomers
NH2CONH2
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
39. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
phospholipids
unsaturated fatty acid
L- amino acid
pyranose
40. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
anomers
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
unsaturated fatty acid
41. Hydrophilic amino acids
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
saturated fatty acid
mutarotation
42. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
peptide bond
amphipathic
isomers
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
43. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
alpha helix
furanose
Ka
44. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
glycerol
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
45. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
Ka
histidine - arginine - lysine
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
ketose
46. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
triacylglycerol
parallel beta sheet
epimers
47. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
optical activity
peptide bond
D- amino acid
antiparallel beta sheet
48. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
Beta pleated sheet
D- glyceraldehyde
D- amino acid
mutarotation
49. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
isomers
pyranose
unsaturated fatty acid
50. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
stereoisomers
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
secondary structure